History of Balancing 

The first patent for balancing technology was filed by Henry Martinson of Canada in 1870, four years after the development of
the dynamo by iemens! "ear the turn of the century, #$i moff %&#' and todola %wit(erland' attempted to develop
Martinson)s technology and apply it for industrial use! However, it was in 1*07 when a modified version of the technology was
patented by +r! ran( -awac(e$, and offered to Carl chenc$, +armstadt, .ermany, for development! chenc$ built the first
industrial two/plane balancer, and subseuently bought eclusive world r ights to the dynamic balancing machine in 1*12!

Through the years, craftsmanship and uality have been the hallmar$s of chenc$ products!
Technology advancements gave way to improved sensitivity, freuency selectivity and plane
separation capability! The development of electronics and mechanical3electrical transducers, greatly
reduced balancing time and paved the way for modern balancing technology!

Today chenc$ balancing euipment is used with confidence f or a wide range of applications / from the smalles t rotors for
dental drill instruments to the largest steam turbines in the world! 4ur precision balancing machines assure accurate,
dependable rotor operation and are available in nearly any configuration for rotors weighing as much as 500,000 lbs!

Fundamental 
s of
of
Balancing 

Fundamentals of Balancing is designed to give those less interested in theory

and design the practical s$ills to increase balancing efficiency and streamline
production! Hands/on eercises will be used etensively to improve the operators
techniue on both balancing machine and instrumentation!

 #fter a brief overview of basic theory that includes the principles of machine
operation, tolerance specifications and machine setup, students will be divided into
small groups with those that have similar euipment and applications! ervice
technicians and engineers will then supervise a number of eercises on machines
and instruments that closely resemble the students) euipment!6

Other topics include:

 The different types of unbalance %static, dynamic  couple'!

 94 tolerances and terminology!
 9ndustry standard tolerances vs! drawing tolerances!
 Machine  rotor setup!
 9nstrumentation functions  operation!
 Maimi(ing instrumentation features!
 electing the best balancing speed!
 How to avoid interference of measurements due to drive and roller harmonics!
 :roper machine maintenance and troubleshooting!
6ince instruments and machines will be selected to closely represent the
attendees) euipment, please specify balancer ma$e, model and instrument with
application!

Certification:
-evel 9/ ;alancing 4perator 

Who should attend:

This course is intended for newly appointed balancing machine operators %up to </=
years' and other personnel directly related to the balancing process! # mechanical
aptitude with emphasis on rotating euipment and precision measurements
%technician level' or machine shop eperience is recommended!
 Balancing Fundamentals

Definition
 #ccording to +9"394 1*<2 &nbalance is >that condition which eists in a rotor when
vibratory force or motion is imparted to its bearings as a result of centrifugal forces!?

Why Balance? 
 #n unbalanced rotor will cause vibration and stress in the rotor itself and in its supporting
structure! ;alancing of the rotor is, therefore, necessary to accomplish one or more of the
following@
a! 9ncrease uality of product
b! Minimi(e vibration
c! Minimi(e audible and signal noises
d! Minimi(e structural stresses
e! Minimi(e operator annoyance and fatigue
f! 9ncrease bearing life
g! Minimi(e power loss
&nbalance in Aust one rotating component of an assembly may cause the entire assembly to
vibrate! This induced vibration in turn may cause ecessive wear in bearings, bushings,
shafts, spindles, gears, etc!, substantially reducing their service life! Bibrations set up highly
undesirable alternating stresses in structural supports and housings, which may eventually
lead to their complete failure! :erformance is decreased because of the absorption of
energy by the supporting structure! Bibrations may be transmitted through the floor to
adAacent machinery and seriously impair its accuracy or proper functioning!

Unbalance vs. centrifugal force

Centrifugal force acts upon the entire mass of a rotating component, impelling each particle
outward and away from the ais of rotation in a radial direction! 9f the mass of a rotating
component is evenly distributed about its shaft ais, the part is balanced and rotates
without vibration! However, if an ecess of mass eists on one side of a rotor, the centrifugal
force acting upon this heavy side eceeds the centrifugal force eerted by the light side and
pulls the entire rotor in the direction of the heavy side!

This figure shows the side view of a rotor having an ecess mass m on one side! +ue to
centrifugal force eerted by m during rotation, the entire rotor is being pulled in the direction
of the arrow !

Centrifugal force increases with the square of the speed

 # rotating element having an uneven mass distribution, i!e!, unbalance, will vibrate due to
the ecess centrifugal force eerted during rotation by the heavier side of the rotor! Dhen at
rest, the ecess mass eerts no centrifugal force and, therefore, causes no vibration! Eet
the actual unbalance is still present! &nbalance, therefore, is independent of rotational
speed and remains the same, whether the part is at rest or is rotating %provided the part
does not deform during rotation'! Centrifugal force, however, varies with speed! The higher
the speed, the greater the centrifugal force eerted by the unbalance and the more violent
the vibration! Centrifugal force increases proportionately to the suare of the increase in
speed! 9f the speed is doubled, the centrifugal force uadruplesF if the speed is tripled, the
centrifugal force is multiplied by nine!

Causes of unbalance
The ecess of mass on one side of the rotor in this figure is called unbalance! 9n the
eample illustrated, it is the heavy spot! &nbalance may also occur due to lac$ of mass
%such as a drill hole, porous spot, etc!' in which case it is called the light spot?! Gither one
may be caused by a variety of reasons, including the following@

a! Tolerances in fabrication, including casting, machining, and assembly!

b! Bariation within materials, such as voids, porosity, inclusions, grain, density, and
finishes!
c! "onsymmetrical design, including motor windings, part shapes, location, and density of
finishes!
d! "onsymmetrical in use, including distortion, dimensional changes, and shifting of parts
due to rotational stresses, aerodynamic forces, and t emperature changes!
ymmetrical design and careful setting of tolerances and fits can often minimi(e balancing
problems! -arge amounts of unbalance reuire large corrections! 9f such corrections are
made by removal of material, additional machining cost is involved and part strength may
be affected! 9f corrections are made by addition of material, cost is again a factor and space
reuirements for the added material may be a problem!

Manufacturing processes are the maAor source of unbalance! &nmachined portions of

castings or forgings, which cannot be made concentric and symmetrical with respect to the
shaft ais, introduce substantial unbalance! Manufacturing tolerances and processes, which
permit any eccentricity or lac$ of suareness with respect to the shaft ais, are sources of
unbalance! The tolerances, necessary for economical manufacturing and assembly of
several elements of a rotor, permit radial displacement of parts of the assembly and thereby
introduce unbalance!

-imitations imposed by rotor design often introduce unbalance effects that cannot be
corrected adeuately by refinement of the design itself! or eample, electrical design
considerations impose a reuirement that one coil be at a greater radius than the others in
a certain type of universal motor armature! 9t is impractical to design a compensating
unbalance into the armature!

abricated parts, such as fans, often distort nonsymmetrically under service conditions!
+esign and economic considerations prevent the adaptation of methods that might
eliminate this distortion and thereby reduce the resulting unbalance!

9deally, rotating parts should always be designed for inherent balance, whether a balancing
operation is to be performed or not! Dhere low service speeds are involved and the effects
of a reasonable amount of unbalance can be tolerated, this practice may eliminate the need
for balancing! 9n parts that reuire unbalanced masses for functional reasons, these
masses can often be counterbalanced by designing for symmetry about the shaft ais!
Correction methods
Corrections for rotor unbalance are made either by the addition of mass to the rotor, by the
removal of material, or in some cases, by relocating the shaft ais %>mass centering'! The
selected correction method should ensure that there is sufficient space or material to allow
correction of the maimum unbalance which may occur! T he ideal correction method
permits a reduction of the maimum initial unbalance to less than balance tolerance in a
single correction step! However, this is often difficult to achieve! The more common
methods described below, e!g!, drilling, usually permit a single step reduction of 10@1 in
unbalance if carried out carefully! Milling and grinding are less accurate, unless carried out
in automatic or semi/automatic balancing machines, which have integrated mass correction
devices!
The addition of mass may achieve a reduction ratio as large as <0@1 or higher, provided the
mass and its position are closely controlled! 9f the method selected for reduction of
maimum initial unbalance cannot be epected to bring the rotor within the permissible
residual unbalance in a single correction step, a preliminary correction is made! Then a
second correction follows to reduce the remaining unbalance to its permissible value!

