NS Simulator For Beginners PDF

! #"%$'&)(*,+)-.$'0/21)3546487:9;3<4645=
>+@?BADCFE@!-</GH+)E@I/:1KJ #(L M?NEKO1QP#+)IRS&@0TUOVO5+)EXWZY)Y\[1
Y]-6^)_?UO9`GH+8$
?a^-<Tb?b/:1dc(eO.+)"0
f<gihkj;lnm)oihqpj;lFj;lertsuj;legvjxw;gyp{ z l {}|
~ {}{ pd {}@';

!"$#&%!')(+*-,/.- 021435.+17698;:<14=>=/?"@A0;BC%6D.+,>EFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF H
! JI&'KB%!143MLN6/'BPO4,/.!*-,9%!@Q@R?C1;* EFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF H
SJ;"TV$UXdeWY1;?"6D?CZ%[4B"\?gf%^6/?g]E.+1^`_a%-Z14XWb3hX6D:\,9[4@R`?"_a12T %6D?".-1iFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF 4`cj
;; wylkGx>*-:Kmn:\1+1;6/?"6D=t?".-%!1o143^.!p%!O4%VO41;Bg?C:\'6r%!qs6D.+?".-,/14(Q=z.!pGB"? F12(+E=tF%!E143^F1;F.;E3;F:\=uEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF v{
;; w4w4" |}sI#~..!!::,,sItNskN~~zFFGGFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF !{
;;jlt;a')?Cw48;=904:w 34%B"0;? =9B"N?%146/kN*V?g.+~:1!q&:041+?"6/=/6/8^?"=R14.!*QF698;E12:\%!F,@F69,/GG%5FF'GEE=/FF.-EE02,/FF':\FF=EEFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFF 44-j
; vyI; ,/v4%-"'K ?C1;*I,/%-F'KF?C1;E*RF.-aEeF:'KE6/=FFFGGFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF !v!v
;; v4v4 w I+69,/,/%-02'K'K?C1;6/02*Q,D%V:F.!=/04p26/,9=D%!:\6':G.!pm2Bg:\:!=:1-F69=EFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF +!{
;t;%-a14" 3;.-@z+:\:\%!34,/=t?"%-%!;14Bg3h:=*!F:1;E:\F,9%F6/.-G,9=AFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF !{!{
;a ,/:\%!6D?C1;*Qt%!1434.-@%-,D?C%!;B":\=FEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF !{
yw4¡o"$a¢£~s\,/b.;'K¢A:=/n=/`?"14¤*R¢V34¥%!`6/¦%Am2\`B":\[4=&-_Mq&?"§¨6/8ªZ_a©!T «;¬FEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlw - w
w4w4 wJ lN~s,/=/.;?C1;'K*5:=/®;=/?"¯;14°*R±$34%!E6/%AFm2EB":\F=&Eq&F?"6/F8hG±2°+F¯4E²³FEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFlw lw+!j
w4w4y l~´~´·¶;B"B".!.!696/6/,/6D6D%-?C?C'K1;1;6D*V*V?C1;q&q&*Q?"?"6/6/?C1a8^8hp.-¶;*-,91a*-@Q,904%!O;%O4B"6D.!8?".-6µ1hFq&FF?"GG6/8;FF?C1oEE%AFF69EE'KFFB=9FF',/EE?CO;FF6¸EEFFFGGGFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFlw
jw4 vJ lw-aH
lw -H
¹ 2º "$_+T!kG`:\»=9\'X,/?"O;6/?g[n.+1^.pTItXW¼s~ÃZ[;EF½FGnF¾tE¿AFÀRE]<FÁ4F] EFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlw -Â{
22""!!" xNLG')a(+e:14'K.6/q&?g-Bg::\3;=*!.:p¨@AIt:s1+6/~=%!F143ÊFq&?CE14F3;.FqEÄnF.EqÃF'K.+G1+F6/,/F.!B<EFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFlw lw --{{
22""!! w kGÆ.-Å;=914=D%!:@R=%-?C'F143o'K.-%Q14*!3;:\Å;=/146D?"%!.-@R17?Cq&'N?"6912843;,/:\.=9q8;.!FBC3ÊÇ¼FEÈXÉÊFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF nn
22 wy JI2It",/s!%-~'Kj ?C1;.*V!de:1;%!,s?"146D143^?C%.!6/%!?C=D?"1414Å5%!*5BgB"Å;?C%R14=/(a?"'==>.-.!14%!p1414·´:\3^'K¶;6/Ìa%-?g0;.+@Q1:\04O;:<BgF:E@AE:¶½F.+-1;F?"696DE'K.-BË,/F?C1;EE*¸FFGGGFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFF
nn

2 ,/:\%6/?"14*Q@Q%-1-Åh'K.-121;:\'6D?".-14=q&?"6/8o,9%!143;.+@
p:\%!6/04,/:\=bEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF;
w

2j a8;.+,D6>Its~'.-141;:'K6/?g.+14=GFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFJj!
2 vyxt34`%-14'K:3o@A.+1;?"6D.-,/?C1;*Q6D.a.!BC=µEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFJj!v
2·¶;:,/'?"=/:\= FEFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlv
c 5½\X b[2_+ ¢ n`¤ [2Wb-T
j;"$N14?"'\%!=/6>,D.+0;6D?C1;* EFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlv-w
j; t:\6rqs.+,/(73;Å;14%!@R?C'=EFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlv-v
j; w M0;B"6D?C'%-=D6>O2,D.-6D.;'K.-B"=hEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlv-v
j; w4" I&8;:FkG:\12=D:<@R.;3;:iGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlva
j; w4 >.+0;6D?C141;*52%!=/:\3h.-1^%AuO2.-?"1+6 FEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlva
j; +?C@ 0;BC%6/?"14*5@ 0;B"6D?C'%-=D6&,/.-0;6/?"1;* FEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlv-H
j; 2" k @A.;3;:ÃFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy;
j; 2 >.+0;6D?C1;*Vq&?"6/8o%Q'K:1-69,/%!Bg?"f:35uO2.-?"1+6ËGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy;
j;j LG4=/:\,/%6D?".-12=s.+1^6/8;:<=/?"@A0;BC%6D?".-1h.pÖ;?C@R32@h 6/'B FFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy
j; vJ·¶;:,/'?"=/:\= FEFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy
º 5[nW t[2Z º T![4` c
v4"$kG:\=9',/?"O;6/?g.+1^.pt·´k FFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy!j
v4 +:\6D6D?C1;*V>·skÊO4%-,/%-@A:\6D:,/=?C1^12=tFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFyv
v4 w +?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+1^:K¶4%!@QO;B":\=ÊFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy-
v4 w4" kE,D.+O769%?"B40 ½:\,5FGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFy-
v4 w4 >·skÊ40 ½:\,>q&?g698^%-0;6D.+@Q%6D?C'EO4%!,9%!@R:\6D:\,'.-1am2*+04,9%6D?".-1 FEFGFEFFEFEFlH
v4 w4 w >·skÊ40 ½:\,>q&?g698h.-6/8;:,&O4%!,9@Q%6/:\,9=FEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlHa
v4 ª.+1;?g6/.-,/?"14*AÄn.q>=£FEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFlHa
v4jl·¶;:,/'?"=/:\= FEFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{
º " !´_a`_a[;_+ËUP_a$ #P!_aT Â
a"$kG:\=9',/?"O;6/?g.+1^.p%-=/=904,/:\37p.-,/q%-,/34?"1;*AkN%? =D:,D FGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{-w
a ª>·skÊ,/.-0;6/:\,9= EFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{!
a ;" &N:1;:\,9%BP3;:=/'\,D?CO;6/?g.+1hFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{!
a ; s.+1am2*-02,/%!6D?".-15.!p M>·´ku?C1^14=ªEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{!
a ; w ItsÆÌa0;:,DÅa?C1;*QFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{+j
a wJkG:Kmn1;?C1;*5On.!B"? '?g:= FEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{+j
a w4" kG:\=9',/?"O46D?".-1 EFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{+j
a w4 s.+1am2*-02,/%!6D?".-1ÃFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{a
a w4 w ItsÆÌa0;:,DÅa?C1;*QFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{a
a +?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+1^.p34'? =D:,D½O4,/.!6/:\'6D?".-1h.p;0;BC1;:,/%-;Bg:FO4%-')(:\6/=QFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{a
a 2" I&8;:<=/?C@ 0;BC%6/:\3^=/':\14%-,D?". FEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEFl{a
aj +?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+1o,D:=/0;B"6/=EFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\+j
a vJkG?"=9'04=9=/?g.+14=&%!143o'.-14'B"04=/?".-14= EFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\-v
a·¶;:,/'?"=/:\= FEFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\-v
()![4Z[4`_a[ _+ ¢ n`¤T + *½
H4"$#&%!')(+*-,/.-02143 EFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\a
H4 +?C@ 0;BC%6/?"14*VÆ,x G=&q&?"6/8o14= FEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\-H
j
Â {4 " I&XZ_¼8;:<,/_-.- 0;¢ 6/?"14`*Q¤%!T Bg*-.-,/?g6984@Q=FGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF!-
{4{4""!!" kGxN:\3=/ 6D84?C.a14' %6/LG?g.+1h1MkG+:\:\@QÌa0;%!:14143^'K:kG37?"=/kG6/%-?"=/146/'K%-:F14'K}:F:}'K6/:.-'K,6/.-´,xt´LNk<k>+£k>EFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF!!
{4{4""!! w kGI:\Å;@Q14%!On@R.-,9?C%' B"g+Å^.-04LG,9,9'K3;:E:>,D:.+350;>6D?C1;.+0;*6D?C1;k<*5+x> B"*!.+E,D?"6/F82G@F´FItELNFtExFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF!!ww
{4 {4+?C;@ "0;BC%6/+?"14?C@ *504@AB"%!.+6D;?".-?"Bg1o:F=/1;':\:\6r14qs%-.+,D,/?"(a. =uFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF!!\\
{4{4 wy{4Ixt,/12;%-%'KB":GÅa=/p?C.- b=,9@Q.,Dp}?"%6D=D?C6 1;?C@ *VF0;69BC8;E%:F6/F?g6/.+E'1hBF,/=/:\'\F=9,D0;?CGO;B"F6/6>=
EEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFF!!!\v
{4j {4s.-j;@Q" O4%-,DIt?C=/s.-~15q&.!?"6/:8o,kF.-6/+8;µ:,&%!F3Gr8;F.;E'GF,D.+E0;6DF?C1;F*
EFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF !!
{4{4j;j; w ItItss~~..!!::,,xtItLNLNk>txGGFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF
{4 vy{4I&{48;v4j;:F" ?C1+6D#&+:\,9.+%!%!@R')'(+6D:<*+?".-'K,D1h.+.-04@Q.14p¨@R3ËIt:\1+Es69~F= Fq&GG?"6/FF8oEE698;FF: EEMFFxtFFEEO4FF,DEE.-6DFF.;'KGG.-FFBsFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFGGGFFFEEEFFFFFFEEEFFFEEEFFF !w!w!w
{4{4 v4v4 w I&+?C8;@ :<04=/B"?C%!@ 6D?"0;.-BC1o%6/,D:\:3^=/04=/Bg'69:\= 14%-F,D?".EFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFFGGFFFFEEFFEEFFEEFFFFEEFFGGFFEEFFFFEEFFEEFF +
{4 v4 ª.;3;?gmn'\%6D?".-1h.p}14=p.+,6/8;:<'\%!=/:
GFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF !{
+*YÀA\2Zg[4TT\+X?C!@ [40;Z BCP%6/?"14_a*5_a%!X1 Wb P;_+ ZXTk;G%-143^k aFÌa0;:0;:\=FEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF;\ w2
\2 |¨?"14?g6/: Ìa0;:\0;:QEFEFEFFGFEFEFFEFEFGFFEFEFEFFEFGFEFFEFEF\w-w
7»»_; 5[2W #4[2X[ ZX_+T [4`¤ n`½ ; ½
4S 7»»_; ` ÀA½P§¨_a!_¼X\_a$ #4[4ZT ; Â
v

¸>
&I1;:\8;6r:7qs.+12,/= (Q=/:\?"@ABg:0;@AB":%!1+6D.+6/=>,<%-'K14.-37:\.!,9=Fp69%o,/%!5:\,/'GÅ¼@RBC%!.;,/3;*!:\:VB"=\1a04 Y@A:F2:'\,<%B".Pp>6/8;%-:O4=DO;:B"? -'\=D%?C6D@ ?".-0;12BC=%6/:\.3hp>.-O4a,/.!e:6/'K.a69'=.!2BCÏ= &.84p>:F1;*!:\.-6rqs%!B½.+.,/(¼p¨.-6r04Åa,On:\1;= .-6D:\.=p

?C%!=Q'\Ìa6rqs04%.!?Cp1+.!6DBC:\337q&.+1 ?"6/8Ã.+1;%!:^14823%!6D14.3026D14. 3;Bg:\:,9%!=/,96/1 %!128;3.qz6/8;:Y6D..-04On=/:\:o,9%126/?g=R.+14=/?C=5@ .!0;p BC%=D6/.+.-@A, ´:¼%!.14p<36/.-841 : 6/=/8;?"@A:o0;.-BC6/%8;6D::,R382.-%!;14e3:\'K69=76D.b04n=/?C:\1;'K*.+@R14:=
=/ :?"@A=/On0;:\B"'%!?"6D%!?".-Bg"14Å5=\69ÃL84,DG.+0;04*-,V8h1;%.-6DBC:%!=5,/*!O4:E,/.1a+04?C@ 3;:on:\6/,84.!:\,/p:K6/p'.-B,/:ª=9'1;,/?".!O;6Q69= .+ 1;;Bg4Å 0;6>=D.+%@RBC=/:o.R%R2%!3;=/:\?"=V=9'%-,/?C14O;36D?".-3;1h:\=9.'p,/?"6/O48;6D:F?".-=/1 ?"@A.0;pEB"%!146D=5:35=/?"@A.-;0;eB":\%!'K6D69.+=,
|¨?"12%B"gÅ 4qs:Gp.;'02=&.-1h6/8;:<%-14%B"Å;=D?C=.p¨6/8;:<n:\82%`+?".-,.!p6/84:<=D?C@ 0;BC%6/:\3^.-;e:\'K69=&04=/?"1;*V14=t=D?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+14=\
4=/?"%-@A')(-0;I&*+B"8;%!,D:^6D.+:043o1;14.!37.-6/a:\?"=Re1o:%!'KO46t,/,/:7.!04*+?C=/1-,/?C1;6/%-:\*7@R1414@R34=\:\?C&d31;*e6/1ª.Y.+,6/8;82q>:\%B"8;6NO.QO2=D04q69,/04%-On3;1+.-:6=/1-:6/69.Qn= qs}Bg::A:%!1;,9O4*!17,D?C.1;69a:\84?C:\,D3;,9.+:<= 0;%V*-.+8^, BC%!,/=/,/:\?"*!@Q=/:<:\O;%!1aB",9:F04')@A8;:K¶4:2,/%!:=F@Q,>q>O;.84B"p:\.Y69=&'K1;84B:\.=/:\q'\3 ,D?C6DO;14.V6/.!=t%-6A146/8284%%`B"%!Å;!6N=D:7:F'\%!@A=/1ª.-04@Rn')8 ::
0pX4,/=/.-:\@£3A-:ÅE¶;%-698;@Q:O;,/Bg:\:%-= 3;:\q,:Q=/.N=/8;%!.+=0;6DBC.E3Y=/@R6/%!:\,/1+66/O2?g.+,D1¼.-*-69,984%!%@Q6F@R%h?"1;!*&:\,/?CÅª@QBC@R%!,/:\*!3;:A?C%1a6/:04B"@AÅ!|22:.-,E,¨.,/p:\:K%-¶43;%!:\@Q,9=PO;q>B":\8;=G.G?C%!=F,/%:´BC?C,D1+:6D%!:\3;,/Åª:\=/%`6D:3F%?"6DB %-.G;B"B":\:A%!,9?C11
6/:84B":\:t'6/=D,/.!.-p6r1;q?C'%-%!,DBg:&"Å½O4 %-M')(`%!%,9*!' :&&G.!p,/:69?C8;= :N =1269=0;=D6D?C.+@ ,D?C04%B"B %!E6D%!.-14,3^´L6/N846/:F846/:\0;,}6/69.-0;,/6D?"%!.+BP,D?C-%"Å BC=!!'K%!.+:<1+6/%8a?C1;04?C141;*Q*<%-@Q14%!3 1+ÅM:%!¶4,9%!(7@QsO;BCB"%`:\Åa=Ón%-.a,D.!:&B #%`%?"BC%!;B":
@Q%?C|21+.+6/%,7?C1;%:3h@A0404O')8 6/. 3;r:34%!%On6/:\:E,^%!%6=D69$'04&(3;&+Å *± .),+-p<+6/«a84«a:Y*« 14.0/2=^1'=D/3?C@ .r2° 0442B"56%!+86D.-79,51:72.-© 1;;<: +=7>=/8;18+2.+0;BC3,D:p:\,56/. 698;:Y14=^@Q%!1a04%!Btq>8;?C')8?"=
:O2,D:=D:1-6?C1 698;?"=}n.a.-(<@Q%-1-Å<=/?C@RO4Bg: 20;68;.-On:KpX04BgÅR04=D:pX0;?B =9'K:14%!,/?+p.-,¨=/?"@A0;B"%!6D?".-14=\+?"@A0;BC%6D?".-12=
.-@QO4;,/%`:\eÅ^=/:\:\'K341+69='?6E½q>:\ B",t?8412pX%(+,D6E.+=7@zq1;:V.;:3;'K%!:\.-')=@8o12<=D.-?C%!3;6/14:\8;3,E:,t6/O4.ª?C,/1M.!269@QC: 'K.!%!!B"1+6r:\ÅaÅo=QO4%!04?"'\=9=/O2%:\B:37'K6/::=\69¶;'%-6/@Q8; :RO;Bg%!::M=O4Qd3;O4.Bg?Cp'1;%!.-.!6D1;?"6V.-:V14%!1;=?"@:\n:\6/34.-%=FOn6V.!%o2B".!:\@R*-?"14?g.-:*,/= :Q:KO4:K¶4¶4%!8484,9%!%!%-02@R04=D=D6/:6/?g6/-?g:\-:B,9:VA=&3;?".12:\p=D=96/1;':\:\,/%!?"6rO43qs6D.+?"q.-,/1(:

.%!pn.-1404= 6.-.!1;69:<8;:\@Q,A%Ò2Åh.+=/mn=/14?C;3o?gB"?"? 6t6D?"!:\=:,DpÅ^.-, 04=/'):K84pX.+0;.+B=D6D?C.71;*M'.-1;14:\=96r0;qsB"6>.+,/6/(Y8;:A:B"14:\=N@R@Q:1-%-691+= 02}%1;EB :\D6r&xqst.+,/1M( %!O4Bg6/,/:\.!,96/14.a%'6/.!?g-BC=F:<.-=D, ?C@Q6/8;O;:\Bg: ?",RqO4%`%-Åh,/%-6D@A.7:\(a6D1;:.,/q=
6/%!3;84O2?C=/:Ó;'Bg3;?"?CO4:K'Bgm%!?C1;6D1;?":\?g.-6/=G1Q?g.+%!O41412%-=3M,/.!%-O4p;@A%!@R,9:\.+%!6D;:@R,/?gB":\= :6D:\1;:,969.;=&'3;?C:!1M=P?C=q698;6/.-.F:<0;Bgm2BC.a3EB".-:A2(A:¨123;=mn?Cr,D12Ìa:3E0;'K:\6D?"1EB"0;ÅA:-69%!8;696'K:}B 6/m2½84B"::>:´6/'!14Bg?Ctk=4 ,9G@R%!:K,/.+pXÅF;%-?gm20;B":\BgB"69:\14=E=}.a69O43484%!:!%,96/6s%!'K@R3;B :K:6/mn6/8;:\14.+,9:>=D=>:6/'8;3;%-::1MG@ =/'\nF!,D:<|?C;2p?C.-1;.+02*&,}14:KÌa3¼¶40;%!:\%!@Q0;6t:\O;6/?"14B"84: *:
m26D.VB":>')148;=: ')3;(V:pX6/%!840;:EB"6m26/Bg:<'B 12= N Bg.!?C6D:-6/'6/B.<%!=(a1;q.:Fq =/q>84%!8;Bg?CP')=/8Q::E3;:K?CpX1o%-0;%!B"1h6:K.-¶4a%!e:@Q'KO;6}B"?C:F=?",/1ª:BC%+6D::'K3R6D?".-6D.F1 q>48;4?C')8Q'K.-@Q@Q%!123 !.+1;:&@R%`ÅR1;::3
]:U^N8zHUÎ\@Z:JKJa]rJXJMN2LO_{N:cZsIQcP,J?ijR0\:SQiuUtLTitZ:R0vWuIQN:WXVXIN8U^v UÛ,SQU,]:R0R0VXm=WXWYceUZ:IQh=Z[WXUZ=v J?p:R0\:v6q|U*kce]:Z:ZOIQWaWgV?àcU^bJ?P^vQmOJ?w^_JXx=_V?yL[V?R0I}kR0Z:SdWaceàIQbZ:c]:J?UgP,fBSdcev \@UgJ?fBq*h'Sij\:U^VXU*]:IQV?U,PgJ?_V?L[kZ:WaàbeklP^_m:SQ]T\=R,nU*_0J?\:U^VoSQ_ZOpU,VYZ=R0q*U^WKJX\:ReJ

~ \@WXU^JaUKJXN2\@{ JacJ?ceN(Z:{ IQcS Uciuv iijNOitI v U,v IQ]OW?m8I v c0U,3]Om8:cec Z:WXZ:R0q|ceZ:WgceZ:Wa`M]:_@P^m:q*U^Z@JXReJXIQ_Z2v \@J?q*S
Z:W?`R0SQ IQZO_Z:UgàbvQw^x=yRceZ:WaàbvQw^x=yRcJ?P,SdceSQI x

H

!#"%$'&()$+*,'-.$'/0/1324"%567*)
ELGI&'K=DB ?C@ %!0;1^BC%.-6/;.-e,F:\'K?C=R64.+,D%!?"=/:\:\1+3b6D:.+371b:6r¶;qs6D:\.M12=DBC%!?".-141h*-04.%!p}*!I&:\=\'KAB?}%-?"1+1b6D:.-,/aO2e,D::\'K6D6A:\, .-4,/04?g:=/1-:\6/3^:\36D.Q=/?":@A¶a:0;'BC0;%6D6/.+:<, 04=/q>:\,,/?g=6/6D'K:\.+1@Q?"@R1 %-91483o8 =/'\},D?C%!O;12693= %

'6/K84.+:\@Q@ÊO;?gB":\823M%!9=<8%ª8u,/?"')8;8 ?g:B",/? %-2,/,/')%-8+,DÅ5ÅM%-.!14p3714:698;6rq:<.-?C,91+(¼6D:\%!,9O412,/3 :6/O2:\,D3ª.-6DLG.;I&'K.-'KB}BP.-.+a1;e::;'Kq&6/=\?"oI6/8o&.+8;1;:\:E,/:56D.V%!,/.-:Q14:E6rqs'.M.-,9',DB":%-=/=/On=<.-1284?g34:%!,/14%-',/'):G8;n?":\:=\6rFq:6/:841 :

:\I&'\8;0;?C6DI&=>?".-8;%1¼:QB" .6D'Kq>?C.+@R@R=s:\.+O4=\1;?gB":E:\I&36D8;.V9 ?C=N,/8:\?C34=G8
04?"'1Y8;:<?"O4:\O4,9%!%!%!,/'),96D(!')?C':8+046Å^B"%!%-%!14,NBg3^"04.q>=/:\:K!=NpX:\04021+B6&=Ep.+O46D.o,G,/.;6/%!'K8;'):\:Q8;=9=/?"3;:?"1;:-*R69:A%6D:?"Bg?CV:@R3¼':!?g3;:14:mn'KÅª1;?"6D?C1Y?".-16/8;%!:V14=/3M?"@A.-0;OnB":\%!,96D%?".-6D?"1Y.-1M%!14.3¼psO4pX%!,/.!=/6D6/:.;,N'K.!:BC¶ =\
=6/984O2:5:'KI&'K?gmn.-8;'E@Q:1QO4O;,D?"?"1QB.-:\6D369.;8;'K8;:E.-?gB":LG=,/I&%-%!,/12'')B2378+=/Å %!'\O2,D?CO;%-O;Bg146´?C'3YO2%!,D6D6/.?"8;.-a:Q14?C3;=sp:\.+6/3Q,/82@¸%+6ÅA.!qs69ps8;:G6/:N84q&:V02?C=D=/.-:870;, 69-6DO4.Vqs0;:t=D6F?C@'\6/%!82041Q%B"%!6E3;6D::qsmn:Q1;q>:Nq&8;%F?C.+=/O2=D8Y:E%!6D,/2.o6D:?C'84.+0;%`;BCa6/%!%!?g,.+?"1¼,´14:?CpX=6r,Dq.+%.-@£BC,D,9:(<6/%!846D3;.+:QÅVO2=/3;.-?C:@Bg.-mn*!0;1;ÅBC:%!376/6/.-84?C,\1 :
I6/&'8;B¥s:^Æ LG:=I&69'84Bs%'\6>%!1b'\,D:@Q%%!6D:(=&:h%Q04=D@R:7%!.6/p&')8;6/?C8;1;:7*Q.-.apeLG:'KI&6/=A'KBP'K.+.+a@Re:\O4'?gB"6:\3bp.-,?C1 :\%-9 ')8788.!p6969848;,/:A.-90;*+88 8A%-1 LGI&'KBsBg?C14(`%*-: 3;.+1;:704=/?"14*
q>drk 8;a?CE')%R87ª=9%-')?",D8;=E:t:\%h34@Q043;%!Bg?":?"=91+3V'6/,/%!6D:?C?"6/@R14:A:\:G35:\!%-+:14Å51-356G% 69=D8;=9?C:G@')8;On04:.!B"34%!?C0;1+6D.-B"6D:\:, ,\,sxq>6/N.A8;15:\%-,/15::A-.-:\69;8;1+e:Q6´:\'K?C%!=6s3;%!6/841V%!%!12.+6'Ka: 82e:\%!.!'14p´6´3;6D?CB"?C15:\@R=69:V698;8;:F3;:N:\9 On:\8!:\:148Ë1-326\=N84}I?g.+&:1M,/8;%-69:N,/8;')=9:A8+')Å 8;6/?":\q&@R32?"0;?C6/1;8^Bg:*^,s%!.17(!p´:04::\1;O4!?C:\=sÌ+1+%-04691 :=
.-6D.V,93;n::F,D::K37¶;:\34'\%!0;6/6D%V:3o=/6/,9%!0414'K3h6904mn,D,/: :\= 6/6/8;84::\,D@ :<%-.-,D1;:G:Fp.-+02Å5, .-4144: 04;6t?C1-+-Å7.-3;(+:K?C1;pX%-*Q0;6/B"6t8;:<14=&84%-0414=/:<3;B"%V:\,=D.!?C@QpO;6/84B":G:FB":?C14!:(1+:63 B"?C=D6@q&?g698o6/8;:F:\!:\1+69=
<; = >5 ?$'&A@0*>5CB'!)!?2D2E13$'
I&%A'K!B :\,/ ÅVI.a=D.!?C@QB¨sO;B".+:G@Q=/?"@R1+69%-%14¶;3o?"=Æ%!%-121;35*-02?"6%*!%!:BBg".q>?"=N=04% =/:\-3o:\,/pÅR.+,>:%!@R=/ÅQ?gB"g?"?"1+.-6D12:\=t*-.!,9%p}6/On?g.+:1V.+O;q&B":<?g69?"851M.-6/6/8;8;:<:,sqBC.-%!,/14BC*-304d%!r*!6t:\?C=\=tÏ%V&BC'K%!B½1;q*+%-04=s%*-'\:F,D:q&%6/?g:\6983

+Å !-8;.-1ªLG04=/6D:\,98;.+0;6I&8;:F')84%-,/%-'K6/:\,/?"=/6D?C'=.p6/8;:=D:FBC%!14*-04%!*!:E%!,/:!
F dr6%!Bg".q>=&%ApX%!=/6&3;:-:B".-O4@R:\1+6
F dr6O2,D.a?C3;:F%A*+,/%-O48;?CÌa0;:N?C1+6D:,epX%-'K:
F dr6?C=>'.-@QO4%6/?"4Bg:Eq&?"6/8o@Q%!1+Å7O;BC%69%p.-,9@Q=
F dr6?C=Ä2:¶;?";B":Ep.-,?C1+6D:\*-,9%6D?".-1
F dr6?C=&:%!=/Å56D.V04=/:
F dr6?C=pX,/::
G :,D:F%-,D:E=D.+@R:E2%!=/?"'\=.p¨6/'KB%!143ªLN6/'BO4,/.!*-,9%!@Q@R?C1;*2
F xt=9=D?"*-1;?C1;*^%5%BC0;:R6D.h%h%!,/?"%-;B":<?"=E3;.+1;:R6/84,/.-0;*+8ª6/84: 12° &'V'K.+@Q@R%-14<3 A½p.+,N:¶4%!@QO;B":!| 12° &IH

J R%!=9=/?g*+14=6D.5^6/8;:F%!B"0;:E.!p¨2Ï&84?"=&?C=:\Ìa0;?"%B":\1+6&6D. KHML J A?"1ªp.+,:K¶4%!@QO;B":!
F 8;:\1q:5q&?C=/8b6/.¼04=/:56/84:7%BC0;:h%-=/=/?"*-1;:3Y6/.¼%ª%!,/?C%!;B": qs:h=/8;.+0;BC304=D:Ô
`qs%-:F,D?C=9%!8;4.-Bg0;:-BC|3hnq>.-,,D?":K6D¶4:-%-t@R'1!O4°2Bg: &Q+?gPSp¨qsR+:E©(4q%!1+6s6/.V%!=9=D?"*-176D.Q%!,/?"%-;Bg7: PV6/84:F`%!B"04:G6984%6% %!,/No?C%!=/;?g*+B":E1©5284:p%!.-= ,/;:56/8;6/:841 :
F xu@Q%6/84:\@Q%6/?"'\%B.+O2:,/%!6D?".-1^?C=t3;.+1;: 04=/?"14*56/8;:A:K¶4O4,/:\=9=D?".-1^'K.+@Q@R%-143&|n.-,&:¶;%-@QO;Bg: n?gp}qs: q&?"=98
6DPW.5Ve%!X° =9P-=/?g±4*+Y¯ 176/R+.5Q© %QZS`%-RK,DHM?C[-%!24Bg:TP7698;:<=904@z.!p%!B"0;:=&.p}=/.-@R:F%!,/?"%-;Bg:=>©5%-143UH 2qs:<=98;.-04B"3^q>,/?g6/: '1!°2&
\<] _â` P^S TIQWuR ] P^Sdc<^cb!b IQZJXU^Ved R0PÛ6f whgji

>' {
F de.-11oI&6/84'K: B6/8;%:hBC0;:`%-Å-,D.-?C%!0ª4%-Bg:=/=<=/?g%!*+,/1o:76D1;.5.-?"6<6N|6rÅ;2O2.+:,t3 :¶;=D%-.Y@Q%ªO;Bg: %!,/%-?"%-=/=9;04Bg:h@R':<%!69184%n6N:hqs%¼:<=Dq69,D%!?C1+1;6N*M6D.+.7, O4%!,/1b?C1-6N?C1+6/6D8;:\*!:R:\,D,A:=/3;04:\BgOn6N:\.12p3;6/?"1484*:
±(?"3;145'?ga34& ?C?"1
=D'\?"%.-6D 1Y:EVe°6984P+±4v!%6&2¯dq=:Fp¨+ qs3;J.5:E[1;q> .!,/6?g696/q8;: :\.-1 ,9(Q6/84q&:M?g698^,D:?"=/1+0;6DB":\6V*!q&:,/?"=Bgt4%!n14:M3^=9Ã8;.-I0;.BC3^846/%`8a-04:^=696r8;Å;:MOn: 'K.+,/,/:\'6R,/:\=90;B"6 q:o14::\3 6/.
±(5'& 1
Ve° P+±4¯ . J + J . J [
F
q&I&?g8;B"P:A1;=/.!?g*+6&1 :¶; :\'=D04696D%!:E,/6/6/=G8;?C%5=&'KB"?.+14@Q:!@A:1+6D:\3¼Bg?C1;:A6/84%!6N?C=N14.!6NO2%!,/6t.p698;:AO2,D.-*-,9%!@ n=/.7698;:A69'KB?"1+6/:\,9O4,D:\6D:,
F
q&6/I8;.Q?g:<B"}'',/2.-:\:5@Q%!6D04@Q:N=/:\%!% 3¼14m23q&B": ?g;691!8;.+°21;?C&1Y:G69828;/!%!:Q²-=°6/6D'.QB*!VO4?"!,D!±2.-:N°B*-?g7,96&%!%R@i9/!14²+?C%!1¼°B@R72.+: ©O,/4;½3;=/°:%`,tÅ « 6/[.^mn,/Bg::BC14%%!6/@R:A:6/.o;?g%!6 1437=/%`6D Å .Q%!m2=9B"=D:!?"*- 152 %RI&On8;.!?C?C=E1-6/?":\=E,3;6/.+.A1;?":Q6q&6/84?g69%!8 6
F I&04=D8;::t3 4'K.+%Q@Q1;@R:qÃ%-14Bg3Q?C1;-±:F5'?C&=&1N=D69?C%!=´,/046D:=/:\33Q}Ip.+.V,´%Ò4!,/.-?C1-?"3h6/?"141;* :qÃ%!1VBg?C.+1;0;: 6/4O2.-0;1;6:F84t%-.-=6D6D:-.5:%!%!32')38Q86/7?"@RB74:t°!69«n8;²6s: /O74-± ° 5-%& p186/:\E,'K6/.+84@R: @Q±-%-5'14&93Q18?"=
'KR.- @Q/!²+@Q° %!123 &4dX° P-pG& q >I:oq%!%-21-0;6QB"%!6/6D.?C1;*5O4,D?C?C=N1+6Q34.-?"1+1;6D:R.-%YÅom2?C14B":=/:\,/ 6D=9?C%`1;Å"* 69!B8;&½:ªt|.-21;.+:o,tq:¶4:ª%!@Q3;:KO;mnB"14: :\3? ps%!%5n`.%-!,DB: ?CE%!4qBg: :o6r=9Å;%Ò2Å7:o¶ -±5'84& %-1=
6/148;%!:E@R:E%?"BC*=0;: m2B":\%-1414%-35@AqO: :ER6rq&Åa?gOn69:N8h±(6r5'q& .Q1I:B"R:\@R/!:\²-1+°69=t 3P$'¶ R#R%!P 12 N"3 6/ 8;8:R17=D69:8;O4?"=%!,9q&%?"6/B :\½3hO2-,D?CÅh1+6%Q%A6/%!B"? 21;0;:EB"%!?C1+6D.+6D.R,=96/8;O4:G%-'Km2:!B":Eq>8;.-=/:
F ·:K¶4¶;%!:\@Q'\0;O;6DB"?": .-1q.!:RpA@Q% %`Åª0414q? ¶%!1+'6E.-14@Q=E@Q6D%!.o14?C31;?g6/?"?C%!=^6D:Q3;.-6/841;:Q:b34+?"Å=9O;6rBCÅa%`ÅªO4?"1;.p* %^:'¶a02:,D@'-:Aq>%-148;3.+=D69:Q8;34:\%!16/%^6/8;%!: ,/:A'K.+*-@R?g-@Q:\1M%-14?C1 3
|%76r2q.+. ,
'K%!.!14BC3h04@Qq&1¼?gB"m2nBg:V:Fq>14%-,D@R?"6D6/:\:\3 1o!%!34=\%! 6/%25q&?"6/8;?C1b6/8;:V=/?"@A0;BC%6D?".-1PQI&84?"=F'\%!1 2:504=/?C1;*o6/8;:R¶;*-,9%!O48Y'K.+@R@Q%-143
° P4° % Pa®;¯a©!-± $ 4;2© &4' ©&
1;.-6D:E6/84%!6&6/8;: &'A=/?g*+1^?"=&04=/:\3^6/.Q82%`!:E6/8;:<'.-@Q@Q%!143h:K¶;:'0;6/:\3h?"1^6/84:<4%!')(+*-,/.-0214>3 /
F I&8;:F=D69,/04'6/04,/:E.p}%!1 /(5'K.+@R@Q%-1437?C=>%-=p.!B"g.q>=\
/)
*X° P+±;¯;6° 1-1'/(B7,+*
- X° P4° %:5-&4° 1:;½
° %O;-;½B© 7 461.
+°;² 1°,*
- X° P4° %:5-&4° 1:;½
° %O;-;½B© 7 461.
+
I& - 8;°X: P;°/(5%:5''K&4.+° @R@Q1:%-;½14°
3h%'\O%!;-1o;½n©B:<7 461;1:\.2=/6D^:3hO4%!q&,/6?"6/8ot.-.!6/8;6/:7:*, 6984 %/(6A-!q>=8;%!:\1213h6/q&:\=/?"6/6D8?C1;*¼+°a:² Ìa1!04(° %!B"=?g6r6/Å 82}%qs6>:h'%-=/1h8;.+%-0;O4BC3On:\04%!=/,: ?C1oL 6/L-84:
%!143^1;.!6 0/l4Ï&8;:F?C1;:\Ìa04%!Bg?"6rÅ5?C=q>,D?"6D6/:\1^q&?g6928 1 L
F Æ.a.-O4=84%`-:E6/8;:Ep.-Bg".q&?"14* p.+,/@^
0+, ¯ - X°* P4°1!B°%:&5-&4°/ J1:;½+
° *Y%R6O;-/ ;½-B© 7 3461+,. */O7%¯ /4+,*
+
de117°2& 698;/?"=J2:¶4%!8 @Q3;O;:\B":N'B"69%-8;,D:F:='K69.-8;@Q:&@Q%!%!,/12?"34%-;=B"?":s1h/&6/8;6984:E%B"6}.a.-q&Oh?"Bg4q&n?gB":&P042=/:E:\3R:¶a%!:=¨'0;6/846/:\:37'.-m204!1+:G6/6D:\?C,@R.:\p=\6/x8;&:&pB"6/.a:\.-,O 6/%-84145: 3A6?"+1;¯Q?"6D6/?C%84B"r: ? f:\7=
?g6/6N8;:R6D.hBg.a2.+NIOª&q>8;8;:Q?"Bg=/:R:\'K6/.+8;14:Q3ª'K.+O404%-1+,D6G6D:2[, :\/Q6rqs?C=N:\:\B"91 :\=97=N6/8 84?C%-=t1Y698;j;:AFI'&.-8;1+:A6D?CB"1a%-04=D%6E6/O4?g.+%-1ª,D6N'K..-p´123;698;?g6/:R?g.+=/1ª6/%!.6Dp:@A698;::R1+6NBg.a?C.-=>O pn.+?",N6G34=9:\%`'KÅ;BC|=%!,/-?C3;1;.*
\

±4¯6¯a°a% 2©1!&;&4°B&°6°1=&
©© ±4*0¯6+*%°(4254¯;°
1!1!B°B° &Y&H% Ve°XP+±;¯YR+©YZ RKH [

-±61!5-°B-&&2¯ 124* 1 2°%IVe&°XP+L ¬±;¯ JR+% Ve°XP+4Y* ±4R!L¬¯ R+R2©,4 JY +RKH*6[/O7 %¯R6¬%K[+,*
/(
* -±R!5-¬ & -123 ¬+,* ± !« L - VeX° P+±4¯± « <R24 R¬
+°;² 1! °±-5-& *12 ¬ -.L 3 3 ;(4QL Ve°XP+±;¯ RB4 SR!¬M[ [

+
+
+
4& °6%!©a1:&²a²6/O7;® &($2°±4¯6%!°24254¯;°

I %!;B":Q!"!}I&'KBO2,D.-*-,9%!@p.-,&3;.-?"14*Q%-,D?"6/82@A:\6D?C'E.-On:\,9%6/?g.+14=
6/3;8;:\:t'\,D'):82@A%!:1;1+*-6G?"1;?"*E6F?C.-1Q,F6/028;=D:N:5'K%-.-1-02ÅY1-6/@R:\,}%!6/%-8;,D:?C@Q%!;%B"6D:?C-'%!?"1QB}69:K8;¶4?CO4=´,/':\%-=9=D=D?":&.-q14?¨:&p?C.-14,E',/?C:\14@R',/:\:\1+@R6 :\/N1+6E.-1;.-:>,F+34ÅR:\'.-,/1;:\:@R-:41-046F669qs8;:N:5''K%!.+1Q041+%!6DB"=/:. ,
?"14=/6D:%!3
F 6/'KB%!Bg".q>=G6D.ª',/:\%!6D:QO4,/.a':\3402,D:=QI&8;:ÅY'%!1 ,/:6/02,/1 =D.+@R:A%BC0;:Q?C1Yq>84?"')8 '%-=D:Q6/84:Å¼'.-1+6/%!?"1Y%
!¯;2° &2542¯ 7 <'K.+@Q@R%-143}I&8;:F*-:\1;:,/%!Bnp.+,/@ .p}%RO2,D.;'K:3404,/:Eq>8;?"')8hq:E12%!@R: !;BC0;O: A?C=
±;6¯ % Hn8² 54®2,° ² *H4±2©;©+² ¯ 4 ©+±2¯ ©- ¯ 4©-¯ .-.-.+,*
- %:;(;½©B7 491.

+
;
¯ 2° &(5;2¯ 7 R 1:;2° &($</O7a®
6/6/I&8;8;8;::: =D=D:F:5O4%!,/14.;,/%-:E'K@R:\1432:\%!=\04@R7I,D:F:\&3o,/8;:\O4:5'%-:O4?",!,/ :\.;;=t'KO4:\=D%!32.+, 04@A,Da:<:Q:O269?C'=<%!I,9'%!&%!@RBg8;":\::3b6/=D:\:F,9+=O4Å¼%-6/,/846rÅ;%-%!@RO;6N?C:1;'6D%-'* :1o,/Hn=28² q&:<52I°?".+BgPaP ne:\:<'6/04= =/.(4:\.-m23^.>B":\q&q>=t?"846/.-8;:\,&?C,/1^:V%-6/6/,D8;8;?C%!:F:V;O4B":\,/%.;=\BCd0;'K:\:e32=F1o04..-,Dp :04=PY,>q&'\%-%!?g1469=/38 :
M6/8;q&:o?gO4B"s,/.an':5:\340402=/:\,D:3b+69Å¼8;?C=A698;q&:7?"BO4,/.;14'K.!:\6Q32%04½,D:R:\'Kp6R.+,F6/84O4:h%!,\V%BC%!0;14:3b= .!O4p%-,P45d%!143ps±2©+L¯ VG%!112693¼8;:^±2©+.!¯ 6/o84:\%!,R,/:V84%!')14843 %!1;*-? pN:\3Yqs:hq&?gq&698;?"=9?C18

6/`8;%-:,D?C%!O24,D.;Bg:'K=:34%-*=04,/:E®26D² .7H4n©;: 2² %!44dBge:F1h6/69.78;%:<½%!:\n'.6t!3;:G?C,D:K:¶4'K%-6D@RB"Å7O4Bg:E%-,D6/?C84%!;:\=/B":\:<=%!:,/¶;: 6D4:\,9©+14¯ %!EBP%!6D.5143 ?"6 4n©+qs¯ :<n82%`!:F6D.534:\'KBC%!,/:F6/84:\=/:

e
d b
1
I -
% ;
"
B ª
: !
" R

q 5
: 9
= ;
8
.
q 4
0 1
: ;
¶ -
% Q
@ ;
O g
B V
: 9
6 4
8
% <
6
:K¶4O4de,/17:\=/I?".-%!154*-Bg:R?g-!:E<66/8;9:<8;:\On,/.:Gqs?"=&:,%-.15p¨:K`¶4%-%-,D@R?C%!O44BgBg:G: .
Qp¨6D% . 69'KBPO4,/.!*+,/%-@up.+,'.-@QO40;6/?"14*R%!Bg698;:GO2,D?C@R:E1a04@A2:,/=04O46D.Q% 2
O D
,
: D
=
: -
1 <
6 Q
@ -
% -
1 Y
Å !
% /
, g
? 9
6 4
8 R
@
: D
6 C
? Q
' -
. n
O \
: 9
,
% /
6 g
? +
. 4
1 E
= C
? b
1 /
6 K
' B 7I & ;
8 5
: n
O
. q
*!0?"O!4:Ï15&B"? 8;@R:t?"6Ö4,/K?"}|@R2:t.+1a,s04:@A¶4%!2@Q:,/O;=´B": :K;¶46D%!.Q@Q.+O;;B":t6/%!=9?"8;1h.%q>B"=6/8;8;.:Fq O46D,/.R?"@R04:F=/:t1a%!041 @ /(n :\,9'=.-04@QO^@Q6D%!.^14!3 G-B"6r.aÅ;.-O2O4:F= =/-?"%-@Q14O;3VB"Å %<=O47>,/.;1'K:\±;32¯ 04/,D;½:-o° I.X&& 84%-²:

!%!:'K,/?"6/%-.-;,B":A6/82©+%¯-6t® 84%Q%`-'K.-:F1+6/698;%:A?C14O4=&%!6/,984%!:A@R1a:046/:\@ ,9=&n:\O4,t%!=9.=/p´:\3Ô4%-6D,/.V%-@R698;:: 6D:O4,/,/=t.!O4*+%!,/%-=9=D@ :3o =/6D. .5n69©+8;¯+:A® O2% ,D?C.-=>*-6/,984%!:<@^Bg&I:1;&*-8;8+:<6&.!%!pG,/©+?"%-¯-;® B":A ©+4¯-%-® 14h3o?"6/=N84%:
6/6D'K.Q84.+:N@Q698;B"@R? :<14%-: O414,/1!3Y.!2° *-²6& ,9/O%!7 @
4a°XVDq>P^6² 84/O%?"7 ')B"4ag8o.X° q>84PY%-=N=&R+04©+2=t¯-:\6/® :\.h1o69=/J%!%`[R(!-:<:\%!376/=98;=D.-?":Q*-1h1Q'6/%-6/8;=D. :F:A69.8;%!p:N,/69?C8;%!%-:A;,DB"?C-:<%!:\;©-'B"¯+6D: .-® A,N6/O284.-:t?"1+6/%:\BC3¼0;:t+Åo.!p6/6/8484:R:>=/mn:\,9'=D.-614O43ª%!O4,9%!%-@R,/%-:\@R6D:\:,s6D:O4,%!F=9=/+:\. 3

>' -
1!©-®4°Y)G7>1±;¯ /;½°o.X& %-²

/(1 &($2° 7-5B; H2°+¯ 5a± & «-$</%O$«4°«2©87'& &H'&4©9/7 &($2°±4¯ /;½° 7(5B; H2°+¯61
/(
* 5>R+©+1=&¯-® ®4% °B&Ë1 L© 1'(+/O7a®2* ²+°©+¯+®25B;½°B7'&-¯±;¯6-®;¯;©O2; ;©9!/ ² 13.
±-°X5-P &/:&1 1= &'4;°+¯+¯

1T7>1%!©;²a²-°(4 «</:&($«4¯0B7;® 7-5B; H4°+¯©+¯+®(58;½°B7'& 1 1 <R+©+¯-® %
+°;² !1 °*
+
1!°B& VD²6/7 4;°XP R+©-¯+® J [
±4¯6%±4¯9/;½°* 6+*
:;4-± 5'&46° 1©;²a² &($2° ±4¯ /;° 7(5B; H2°+¯61 &>/!²a²

0+,
¯ 1!*B° &Q1!2° H&ÃJ© 6+,* R+© - L R 6+,* /O7%¯©6+*
6-¯
*'1!°2& / 0+,* R / - R+©6+*6/O7 %¯ /+*
1!/(,2° & * 4R24 L VeX°L P+J ±;+4¯ * :;(4 <R-© R6/ [

1!2° & H )+
+
/(
-±* 5'RKHM&9L1
L (R++'© * /(1 72&Ã©±49¯ /;½° 7-5B; H4°+¯
+°;² 1!°*
+
-± 5'&91
R+© /(1©±4¯ /;½° 7-5B; H4°+¯
+
±4¯ /;½°YR
+
I %!;B":Q! ;}I&'KBO2,D.-*-,9%!@ p.-,&'.-@QO40;6/?"14*QO2,D?C@R:<1+02@ n:\,9=

3;8;.+.qÃ1< 6E6D:7.V(a1;:KO4.¶4,/qÊ.!O;*-BC%,9%-?C%!1;1 @.!6928;02,D:\?"=D:K?C,F1;Ä2LG*QÅba.-69ea84:\e,D':.+6F'K0;6&LG*-.+=A,/,D?"%!:\?":\1+1 1+6D6D::K:3M¶435%!BC@QBC%!%!1;O;1;*+B"*+04:704%%69*-8;*-: :\:ª=\ LG9;8e8 :\'Kj6R!-O4%`,/.!%'*- ,9½%!q@Q:R@R,/:\?C1;'*¼.-@QO4@R%-,/:\%-143;3¼?g*+6D@ .o,D?C1:%!LG3I& 'B 6D.^d ptB":\Å-%!.-,901
&
I ;
8 V
: /
, \
: /
= \
: /
, !
\
: M
3 s
q +
. /
, 3 +
² 6© 1-1Vp.!B"g.q:\3¼.p6/8;:514%-@R:R.!ps698;:V'KBC%!=9=E?"=F04=/:\3Y6D.ª3;:'KBC%!,/:R%o1;:\q 'B"%-=/=G?C1
6/'KLG84.+I&:514'K=/'K6/B BC}I,9%!04&=9'K=F8;6/.-%!:F,&14@R3¼.!p¨:p6/69.!848;B".ag:A.32q'=&B":\%-.3¼=/p=\.6/&I8;p&:F6/8;8;'K:5:BC%!12=9=/%-%!:\,D@R=?C%!:Q%!;,/B".:GG: p341!6/:\8;°;'K:5² BC%!7@R,/?":\=N:3^69%58;04.;On=/3b?".!14?C*A%!1-146/69:\3Y8;,t:F?g6D69qs.7=<.+69O4,/8;%-3 :<,/%-/O.+@A7 a1=e:\&+:\6D'±4:6>,/¯6=\?gRI69%F=D&:\O4B 84p,/½:\:Q'B"? @R:\(!3;: :\:6/37&(8;$<.;.!/23p1R6//O84?"7>1¼:E/:912&ª%!8?C@R=F8Ê:E6/84.+.:,p

0pX4!-,/%`=/.-:\`@35%2AIp69.-8;,:F.ª3;>:\3;':\:\B"%!'%-BPB",D%-'K?C,D1;BC:R%!*<=96/=698;84:Q% 6&?C14:<%A=/6/,D'K%!:BC'K12%!.+=9'K=´@R:Q?C@R14%!8;:,/:14?",D%-37?";6/Å-=sBg:5.-pX0h,/LG.-6D@I&.V'K%!B"B}:\1404%-.!=/,/6/:\1h84=E:\@A69,s8;.+.-:Q,D1;:Fqs: %-+.+2?C,/1h.+3 0;6/6N/O8;7 :GLG1=:KI&& ¶44'K%!©+BP@Q¯n,/:\AIO;%-B"&:G3;?"8;6/148;:Q*2:G qsde.+1+,/6D 39:*-':\,1:5a'K±2BC%!°+=9¯=´%-?C²+14©68;1-:1,D?"6/?"==

1!©-®4°Y)G7>1'a©%=&%. & %-²

/(1 &($2° 7-5B; H2°+¯ 2« °«2©B7'& &6,H-&4©9/O7 &($4°;©%=&+¯ /©;²
/(
* 5>R+©+1=&¯-® ®4% °B&Ë1 L© 1'(+/O7a®2* ²+°©+¯+®25B;½°B7'&-¯±;¯6-®;¯;©O;2;©9/!² 13.
±-°X5-P &/:&1 1= &'4;°+¯+¯

1T7>1%!©;²a²-°(4 «</:&($«4¯0B7;® 7-5B; H4°+¯©+¯+®(58;½°B7'& 1 1 <R+©+¯-® %
+°;² 1!
+
1!°B&,° * VD²6/7 4;°XP R+©-¯+® J [

±4¯6% ©%=&+¯9/©;²'*P+*

6+,
1+!2° &¯ ¯;* °1°21:5n&²B¯;& °61:Ve5n°P+²8±4&¯ (+,R-¯;*°6R1O5nP
²B.& Y(+RPM* [1!°B&YP Ve°XP+±;¯YRP [
+,*

¯;+ 2° &2542¯ 7 R-¯;° 1:5nB² &

±-1!5'2° &&91 ¯;° 1 © %=V &©-¯%=&/+©;9¯² /©;S² RR [ /(1 R-¯;° 1

I%-;B":R- w2}I&'KB=/?"@QO;B":FO4,/.!*-,9%!@ p.+,&'K.+@RO20;6D?C1;*V6/84:NpX%-'K6/.-,/?"%!B.p%V1a04@A2:,

>' w
+² © 1-1 °a©;²
°a©a² /7>1=&+±4¯0% /O7</O&2*-©6+*
R 1°;² /O7>1:& 4©+¯ 4©a²852°
+
1!B° & ;©;²852° R-©

°a©a² /7>1=&+±40¯ % 1:5B; *P+*

R 1°;² /O7>1:& 4©+¯ 4©a²852°
1!1!B°B° &
& ;±©;8² 52 R° 4©;8² Vr52X° P+° ±4¯ ZWR 4V R©aP²852°1°2& Z 4©;²8V 52RKP° X[1°2&L2;!8&©;²8 52° [ [

+
±-5-& 12 R!±SR 4©a²852°

°a©a² /7>1=&+R ±41°;¯0²% ;6/O5n7>²81:&>&4/±n©+¯² 4*©aP²852+°*

!1!1 °B°B
&& ;±©;²852 R°4©;²8Vr52°XP+°±4¯
R 4V R©aP²852°1°2&
4©;²8V 52RKP°X[1°2&L2;!8&©;²8 52°[ [
+
±-5-& 12 R!±SR 4©a²852°
°a©a² /7>1=&+R ±41°;¯0²% 4/O7>/ 1:&/=44;©+°¯ *4P©a+²852* °
!1!1 °B°B
&& ;±©;²852 R°4©;²8Vr52°XP+°±4¯ + R 4V R©aP²852°1°2& + 4©;²8V 52RKP°X[1°2&L2;!8&©;²8 52°[ [
+
±-5-& 12 R!±SR 4©a²852°
²+© 1-1 O7'&4°-®;°+¯ 1:5+±2°+¯ %-²-©61-1 °a©;²

O7'&;°-®4°+¯ R/O71°;1=&+²±4 ¯6/O7>% 1:4& 4/ >©+¯/:4;4°©a*²8P52+° *

1!1!B°B° &
& 4± VeX° P-R ±44¯©;8² 52R 4° ©;8² 54+ ° V RP+ 1V °2R&P41!©;°2&²8524° ©;X[²854L2° X[!8&[

1-±!5-°B&& 12;©; ²8R52!S±° R 4Vr°X©aP+8² ±452¯° ¯6B5(7 4 <R24 [

+
1!1!2°°2&Ã&Ã¯;¯;°a°a©;©;²² V?V?7272°!°!«« °a°a©;©;²² J Y. 3 . [ [

R-¯;°a©;² 1:5B; R-¯;°a©;²

R-¯;°a©;² ;65n²B&>/\±n² R-¯;°+©;²

R-¯;°a©;² 4 / >/=4aQ ° R-¯;°a©;²

1!1!2°2° && /O/O7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯ VXVX7474°!°!«« OO7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯ [ [

1!°2& /O7'&4°-®;°+¯ VX74°!« O7'&4°-®;°+¯ 3 [

R6/O7'&4°!®4°+¯ ; 5nB² &>/±2² YR6/O7-&4°-®4°+¯

R6/O7'&4°!®4°+¯ 49/ >/=4;°QR /O7'&4°-®;°+¯

I%!;B":Q! 2´+?C@RO4Bg:ALN69'KBO4,/.!*+,/%-@04=/?"1;*V,/:\%!B½%-143^?"1+6/:*!:,.-ae:'K69=

r G t
de1^6/8;?C=N84%-O;6D:,qs:FO4,/:\=/:\1+66/84:Emn,/=/6&=D6/:\O4=>6/84%!6>'K.-12=D?C=D6.!p
F de1;?g6/?"%!Bg?"f\%!6D?".-1^%!143h6D:,/@R?C14%6/?g.+1h%-=/On:\'6/=&.!p14=t=D?C@ 0;BC%6/.-,
F kN:mn1;?"6D?".-1^.p¨1;:6rq.-,9(51;.;3;:= ;B"? 12(+= 2Ìa0;:0;:\=&%-14376/.-On.!B".!*-Å
F kN:mn1;?"6D?".-1^.p¨%*!:1+6/=&%!1237.!p¨%-O4O;B"? '\%6D?".-12=
F I&8;:F14%!@z+?C=904%B"? =9%6/?g.+156/.+.-B
F I,9%!'?"1;* ;%!143
F t%!1434.-@%!,/?C%!;B":\=\
+.+@A:G=D?C@QO;B":t:K¶4%-@RO4Bg:=´q&?"Bgn:t*-?g-:\1V6984%6sq&?gB"½:\14%-;Bg:G04=s6D.A34. 6/84:>mn,9=D6=/6D:\O2=´q&?"6/8V698;:E14=s=/?C@ 0;BC%6/.-,\
; c$%1<*16?51
97*!16)$ ?$'& *- 2E13$'7*!16#$
xt1o14=t=D?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+1h=/6/%-,D69=q&?g698o6/8;:<'.-@Q@Q%!143
1!2° & 7>1 VX72° « 6/;65n²+B© &+¯ [
q>'K.+8;@Q?C')@R8 %-?"14=E3 69n8+Å!02.-=F0o6/8;'\:Q%!1ªm,/'=/%!6FBgBg?C6/1;8;:V?C=>?C1%-6/,D8;?C%!:V;69B":<'KB´%!=9=t'Å!,/?".+O40h65Iq&&?C')8;8 ?C=F4B"0;? 1;6t:5?C1ª34:\*-'K:\BC1;%!:,/:\,/%!=FBP%oO2:\1;.-:\O;qB": 3;%-,D:?C'K%!BC;%!,/B": :\=&7>?"1h6N04%-=%=/?"1;7>*o1R69n8;:\:'%-1!04°B=/&:
?"?C6G14=D?C69=E%!%!1+1¼6D?C%?"146/?g=/.+6/1^%-14.'Kp}:R6/8;.ps:A6/'K8;BC%!:=9=9/9;6/5n;6²+5n©2²+&62© +&6¯h+¯Q'KBC04%!=9=/?"= 14*V=/.^6/8;%-: 1M,/.-:\=/;:\e,/:\!'K:6\37F6/q8;.-:V,93 '.a7434°!: «VX72a°!. «n029=D/?C;61;5n*V²+6/©284&6?"=N+¯ 1;[V:q?C=G?"%!14,/34?":%-:\;3YB"r: 6/7841:
q:E'\de1o%!1^.-,9043;=/::\,3o6D%.7B"846/%`8;-:<:F@R.-0;:\6/698;O4.;0;346&=&mn.!Bg:p=>69q&8;:<?"6/'K8ªBC%!34=9%!= 6/9%V/.+;61o5n²+6/2©8;&6: +=/¯ ?C@!690;84BC%%6&6/?gq.+1 :Eq& 6/?g,9B"%!'=/:F::Fm2B"%:\p=@6/´:\,\.-,mnBg:=t04=/:\3^p.+,&a?"=904%B"?
=9%6D?".-1 12%!@mnBg:= 4qs:F1;:\:\3h6D.5'\,D:%6D:E698;:Em2B":\=&04=/?"14*R698;: !±2B° 7 'K.+@Q@R%-143
±4B° 7 &($2° ;¯;© %'° /!²+°
1!2° & &;¯a© %!° /²+° V±2B° 7,B5'& . &;¯ « [
R87>1 &;¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB&;¯a©%!° /²+°
±4B° 7 &($2° &;¯;© %!4 ° /!²+°

1!°2& 72©O; /!²+° V !±2°B7
B5'& .X72©:;«M[

R87>1 72O© ;9&;¯;© %6° +©;²a² R872:© ; /!²+°

`j
\ v 2
I ,S c % >
I6D&.a8;.-:GBa%!'n%!.Bg!":\:>3 ',/:\.+%!0;6D6:=´14%!%<@G342%!6/%F 69,/?"6/%-8;'K?C:&1^mn6/Bg8;:G:E'%69'KB"B:\=/3 '\,D?C.+O;0;6 6;6/6/8;,e<:=D%-:G14m23VB":\%<=14%!%-,/@:N14a.!?C6&=/02'%%!B"Bg? "=9:\%376/?g:K.+¶41AO;69B"?,/'%-?g'K6/::&B"Å7mnBg+: ÅV p6/.-8;,´:\6/?",8;: 14%-N@Ax : =
4I&0;8;6s:E?"mn12,9=D6/=/:\6%!%-3V1437+ÅVp.-On04.!,/?C6/1-8h6/:\Bg,9?C1;=}:6/=&82%?"1^6s%-698;,D:N:E3;:K:\¶4'%!B"@Q%-,DO;:B"3R:<%-%!2,/:N.-.+:>1;%!B"Å71437'K.+'@R%B"@R:\:3 1-69=69,/;%-69'K8;::m2Å^Bg:-%!,/E:G%!1412.!3 6>!=/?"14@A%-0;@ B"%!mn6DBg?":O.-<1^,D:'K=/.+On@R:\@Q'6D%-?"!14:\34BgÅ-=\
>q>:,/?g@R6/6D%-?C1;,/(7* 6/3;84:\%!'6>B"%-6/84,D::3hÅoq&2:\?"6/*!8M?C146/=&8;q&:<?"B"6/:8M6/6D:% ,|zq =DÅ;2@AI&2.-84B :<I6/&8;8;?C,9: 3o=/Bg:\?C'1;.-: 14043^=/:\B"? =N1;:%V.-=D?COn@ :\1^04B"%!6/8;6D.-: ,tm2@AB"[: :\6/8;.+.;0;3ª6 6/'\e, %RB"g6D:.73 n&a: ¯;©04%!=/°6:\3^-©;p²a.+²,
6/q82:G%6}q&84?"B %`P!6/:,9%!%!'=¨:EO4%!%-Bg,/%-69@A8;:F:\6D::-,:\691+8;6/:&=14?C1o%!@R%Q:=/On.pn:\'69?8;mn:Ìam20;B":E:pq>.+,/84@Q:\,/%!:s669698;84:%6/6&,9%!q'K:E:=q&q&?gB"?"PB ;:¶;*!.2O4B"%! ?"1^?g69%8 p6/69:\8;,?C?C=}1h=D?C69@ 8;?C0;=>BC%')6/84.-%!,O4'K6D.+:\,\@R@Q%-143
*! =/?"!::5:I&=RO28;6/,D:<8;.;:o'KBC%!:=/m2346tB"04:ªB",/?CC: 1;14:<%!@R 6D:\/O:ªBg7<C=N69/2841:6/%$8;6Q7:R6/=Dn84?C:@ :ªB".0;6/rq BC,9%%!/6/hd'K.-:o,te1 q&6D.7?".-Bg>04,/:\,<n':ª.-'\%!,9q>3^=/: ,/%!?g6/Bg6/¨6D8;:\=/?C1?"=<@A6Dq&0;.B"?"%!BgsBC6D%?"26/.-:\:51o,Q6969+8;,/Å:V%-'Km26/:\84B"=>:5:M?"1 On'K.!.-G?C@Q1-x 6/@Q:\³3%!12?C%!14I3 6<O4R804-7>ÅY6t1 p6/.+8;4,/:h@Q8² 5>O2%1O.-6\$ &d?"1+Br6D&;6N:¯;, %!© B"%!=/.R°
72©:; /!²+°(!? :!}6/84:Em2Bg: !.-0;6\ 69,2
q&6/84?C:G=/8Yt=/?".-6D@A.ª6D:-0;=9BC%`%6/!6D8;::A:A35=9'KO4:\.-!%-@Q:\'K1+: @Q69=´%!.-12q>6/8;348;:=&?C,E')6/87,96/%!,9@Q%!':'%`r:RÅV%B"'nP.-:E%!@Q1434@Q3o?",/%!:\1414'%-6D34@<B"=EÅQ69=9,/148;%-:.-'K:\:0434rB":\%3 3B"s2@Q:Va02%`04Åh')=/87:\,/3 :\'K=9.+=/0;@Q.^Bg6&@R%-?C=N1o%-146/6/.ª3484=: '%!,/':\,/,/:N%:\6/%!3;:A6D:?"69=/.-,/'\1h%-,D?C'K.n:Rp}:\.-358+1;04?CB"1^*!Å¼:Ea%^m2:\'KB"=/:\6/02=\?g4.+sd=D1 :\p¨6E4q.v2: p
I&8;:E6D:,/@R?C14%6/?g.+17.!p698;:<O4,/.!*+,/%-@
?"=&3;.+1;:F04=/?"1;*5G% 9/O7</(1:$' O4,D.;':\3404,/:!

