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IA-BRL-M-QIZA I

\iiRtef)) I PHYSI CS
セ@ ..q;r I I Paper I

3Tf''qCfi(fl{ 3iCf> : 250


Time allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 250

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r.pv<1T WRT W 3Tff # if f{!i f.:IRfRRslrl セ@ セ@
Cfi7 tl/FI'!!cn セ@ :
.:mo >IN t \ill セ@ セ@
セ@ # セ@ t ?f2!7 ft;:i{t 3th" セ@ cfr;ff # fW t I
rrfte:mff w¥f rrfw w.if セ@ セ@ # tI
>IN 8&:rJ 1 3th" 5 31f.rcrr4 t a2!7 arrclft # # セ@ (§fU6 # Cfilf-#-Cfilf セ@ JTR セ@ fcn;if rft;r w.fi セ@ セ@ セ@ I
セ@ JTR/'J.TTTT セ@ 3fcn セ@ "fiTIR セ@ 7JT( ! I
w.ii セ@ セ@ yiff 7[['67111 # fffii "JTR セ@ fimcnr セ@ セ@ JTW-1pf # セ@ TfCfT #, 3th" rff 1fT'6(/T{ CfiT P/?iC セ@
I!R-"8f'-Trf( (<Ff._.W.if.) セ@ セ@ A}F M セ@ w セ@ セ@ ?=2/R w セ@ \ifRT セi@ Jf?:ji&rl l1T'af11 セ@ 31ffrttm 3RT
fchift Qヲtセ@ # fffii 7JT( セ@ W cit! 3icf; [セゥヲ@ fir#t I

セ@ セ@ fl, cit :Jrrgm セ@ CfiT q<R セG@ ?f2!7 RCfiT f.!ffoc セ@ I


'N セ@ セ@ -:r セ セ@ セ。ュ@ :n&<;tC:fdl >fflffr?f 11F{C{i 31m -4 ::rgm t 1
JrRl セ@ "3ff<l cf! 7JURT 5MijfiN cf! セ@ I セ@ CfiTCT -:rt{f fl, cit JTR セ@ Trf( cf! 7JURT cf! セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ 3iwff: セ@ TfCfT
P I Trf(M セ@ # &Tfft セ@ '§Jfl f[U "l/7 セ@ 3RT <!iT PTe セ@ # CfiTCT セ@ セ@ I

Question Paper Specific Instructi ons


Please read each ofthe following instructio ns carefully before attemptin g questions :
There are EIGHT questions divided in two SECTION S and printed both in HINDI and m
ENGLISH .
Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
Questions no. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining , THREE are to be attempted
choosing at least ONE from each section.
The number of marks carried by a question I part is indicated against it.
Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate which must be
stated clearly on the cover of this Question-c um-Answe r (QCA) Booklet in the space provided. No
marks will be given for answers written in a medium other than the authorized one.
Assume suitable data, if considered necessary, and indicate the same clearly.
Unless and otherwise indicated, symbols and notations carry their usual standard meaning.
Attempts of questions shall be counted in chronological order. Unless struck off, attempt of a
question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the
answer book must be clearly struck off

( A-BRL-M- OIZA) 1
"@iT S A
SEC TIO N A

(a) セ@ セ@ セ@ fcR:fT セ@ fu セ@ セ@ セ@ rrRr セ@ セ@ セ@ om 6bluA'Q 00


ヲGセᆴ@ I

(b) l1R セrゥエコ@ セ@ セ@ sGMセ@ セ@ tf'm %li セ@ セ。Zᆪ@ セ@ CR セ@ セ@ セ@ セM@


セ@ tf セ@ I <:fic--q'"ll ch1Gitz セ@ sGMセ@ CflT cfi)uAll Wr at セ@ セ@ セ@
at = 2t "i - t 2"j + (2t + 4) セ@ " G@セ
セ@ t "fl1ilr セ@ am sGMセ@ -ij "fl1ilr t セ@ sャゥセm\Zヲ@
l:f{ <:fiUT Cfil iWfu セ@ ? セ@
イュャセ@

? = (t2 + 1) "i - 6 tj" + 4 t 3 k" .


cnfft3Tffffi:r セG@ t = 1 セ@ l:f{ qR<:fiR:i d 4}1 セ@ lZ I

(c) セ@ fen セ@ <:fiUT セb\Zヲゥャ@ ヲ」rュMウ[セャoih@ m0 , セ@ セ@ E o2fr セ@ 00 jt


セGア@
E2 = c2p2 + ュセ」T@

セ@ c セ@ セ@ -ij >rcnm Cfil Wr セ@ I

(d) セ@ セ@ セ@ セL@ セ@ セ@ セュ@ セ@ cヲIサゥセ@ 1 セ@ セ@ l"ffu セ@


31TCRff m;f t セG@ -m セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@
3WITl1 CfiT 11R "ffi(f @セ セG@ セ@ l:f{
Thfi セ@ $ セ@ BPlcf; -ij セ@ セ@ I g =9·8 ms - 2
<1m T = 0·5 s セ@ I
(e) セ@ Cf'41 セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ Gセ@ fchBT 301TR<:fi<:1 セ@ セ@ セ@ mm -q com CR
セGゥャB@
_セ・ョ@ セiFj@
」ヲIセエコ@ I セ@ セ@ ..J>cru 31TR<:fi<:1 セ@
セ_@
cnr セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ Lfftm セ@ セ@ Cfil1

Ans wer all the five par ts giv en below :


10x5=50
(a) Show that the kinetic energy and ani ula
r mo me ntu m of the torq ue free
mo tion of a rigi d body is con stan t.
10

[ A-BRL- M-Q IZA )


2
(b) Suppose that an S'-frame is rot ating with respect to a fixed frame
having the same origin. Assume that the angular velocity (j of the
S'-frame is given by
1\ 1\ II
ot == 2t i - t 2 j + (2t + 4) k

where tis time and the position vector ? of a typical particle at time t
as assum ed in S'-frame is given by
') 1\ 1\ 31\
? = Hエセ@ + 1) i -6 tj + 4 t k.
Calculate the Coriolis acceleration at t = 1 second. 10
(c) Show that a particle of rest mass m 0 , total energy E and linear
momentum It satisfies t he relation
E2 = c2p2 + ュセ」T@

where c is the velocity of light in free space. 10


(d) During an earthquake, a horizontal shelf moves vertically. If its motion
can be regarded simple harmonic, calculate the maximum value of
amplitude of oscillation so that the books resting on it stay in contact
with it always. Take g = 9·8 ms-2 and T = 0·5 s. 10
(e) Explain why information carrying capacity of an optical fibre can be
enhanced by reducing the pulse dispersion. How does one minimize
pulse dispersion using a graded index optical fibre ? 10

