TEK’ COMPLIANCE TEST SOLUTIONS.I I I I I I I svemtest Conducted immunity testing Transients Power anomalies Magnetic fields Conducted low frequencies ESD testing Harmonics & Flicker measurements Electrical and electronic ‘component testing AMETEK COMPLIANCE TEST SOLUTIONS —==@ THSEO. Conducted immunity testing _/_ Solid state high power ESD testing amplifiers up to 6 GH2 for: Radiated immunity testing EMC testing Radiated emission testing Communications testing Conducted emission testing Medical diagnosties Amplifierfor EMC applications testing upto 18 GHz || Defense components GTEM cells component testing Reverberation chambers RF system solutions J CW, Pulse & Gridded TWT amplifiers J CW, Pulse & Blanking Solid State amplifiers / From 4 kiz to 40 GH2 | ForMilitary, Avionics and EMC applications J EWand outdoor ruggedized amplifiers 1 HIRE amplifier systems / Customized solutionsTable of content Immun EN 6300044 fettanvents Bur) m nmi E461000 candace msl duran (iw) us Immun EN6100045 higher sumecamen a mmunyEv61000431- Radi saninenptonsandvotagevraions ag Immun Ev6100043 Radatesiotevenyelevomapntied 6200033: Lntatonaf ge canes volage canton adhe pic wage supp tens 278 asoeneteneni a Definition ,EMC* sctromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) EMC is defined as “The ability of an equipment or system (or installation) to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment.” Electromagnetic compatibility therefore has two requirements: = Toensure that emissions of electromagnetic disturbances are limited to a sufficient degree + Toensure that equipment has a sufficient level of immunity to maintain adequate performance in the presence of the electromagnetic disturbances to which itis, subjected. AMETEK:Legal regulation The CE marking certifies that a product has met the minimum requirements of EC. The CE mark is not a quality mark rather, it indicates conformity to the legal requirements of the EU Directives. a : Aepliatin othe EHC directive Secancteaniee er fence 20041066, oD easeProcedure of confirmity evaluation for apparatus a) ANNEX ‘ANNEX module module B: EU.type examination by the notified body Inter production control, ImaduleC: Conformity on the basis ofthe intemal production contol by —— oe ‘Types of standards Basic Standards 1EC61000-4-2/-3 ..., EN61000-4-2/-3..., CISPR16... Product Standards EN55014-2, EN55024, EN61547, EN61326- Generic Standards £N61000-6-1, €N61000-6-2, €N61000-6-3, EN61000-6-4, €N61000-6,.The basic standard ‘The Basic-Standard describes: + the phenomena + thetest simulator ‘+ the necessary test setup for the execution of the test ‘The basic standard can be an international, European or national one ‘and is without obligation. Commitments are agreed between user and supplier. Tamanty Foweraity | Wild ‘eonacediy | onduced if ‘The product standard ‘The product standard + meets special requirements of certain products regarding their operation during ‘measurement and the evaluation of thelr malfunction. + precedes the basic standards and the generic standards without being contradictory to them. + can describe special limit values or amended tests.‘The generic standard The generic standard describes: * the requirements for emission and immunity under consideration of the environmental conditions. ‘Ageneric standard is mainly composed of definitions ofthe terms tha: are important for the evaluation ofthe electronics to be tested. For each test method only one limit value, that has to be adhered to ata certain assessment criterion, is permitted, Generic standards are applied ifno product standard is applicable for this product. ‘Resident and commerdalaren a wellas[ndustial ave ‘Sallompanies, Tnission ‘61006-63:2007 HAyeH ae Requirements on measuring receivers according to CISPR Essential key facts of measuring receivers to be compliant to CISPR: ‘= Pre-selection at H-input ‘+ Large dynamic range according to ,CISPRI6 (Adherence of 1d8 ~ compression point at large signal), + Recognition of oversteering * Evaluation by Quasi-Peak-, Peak- and Average-Detectors + 6dB IF-bandwidth forthe relevant measuring field Frequency range Bandwidth, Reference Bandwidth ‘Die— 150 kHe Band A To0H2—300H2 20H? (0.15 WH 30 Me Band 8) ‘die 10 Ke oe 30MH2 1000 Mie (Band Cund D) ToOKHa —500 KH 120K 1 GHz— 18 GH Gand 300 Ka 2 We Tiecteristics of measuring receivers according to CISPR Display modes of measuring receivers Depending on he evaluation othe measured wave shape tis ‘aifered beeen Peak value measurement (Ph) ‘0siPeakvaive measurement (QP) Repeat pho shady + gir dnd nd pute shape dst tee + eGo cet oo scan ine const cecum te average vale measurement tvs) 1 Speeasuenet cose fon disget euenese. expec te + MeSrreameaconene snowmen cnc ecomee FF $0"‘Measuring errors in connection with measuring bandwidth a hoa 4 w = 0 a asc i i wt a a LL ce + Sampling ofa Frequency range with step size according to bandwidth causes measuring eros. ‘The measuring enor mainly affects narrowband, discrete disturbances, * Only f1,& and f5 show acceptable measuring results. F2 and 3 show errors up tc 648. + Recommendation: Select step size with 0.538W. EMC Seminar Emission Interference VoltageUse of V-Artficial network ‘+The V-artificial network is used for disturbance voltage measurements on AC and DC supply tines. ‘The artificial network supplies the RFI of each line (excepto the measuring receiver. ‘The switching to the line to be measured is done manually or automatically in the artificial network. £) consecutively to +The artifical network is a defined load impedance (SOpH +5 Ohm)|| 50 Ohm or 50pH || 50 Ohm for the disturbance source of the measuring object. ‘+ The artificial network suppresses by a low-pass filter the disturbances from the supply network, Usually the decoupling attenuation Is »60dB. ‘+ Since the asymetrical disturbances should be measured between the EUT:line and reference ground (metal wall 2x 2 m), the artificial network has to be connected to the metal wall in 2 low-impedance manner. Simplified diagram of V-artifical network ee 7 inthe range 9ktH2~ 150k: (SOuH +5 Ohm) || 530 0hm Z inthe range 150kH2 ~ 30MHz: 50H || 50 Ohm Sl,Grounding inductor to decouple PE and reference ground Dr Inductor to decouple PE in special casesUse of probe ‘+ Probes are used for disturbance voltage measurements ifthe usage of artifical networks is not possible. e.g: Load. and contro ines according to ENS5014-1 and EN55O1S5, at high rated currents oF aton-site tests. ‘+ Formeasuring the tip ofthe probe is put on the requested measuring point. ‘+ Theconrection ofthe reference ground ofthe probe has to be connected via a short (2/10), HF-appropriate good connection tothe reference ground ofthe test site or an metalic EUT- housing. ‘+ Depending onthe lines to be measured diferent probes can be used. ‘+ Depending on the used probe the relevant voltage divider value tothe input of the ‘measuciag receiver by the means of the correction factor has to be considered! turbances from public power supply distort the measuring results when using Simplified diagram of a probe 1500 Ohm probe Tipotprobe Toreceher R Resistor (e.g. 1500 Ohm) C Capacitance (e.g. 10nF) R150 Ohm matching resistor Cp Parasitic capacitance (c1OpF) the given values results a correction factor of 35.7148,Test set-up of disturbance voltage measurement ‘Measurement by means of V-artificial network on supply lines: Taw impedance comecton ofthe anil newore to reference srouné! fgference round: Metal walimin. 22m or metal walla stele oom cess engi ued meandershaped ] to get bundle of 40 cn Test set-up of disturbance voltage measurement “+The reference ground ofthe artificial netwark has to be connected toa ground of Hl sin, 2m x2m ina low impedance manner (flat copper fot). ‘+ Tabletop devices are to putin a distance of 40 cm to the ground and 80 cm to the a | ‘main network (AMiN)on a wooden table. + Floor standing devices have to be put according to standard either, \ 2) isolated oem 15cm (eg accordngtolEC/CISPR 165-2) 0%, 2) roated 10 em (eg. aecoringtoEC/CISPR 14, 1EICSPR#S) | abovean reference ground placed on he or. + Exchangeable supply lines have to be shorten to 1m. | «Excess length of fixed connection lines have to be put in @ meander manner between EUT and artificial network, | 4 tusing a probe the reference ground has to be connected as short as possible with an EMC- (quiet reference (e.g, big contral cabinet, metal carter of hal or similars).Disturbancevoltage measurement - simple test set-up - According to EN 55016-2-1: Test configuration for an EUT with only a power cord attached Disturbance voltage measurement - complex test set-up - According to EW 35016-2-1 Test configuration for tabletop equipment on power mains aDisturbance voltage measurement - complex test set-up - “el. GE, ‘ts 7—Anrsnung des Priftings und er Sromversorqungeetenachblung a Oem “Rostand mit} veal’ und) hereon Beeupsaseepate " 4) TheEUT Is placed ata controlled clstance of 40em tothe vertical round plate The LISN is connected in low impedance on the horizontal ground planein 40cm distance fom the vertical mass pate ot 1) The €UTis placed in a controlled distance of dem ta the horizontal ground plane ‘The LISN is connected in low impedance to the vertical ground plane. In any case, isthe distance EUT- LISN (AMA) is 80cm!Conducted emission measurement acc. to ENS5032 (Multimedia) ‘+ Inthe caseof the vets reteence ground plane the AN must connected det with this ro aher metal Sacesin stow impedance mod, The thet metal surface, fr he part needs o connected vey wel othe eral refeence plane The distance ofthe EUT tothe ANN must be 0.8m and between AE and AIK shouldbe 20.8, Thedlstance Between te ELT, the local aun device (AE andthe associated cabling other conductive objets hak be 20.8.‘Measurement by means of V-artificial network an supply line: Version: V-artificial network are standing on the table ‘+ aiiciat main network connected in ow impedance to metalic plane onthe or ‘+ The round eteence plane sith vertical lane ina astance of sem tothe EU.Test set-up of conducted measurement -Floor standing devices- Distance EUT— LISN (AMN) 0.6m. Exchangeable lines have tobe shortened or bundles. ‘The EUTS are standing isolated in a dlstence of 12). Ocm 15cm (ace to CISPR 16) 2) 10cm (ace. to CISPR 14 and CISPR 15) above the Ground Reference Plane (GRP) Conducted emission measurement Execution and evaluation of measurement + The frequency steps should be smaller than the bandwidth (BW). Recommendation: 0.5x8W or smaller. ‘+ The EUT has to be set in the operation mode with most interferences. ‘+ Each wire (exception PE) has to be measured! ‘+ Each of the demanded limit values for the relevant detector must be met. ‘+ Since the AV-measuring value can take max the QP-value, the measurement is effected with the QP-detector. IF the limit value for the AV-measurement is met with the QP-detector, then a further measurement with the AV-detector is not necessary any more.