±46¯ °% /O729°/O7<®2©/(²1:$
H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 5&;±;¯;6¯©%!°%!(° 4B/!54²-¯;°° 72©O; /!²+°

R87 1 ;8² 5>1:$ 8&;¯;© %!°

%-² 61!Q ° RB&;¯a© %!° /²+°
%-²61!°QR872©O; /!²+°
X° P;° % 72:© ; B5'&%.?72:© ;
&
X° P /:& J
+
®2I&@R²8;:K:N69H28;qs©;.;²R.+3 ,/?C3R=t4±4048² 6¯=/5 :\1:3M%G$ 6D3;B.5&;:'K¯a6/BC:© %!B"%!,/:\°769=´84q&%A%?g6>B"O4,/q32.a: '04:\@Q%-34,DOb02: ,D026/:>8;=D?C?C:51V1;*56969,/8;%-?"%!'K=:,/'\?C=F%!%!;.-=/:tB"1b:\'=>69%!8;34Bg":7:\:\'K3 ,/BC:\%! =9,/O2/O:\7<3o:'K/2.+6D1:?"0;$Q!6/:=/%!=E?C143;m23V:<B":\q&6/=\84?"ªI6/:A84&O4.-,/8;0;.;:56'K%!:\6/,/32'*-Bs0404,D'@R:-.-&I@Q:\1+&@Q698;=%!:Ï14&=/3 ?"8;@A:t0;%!qB"² %!6.-6D1!,9.+3° ,
'6/K82B".-%=/6&:\=´q6/:<8;O4:N%!6/=9,9=%!'6/:&8;:<m2B",/:\:\=%!3;BP:K14mn%!14@R:\:F35.!np:Kp69.+8;,D:E:Gm2%!B"14:F37.p¨X° P46/,9° %!%N'K::=¶a:6D'.50;146/:\%-=s@z6/8;%-:G14143h%!14@
.!6&O46/,/84.!:*+,/O2%-.-@ ?"1+p6/.+:\,, a72?"©:=9;04%! Bg/!?C=/²+%!°R6D?"2.-:1'%!>02=D::F@R?"%-6&,/?"( =
04=/6/1^%69:K04¶;=6/:\6D,9.V1469%8;BP:<'.-=/@QÅa=/@Q6D:%!@^143}I:\&,/8;.A:<?C=&'.-69@Q8;:<@Q34%!%14pX3o%-0;X° B"6sP>/Op.+&V,&q&%V?"B 'KPB":\:\%-141732=&:¶a6/8;?"6:<sL%-NO469O;8;B":\? '\,%6/%!?g.+B"0;1h:%-=&14'3h%-1^,/:n6904:<,90417=/:\698;3h:<6D.51a04=9@ %`ÅVn:\6/84,>%!Q6&%-?"==
%R:K¶;x?"6>6´2698;:':G%!:\0214=D3V:F.!=/.-pP@R6/8;::E698;14?"=14*AO4,/pX.!%!*-?gBC,9=\%!@Êqs:G=/84.-0;BC35'%!Bgn6/8;:EO4,/.;'K:\3204,Ds: /O7>/(1:$ E%!1435=9On:\'K?gpÅV%6sq>84%66D?C@R:

6/84:F6D:\,9@R?"12%6D?".-1^=98;.-0;BC3^.;''02,¨|2.+,:K¶4%!@QO;B":
R87>1 2© & 3 . J /O7</21:$

q&6D.V?"Bg=9¨')28;:R:\32040;=/Bg:\:F3ª:\6/!.h:1-'69%!=Bg3:K¶4O; B"/O? 7<'?g/(6/1OBgÅ-$ R%6N6D?C@A:h -jV=D:'>de123;::3 ½6/8;:QB© &o@R:698;.;3M.p698;:A=/?C@ 0;BC%6/.-,t%!Bg".q>=>04=

I&8;:F=/?"@A0;B"%!6D?".-1^'%-17698;:\1ªn:*-?"1^04=/?"1;*Q698;:<'K.+@R@Q%-143
R87>12¯ 5(7
; <; - $%1 *!16#$(

Q $'-9* !
Y513$'/ ?$'& $'&%->/
I&8;:Fq%`ÅV6D.V3;:mn1;:<%V1;.;3;:E?C=
1!2° & 7 J V R87 1 7(4;° [

> U
:5',/:\%6/:\3Y%^14.a34:R6984%6F?C=FOn.!?C1-6/:\3 +ÅM6/8;:Q%!,/?C%!;B": 7 J 8;:\1Yq:Q=984%!Bg,/:Kp:,N6/.ª6/84%!6F1;.;3;:Q?"1 6/84:
=9',/?"O;LG6 14;'qs:V:<qs=9:784%!34Bg:Kmn691;8+:h02==D:\q>!,D:\?",96D%:)BR8147 .aJ 34:\= q:5'%-13;:Km1;:56/84:7B"? 14(a= 6/84%!6 'K.+141;:\'6<6/84:\@^ªxt1:¶;%-@QO;Bg:7.p&%
3;:mn1;?"6D?".-1^.p}%RBg?C14(V?C=
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 J R87 J H J ;j1 ¯6!± ;9© /!²
q>O4,/8;.-?CO4')8¼%!*-@R%!6D:\?"%-.-1415=N3;6/:\84B"%`%!Åh6G%!1;14.;3o3;:%Q=?'R=%-7 O4J %!'%!?g146rÅV3 .!R8p7 h

%!¼,/:A '.-=/14:\14'N:\p'K.-6/,:\3Y:%!04')8h=D?C1;3;*^?",/:\%7'6D;?"? .- 134?",/:\'6D?".-14%!BB"? 12(o6/84%!6G84%-= !@Q=N.p

I R
. ;
3
!=/?C@RO4Bg:¶ B"? 14(-2

: n
m ;
1 F
: Q
% ;
3 C
? D
,
: K
' D
6 "
? -
. 2
1
% ½
B g
B C
? 4
1 V
( C
? 4
1 /
= D
6
: !
% 5
3 !
.
p Q
% ;
? 34?",/:\'6D?".-14%!B.+1;:aq:F=/8;.+0;BC3h,/:\O;BC%!':s-3404O;B":K¶ Bg?C14(-A+Å
1.-;02.;,R3;de:-1'\ÃI%!F=/&: 8;P?g:MpN%!1Y3;698;:.-mn:ª041;6/4?"O46D0 ?"0;½.-6F1:\,VÌa.!0;'\pG:%!0;O469:A8;%-:M'K.!?"p6rB"Å? %^14( .!1;pN.;6/698;3;8;::R:o1?"=E.-?"120;?C@Q'K69O4BCO;040;Bg3;6V::\@R=5Ìa:\0;6/1+:\8;6D0;:M::o3Yq?C%-=R%`=GÅ:K%^¶46/'K.O4:\%-:\843;,D%!6G:143.34pBg6/:ª84:\%!:\.')1 -8M:\6/,DBg8;Ä2?C14:o.(ªqzBC%!q>=/%6R8;6V.+O269=D%!84:R')%?C(6514:\O46 Ìa0;0;6/6E:.b0;?C=E%-:!,/Ãd6/,/84?"!e%!1 :6

?CkG=G?"=932',D%-.+,/O43>O2G:3@A: kE')84,/%!.-14O4?"I=9@ %?"B69.+8;O;:56D?".-| <1 / |nM%!%!?",
1+ÅªG%0;B":\6D0;:,/:\12?"14%* 6D?" !¨:A698;.-:7O;6/kG?g.+>14=N:K¶; kN?"=/:6 mn'K=9?"046 ')8M>.+%-04=t14693b8;:A>t.+;·´?Ck1> } t698;%-:o143;+.+6/@¸.;')84·s%!%!=/,/6DB"?CÅ'
|n=984%!%?", B"PG,D:\0;6/:\040;,9:\1h?"14B"%!* 6D:\ +, | 6/.V[s6/8;%!:F14t3^·´698;ku:R@Rs:\# ') 84%-1;q>?C=/8;@z?C')8o?"1^?"14@R'.-B"02,/:E3;?"3414:*76/%!%V?gBCO4=\,/?g.+,D?"6rÅ7%!123ª%V,D.+04143 r,D.+;?C1h=9')8;:\320;Bg:, eA4q:
:K¶4%-@RLtpNO4Bg':E.-q04,9.-=D0;: BC}3hqsn:o:! =98;.-0;BC3 %BC=D. 3;:Kmn14:h698;:ª40 ½:\,V'%-O4%!'?g6rÅb.!pt6/8;:ªÌa0;:0;:ª,D:\B"%!6D:\36D.b:\%-')8Bg?C14(xN1
aB° & =52B° 52° 9/; ° ² /O7;¬ ,7 J =7 & J
R87>1254B° 526° a² /;/:& R87 J R87

J
3:\4%-,/.-')8hO4xOn,/=/:\:\?"3b'@Q:?"O4O;!%-B"::K')37¶R(:\O4Bg?C6/%-14=G')(<6D(.M84:6\%-% }x=}N6/8404:34Bg04p.-O;x>,9B"@u:K*!¶^:1+O4Bg?C6,/14:\5I(5=/:\&?C1+=&8;6D:5:'K3A.+I&14?CI1R=/6/Æ,9|¨04?g.+'K*n6/a:\e437:\g'-pX6E,Dx.+'@.-@QÌa6r0;O4qs:0;.V0;6/:\:O4=F%-.,/!69%!8;:\Bg,D:5"Ä2:IBP.q=/?C@A?C@R?C=¨:5O4?CIBg@R:.ª¶7O4BgÆBg:?C14?"@A!(a:V:=\1+O46D%-:\3V,/%-+@RÅ :=/6D:\:120, <3;?"p14.+* ,

n0 n1
Queue Delay TTL
Agent/Null
drop
¨| ?g*+04,D: 4g-¨x =/?C@RO4Bg:¶hB"? 14(
3;:mntxt1;:\.-=Q3^6D%-:E691846/82,D:K.+%¶40;6&%!*-@Qq8h:EO;6/B"3484:^:K:<mn.=/pN1;'\:,D% 3^?CO;=D6/6?C8;@Q*!:F?"O;!4B"::^0 17½1;?C:\:\1o,t6rqsI'%!.+%-O2,/;(%!Bg:'K?"'46r.-Å5g-14'K=/.+?"34,/,/:\:\,A=9On6/8;.-:^143;.-?C1;1;:o*R6D3;.Q:O;.-?"14':G6D:B"3?C14?C(51 .+|¨1;?"Bg*2Å n;:6r'Aqs:6/:\8;1o?C=V1 1;R%:\-6rqs143h.+,/12(Yw'?"/=
I&n:E8;:Rp.-Ì+040414:\3o0;:%!=N6'12.-= r,93;,D::K=/pXOn%-0;.-B"146346/?"'K1;B *VF6/?C17.^69%!8;Bg:<.!'K69.+8;@Q:\,N@RBg%-?C1414(a3 =G84%`!:<698;:Q3;:KpX%-0;Bg6N%BC0;:A.!psj2NI&8;?C=N34:KpX%!04Bg6N`%!B"04:A'%-1
8528° 52° 1!2° &Ë6² /;/O& 3 J
W?JXR,L|zH N=IQZsIQR0Z|P Z:JXWa\:Ug`JXUKR0WSQZOIQ\=U^Z:R,JM_i>nZ:Ut_UgVàW?|b_q*v xBU3U d R0_3WXVXW?ceUK_Z:V?P^W?UI}àR0RebJ?PXv U^\:]lIQZ:Jp 3R0pJ?c\:WuJXPÛtijSdce]:\:SQUÎIQx(W?P J?\lh@IQZ=ijR0Re\:VXJ?U3UÎQ_VXm:U Z(N8v]= ReJ? U^\:]U^ZlW?IQJXZ|R0J?\:Z:J?IQ]:\:W<WcUKJXdEIQZ:_q*UgV<JMU i<J?\:U^_fUKV N:lnIQU,V?R0U,V?ZOWXWu]sIQ_J?\:Z|J?\=U^ZZsRemOJjJ?q \:IQZ:x8Ut]:U^N=IQVP,R0h:RePUJXUtv p:UgJ3\:vu_,IQw^W

1!1!°2°2&&¯a°a77©2&4J ° VV R8R81'77/ P11 777(((4;4;4;°6°° [[1
1!1!°2°2&& 77 VV R8R877 11 77((4;4;°° [[
1!1!°2°2&& 77 WVV R8R877 11 77((4;4;°° [[
3
¯a°a©24 & °²6/;7 ¬ 1 H2°2&-«2°a°B7 &($4° 7(4;°61
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 J R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬ R87 YR87 J . H J J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬ R87 YR87 J . H J J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 R87 J . 3 H J ;j1 ¯6!± 4©9/!²
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R87 R87 3 J . 3 H J ;j1 ¯6!± 4©9/!²
a°B
R87> 1 & 245=25°B25°B25°6°a² 9/;/ ;/:°& R87 ² R8/O;77 ¬ ,7J 6=7 & J
I %!;B": ;"!¨kG:Kmn1;?C1;*51;.;3;:= 2Bg?C14(a=&%!143o%-=/=/?g*+1;?C1;*RÌa0;:0;:F=D?"f:
G .q'K.+0;BC3hq:Fmn123o6/8;?C=t3;:pX%!0;B"6 Y+Å5m,/=/6t')8;:')(-?C1;*Q6/84:Fm2B": 14= B"? P 69'KBq>84:\,/:Fqs:Emn123o6/8;: Ìa0;:0;: B"? @R?"6
O4,/.;'K:\3204,D:
9/; 5n²+©2&-¯ O/ 7>1=&-±4¯6% B52°B52°6+²6/;/:&4* 7 7 Ã²6/;j/:&,+

*

R 1 °;² /O7>1:&4©+¯²6/7;¬
V R+²6/O7;¬ V R87 /=4 [o) V R87 /:4 [ 252°B54° [ 1!°2&Ë²6/;j/:& aR ²6/;/:&
+
?C:176/:\q>,9=8;?C')6/8584:Gq6r:Eq=D.A:\:t14.a6/8234:\%=s66/6/848;%!:F6Ìa3;0;::mn0;1;:N:GB"?C6/@A8;:G?"6B"??"14=(V?C14%-3;14:\35:\37698;%R:E@RÌ+:0469:\8;0;.;:G37Bg?C.!@Rp?g6/6\8;I:F&=/8;?"@A:\,/0;:tBC%q6D:N.+,´=/:69:G84%6/826%1;6:\6/:\8;34:G=Bg6/?C82@R,D:\?g6:G1aO404%-@ ,/%-n@ :\,

?C=*!?"!:\1^+Å7698;:F%!,/?"%-;Bg:<6² /;j/:& 2
$n4
$n0
300kbps 500kbps
2Mbps 100ms 40ms
10ms
$n2 $n3
2Mbps 300kbps
100ms 500kbps
$n1 10ms 30ms $n5
|¨?"*-04,/: ; ;¨·¶4%!@QO;B":G.p}%R=/?C@RO4Bg:<1;:\6rqs.+,/(

M

c ,
{
!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(&5a©2&(±Ã%±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>J / RBB&7[ %±

!1 °2&1'/7;¬ VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

R87>1 ©2&(&4©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 R 1'/7;¬

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

RB& %± 1 °2 && ±2 ©/=4%¬4°B& 9/ ;°
RB& %± 1 °2 303
!R1 (a°2&&-°B±&(a5(-&±Ã©B±&-&4© ©VX47%:$°!«+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ RB%!&©2&>%± / %88797-+ 27 ° %=&[ / B7

I%-;B": 4 4}I&8;:<3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p%-1^|Ï~%-O4O;B"? '\%6D?".-1^04=/?"14*Q%QIts~%*-:\1+6

; W-$#*/ ?$'&
?B%B%51697*!16)$'/
/6%!8212%`%3ha6F?C%-1;:\O4*A12O;3 34B"?:K'\mnq%1;6D:5?":.-351;12:=69:8;3¼6/:N846/%!6/.M.-6>On043;.!:K=DB":Em.!1;*-69Å:58;:\,D @^1;.+.;0;3;6D?C:\1;=* %-14?C3V1bB"O4? 14%!(a,/6D=@?C'04qB":N%-,G=98;=/.+.-0;02B",/3h':\1;= .q3;:\@Q=/6D%!?C14(!%!:t6D6/?",9.-%145=@&'>6/Ä28;.:7q%!*!6/82:,D1-.+690;= *- 8VO4,/69.!8;6/:\.a@^'.!}IB":\=@.

G
nR87:6r3 qdeI1o:&:\6/1Y8;84:´:A1;de.;O41+3;,/6D::: a,/14R8?".-7:046J =tO2%-:K,D14.-¶436D%!.;@QR8'K.-7O;B-B": 04P=/%!:\qs143<:A3Y+@RÅE%o%`|}sÅÎ#q&~M ?C=/?C8ª= sIt6/.-.7s14~,9=/046/`%-1Mdr1+~ %!6N1o #It|}?"s6GI~MN~ p%.-6D ,|¨:BI?gB",9:A%-%!O4I12O;=/,9B"On%!? '\14.-%=D,/6/p6?g:\.+s,&1¼.-~1+n,D69:.-,D6r6D.-q.;B!'K:~s.-:\,/1Ba.! 6/1; .;}.;'K3;%!.!:O4B Ò4R8deBg1+7?C'6/R%!:\,96D%-1;?"14.-:31 6

~s?C1Y,/.!I6/%!.;;'KB".!: ?B &;%!7%143 o6/It84s:V~ .-1;%:5*-:\041+=/6E:\3 2:\+6rÅbqs:\s:\#1Y

6/8;?":V=E=/N.-kN04,9~ 'K:Q N1;.;=/:\3;,F: kER87 %J69%%-*+14,/%-3Y@¸6/8;~s:5,/.!3;6D:.;=D'6/?".!12?B %/6D?".- Y1 :h1;=/.;8;3;.+: 0;BCR83M7 Mmn,9%!=/146<3Y3;:K6/mn8;:141 :
6/1;84.;:G3;):|}IR87 ~E%!%!O214O;3^Bg?C'698;%!6D:F?".-3;17:\=/6/6D84?C14%!%66/02?g.+=D1o:=s1;?".;63;): R8:E7 6/8;%-:1h143h34:K6/8;mn:A1;:Es?C#1h I%!%!4O4BgO4: Bg?C;'%!wA6D?"6/.-8;1h:E6/t84kG%!6>~04%=D:*-=:\1+?g6\6n:6rq::15698;:F=D.+04,/':
2B"It.-ds=/6r~¼6O404?C%!=¨=/'):\%N(!=}:34%-69Åa')=<12(+%!%!14,/@R.:Vq&?"'?"Bg1+:,/6/3;::\*!B",9? :O4%-@A;,D:\Bg::6D1+:'K6/3.+=¨1;%!'*!,/= :\:%!'=D6/.-6D?g:\1;.+3R*-1<:\+'K=/Å<.+6D?"1-6/.-69841b,D:>.-=/3;B-?g*+O4:\=/14,/6D.!%?C6/14BC.;= %'K6/.!q>?g.+B+8+1Rq>Å 8;6D.<?CIt')(a8<s1;~Êq&.q?"Bg6/;8aq>n04:84= ::K,/6/¶4:\84O;Ìa:\BC0;,}%?C?CO4,/1;:\%-:\=<')3F(;:?C?C1R693;=}?C3;,D%!::,/69'K:%6/?"?gqsB.+=:\14?"Bg%1V4Bs,/:\Bg?C'8414:%-(a?"!O;=<:\6D?C:3u1 , A

.-,93;:I&,´8;p:.+,D,:t6/%-8;,D:<:G%-% ')(a1a1;04.@Aq&2Bg::,´3;*!:%!@R,/?C%!:\1+1+6/6/==´.6D.VpP6/,/84::G6904It,/1hs~6D.VO469,D8;.-:<6D.;=/'K.-.-04B ,9a'K=9:-04')85%!=I%!8;.a: +>:1;. t:\q>,D:1;. +}:*+%!=\I&84:

6rÅ;O2:F.!p%!*!:\1+6&%!O2O2:%!,9=s?C1^6/8;:Em,/=/6&Bg?C1;:-
1!B° & & %`W± VX72°!« a®48° 7'&6+ [
I&8;?CI&=´8;'.-:<@Q'.-@Q@Q%!@Q1434%!=´14%3 BC=DR8.E7>*!1 ?"!2© :&-=&;%F© On%:.!$ ?C+1-©!6/®4:\,sB° 7''&%B" R8:\7G3 8& RB%`& ± %`G±h843;:\:K,/m:&1;6D:\.F=t6/6/848;:t: It=/.-s02~ ,/'%:<*-:\1;1+.;6 3;!:Fq>.8;p}?"')6/8Q84: ?C=Ít%-s1R~.-a'Ke.+:14'K1;6:?C'K1 6D?"E.-1P
I&8;:<'.-@Q@Q%!143 J
1!2° &1'/7;¬ VX72°!« a®48° 7'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [
36/;82:%mn61;?C:\1F=It698;s:~Mn:\69828;%`:s+3;?":.-=D,6/.?"12pn%6/6D8;?":.-1F3;:\14=/.a6D34?C14:´%!846D?"%!.-=1 %!141F.a%-34'K:´6D?".!p:It,/.!sB":~ ?C1E%-146/3<8;:%!=9O4=/,/?g.!*+6D14.;='6/.!.NB.!?"6¨p4%t*!:\On14.!:\?C,91-%6/6D:\?C,¨1;'*&%!%!Bg"'):\(a3 1;.=D?Cq&14B"(:\34 *!:\:@R1;:.!1-6/69:=

?C1h.+,/34:\,6D.V*+04%!,9%!1+6D:\:t6984%6>%!BgO2%!')(:\6/=%!,9,/?g-:G%!6698;:<3;:=D6/?"14%!6D?".-1
2
I ,S c % >
!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(55a©2&(±Ã4!±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>C/ R8B57[ 4!±

!1 °2& 7-52²a² VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 252²a²X[

R87>1 ©2&(&4©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 3 R87-52²a²
R87>1%87-72°%=& R=5 4-±SR87-5n²+²
R85 !4 ± 1 °2 & /=4
!R1 a°2% H;&°B&(¯Ãa5% H;±Ã©B&-¯W&4© ©VX47%:$°! «+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ R8%!5©24!&>± / %88797-+ 27;°¯;%=©&0/ B/7%2+
[

R% H;¯1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J9/ . J;° ,H J J J

R% H;¯1 °2
R% H;¯1°2&¯;©B7 46O; ;©;² 1°
I %-;B": ; w4}I&8;:F3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p}%Vs# %!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-1h04=D?C1;*5%RtkG~%*-:\1+6

I&8;:o'K.+@R@Q%-143IR87>1 ©2&-&4©%:$ +©-®;°B7'&QR=7 R 1'/O7;¬b34:Kmn1;:=Q6/8;:ª3;:=D6/?"12%6D?".-11;.;3;:!I&8;:o'K.+@R@Q%-143
R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬Rmn12%B"gÅ7@Q%-(:\=698;:FIts~'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+17n:6rq::17698;:<=D.+04,9'K:N%-143^3;:\=/6D?C14%6/?g.+1

1;.;3;It:=s~84%!=´@R%-1+ÅAO4%-,/%-@A:\6D:,/=q&?"6/8Q?C1;?g6/?"%!B4m4¶;:3R34:KpX%!04Bg69=%BC0;:\=6/84%!6'%!1Qn:t')84%-1;*!:3 ?gpP@A:1+6D?".-141;:3
:K6D.V¶4O;%-B"1;?C'K.!?"696D8;B"Å!:\¨|,2.+%,}BC0;:K: ¶42%!=/@Q%`Å7O;B"j-:j-A6/8;+:NÅ+3;6/:\:KpX= %-20;04Bg=/6s?"14It*Rs69~8;:<O4%!'K').+(!@Q:@R6=/%-?g14f\:>%3 84R8%!& =%`%F± =/?"1!f2° :>&.!p±2© !%`!¬4E2° & +9Åa/6D:;=° Ï&8;?C=ń'%-1Q2:t')82%!1;*-:\3
8;:1<q:s84%`-:s=/:!:,/%!BÄ2.q>= `qs:@Q%`ÅFq&?"=98F6D.E3;?C=D6/?"14*-0;?C=/8 6/8;:@ =D.N6/84%!6q:'%!1<?"3;:1+6D?gpÅF6/8;:@ q&?g698
33
3;%!=9?%=/?g:*+,D14:=1+66/.N'K69.-8;Bg.+:&,/It=Es?C1 ~Y6/'8;.-:514a1;?C:=/'K026/%?g.+B"?1 =9%%t6/?gÄ2.+.1 qO2?C%!3;,/:\61+hI6D?g&mn'\84%?"6D=F?".-?C=1 34..-9p 1;2:5 6+AÅ¼qs:698;=/:782%'B".-+@QBC%@Q6/:\%!,14*!3 ?"!RB:s& 6/%8;± :Ä21.°2q&
?C3;9:/=1-4 6/? m5'%6/6/84?g.+%!1 6
.Kp LGB 14'6/:.Q6/6/848;:R:FItNskN~~'K'.+.-14141;1;:\:''K6D6/?"?g.-.+1ª1 ?C=E3;:Km1;:\3 698;:R|Ï~%!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-1ª?C=E3;:Km1;:\3¼.!:\,t?g6\ I&8;?C=t?C=E3;.-14:A?C1
6/84:FtB"%-.-=D6D6:Q6/6/8282,D%:\:F6FBg2?C1;.-6/:\8Y=?C6/1o8;:5I%-It;sB": ~4%4*-:\1+6E%!=Gqs:\Bg%-=G6/8;:V|}I~%!O4O;B"?C'%6/?g.+1Y%-,D:R*!?"!:1¼On.!?C1+6D:\,9=\Nq:R'\%B"g:3
6/'84%!:FBg":\.-"3 1;:G(p.-&+,± 4698;:<Its~%*-:\1+6*8& %`±' 4046t'K.+0;B"3^84%`-:E02=D:3h%-1-Å7.!6/84:\,&14%-@A:B´%!143h6/84:F.-1;:Gp.-,|}I~q:

t xt:*!¶;:61-q6 `:&N3;kN:Km~|1;¨:&%-6/148;35:N3;:kN=D6/~?"14'%!.-6D14?".-1;1 :'K 6/x>?g.+*-1 :\1+%!6 12 3 N690;8;B":Na¨s?C=#34 :Kmn%-1;O4:O;3VB"? '\?C17%6D%?".-=/1 ?C@A.!?"BC:%!,,s?"6q+%`=DÅQ:\:%!I=s%!?"174Bg6/: 8;;:Ew4'x%-=D:t.tpkGIt~s=D~}.++|042,/.+':,

6/%!8412:A3hsO4#%-')(:\%!6O2=/O;?"fBg?C:!'%!6D?".-176/84%!602=D:=tkG~ 46/8;:E69%!;B": ; wR=98;.q>=%BC=/.R8;.q6D.V3;:Km1;:E6/8;:F69,/%-14=/@R?C=/=/?".-17,9%6/:
?C1-6/:\de,/14=/%6DBP:n%!3<:6r.!qp:3;:\:1^mn691;,/?C%-1;14*E=/@R6/8;?C:>=/=/,9?"%.-6/15:.!?Cp1 O469%-8;'):>(:\'K6/.+=&@Q04@R=/?"%-1414*R3#69R8;:<% H4'K¯ .+@Q1!@R°2&Ã%-14¯;3 ©2&;° J . J H `.-1;:'%-1A34:Kmn1;:698;:&6D?C@R:

R% H; ¯ 12° & /O7'&4°+¯ 4©;² J . J J 3
,9%!.+141 3;LNR.+6/-@ 84Åh:\,-6rÅ;1;')O;84.!?"?C%!14=/,9: * %!Q'6D?C1ª:\,/?C6/=D8;6/:R?"'\==/').84p½:\s340;#B" :\3M%!6/,/,9:s%!¯;14B© =97'@R46?":=9;=D?"q.-1o>8;6/?"?C@R')8<:=?C=Nd%>r6tÄn%!?C|= *t?C14. >3;?C7'%!-6DÅª?C1;3;*t:q>pX%!8;0;:\B"6/6 8;:%-,14.-3ª,'1;%-.!1M66D2.N:R?"=D1+:\6/6t,/.;6/34.h04n'::

R% H; ¯ 12° &¯;B© 7 46O; 2

M
c

4
I&8;:<O4%-')(:\6=/?gf\:<'%-1hn:<=D:\66D.5=/.-@R:E`%!B"04: ?"1o+Åa6D:=´04=/?C1;*
R% H;
¯ 12° &±2© %¬4B° & 9/;° - ±2© %¬42° & 1'/;6° .

