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PROBABILISTIC PROGRAMMING: A REVIEW FOR

ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLERS

Abstract
The development process for an environmental model involves
multiple iterations of a planning-implementation-assessment cycle.
Probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) are designed to expedite this process
with general-purpose methods for implementing models, efficiently inferring
their parameters, and generating probabilistic predictions. Probabilistic
programming exists at the intersection of Bayesian statistics, machine learning,
and process-based modelling and therefore can be of value to the environmental
modelling community. In this review article, we explain how it can be used to
accelerate model development and allow for statistical inference using more
complicated models and larger data sets than previously possible. Specific
challenges and limitations to employing such frameworks are also raised. We
provide guidance to help modellers decide whether incorporating probabilistic
programming in their work may improve the efficiency and quality of their
analyses.

Keywords: Bayesian statistics, Parameter estimation, Uncertainty


quantification, Probabilistic programming

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