Ivander N.
Cañero Philippine History
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LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM ACTS SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES
The Philippine Rice Share
Tenancy Act They have penalties RA No. 4054 was
(RA No. 4054) established by president
Agricultural Tenancy Act They have limitations Manuel L. Quezon in
(RA No. 1199) 1933, under the
Land Reform Act They have flaws Commonwealth Period.
(RA No. 1400) The Purpose of RA No.
Agricultural Reform Code Payment by beneficiaries 34 was to regulate the
(RA No. 3844) share-tenancy contracts
Presidential Decree 27 The relation between by establishing minimum
Comprehensive Agrarian Law Landlords and tenants standards.
(RA No. 6657) Primarily, the Act
CARPer Law Prohibited acts and provided for better
(RA No.9700) Omissions tenant-landlord
relationship, a 50–50
They have Support sharing of the crop,
Services regulation of interest to
10% per agricultural
year, and a safeguard
Rights and Obligations of
against arbitrary
Tenant.
dismissal by the landlord.
Ra No. 1199 was
established in 1954. Ra
No. 1199 is an Act to
govern the relationship
between landholders and
tenants of agricultural
lands.
The purpose of this Act
to establish agricultural
tenancy relations between
landholders tenants upon
the principle of social
justice; to afford
adequate protection to the
rights of both tenants and
landholders; to insure an
equitable division of the
produce and income
derived from the land; to
provide tenant-farmers
with incentives to greater
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and more efficient
agricultural production;
to bolster their economic
position and to encourage
their participation in the
development of peaceful,
vigorous and democratic
rural communities.
RA No. 1400 was
established in 1955.
An Act defining a land
tenure policy, providing
for an instrumentality to
carry out the policy, and
appropriating funds for
its implementation.
RA No. 3844 was
established by President
Diosdado Macapagal in
1963. An act to ordain
the agricultural land
reform code and to
institute land reforms in
the Philippines, including
the abolition of tenancy
and the channeling of
capital into industry,
provide for the necessary
implementing agencies,
appropriate funds
therefore and for other
purposes. The Purpose of
RA No. 3844 is to make
the small farmers more
independent, self-reliant
and responsible citizens,
and a source of genuine
strength in our
democratic society.
Presidential Decree 27
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was
Established by President
Ferdinand Marcos in
1972. Decreeing the
emancipation of tenants
from the bondage of the
soil, transferring to them
the ownership of the land
they till and providing the
instruments and
mechanism therefor.
The decree provides that
tenant-farmers in all
private agricultural lands
primarily devoted to rice
and corn were deemed
owners of the lands they
were tilling.
RA No. 6657 was
established by President
Corazon Aquino in 1988.
It is the redistribution of
private and public
agricultural lands to help
the beneficiaries survive
as small independent
farmers, regardless of the
“tenurial” arrangement.
Its goals are to provide
landowners equality in
terms of income and
opportunities, empower
land owner beneficiaries
to have an equitable land
ownership, enhance the
agricultural production
and productivity, provide
employment to more
agricultural workers, and
put an end to conflicts
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regarding land
ownership.
RA No. 9700 was
established by President
Gloaria Macapagal
Arroyo in 2009. An
amendatory law that
extends again the
deadline of distributing
agricultural lands to
farmers for five years.
My own Land Reform act: The Farmer Act
This act provides the following services:
1. Training
2. Support
The Act provides solution to these following problems that Filipino farmers are facing right
now:
a) They lack basic skills in farming. Many are not educated or are only elementary graduates.
b) Good fertilizers, pesticides and seeds are imported from other countries, making them very expensive and
unaffordable for the lowly farmer.
c) The government has not developed a good infrastructure for farmers (i.e. farm-to-market roads, irrigation
system, drying facilities and milling centers, etc.).
d) Most of our farmers do not own the land they till. They cannot maximize the use of the land that results in
low income. And since they are just tenants, some landowners require a 50-50 share of the product, thus
leaving only half of the produce to the farmers.
e) Farmers have difficulty in financing their farming endeavors due to the high rates of borrowing
institutions. And when harvest time arrives, the money from the sale is only enough to pay their debts and
nothing is left for them. Sixth, farmers lack protection from the middlemen who take advantage of their
weaknesses. The middlemen buy their products at a very low cost and the Department of Agriculture
always seems to be turning a blind eye on these culprits.