Q2. (a) セ@ セ@ q)Uf 1R wR セ@ セ@ maft セG@ セ@ セ@ fco Cf)Uf cfiT セ@ セ@ \l1l


セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セSゥャ@ CfiT 4lll\h(1 t 00&10 セ@ I
(b) セ@ m ch1Niq: fco セ@ Cf>UIT セ@ セRヲ@ セ@ セ@ 41(1fCl%\4 , \ill セ@ セPGTャQ[ヲ@ セ@
ュセ@ セ@ aJ;r -B t Slcfi1of'i cn1ur 90° セ@ 1 311R '3m Cf>1 セ@ 311W cfiT
ヲャセT\Q@ セ@ セ@ セ@ I
(c) セ@ セ@ m, NiflCfll セPGTャQゥ@ 0·1 kg '3m tfiT セ@ t -B セ@ Wr 100 ms-1 セ@
セ@ 'q\ 30° N SQセ@ 'q\ TTRr tfi1: WT セL@ '3'B 1R m wR セ@ アZ[ヲエセ@ セ@ セ@
セ@ t:fGq) Chl' q RCflR1 <1 セ@ I
(d) ctft..{':ii {C'q(<=(1{Uf CfiT セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ Hセ@ ヲゥセGZhI@ Chl'
VQイアセ@ ch1Niq: I
(a) If the forces acting on a particle are conservative, show that the total
energy of the particle which is the sum of the kinetic and potential
energies is conserved. 20
(b) Prove that as a result of an elastic collision of two particles under
non-relativistic regime with equal masses, the scattering angle will be
90°. Illustrate your answer with a vector diagram. 5
(,--A--8-R-L--
M--0-1-ZA
--..) 3
(c) Calculate the horizontal component of the Coriolis force acting on a body
of mass 0·1 kg moving nort hward with a horizontal velocity of 100 ms-1
at 30° N latit u de on the Earth . 15
(d) Derive the relativistic length contraction using Lorentz tr ansformation. 10

m2 = gk + ak3
セ@ g (f2ll a ヲ_セ@ セ@ I 、サャセ|ZT@ a @セ 'tfG} 'if セ@ HセI@ セ@ (f2ll セ@ セ@ セ@
セ@ セ@ >rrn 」ィQセア[@ 1 ro 3fu: k Z@セ en1un;q • 3fu: セM@ R{C'Md
セi@

(b) He- Ne 'Bm: (A = 630 nm) B セ@ 'chl' "Q\Cfi '8l0ll'"d{ fct;{olg\il セ@


0·2 x 10-3 m 'chl' "Q\Cfi セ@ fWt 1:R セ@ セ@ I 0·3 m 'chl' セ@ セ@ セ@ '3'm1 セ@
セ@ セ@ XャP\Qセ@G -q & セ@ 1:R Zウョゥ|StセlヲIサ@ fclClJTi m HセI@ m&Rr セ@ Tfm 1 セ@
1:R (i) Iヲセ@ セ@ RfRISd (f2ll (ii) >r2lll セ@ \3Rzl1Sd セ@ セ@ セ@ qf{ChWld セ@ I

(c) "Q\Cfi Gtfcls:fl;q GXャP、セ@ セ@ B セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@

'¥ (x, y, z, t) セ@ a cos [ セ@ kx + セ@ ky - rot J


qf\<=hRid 」ィャセq|@ "fCt; セ・ョ|Gᆴ@ x, y (f2lT z-31&it B "fCt;(RT cn1uT セ@ セ@ 1

(d) セ@ Jlfillffill o;4\ilcnl セ@ ュセ@ nwr 'chl' ヲ」tセ@ m Cf1l セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ 1

(a) The dispersion relation for deep water waves is given by


w2 = gk + ak3
where g and a are constants. Obtain expressions for phase velocity and
group velocity in terms of the wavelength A. w and k represent the
angular frequency and wave number, respectively. 5+10=15
(b) A parallel beam oflight from a He - Ne laser (A.= 630 nm) is made to fall
on a narrow slit of width 0·2 x lQ- 3 m. The Fraunhofer diffraction
pattern is observed on a screen placed in the focal plane of a convex lens
of focal length 0·3 m. Calculate the distance between the (i) first two
minima and (ii) first two maxima on the screen. 15

(A-BRL-M-QIZA) 4

....
(c) The displacement associated with a three-dimensional plane wave is
given by

'!' (x, y, z, t) セ@ a cos [;; kx + セ@ ky - rot J


Calculate the angles made by the propagating wave with the x, y and
z-axes. 10
(d) Explain the physical significance of resolving power of a grating with
relevant mathematical expression. 10

Q4. (a) セ@ COUT セ@ Cf>m セG@ セ@ SGQcィセ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ m セG@ \Jil ¥ 1R セ@ セ@


c€t セ@ セ@ t セ@ CR WT セ@ I ftr.& c(}) N1 Q; fcn セL@ セ@ セ@ o::!cl>li セ@ tmr セ@
セ@ アヲfセr」エ@ セ@ セ@ I

(b) セ@ c:nur セhfィャ@ = 4 X lo-27 kg t @セ cnun セ@ RlttR:ct Q) \ilTdl セ@


fcw:i-S::Olllil'i M
セ@ fcrw:r-S::04AH M1 = 3 x Io-27 kg <Tm M 2 = 1 x Io-27 ォァセ@ 1 セ@ @セ
Fn セ@ セ@ mriT -q セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ E1 am E 2 , セGゥャ@ E 1 = 3 E2 "Ch) セ@
crufT セ@ セ@ セ@ RlYtld "Rw セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ "lffu Cf){ セ@ セ@ I SGエャ」TAHセcィ@
ャ ャヲoゥ 、ャセ@ セ」]アヲオ@ セ@ I