Addition of Mass
1! Addition of two-component epoxy
9t is difficult to apply the material so that its center/of/gravity is precisely at the desired
correction location! Bariations in location introduce errors in correction! This method is
often used in balancing of wound armatures!
<! Addition of !olted or ri"eted standard washers
This method is uic$, but somewhat limited in accuracy because the washers come in
incremental si(es, i!e!, the mass of one washer may vary considerably from the mass of
the net washer of the same type and si(e! This method is often used in balancing of #C
motor rotors!
=! Addition of premanufactured weights
The same limitations as in %<' apply! # typical application is addition of spring clips to the
blades of automotive #3C blower wheels!
! Addition of cut-to-si#e weights
This is practiced on drive shafts, for instance, by resistance welding the weights to the
outside rotor surface! Delding provides a means of attaching a wide variety of correction
masses at any desired angular locations! Care must be ta$en that welding heat does not
distort the rotor!

$emo"al of Mass
1! %rilling
Material is removed from the rotor by a drill which penetrates the rotor to a measured
depth, thereby removing the intended amount of material with a high degree of accuracy!
 # depth gage or limit switch can be provided on the drill spindle to ensure that the hole is
drilled to the desired depth! This is probably the most effective method of unbalance
correction!
<! Milling& 'haping& or Fly Cutting
This method permits accurate removal of mass when the rotor surfaces, from which the
depth of cut is measured, are machined surfaces, and when means are provided for
accurate measurement of cut with respect to those surfacesF used where relatively large
corrections are reuired!
=! (rinding
9n general, grinding must be considered a trial/and/error method of correction! 9t is
difficult to evaluate the actual mass of the material, which is removed! This method is
usually used only where the rotor design or material does not permit a more economical
type of correction!

Mass Centering
uch a procedure is used, for instance, to reduce initial unbalance in cran$shaft castings or
forgings! The shaft is mounted in a balanced cage or cradle, which in turn, is rotated in a
balancing machine! The shaft is adAusted radially with respect to the cage until the
unbalance indication for the combined shaft and cradle assembly is within a given
tolerance! #t this point the principal inertia ais of the shaft essentially coincides with the
shaft ais of the balanced cage! Center drills, guided along the ais of the cage, then drill
the shaft centers and thereby provide an ais in the cran$shaft about which it is in balance!
The subseuent machining of the cran$shaft is carried out between these centers!
;ecause material removal is uneven at different parts of the shaft, the machining operation
will introduce some new unbalance! # final balancing operation is, therefore, still reuired! 9t
is generally accomplished by drilling into the cran$shaft counterweights! However, final
unbalance corrections are small and balancing time is significantly shortened! urthermore,
final correction %usually by drilling' does not eceed the material available for it, nor does it
reduce the mass of the counterweights to a level where they no longer perform their proper
function, namely to compensate for the opposed throws and cran$pins of the cran$shaft!

Units of unbalance
&nbalance is measured in ounceinches, graminches, or grammillimeters, all having a
similar meaning, namely a mass multiplied by its distance from t he shaft ais, i!e!, its
radius! #n unbalance of 100 gin, for eample, indicates that one side of the rotor has an
ecess mass euivalent to 10 grams at a 10 inch radius, or <0 grams at a 2 inch radius!

)iew of $otor With *++ g,in n!alance

9n each case the mass, when multiplied by its distance from the shaft ais, amounts to the
same unbalance value, namely 100 graminches! # given mass will create different
unbalances, depending on its distance from the shaft ais! To determine the unbalance,
simply multiply the mass by its radius!

ince a given ecess mass at a given radius represents the same unbalance, regardless of
rotational speed %provided the rotor does not change its shape over speed', the speed at
which the unbalance is measured is determined primarily by the type of balancing machine,
its drive system, the reuired balancing accuracy, and safety concerns %i!e! the slower the
rotational speed, the less energy is stored in the rotor'!