‘Test procedure - example: Requirements acc. to ENSSO14 The EUT shall be operated from a supply that provides the rated voltage and the rated frequency ofthe EUT. * Atest at about 160 kHz shall be made over a range of 0,9 to 1,1 times Un in orderto found woist case level of disturbance. Ifthe level depends to the voltage the test shall be made at the voltage that causes maximum disturbance. ‘© For EUT with a frequency range of S0Hz to 60Hz also the maximum shall be fond st about 1160 kHz. Ifthe level depends to the frequency the test shall be made at the frequency that causes maximum disturbance, * Apparatus which incorporate electronic regulating controls shall have the controls adjusted for maximum disturbance in accordance with the procedure outlined in7.2.6.1. © The disturbance voltage limits apply throughout the frequency range 148,5 kHz to 30 MHz and therefore the disturbance characteristics shall be assessed throughout this frequency range. An initial survey or scanning of the complete range shall be mace. In. the case cf quasi-peak detector measurement, the registered values shall be given at least at the following frequencies and at all frequencies at which there is a maximum: iscontinuous interferences (click interference) + Short-time interferences are called click interferences, if they are generated by switching events in electric-controlled devices. + EN 55014-1 defines the test procedure and evaluation of click interference, + The measurement of click interference is effected by the means of a storage oscilloscope ora click analyzer at IF output of QP-value measuring receivers. * Only in the frequency range 150kHz ~ 30MHz the limit values are valid against the ‘ale, The click measurement should be done at 150kHz, 500kHz, 1,4MHz,and 30MH2, + The click rate (N) describes the number of disturbances per minute. The click rate should be found at 150kHz and SOOkHz. * Disturbances due to single switching that are caused directly or indirectly by manual switches or adjustors, do not have to be considered according to EN55014-1.Discontinuous interferences (lick interference) * Condition for click interference: 1.a_ Interferences that do not exceed the limit values for permanent interferences no longer than 200ms and 1.b_ ifthe next interference follows not earlier than 200ms. 2. Aclick interference could consist of several impulses, whereas the 200ms have to observed from the first until the last impulse. + Example for 2 click interferences: Discontinuous interferences (lick interference) © Calculation of limit values: = The limit value Lq for the click interference results from the addition of the permanent interference limit values L and the click-rate depending on the 44dBforN<0,2 or 20log% fiir 0,2 ‘= 1m), the disturbance energy is mainly radiated via the power cord = Inoiderto reduce the high measuring effort, the disturbance power measurement forhousehold appliances, electronic tools and similar devices is stipulated in the standard. ~ Thedisturbance powers measured using a MDS-absorber clamp in dBpW (odBpw equal 1 pW at 50 Ohm) in the range 30 MHz ~ 300 MHz. Due to current conversion and the correction factor of the clamp the stated value ofthe measuring receiver in dBuV has to be equated with the interference power,Measuring set-up Disturbance power measurement asin Y scone ostuet 100Mis dps clamp 040521) tne to maxinam dstrbance stance om.5m aoe f damp NonconducveDisturbance power measurements according to EN 55014-1 © Setup = Measurement should be cartied out ina shielded room. = The EUThas to have at least a distance of min, 80 em to conductive wall or floor. = _ Bymeans of an additional ferrite clamp, undesired disturbances, from the supply unit onto the ine to be measured, are avoided. ~ Thelines to be measured (powerlines and other connection lines) have to be extended to approx. 6.5 m (A /2 at 30MHz + 0.6m measuring clamp+0.6mferite clamp). ~The MDS clamp is connected directly with the measuring receiver. Disturbance power measurement according to EN 5014-1 ‘+ Execution and Evaluation of measurement: = In general, the maximum disturbance has to be found out at each frequency in the frst 5 m, ~ Certainly, therefore are a number of possibilities ~ One is the following: = Atfirst, the measurement is effected across the complete frequency range at ‘about 5 different, fixed clamp positions. = _Indistinctive frequency ranges (range of high disturbance power up to approx. ‘6d8 at limit value) the position ofthe clamp has to vary in a distance of O- 5 m tothe EUT, in orderto localize and report the maximum ofthis disturbance. ~ Asmentioned at disturbance voltage measurement, the measurement should stert with the Quasi-Peak value detector. In best case, a further measurement with Average value detector can be passed on, ~The Quasi-Peak value as well asthe Average limit values have to be met.Measuring report disturbance power measurement Tew reguementr Devitor a? Range 200mH2- 300m Margin 1088 Blue curve: MDS clamp with 1.5 m distance to EUT-port. Green curve: MDS clamp with 0 m distance to EUT-port Pink curve: MDS clamp with 1.2 m distance to EUT-por. ‘Test procedure ~ example: Requirements acc. to ENSSO14-1 The EUT shall be operated from a supply that provides the rated voltage and the rated frequency of the EUT. Atest at about SOMHz shall be made over a range of 0,9 to 1,1 times Unin order to found worst case level of disturbance. Ifthe level depends to the voltage the test shall be made at the voltage that causes maximum disturbance. © For EUTwith a frequency range of 50H? to 60Hz also the maximum shallbe fond at about SOMHz. Ifthe level depends to the frequency the test shall be made at the frequency that causes maximum disturbance. ‘Apparatus which incorporate electronic regulating controls shall have the controls adjusted for maximum disturbance in accordance with the procedure outlined in 7.2.6.1 ‘The disturbance voltage limits apply throughout the frequency range 30MHz to 300MHz and therefore the disturbance characteristics shall be assessed throughout this frequency range. An initial survey or scanning ofthe complete range shall be made. In the case of quasi- peak detector measurement, the registered values shall be given atleast at the following frequencies and at all frequencies at which there is a maximum:Requirements conducted disturbances power aaa [area ase OT =e [252 Frauen range 90 WHE Te 30 We STE PORE se mete sno one i Tai a nm [new [aon | wat | ane | wen [ane | ann Calibration of disturbance power measuring siteShort overview of essential changes ENSSO14-1 £N55014-1:2006 to EN 55014-1:2006+A1:2009 ‘+ New limit values and measuring procedures in the range of 30MHz ~1GHz: + At interfering power with QP in the range of 200MMz - 300MH2 a safety distance of 0- 10d8 has to be observed, otherwise the field strength 300MHz - 1GHz has to be measured additionally. + Devices with a pulse frequency 230MMz the field strength 300 MHz -1 GHz has to be measured additionally »> For measurement the radiated field strength the manufacturer have to chosen with method he wants to take. ‘= Requirements of electrical field strength 30MHz - 1GHz for battery-operated devices. New Requirements according to ENS5014:2006+A1:2009, wi-powereddevces | _ Choice ofthe manufacturer earancy ona 1 Mist 1000 Mi TeSSaaReT wT TaN tg 300 aaa a8 OB Choice ofthe manutacture whaddiionatmarginy | (mag sre | 1SPR162 eaueney ane ves 00 mis to 1000 mH "Aap TT acer No ‘usted eshowen nesagenentnehoa? J" [aver camer EEISP es Tee wt ATT ECTOSPRTIT Ineguencyrange 30 Mz 01 Gis Inequencyrange3¢MHrto 1 GM)EMC Seminar EN 61000-4-2:2009 (dop): 2009-12-01 (dow): 2012-03-01 Immunity to the discharge of electrostatic electricity (ESD) clectrostaticvoltagesBody discharge of human being Discharging by a metallic tool == z TEC 61000-4-2 issue 12-2008 ‘Summary of the essential changes: ‘Amendment limit deviations for the waveform of the current pulse: + first discharge current peak «/-15% + rsetime:0.8ns +/-25% For calibration each single pulse must meet the waveform specification. Distance test set-up to walls or other metallic parts: 0.8m, Ground return line can be connected on the metallic wall of the laboratory, if this is extensively connected with the reference ground surface. 2m ground return tine is not allowed to hold in the hand. Figures were changed, also the VCP has been included at floor-standing devices The use of an air ionizer is not allowed, Atcontact discharge itis not a must to test each test level incividually up to the demanded level, this only applies to air discharge.implified diagram of ESD-Simulators cng tp charge oten serge sen cata Drage etn (+ srrrecton NOTE Gy isa dstibuted capacitance whic exss between the generator and its suroundings NOTE 2. Cy + Cy has atypical valve of 150 pF. NOTE 3. Rg has atypical value of 320.0 Figure 1 ~ Simplified diagram of the ESD generator Modes of discharges ty > covet Nirdscharge R-discharge resistor C~ storage capacity‘Specification contact discharges (old standard) According to EN 61000-4-2: 1995+A1:1998+A2:2001 100% sox + Iverson | woe beisons t-orbisins SONS Tevet] indication | Peak Risetinetie | Gavent 30%) Dscargecarent| contctdischage Jasons ato a wl isl w fw 1 2 1s o7wer 4 2 2 4 is orton 8 4 ‘ 8 30 ator 16 8 Specification contact discharges (new stardard): ‘According to EN 61000-4-2:2009Severity levels + Forair discharge all test levels up to requirement have to be tested. + Forcontact discharge only the specified test levels have to be tested however, iw recommend to eomtinue testing as for air discharge ‘© Maximum 1 discharge per second © minimum 10 discharges each polarity = duce | Conc dschoge : a 2k kv 2 ak ak | : 3 Bk ok 4 1SkV Bky METER, ‘Test setup for table top devices according IEC 61000-4-2 or Sr f runing Gea ver raat careeentne‘The horizontal coupling plane (HCP) must have a sizeof (1.6 +0,2)m (0.8 +0,2)m. ‘The HCP is 0.8m above the ground plane (GRP) on an non-metallic table andis connected via x 470 kQt0 the GRP. ‘The ground plane (GRP) shall project beyond the FUT or the dimensions of the KCPby atleast (0.5m and shall be connected tothe protective grounding system ‘The HCP shall project beyond the EUT including connection lines by atleast 10cm to all sides. ‘The EUT able has to provide a distance of 0.8m to any other conducting structures, The EUT and cables shall be isolated fom the coupling plane by an insulating support (0.5 +£0,05)mm thick The grounding ratio ofthe EUT shal be according to the real ratio, The retum cable of the test gun or discharge circuit respectively has to be connected withthe GRP and has tobe leaded in a distance of20.2m tothe EUT and ts tines while discharging, The testers not allowed to hold the return cable inthe han. The test guns keptin a90° angleto the discharge point. If this snot possible, ithas tobe sated into the test reportDirect discharge = Allaccessible points (touchable by uses) ~ Housing: edges, angles, surfaces, slots, indicator parts = Operating parts: switches, buttons, plugs, etc — Interfaces with metallic housing ‘only contact discharge on plug housing ~ Interfaces with isolated housing: ‘only ar discharge on plug housing — _ Incertain cases product standards can request the discharge on pins Indirect discharge ~ Edge of vertical coupling plane, VCP with 10 cm distance to each EUT side — Edge of horizontal coupling plane, EUT with each side with 10 cm distance to the discharge point.‘Test procedure for ungrounded devices + Probl ~ priory loaded test point cannot Secegetse conpett joo ~ Too low discharge current (undertested) ~ Non-reproducible behavior of UT = Remedy: ~ Removing load before next discharge: ~ Fixing an discharge connection (2x 470k) on supply point (see figure righthand) ~ Discharging manually with carbon fibre brush inline with discharge connection (2x 470k0) Increasing time between discharges!?! 