(c) セ@ fcn セ@ HセcィrI@ (v 2 - _l_


c 2
02
8t 2
J f!R.-6s1
. ._.
サcセyゥ」エッェG@ セ@ セ@

(a) A particle describes a circular orbit under the influence of an attractive


central force directed towards a point on the circle. Show that the force
varies as the inverse fifth power of distance. 15
(b) A particle of rest mass M = 4 x lo- 27 kg, disintegrates into two particles
of rest masses M1 = 3 x 10-27 kg and M 2 = 1 x lo-27 kg. Show that the
energies E 1 and E2 of these two parts after disintegration satisfy the
condition E 1 = 3 E2 while moving in opposite directions with equal linear
momenta. Give necessary mathematical derivation. 15

(c) Show that the operator (v 2


- セ@ 32
] is invariant under Lorentz
c at 2
transformations. 20

(A-BRL-M-OIZA) 5
セb@

SE CT IO N B

Q5 . Rl"<i R1 fut d -,rift セ@ mTiT セ@ "3"fR セ@ :


(a) セ@ セ@ セ@ Mアヲエセ@ 31it& it, fil<'f1l!\s:n<:\ it B SJcllfc;d セ@ セ@ mn cRT
chl Nll!\ I 1lUR1

20 0Q

rn A
5V
60 Q

Q
4V
(b) セ@ RL C アヲオZイセ@M セ@ セ@ tP41Ch{Oilf{ foRm: chlWtl!\ ッュセ@
セ@ Mアヲエセ@ B, セ@ セ@ (Blffin:)
セ\YQ@ 1Wr t 」ヲゥャセA|@ :

c
) L

セ@ セ@ RL C BcヲオZイセ@ om セィh@w RL C アヲエセ@M セ@ "ffmftr fcmq セ@


B41Ch\OI セ@ m, セ@ セ@ -ey;IT it m L, C om
Q セ@ qセ@ m,
セ@ Q\ChBAH
セ@ RP Cf>l セ@ q[{Cfif8d セ@ I
セ@ t
(c) 1% 3lt5l11UfiTcf セ@ セ@ cn1 セMcヲャア@ ゥヲセ@ セ@
V 0 , GJGf Po "H セ@ セ@ セ@
SQ・ヲセ@ セ@ セ@ Vf "l!\Cf セ@
セゥエ@ Pf (f<;f) ficftf$d セ@ セ@ セ@
セQrwMュ@ セQwイ@ セ@
I

W = Cv (P rV r- P V
R 0 0)

セG@ セ@ Cv om R セ@ l1RCn SQセ@ セ@ I


( A -B RL -M -Q IZ A)
6
(d) セ@ cig ( icF><:11if<: ) @セ セ G@ 、ゥyiセrcヲャ@ 3("fi;Jf""J 1·2 X 10 3 kM・ョZセ@
セ@ I
@セ セ@ セ@ @セ fCTd: :O:kf!J'"l Cfi1 Sセヲg、@ 3 ("f!J '1 it セ@ q f{CfifBd
cf>1N=Jl{ I セゥエ@ 3=f1R qf{v iiJi c8- &11@011 <t)l)q: I
セ@ "A = 550 nm , kB = 1·3 8 x lo-23 JK- 1, h = 6·6 7 x lo- 34 Js Cf2ll
c =3 x 108 ms - 1.
(e) "QfF) セ@ セMBSエ]」ヲゥャ@ (e.m.) セ@ セ@ z-31&1 セ@ セ@ llffil il'"l セ G@ Cfil
セMF「イ@ セ@ Tf1n セ@
セ@
E = (E0 xxA + E 0 y Y)
A
sin (w t- kz + セIN@
:!エZセ」ヲゥャ@ セ@ l$r mo セ@ 1

An swe r all the five par ts giv en bel ow


:
10x 5=5 0
(a) In the circ uit dia gra m sho wn bel
ow, cal cul ate the cur ren t pas sin
thr oug h the mil liam me ter. g
10
200 Q

rnA
5V
60Q

Q
(b) Con sid er the equ atio n for a ser ies
RL C circ uit and com par e this to the
par alle l res ona nt circ uit sho wn bel ow
:
lz

c
) L

Cal cul ate the val ue of Rp if a ser ies


RL C circ uit and the par alle l RLC
circ uit are to hav e sam e equ atio ns
for the pot ent ial of cap aci tan ce whi
the y bot h hav e the sam e L, C and Q le
wit h Q bei ng the tota l cha rge .
l\
---8RL-
- --M--Q- IZ
-A--..
)
10
7
(c) A therm ally insul ated ideal gas is comp resse d quas i-stat
ically from an
initia l state with volum e V0 and press ure P to a final state
0 ofvo lume Vr
and press ure Pr. Show that the work done on the gas in
the proce ss is
given by

W =; (PrV r - P 0 V 0 )

wher e Cv and R havin g stand ard mean ings.


10
(d) In a tung sten filam ent lamp , therm ionic em1s swn takes
place at
1·2 x 103 K. Calculate the ratio of spon taneo us emis sion
to stimu lated
emis sion for non-d egen erate energ y level s. Inter pret
your resul t
physi cally .
Take /.. = 550 nm, kB = 1·38 x lo-23 JK-1, h = 6·67 x
10-34 Js and
c = 3 x 10 ms- .
8 1
10

(e) The elect ric field of a plane e.m. wave trave lling along the
z-axi s is
セ@ 1\
E = (E0xx 1\ •
+ EoyY ) sm (wt- kz + セIN@
Dete rmin e the magn etic field.
10

Q6. (a) セ@ セ@ LCR -crft:q2f efiT セ@ • w0 am セ@ セ@ セ@ CflRCfl Q セ@ I R,


w, w 0 am Q -&:> セ@ セ@ ヲオャア[L@セ セ@ (i) セ@ 11\ セュL@ (ii) 31Tqr-fi
セSti@ 11\ セュ@ セ@ (iii) rlfT 。ュセ@ 30!1C[M'411R セ@ セュ@ セ@ f!81<:n2:
セi@

(b) Pl 8 R1 ful <1 セ@ Wc:n - -Bmfuf ャZヲエイNセ@ 11\ 't:<lR セ@ :