4nce the unbalance has been corrected there will no longer be any significant disturbing
centrifugal force and, therefore, no more ecessive vibration! # small residual unbalance
will usually remain in the part, Aust as there is a tolerance in any machining operation!
.enerally, the higher the service speed, the smaller should be the residual unbalance!
;alancing tolerances for various types of rotors will be discussed later in this boo$!

Dhile most countries use the metric system, and subseuently use metric units of
unbalance, e!g!, grammillimeters %abbreviated gmm', in the &!!#! many branches of the
industry use a combination of metric and Gnglish units, graminch %abbreviated gin',
because it has proven to be the most practical! # true Gnglish unit, e!g!, ounceinch
%abbreviated o(in' is too large for many balancing applications, necessitating fractions or a
subdivision into hundredths, neither of which has become very popular!

Types of unbalance
The following paragraphs eplain the four different types of unbalance as defined by the
internationally accepted 94 tandard "o! 1*<2 on balancing terminology! or each of the
four mutually eclusive cases an eample is shown, illustrating displacement of the principal
ais of inertia from the shaft ais caused by the addition of certain unbalance masses in
certain distributions to a perfectly balanced rotor!

a 'tatic n!alance

'tatic n!alance
tatic unbalance eists when the principal ais of inertia is displaced parallel to the shaft
ais! This type of unbalance is found primarily in narrow, dis$/shaped parts such as
flywheels and turbine wheels! 9t can be corrected by a single mass correction placed
opposite the center/of/gravity in a plane perpendicular to the shaft ais, and intersecting the
C.!
tatic unbalance, if large enough, can be detected with gravity/type balancing devices, for
instance, a pair of precision ground $nife edges! 9f the $nife edges are level, the rotor will
turn until the heavy spot reaches the lowest position!
The use of $nife edges for the detection of unbalance is very limited because of the
following@
 The device can only indicate the angle of unbalance, not the amount of unbalance!
 The amount of unbalance can only be estimated and corrected by trial/and/error!
 The accuracy is limited by the friction between $nife edge and Aournal!
tatic unbalance can be measured more accurately by centrifugal means on a balancing
machine than by gravitational means on $nife edges or rollers! tatic balancing by gravity is
satisfactory only for relatively slowly revolving, dis$/shaped parts or for parts that are
subseuently assembled into a larger rotor, which is then balanced dynamically as an
assembly!

! Couple n!alance

Couple n!alance
Couple unbalance is that condition for which the principal ais of inertia intersects the shaft
ais at the center of gravity! This condition arises when two eual unbalances are positioned
at an aial distance on a rotor and spaced 180I from each other! ince this rotor will not
rotate when placed on $nife/edges, a dynamic method must be employed to detect couple
unbalance!
Couple unbalance is epressed in units of gram/millimeter< %abbreviated gmm<',
graminch< %abbreviated gin<', ounceinch< %abbreviated o(in<', or similar, wherein the
second length unit refers to the distance b between the two planes of unbalance!
This type of unbalance cannot be corrected by a single mass in a single correction plane! #t
least two masses are reuired, each placed in a different t ransverse plane %perpendicular to
the shaft ais' and 180I opposite to each other! 9n other words, a couple unbalance needs
another couple to correct it! 9n the eample for instance, correction could be made by
placing two masses at opposite angular positions on t he main body of the rotor! The aial
location of the correction couple does not matter as long as its value is eual in magnitude
but opposite in direction to the unbalance couple!

c .uasi-'tatic n!alance

.uasi-'tatic n!alance
Juasi/static unbalance is that condition of unbalance for which t he central principal ais of
inertia intersects the shaft ais at a point other than t he center of gravity! 9t represents the
specific combination of static and couple unbalance where the angular position of one
couple component coincides with the angular position of the static unbalance! This is a
special case of dynamic unbalance!

Couple plus 'tatic n!alance results

in .uasi-'tatic n!alance& pro"ided
one Couple Mass has the same
angular position as the 'tatic Mass

Note that the single unbalance mass in the first figure represents the same quasi-static
unbalance as the 3 masses in the second! 

d %ynamic n!alance
ynamic unbalance, is that condition in which the central principal ais of inertia is neither
parallel to, nor intersects with the shaft ais! 9t is the most freuently occurring type of
unbalance and can only be corrected %as is the case with couple unbalance' by mass
correction in at least two planes perpendicular to the shaft ais! +ynamic unbalance is a
combination of static unbalance and couple unbalance, where the angular position of the
static unbalance relative to the couple unbalance is neither 0I nor 180I!

