ANAEROBIC

RESPIRATION
http://www.fshn.chhs.colostate.edu/students/undergraduate/fermentation-science/
http://www.agro-biosciences.com/food-wellness/power-of-fermentation
https://www.fix.com/blog/health-benefits-of-fermented-foods/
 OXIDATIVE = ATP
PHOSPHORYLATION

TWO MECHANISMS WHEREIN CELLS CAN

GENERATE ATP WITHOUT OXYGEN:

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION FERMENTATION

- Prokaryotes in environment without
oxygen
- No Electron Transport Chain
- Other electronegative
substances act as electron - No oxygen
acceptor - ATP generation by Substrate
- Sulfate Ions — H2S Level Phosphorylation

https://www.fix.com/blog/health-benefits-of-fermented-foods/
 LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
GOAL: TURN PYRUVATE TO LACTATE
LOCATION: CYTOPLASM

NO CO2 RELEASE

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA CARRY OUT

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L.
bulgaricus)
Streptococcus thermopilus (S.
thermopilus)
NET YIELD:
2 ATP
2 LACTATE
Figure 1. Lactic Acid Fermentation. The process of
2 NAD+ converting a glucose molecule into two pyruvate
and eventually into two molecules of lactate.
 APPLICATION:
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
Lactobacillus spp.
Lacto - Milk / Lactose
Bacillus - Rod shaped bacteria

DAIRY, CHEESE, YOGURT,

PICKLED FOODS
100 100
x x
 IN THEBODY
BUT
BUILD UP OF
LACTIC ACID
LACK OF OXYGEN MAY LEAD TO
= MUSCLE SPASM
MUSCLE CELLS MAKE
ATP BY LACTIC ACID OXYGEN IS
FERMENTATION REQUIRED TO
GET RID OF
‘BACK UP PLAN’ EXCESS LACTIC
ACID
AEROBIC

CARBON + WATER + ENERGY

GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
DIOXIDE
ANAEROBIC

GLUCOSE LACTIC ACID + ENERGY

 ALCOHOL FERMENTATION
GOAL: TURN PYRUVATE TO ETHANOL
LOCATION: CYTOPLASM

TWO STEP PROCESS

CO2 IS RELEASED
MICROORGANISM CARRY OUT
ALCOHOL FERMENTATION IN
ANAEROBIC ENVIRONMENT

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S.

cerevisiae)

NET YIELD: Figure 2. Alcohol fermentation. The two-step

process of converting a glucose molecule into two
2 ATP pyruvate and eventually into two molecules of
2CO2 ethanol.
2 ETHANOL GLUCOSE ETHANOL + CO2 + ENERGY
2NAD+
 APPLICATION:
ALCOHOL FERMENTATION
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)
Saccharo - Sugar
Myces - Yeast/ Fungi
FIRST FOUND ON GRAPES
SKIN

ALSO CALLED BREWER’S

YEAST/ BAKER’S YEAST
1000x