L L

[A-BR L-M-Q I ZA]


8
(c) セMGsᄁQcエIHャ@ cfiT セ@ BCflC"Y<i i セ@ "Cfl1 セ@ セ@ セ G@ セ@ セ@ セG{cヲ@ p Cf>T セ@
7 1:R セMD@ セ@ セ@ セMFヲUイ@ Jt セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ 」ヲゥャウセ@ I

Cd) ABCD セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ + lo-11 c, - 2 x lo- 11 c セ@ lo- 11 c セ Z@


m B, C-a-m D 1:R W セ@ セ@ I
d セM M MN c@

3cm

A 1-L..-- -- -- -___JB
- - - - 4 ・ュMセ@
coR A 1:R fcMcf (f2IT 2 セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ cnT A (fCf) -ft セ@ # セ@ セ@ セ@ Cf>Tlf
cfiT TJURT cfi1!) c; I

(a) A series LCR circuit has resonant frequency w0 and a large quality
factor Q. Write down in terms of R, w, w0 and Q, its (i) impedance at
resonance, (ii) impedance at half-power points and (iii) the approximate
forms of its impedance at low and high frequencies. 15

(b) Consider the following coupled inductor- capacitor circuit:


L L

Calculate the ratio of the frequencies of tlie anti-symmetric and


symmetric modes Wa/W8 .

.
(G1ven k = LC,
1 k' - LCll J 10

[ A-BRL-M-QIZA I 9
(c) Using the fundamental concepts of electromagnetism, determine the
electric field of an electric dipole }i at a distance i and its energy in an
-+
elect ric field E . 15

(d) ABCD is a rectangle in which charges of+ 10-11 C, - 2 x 10-11 C and


10-11 Care placed at corners B, C and D, respectively.
D C

3cm

AL---L-- -- - -- -__JB
+---- 4 em----?
Calculate the potential at the corner A and the work done in carrying a
charge of 2 coulombs to A. 10

Q7. (a) Ci) セ@ ヲャaセ」エ^ L@ Thfr:r, 3i'Giftchl'4, 3ijJO¢Ichl'4 セ@ 3ifl!:filn アサャセBァ、@ m'£<:fll セ@
セ@ セ@ 2 セ@ セ@
D = E E = £0 n (x, y, z) E セL@

セ@ セ@ セ@ fcfl &tr E iri セ@ セMウ」ィャ\q@ (f{rr fil"i1Cf>{OI セ@ 1Fl1 セ@

V
2 セ@Eセ@ + 'V
(
セ@
1 セ@ V n 2 . Eセj@ - J.lo £ 0 n
2 aat2:g = 0.
2

(ii) '3$ fis:f)Cf){OI セ@ eクセ@ セ@ flAlCf>{OI R-Jfuic; I

(iii) セ@ セ@ セ@ "3B セcot@ SQセ@ 」ヲIrゥjセ@ セ@ Wl セ@ lif'£<:[11 -B


3ifl!:filA ュセ@ cfiT 3fu: セ@ セ@ I

(iv) fcnm 3i fl A jl 0 lif'£<:[11 ll "3kl chl '4 セ@ It セ@ fu"c; "3Bt )!CO["{ COT セ@
fJJ:flCf){O I >rrn セ@ I

(b) fcfim Q\CfiWil'i (lR, Mfl<tl セ@ L セ@ ZjQセ@ 。HAGセ@ fuU セ@ llV-T fcMcrRR
V m セ@。 mu iセ@ cfit セ@ @セ -4 m, セ@ 」エゥセrャ@ セ・ュZ@
q;l セ@ @セ >Tfu セ@ セ@ "ij セ@ <t'r TfURT chl Gi @セ I

[A-BRL-M-QIZA] 10
(a) (i) Considering an isotropic, linear, non-conducting, non-magnetic
and inhomogeneous dielectric m edium with
---7 ---7 2 ---7
D = E E =£ 0 n (x, y, z) E ,
---7
show that the electromagnetic wave equation for the field E is
given by

2 ---7
\1 E + \1
---7 ( .1 ---7 2 ---7J
n 2 \1 n . E - セッ@ Eon
2

。 Ot2セ@ =0. 15

(ii) Write down the scalar equation for Ex from the above equation. 5
(iii) Interpret physically the situation if we move from homogeneous
to an inhomogeneous medium. 5
---7
(iv) Obtain the similar vector equation for the magnetic field H in
inhomogeneous medium. 15

(b) For a uniform wire oflength Land radius a having a potential difference
V between the ends and a current I along it, calculate the energy per
unit time delivered to the wire by Poynting vector. 10

QS. (a) itB 3lCWn -q セ@ Bcrjセ@ COT Hg セ@ mm -q CfM "CJGf セ@


3754 セ@ -&.,. セ@ Q, セ@ "" 」ヲゥセ@ セ@ @セ セ@ 1-1 セ@
ln p = 23·03 - セ@ セGQ@ rriT TC"cF! 1-1 @セ I 0f セ@

セ@ Cf>T hァセ@ mm -ij セ@ セ@ セ@ ln p = 19·49- 3063


WU セ@ セ@ セ@ I
T
qf\cnfulct \ャセc_Z@ Ci) m セ@ セ@ pエセャゥ」ョL@ Hヲセ@ em m セ@ -en: C!1UH セ@ :fA"
セ@ I セ@ セ@ R4dicn R = 8·314 J mol-1 K-1 .

(b) -m -q, 60"tt セ@ cnr or:r- 20°C 111111 'FIT 1 セ@ 1 kg セ@ Chll00°C


uf;r -q セ@
-en: m1:f -q q f{q fdct セ@ rriT, W セ@ -q q f\Cl d<i "ffi(f cf)) セ@ C?; I セ@ lFfT セ@ セ@ セ@
セ@ セ@ mftcn 500 cal kg-1 K-1 t, セ@ cfi't :JH セ@ 3·36 x 10 5 J kg-1
t m1:f @セ :!H "3iUJT 2·26 x 106 J kg-1 セ@ Hヲセ@ J = 4·2 J cal-1 .
(c) 27°C 1R エョヲオャセ@ Cf>T !illl'"ldl セ@ 2 X lo-5 kg m-1 s-1 セ@ I qn:<:t>R-1<'1 セ@

(i) セ@ セ@ Hヲセ@ (ii) セrZゥTy@ セ@ Cf)T セL@ セ@ セ@ 11R B fu:; セ@


セcヲャ\Gゥ@ - セャHB\⦅GZゥp]エh@ セ@ cnr セ@ セ@ セ@ 1 セ@ TFIT セ@ セHBサGZャQTh@ Rllcticn
kB = 1·38 x.lo- 23 J K- 1 Hヲセ@ d)R-144 セ@ CfiT セoャG ャ BGャ@ = 6·67 X lo- 27 kg.