.-~1 %!:R ,/. :@Q 6/.R%`69Åª=/,/.-%=D02V?C@,/'7'04:\=D=B".+%!%!6D04:,/,/:G'.-:346/¨8;:\6/'K:84BC,t%!:h,/6r:\Å;~3 On%-4:\,D=G,D:\:6D.=/.ªpOn:\.-69',/1 %6D ?"5. !:' B"Å=/%!4.-O20204O;=D,9Bg?C'K?C1;': *%!}6D%!?".-14143=N%¼6/826/%,96E%!'04:7=D:A34,/6/?g8;-:R:\1tkG=/.-~04,9O4'K:-,D.-¼I6D.;&'K8;.-:^B &:K69¶48;On:R.-:K1;¶4:O21-.+6/?"1;%!:\Bs1+%-6/14?"%!3 B

1!2° &1854¯ %!° VX74°!« +±a±n6² /%!2© &>/ 879+ ;¯;© 09/%B+ P!± 872°87-&>/`©;²X[
1!°2&1854¯ %!° VX74°!« +±a±n²6/%!©2&>/ 879+ ;¯;©09/%B+ ©!¯;°B&X[

I&.+8;1 :ª=D:>6/=/?"@R.-04:,9|'K:/:=44²+6/%!° (!B&:>%!/;½=}° O4^q%-,/>%-@R8;?C:')6D8:,/3;=:±2mn© 1;%:\¬4=RB° 69& 8;9:^/;%`°-:\,9%?C*-1V:G+!Å+. 6/:\<@= M 6/H(?"@R549¯ :1=s& %!8&14>3/;½¯;° ©2q&4>° ªq8;?C>')8Q8;?C3;'):K8mn143;:\:\=}6D:69,/8;@R:t?C%`1;!:\:=R,/%!6/84*!::

6/O4,9%-%!,D12:=/@A@R:\?C6D=/:=/l, ?g.+1O1 $2,9©!%±26/° :432x04t,D?C1^1;*G:K¶46/%-8;@R: !O4.-Bg:E1 G.p}On%R:\,/~?g.;%!34,/=\:d6/.Ve1ALG6/1 84-:&L ~ª%!,/?":=&6D*-.F?g-LG:\1 1^!+L Å7 =/.-02,/':sq:&%BC=D.E3;:Km1;:&6/8;*: -=/84%-O2O:

1!2° &1854¯ %!° VX74°!« +±a±n6² /%!2© &>/ 879+ ;¯;© 09/%B+ ©!¯;B° &X[
R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° &±4© %¬42° & 9/;° 3 J J

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B&QH(54¯91=& 8&>/;½° J J ;u1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° & /:44²+° B& /;½° J J ;j1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° &Ã¯a2© &4° J J ¬

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B& 1O$2©!±2° 2j. 3

|n.-,&%Q3;?C=/'\04=9=D?".-1h.-1o,9%!143;.+@
%!,/?"%-;Bg:= 4=/:: +:'K6/?g.+1 4;d
I&8;:E6/,9%!':F34,D?"!:1h%-O4O;B"? '\%6/?g.+17?C=&3;:Km1;:\3o%!=p.-Bg".q>=\ :Emn,9=D6&3;:'KBC%!,/:E6/8;:F69,/%-'K:Gm2B":!
1!2° & &;¯a© %!° /²+° VX72°« a¯;© %!° 9/!²+° [
RB&;¯a©%!° /²+° /²+°B72©:;° - /!²+°0.
I&8;:1 4q:E34:Kmn1;:F698;:<%!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-1h6D.Vn:F6/,9%!'K:F34,/?"!:\1^%!123h%!6D6/%-')87?"6&6D.V6984%6mnBg:-
1!2° &1¯ % VX74°!« +±a±n6² /%!2© &>/ 879+ ;¯;© 0 /%2+ ;¯a© %!° [
R 1¯ %B© &-&4© %:$B&;¯;© %° /!²+C ° RB&a¯;© %!° 9/!²+°

I&8;:m2B":t=98;.-04B"3Qn:>?"1Q;?C14%-,DÅ p.-,9@R%!6%!143Q'.-1+6/%!?"1A?"1+6/:\, O4%-')(:\66/?"@R:>?C1Q@Q=D:'&%!143QO4%-')(:6=/?"f:&?C1R+Åa6D:=

; ,'-& "%5313$'D- )-$#*/

E?C1;b?g6/?"?"%!=ABg?"%ªf?C1;3;*o?"=9''K,/.+:@R6/:5@Q:%--14:\3 1+6 1!°24& %-=D:7>3b10=D?CVX@72°!0;«BC%6/9?g/.+;615nªI²+&©2&68;+:7¯ [7I&''\Bs,D:=9%'6/,/:\?"O;=G6A%!3;1M:K:\mn!14::\1-=<6Eq>=9')848;:\:\13404:\!Bg::\, 1+6<%!=9128;3¼.-04:\B"!3b:\1+.;69'=N'\%-04,D,\:RoI6/&8;:841 :

=9')8;:\3404Bg:3h04=/?C1;*V6/8;:Ep.+,/@Q%!6
R87>1 2© & - &>/;½6° . - ° ;B° 7'&.
I&8;:<de1M=9').+8;04:\,E320;=DBg?C:@Q,O;?"B"=>:R=/:6/%-¶4,D%!6/@Q:\3hO;B"q>:8;q:\1o:R,9=9048;14.-1;04?CB"1;3Y*V=/14')8;= :434? 0;:-B"}6:Q/6/848;,/:Q.-0;2*+:\85*!?C69148;1;:<?C1;'K*ª.+@R%!14@Q3¼%-14:\3143YR=7>.1p6/2¯ 8;5-:Q7|}I~%!143¼6/8;:7s#

%!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-14=\}I&8;?C=>'%-1hn:<3;.-14:G6984,/.-0;*+87698;:Ep.!B"g.q&?C1;*Q'K.+@R@Q%-1434=\
R87>1 2© & J . R6% H4¯ 1=&4©+2¯ &
R87>1 2© & . J R(&+± 1=&4©+2¯ &
R87>1 ©2& . J R(&+±1:&!±
R87>1 2© & . 3 R% H4¯ 1:&!±

2
I ,S c % >
&pXI ,/.-8a@04=E6/6/?"84@R:R:<|}4I"E~6D?"q&Bg´?"Bg nn:Vj %! 'K%!6/Bg?g-04:R1;32?"6/04=>,D?C%-1;,D*^:GpX?",/1o.-@£=/:\'6/.-?"14@R34:o=@/! 76/?gB"> 2 7%-143Y6/8;:7s#q&?"B 2:V%!'6D?"!:V3404,/?C1;*

:<%!,/:<1;.qË,/:\%-3;Å56/.7,/021h698;:<q>8;.-Bg:<=/?C@ 0;BC%6/?g.+1´d p}.-02,>'K.+@R@Q%-1434=&q:\,/:Eq>,D?"6D6/:\1o?C1ª%Rm2Bg:<'\%B"g:3
:¶! 6/'KB =/::F6/%-;B": 4 6}qs:<84%`-:N6/.V=D?C@QO;BgÅh6rÅ;O2: 87 1°P. & %!²22
t.-6D:-?C1oI%-;B": ; Aq:<%!3434:\3^%66/8;:F:143o%!1;.-6/8;:,&O4,/.a':\3402,D:G6/84%!6&q>,D?"6D:=&%!1^.-046/O40;6mnBg:Fq&?"6/8^6/84:
?C.14p=D69698;%!:<1+6/.+%-0;1;6/:O4.+04046t=>m2=/?gB"f\:<:\?C=&s= .!p 698;?"14: |q&?"B?C: 1443;>I.qË&84.:ApO4It,/s.;'K~:\32%!046>,D6D: ?C@R?"=N:<%5?"1+,D6/::\',/04`,9%!=/B"?g=>-:F.p}.-41;": <=D%:p6D':\d,te1o:\%-6/')8;8ª:<4:"¶4<%!=D@Q:'<O;B"?":6N2'69%!8;Bg:C=>14?"6/%-=/@R:Bg: p
%*+%?C1¨dr6>O4%!=9=/:\=%!=&O4%-,/%-@R:6D:,6/8;:<Its~=/.-04,9'K:F%!1237698;:Em2B":F6D.Qq>8;?C')8hq:Eq&?"=98^6D.Qq>,/?g6/:G698;:F.-046/O40;6\

M
c

!w
!1 °2& 7>1 VX72°« 6/;65n²+©B&+¯ [

° /O72° 4 /)0;°+¯;°87'&
%;²+¯91 6+¯ 4;©B&4©44²!«>1 6+¯
R87>1%a²+¯ ²852°
R87>1%a²+¯ °(4
1!!1 °2°2 ±4&& °B«<&;7 ¯a/7&(©2$%!°°!/ ²+;°/¯;²+©°V !% ±2°'°BV7±2/!</²+°B7,°6O71 B5'!/ &²+° . &;«M¯ [ « [
R87>1 ;& ¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB;& ¯a©%!° / ²+°

!R81 7>°2 ±4&1 °B27727 ©O©O;;9&(2$&; ¯;°!/ ©²+°%°6+V !©;;&±2²a¯;°B²

7©R8%!72B°45'©:;& !/ .X27²+/!°©:²+;° «M[
±4¯6°% /O279°/O7<®2©/(²1:$
H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 5;& ±;¯;¯6©%!°%!°( 4B!/ 45²-¯;°° 27 ©O; !/ ²+°
R87 1 ;²85>1:$ 8;& ¯;©%!°
%-²61!°QRB&;¯a©%!° /²+°
°X°X%-P;P²6°/:&!1% °Q27J R8©:;27 ©O;B5' &%!/ ²+.?27° ©:
; &
+

1!1!°2°2&&¯a°a77©2&4J ° VV R8R81'77/ P11 777(((4;4;4;°6°° [[1
1!1!°2°2&& 77 VV R8R877 11 77((4;4;°° [[
1!1!°2°2&& 77 WVV R8R877 11 77((4;4;°° [[
3
¯a°a©24 & °²6/;7 ¬ 1 H2°2&-«2°a°B7 &($4° 7(4;°61
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 J R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬ R87 YR87 J . H J J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬ R87 YR87 J . H J J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 R87 J . 3 H J ;j1 ¯6!± 4©9/!²
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R87 R87 3 J . 3 H J ;j1 ¯6!± 4©9/!²
/ 4° 7 (;4 °± 1'/:&>/ 87 6+¯
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬!±QR=7 J R87 +¯ / °B7- & ¯ / ` ®
( '
$ & 264 !«-7
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 CR87 +¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬!± R87 YR87 +¯ / °B7' && ¯²+°`/ ®(($-& &
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬!± R87 YR87 +¯ / °B7'Ë
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 YR87
+¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬!±QR=7 YR87 3 +¯ / °B7- & ¯ `/ ®($'& 264 !«-7
2
I ,S c % >
R 87>a°B1 & 254=52°B52°B52°6°a² 9/;/ ;/:°& R87 ² R8/O;77 ¬ ,7J 6=7 & J
!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(&5a©2&(±Ã%±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 727'R8&°7+%=&>J / RBB&7[ %±

!1 °2&1'/;7 ¬ VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

R87>1 ©2&(4& ©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 R 1'/;7 ¬

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

RB& %± 1 °2 && ±2 ©/=4%¬4°B& 9/ ;°
RB& %± 1 °2 303

1R8!7>a°2&°B1 &(5a5©2&(±Ã4!±4& ©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>C/ R8B57[ !4 ±

!1 °2& 7-25 ²a² VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 225 ²a²X[

R87>1 ©2&(&4©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 3 R87-52²a²
1R85 !4 ± %81 7-°227& °%=&/=4 R=5 -4 ±SR87-n5 ²+²
R87>
!R1 a°2% H;&°B&(¯Ãa5% H;±Ã©B&-¯W&4© ©VX47%:$°! «+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ R8%!5©24!&>± / %88797-+ 27;°¯;%=©&0/ B/ 7%2+
[

R% H;¯1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J9/ . J;° ,H J J J

R% H;¯1 °2
R% H;¯1°2&¯;©B7 46O; ;©;² 1°
R87>1 ©2& J . R6% H4¯ 1=4& ©+¯2&
R87>1 ©2& . J R(&+± 1=&4©+¯2&
R87>1 ©2& . J R(+& ±1:& !±
R87>1 ©2& . 3 R% H4¯ 1:& !±
¯6%!°24245 ¯;° 0+¯±n²2&-& /O;7 ®«</O7'64 !«1'/ a°o. °2&91© 1©+¯-®(5B;½°B7-& 1 &($4° 72©O;½°
&22$ ° & %`± 1 B45 ¯ %° 7 (;4 ° %!©a²a²+°(4 & %`± 0854¯ %!° ©B7 4,B5'&-±-5'& /!²-°o.
±4®2¯6²KH2% ©;±2² ²7>2&1 </7 46!«*B& %`± B54¯ %!° /!²+°6+4*
!11!°2°2&& 7&>/½;« ° V JR=7>. 1 7!« [
±-R8!1 5'7>°2&&91 1 ©2%`«(&WR7 4!/ Ve°X²+P-° V ±4RB&¯ R=%`7±R87!0«S!B«45 RZM¯ %`RB%«-&>° 7'/;½4!1 °2°X &[ %` K«-±n7'²42&X[</O7'46!«YR8& %`± 0854¯ %!° R /!²+°
R87>1 ©2& J . K±2²2& </7 64 !«QRB& %`±SR«</7 !/ ²+°
+
R87>1 ©2& 3 . J /O7</21:$

R87> 1 ¯25(7
I%-;B": 4 n¨:K¶! 6/'B=/'\,D?CO;6m2B":

, ! -j

; 16/"'?5316/7*13)$ "'/13$'D$'?2
B".a'\8;%:6/1b?g.+1Aqs:5.!p,96/048;1 :G6/1;8;.;:73;:\:K=s¶4%!'K@Q.-04O;B"B"3V: 84;%`"-:>6/28;:\:V:\1Va?C')=/8;02.+%=DB":? =91Q%%6/?g6´.+,91Y%!146/.a34.!.-B´@^14d%-e@ 1Q.+q&,/?"34Bg:\,}3;6/?C=/. O;,DBC%`:ÅYO4,/%ª.a32vª04'K14:&.a69348;:\:>=<?C1;1;:\?g6/6r?"qs%!.+Bn,/B".;('7I%!&6D?".-841 :

.p¨6/84:<1;.;3;:\=&%-=?"1^|¨?g*n ; ;q:E%-343;:3h6/.Q6/8;:F69'KB=9',/?"O46&6/8;:Ep.-Bg".q&?"14*AB"? 14:\=\

/ 4° 7(4;°± 1'/:&>/ 87 6+¯
R87>1 425+±n²+X° P+6² /O7;¬ !Q ± R=7 J R87 +¯ /B° 7-&¯ /`(® $'&246!-« 7

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 CR87 +¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±

R87>1 1'/;2±n²+X° Pa6² /O7;¬ !± R87 YR87 +¯ /B° 7'&¯ /`(® $-&

R87>1 1'/;2±n²+X° Pa6² /O7;¬ !± R87 YR87 +¯ /B° 7'&Ë²+° (&

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 YR87

+¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±

R87>1 425+±n²+X° P+6² /O7;¬ !Q ± R=7 YR87 3 +¯ /B° 7-&¯ /`(® $'&246!-« 7

t.-6D:-h?gpN% ,/%-143;.-@ B".;'%!6D?".-1.!pN1;.;3;:=A?C=V')8;.+=D:1%!143 ?g6Q?C=Q1;.!6V=9%6D?C=DpX%!'K6/.-,/Å }.+1;:^'\%!1O4,D:=/=R.+16/84:
!,/: BC%`Å!.-046 E40;6/6D.-17%!143Q698;:\15%-1;.!698;:\,s,/%-143;.+@ÊB".;'%6/?g.+1Q?"=s')8;.-=/:\1P}LG1;:N'%!17%BC=D.F:3;?g6s6/8;:NBg.;'\%6D?".- 1V+Å
6/'K84B"?C:<')(- 8;?C1;::BC*oO^1;%.-.6G6Dp:6/696/8;8;84:Q:<%!·6¨@R6/3;.-8;?g046 :`=/8:14N9%!?g@:\qÊ344?"=90;O;6/BC6D%`.-ÅE1 =98;%!.12q>3M=046/84=¨:\q&1 ?"6/!8 34,9%-%1;*-?C@R*!?C%!146D3 ?"V.-1 :%!6/8;')8¼:>s14.a#34:RO46/%-.h')?"(6/:=F69= ,/:\ Ìa6/840;%!?C,/6:\Ä23ª.B"q.;'pX%,/6/.-?g@.+1 1;.;q&3;?g:G698
6D6/.82%j'6P*!?"1Q. ,/?C15:\3 69+8;%!:F14,D3Q:\!It:s,/=/~:t3;O4?C%-,D'):('K:\6/6/?g.+= 14 =sÄn.%-q&,D:G?"1;%*GBC=DpX. ,/.-?"1^@;1;BC.;0;3;:G:>2E0;66D.F%-,D6:GP@ ?"1Q04;')8hBC0;:!=/84}I.-t,/6Ds:\~, axt=D?C14'K<:E= %!17%!')xt(a 1;.Êq&84B":\%!3;=*-%R:\@R=D?":\f1+:N6/.=@p

-6/84h:<+2Å+:\6/*!:\?C=N14q>1;?C8;1;:\*V,/:\.%-p=>.-69048;,&:R=9It',/s?"O4~Ë6:O4¶%!!')(!6/:'K6>B ?C=G.p´=/?gf\:Rj-j V+Åa6D:=FI.7.-46/%?C1ª698;:R'.!B".-,9= nqs:R84%!3¼6D.^3;:Kmn14:A?C1

R87>1%a² + ¯ °(8² 524 °

R87>1%a²+¯
?C14=D6/t+:\;%-.-37146D%!:56rO4Å;69=9On848;:<%.-6A6/3;e= ??"Ep>,/:\pXq',D6D.+:hB"@
Å7%!B"696/,/8;8;:\:<%-:E3;'K14ÅY.+%-@R@
82@Q%`!+%-:5?C14=9043C%¼%72B"12? ©:=9%!;%@ 6/?g- .+m2 14Bg/!:=²-}'° qs%!1h:h74©:23;;½:E.¼°6O4.21;,/.-?"1+6A6/:\843 %`- :5?"1+6D6/.¼.Q,9%A04O41,/?"121+=<6D:?C,1.-.-,s,9?"3;1+:\6D,.Q6D% .Mm2aBgB: ?":¨q+ÅV?"6 *-}.!4?C1;0;* 6
?C1-6/.QLN6/6/8;84: :\,!|6/84?"B ?": 1;R*+=.-O;6/846/?g%!.+6>1^'?"%-1h1h6/n8;:F:<6/3;.-.-Oo14:F@R?":\1 1aN0 x
F s.!B".-,/?"1;*R1;.;3;:\= A;p.+,:K¶4%!@QO;B":E? p}14Q?C=6D.5%!O2O2:%!,?"1o,/:\3hqs:Fq>,/?"6D : R87 J % ;² +¯¯;(° 4n
F a84%!On:G.p1;.;3;:=¨+Å53;:KpX%-0;B"6698;:Å5%-,D:G,D.+04143 a40;6&'\%!17%-O4On:\%!,3;%? :,D:1+6DB"Å!¨|2.+,´:¶;%-@QO;Bg:G.-14:N'%-1
6rÅaOn: R87 1:$4©!±2° HXP .+,?"14=/6D:%!3h.Kp !n.`¶ .+1;:F'%!1^04=/: !8;:¶4%*!.+1 <.+*, !'?",9'KB": /
F s.!B".-,/?"1;*ABg?C14(a=\}6rÅaOn:Ep.-,:¶4%!@QO;B":
R=7>1 425a±n²+° Pa6² /O7a¬ !± R87 J R87
%a² +¯ ®;¯;°+B° 7
F xt343;?C1;*R%!1435,/:\@R.a?C1;*<@Q%!,9(+=\ Y:G'%!17@R%-,/(R% 14.a34:N%6%F*!?"!:1Q6D?C@R: p.-,s:K¶4%!@QO;B":t%6s6/8;:E=9%!@R:

6D?C@A:<%-=qs:F%-'K6D?"%6/:\3^=D.+@A:E69,/%V'E=/.-04,9'K:F%!66984%6&6/?"@RB: /|n.-,:K¶4%-@RO4Bg: ;qs:F'%-176rÅ;On:!
R=7>1 2© & Y. J R87 (© 4-46O;½©+¯+¬ ; H28² 52° HXP
R=7>1 2© & J . J R87 4;°a²+2° &46° ;½©+¯+¬ ;

I&8;?"=&,/:\=90;B"6/=?C1o%R4B"0;:<@Q%-,/(V6984%6>=904,9,D.+041434=698;:<1;.;3;:<wQ3404,/?"14*R698;:F6D?C@R:F?"1+6/:\,/`%!B w-
F xt343;?C1;*5BC%!n:BC=\%QBC%!n:B'%!1ª%-O4On:\%!,>.-1o6/84: =/'\,D:\:\1^pX,/.-@ %V*!?"!:1h6/?"@R:A.-1+q%-,/32= ;:- *nsp.+,>*-?ga?C1;*
6/8;:FBC%!n:uB -%!'K6/?g-:F1;.;3;: R6D.V%Q1;.;3;:<14wApX,/.-@z6D?C@A:V- a6rÅaOn:!
R=7>1 2© & j. R87 ²+© H4°;4
² ! © %:&>/ 4° 724;6° ! 0

v 2
I ,S c % >
%!143h6D.Q*!?"!:F%R6/84:FB"%-2:\Bj!Its~?C14O40;6&B"? 12((R6/.VBg?C14(514 1 6rÅ;On:

R=7>1 425a±n²+° Pa6² /O7a¬ !± R87 J R87 ²+K© H2°;² /O7+-± 5'&Ã²6/O7a¬
F xt343;?C1;*A6D:K¶;6\%!6´6/84:Nn.!6D6/.-@pX,9%!@R:>.pP698;: Gx £q&?C143;.q.+1;:t'\%!1V@Q%!(!:>6D:¶a6%!O4On:\%-,´%!6s%F*-?g-:\1

6D?"= ?C@A:-&I&8;?"=N'%-1^n: 04=/:\3o6/.73;:=/'\,D?C2:A=D.+@A:F:\!:1-6&6984%6N?"=t=/')8;:340;B":\3ª%!6>6/84%!6>6D?C@R:!&xt1M:K¶4%!@QO;B":
R=7>1 2© & 3 R87 1 &a¯;© %!6° -B© 7-72&;2© &4° ! K±2© %`¬42° & 4a0¯ !± ! 0
F LG1;:F@R%`Å7pX04,/6/8;:,>%!343^?C1 Nx ³%V@R.+1;?g6/.-,/?"14*R.!p698;: Ìa0;:0;:<=D?"f:-|2.+,:K¶4%!@QO;B": 26D.5@R.-1;?"6D.+,&6/84:

?"14O20;6>Ìa0;:\0;:E.!p698;:FBg?C14(h1 r14w a.+1;:F6rÅ;O2:
R=7>1 1'/;2±n²-X° Pa6² /7;¬ !I
± R87 R87 B52B° 52° 61 J . 3

xtBg6/8;:F:¶;%-@QO;Bg:=&,D:p:\,6/.V.-ae:'K6/=&34:Kmn1;:3^?"1^:K¶- 69'KB d
I&8;:E*-,9%!O28;?"'G?C1+6D:\,DpX%!':E.p Gx ?C=>=/84.q>17?C1hm2*-04,/: ; w4
|¨?"*-04,/: ; w4Nx *-,9%!O48;?C'G?"1+6/:\,DpX%!'K:

; = !>13$'

E'K.+Y,/,/=/:\?"=9@AOn.-0;14BC%3;6D?C?"1;.-*R1b6D'\.Q%!16/84O4:F,D:.;!34:021+'K6/:5=&,/n:.!*!6/?C8 =/6D:\698;,/:\:V3ha%?"=96&0469%8;B":<?C=/%!1;6D:?"6r.-q1Y.-6/,9,9(%!'K: p.-, Gx N%-=Eqs:\Bgs%!=F%!1b%-=/'?g¨m2B":V6/,9%!':

8;:1Vqs:N04=D:N6/,9%!'?"1;* %!=s@R:\1+6D?".-1414:\3V?C1h+:'K6D?".-1 ;"8 a14=s?"12=D:,D69=}p.-02,.-;e:\'K69=´?C1V698;:tB"? 12(n¨·14ÌaI
kG:\ÌaI 4>:'K;I%-143^kG,9O4I 4%!=?C143;?C'%!6D:3h?C1^|¨?g*n ; 2
n0 n1
EnqT Queue DeqT Delay TTL RecvT
DrpT Agent/Null
drop
|?"*-02,D: ; 2}I,/%-'K?C1;*R.-ae:'K6/=?C1o%Q=D?C@QO;Bg:¶hB"? 12(

X
> +
s
· 2
1 +
Ì
I D
, \
: !
* C
? D
= /
6 \
: 9
, ´
= C
? a
1
p -
. 9
, Q
@
% /
6 g
? +
. 7
1 K
' +
. 4
1 K
'
: /
, 4
1 "
? ;
1 Q
* R
% 4
O !
% )
' !
(
:
6 /
6 4
8 !
%
6 -
% /
, /
, "
? !
\
:
= !
% 2
1 7
3 C
? &
= a
Ì ;
0 \
: ;
0
: 7
3 !
%
6 9
6 ;
8 E
: "
? 2
1 4
O ;
0 >
6 a
Ì ;
0 \
: 4
0 :
.+pÅQ69kG8;:R,9O4BgIE?C14ak(Ntd:ÌapÍ698;,D:Q:\*!O4?C%!=D6/'):\(!,9:=6>?C.1a-p.-:\,9,D@QÄ2.%q>6/?g=.+156/8;%:6s1M6/?C8;1a:Gp.-?",912@Q=D69%%!6/1+?g.+6s1ª698;'K:E.-12O4'K%!:\'),9(!1;:?C61;?C*5=693;8;:\:RÌa0;32:,D3.+¨|O4O2:?C3M14%!O4Bg"%-Å')a(>:6N:'K%!;,/I: 84*!%!?"!12:3;=´Bg:043 =
?C1ap.-E,9@Q¼%%6DB"?".-.1^q>%!=Gn02.-=E0466D.oO2%!*!'):\(6E:\@R6/=.+69,D84:R%?"6>1;p84.-%`,9-@R:G%!n6D:?".-:1Y1o6/,D84:'K%-:1¼?"!69:843h,/.-%!0;6*+6/8M8;:F6/84.+:504O4%!0;n6&.!.!: p6/6984,/%-:F'KBg?C?C1;14*2(5LG1;:Qq%`Åª?"=F+ÅM04=/?"14*
Ìa0;:\04:<@A.+1;?"6D.-,/?C1;*2Ï&8;?C=&?"=&34:\=9',/?"n:\3o%6698;:F:\143^.!p+:'K6/?g.+17n w2

I&8;8;:<:1Y@R:\69%-,/%-1;'K?C1;?C1;*-*^=?".1+p¨6D6/.ª84%-:E1¼m2:.+BC0;346/=>O4%-04,D6<:-%!=9'K?"¨m2Bg: 698;:Q6/,9%!'K:Q?C=E.-,/*-%-1;?gf\:\3¼?"1 7m2:\B"34=F%-=Gp.!B"g.q>=G?C1 |?"*2 4 j4

From To Pkt Pkt Src Dst Seq Pkt

Event Time node nodetype size Flags Fid addr addr num id
¨| ?"*-04,/: ;j;¨|¨?g:\B"34=t%!O4On:\%-,D?C1;*R?"1o%R6/,9%!':
->I&'K.-8;,9:E,/:\mn=9O2,9=D.+6&14mn3:BC,D3o:=/?"On=&:\69'8;6D:<?"!:\:\!BgÅ:\1+6/6&. 6rÅ;,/On:\':!:d?"!r6>: ?C=&%*!6o?"!6/:841^:Y+.+Å^0;6/.-O41;04:F6^.!.!p¨pAp.-69048;,>:YOnB".-?C14=9(9=/?" ;EB":<:\14=/ÅaÌa@A0;:20;.-:\B"3 = G3;8 :Ìa0;:\0;
V:3q>8;%-?C14')83

34,D.+O4On:\3
4>I&8;:F=D:'K.-1235m2:\B"3^*-?g-:\=6/8;:F6/?"@R: %!6q>8;?"')8^698;:F:-:\1+6.a'\'04,9=\
w2 &N?g-:\=6/84:F?"14O20;6>1;.;3;:F.p6/8;:FB"?C14(7%!6q>84?"')8^6/84:F:!:1+6.;'\'04,9=
n &N?g-:\=6/84:F.-0;69O40;6>1;.;3;:E.p¨6/84:FBg?C14(7%!6q>8;?"')8^698;:F:-:\1+6.a'\'04,9=\
j4 qs&N:?g-*-:\%`=-6/:s846/: .GO469%!8;').-(!=/::&6%!6rO4Å;O4O2Bg: ?C'%! p6D.-?",&.-14:=\¶4|%!n@Q.-O;,B"::K¶4%!s@Q#O; B":4!.+6/,>8;:>ItIts~}s4I~&%!8;O2:<O;6rBg?CÅ;'On%!:<6D?".-'K.+1 ,/?",/1R:\=9IO2%-.+;14B"34: =46DN?.VC69=}8;': %!14Bg"%-:\3@R:F696/'84O %!26
v2 &N?g-:\=6/84:<O4%!')(!:6=D?"f:-
;N+.-@R:GÄn%*+= 6984%6&q:F=/84%!BgP=/::EBC%6/:\@, /
H2>I&LG8;1;?":A=N'\?C=t%!1o698;pX:04,/Än6/84.qË:\,E?C043 =/: mn6/>3 84?"=N.m2p´:\drB"~s3M;pvV.-,G6/84%!%!146N%!%hBgÅ;=/04?"=D=G:,NO404'\,9%!O21M.+=D=/::=@6tA½p?".-6N,N?C:\=E%-%')BC8o=D.^Ä204.q=/:\3ª%6Gq>6/8;8;::A1¼?"12=9O2O4:0;'K6<?gpLGÅa?"I&1;*o'KB¨=/=/6/'\,/,D:\?C%!O;@ 6
'K.!B".-,sp.+,6/8;: Gx 3;?C=/O;BC%`Å!
{2>I&8;?"=?C=&698;:<=D.+04,9'K:E%!3434,/:\=9=*!?"!:17?C1^6/8;:Ep.+,/@.!3p -1;.;3;:! On.-,/6 4
\2&I&8;?"=?C=&698;:<3;:\=/6D?C14%!6D?".-1^%!3434,/:\=9= +*-?g-:\1h?"1^698;:<=/%-@R:Np.+,/@^
!-&I6/&%8;6/?"?g.+=14?C==?"6/1R8;:F%t1;,/:\:\%!6rqsBa14.+:,/(R6rqBC.-%`Å!,9(N:\,s3;O4.E,/1;.!.-6D.;6'04.!=/XB :& ==DO4:Ìa%!0;')(!:\:146':s=D:1aÌa040;@A:\142'::N, 1a1404=}@A(!2:::O4,}·=s69,/!%-:\')15(G6/.8;p2.+N0;kN*-87~btO4kG%!')~ (!:?C6¨@Q=DO;:ÌaB":\0;@R:\14:\1':
1+02@ n:\,p.-,&%-14%B"Å;=D?C=O404,9O2.+=D:=
4&I&8;:EB"%-=D6m2:\B"3o=98;.q>=6/8;:<021;?"Ìa0;:F?C3h.p¨6/8;:<O4%-')(:\6
t
x
?C1Î%!4Bg: ; 2´
= !
% A
1 K
: 4
¶ !
% Q
@ ;
O "
B : +'K.-12=D?C3;:\,¨698;:mn,9=D6¨B"? 14:\=}.!p698;:>6/,9%!':&O4,D.;3402'K:\3R+ÅA,904141;?C1;*E6/84:t=/'\,D?CO;6¨:K¶- 69'KB4*-?g-:\1
H 2
I ,S c % >
Z J .. 44¯¯ .. .. JYJYJJ

2% H J J J 0000 J 3 J
¯ .. J
44¯¯ .. .. JQJQJYJYJJ
2% H J J J 0000 J 3 J
J 0 % H J J J 00000 J 3
¯ ... 4¯ ;¯
Z J 0 % H J J J 00000 J 3
J 0 % H J J J 00000 J 3 . . . JQJY. JYJ J J
;;¯¯
J J 0 % H J J J 00000 J
.. 33 .. JYJYJJ JJ
¯ ...
Z J J 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J
; ¯
J J 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J
44¯¯ .. .. 3 . JYJ J
J 0 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J . 3
¯ ...
Z J 2% H J J J 0000 J 3 J
J
44¯¯
J .. .. JJ
2% H J J J 0000 J 3 J
% H J J J 00000 J 3
. && ±± 4¯ .. %%.. . . J
Z J % H J J J 00000 J 3
J % H J J J 00000 J 3
Z J % J 00000, J J JYJ
¯ .. && ``±±
J % J 00000, J J JYJ
J J ) J % J 000002 J J .. %%.. JQJQJJ
¯ ...
Z J J )
J J ) & `±;¯ . %. . JQJ . J ,
% J 000002 J J
% J 000002 J J

;;¯¯
J J 0 % H J J J 00000 J
.. 33 .. JJ ,,
¯¯ ...
Z J J 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J
;& ±¯
J J 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J
. . %. 33JY. JJ ,
J 0 0 3 % H J J J 00000 J
.. && ±±
00 % J 000002 J J
Z 00 % J 000002 J J .. %%.. JYJYJJ

¯ .. ÃÃ&©© ``±¬¬

00 % J 000002 J J
%%... %... JYJYJYJJJ
3 0 % J 000002 J J

..
Z 3 0 % J 000002 JQJ
ÃÃ©© ``¬¬
3 0 % J 000002 JQJ
%%.. .. JYJYJJ

¯ ...
Z 3 0 % J 000002 JQJ
ÃÃ©© ``¬¬
3 0 % J 000002 JQJ
%%.. .. JYJYJJ
3 J % J 000002 JQJ

¯ ... ÃÃ©© ``¬¬

Z 3 J % J 000002 JQJ
3 J % J 000002 JQJ %%.. .. JYJYJJ

©© ``¬¬ %%.. .. JYJYJJ

3 % J 000002 JQJ
¯ ...
Z 3 J % J 000002 JQJ
&&© `±±¬ %. . . JY. J J

3 J % J 000002 JQJ
J J % J 000002 JQJ
..
Z J J % 33 000002 J J
&& ±±
J J % 33 000002 J J .. .. JJ

¯ .. . .
Z J J % 33 000002 J J 3
& ±
J 3 J % 33 000002 J J
3 J % 33 000002 J J . .J 3

J

I%-;Bg: 4 j4|¨?C,/=/6&B"? 1;:=.p¨6/8;:F69,/%-'K:Gm2B":.-046 6/,eRO2,D.;3404':\3^+Å7:K¶- 69'KB

>
M9
!{

de6/1¼,9%!+':E:'K.-6D1;?".-B"Å71 %Q4g=/F02q4=D:<:\6&%BC.,D:p%!6/3;8;Åh:=D@A:- :1+6D?".-1;:3^84.qÃ6/.V6/,9%!'K:<%!Bg=D?C@ 0;BC%6/:\3^:-:\1+6/=\ : 1;.qË?C143;?C'%6/:Fq%`Å;=6/.

@Q%!14I&3 8;:NR87>mn1 ,9=D&;6¯;q© %`%!ÅR6° 6/.V2543;B° .V52°n=D.R|2?"=.++,Å7:K¶4,/%!:\@QO;BCO;%!'B":?"144*Aq:F698;':F%-'K17.-6r@QÅ;On@Q: %!123 R87>1 &;¯a©%!°6+©a²a² - /²+°B72©:;°6.<-Å76/8;:F'K.+@
R87>1 &;¯a© %!6° B52B° 52° R87 R87 YR /!²-°
q>1;.;8;3;?C'):8F=%q&7 V?"Bga%!,D14:3 =/047 Bg6?"1< 698;%-:\1F=/.-:<04%!6/,/O4:F0;1;6.;6/,93;%!:\'=t:}3;m2:KB"mn:´146/:\823^%6?"1o'.-I1+%!6/%!;?"B"12: =P;.-"1489BgÅE: xu-:\1+=/?"6/@R=6/?"B 84%-%!,&6'K.;.+'@R'\04@Q,/%-:\3F143h.-'\:\%!,1^698;2:´:AB"04? 12=D(G:35n:p.+6rq,&:6/:841 :
1.4p}%-@u'K.+046/,9,9%!=D:E': %+p046/:\=D,?C1;6/r* 8472:<:© 3;;9:K&amn¯;14© ?g6/%!?g6° .+ 1h2.!52pB° 52698;°:F?"12B"?=D146/(a:\%!= 3R;? .!:!>p %&;¯;p© 6D:%!,0° 6/8;2:<52B° =954',/°n?"O46>I&O484%!*: ,/6&a¯;.p© %!I6° %! 42Bg:52B° 452g-°>B"? 14:t=/84.-0;BC3Q%!O4On:\%-,

3;?C=/'\dr046Q=9=D?"=Q:37%!B"?C=/1M. +On:\.-'6D=9?"=/.-?";1oB":^w4 6Dv4. m2B"6D:\,Q:\!:1-69=Q04=D?C1;*b041;?g¶'K.+@Q@R%-1434=Rq&?"6/8;?C1 6/8;:o6/'B>=/'\,D?CO;6\I&8;?C=Qq&?gB">n:

; ?$'&%#2 16%53->/

t?C1 %-6914,/3;%.-V@z'@R%!.;,/3;?"%-:;B"?CBg1;:*F= %! 14N3A=@?"1R´q&1;:\?g696r8ªqs.+3;,/?%(F:=/,D?"@A:1-0;6NBC%3;6D?"?"=/.-6/1A,/?C4q0;:6D?"4.-,/12?":K=>Ä2'Å %-,/1^:\'\n%: B"a'\6/,D8;::>%6D3;::3^mn?"1;1o?"6D14?".-=\14sk=}E%-0;14:<3R6/@A.V.+?g@R69=>:\?C1+@Q6/=Ö2.!.+p,D6>@Q,/%.!?CB"1 :

,9%!143;.+@%!,/?"%-;B":\=?C1ExtO4On:\1434? ¶Q!-P|2.+,P@R.-,/:4%!')(+*-,/.-02143 K.+1;:'%-1G'.-14=90;B"6:! *2<$'&-&+*± )^+-+«a«a%« . P %B7%. % O;<+;

de=/1?"@A%!0;34B"%!346D?g?C6/1;?g.+*V1 %Q6/,/.%-14?g693;=V.-@3;?"=/`6/%-,/?C,D4?C%!0;46D?"Bg.-:-1 698;:\,/:ª%!,/:h.-6/8;:,V%!=9O2:'K69=V6/84%!6Qqs:M1;:\:\36D.n:M'K.+14'K:,/1;:3.!pGq>8;:1

F kN.hqs:<q%!1+6>6/.7.+;6/%!?"1ª698;:A=9%!@R:A`%!B"04:<.p698;:R,9%!123;.-@ %!,/?"%-;Bg: q>8;:\1M,9041414?"1;*h%*-%!?"1o698;:A=/?C@

0;'K.-B"%!@Q6D?"O4.-%-1 ,D:5 On34.-?",/=9:\=D?C';6DB"B"ÅÅ `p%-.-,D,RÅa%M?C1;*Y=/?"1;=/*-.-Bg@R:h:^,/%-.!14693;8;.-:\@,QO4=/%-:,/6 %-@A.!p&:\:6D:!,/:=A1+6/.= pN¨=/84?C.@ q 0;BC69%8;6/?g:h.+14=/?C=@ ¸60;BC%96/8;:\?"3=Qq,/:\.-=9040;B"B"36/= %34B"g:\.Onq :\14043=R.+6/1.
=D.+@A:FO48+Å;=/?"'\%BO4%!,9%!@R:\6D:\,9= =904')8o%!=B"? 12(53;:BC%`Å;=.-,&Ìa0;:0;:EBg:1;*!69>8 /
F Ltp6D:\1hq:<1;::3h,9%!1434.-@%!,/?C%!;B":\=6D.5n:F?C143;:\On:\123;:\1+6&.p¨:\%-')87.-6/8;:,
I&=9'8;,/?":QO;6@*!/:I1;&:\,98;%: 6/?g.+=/:1ª:\3^.p,/%%-BC0;14:F3;.-.!@¸p}V%-,/:\,D=9?C%!0;;B"6/B"=&:\=E?C1^04=/6/:\8;=E: %^*!:\=D14:\:\:\,93 %6D ?"q>.-8;1h?C').8¼p}%V?C=F1;=/:\.-q@R,9:R%!1a12043;@A.-@2:,G%-6/,D84?C%!%!;6GB":Fq:R:\%-q>')87,D?"6D6/:Q?"@R?C1¼:<q698;:<:Q,96/04'K1 B
6/q84:V:>qs=D?C.+@ 0;0;B"3bBC%6/84?g%`.+-1 :Q-=/6D.E.M? p½=9%`q!:&:Qq&6/8;?"=9:78 *!6/:\.<1484:\%`,9%!6D::693Y8;:>,9%!=/12%-3;@R.-:@ *-:\`1;%-:,D,/?C%!%!46D:Bg:3A=5d,9%!e141b34.-'@ .-1+6/,9%!%!,/=/?C%!6 ;B"? :\p&=qp.+:5,}043;=D'? :V½:\.-,/6/:\8;1+:6,<=/=/?"@A::\0;32BC=F%6D6/?"8;.-:121 =
:\=/?"%-@A')8o0;B"6D%!?C6D@R?".-: 1hqq&: ?gB",/02n1o:F6/*!8;::R1;:\=D?C,9@ %6/0;:\BC3%6/?g.+1 2698;:A=9%!@R: =/:\Ìa0;:14'K: .p´,9%!143;.+@ %!,/?C%!;B":\=&6984%6G%!,/:F*!:1;:\,9%6/:\3o?C1ª%
':K¶4,/:\%-%!@Rde6D1 :oO414Bg6/:F= 84n:M?:p=/B".%-qsqF@A:Q:ª04=/:Q%!B"340;'? :½=Q:\,/.:\pF1+6E,/%-*!14:3;1;.+:\@³,9%6/.-%!,9,/=t?"%-q&;?"Bg6/:8Y= 6/ 8;04:V14Bg=9:%!=/@R=V:V698;=D:M:\:\=/3Y::\%!3 143Y?C=V6/f8;::V,D.6=9/%!@R:V 3;:M?C=D=/6982,D%?C4B">0;6/=D?g:\.+:ª1 P6/8;6/?C84=V:ÅM?C1 q&%-?"Bg1

:Emn,/=/6&',/:\%!6D:F%Q1;:qË*!:1;:\,9%6/.-,%!143o%!=9=/?g*+156D.V?"6>%Q=D:\:\3 4=9%`Å ;q&?g698h698;:<'K.+@Q@R%-143

1!°2& 7;® VX74°!« [
R 7;® 1!°+(° 4

I&O4%-8;,/:%-1b@Aq>:\6D8;::\,/1b=\ %!'6/04:^%!*!Bg"?"ÅY!:h'\,D=/::%-6/:\?",91;%*ªBs%ª:K¶4,9%!%!@Q1434O;.-B":\@ =R2:\%-Bg,D.?CqF%!;7B": qs:^qs:5',/82:\%%`6/!:7:Q6D.MN=R3;:q&mn?g1;69:58?"~6/=A%-,D3;:\?C6D=D. 69,D´?C4s0;.+6/14?g.+=D691Y%!1+6rÅ;6 }On:7G1;%!?g12p.-3Y,9@?"6/=
·¶4On.-1;:1+6D?C%BP%!123 G ÅaOn:\,/·¶4On.-1;:1+6D?C%BP3;?C=D69,D?C40;6/?g.+14=\
w! 2
I ,S c % >
-t]:K>¶4[4O2`:_+'K\69 %6D?"º .-1^T\%!\12`37¨?"P6/=>=984%-xO2:<zO4%-~,/%-%-,D@R:\6D:.¼6D:34,?"=/6/4,/?"6/2840;:<6D3;:3:KpX%-0; Bg6&}=/%!%`B"Å 0;:a=&h%!?C,/=Q:Q'K!.+A14=D%-6914,/023 'K6D!:jA3,/+:\Å=9On=/:\On'K:\6/?g'-? p:ÅaB"Å!?C1;*Y?"6/=

12° &¯ V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° + ©+¯+2° &6X[

R!¯ 5>1!°6-¯B7;® R 7;®

R!¯ 1!2° &Ã© a® J . J

R!¯ 1!2° &1:$2©!±4° 2.