1 According to the new standard itis not allowed o use an ionisator Test set-up for ungrounded floor standing devices aTest set-up for floor-standing devices, post installationEMC Seminar EN 61000-4-4:2012 (dop): 2013-05-09 (dow): 2015-06-04 Immunity test procedure for broadband interferences (Burst) Phenomenon : Fast Transient (Opening of a switch) contact Equivalent diagram ofa switching circuit: us 5 ts | “eo? TL o Typical voltage wavelorm across an opening switch (230V Power relays): ay [7changes Jn EN 61000-4-8 (1/2), Version EN 61000-4-4:2008 +The burst switch has to be an electronic switch. It is nat permitted to use a spark gap any longer + Burst frequency 5kHz at Td=15ms or LOOkHz at Td = 75ms + Calibration at coaxial output of the simulator with 50.0 and 1000 + Calibration at output of the coupling network in Common Mode (all ines sinltaneously) with 50.0 + Coupling on supply lines in Common Mode all ines simultaneously) ‘+ Tabletop units are to be placed 0.1m above the ground reference plane ‘+ When coupling on supply lines the length of the supply line was reduced to0.5 m. EN 61000-4-4:2004+A1:2010 + The characteristics ofthe coupling-/ decoupling network were rectified and described precisely Also the verification described inthe Corrigendum 2 of 6/2007, which was. internationally released, was not acceptable. AMETEK: Changes in EN 61000-4-4 (2/2) Version EN61000-4-4:2012 + New version introduces calibration of capacitive coupling clamp. Procedure as well as impulse parameters are specified. + Changes regarding calibration values at output of the coupling network: — Rise time (t): 5,5ns + 1,5ns. = Pulse duration (td): 45ns = 150s + Distance between DUT and coupling device, both coupling network and/or coupling clamp are: = Devices mounted on table: 0,5m(-0/+0,1m) = FloorStanding devices: 1,0 (+/-0,1m) + Test setup for rack mounted equipment.test severity level since EN 61000-4-4:2004 New repetition frequency of burst pulses is introd Table 1 = test vel luced! (Open elrcult test voltage Level Powerline Wotine Peak voltage in kV Repetition rate in (eee | 1 05 025 50100 2 1 05 50r 100 3 2 1 5.07100 4 4 2 5 0r 100 Xa special special The 200K are merely a gldeline that ould be adsted by product committees 08 more ‘elevant variable for thelr product tines or products. InAnmex At you wil find representative values from real instal Parameter ofthe actual interference ions for your assistance. Single pulse Rise time Pulse duration td = Sons Pulse packet (Burst) Repetition time Tr= 300ms, As formerly Duration burst packet Td = 15ms at spike frequency F=5kHz Newlyadded: Duration burst packet Té = 0,75ms [At spike frequency f= 100kH2 Pulslorm 5ns/S0ns 50s 30% ‘Soe 30%‘Test equipment simplified circu diagram of burst generator a en setage source NOTE the oars of he i eter wth say sents ncn ad capactan) of yo Figure 1 Simplified circuit diagram showing major elements fast transientburst generator characteristics - waveform - Output voltage range terminating with a load of 1000 2: min. 0.25 kV up to 4 kV; Output voltage range terminating with a load of $00: min, 0.125 kV up to 2 kV; Pulse repetition frequency: SkHz and 100kHz + 20% Burst duration (see 6.1.2 and fig. 2): 15 ms st 20% at SkHz 0.75ms + 20% at 100kHz Pulse shapé Termination at coaxial output: (with 50.0 load) Pulse duration (50 %-value) td = 50ns + 30% Peak value of voltage; table ? + 10% Termination at coaxial out Rise time tr= 5 ns + 30% (with 1000 2 toad) Pulse duration (50 %-value) td = 50 ns with limiting deviation of ~ 15 ns bis + 100 ns, Peak value of voltage; table 2 + 20%Characteristics - output voltage peak- Tablo 2 - Output voltage peak values and repetition frequencies os os s0r100 | 1 1 50r100 4 ‘ 50r100 [ Mescures shouldbe taken to ene tat sry capacitance is kpt to 8 minimum. NOTE 1 Use of 1000.0 oad resistor wi automaticaly result in @ voltage reading tat Is 5 % lower than the set votage, az shown in eatumn ¥, (1000). The teseng 5, #1 000.0 =F (ofen cet) muted || umes 1 0011080 (he rato of ne test ona the tte rut impedance of 1 0000 plus 50 0), ro output votage 1 0.5 tines the value of he nt voitage 28 Calibration at the coaxial output In order to provide a common supply basis for all test simulators, the characteristics of the test simulators have to be proved. ‘The verification at coaxial output has to be carried out as follows: 1. The demanded test voltage is set at the simulator. 2. The curve progression is measured at the coaxial output of the simulator. The Peak value of the voltage has to be 50% of the set voltage at the simulator 3. The curve progression is measured at constant simulator settings at 1000 The peak value of the voltage has to be Up (open circuit) corresponding (420%)Calibration routine no 1 Calibration at coaxial 50 Ohm output ofthe simulator with 50 Ohm load rome 58 Sone a wall vo (<)rsennme] Ratio with w50 9 1:200 Bt] osofy To Example: 2kVaparao= SV on scope sna Calibration routine no.i2 Calibration at coaxial 50 Ohm output ofthe simulator with 1000 Ohm load oy Ratio with KW1000 2 1:1000 Example: 2kVnwrnu)=1,9V 0n Scope osc,‘Schema 3-phase coupling/decoupling network EN61000-4-4:2012 Coupling/ Decoupling network for main: Coupling capacitor 33nF Insertion loss: asymmetric (all lines against reference earth) Sa om et eta ‘ee =e Calibration ofthe coupling/decoupling network ‘Coupling/decoupling network for mains supply connectors Proof of characteristics of coupling/ decoupling network ‘The pulse shape has to be proved at each output/path of coupling-/decoupling network ‘+ Therefore all coupling paths are set simultaneously (Common Moce) ‘+The output of the coupling network is terminated with a coaxial load of 50.0 The calibration has to be provided with a voltage setting of 4kV as follows: [ a ‘since EN 61000-4-4:2004 ‘Mew: EN 61000-4-4:2012 Rise time Fnse30% 5i5ns & 15s [Pulse duration Sons 30% a5ns = ins eakvalue ofvaltage 10% ofthe vatage according to table Remark: ‘The procedures as shown inthe above nos, uni publication ofthe Amendment At to 1EC61000-6-4 4.2 from 01-2010 hotly contested, Initscurent version, tne verification is made abundantly clear. AMETEK:Calibration at the coupling/decoupling network output Procedure since Amendment to EC6100044 682 of 01/2010 The calibration i performed wth the generator output ata Set voltage of AV. The generators amnected othe int ofthe couplng/ decoupling neta ach navi tou the CON normally connerte tte EU) i terminated Inseguence wih a S01 load wile the other outputs are open The peak vltage and wavefom ae vecarded a each pias. Calibration routine no. “The ET transients ae coupled teal ines ofthe CON simultaneous (CH), {1 The output ofthe CON shall nat be shortcut ‘mth S00 oad wil the other outputs ae open, SoooCalibration of capacitive coupling clamp EN61000-4-8:2012 The transducer plate consists ina metallic sheet of 120 mmx 1050 mm of max 0.3 mm ‘thickness, solated on top and bottom by a dielectric fol of 0.5 mm. Isolation for 2.5 KV on all Sides must be guaranteed in oder to avoie the clamp to contac the transducer plate, + The transducer plate is to be inserted into the coupling clamp and must be terminated atthe ‘opposite end ofthe generator connection with a coaxial load of 50. The calibration is performed with the generator output voltage set to 2kV. The calibration have: tomeet the fllowing requirements: se timetr nse Pulse durin td Sons:E15ne peakvalue ofvotege kv = 2007 if” gotcha casetnecoigng damp _Taauc pt 500 Terminator per Connect sate (round referens plane ration ofa capacitive coupling clamp using the transducer plat. Calibration setup ofa capacitive coupling clampusing the transducer plate acc to fgute 8 of EN61000-4-4:2012 ‘Setup for validation: ofthe capactive coupling clamp ace. to figure 10 of EN61000-44:2012Couping mode: common mode Test set-up and test execution. Coupling mode: yal lines against ground reference" So, the coupling mode is a pure «Common Made testing". This means thatthe testing of single lines, line after line, is not demanded any more, bu only al lines simultaneously have to be supplied with burst pulses, Reactions an Opinions to Couping mode in common mode Coupling mode: ,al lines against reference ground" Remark: A large number of experts is convinced that the testing of single lines is till, reasonable,because the pure Common Mode testing cannot simulate all phenomena that appear in reality. Existing coupling/decoupling networks support both coupling modes, o that its the user’ s responsability to decide if testing of single ines is reasonable for his use. Legally, itis enough to do the Common Mode testing. However, in the field of quality assurance it makes sense to do also the tests of single lines (e.g. during development). Thereby, useful test experience and knowledge of the EUTs behavior can be obtainedCable length EUT-CDN: acc. to EN 61000-4-8:2004+A1:2010 est set in laboratory on mi Line length between coupling network and EUT 0.5m (Exception see note 2) ey 7 or, a : Cable length EUT-CON: acc. to EN 61000-4-4:2012 Test set-up for type tests in laboratory on main supply lines + The new standard defines the distance and not the cable length. + There is a distinction between floor standing equipment and table top equipment. - Fant | ere prea : G ! itrGeneral tests set-up acc. to EN 61000-4-4:2012 hon L AS ~ f-1* ae Figure 11 — Example of @ p for laboratory type teste Test setup: Connection of coupling network [The coupling network has tobe connected with the ference ground in ow impedance manne]Test setup: signal lines with capacitive coupling clamp 0 ‘According to EN 61000-4-4:2012 The distance between any coupling devices and the EUT shal be (0,5 -0/+ 0,1) mfortabletop equipment testing, and (1,0 0,1) m for floor standing equipment. Test setup: capacitive coupling clamp EUTput onthe same sideas he bust, ‘Simulators connected onSpecial test setup acc. to EN 61000-4-4:2012 gure 12 Bane of tet stp frequent wih lve eb enti to) Example for in situ test on ac/dc. power ports and PE = set es Reaping roc ‘lg ae peta etn ‘AMETEK:Alternative method for coupling to signal lines The capacitive coupling clamp is the preferred method for coupling the test voltage into signal and control ports. If the clamp cannot be used due to mechanical reasons (eg. size, cable routing) in the cabling, it shall be replaced by, a. atape ora condui oralternatively b. via discrete (100 :t 20) pF capacitors foil enveloping the lines undertest. During development: Immunity in layoutImmunity in tayout- capacitive with an € -fieldprobe Burst simulator =—0 coaxcable SS EUTHousing there fant» Ground reference plane, take aseparate grounding ‘between EUT Housing and ‘simulator. During development: Radiated immunityENC Seminar EN 61000-4-6:2009 (dop): 2009-12-01 (dow): 2012-03-01 EN 61000-4-6:2014 (dop): 2014-08-27 (dow): 2016-11-27 Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields 4 AMETEK Overview of immunity against sinusoidal disturbanceEN61000-4-6 - different versions 1/2 ‘Specification: Remarks EN 61000-4 6:1996+A1:2001 = Bascaly, ealtorial changes in ENG1000-0-6:1996 EN 61000-4-6:2007 Essential changes in teat execution + Foreach testing still wo 150-0-networks are used, all other ines are only tobe decoupled and not, as before, basically terminated with 150.0 networks, ‘* Amethod for the Injection withthe coupling/ decoupling network is 20- 220mtH2 150 0hm-+/- 60 Oh imate crane Bf oe The requene tand was change rom 2024 iz becauee olsome sues restedto Fiah-power cons. ‘The wanted signal may noi be essentially influenced by the coupling networks, Coupling networks for ‘mains have tohave an earth connection, because they have fo keep connected withthe ground plane Under ll test conditions (Reason: The V-capacltors generate high leakage-currents when decoupling) enennnn ‘Grow rarer pane ry ‘The 150 Ohm oad at AE ors only used at unscreened Sep tse Tne, at sreened ines the pots Conneced withthe reference ground sua) (=fLevel setting at the EUT Port of CDN’ 1£C61000-4-6 4.3 1EC61000-4-6 Ed.4 Set-up for level setting: forthe CDN: = (O28) mine nt Un =Up-18808 21808 me min. for the clamp Em201: Up to now and still valid ‘se the RF generator Pye fOr leveling Using the recorded level to create the requited voltage atthe EUT Por af coup ing device sia New proposal IEC61000-4-6 Ed.4 : Record the forward power Py atthe output of the power amplifier sing the recorded levels Pu, Pp 294 Un tO Caleulate the used values to ciate the requited voltage atthe EUT Por of coup ing deviceLevel setting 1EC61000-46 Ed. 4 check the saturation ofthe amplifier‘Amplifier saturation check - evaluate measurement data 1EC61000-4-6 64. 