A business information system is a group of interrelated components that work collectively to carry out input, processing, output, storage and control actions in order to convert data into information products that can be used to support forecasting, planning, control, coordination, decision making and operational activities in an organisation. Fig. 13.6 Business System.= Operations information systems are generally concerned with process control, transaction processing, communications (internal and external) and productivity. = Management information systems provide feedback on organisational activities and help to support managerial decision making. Managerial decision making can occur at the operational, tactical and strategic levels of an organisation. Table 2.1 Categories of computer-based information systems Operations information systems Management information systems Transaction processing systems Process control systems Office automation systems Decision support systems Information reporting systems Executive information systemsExecutives Senior Managers Middle Managers Workers, Executive Information Systems Decision Support Systems Management Information Systems Transaction Processing SystemsOffice automation systems Transaction processing systems Process control systemsTRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM (TPS) o A type of information system that collects, store, modify & retrieve the transactions of an organization. o TPS features : » Rapid response o Fast performance with a rapid response time is critical. » Reliability o Organizations depends heavily on TPS, failure rate must be low. « Inflexibility transaction to be processed in the same way regardless the » Controlled processing o Processing in TPS must support an organization’ s operation. Oo4 i Types of Information systems x retro) eee senate UES| Types of Business Information Systems - Functional Perspective = Sales and Marketing Systems = Manufacturing and Production Systems = Finance and Accounting Systems = Human Resources SystemsFigure 3.1 Basic hardware components of a computer system PC hardware systemUnits of data measurement The capacity of a storage device is often measured in terms of kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes. The following may help readers to understand these units. = Abit is a single binary digit and represents a 0 (zero) or a 1. The bit is the smallest unit of measurement. = A byte is made up of eight bits and represents a value between 0 and 255. A byte can be thought of as the amount of space required to hold a single character. = A kilobyte (kb) is approximately 1000 bytes, or the equivalent of 1000 characters. = A megabyte (Mb) is approximately 1000 kb, or the equivalent of one million characters. = A gigabyte (Gb) is approximately 1000 Mb, or the equivalent of one billion characters. = A terabyte (TB) is approximately 1000 GbStorage medium Speed Cost: Capacity Permanency Magnetic tape Very slow Very low ‘Very high No Hard disk drive Very Fast Low Very high No CD-ROM Slow Low Low Yes Flash Memory Fast Medium Low No Memory Very fast High Low NolyesUser documents A spreadsheet = ---— Microsoft | wet “Se seFigure 5.2 Components of a client/server system Server Telecoms Network server channels and media Client Network‘Star-configured bus