/ypes of Balancing Machines

The balancing machine is a measuring tool!
 # balancing machine is used to detect, locate and measure unbalance! The data furnished
by the machine permits changing the mass distribution of a rotor, which, when done
accurately, will balance the rotor! ;alance is a (ero uantity, and therefore is detected by
observing an absence of unbalance! The balancing machine measures only unbalance,
never balance!

'oft-!earing
The soft/bearing balancing machine derives its name from the fact that it supports the rotor
to be balanced on bearings which are very fleibly suspended, permitting the rotor to vibrate
freely in at least one direction, usually the hori(ontal, perpendicular to the rotor shaft ais!
Kesonance of rotor and bearing systems occurs at one half or less of t he lowest balancing
speed, so that by the time balancing speed is reached, the angle of lag and the vibration
amplitude have stabili(ed and can be measured with reasonable certainty!
;earings %and the directly attached support components' vibrate in unison with the rotor,
thus adding to its mass! Kestriction of vertical motion does not affect t he amplitude of
vibration in the hori(ontal plane, but t he added mass of the bearings does! The greater the
combined mass of the rotor and the bearings, the smaller will be the displacement of the
bearings, and the smaller will be the output of the devices which sense the unbalance!
The relationship between unbalance and bearing motion is very comple! # direct indication
of unbalance can be obtained only after calibrating the indicating system for a given rotor by
ma$ing several calibration runs with calibration weights of $nown value attached to the rotor
in the chosen correction planes! Calibrating a soft/bearing machine by sha$ing the rotor
%without spinning it' has been attempted by several manufacturers but proven inaccurate
because the polar moment of inertia is ignored!