4 check the saturation ofthe amplifier New geometry for 1500 to 500 adaptor oto: i se. COE, § 2 aa ‘The center poston ofthe connestorto the CDNIs finedon Som detance rom the CP. The ground plates ecommended tbe 20m lon Thereference plane has a dimension a 200mm oom NEW: IEC61000%0-6 Ed. “345 ‘the reference plane tea depends onthe Forn™ 30mm dimension ofthe refernce pane hastobe 1oommx 300m Forks 20mm dimension ofthe reference pane hastoie 150mm som ecorng annexA the 10mm 106mm ‘eaptorshall be used forthe EM clamor.11500 to 500 adaptor for calibrating EM-Clamp 1EC61000-4-6 €4.4 Annex A is completed dedicated to the EM and decoupling clamps now. Beside the guideline for setup, measuring the S-parameters and the calculation o* the impedance, decoupling and coupling factor, it include also a new calibration jig forthe clamps. The construction details ofthe jig ae illustrated hereafter. ‘Test setup for multi-unit EUTS ‘The EUT clearance from any metallic objects shall be at least 0.5 m. i ‘The reference ground plane has to exceed af oe the test setup itselfon all sides by atleast bec oam ‘Equipment from several units will only be considered as a unit when the line between themis «im. According to EN61000-4-6:1996+A1:2001 a All ports are connected withthe couptng | decoupling networks (CDN, taking into account that the (COKS 09 non-suplied lines ate terminated with 502 resistors Since version EN61000-4-6:2007 Only 2 ports are connected with CONS. One wil be supplied with disturbances and the other one terminated with 500 (1500 networks) Al other non-ested lines are connected or removed (iF ‘operationally allowed). For decoupling CON's without 50 resistors ae usedTest setup for single-unit EUTS 1EC61000-4-6 Ed.3/Ed.2: wrong 1EC61000-4-6 £4.42 correct ‘The standard versions Ed. 2 and Ed.3 show in the setups for single-unit EUTs wrong setups. The termination of 1 other non tested CON is missed. ‘The CDV of Edition 4 shows the correct setup Enhanced injection method flow chart ‘The flow chart for selecting appropriate injection method has been enhanced by a new decision. With this itis now clear that injection method “direct injection” is only applicable on shielded cables. 1EC61000-4-6 Ed. 3 TEC61000-4-6 Ed.4Procedure for CON injection application Procedure since £N61000-4-6:2007 + The por intended to be tested shall be connected with the simulator via the corresponding CON. + Only 1 another CON, terminated with 50Q, shall be connected with a second port + allfurther ports are only decoupled. ‘+ The CON tobe terminated with 500 shall be chosen according tothe following prio (CDN-Mt (used for connection ofthe earth terminad) CCDN-Sn (n=1,2,.), whichis closest (geometrical) to the injection pot (CDN-M.. (used for mains) Other CON, which is closest (geometscaD tothe injection point According C61000-4-5 Es 1. CONAN (sed or connection ofthe erthtemina) 2. CORMS,CON-MA, CON (used Formals ass eauamend 3. CONSn ret,2}. hic closest (geometiaD tothe nection poet 4. CONAIused for mains ~ lassi equipment 5. Other CON whichis closest geometrical othe injection point ‘Schematic test setup with CONs acc. to 1EC61000-4-6 Ed. 3 round reerene ene i * Each, the EUTand the AE are 10 cm isolated above the referenceground surface. + Alloutgoing lines have to be decoupled via CON. + The CONs have to be inserted ina distance of 0.1 m up to 0.3 m from the EUT. * The CONs have to be connected well withthe reference ground plane in a RF: accordant manner.ec61000-4.6 64.4 Throughout the standard, cable height of at least 30 mm will be used. “his is driven largely by practical reasons in actual test setups. SD a4 a r = Al dimensional values are , < rm oie OLD (NEW Gh GE =h o lee ‘The CON n-andoutput toms FD set smtp signals no longer drawn as 7 = SEs | connectad tothe GRP‘Test set-up: Coupling on supply lines (floor standing device) HI ae | Stel Figure 14 ~ Genera principle of atest setup using clamp injection devices ‘© On the part of CDNs no special actions have to be taken for the connected AE. Simply, the [AE has to be 10cm above the reference ground plane. ‘© On the patt of injection clamp an asymmetrical impedance of 1502 has to be provided for. ‘Thus, the AE has to be terminated once with an 500 loaded CON (see CON 2). Furtherlines of the AE are only to decoupled, ‘AMETEKDistinctions when testing with injection clamps Two different kinds of injection clamps are mentioned: 1, The current clamp, in the automotive field better known as BCI clamp, has no decoupling function, ives the eurrent induced into a line flows ony in subject to the impedance ratio ct the line 2. The EM-clamp ‘tention: Not to confuse with the coupling clamp according to EN61000-4- forcoupling burst, disturbances! In contrast to the current injection clamp, the EM clamp has a directivity of »=10dB above 10M The directivity canbe enlarged by further fests, therefore usually fete clamps are use. In case of too law directivity or better said unsufficient decoupling it might be that the asymmetrical impedance with 1500 at EUT port and the AE portis not given. At the EUT port an accidentially overcurrent could be applied. ‘The current can be monitored by the means of current probes between the coupling. point and the EUT port. Ifthe current Imax, defined by Imax= Uo/150 Ohm | is exceeded, the test voltage canbe reduced until achieving Imax. | ® The achieved test voltage has to be reported. ‘Schematic test set-up direct coupling h ovine Waren wo + The test signal shall be injected directly on to the shield ofthe screened cable through a 100 Ohm resistor. +The decoupling to AE side has tobe sufficiently large, b280qH Remark | Often the decoupling snot sufficient, so that apart ofthe disturbance get lost onthe AE-sie. In this ‘case, the AE could be connected with futher ports via an CON, similar as used forcouping via current clamps.AMETEK: ‘Avoid error sources already in the test plan! Prior to testing it should be thought twice, ifthe below listed parameter are suficienty dimensioned test level Is the legal minimum requirement enough, or should be tested considerung QA-aspects? step size Hakimum step size 19 log (196 from previous frequency) + dell time The dweltime per frequency step may not be. 5s, and has tobe selected as longuntil the operating function and 3 therof resulting reaction of the EUT might be possibleAnnex F (informative): Test set-up for large EUTS amt Sonim gaint ‘eon e taro a u ‘The elevated reference plane shall be electrically connected to earth for safety reasons. It is not significant from an RF point of view. | _— on : con | Vora rund pte , at conection E } c 1 Figure F.2~ Example of large EUT test set-up a | ‘with vertical ground reference plane Important: | Exh deviation fom the standardized test proces has! be recorded inthe test report AMETEK:EMC Seminar EN 61000-4-5:2006 (dop): 2007-07-01 (dow): 2009-10-01 EN 61000-4-5:2014 (dop): 2015-03-19 (dow): 2017-06-19 Immunity to high-energy surge voltages HISTORY: IEC 61000-4-5 Ed. 1995 IEC 61000-4-5 Ed. 2 2005-11 INTERNATIONAL | NEW: IEC 61000-4-5 Ed. 3 2014-05 | EN 61000-4-5:2014 (2015-03) STANDARD NoRME INTERNATIONALEChanges in IEC 61000-4-5 ed.3 “+ use parameters changed , now itis only ane time definition of pulse shapes (Frnt time T and pulse duration T,) + Verification of the Waveforms have to made atthe generator output (wth 18uF inseria), and atthe ‘output ofthe coupting/decoupling networks + Harmonization of CON up to 200, + Now verification procedure for data line CON’, new calibration table, For verification the open ireut voltage and the short-circuit curent will measured. Additional the AEpor should be shorten and open. ‘+ Te impedance for tests on shielded lines ae 2 Ohm + 18pF. ‘+ New test setup fr shielded conta ines which ate grounded only at one end. nis case the lines willbe tested tke unshielded lines. ‘+ Notine-to-ground surges are applied for double-insulated products (Le. products without any dedicated earth terminal. This applies tothe power supply lines as well as for signal and data lines. + The coupling network fr symmetial operated telecommunication lines which wil used for tests withthe -Surge waveform (10/700us) change. he effective impedance of the coupling path has change. ‘+ Measurement Uncertainty MU in annex Source impedance of the generators The characteristics ofthe test generator shal simulate the phenomena as closely as possible. Depend ofthe afferent arise and coupling mechanism ofthe sources, the standard deine ferent source iimpedance’s for surge testing Ifthe source of interference i inthe same ereult, for example inthe power supply retwork (direct, coupling), the generator may simulate alow impedance source. tthe source of interference i in other elrult a the victim equipment (indirect coupling) asthe ports ofthe victim-equipment, then the generator may simulate @ higher impedance source. Powerlines (ac, t01EC610004'5lwolage power supp) AlsiherLines| symmetical (MLO) unsymmetial (L-PE-P) Unsymmevical Soure inthe same cet Source nthe therclcit (oynmevicad uneymmeticalSwtcning | incre iahting ontyindecntuences et igen | oeTest Levels as per 1EC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 ‘Spero est vakage spec Sone + or grate inconncion Snes th tet can be sped 1» mds Se Simultnns wth eps pends nd ‘The test eves shall be selected according tothe instalation conations classes ofistalaion are given n Annex © “The test shal be applieg tall test levels in Table 1 upto and including the agai test evel (eee 8.3) For selection of the tea ele forte dierent interfaces rear to Annex. jon 1EC61000-4-5:2006 2 Definitions ofthe waveform parameters 1,2/50 ys ~ 8120 ps TWOTE_ easing tlc wots 2p ns we may Sed cay EE ODD {Temata 3 eC mcmenso smo ie coro oe sh ‘Bun ens or pot HEC 00a it ning Teble 3 ~ Relationship between peak open-citcut voltage and peak short-cut current 1 