4NÀ ½T[2 x 3;:*-:\1;:,/%!6D:3h,9%!1434.-@

%!,/?"%-;B":G?C=&698;:<'K.+14=D69%!1+6q>8;?"')8^:Ì+02%BC=6D.Q?g69=&%BC0;:!
12° &¯ V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° + B791=&;8© 7-&M[
R!¯ 5>1!6° -B¯ 7;® R 7;®

R!¯ 1!°2& 4©;² 3 . J

w2h¾ nW T\\` ¨P½ &dr6?"=&34:Kmn1;:356984,D.+0;*-876/8;:F=9@Q%B"g:=D6%!1437B"%-,D*-:\=/6sOn.!?C1+6?C1h?g69==904O4On.-,/6

12° &¯ V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° + 7</ 6-:¯ ; [
R!¯ 5>1!6° -B¯ 7;® R 7;®

R!¯ 1!°2& ;/O7 J . J

R!¯ 1!2° & ;½X© P J . J

n P»½_a[4ZT` \X &dr@6 =>3;:mn1;:\3^6984,D.+0;*-87?g69=>%`!:,/%!*!:N`%!B"04:!

12° &¯ V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° + P+6± B748° 7-&>/©+X² [
R!¯ 5>1!6° -B¯ 7;® R 7;®

R!¯ 1!°2&Ã© a® 3

j4t¡ P»_a_ P»½_a[4ZT` \X &dr6&?"=&34:Kmn1;:3o%!=p.!B" .q>=

12° &¯ 3 V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° +
+±;°+¯ P-± B7;B° 7-& /©aX² [
R!¯ 3 5>1!6° -B¯ 7;® R 7;®

R!¯ 3 1!°2&Ã© a® . J

R!¯ 3 1!2° & % %. J

t:¶;6 q:7O4,/:\=/:\1+6 %M=9@Q%B"sO4,/.!*+,/%-@ ,/½! 6/'aB t6984%6A6D:=D69=<~%!,/:6/.M3;?C=D69,D?C40;6/:\3,9%!1434.-@ %-,D?C%!;B":\= q&?g698

:\3;I&%-?%8;'): 8¼:,D:=/% :1+B:65-3 =/7':&':.t34ps=s%!%-%!,/14B"?C0;35%!:;=E*-B":\:1;?":=s,/Q%!%!=9%!6D=D.+14?",/*-3 =1;-:23&0;6%!698;12q&:t3¼?g691a85*-04:\@A6/1;84:2:G,/:%!=9,}6D%!.-.@R,p½½:GqsG~:Q%!=,/'6/:,/826D:\%.<%!6}6D34:Qq?"=/:>%o6/,/'?"=D,/2::\0;Ì+%046D6/?":\:>.-14104'}d=/:A?"r1;.!6*Fps?C=s696/8;82*-|: ,D?g-:\B:R:\&;1V6°,9%!?C1=1714&'34>I.-%!p@¸.+4,}Bg: :\%!%-;,/')?"v48A%-¨|;=/2:B":\:.+=\3 ,
%!1237 *-:\8;1;::1¼,/%!q6D:V.-,\,/041Y6/84?"=E:¶;%-@QO;Bg:Qq:V'%!1Y.-2=D:,D-: 6/82%6Ep.-,E=/::3Y P6/8;:V6rq.^*!:\14:\,9%6D.+,/=N*!?"!:Q3;?%:,D:1+6
%h%*!BC0;:\:\14=s:\,9.%p6D`.+%-,t,D'\?C%!,D:4%Bg:6D@=:A+=tqs6984:N,/6/:8a:Q043;='? .-½4:\6/,/%:\?C1+156EvA%3;BC'?0;½:\:\= ,/P:\41+60;6G%6/BC840;:\:\=/= :R 69%!84B",D0;:\::t=EpX,/3;.-.^@ 14:.!%!6E')3;8V:\*-On:\:\1;14:3Y,/%!.-6D1¼.-@, 6//8;|:Q2*-.+:\,´1;.-:6/,/8;%!:6D,.-,\=/&::6/3484= :
6/8^%BC0;:F',/:\%!6D:3h+Å7*-:\1;:,/%!6D.+,tE?C=&6/8;:<=9%!@R:F%!=698;: 6/8^',/:\%!6D:3h+Å7*-:\1;:,/%!6D.+, 4

>
M9
w2
9/;2±2²+°°XP4©:;4±n²+° 4;°:; B7>1=&;¯a©2&>/O7;® 5>1!° &($2° ©87 46:;;©+¯ /©H2²+°4%!²+©61-1 a¯6O; & %-²
1!°2& %85-7'&
6+¯,* 1 °2& / J +* R6/ - 6+4*6/O7 %¯/+,*
±-5'&91 3L L L L L / L R6/
!1 °2& ;7 ® VX47 °!« [
R ;7 ® !1 °+°(4 R6/
!1 °2& ;7 ® VX47 °!« [
R ;7 ® !1 °+°(4 R6/
!1 °2& ¯ VX27 °« ©B7 64 :; 4©+¯ / ©KHn²+°'+ ©+¯;°8&X[
R-¯ 5>1 °6-¯2;7 ® R ;7 ®

R-¯ 1!°B&© +® J . J

±-R-R-5'¯¯&9 1 &4!1 °B°1:&&'1=&64 B1:4$5'R©!&%±2B5-° 47-2&°61=&>. /;7 ® ©+¯a°2& /(1:;& ¯ / H-5-&>/ B7 © a®YL V R-¯ 1!°2&Ã© +® X[ 1:$2©!±4°IL V R-¯ 1 °2&1:$2©!±2°X[

!1 °2& ¯ VX27 °« ©B7 64 :; 4©+¯ / ©KHn²+°'+ ©+¯;°8& X[
R-¯ 5>1°6-¯27;® R 7;®

R-¯ !1 °B & © +® J . J

R-¯ !1 °B& 1:4$ ©!±2°2.
±-R-5'¯&9 1 4& °1:&'1=&46B5'R&%B5- 47-&°61=&>/7;® ©+¯a°2& /(1:&;¯ / H-5-&>/ B7 © a®YL V R-¯ 1!°2&Ã© +® X[ 1:$2©!±4°IL V R-¯ 1 °2&1:$2©!±2°X[

I%!4Bg: 4 v2Ï:\=/6D?C1;*Q~%!,/:6/.R34?"=/6/,/?"20;6D:3^,9%!123;.-@
%!,/?C%!;B":\=q&?"6/8o3;?%:,D:1+6=/::34=
w 2
I ,S c % >

t
E6D.^M%!=D14?C%!@ BgÅa04f\B"%!: 6D.-6/84,N:R'%-341ª%!6/O4%7,D.qsa:R?C3;@R: %`%7ÅªBg1;.-:\6t:\.3ªp6/3;.7:69:%¶a?"69Bg:,/%-3M'K346G%,D69:\%VBg:\.-`1M%-1+:6t!?C:1a1+p6/.-=N,9@Q6/84%%!6D6t?".-.;1ª''\pX,D04.+,N@ %!6t69,/69%-8;'K:A:=t1;:\%!6r12qs3M.+,/6D(.^Nd@Qp%!1;qs?C:AO40;q&BC%?"=96/8 :

6/84:\@^LG1;:F'%-17.!p¨'.-04,9=/:Nq>,/?g6/:FO4,D.-*-,9%!@Q=?"1^%!1+Å7O2,D.-*-,9%!@Q@R?"1;*RBC%!1;*+04%*-:N6984%6>'\%!1^84%!1434Bg:F34%!6/%Am2B":\=\
%`=98;.-%?",/ B 6&%-:;=/6s'\B"=D:N,D:\?CO;04!:\6/14=,934%69:\B;84,6/%.a6>%!.!,/%-BC=?g,D.+:G6/0482?C=´%1-.+6´6/:\O2=/,9::O4,/:,/%!@:6D6D?C:1;O43o*A%-,D%!=/6/Å;14?"'\=D3h0;6/:\BC:K%!@Q¶;,/:\Bg= ÅR'\0;%!046D3414:%-3^? ¶ O;q&;6D:B"?g? 3691a8;0ap.-.+¶ 0;,;6>69q&8;14?C:\:14=/:\3;:t37.O4q>p.-04= ,&,9+On':\.-.-6/=/'!@Q:\d<=O;?"%!x>B B"%!,/B"6D½:\?"%-6/.-8;3;1:\Å Å7:¶a,/:\?C=/Ìa6´0;%!?C,D14:N3Q?"=%-,D6D:.RpXq>,/:,/:\?g6/BgÅ :

!9->//1$'D&%7* 56->/ 1<*,
.I&,/:Kp 8;p.-:h%,9@Q©!*!«;?"%!¬¼6/:\6D10;?C1;6/*A'?gB".!? 696rBC%!Å04=9@Q(a =1 ;>:\%!=96/Bg04"'.@Qq>@A=F?C041;=F*6/.-.¼,73;@A.M0;=/B"?"6D@Q?CO;O;BgB"Åa:V?C1;.-*On:\6/,9:\%,96/@ ?g.+14+=FÅ .-6D1b:,/34@%!6/n%^:m26rqB":\:= :\1=/04')=/8b:-%-:\,9=<%%`Bt!':.!,/BC%!04*!@Q?C1;14*h= t698;%:VB"N34%%!BC0;6/:\% =
m2B":2de1ª%-14693h8;: 6/8;6r:q1h.V6/p.5.!B"'K.+.q&@R?"O21;0;*76D:F:K¶469%!8;@Q:<O;=D69B":\%!=t1432qs%!:R,937=/8;3;.:\q +?C8;%6/.?gq.+16/.76/%-(:<698;:A%`-:\,9%*-:G%!B"0;:A.p´%V*-?g-:\1ª'.!BC04@Q1ª?"1¼%
,* L )!B& )+4* 7nX² Z Z
+*1 L91KZ R + *±4¯ /7'& © 4°-¯;©-®4o° ) 12+8720² +

I%!4Bg:Fw4"!}%`q>(5=9',/?CO;6p.-,&%`!:,/%!*!?C1;* 698;:F%BC0;:\=?C1o'K.-B"04@Q1hQ.p}% mnBg:

N.!6/:!}6/84: )!B& G=/84.-0;BC3hn:F04=/:\3h? p}'K.-B"04@Q14=&%-,D:G6/%-40;BC%6/:\3}d p¨1;.!66/84:\1^.-1;:F=98;.-04B"3^,D:O;BC%!'K:G?"6+Å
!
,* L !B& )+0*+8² 7 Z Z+*24 LMR B&6+0* 1 L61 XZ(4 84+ *±4¯ /7'& 81=&48© 7 4;° %) 1 a(¯ & @1 '+a=² 7 +

I%-;Bg:<w2 4}%`q>(V=/'\,D?CO;6p.-,.+;6/%!?"14?"1;*Q698;:<=D69%!1432%!,9373;:\+?C%6/?g.+17.!p¨'.!BC04@Q1^R.!p%Rm2B":
=98;.-0;IBC.Y3h046rÅa=/:7On:F698;?C1^:702m1;,/=/? ¶6R =9',/?CO;6 6/. '.-@QO40;6/:76/84:^%`-:\,9%*!:V.!pN'K.-B"02@R1p.-04,R.pt%Mm2B":^14%-@R:\3 aLG0;6 14e= ªq:
©!«;
¬ 4°-¯;©-®4o° .r©!«;¬ 5'&%.X7>1

w-w
w
C >
:E=984%!Bg½*!:\6&%!=%A,/:\=90;B"6=/.-@R:\6/8;?C1;*QBg?C(:-i© 4°+¯a©-®4° ) o.
p -
.
, /
6 4
8 E
: `
% -
\
: 9
,
% -
* >
:
.
p
' !
. C
B 4
0 Q
@ 7
1 q>84:\,/:
6/84:EImn.Q,/=/'6&.-'K@Q.-BgO4.+0;@R6/:F1h1;?C=>.q'K.+69148;=D:<?C3;=D:69,D%!:143732%!%!=&,93h1a043;@A:\a2?":%!,F6D?".-81h9 .p¨6/84%!6>'K.!BC04@Q1 ;q:F=/8;.+0;BC3h6rÅ;On:

©!«;
¬ &ML o. 'B& ° %.r©!«;¬ 5-&%.X7>1

q>84%`8;-?C:')8 6/.<q&'K?"B.++O-*-Å ?g-6/:s8;?C:>1R%`,D-::\=/,9On%.-*!14:s=/:%=DBC.+0;@A:&:\.-6/;8;69?C%1;?C*G1;:\Bg?C3 (:pX,/.-@u1=&;B©698;7 :>4;° O4,/:a) ?".-04o=}. =9'J ,/J?"O46}?"t1+6D.-.E6D:698;6/:t82%'K6¨.+@Q?"1A@R6/84%-:143A%-26/84.-%!:s6=9'K'.-,/@Q?"O4O46 046Dq:\:=

6/84:<t=D69.-%!6D14:h346/%-84,/%!3^6 3;?g:\p>+qs?C%:^6/?g3;.+.Y1}I1;&.-6A8;?C3;=&?":Ka¶4?"34%!:h@Q%O;6B":F6/=/8;84:^.q>:\14=384..qp>6/6D84.5:5O2mn%!,9=9=D=6RO2%`%!q>,9%!(Y@R=9:'6/,/:\?CO;,9=s6 6/ .5I%-%Q;%`Bg:^q>(5w4"=/8 '\N,D?C+O;Å6\ 1;B }qs:h=/84%!Bg

.-46/%x?C1^2=D:?C=D@Q6tO;qBgÅh%`ÅV6/8;6/.R:<.+=904;@z6/%!?".1^p69:8;1+:<6/,/%`?g!:=:,/.%!p}*!'K:t.!%-BC0414@Q3^1h6/8;R:<?C=/146/=/%-6D14:34%!%!3^,937.p346/:8;a:\?"?"%!,>6D?"%`.--1h:\,9?"%=t*-04:!=D?C1;*V%!,9,9%`Åa=\
,*
©6M+L9¯ 12+=7n/ ² /O7 L ;©; )!B² & )*+4* 4©;²VX72²X[ L R + * 7n²XZ Z,+* 1KL91KZMR + *

41 LX4L9©;1 ² Z-V04/ [24+©

±4+ ¯ /O7'& © 4°+¯;©-®;°o) © 1=&4©87 4;° 1 a¯(& @1 '+872² +

I%!4Bg:<w2 w2¨xt!:,/%!*!:E%!143ª+6/%-1434%-,/3hkN:\a?"%!6D?".-1^%`q>(5=/'\,D?CO;6
&
I ;
8 : 4
1 K
: ;
¶ t
6
: ;
¶ -
% Q
@ ;
O g
B
: >
= 9
6 !
%
(
: t
= -
% >
= C
? 4
1 4
O ;
0 G
6 V
% 2
m "
B : &
q "
? /
6
8 `
V
j K
' -
. "
B 2
0 R
@ 2
1 = 76D.M\ 9>dr6t698;:\1M'\,D:%6/:\=t%-=>.+0;6/O4046
=?C9jV1h04'@69.!8;BC04.:Fp@Q.-'K,/14.!?"=*!BC04½?C14@Aq>%8;4B:=m2,DB"w : 8: 96/8;;: v rmnH,/;=/{ 6N '!.-G1+%!6/14%!3¼?"12=t 'K9.-\B" 02a@R,D:1¼=/On1;:\.2'<6D?"A!:.B"pÅ 69 8; : .+,DA?"*!'?C.-14,9%,DBP:m2=/OnBg: .-12%!3V146D3ª.Q'6/.!84BC:G04@Q698414,/= ::G56B"D%-.h=D6j7'K.-%!B",/04:<@Q6/8414:=
,* L !B& )+0*+² L R Z R Z R 3 +*a² L R ZMR Z R 0+0*B4 L R ZMR J Z R 0)+ !
*24 XL R ZMR Z R +*±4¯9/O7(& R 6 )!B& ² 6 )!B& ² )!B& 46 )!B& 4
+ *0+

I %!;B":Fw4 2}x '046>%!143Ô4%!=/6D:<'.!BC04@Q14=&%`q>(5=9',/?"O46

I&8;:F04=/:F.p6/8;?C=>=9',/?"O;6&'\%!1o2:<%-=p.!B"g.q>=\
©!«;¬
1:5B;©o.e©!«;¬ B7-7 . &;¯ .B5'&6 /²+°
I&8;:F.+,D?"*!?C14%Bm2B":F8;:\,/:F?C= B7-7 %.X&;¯R%!143^698;:F.-0;69O40;6&?C=q>,D?"6D6/:\1^?C1-6/.5%Am2Bg:<'\%B"g:3"B5 /!²-°n

<; /1$'
I.-&148;Bg:EÅ<®;698;¯;.-°=/±7:'Bg.-?C1;@Q:=@QpX%!,D.+14@3h?C6/1^8;:021;.+?,D¶^?"*!%?C14B"g%.B+q>m2=B":046/=846/%!G. 6'Km2.+B"1-6D69:\%e, ?CQ1 %A%Gm2*!Bg?":-!:1 Y'):F84%-'\%!,/%-1^'K6/':\,/,:\%=D6/::FÌ+04%R:\1414:'q:!|mn2Bg.-:E,¨q>:¶48;%!?C')@Q8oO;'KB".-:12=D.+?C0;=D696/=O404.6p
6/?C1,9%!6/'84:\=}:^?C341G%!7>6/%M1F@R'.-%`14ÅQ':\'K,9.+1;1+?C6/1;%*¼?C1Q69'%OB"26rO4Å;%-On'):\(=:\6/O4=A%!')6/84(!:%!6/6 =q6/84:\%!1+6´6 *!pX.F,/.-69@ 84,/.-1;0;.;*+3;8V:^%MB"26/B".Y? 141;(a.;=s3;%!: 143V; q:td pt@QB"? %`1;ÅQ:=A2:>'.-?C1+146D'::\,D,9:1;=D?C6/1;:\*¼3Q=9.-0414')Bg8Å
:-:\1+6/=&'.-1+6/%!?"1h6/84:<=D69,D?C1;* J & %`± Q698;:\1o%!Bgq:F84%`!:E6D.V3;.Q?C=&6rÅ;O2:
®;¯;°± J & %± &;¯ .X&;¯ . &a¯ o. &;¯
M
M
,
+w j
q>%B"8;:B"?,D1;:%:=&69.,-p6/69,\,!&6/?C=,6/698;84:%6>.+,Dn?"*!:*-?C14?"1^%B+q&6/,9?"%!6/8^':s6/%-8;14:F3[B":!6/6/6D, :;,>6/, ,e;&q?"=¨:F69=/8;84:.-0;1;BC:37q6rmnÅ;BgOn:-: d pqs:q&?"=98<6/.N.+;6/%!?"1A%>mnBg:'K.+1-69%?C1;?C1;*
®;¯;°± `¯ &;¯.X&;¯. &a¯ o. &;¯
=98;.-0;d p>BC3hq6r:5ÅaOnq&: ?"=986/.Y@Q%!(!:7%om2B":7.!pt%B"s698;:7B"? 14:\=A6/84%!6An:*!?C1q&?"6/8 -= ¼%!14384%`-:5BC%6D:[, !6/'O\ !B^q:

®;¯;°± 21 1'/;2±2²+o° . &;
¯ 5®;¯a°!± @& %`± J J . &a¯ o. &;¯

!9->//1$'D&%7* 56->/ 1<*,
~Ó4,/·s.;>'K:\Æ=9=/=/?"1;6/%-*h14.34ps=NxEp.-4l, sdD~dG,/34%-%'K696/%V?"'\%m2BB":\·´=G¶;?C6/1Y,9%!02'K1;6/??g¶.+1M<I&%!128;3M?C=G>B"%-:1;O2*-.+02,D%6G*!Æ:A%-q1;*-%-04=N%!'\*!,DO::4%G~6/:\}3M:\+,/BÅª Æ}%-%!,/Bg,/".Å q> =>%!:Bg%!¨=/Åoq&?"m26/8YB"6D:\6/,/8;?C1;:Q*h@Q%-%14?C13