0ard-!earing
Hard/bearing balancing machines are essentially of the same construction as soft/bearing
balancing machines, ecept that their bearing supports are significantly stiffer in t ransverse
hori(ontal direction! This results in a hori(ontal resonance for the rotor and bearing support
system which occurs at a freuency several orders of magnitude higher than that for a
comparable soft/bearing balancing machine! The hard/bearing balancing machine is
designed to operate at speeds well below this resonance in an area where the phase angle
lag is constant and practically (ero, and where the amplitude of vibration / though small / is
directly proportional to centrifugal forces produced by unbalance!
ince the force that a given amount of unbalance eerts at a given speed is always the
same, no matter whether the unbalance occurs in a small or large, light or heavy rotor, t he
output from the sensing elements attached to the balancing machine bearing supports
remains proportional to the centrifugal force resulting from unbalance in t he rotor! The output
is not influenced by bearing mass, rotor mass, or inertia, so that a permanent relation
between unbalance and sensing element output can be established!
Centrifugal force from a given unbalance rises with the suare of the balancing speed!
4utput from the pic$ups rises proportionately with the second or third power of the speed
depending on the type of pic$up used! uitable integrator circuitry then reduces the pic$up
signal inversely proportional to the suare respectively cube of the balancing speed
increase, resulting in a constant unbalance readout! &nli$e soft/bearing balancing machines,
the use of calibration masses or sha$ers is not reuired to calibrate the machine for a given
rotor!
;alancing and Bibration tandards
12/3$2A/1O2A4 '/A2%A$%'
 1'O *567:6++* Mechanical vibration // ;alancing // Bocabulary
 1'O *58+-*:*59 Mechanical vibration // ;alance uality reuirements of rigid rotors // :art 1@
+etermination of permissible residual unbalance
 1'O *58+-6:*55; Mechanical vibration // ;alance uality reuirements of rigid rotors // :art <@
;alance errors
 1'O 6+8*:*55+ Bibration and shoc$ // Bocabulary
 1'O 6<;*:*5;8 ield balancing euipment // +escription and evaluation %withdrawn'
 1'O 657<:*555 Mechanical vibration // ;alancing machines // +escription and evaluation
%available in Gnglish only'
 1'O 6578:*5;7 Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery // Keuirements
for instruments for measuring vibration severity
 1'O <;*5:*558 Mechanical vibration // ymbols for balancing machines and associated
instrumentation
 1'O 89:*55+ Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Bibration of buildings // .uidelines for the
measurement of vibrations and evaluation of their effects on buildings
 1'O 7<8<:*59< Criteria for evaluating fleible rotor balance %withdrawn'
 1'O 7<88:*59+ Glectrodynamic test euipment for generating vibration // Methods of
describing
euipment characteristics
 1'O 7<89:*559 Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
 1'O 78+:*59+ The mechanical balancing of fleible rotors %withdrawn'
 1'O ;8;7:6++6 Mechanical vibration // ;alancing machines // Gnclosures and other protective
measures for the measuring station %available in Gnglish only'
 1'O ;6-*:*59 Bibration and shoc$ // Gperimental determination of mechanical mobility //
:art 1@ ;asic definitions and transducers
 1'O ;6-6:*55+ Bibration and shoc$ // Gperimental determination of mechanical mobility //
:art <@ Measurements using single/point translation ecitation with an attached vibration
eciter 
 1'O ;6-7:*558 Bibration and shoc$ // Gperimental determination of mechanical mobility //
:art 2@ Measurements using impact ecitation with an eciter which is not attached to the
structure
 1'O ;5*5-*:*55 Mechanical vibration of non/reciprocating machines // Measurements on
rotating shafts and evaluation criteria // :art 1@ .eneral guidelines
 1'O ;5*5-6:6++* Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements on
rotating shafts // :art <@ -and/based steam turbines and generators in ecess of 20 MD
with normal operating speeds of 
1200 r3min, 1800 r3min, =000 r3min and =500 r3min
 1'O ;5*5-<:*55 Mechanical vibration of non/reciprocating machines // Measurements on
rotating shafts and evaluation criteria // :art =@ Coupled industrial machines
 1'O ;5*5-8:*55 Mechanical vibration of non/reciprocating machines // Measurements on
rotating shafts and evaluation criteria // :art @ .as turbine sets
 1'O ;5*5-7:*55; Mechanical vibration of non/reciprocating machines // Measurements on
rotating shafts and evaluation criteria // :art 2@ Machine sets in hydraulic power generating
and pumping plants
 1'O 9+86:*599 hoc$ and vibration measurements // Characteristics to be specified for
seismic pic$/ups
 1'O 975:*55 Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Measurement and evaluation of shoc$ and
vibration effects on sensitive euipment in buildings
 1'O 996*:*595 Mechanical vibration // ;alancing // haft and fitment $ey convention
 1'O 599:*55+ Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // #nalytical methods of assessing shoc$
resistance of mechanical systems // 9nformation echange between suppliers and users of
analyses
 1'O *++77:*55 Mechanical vibration // Bibration testing reuirements for shipboard
euipment and machinery components
 1'O *+*<;:*556 ;ases for design of structures // erviceability of buildings against vibration
%available in Gnglish only'
 1'O=/' *+9**-*:6+++ Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Bibration and shoc$ in buildings with
sensitive euipment // :art 1@ Measurement and evaluation
 1'O=/' *+9**-6:6+++ Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Bibration and shoc$ in buildings with
sensitive euipment // :art <@ Classification
 1'O *+9*8:*55 Mechanical vibration // usceptibility and sensitivity of machines to unbalance
 1'O *+9*-*:*557 Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art 1@ .eneral guidelines
 1'O *+9*-6:6++* Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art <@ -and/based steam turbines and generators in ecess of 20
MD with normal operating speeds of 1200 r3min, 1800 r3min, =000 r3min and =500 r3min
 1'O *+9*-<:*559 Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art =@ 9ndustrial machines with nominal power above 12 $D and
nominal speeds between 1<0 r3min and 12 000 r3min when measured in situ
 1'O *+9*-8:*559 Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art @ .as turbine driven sets ecluding aircraft derivatives
 1'O *+9*-7:6+++ Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art 2@ Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping
plants %available in Gnglish only'
 1'O *+9*-:*557 Mechanical vibration // Gvaluation of machine vibration by measurements
on non/rotating parts // :art 5@ Keciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 $D
 1'O *+9*;-*:*559 Kotating shaft vibration measuring systems // :art 1@ Kelative and absolute
sensing of radial vibration
 1'O *+9*5:*55 Mechanical vibration and shoc$ // Hand/arm vibration // Method for the
measurement and evaluation of the vibration transmissibility of gloves at the palm of the
hand
 1'O **<86:*559 Mechanical vibration // Methods and criteria for the mechanical balancing of
fleible rotors %available in Gnglish only'
 1'O **<86=Cor*:6+++  Mechanical vibration // Methods and criteria f or the mechanical balancing
of fleible rotors %Technical Corrigendum 1'
 1'O *<<;<-*:6++6 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines // Bibration condition
monitoring // :art 1@ .eneral procedures
 1'O *858:6++< 9ndustrial fans // pecifications for balance uality and vibration levels
 1'O *857:6++< 9ndustrial fans // Method of measurement of fan vibration
 1'O *89<5-*:6++6 Mechanical vibration // Bibration of rotating machinery euipped with active
magnetic bearings // :art 1@ Bocabulary
 1'O *+<-*:*559 Methods for the calibration of vibration and shoc$ transducers // :art 1@
;asic concepts
 1'O *+<-**:*555  Methods for the calibration of vibration and shoc$ transducers // :art 11@
:rimary vibration calibration by laser interferometry %available in Gnglish only'
 1'O *+<-*6:6++6  Methods for the calibration of vibration and shoc$ transducers // :art 1<@
:rimary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method %available in Gnglish only'
 1'O *+<-*<:6++*  Methods for the calibration of vibration and shoc$ transducers // :art 1=@
:rimary shoc$ calibration using laser interferometry