Am " 7Different pulse definition, Example for open circuit volta Definition according IEC 60060-1: Front time: ‘Time tohattvalve Definition according IEC 60468-1 Rise time (10%- 90%) e=1ys 30% Duration time (50% -50%): td=S0ys:t 30% Waveform short-circuit current (8/20 ps) 10 ? = Ty=1.25* T= 8p 220% 1h>20ps+20%‘Surge Pulse Definition Generator Output IEC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 New sranhen ‘Table 2 -Detintons ofthe waveform parameter 2150s and 3120s 3- Relationship between peak open-circult voltage and pet short-cirut eurent ‘Spee peak vatogr#10% | Sharcereak pak earene= 10% Definition at the EUT port of CDN IEC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 voltage Shortsireut current a the EUT port of te CON (ar +100)Surge pulse definition as per 1EC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 + Open circuit voltage: 1.2/50us T=1.67xT=1.2p5 + 30% Ty=tw =50us 20% NOTE: The open cuit voltage wavelorm atthe ouput ofthe Coupling! ecoupine network may have 9 cosierabie Undershoot, in pinple asthe curve shaw nite + Short creut currents 8/20us FromtTime: T,=1.25e1r us £20% Duration: T,=1.18xTw 01s + 20% [NOTE:The 30% undershoot specication applies only tthe generator output Ate utp ofthe “oupling decoupling network heen imitation ‘nundeehoot or vershoct Calibration Coupling network specified up to 200A IEC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 6.4.2 Calibration of CDNs for a.c./d.c. mains supply rated up to 200A per line The characteristics of the CDN shall be measured under open-circuit conditions (load greater than or equal to 10k ) and under short-circuit conditions a the same set voltage. All performance characteristics state in 6.3.2 Tables 4 and 5 shall be met at the CDN output. Table 4 - Voltage waveform specication atthe EUT port ofthe coupling/decaupling network New in Ed. 3 Waveshape defined ior common mode coupling to PE Tolerances are increased at higher Jsccemorecnes | tomar’ current in the coupling network Decoupling inductivity: Maximum 1.5 mH Voltage Drop CON « 10%Calibration cou ling network specified up to 200A IEC61000-4-5 Ed. 3 The residual surge voltage measured between surged lines and ground on the a.c./d.c. mains supply port of the CDN with EUT and mains supply rot connected shall not exceed 15 % of the maximum applied test voltage or twice the rated peak voltage of the CDN, whichever is higher. The unwanted surge voltage measured between non-surged lines and ground shall not exceed 15 % of the maximum applied test voltage without EUT and mains supply connected (open circuit). ‘Table 5 Current wavetorm specification atthe EUT port “Coupng pasos a Tiree ineteina) Ainwtaroind* ron ime [iia Calibration at coupling network It is the intention ofthis standard that the output waveforms meet specifications atthe point where they are tobe applies to the EUT. The characteristies of the generator shall be measured under Open circuit voltage ‘with HV-Probe each: OMEN CM: LPE Me WE ‘Short circuit current with curent probe each: OMEN CM L-PE cM: WECalibration of CONs for unsymmetrical interconnection tines Measurements shall be performed withthe impulse applied to one coupling path ata time. ‘The peak amplitude, the front time and impulse duration shall be measured for:he CDN rated Impulse voltage under open-circuit conditions. ‘The inputs ofthe DN at the ausiliary equipment (AE) side shal be shor circultecto PE forthe impulse voltage and impulse current measurement at the EUT output por. The residual voltage value depends on the protection requirements ofthe AE. Therefore no limits are given inthis standard Changes to £4 32014 Calibration process for unsymmetrical interconnection lines = Surgevolage ‘SngleUnetoPE | Singleune ‘AlinessroneatoPe] Open Grea [Surge Crest SiietinetoPE [Single ine ‘lines haectoPE| Shon eu areurside Beak cuent, Hont time, duration] Surge voltage Sigietnetoline | Singieine ‘Allies shotedToPE| Open Crue tesa yotag. on tne, ut _| Surge Curent Singietnetotine | Singleuine “lines shonedto PE] Show Great ateurside Beak euent, tonttine duration —} Resdualvaltageon AE] SigleUnetoPE | Lineto Peat tine ‘pen Cheat ‘Open Gea Side th protection) Peakvalage Waveform specification for unsymmetrical interconnection lines Changes to £4 3 2014 ‘Table 8 : Surge waveform specs. at the EUT port of the CDN,6.4.3.3 Calibration process for symmetrical interconnection lines ‘Measurements shall be performed withthe Impulse applied to one coupling path ata time. The peak amplitude, the front time and impulse duration shall be measured forthe CDN rated Impulse voltage under open-circultconditions. The inputs ofthe CON atthe auxiliary equipment (AE) side shall be short circuited to PE for the Impulse voltage and impulse current measurement at the EUT output port The maximum allowed residual voltage value depends on application specific elements, which are not specified in this standard —] oe Change tw EH> 2Oie 7 See ES FPR | same secatraton process : a Table 10: Waverorm specification Flow chart for coupling method Changes to Ed.3Example of test setup for capacitive coupling on a.c./4-. lines coi cna L “_ I veo, TE] zen, | a a = a Ce Fig. 5: Coupling Line to Neutral Fig. 6: Coupling L- PE ard N-PE Decoupling t= 1.5m Decoupling = 2.5m Example of test setup for capacitive coupling on 3-phase a.c. lines. Decnising nator Bexar ata Fig. 7: Coupling Line to Line / Neutral Fig. 8: Coupling Line -PE and Neutral -PECoupling to unshielded unsymmetrical interconnections tines Switeh St: inetoEarth: Pasion 0 netoLine : Position 1tow ‘switeh $2 + during the test positions 1t04 bt natin same position as witch St ‘Switch $3 © "Typical position capacitive coupling via 0.5uF for asymmetrical /0 lines alternative coupling ~ Position coupling with gas arrestor tocrltical erated 1/0 lines ‘rvs clamping circuit special coupling: Position capacitive coupling 3,0uF for teste with Ringwave Example circuit of an CNV SO4N1Coupling on symmetrically operated 1/0 tines , new IEC 61000-4-5 ed.3 1.2/50us Generator 10/700us Generator with R= nx 40.0 max. 250.2 with Rew 25.0 changes: changes © Ruy is now Re Ry Is now Re + Ry Is fx 250, ‘+ Primary protection only if required . | «Tp ee + =a Test setup for shielded! neste abe | samen a a com» ieAccording to €N61000-4-5:2006; The tests done with an open end atthe AE side Ce See According to 1C61000-4-5 Ed. 3 The testis done as for unshielded asymmetrically operated tinesCoupling on fast symmetrically operated I/O lines Test procedure for Surge with 1-phase EUT 7,90 1607270" [3x z s ae ee negatve, posite - 7 LEN.L-PE,N-PE: ae Z Vin roo0v.2on0. ooo [V dy ee ‘+ 5 test-pulses for every setting (Level, Coupling, Angle, Polarity). * time between successive pulses: 1 min orless.Pulse shapes, especially elecommunication, 1EC61000-4-5 Ed. 2 wulators according CCITT = Output voltage 10/700us ( open circuit) 0.5 -4.0kV = Output current 5/320us (short circuit) 12.5 - 1008 ~ Source impedance 40 Ohm SER anN eee ee 6 Pulse shapes, especially telecommunication, lEC 61000-4-5 Ed.3‘Simplified diagram of the 10/700ys - 5/320js Generator fa] effektive outputimpedance: 400. The effective output impedance typically consists of, = Internal Rp 152. ‘external RygR=2502 ‘The Rn2 resistors can be bypassed, paralleled or shorted and replaced with extemal coupling ‘Example UCSSOONT with additional Tsurge Modul IEC61000-4-5 Ed.2Example UCSSOONT with additional Tsurge Modul 1ECS1000-4-5 Ed, 3 EN 61000-4-11:2004 (dop): 2005-03-01 (dow): 2007-06-01 Immunity to voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations.Definition of sources + Load changein the same electric circult + Startand breaking characteristic of engines “+ Short circuits and electrical faut conditions ‘+ Switch on of systems with high peak current during start, Generals considered inthis EMC standard, that he voltage of the upper described sources cannot be higher than 100%. ‘The standard simulate the following phenomena's: Voltage dips Voltage nteruptions voltage variations F i “1 5 2 Specification of test simulator Voltage variations on the output ofthe simulator 100%-output, 01016 A less than 5% of Ur 80%-output, 0 t0 20 A less than 5% of Ur 70%-output, 0 t0 23 A less than 5% of Ur 40%-output, 0 t0 40 A less than 5% of Ur 1000 A for 250 Vto 600 V Peak inrush current capacity 500A for 200 Vt 250 250A for 100 Vto 120 peak overshoot/undershoot ofthe actual voltage, ‘generator loaded with 100.0 less than 5% of Ur TTime of voltage variations for rise and fll with 100. load between 1 us and 5 usSpecification ofthe test simulator Adjustable phasing. 7 0° 10360" Accuracy of phases with mains frequency less than + 10° Reognition of zero crossing ‘Schematic ofa single phase system Test setup with variable transformer Variable Transformer Power Fal Simulator = | i ‘Simulator Leper [33 Ju pre onthe it phase relationship of PF and PF2 =>Voltage dips as per IEC 61000-4.11 Test setup with tapped transformer Le prt [St It s Test procedure IEC 61000-4-11 - test level- ‘Table 1 ~ Preferred test level and duration for voltage dips Cie Test eva and durations for voltage eps) 0 HBO Ha) tae Case by case szrdeg oh eager requreneas Gan? | Owdaimg | ON axing TO ing 2600" eye beyle toyele cass | owaune | omsrrm | nsx | Omar | towoum ‘here torte | toneeyees_| asa eyees_| as0000" ey oc x x ™ hese a pa FEC 6100-24 vo mmr. ‘Tobe dened by prod coma For equpmentcommecies dey rind ote pute newer, te +210 eps" means25 cys for 0 Hees and 20 js a6 ea Fast switching between 100% and the selected level Verification; The generator withstand a nominal curent of 20 fo 5sExample - Voltage DIPS as per IEC 61000-6-2 Industrial ‘+ Interruption DIPS 0%,1 Cycles Criteria B ‘+ DIPS 40% 10/12 Cycles =200ms Criteria C + DIPS 70% 25/30 Cycles=S00ms Criteria c + Testa sequence of three dip between each test event. eruptions with intervals of 10s minimum Test procedure IEC 61000-4-11 - test level- Shor eruptions : All the three phases shall be simultaneously tested. “able 2 Preferred tet level and durations for short interruptions ‘Gazsoa [Tost level and rations for chon erupts (.) (GOSOrE) ‘ass 1 ‘Case-iy-case according to tho equpentrequireronis ‘Gass 2 (curing 250200 cycles ‘Gass 3 (sein 2501300 evces Gass = x ois » Gassos as por 6100024, soo Annex B inthis present cure 10 be deine by product committee, For expen. conected drecty or insrocty to pablo network, the loves must not be lou class 2.Short interruptions: graphic presentation rama) Different ways for short interruptions Interruption high impedance: + The supply ofthe EUTVtis orl interupted for a cettain time * Inside the test simulator the surrent path is intenruptec. = Interruption low impedance: +The supply of the EUTVtis shifted fora certain time to ov. «+ Inside the test simulator the curent path of the rated voltage supply is stifted to OV supply. PF2 connected oN.Test procedure IEC 61000-4-11 - test level voltage variations - Vong et evel | ime or decreasing Tine for nereaing valine a ote (6 ee Ha) Tom on 250 pees 7 Tee denned by proc commits, Changes in the standard IEC 61000-4-11 2- Voltage Variations: (Old standard 61000-4-11 fall and rise time are 2s, i fi This means that the motor variac performs the voltage [nL New test standard IEC 61000-4-11 £4.2 Switch from the nominal 100% voltage to the reduced pre-setted variac voltage