[ A-BRL-M -QIZA) 11
(d) N CfiiJT Rl{SlfdR5d エZセゥヲᆴ」Q@ COT LfTW1 cnB セ@ tf.:r セSヲエ@ if fctdf{d セ@ セ@ セ@
セイエ」ィQ@ セ@ セ@ £
1 = o, £ 2 = kBT 。セ@ £ = 2 kBT, |UQセ@ kB ᄁヲャセ\Z⦅jgh@ Rllcticn
3
セ@ I セ@ セ@ セ@ @セ @セ セ@ 1000 kBT t dl N COT 1iR qf{Cflf81cl
セi@

(a) The vapour pressure, in mm of Hg, of a substance in solid state is given


by the relation ln p = 23·03 - 3754 , where T is in Kelvin. The vapour
T
pressure, in mm of Hg, of the substance in liquid state is given by the
relation ln p = 19·49 - 3063 . Calculate (i) the coordinat es of the triple
T
point, and (ii) the latent heat of vaporisat ion at the triple point. Take
Gas constant R = 8·314 J mol- l K- 1. 15
(b) In Leh, temperat ure of ice on a cold winter night is measured as- 20°C.
Calculate the change in entropy when 1 kg of ice is converted into steam
at 100°C. Given specific heat capacity of ice is 500 cal kg- 1 K-1, latent
heat of ice is 3·36 x 105 J kg-1, latent heat of steam is
2·26 x 10 6 J kg- 1 and J = 4·2 J cal-1. 15
(c-) The coefficient of viscosity of helium at 27°C is 2 x 10-5 kg m-1 s-1 .
Calculate (i) the average speed and (ii) the diameter of a
helium molecule, if it 1s assumed that the gas obeys
Maxwell - Boltzman n distributio n. Given Boltzman n constant
23 1
kB = 1·38 x 10- J K- and mass of helium atom = 6·67 x 10-27 kg. 10
(d) N particles obeying Classical Statistics are distribute d among three
states having energies £ 1 = 0, E2 = kBT and £3 = 2 kBT, where kB is
Boltzman n constant. If the total equilibriu m energy of the system is
1000 kBT, calculate the value ofN. 10

( A-BRL-M-QIZA J 12
セャ@ fdefl HセMャ_ヲ@ II)
PHYSICS (Paper II)

(fill[ : <ftrr oqrit セゥcヲャZ@ 250


Time Allow ed: Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 250
セG[ヲア_@ ifi セ@ セt@
セ@ rエ\ゥTセQ@ セ@ セ@ "« セ@ セ@ セ@ セャエゥヲ@ セBᆱ」ゥt@ オエャセ」サア[@ セi@
am; セイヲ@ Cl1) セ@ セ@ 1t GTTGPFIT セ@ 3TR セ@ セ@ セ@ if ffi"tiPT<rr セ@ I
\3AilG<'li( Ci1) セ@ セ@ セイヲ@ セ@ \3m セ@ セ@ I
セMNイQ@ セ@ s セ@ セゥヲᆱ」ュイct|SMN@ 1
セ\イェ。ゥt@ セ@ ajq;- セ@ セ@ UllR セi@
セ@ w mezm ゥヲセ@ \ifR セ@ \ilT セオAiヲエィ\@ セ@ セ@ セ@ 1 セ@ セ@ セ\イM@ HqcaI M セ@ セ@

セi@
Fruffur セ@ 'R セ@ 'R セ@ セ@ セ@ I セ@ lllb<:m «N?f セゥヲ@ セ@ セ@ 'R 91W セ@ セ@

セ@ セ@ 'R, セ@ セ@ +rR セ@ セ@ CfiT セ@ セZ@ cg I


セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ <=ifuR 3fTlf eft\ Grセ@ ar4cwr セi@
cir{ セ@ qm <IT セt@ セ@ セ@ 'iffiiCfll セ@ セ@ -.r:rr セ@ セ@ セZ@ セBャヲ@ CfiT20 セ i@
セ@ mrff セ@ if ヲゥatセ@
Shii I<=Ct4 I m<r セtcヲャB@ セ@ セ@ セ@ ll4T, at mヲゥatセ@ セ@ CfiT20
セ@ -.r:rr セi@
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully befor
e attempting questions.
There are EIGHT questions divided into two SECTIONS and
printed both in lllND I and in
ENGLISH.
Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining,
THREE are to be attempted
choosing at least ONE from each section.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated
against it.
Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admi
ssion certificate which must
be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer
(QCA) booklet in the space
provided. No marks will be given for answe rs writte n in mediu
m other than the autho rized one.
Assume suitable data, if considered necessary, and indicate the
same clearly.
Unless and otherwise indicated, symbols and notations carry
their usual standard meaning.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the answer book
must be clearly struck off.
Attempts of questions shall be counted in chronological order.
Unless struck off, attempt of a
question shall be counted even if attempted partly.