2A/1O2A4 '/A2%A$%'
A2'1 '6;-*596 ;alancing Terminology %identical to 94 1*<2'
>$*55;?
A2'1 '6+-*59; ;alancing Machines / Gnclosures and 4ther afety Measures  %identical to
>$*55;? 94 772'
A2'1 '686-*596 :rocedures for ;alancing leible Kotors %identical to 94 205'
>$*55;?
A2'1 '6<9-*596 ield ;alancing Guipment / +escription and Gvaluation  %identical to 94
>$*55;? <=71'
A2'1 '6*5-*595 Mechanical Bibration / ;alance Juality Keuirements of Kigid Kotors / :art 1,

>$*55;? +etermination of :ermissible Kesidual &nbalance  %identical to 94 1*0'

'A3 %ocuments
A$@79;B : ;alancing Machines / +escription and Gvaluation Hori(ontal, T wo/:lane, oft/
;earing Type for .as Turbine Kotors
A$@799B : ;alancing Machines / +escription and Gvaluation Bertical, ingle/:lane, oft/
;earing Type for .as Turbine Kotors
A$@**<8 :  #dapter 9nterface / Turbine Gngine ;lade Moment Deighing cale
A$@*6+6 : ;alancing Machines, +ynamic, ;all Type lave ;earings for Kotor upport
A$@*<96 : +esign Criteria for ;alancing Machine T ooling
A$@8+89 : ;alancing Machines / +escription and Gvaluation Hori(ontal, T wo/:lane, Hard/
;earing Type for .as Turbine Kotors
A$@8+7+ : ;alancing Machines / +escription and Gvaluation Bertical, Two/:lane, Hard/
;earing Type for .as Turbine Kotors
A$@8*6A ;alancing Machine :roving Kotors
:
A$@8*< : ;alancing Machines, Tooling +esign Criteria %as of 7/<00= being wor$ed on,
will supersede #K: 1=8<'
A$@7<6< : ;alancing Machines / +escription and Gvaluation Bertical, ingle/:lane, Hard/
;earing Type for .as Turbine Kotors
A$@7*+A : Moment Deight of Turbine and Compressor Kotor ;lades
A1$*9<5 :  # .uide to #ircraft Turbine Gngine Bibration Monitoring ystems
 #"9 and 94 +ocuments may be ordered through www!ansi!org
 #:9 tandards may be ordered through a distributor, .lobal Gngineering +ocuments at
http@33global!ihs!com

#G tandards may be ordered through www!sae!org