with the fast internal switch (1-5us). New Voltage profile After 20 ms, a slow voltage increase during 500ms back to the nominal voltage with the motorvariac. Variac output at 70% AMETEK:‘Test procedure IEC 61000-4-11 - General- The EUTshall be tested for each selected combination of test level and duration with a Sequence of thee dis / Interruptions with intervals of 0 minimum (between each test event elie 3 ene = Each representative mode of operation shall be tested. * Forvoltage dips, changes in supply voltage shall occur at zero crossings cf the voltage, and at additional angles considered critical by product committees or individual product Specifications preferably selected fiom 45" ,90° ,135" , 180" ,225" ,270" and 315" on each phase, + The switch is happened in the phase and not in neutral line. * For short interruption test of three-phase systems, all the three phases must be simultaneously tested as listed in Table 2 + Forvoltage dips test of three:phase systems, each individual voltage (phese-to neutral and phase-to-phase) shall be tested. Power Failin a 3-phase system Setup with motor variac ‘Star connection Delta connection switch ¥-a a Star connection with neutral. ‘Triangle connectior with PFA PF 1 input at 58% position of input at each connection of the column branch two column, Regulating 0-270V Regulating 0-100%Power Fallin a3-phase system ‘Setup with Tapped Transformer STAR-DELTA 40, 70,80, 100% ‘Test setup for delta connection ‘Schematic diagram in delta connection Vector diagram of a delta connection transformer with dips with cn phase L1 only ina 3-phase system. The dips must be repeated for each phase. ‘The voltage L2-L3 keeps at 100 %. The voltages between the phases L1’-L2 and L1"L3 are vektorial added voltages depends of the tap position in Lt’. Lem a Lien ee So Bern Ke ‘AMETEK:Test setup for Delta connect ps with dU in delta connection A Dip test with dU Delta connection in all three phases makes no sense, The vector diagram shows, that a Dip with all three phases will reduce the voltage never to OV. In fact at 0% and 100% the voltages are 400V. Only the phase will be shifted. neces | Dips in 3-phase system 1EC 61000-4-11 Test procedure: Each phase alone one by one Exception : AlL3 phases simultaneously for short interruptions. 3 phase system with neutral each individual voltage (phase-to neutral and phase-to-phase) shall betested, One at atime. This implies six different series of tests. AAADips in 3-phase system IEC 61000-4-11 3 phase system without neutral Each phase-to:phase voltage shall be tested, one at a time. This implies three different series of tests. AAA preferred phase shift A AS Site acceptable ph Dipsin3-phase system 1EC 61000-4.11 No acceptable-phase-tophas testing without phase shit L ®) ) In this case a star connected source system reduces the voltage on two phases with adip.{3 phase testing system ace to IEC 61000-4-11 KIEC 6100-434 rs 503N32 3 phase Powsr Fil Simulator — S ‘) av3P 2632 51 | Variable column Transformer | 3K300V /328 AMETEK: {3 phase testing system ace to IEC 61000-4-1 & IEC 61000-4.36 ‘Mandatory characteristics for dis & drops, voltage variation as per AnnexA,3 of IEC/EN 61000%4-11 + Peakinrush current capability S008 for 200 to 240V mains or 100 0 120V mains 10008 for 250 to 600V mains (EC 61000-4-34: 950A EUT's) = AA Za‘APFS-INRUSH CURRENT MEASUREMENT FOR POWERFAI GENERATORS. — Rete ulm curent probe 10m onto output o measure the residual cap voltage EMC Seminar EN 61000-4-3:2006+A1:2008+A2:2010 (dop): 2011-04-01 (dow): 2013-07-01 Immunity to Radiated, radio- frequency, electromagnetic field immunity testPhenomena radio transmitters station Voice / PMR radio relay systems Hypevian and WLAN networks + Navigation and Radar + Industrial equipment Digital cordless phones Interference signal I 4Test level ‘wee lcromagntic adi nvronment. 1 ” av | Levels pia of cal adofteelsion stars located at more than and wanamitestecnvr to poe + aw se Fesientiayconmartl an ht instal omens z tw power portable ances Cyl ss than W ran) rin but withresttons nase se pouty tothe eu en pelican ee ; tov ev Pore vances (2W aig or mre) aren use eave cose {othe equipment bt not sera mga ences raramiters rein lose pximiyothe equipment and Isiteqpmentmaybe cated sey. : 7 Tevlpmest ther sources of cican erence my be within ‘is anopen test evtand ite tsodaed Se dsbengt may . Seca beanie This tevel may be gen inthe oduct Sandan Frequency ranges - different requirements om oni eae 3 37655suitable test facility ty ea shilded enclosure having radio bearing moteraton te wal colin and ‘nme ocr, ina shielee enelosrehevingadio {bsoring materia onan the walls and Eeiing The Nooris shite Inthisking ofenamber tina muse havea. ‘wound relectin For exanplemision fesingupto 16H Semanechol cambersacievthe requed eld uitormty at al equecies ‘Test setup - System with GTEMTest setup ~ System with a Chamber Calibration of Field (Uniform field area - UFA)Example of test setup for table-top equipmentEMC Seminar Harmonics EN 61000-3-2:2014 (harmonised standard) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - part 3-2: Limit values for Harmonic curtents (Devices input current < 16A per phase) EN 61000-3-12:2011 (harmonised standard) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — part 3-12: Limits for harmonics currents produced, by equipment connected to low voltage systems with input current» 16A and = 75A per phase EN 61000-4-7:2002+A1:2009 (basic standard) General guide on harmonics and intethatmonics and instrumentations, for power supply systems and equipment connected there to Ec 61000-3-2 (2014-08) Ed. 4.0 ‘This eation incluces the following significant technical changes with respect tothe previous edition: 2. _aclaification ofthe repeatability and reproducibility of measurements; b. amore accurate specification of the general test conditions for information technology equipment; ‘the addition of optional test conditions for information technology equipment with external power supplies or battery chargers, the addition ofa simplified test method fo equipment that undergoes minor changes or updates: ‘an update of the test conditions fr washing machines; a clarfication ofthe requirements for Class C equipment with active input power <25 W: Aan update ofthe test conditions for audio amplifies; 8 clafication of the test conditions forlamps: an update of the test conditions for vacuum cleaners the addition of test conditions for high pressure cleaners; an update ofthe test conditions for arc welding equipments the reclassification of refigerators and freezers with variable-speed drives into Class D; ‘the addition of test conditions for refrigerators and freezes.2043-04 Current status: IEC 61000:3-2 2014-05) Ed. 5.0 This edition includes the Following significant technical changes with respect tothe previous edition 2) An update ofthe emission limits for lighting equipment with arated power <25 Wo take into account new types of lighting equipment; 1b) Theaddition ofa threshold of 5 Wunder which no emission limits apply tall lighting equipment; ©) The modification of the requirements applying tothe dimmers when operating nor-incendescent lamps: 4) Theadeition of test conditions fr digital load side transmission control devices; ©) Theremoval of the use of reference lamps and reference ballasts forthe tests of lighting, equipment: 1) Thesimplification and clarification ofthe terminology used fr lighting equipments 2) The classification of professional luminaires for stage lighting and studios unde’ Class A; 1h) clarification about the classification of emergency lighting equipments 1) clarification for lighting equipment including one control module with an active input power <2 Ww: DAnupdate ofthe tet conditions fr television receivers; 1) An update ofthe test conditions for induction hobs, aking also into account theother types of ‘ooking appliances: For consistency with IEC 61000-3-12, @ change ofthe scope of IEC 61000-3-? fam equipment with an input curtent = 16 Ato equipment witha ated input current = 16 A Modell Measuring cycle for single phase devices 6 A Analyzer 2s 72M ——-=Current measurement s cut Equipmentundertest ‘AMETEK scantDefinition Harmonics Harmonics are sinusoidal voltages or currents having frequencies thatare whole ‘multiples of the frequency at which the supply system is designed to operate (e.g. 5042 or 60 Hz). ‘A250 Hz sine-wave signal, superposed onto the fundamental mains frequency, will be designate as the 5" harmonic or as the harmonic of ‘Storder (5 x 50 Hz). DPA soon Single phase HaF analyser ACS 500N1 AC Source fare aga ‘Nottage 2500 Power = ec00 v8 AMETER: : Linear System TR Ina linear system (e.g. a circuit, with ideal resistors, capacitors and/or inductors), the characteristics of the voltage (U) and the current are manifested by a sinusoidal progress. The current (I contain only one frequency, the mains frequency or the so called fundamental. Beside this 50 Hz component there are no other fiequencies and therefore there are no harmonic components.Harmonic current source voltage & current flow into the capacitor Deout HMMM atujiiysuu, Time domain Spectrum or frequency domain AMETEK: Fourier transform: [Any periodic or non periodic waveform can be resolved into truly sinusoidal comporents (the fundamental frequency and the associated harmonies higher order thereo). = em Frequency spectrum Decomposition of a waveform in the time domain into sine-wave signals higher order (harmonics)Origin and Effects of Harmonics Any signal component having a frequency which is not an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency is designate as an interharmonic component or referred more simply as an interharmonic. Harmonics and interharmonics are basically the result of modern developments in electricity utilization and the use of electronic power conditioning modules. Such comfortable manner to control loads and to reduce power consumption is the source of voltage at unwanted frequencies superposed on the surply voltage. The presence of voltage at other frequencies is, as far as possible, to be avoided. Potential Sources of Harmonics + Switched mode power supplies + Dimmers + Current Regulators + Frequency Converters + Voltage source inverters with pulse width modulated converters + Lowpowerconsumption amps + Electrical are furnaces Are welding machines + Computer TV equipment “Induction motors with regular magnetizing curent associated with saturation the iron + Allequipments with builtin switching devices as aso / ‘or with internal loads with non-ineatvoltage/curtent characteristics.Effects of retroactions * Distortion of main supply voltage, unwanted currents flowing in the supply network generate additional energy losses, + Defective operation of regulating devices, disturbed operation of florescent lamps, television receivers or other equipment's, ‘+ Malfunction of ripple control and other mains signaling systems, protective relays and, possibly, other means of control, ‘+ Additional losses in capacitors and rotating machines, ‘+ Additional acoustic noise from motors and other apparatus, reducing the efficiency fon special in motors, ‘+ Telephone interference, ‘+ High amplitudes of harmonics may not only cause malfunctions, add tional losses and overheating, but also overload the network and as consequence thermal effects, on