CONFIDENTIAL Sz] ASIDEC 2018/810330 oe) UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE : INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY COURSE CODE : BlO330 EXAMINATION : DECEMBER 2018 TIME 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1 This question paper consists of two (2) parts: PART A(10 Questions) PART B (5 Questions) 2 ‘Answer ALL questions from all two (2) parts i) Answer PART A in the Objective Answer Sheet. ii) Answer PART B in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3, Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. 4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of : {) the Question Paper ii) an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty ili) an Objective Answer Sheet - provided by the Faculty 5. ‘Answer ALL questions in English DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO D0 SO This examination paper consists of 6 printed pages (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 2 ASIDEC 2018/810330 PARTA 1. Identify the correct statement of community, ‘A. The relationships of smaller groups of organisms with each other and with their environment. B. Groups of similar individuals or the same species that tend to mate with each other and living in a geographic area. C. The relationships or interactions between groups of different species. D. The place where an organism lives. 2. Select the abiotic factor that affects the water balance of organisms through osmosis. ‘Oxygen content Rocks and soil Salinity Sunlight pom> 3. Select the subfield of ecology that examines species interactions, such as predation and competition. Global ecology Population ecology ‘Community ecology Landscape ecology pom> 4. Name the pattern of dispersion that shows the antagonistic social interactions such as the defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals. Clumped dispersion Uniform dispersion Random dispersion Aggregated dispersion pom> 5. _ Identify the false statement of Type III survivorship curve. Very high death rate for the young. Few individuals survive at a certain age Produce a large number of offspring with litle care. Mortality rate increases for the older group cpom> @ Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 3 ASIDEC 2018/B10330 6. _ Identify the type of interaction that resulted in the stratified distributions for Chthamalus ‘sp. and Balanus sp. on rocks along the coast of Scotland. A. Competitive exclusion B. Resource partition C. _ Interference competition D. Interspecific competition 7. Indicate the biome characterized by their plant tolerance of heat and desiccation. Tropical forest Chaparral Desert Tundra pom> 8. Choose the false characteristics for Tropical Rainforest, The precipitation is highly seasonal, 150-200 cm annually The landscape is dominated by low and widely scattered vegetation. Averaging 25 - 29 °C with little seasonal variation. The plant forests are vertically layered that competed for light. pomp 9. Identify the most productive aquatic biomes. Lakes Ponds Estuaries Marines pom> 10. Indicate one factor that causes the phytoplankton to be dominant at the oceanic pelagic zone. ‘A. Too ttle light available that is unable to support plants. B. Too many predators fed on the plants. Cc. Filling, dredging and pollution. D. Reduction in the oxygen level. © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 4 ASIDEC 2018/810330 PARTB QUESTION 1 Differentiate the characteristics of k-selection and r-selection factor. (5 marks) QUESTION 2 50 P. aurelia E 45 = 40 295 300 25 5 20 B15 510 P. caudatum 25 0 0 2 4 6 8 0 12 14 16 Days Figure 1 a) Figure 1 shows the number of population over time for two species of Paramecium b) cultivated as a mixed culture. Interpret the graph in term of competition. (5 Marks) Identify five (5) possible defense adaptations in animals to cope with the predator. (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA (5 marks) CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 5 ASIDEC 2018/810330 QUESTION 3 a) Illustrate the Phosphorus cycle. (5 marks) b) The juvenile striped bass is the main predator of fish larvae. Fish larvae eat zooplankton and the big fish eat juvenile striped bass. Construct a pyramid number from the information above and give two (2) appropriate reasons in the relation of the least number at the higher tropic level. (5 marks) QUESTION 4 a) Analyze five (5) effects of acid rain towards environment. (5 marks) b) Justify any two (2) types of pollution in terms of their sources, effects and the solutions to overcome the problems. (10 marks) QUESTION 5 a) Compare the Savanna and Temperate Grassland in terms of their precipitation, temperature, plants, animals and their distribution area. (5 marks) b) Relate characteristics of any two zonation at lakes and its organisms. (5 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL