KEY TERMS FOR CHAPTER 2 (THE THREE INSTRUMENTS THAT EMBODY THE

HUMAN RIGH TO VOTE – ELECTION PROCESS) PAGE 47-48

 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

 Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country.
 Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.
 The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government.
 The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Every citizen has the right to:
 To take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen
representatives
 To vote and to be elected at genuine periodic elections
 To have access, on general term of equality, to public service.
 The 1987 Philippine Constitution
 Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise
disqualified by law.
 The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of
ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad.
 General Election
- Elections are held simultaneously on the same day for all the national and local
offices.
 National Elections
- Elections for national offices, like the President, Vice President, and members of
Congress.
 Local Elections
- Elections for the offices in the provinces, cities, and municipalities.
 Special Elections
- Elections are determined by the Congress in the date different from that of the regular
elections, like the barangay elections and the SK elections.
 Registration: First stage of the Election Process
 Includes the Registration Day, Revision Day (Revision of List of Voters), and List
of Voters
 Election Day: Second process of election
 Includes Casting and Counting of votes, Preparation of election returns & any
other reports, and Distribution of election returns
 Canvassing and Proclamation : Third and last process of election
 Includes board of canvassers (for President, Vice President, Senators,
Provincial/City/District/Municipality), and Proclamation of Winning Candidates