special the neutral conductor as consequence of the summation ofall, harmonics is subject to burn out. ‘Application This standard is basically applicable to all electrical and electronic equipment having an input current up to and including 16 A per phase, and intended to be connected to public low-voltage distribution systems. ‘© Equipment with a rated power of 75 W or less, other than lighting equipment © Professional equipment with a total rated power greater than 1 kW '* symmetrically controlled heating elements with a rated power less than or equal to 200W ® Independent dimmers for incandescent lamps with a rated power less than or equal to 1 kWEquipment Classification Class A + Balanced three-phase equipment: Household appliances excluding equipment identiied as Class 0; Tools excluding portable tools; Dimmers for incandescent lamps; + Audio equipment; + Equipment not specified in one of the three other classes ‘= Requirements until 40th Harmonies according to table 2 Class B = Portable tools =) Requirements until 40th Harmonies according t 1.5 times of table 1 Class ¢ + Lighting equipment ‘itis difered between equipment» 25W (table 2) end <25W (speciaD Class D + Equipment having a specified power « 00W of the following types: Personal computers and personal monitors; + Television receivers (V. Performance-elated limi values unt 39th Harmonics (only od@) according to table 3 Observation duration Quasi-stationary,, of sufficient duration to meet the requiremerts for repeatability (+ 5%) Short eyclic Tong? 10 cycles (reference method) OF To: OF Tex 245 min) suificient duration or synchronization to meet the requirements for repeatability (5%) Random Togs Of sufficient duration to meet the requirements for Long cyetic Full equipment program cycle (reference method) Toc? 2.5 min) oF a representative 2,5 min period considered by the manufacturer as the operating period with highest THC.‘Table 1 - Limit values for devices of class A Class A ‘Odd numbered Trax cuenta) | _ Evennumbered iran cuenta harmonics | harmonies 3 23 z 1.98 5 ate a 0.3 7 O77 6 03, 2 oa ens40 (023 x8/n B 0.21 — - issnsao Oa5x15/n Class B 1,57 [Klasse A] For devices of class B, no special table is given. It is just referred to the values of table 1, that have to be multiplied by 1.5, AMETEK: ‘ ‘Table 2 - Limit values for devices of class C TWarmonies rank Tmax se carent (a) 2 7 3 30% 5 10 7 7 > 5 1-39 3 (only odd-numbered harmonics) Limit values refers to the currently measured currentl!!Table 3~ Limit values for devices class D Harmonics rank ‘lowed max, Value of harmonies ‘ilowee max, Value of ” current per watt harmonies current maw 3 3 | 230 5 19 nae 7 10 O77 > 05 Oe 7 035 033 3-39 3.85)0 Seetablet (only od¢-numbered harmonies) Limit values referto the maximum value of the measured power values in OFT time windows. see 6.22 Limit application for class C equipment Discharge lighting equipment having an active input power < 25 W shall comply with one of the following two sets of requirements: Power related limits The harmonic currents shall not exceed the power-related limits of Table 3, column 2 (Classe C) orLimit application for class C equipment harmonic current, expressed as a percentage of the fundamental current 3.Order: max 86% 5.Order: max 61% Waveshape: before 60° start to flow before 65° last peak (if there are several peaks per half period) after 90° stop to flow Zero crossing ofthe fundamental supply voltage is assumed to be at 0" Example: The same EUTas on the previous page isin the limits Test procedure Measurement Procedure : © The 1,5 sec smoothing filter is applied during all observation periods. average of the measured values from indows is calculated over the entire observation period. Response 1,58 lonpassfiter Application of limits: * Only the average value for the individual harmonic current, taken over the entire observation period, shall be less than or equal the applicable limits. The 1,5 sec smoothed r.m.s. harmonic current values can rise up to 150% af the applicable limits for unlimited time duration. * Facilitation for the 21st and higher odd order harmonics. AMETEK, manEvaluation since EN61000-3-2:2006 special class A Free selectable Class A a — Class. Limit values < 150% LUmitvatues < 200% ‘tention: no exceptions for odd Harmonies 21.39 more Measuring Window For harmonic measurement a rectangular window of 10 (50 Hz) or 12 (60 Hz) periods has to be used.Interharmonies Effect of interharmonic measurements: A device with intermittent current consumption shows higher harmonic currents with interharmonic measurements DPA 500N analyser Oszilloscope ne nterharmeni ec IEC 6100047: 194 2 eee ene 2 | 139mA ‘Acs EC61000-4-7 2002-10. wth internarmonics EMC Seminar Flicker Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - part 3-3: Limit - Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current <16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection. EN 61000-3-11:2000 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - part 3-11: Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low- voltage systems Equipment witha rated current < 75 Aper phase and subject to conditional connection.Which standard has to be applied? Taestsbish tne require actual, Impedarce Zac athe point of Coupling the publi main $eastc76a z 4 i Phinomena & Definition Voltage fluctuations caused by varying load currents may also influence luminance or spectral distribution of lightning systems. The impression of unsteadies of visual sensation induced by this light stimulus is called flicker. ‘Whereby the limits on the voltage fluctuations are based on the equivalent levels of light flicker in a 60W incandescent bulb which is perceived as disturbing. 6 Graphical expression of permissible combination ATT of voltage variation (4V/V in %) NTN i eo with variations per minute. ) \CENELEC - Flicker curve Flicker is fundamentally a physiological phenomenon and is modeled to account for the overall response characteristics of the lamp-eye-brain system. Flicker is more tolerable if it occurs infrequently over short intervals. Tolerance decreases in the presence of increasing level intensity, event frequency, or event duration. P21 Heke curve of eqeal seventy EN/IEC 61000-3-3 hy measure Flicker or Voltage Fluctuations? Main purpose isto limit the variations in voltage caused by equipment connectec on the power supply system | Ra iXp a On; * Variation in load current will result in varying voltage across the net impedance ! xIy * A 2% variation in RMS voltage will result in a 4% fluctuation of light luminance of a normal incandescent bulb. This is recognized by naked eye and depending on repetition rate, it can be a very disturbing effect.Flicker set-up requirements For single phase System: Reference impedance + RA=O40 JKA= 0,25 0 bel 50 Hz 6 Generator A 2s Quellenimpedanz 5 Source eur Equipment under test == Flicker set-up requirements Test setup for3 phase systems * Very stable and accurate AC source with well known source impedance U= 4 2%; f= 4 0,5%; THD <3% * Reference Impedance R= 0,242 5; [X,= 0,15 Qat SOHZ 0,162 5 X= 0,10 Dat SoH * Accuracy impedance = + 3% * Accuracy measuring =+8%Main Flicker Parameters and Limits ‘Short Term Flicker Pst — Limit for Pyy= 1.0 ~ Observation time for Py, Tp = 10 min tong Term Flicker PLT = (Py isusing successive Ps, values) = Limit for Pyy = 0.65 ~ Observation time for Py: Tp = 2 hours (12x10min) Rennes ‘The long term flicker indicator (°,.)is calculated by the aa 3 foul hereafter, Whereby ths formula is based on Par =S Um EP sx? | ve successive Ps, values, which are been collected during the long term flicker interval. ‘The long term flicker interval as defined per lEC/EN 61000-3-3 affixed to 2hours orin ther words it comprise 12 successive P,;- Intervals of 10 minutes each Result ofa Flicker Measurement Display on the screen During the measuring After measurement is completedMore test parameters dz Relative steady state change between two Steady-State-values qui maximum relative voltage change de relative voltage change characteristic, where the voltage is » 3,3.% {In Ed. 3 of 1€C61000-3-3 d, will be defined 25 Tax Ue ‘Suggested tolerance band for Steady State wens t Steady: State values ace. TEC61000-4-15:2010 : + 0,2%Un imax For calculate the values de, dmax and dt the steady state value 1 + 2 must stay for ‘minimum of 15 (50 cycle) For these there are made 100 measurements per 1s (Half period RMS measurements)! _ aa lations EN 61000-3-3 de © 3.3% Relative steady state change between two Steady-State-values Gay! €4% OF €6% OF 7% maximum relative voltage change aC, Example fr diferent voltage change characteristic. 1.) 3,3 % 500ms relative voltage change characteristic, where the voltage is > 3,3.%‘Special parameters for dmax ‘the maximum relative voltage change max, shall not exceed: 8) 494 without addtional conditions. 1) 6%6 for equipment with automatic switching more frequently than twice per day and hasa delayed restart (the delay being not less than afew tens of seconds) of manual restart aera power supply Interruption. 9 7%for equipment which 's attended whilst in use (For example: hai dryers, vacuum cleaners...) oF |s switched on automaticaly ors intended to be switched on manually no more than twice pet day and has a delayed restart (the delay being not less than afew tens of seconds), or manual restart aftera power suppiy interruption Inthe case of equipment incorporating multiple loads, the b) and c) limits shall be apslicable onlyto delayed toads forall loads which are energised immediatly on restoration of supply affera power supply Interruption the limits given ina) shal be applied. Evaluation of dmax by manual switching Test conditions and procedure to measure the voltage variations dmax, caused by manual switching: ‘24 measurements ofthe inrush current ae effected as fellows 41, Star the test ran, 2, Switeh on the EUT (manually to generate thevoltage variations. 3. Run the EUTas long as possible under common ‘eration candions during an interval of 1 min, 4, Tum off the EUT before the 1 min. interval ends and make sure that all moveable parts come to rest, 5. Start the next measuring interval fom step 2 unit completing 24 measurements. 6, Finally, the highest and the lowest value will be sete Es mate deleted. The average ofthe remaining 22 valves is = thetinai result.£EN61000-3-11 EUT with |<16A ‘eur mit c164 Test according EN61000-3-3 with Zrf: RA=0,240 KA=0,15 at 5OH2 RN=0,160 XN=0,100 soHz ‘complies with the imits: the equipment can be declared as compliant according 1EC61000-3-3, If not compllant withthe mits: Calculation of Zmax and declare compli ‘according IEC 61000-3-11 tunderthe condition Zact <2max Basic Principle: ‘To establish the required actual Impedance Zact atthe connecting point of the eur. £N61000-3-11 EUT with 1 216A eur mite 168 Test according o €N61000-3-11 with Zest: RA=0150 jKA=0,15 Mat 5OH2 RN=0.100 RN 0,0cat50He I complies with helt, the equipment can be declared as ‘compliant according IEC 61000-3-11 und the condition thatthe service current capacity is» 100A per phase (Declare compliance according clause 4b). ‘not compliant withthe ims Test according IEC 61000-3-11 and ret Ri=0,260 y= 0.15 Qat SoH Ryw O46 Phy 0,10 Dat SOHZ Calculation of zmax and declare compliance according IEC 61000-3-11, under the condition Zact

