Deu aoe os Pere Rete eee ORT heart and the lungs. Groups of Secu Mee systems such as the digestive UR Ce ECE @ identify three different body systems. Perret ene a Ree Rey @ what are the functions of these receives the nutrients and body systems? yn anu aia ee @ name the five senses. Which organs do they use? @ Look at Alex and Carla. Which organ is Carla listening to? @ Listen to the song. Which organs do you hear? What are the three body systems in the song? digestive system nervous system circulatory system respiratory reproductive _4f system system,Look at the heart. It's divided system can we see on the screen? The heart is part of the circulatory system. It pumps blood all around Ws the respiratory system, but we need to add the body. the lungs. The small intestine is very long! ‘Where in the digestive system is food broken down into nutrients, No, wait! It happens in the small intestine, @© @ Read the descriptions below and match them to the pictures. 1. We are able to breathe because of this system. 2. This system breaks food down into nutrients 3. This organ pumps blood around the body. 4. This system moves blood through the heart and around the body. f 5. The brain, spinal cord and nerves make up this system. eGlex and Carla‘s school trip project Look at Alex and Carla’s project, then answer the questions. Organs of the body poster @ copy the picture and label the organs in your notebook. @ Alex wants to add the word hand to the picture. Why shouldn't he add this word? Which word could he add instead? © How do you think the circulatory system works with the digestive and respiratory systems?The process of nutrition includes the circulatory, respiratory, digestive and excretory systems. @he circulatory system The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. It moves blood through the heart and around the body. Blood gives our cells the oxygen and nutrients they need, Blood also collects waste products, such as carbon dioxide, and takes them to the parts of the body which expel them. Ghe excretory system Our excretory system excretes waste from our body. Two organs called kidneys clean waste from our blood. The waste combines with water to make urine. Urine travels down two tubes called ureters and collects in a bag called the bladder. When the bladder is full, the urine leaves the body through the urethra. Our body also eliminates waste pe through the skin. This waste is (wet in the form of a liquid called sweat. ; @ what does our blood carry to our body @) Explain to a partner how waste cells? rae products leave our body.Ge respiratory system The respiratory system is made up of a group of organs that help us breathe. We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. Air enters our lungs through the nose, mouth, trachea and bronchi. Oxygen then passes into our blood through the alveoli. Carbon dioxide from our blood passes into our lungs, also through the alveoli. When we breathe out, the carbon dioxide leaves our lungs. The diaphragm is a strong muscle below the lungs which contracts when we breathe in and relaxes when we breathe out. Ge digestive system ‘The digestive system allows our body to get the nutrients it needs. Digestion begins in the mouth. The food then travels down the oesophagus and into the stomach. The small intestine separates the nutrients from the waste. The nutrients pass to the circulatory system and travel to all the body cells. The waste passes to the large intestine and leaves the body through the anus. nose lungs mouth oesophagus: stomach liver — pancreas} large intestine smallGre nervous system and the senses The nervous system controls everything we do: thinking, walking, talking and even breathing. The brain sends information to different parts of the body via the nerves. It also receives information; our sense organs detect information from the environment and the nerves send this information to the brain. nerve | to brain | Smell uD olfactory nerve i Our tongue is the organ of taste. Itis covered in taste buds which identify the different tastes. Nerves send information about the tastes to the brain. Our nose is the organ of smell. Air enters the nose through the nostrils. The olfactory nerve sends information about the smells to the brain. optic nerve auditory nerve Sight Hearing Touch Our eyes are the oa of Our ears are the organs of (Our skin is the organ sight. Light enters the eye hearing. When sound enters of touch. The sensory and makes an image on the the ear, the liquid inside the nerves in our skin send retina. The retina sends this as 5 cochlea moves and sends information to the brain ‘i ERRELL IE TEN ate signals to the brain via the which tells us how something nerve to the brain. auditory nerve. feels.Gketeton, joints and muscles The skeleton scapula humerus pelvis femur fibula tibia The skeleton is made up of all the bones in our body. The skeleton has three parts: the skull, the torso and the limbs. It has two functions: it supports our body and it protects the delicate internal organs. ur bones are connected at joints, Our elbows, knees, shoulders, wrists and ankles are all joints. uty Muscles, deltgids masseter calf muscles There are over six hundred muscles in our body. Muscles help us move, give our bodies shape and they also protect our internal organs. Most muscles are connected to bones. They move bones by contracting and‘As we grow, our body changes and our reproductive organs develop. Our reproductive system makes it possible for us to have babies. While the other body systems are the same for men and women, the reproductive systems are different. The two reproductive systems need to work together so that we can reproduce. 5) ovaris vagina uterds The testicles produce sperm which is the male sex cell. The testicles are located in a bag of skin called the scrotum. The penis is connected to the testicles by small tubes. The urethra is a tube in the penis. The sperm travels through the urethra to the outside of the body. } The two ovaries store and produce ova, Ova are | the female sex cells. The uterus is connected to the ovaries by tubes. The vagina is a muscular tube. It connects the uterus to the outside of the body. The vulva is on the outside of the body and covers the opening to the vagina, the male and female reproductive systems in your notebook. ind classify the parts of the male and female reproductive systems. escrotum vagina eovaries etestiles vulva eurethraGow we are born Reproduction begins with fertilisation. This is when a sperm cell joins an ovum cell. The next stage is pregnancy. This is the time when the fertilised ovum develops into a baby in the uterus. A human pregnancy lasts nine months. Fertilisation In the first three months ... ‘A sperm joins an ovum The embryo is the size of a The embryo becomes a and the reproduction small seed. ° foetus. Itis the size of a process begins, bean. In the first three months ... In the second three months Limbs start to grow and organs start The face starts to form. The foetus has all its organs to develop. and continues to grow. The foetus is developed and preparing to be born G = : ® discuss with your partner how a baby develops in the "uterus. Remember to use the words embryo and foetus. Find out how nutrients pass from the mother to the foetus.Gee: The diaphragm changes the amount of space inside our chest when we breathe in and out. @st: Make a model of the respiratory system. 1 2 Tape the balloons to the Cut a piece out of the ___ ends of the two straws. plastic bag and stick it Secure the straws in the cover the bottom of the bottle with plasticine. bottle Plastic bottle with the bottom cut off «Plastic bag Two balloons ‘¢ Two straws Tape @ Scissors @ Plasticine Blow into the straws. Notice what happens to the balloons and the plastic bag. @ what do the straws, the balloons and the plastic bag each represent? @© choose the correct options. a) When we breathe in, the diaphragm contracts / relaxes. b) When we breathe aut, the diaphragm contracts / relaxes.As you get older, you have more responsibilities. You have to organise your time in order to study for exams. You are also responsible for doing your homework and remembering to hand it in on time. Sometimes these responsibilities can make you feel worried. When we are worried, we become anxious. We feel nervous and small things can make us angry. Did you know that there are ways to control these emotions? It’s easy ~ all you have to do is breathe! Calm breathing ‘ Take a slow breath in through your nose (for about, three seconds). Hold your breath for one or two seconds. * Breathe out slowly through your mouth (for about three seconds). ‘© Wait two or three seconds before taking another breath. © Repeat for ten breaths. © You can use this technique anywhere and anytime, @ Practise the calm breathing technique. How do you feel? @ Make a list of things that you worry about. Compare your worries with the rest of the group. Are they similar or different? Can you give each other advice about your worries? @ where do you study and do your homework? Decide as a group the best ways to study.Giusy skitts @ copy and complete. Seman includes ee eee eee nutrition | [interaction | | reproduction en : «penis | ovaries + testicles | e uterus * scrotum | evagina aa vuha lassification skills. * Make vocabulary cards for body systems using the words from the unit. Write the wordis on pieces of card. Use the cards to make your own graphic organiser. ¢ You cam also use the cards to play a ae game with a partner. Place the cards face down on the table. Pick up a card and name the system it belongs to. ‘Then give a definition of the word.@ match the organ to the correct body system. 4. stomach a. excretory system 2. kidneys b. nervous system 3. brain c. digestive system @ order the sentences to describe how the digestive system works. Copy the correct sequence. a. The small intestine separates the nutrients from the waste. + b.We take in food through the mouth. . The large intestine expels the waste from our body through the anus. d. The food passes down the oesophagus and into the stomach. e, The nutrients pass to the circulatory system. @ which is the odd one out? Why? a. penis / scrotum / vulva / testicles b. stomach / small intestine / diaphragm / anus . heart / arteries / pharynx / veins d.lungs / intestines / bronchi / trachea e. brain / kidneys / spinal cord / nerves @ Work in pairs. Order the words in the questions and test your partner. Pupil A ‘a. develop / babies / where /do ? b. organs / clean / from / blood / waste / our /which ? . digestion / begin / does / where ? isle / the / d. tubes / which / connect / the / the / to / bladder / kidneys. ? d. sight / are / of / what Forgans / the ?