1 a-brl-m-qizb
セmGQ\ᆪャ@ セ@ Constants which may be needed
Frclfu if セt@ CflT セH」I]@ 3 x 108 ュウセャ@ Velocity of light in vacu um (c) = 3 x 108 ms- 1
ゥヲセcQG@ CflT セPTsoiGQ@ (me) = 9·11 X lQ-31kg Mass of electron (me) = 9·11 X w-31 kg
GヲゥセBャ@ CflT 。wエセt@ (e)= 1·602 X 10- 19 C Charge of electron (e)= 1·602 X w-19 c
GエゥセヲQ@ CflT Fmn! セt@ Specific charge of electron

(;J セ@ 1·76 X 10 11 C kg- 1 (;J セ@ 1·76 x JOI 1 Ckg- •

1 u = 1 a.m.u. = 1·6605 X w-27 kg = 931·5 MeV 1u =1 a.m.u. = 1·6605 w - 27 kg = 931·5 MeV


X
GエゥセQ@ cfiT Rl<ls:tl"lfm セPTウZエャGQ@ セ@ (mec2) = Rest mass energy of electron (mec 2) =
0·5110 MeV 0·5110 MeV
セ@ an<mT ゥヲセ@ (Eo) = Permittivity in free space (Eo)=
8·8542 X w- 12 C 2N-
'm-2 8·854 2 x 1o-12 C2N-lm-2
セ。ョ\ュtGBャゥHir、@ (.u0 )=4 nx w -1 N A-2 Permeability of free space Guo) =4n X w - 7 N A -2
セHrI@ = 8·31 4Jm oi-1 K- 1 Gas constant (R) = 8·314 J moi- 1 K-1
4}<-"<_'iti:l'i セ@ I0-23 J K-1
(k8 ) = 1·381 Boltzmann const ant (k
X
8
= 1·381 x 1o-23 J K - 1
)

セ@ セ@ (h)= 6·626 x w -34 1 s Planck constant (h)= 6·626 x 1o-34 J s


w-341 s
(tz) = 1·0546 x (n) = 1·0546 x w-34 1 s
セ@ セ@ Gus) = 9·274 x w-24 1 1 1 Bohr magneton Gus) = 9·274 x Io-24 J 11
セ@ セ@ HセI@ = 5·051 x w-27 rr-' Nuclear magneton セI@ = 5·051 X w -27 J 11
セH。I]@ 1/13 7·035 99 Fine structure cons tant (a)= 1/13 7·035 99
"SftiR <liT S::OlP""IH (Mp) = 1·0072766 u= Mass of proto n (Mp) = 1·0072766 u =
1·6726 X 1o-27 kg 1·6726 X 1o-27 kg
セ@ CflT セPTsoiGQ@ (Mn) = 1·0086652 U Mass of neutron (MJ = 1·0086652 u
= 1·6749 X 1o-27 kg = 1·6749 X IQ-27 kg
セャHGゥ@ CfiT セPTsoiGBQ@ (Md) = 2·013553 u Mass of deuteron (Md) = 2·013553 u
a-CfiUT CflT セPTウZエャGQ@ (Ma) = 4·001506 u Mass of a-par ticle CMa) = 4·00 1506 u
12
6
c CfiT セPTウZエ\Q@ =12-oooooo u Mass of 12
6
c = 12·000000 u
16
0 CfiT セPTsoiGQ@ = 15·994915 u Mass of
16
0 = 15·994915 u
8 8
87
Sr CfiT- =r>"TTT
セPTウZエャGQ@
":T
= 86·99999 u Mass of
87
38 Sr = 86·99999 u
38
4
2 He CfiT セPTウZエャGQ@ = 4·002603 u 4
Mass of 2 He = 4·002603 u

a-brl-m-qizb
2
m. ' Cfi,
1. (Cfi) セidBヲcャut@ セoャKゥQ@ セfイエrオ」ヲゥャ@ セゥヲL@ qf-( 0 11S:tf if± 20 I11e \ャゥtセ@
セヲオMュL@ セ@ II1e セF|oヲD[@ l'i セoャKゥ@ 1'i セ@ I CfiiJT $ セ M "Cfil(1 CflT セ@ セ@ I 10

(\g) cヲゥセ@ セ@ セ@ BCfli<Ch c€T L= 7xp セ\ャゥt@ セ セKQ\@ セ@ セN@


セゥcヲャGQ@ セ@ [ Lx, Ly] 10
HセI@ qャセ|jfQ@ wnuJ c€T Hkid+i 6lCWIT if セFAcヲャQ@ $ セN@ SH."ll+ilr4'l'fd セ@ 'lWFf HkiRIRctd GRT
セZ@

1 Mセ@
!ff(r)= セ・@
G|ェQwセ@
セ@ a 0 セ@ セ@ Cflm cfit セ@ セ@ I Hkid+i 3l"CW4T if, 9lzTrr セ@ r0 ¢ セ@ セ@ M セ@ ¥i€'lct?(l'i
セ@ @セ \ifR @セ 91f4Chdl CfiT qf'(Cf1<1'1 セi@ 10
('Ef) n.= 3 @セ セ@ fcrfm;r セtヲ@ if ¥i&l<f?(H fcRr 9"CflR セ@ PtaRa セ@ セ@ ? セ@ 」`Mセイ@ if セGャ」エD[Q\N@
セゥヲwQ@ 10.
(s-) 31N hMセ@ (HI) 。ャ、H\」ィセ@ セュ・イ@ c8 セゥヲ@ CfliT セ@ H<:fil<'ld セ_@
10
2. (C11)
V= Va

0 X

セ@ セ@ if セ@ E> V0 セ@ Q\Cf)M+l セ@ 'lWFf M セ@ tR q)lJjf セ@ 'C1;Cli ヲ」ィ\ッゥセ|jエ@ $ 3W1d<f


c8 pエ ᄋ] ッrセ@ iyNゥIセTr@ (im<:fi<:OI \ャゥtセ@ am:: q(lctd'<i 。ュZセ@ '!ml
セi@ 30
((3) E---+ Vo セ@ E---+ oo セ@ セ@ q(lctcH セ@ cfit CfliT m+mt セ_@ 10
HセI@ セ@ P\ev P 。ヲゥZe\oGrBセャ@ 10
3. (Cfi) ャセ|jエGゥ@q セ@ $ ESR セ@ セ@ セN@ セ@ :qiR Awn$ BW, セ@ セ@ セ@ 3iR セ@
BSfl+JOfl cfit セi@ 30
((3) CfliT CflRUT セ@ fch C02 31UJ ゥヲセ@ altt セ@ セ@ lJ,Cfl セ@
@セ セ@ @セ セ@ ? 10
(71") セrャア\KjioZヲゥ@ SQujセHャヲotゥL@ セ@ 4·86, 8·14 セ@ 11·36cm- 1 セ@ 13fl1l
セL@ B 。ヲエ|セcゥtア\FGQ@ セi@
Hセィ@ 27 10
= 6·626xlo- J.s, C = 3·0x10 em/sec.) 10
4. (Cfi) アHKゥャ P 」ゥIセ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ c@- 3
P 2 セ@ 2
D 512 セ@ \JlTdT セi@ L, S 3iR 1 セ@ lfR
cp:rr セ@ ? 10
((3) エQヲUセャゥ@ D セ@ cfit セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ 2
1 P attt 2
s セ@ セ@ ;sft:q bsヲャKセ。ョᄋ@ セ@ CflRUT
D1 3iR D 2 セ@ 25