You might also like

• The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  

  From Everand

  The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life

  Mark Manson

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (5814)
• The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  

  From Everand

  The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are

  Brene Brown

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1092)
• Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  

  From Everand

  Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

  Chris Voss

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (845)
• • Magazines
  • Podcasts
  • Sheet music
• Principles: Life and Work

  

  From Everand

  Principles: Life and Work

  Ray Dalio

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (609)
• The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  The Glass Castle: A Memoir

  Jeannette Walls

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1717)
• Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  

  From Everand

  Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance

  Angela Duckworth

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (590)
• Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Sing, Unburied, Sing: A Novel

  Jesmyn Ward

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1104)
• Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  

  From Everand

  Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race

  Margot Lee Shetterly

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (897)
• Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  

  From Everand

  Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike

  Phil Knight

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (540)
• The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  

  From Everand

  The Perks of Being a Wallflower

  Stephen Chbosky

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2104)
• The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  

  From Everand

  The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers

  Ben Horowitz

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (348)
• Bad Feminist: Essays

  

  From Everand

  Bad Feminist: Essays

  Roxane Gay

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1018)
• Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  

  From Everand

  Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

  Ashlee Vance

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (474)
• Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  

  From Everand

  Her Body and Other Parties: Stories

  Carmen Maria Machado

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (822)
• The Outsider: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Outsider: A Novel

  Stephen King

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1866)
• The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  

  From Everand

  The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer

  Siddhartha Mukherjee

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (271)
• The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  

  From Everand

  The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)

  Viet Thanh Nguyen

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (122)
• Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  

  From Everand

  Angela's Ashes: A Memoir

  Frank McCourt

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (441)
• Brooklyn: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Brooklyn: A Novel

  Colm Tóibín

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (1947)
• The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  

  From Everand

  The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy Living

  Meik Wiking

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (401)
• A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  A Man Called Ove: A Novel

  Fredrik Backman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (4770)
• The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  

  From Everand

  The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century

  Thomas L. Friedman

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2259)
• Steve Jobs

  

  From Everand

  Steve Jobs

  Walter Isaacson

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (807)
• The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  

  From Everand

  The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)

  Sarah M. Broom

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (98)
• Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  

  From Everand

  Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

  Gilbert King

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (266)
• The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Art of Racing in the Rain: A Novel

  Garth Stein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (4203)
• A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  

  From Everand

  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn

  Betty Smith

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (1929)
• Yes Please

  

  From Everand

  Yes Please

  Amy Poehler

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (1898)
• A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  

  From Everand

  A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True Story

  Dave Eggers

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (231)
• Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  

  From Everand

  Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

  Doris Kearns Goodwin

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (234)
• The Woman in Cabin 10

  

  From Everand

  The Woman in Cabin 10

  Ruth Ware

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (2522)
• Fear: Trump in the White House

  

  From Everand

  Fear: Trump in the White House

  Bob Woodward

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (738)
• Wolf Hall: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Wolf Hall: A Novel

  Hilary Mantel

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (3811)
• John Adams

  

  From Everand

  John Adams

  David McCullough

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (2409)
• On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  

  From Everand

  On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal

  Naomi Klein

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (74)
• The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Light Between Oceans: A Novel

  M.L. Stedman

  Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars

  4.5/5 (789)
• Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  Manhattan Beach: A Novel

  Jennifer Egan

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (792)
• The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  

  From Everand

  The Constant Gardener: A Novel

  John le Carré

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (104)
• November Rain Piano PDF

  

  Document6 pages

  November Rain Piano PDF

  Zsolt Gerlei

  100% (2)
• The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  

  From Everand

  The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America

  George Packer

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (45)
• Wont Get Fooled Again-BASS Sheet+TAB PDF

  

  Document5 pages

  Wont Get Fooled Again-BASS Sheet+TAB PDF

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  

  From Everand

  Rise of ISIS: A Threat We Can't Ignore

  Jay Sekulow

  Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars

  3.5/5 (137)
• Little Women

  

  From Everand

  Little Women

  Louisa May Alcott

  Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

  4/5 (104)
• A5fd0 Manual HDW Fs6006dsa++ En+ro

  

  Document56 pages

  A5fd0 Manual HDW Fs6006dsa++ En+ro

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• Laney rbg400 PDF

  

  Document5 pages

  Laney rbg400 PDF

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• Sexy - Marius Müller Westernhagen

  

  Document2 pages

  Sexy - Marius Müller Westernhagen

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• EMC-Compliant Design PDF

  

  Document80 pages

  EMC-Compliant Design PDF

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• X35 Service Training PDF

  

  Document27 pages

  X35 Service Training PDF

  Zsolt Gerlei

  100% (1)
• VW Sharan Seat Heat Circuit

  

  Document2 pages

  VW Sharan Seat Heat Circuit

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• GEPIDA Pedelec Owner'S Manual

  

  Document39 pages

  GEPIDA Pedelec Owner'S Manual

  Zsolt Gerlei

  No ratings yet
• Az Úr A Pokolban Is Úr

  

  Document19 pages

  Az Úr A Pokolban Is Úr

  Zsolt Gerlei

  100% (1)