3 a-brl-m-qizb
(1f) セ@ fcf> セB_ゥャ|jfQ@ セ@ セ@
cfiT セBQ@ セ@
Q セ W I@ c mar セ@
Cfllfff it
. セt@ CfiT セi@
CfiT (
セ@ c
Hセ@ セcヲ_[ャTQ@ セt@ = 1·602x10- 19C セ@
セヲオ[rイ@ = 8·85x10- 12 C 2N - 1m -2 ) セ@ 6·63x1o-34 J.s,
15
ュセ@
. ' '
5. (Cfl) セ@

Zウ・HセhL@ n)':c it Q-+wr CflT qf.<q;(1<1 セZ@


セZ@ 10

セc^アャBゥ\Q@ Hセb・I@ =9·01283 u


セッゥZャh@ Hセh・I@ = 4· 00 26 03 u

セcャアPQG@ cセ」I@ = 12·000 u


セc^アャBゥG@ (n) = 1-0086652 u
HセI@ Hs:<iRIR9a セ@ セ@ セ@
7
Li, 12
C, 170 @セ 27
q) ) セ@ cmr セ@ cfiT Hs:<Jaii 31c1Bn it, セ@
Al セ@ セG@ WRr Hs:<idl"i
qf {q ;w i セ@ 3lCWIT セ@ セ@
I セ@ セ@ セ@
エcャヲ\[Aゥh。セ_@
Hs:<i<1Si 3lCWIT CfiTofm m セ@ セ@ アIセt@ セ@ セ@ 3ITCTR tR
CfiT

(1f) u d s セYヲ。Mゥエ@ 10
セゥヲャュ@ lz, yセ@
e4l\il<1 it GRT Ci) セ@ S cヲゥBtセ@ iセ@
セ@ Cii) セ@ cfiT セ@ セ@ セ@ ?
HセI@ 10

X
y
セュゥエ@
<r4T セ@ 1 セ@ tmR セNア[ェGャ@
セi@ セ@ セ。\ャ、」T@ セ@ セ@

(s-) セ@ 10
|S」エセT\ィ@ セ@
セ@ セ@
1l セ@ mu セゥ@ Nt("C{ セ@ ・Aャゥセcィ@ セ@ Cfif 3ffficT セ@
I セ@ CflT セエ。ゥャF@ セ@ セL@ afR セ@
セ@ セ@ fcf> fcfitr 9"CflR ?;iM("C< CfiT セM。ヲエ\イ@
セ@ aR tR セ`@ l"i I(1 fchm \ilT BCflC1T セ@ I m
10
a-brl-m-qizb
4
6. ( q;-) {3-w:r 1T wrcrr セ@ Cl1T セ@ セ@ 1cruf.:r セ@ fcfi 6°Co セ@ セゥヲ@ Bli<iT |Sセ@ セ\Q@ fcR:r m
9141 rl <tid: アセGゥャ@ HI lfliT セ@ Q:B- %ffi セ@ w:r 9Sfilf Gャゥtセ@
I セ@ m GSセB\fQ@ tfTliT
セ@ t- 1 . 20
(\.Cf) \セTャJヲウエQ@ セ・ヲエ@ <tlli\ill( 3lr41<4fshlll 1r セ・ヲエ@ セキ。イ_@
CfliT eRr
$!14l fTlq; セ@ Cl1T セ@ セ@ 1
15
HセI@ HkiRIKctd セゥヲL@ セャ\エHo i@ セ@ セ@ セ@ fcfi CfliT セ@ セG@ fcrwr-i<SichlllllT Chii'ill(
31 '41 <4 fshlll セ@ mu 3lTil- セ@ セ@ m fcfi セ@ セ@ セ@ :
(i) n+ -7 f.l+ + vJl.
(ii) p -7 n + e + + Ve
(iii) P + rc- -7 K+ + };-
15
1. \セI@ セ@ 1r セ\エケイゥ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ u セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ Ffi セ@
3ltf - 'tffi1'Cf) # tfilff セ@ セ@ セ@ セ@ l1V1 if 。イセ@キ I 300 K 1R セcヲ_[ャGゥ@ セGャゥt@ wrR
セ@ セ@ セ@ qROIISil. 'liT セャゥF@ セi@ Hセ@ fcfi Eg = 1 eV alR fcfi セcヲ_[h@ alR fcr:R セ@ '
fcm+r S!:O!:Ili 1'1 IIle am: ffih セI@ 20
(\.Cf) Tc- ャokセtゥヲ@ SヲオZセ@
3lfd=c:tl&tCfl Cl1T Hk1Rif@a セョッイ|ゥヲ、tZ@
(i) 3l'J91ttl ]エェ[gャ\ィセ@ セ@ セ@ 3ftfR 4 K aq;- セ@ セ@ \ifTdT セi@
(ii) 4 K aq;- <m セ@ セ@ t- aiR セ@ セ@ ]エェ[gャ\ィセ@ $r セ@ \ifTdT t- I
セiduL@ セゥヲgャ\ィQ@ DイセcヲI@ I 15
HセI@ セヲ」エャbG|cH P Q@ Vx J= - -1-B or j = - -- A
セ@ c セ@

ヲNャッaセ@ Tイ」aMセ@
ii セH@ m 'd"Cfl セ@ セ@ セ@ 1
15
8. (Cfl)

70pf I c, L
20 J.l.H
20 pf c2

セfヲゥ」ィエイュ@ Gャゥセュ@ wヲIcjtセL@ セ@


CfiT セゥmエ」\@ セ@
f.mfur セ@ セャゥFエ@ セ@ セ@ 3iR セ@ 9fsmT Cf)) セ@ セ@ 1 w セ@ セ@
. セ@ eRr セ@ CfliT セ@ ?
25
(\.Cf) (fR セ@ A, B aiR C Cf)) セ@ セ@ セ@ 3fu: セ@ セ@ RR セ@ afu: セ@ セ@ em: tR CJW1
セ@ セ@ セ@ l% セ@ セ@ セ@ Sャ|」ッセg N@ <it mft セ@ セ@ セ@ セG@
1 エセr。@ セ@
セ@ am: fl C4 SiJ <1 flRUfT <it セイヲオq[@ I 25

5 a-brl-m-qizb
SECTION 'A '
1. (a) In a series of experiments
on the determination of the
elementary particle, the result mass of a certain
s showed a variation of ± 20
electron mass. Estimate the Ille. where Ille is the
lifetime of the particle.
10
(b) Using the definition セ@ セ@ ᄋ セ@
L = r x p of the orbital an
gular momentum operator,
evaluate [ Lx , Ly].
10
(c) Th e normalized wave fun
ction for the electron in the gro
und state of the hydrogen
r
atom is given by IJI (r) = セ@ 1 - ilQ
e
Mケョ。セ@
where a0 is the radius of the
first Bohr orbit. Calculate the
the electron within a distance probability of finding
r0 of the proton in the groun
(d) How are electrons d state. 10
distributed in the various sub
quantum numbers for the ele -sh ell s for n = 3 ? Give the
ctrons in the second shell.
(e) What do you underst 10
and by H-one (HI) interstellar
to understand the universe. clouds and their importance
·
2. (a) 10

V= PO

0
X

Consider a beam of particles


incident on a one-dimensiona
with energy E> V as shown l step function potential
0 in the above figure. Solve the
and obtain expressions for the Schrodinger equation
reflection and transmission co
(b) What are the limits of efficients. 30
the reflection coefficient for
E -7 Vo an d E -7 oo ? 10
(c) Discuss the cases 0 < E
< V0 an d E < 0.
10
3. (a) With proper selection
rules, construct the energy
transitions for ES R spectrum level diagram and allowed
of hydrogen atom.
(b) Why are Raman act 30
ive vibrations and infrared
complementary to each other vibration s in C02 molecule
?
(c) In a Raman spectrum of 10
a linear triatomic ·molecule, the
8·14 and 11· 36 cm- 1. Calcu ftr st three lines are 4·86,
late the rotational constant,
.inertia of the molecule. B and the moment of
(Given h = 6·626x10- 27J.s,
C = 3·0x10 10 em/sec.)
10
a-brl-m-qizb
6
4. (a) The term symbol for atomic states are
quoted as 3P2 and 2D • Wh at are the
values of L, San d J? 512

(b) Discuss the fine structure of sodium D line


10
. Dra w D 1 and D lines due to the
tran sitions between 2P and 2S levels. 2
· 25
(c) Show that the velocity of elec tron in
the first orbit of hydrogen atom is (-1
-) C
whe re C is the velocity of light. (Gi 137
ven electronic charge = 1·60 2x1 0- 19
Planck Constant 6·63x10- 34 J.s, perm C
ittivity = 8·8 5x1 0-12 ClN -lm -2 )
15
SECTION 'B'
5. (a) Calculate the Q-value of.t he rea ctio n:
10
9Be(4He, n)12C

セ@
4 2 6
Giv en:

I Mass (!B e) = 9·01283 u

Mass (;He) = 4·0 026 03 u

Mass ・セ」I@ = 12·000 u


Mass (n) = 1·00 866 52 u
(b) Write down the nucleonic configuration
of, 1Li, 12 C, 170 and 27Al in the ground
state of the nuclear shell mo del and
hence calculate the corresponding gro
state angular momenta and parities. How und
do the observed ground state angular
momenta and parities agree with those
predicted on the basis of shell model
?
(c) Sta te the quantum numbers Iz, Y and S 10
for the u d s quarks and antiquarks. Wh
combination of these leads to the form ich
ation of (i) proton and (ii) neu tron ?
10
(d)
z
2c

X y
A crystal pla ne is shown in the abo
ve figure. Find its Miller indices and
interplanar spacing .
(e) _ Dra w and explain the collector 10
characteristics of a bip olar junction tran
common emitter configuration. Using sistor in
the plot, explain how the transistor can
used as an ON-OFF switch. be
10

7
a-brl-m-qizb
6. (a) Explain parity violation in {3-decay. Descr ibe how parity violat
ion was experi-
. mentally detected in the decay of 6°Co. Ment ion any other decay
process in which
the parity violation has been demonstrated.
20
(b) What is the role of neutrino in the weak interaction
of radio active nucli des?
Explain the experimental detection of neutrino.
15
(c) In the following reactions indic ate with an explanation
, whether they proce ed by
strong, electromagnetic or weak interaction or they are forbid
den :
(i) 1r+ ---7 f.l + + VJ1

(ii) p ---7 n + e + + ve
(iii) P + 1r - ---7 K+ + :E-
15
7. (a) Starting with the expression for the density of states for electr
ons in a band, show
that the Ferm i energy of an intrinsic semic onduc tor is at the midd
le of the band gap.
Use these results to estimate the electr on density at 300 K (Assu
ming Eg = 1 eV and
the rest masses of electron and hole as Ille and mh).
20 ·
(b) A perfe ct conductor and a superconductor with Tc
- 10 K are subje cted to the
following conditions :
(i) cooled under applied magn etic field to 4 K
(ii) cooled to 4 K and then magn etic field is applied
with schematic diagrams, explain path of magnetic field
lines in all these
situations.
15
{
(c) Show that the Lond on equation セ@ V' セ@ 1 セ@ セ@
x J = - - - B or j = - - - A
c セ@ (I
ヲNャッaセ@ 4n-Ai
leads to the Meiss ner effect.
15
8. (a)

70pf I c, L
RPセ@
20 pf c2

Expla in how the circuit show n above can be a source of


oscillations. Use this
circu it to construct a transistor oscillator and explain its work
ing. What is the
frequency of oscillations of this circu it? .
25
(b) Construct a digital circuit to add three bits A, B and C and provi
de their sum and
carry as outputs. Show appropriate Boole an expressions and
truth table to justif y
the outputs.
25
a-brl-m-qizb
8

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