?CO43;04:\,9%NOn..-p½04=D=/?C:E@QB"%-O;1;Bg? *-pÅ<04%!69*!8;:E:6/%!%!14=93^(E.+.1;p:E=DÅ;.=/p6D:\69@8;:<%-@R34@R.-=/?"6>14?"04=/=/6/:\,93h%6/6D?g.+.a1.!BC~=}p.-:,D,Baq84:\%-o=:\%!!1h.-Bgde-1+:\6D3<:,/%N1;:\Bg.-6>6}34%!%14693A%Q1;@R.%-q14%-%34*-%`?"Å;14=P*2?C=¨%t*-:\1;:,/%!B
:K¶;69,/~}%-:\'K,/6DBt?".-?C1^=o%!% 123h?C1+,/6D:\:On,/O4.-,/,/:66/´:\+3.+@ABC%!:<14*-%-043;%!*!%!:M1+6/q>%!*!8;:.=´84.!%-p¨=h04=/@Q?C1;%!*Q1+Å~}:\04,/B½=/:\%-= ,DN:- 4046^?C=o@Q%?C1;BgÅ%-3434,/:\=/:\36/.698;:=D:%!,9')8
F ·s%!=/?"BgÅ ?"@QO;B":\@R:1-69%6/?g.+1.pt=9@Q%B"O4,/.!*+,/%-@Q=F6D.b2:^04=/:\3 %-=Fm2B"6D:,/= }p.+,<:K¶;69,/%-'K6D?C1;*Y?"1ap.+,/@Q%!6D?".-1
pX,D.+@6D:¶a6mnBg:=
F dr6'\%!1on:<04=D:37?C1o@Q%!1+Å^LFa=q&?"6/8;.+0;6>')84%-1;*!?C1;*Q6/8;:F'.a34:!
F M%?C1+6/%?C1;?C1;*E%!143R3;:\20;*!*-?"1;*E.!pn~}:\,/B;=/'\,D?CO;69=}%!,/:@R.-,/:&=D?C@QO;B":6984%!1QO4,/.!*+,/%-@Q=?C1 .-6/8;:,}=/On:\'? mÌ+04:
B"%-1;*-04%!*!:=
F ~}:\,/B?C=!:,DÅhO2.+O40;BC%!, 4=D.Q6/84:\,/:G:¶;?"=/6>%RBg.-6.!p¨=9',/?CO;6/=*+1+0h.-1h6/84:Fqs:
:<O4,D:=D:1+6s?C1^6/8;?C=N+:'K6D?".-1o=/.-@R:F04=/:KpX0;BOn:\,/BP=9',/?"O;69=
&
I ;
8 }
:
m /
, /
=
6
: ;
¶ -
% Q
@ ;
O g
B ´
: !
* "
? !
\
: E
1 C
? 1
I !
% 4
g
B ´
: 2
w >
j K
' -
. Q
@ 4
O 4
0 D
6 \
:
= ;
3 ;
Å 4
1 -
% A
@ C
?
' !
% g
B " G
Å /
6 ;
8 s
: /
6 4
8 /
, -
. ;
0 +
* 4
8 4
O ;
0
6
. 4
p t
I s
Y
~
' -
. 4
1 4
1 \
: K
' /
6 g
? +
. 4
1
I&xt8;=<:R?"14O4O2,D0;.-6F*-,9?g%!6F@i69%!%`(!!:\:=G,/6/%!84*!,/:\:=:5698;%-:R,D*+6/0484@R,/.-:\0;1+*+6/=\84GO40;6/8;6N:5.!14:%-,>@RO2:V:,D.?"p.;34%^=G69,/3;%-:K'Kmn:R14:\m23¼B": + Åª:! %7*2Q.O2%!+,90;%!6@R6/@, : 6/:\,t6/8;'\:5%B"1;g:.;3 3;:5*+%!,/6E%-1+q>048;B"%-?"'),D8Y?"6r'Å q4:\
=
q&?C=/8^6D.V')8;:')(V6/84:F6/84,/.-0;*+84O40;6.!pÏts~ 4%-1437698;:F*-,9%!1a0;BC%!,/?"6rÅ!
w!v
C >
& +±2°o)V±2°-¯4² &($4¯6B5a®($a±-5'& . ±n² - &;¯;©%°' /!²+°6. - ¯;° 25</`¯;°(4 724;°6. - ; ® ¯;©87n²+©+¯ /O&. . /!²-°
R6/O76 /!²+° LMR V J [
RB&87(4;° LMR V [
R!®;¯a©B7-n5 ²+©-¯ /:& MLMR V [
«2H°
®;%¯aO2;©B±-7-5'n5 4&²+©-° ¯ $ /:!& « ½;±2©+©B7¯;©:; H°2-4& ;&°+°6¯ 1 /«27 °+¯;1!°° %&;B7¯;©8497>1 1@;/:&(&4°(4 4B54¯ /O7;® & /;½° /O7'4& °-¯ 4©;² 1±2°%'/(9/°(4
R 1:58; L J
-² ¬
R% % ML J
!±2°B 7 4 /° ©B 7- R6,&/O7!9±4/!°B²+7S° R6/O7 /²+°QR 1

«-$>/!²+° - PY L. 1`±n* ² /:&

/*(%a²8<5BR;6P7 V [ /(R1%!²&>/%;½¬ ° - L R!®;¯;©B7(5n²+©+¯ /O&

/*(%:$4° <R%P>¬ /OV 7aJ ®[°/( &(/$2¯ °° 4B° 7-&2%+¯a¯;° 1`± B7 461 &©¯a°%!°!±'& / B7

/*(%:$4° <R%P>¬ /OV 7a®[°/( &(RB$2&°B74;26°4;°1=& /O722© &>/(B7

%-¯a¯;6° 1`± B7 491 & 81=&Ã©+¯+®(5B;°B7'&

/(%:$4° <R%P>¬ /OV M7a®[°/( &(,$2& °%`± ±2© %¬;2° & & +±2° /(1

*
+
R 1O5B; L R 1O5B; Z RP V 3 [
+
+
;°+* ² 1° RB&2$4¯6B5;®2$a±-5'&MLMR 1:5B;<+XR!®a¯a©B7(5n²!©+¯ /&
±4R9¯%!²/O7'&%M¬ LMR%-² %`M¬ Z RR!P®;¯+V B© [Y7(52RB²+&(©-$4¯ 0¯ /B& 5;(® $a(± 5'&!87

R 1O5B; L J

+
+
B±4&($4¯9¯0/O7'B5;& ®($a±(5'&ML R 1O5B R;>P+ RV ®; [Y¯a©8RB7-&(52$4²+¯0©!B¯ 5;/:®(& $a±(5'&!87
R
R%!²%¬MLMR%-²%`¬MZ R!®;¯+©B7(25 ²+©-¯ /&
R 1O5B; L J
°XP>/O& %- ²J 6!1 °

I%!;B":<w4j;¨~}:,DBO4,/.!*+,/%-@Êp.+,>'K.+@QO40;6D?C1;*Q6/84:F6/84,/.-0;*+84O40;6
M
M

wa

56* *1$' 1 *!, )$"%B%53*
/=&GÅa1a=/046D&G:O;@Q1aB".!04=6hO;B"?".!=o6&%84%-q&=&?C%V3;:8;B"Å:BCOh%`'%.-?"@QB %-@Q;B"%!:ª14pX3^,D:\69:Y84%=/6&.p'6r%-q1o%!,/2:M:<204.-=/6/:\83h6Dp.-.V,^B":\04%-1;,/?g1^¶ 3;Bg:\?C1a6/%0a?"¶BC=%!.=hp?"qs6/=>:\Bg.-EOn%!:\=h,9%q&6D?"?".-121P3;.q>=5.+O2:,/%!6D?C1;*

q>B"? 1;,/:F?g6/I&:E.!8;p%-:73;=s?%=/pX½?C1>@R:\´,/O4:\84Bg1+%!:6>==D6<=D6r6rqqÅa.RB"%`:\Å¼=&'.!6/+BC.¼04Å5@Q04q>=/14,/:5=&?g6/*-?",/14:\1a*5O404,/O4'K:\Bg.-=/.-@Q:\6<1+@Q6D?"=?C1;%!6D12*A.M346/=8;6rÅ;:GBg?COn(¶h: :-%--14O;37Bg.-Å76`%!B"04:\= .p¨ O2.-q>?"1+846/:\=\,/¨~:5}6/.!8;?C:51+6/m2=Bg: '%- 1hq>8;n.+:=De:5.!?C121;%!:\@R3^:5+Å5q%:
±n² B& 27 h«u² /O726° 1

.- 3414'? :E½:\@Q,/:\%`1+Å76&021a=D04:<@ 3;n%? ½:\:\,9,/=:\'1+%!61h6rÅa2On:E:F*-.?g-p}:\On1V.!?C?C141-=/696D=&:\+%-Å537q>.!p ,D?"46DO?C1;'*56/'84.-%!@Q6@QO2%!,D.;14343404='.!:!p}369;8;%? :E:p.-,D:,91+@ 6B"?C1;:G=/6rÅaBg:= 9x>B"6D:,/14%!6D?"!:\BgÅ

±n² B& 27 h«Ã± 9/O7'& 1

%!*-%!?"1 G=D:\!:,/%!BN6rÅ;On:\=o.pRO2.-?"1+6/=ª'\%!1Ã2:3;:O;?"'6D:3Ã3;:O2:143;?C1;*.-16/8;:1a04@ n:\,^6984%6ª%!O2O2:%!,9=h%p6D:\,
!On.!?C1+6/=e'9
+.+@A:E.-6/8;:,p:\%6904,/:\=.p¨*-1a04O4Bg.-6}'K.+14=D?C3;:,´p.+,&:K¶4%-@RO4Bg:E6/84:Ep.!B"g.q&?C1;*Q'K.-@Q@Q%!1234=
1!2° &1'/;° J . J .
1!2° &± 6/O7'& 1'/;°
1!°2&¬4° J J

1!2° &QP;¯aB© 7;®4° V J . J ) J . J [

±n² B& 27 7«u6² /O726° 1, B7 7«Ê² /O726° 1 27 7<« /:&($± 6/O7'& 1

F Æ?C1;:QGq&?"B O4,/.a3204'K:F%V=9@R%!Bg":\,=/?gf\:<'04,/!:G6/82%6&6/84:<3;:KpX%-0;Bg6\
F Æ?C1;: Vq&?"B O4,/.;3404'K:RO2.-?"1+69=>6/82%6N%-,D: B"%-,D*-:\,&6984%!1ª698;:A34:KpX%!04Bg69= de1Mn.!6/8MBg?C1;:\= .!6/84:\,G1+02@ n:\,9=
'%!1^n:<04=D:>3 /
F Æ?C1;:EQ,/:\=/6/,/?C'K6/=698;:<,9%!1;*-:N.!p698;:E¶h%¶;?C=6D.V698;:F?"1+6/:\,/`%!BP{! 9 4
F Æ?C1;:AjQ=904O2:,D?C@QO2.+=D:=>6984,D:\: '02,D-:\=&?C1ª%5=/?"1;*-Bg:Emn*-04,/: n.-;69%?C1;:\3^pX,/.-@ 6/84,/::A3;'? ½:\,/:\1+6&mnBg:=spX1
pX1 apX14w2
F Æ?C1;:NwA6D:\BgC=´*+1a04O;B".!6q>8;:\,/:t:¶;%-'K6/BgÅQ6D.RO40;66/8;
3.-;,t:\=9On'.!,/?"?C41+?"6N1;6r*^Å;6/On84:A:Q69O484Bg%.-6G6D6D?C:=G3 02=D.-:a3eEd:'Ke6/14=\=D6/:\de%-1b3MO4.%-p,D6/%!?"'\1ª0;:BC%!¶;: , %-'K(?g6G:\6EÅ O2*! .-A+?"!?"6/=/:8;6D=N?":G.-p1B".-%!,E6D6/.+:\:\1;%-,:A')?"8¼=s'.-6/O;0;84B".!BC:N3¼6/B"6D:02:*-3¼=D:\:A14.+6/3ha8;e:VO4:\%!'(6G,/:\6´Åa69?C8;qs15:V.+69,/B"8;?341;:t= :Qmn B"6r*-:KÅ;04pOn6 ,/::
,/?g*+8+ 6
6/.-
O
n.!6/6D.+ @ .-0;69=D?C3; : n%!143 2:\Bg.q 4:! *2
12° &¬4° H2°;² «

q>8;?C')8b=D:\6/=<698;:5(:\ÅYn:B".q698;:5*+,/%-O4>8 .-,F=/?C@RO4BgÅ !=/:6<1;.+(:\-Å ^q>8;?C')8b3;?C=/%-;Bg:=F6/84:7(:\ÅY'K.+@

O;'K.-Bg:\,96D,/:\:\Bg=9Å-O2.+14t3;.!?C1;6/:h*769mn84Bg:7%6R126/%!84@R:o:!34^d:KpX%!p&04qsBg6Q:V14q&%!?C@R=/8b:^6/..ªpt*!:?"%!!'):58%-.+1Ya.+e:\a'e6A:\'696 84%%o6Q6D%!?"6DO2B":5O2:.-%!6/,98;= :,F?C16/8469%-8;1b:ª(6/8;:Åb:5m2?C=QBg:h=D?C14@Q%!O;@RBgÅ:Vq?"6/:=
84%`!:G6D.Q:K¶4O;B"?C'K?"6&6/8;?C=&?C1h698;: !O4Bg.-6 Q'K.+@R@Q%-143 ap.-,:¶4%!@QO;B":!
±2² 2& 27 "& ° P+±2° %=&;2© &>/ B7 o«u6² /O726° 1, B7 & 4©+¯ /8© 7%!° o«u6² /726° 1

G :\,/: ;698;:<14%-@A:* = :¶;On:\'6/%!6D?".-1 R%!143 !`%-,D?C%!12'K: q&?gB"%-O4O2:%!,?C1^6/8;:<(!:Å!

d84pP%`6/a84?C1;:N*Q=9%!6/@R8;:F:t14=/%-:\Ìa@A0;: :\12!'K*2:>-.!'p.-'G@ .-@Qa@Q%!14%!3^143269=´8;:\%!1o,/:&=/6D?"@Q.RO;2B":GÅ704B"=/.-:\%-3V35=/6/:84!:E:,/m2%!BgB4:F6D:?C@R%!'):\8h= -6D.+?C@R1;:t:F'\.-%!1;1Q:Eq>q&,/?C?g=/6/8;:t:6/=846D:\.5@ 04?"=/1+:E6/.?g6\%Em2B": a=/%`Å
w!H
C >
²a©24 e®. %O;

*-1a04O4Bg.-6'\%!1^2:<02=D:3h6/.Q:K¶;6/,9%!'6=/.-@R:F'K.-B"02@R1hpX,/.-@ %Q@A0;Bg6/?"'.!BC04@Q1hm2Bg:-I&8;?C=&?"=&34.-1;:<%-=p.!B"g.q>=
±n² B& B52252°B52°B52°o°Y.X&;. &;¯ ¯ CG5>5>1-1'/O7;/O7;®® ) 3 ) <&R 6+ K±2 ©J J%¬;J °2& & 1 M «¬XH -²6&4/O74°6°611 M«Ê²6/72°61, !

q>+Å¼8;?C')!8V!@RR:\%!%!=1269=´8;O;:<B".!Å^6/6D%?C¶;1;?"*<= 4mn%!,912=/6´3h%<698;':\021ª,D-O4:>Bg.-046D=D6D?C?C1;1;* *V'.+.!1hBC0469@Q8;:<1o=9>%!.@RpP:<698;':&04,/m2!B":Es: 69-8;Ìa:<0;:\'K0;.-:-B"0469@Q,@-1ª%!=jA69p8;.-:>,¶V698;%:<¶;Å^?C=´%%-¶;14?"3Q=&02 =D3;?C1;?"a*V?"3;6/:843 :

=9%!@R:F'K.!BC04@Q1 Gp.-,6/84:E¶h%¶;?C=t.-6D:-}6/8;?C=&.-,93;:,n:6rq::1 !04=/?"142* '!6 Q%!143 !Bg?C1;:\e= A?"=&?C@QO2.+,D69%!1+6

56* *1$' 1 *!,U!?B%,
.,+*+% ,/B%-7O48h/`?"2® =&54%Q¯;°QO;B"%!.!126/6D3M?C1;6/*584:\0;1 6D?";B ?g6r©-Åh¬4°76/84q>%!6&8;:\?"1Y=&O4%,/6G.a6/8;?"34:Q:\3;3^?C,D-:Åh'K6D14.+=,DÅ^ ¶;+*-.-,9@R%!:\O26D8?C@AFx:>=&BC=D?".6>½1;=/:.-:@R34=&:\6D=D?C:@AO4:%!=G,9%6/6/8;:G?C=E'.-3;@Q.a:\O;=E?"Bg?C1;1;.!*V6G04q=/.-?"14,9*(

q&?C14?"=D6/698V%B"69g8;:35:&¶;=/:\*-O4,9%!%-O4,/%!8R6D:69B"84Å %/6´%-t,/.-,/?"6D!:>:\69=¨84q&%?"66/85?g66/%8;B":>g.q>q>84=.!6DB".A:t'\14,D=´:%=/?C6/1;:t*!O2B":t.+=DO469%-=/'\')(,D?C%!O;*!6 : +!I%!*-14? 3Qpm2?"6sB":\'\= %!a1R%!146/843V:\.-156/n8;::t,/3;= a.q>-ÅQ1;B"'K.-B"%-?C')3;(-:\?C3Q1;*<%-14.+31
6/3;84?C=/:O4nB"%`.!Å76/6D%.+pT1 6D: ,G 6/348;'\:FO-:'Å 1423^dr.6}p'69%-8;1 :<n=/?":@A?C1+0;!B"%!.;6D'K?":.-3F1 q&?"6/8;?C1R6/8;:6/'B;'K.-@Q@Q%!123 q>8;?C')8<698a04=},D:=/04Bg69=?C1R%!1<?C@Q@R:\3;?C%6/:
O4%!?",&xt+.+On=´@A:\?",/12:EBO4Bg.+0;?C1;O;6 :-6D+?"|6/.-84214:>.+=,¶;?C1h*-:K,9¶4¶;%!%!*-O4@Q,98Q%!O;O4'B".-:8h@QM%!Pa@Q,/®;:!¯;%! ©14-±3Q$:¶;On :\' 6/R=´.-q&1;?":>Bg.+O4,,D?C@R1+6&.-,/.-:>1h%!6/=98;'K?":<4=9m2%!B":\@R=s:G'K.+m21-*+6904%,D?C:E1;?C691;8;*F:E:\m2%-B"'):\8=pe <%!12A3534%!p 46/%<On.!?C1+6

F I?g6/Bg:-04=D: B& @&>/:&2²-° !

F +?gf\:! *!:.+@R:6/,/Å P 1'/;I ° P 1-/;°n
F I?g6/Bg:Rp.-,F%¶;?"=\
6/8;:FÅ7%¶;?"=@/ P 6P-&>/:&2²-° p.+,E6/8;:Q6D?"6DB":V.p6/8;:Q¶ %¶;?"@= >%!143 -&>/O&2²+° p.-,E698;:Q6D?"6DB":V.p
F s.!B".-,.p6D:K¶;6>%-143^*-,/?"3¨q&?"6/8^6/84:EÄn%* ½
xt1^:¶;%-@QO;Bg:E.!p¨%Q'K.+@Q@R%-143hqs.+0;B"3^n:
Pa®;¯a©!-± $ ,!®40° :;2° &;¯
J J P J J B& 6 61-1 ¯a2© &46° 1 P @& /;½° 6 1=&±2© %¬4B° & 1

*! *!13$' 13$ K) 2 7*!16)$ 1<*,%13$ 4*>5C/9 13BU*

dr=/6t.Q?C%-=G=O26D.+.V=/=/=/?"6/4%!Bg,/:<66/6/.78;:<?C1+O26D,D:.;*+'K,/:%!=/6D=/: ?C1;02*A1;? .!¶Mp¨'32.-%@Q6/%R@Qq>%!8;14?"34B :G=Nq>=/02,/')?"6D8M?C1;%!*Qs= 6/8;*-:E,/:\m26O B"V:!}|%!n14.-3 ,-:%`¶;q>%-@Q(( VO;Bg%!:FB",/xN:\%-1;3;.!Å^698;?":\1+,&6D.7q6/%`8;ÅV:A6D.Q6/'KB"B}? @R=9'?",/6>?"O46/6/84= :

6/'K,9.+%!@Q'?"@R14*h%-14mn34Bg=&:= ,/: BC.+%,E6/:\?"3h1 6D*!.R:1;m2:\B":<,9%O4B P,D.;6/'.M:\=9O4=D,D?C.;1;'*R:\=9q&=E?g696/8;8;?":1o@ 698;.-:F14Bg6/?C'1;BP:V'K.+q>@R8;?"@QBg:V%-14698;3^:Å6/84%!%!,/6&:V.-2On:\:\?"141;=*ª698;q>:<,/?",D6D:6DÌa:1>0;?"t,/:\?C=F376Dm2.ªB":!04=/:VB"? 1a0a¶
6/84:<|22.+:\,F*!?C:K14¶41;%-?C@R1;*VO4Bg.: p6/q8;:7:<=9@Q',/%`?"ÅYO46,/:\:O;¶BC!%!'6/:V'KB 26/8;=/::^:F'KI.+%!@R;@QB": %-;14 3 R'+1!Å52° &6/8; :</!'²+.-° @Q @QV %!!14±23 B° 7,B5-&%. &;¯ « [ 6/84%!6<qs:h84%!3b?C1
1!2° & /²+° V!±28° 7 5®a¯;°!2± ! @& %± ! .B5'&%. &a¯ ¼« [
6/I&848;:F?C=qsq&.+,/?"Bg3 ,D:6/=/'\04O Bg46}?C1Rm2B"6D:\,/?C1;*F6/8;:tBg?C1;:\=´q>,D?"6D6/:\1Q6/.<6/8;:>m2Bgs: .-046 6/e, G%-143QB":\%à?"14*G.+1;B"Å 6/84.-=/:>6/84%!6´'K.+1+6/%?C1

Jt t

t.I ps%!~ ,/.- 0412

3M{!&%
.ps698;:R
de1-6/ :\,9
1;:"6E!#$69,/ P%V?C='6/P8;:%!146/,93Y%!1204=/14On3;.-:,/,/6=/6/O4%-,/14.!3;6/.;?C1;'K*o.!BaIt6984s%~Ã6¨?C?C==E,/6/:\8a=904On=F.-14'\=/,/?"044'Bg?":s%!pB.-p,.+6/,E843;:s?"69@R,/%-:1414=D=/?"@R.-12?C=/1;=/?"?"14.-1*
6/84':V)(de1-
*+6/:\(,,9.1;- :6\0Rx/12t3Bg(#69(,8;
*.-12004/4*-8 It #s57~Ë68$?C=F
!#%( BCG,/:\?"=F%!3469Å^8;:7BC%!@Q,/*!%:\?CBg1ÅM=/346/:\%!O;12B"34.%!Å!,9:3;3 ?"f?C?g1;6<*o'.-.-1+,/6D*-?C%!1a140;?g:\f=G%6D6/?".^.-1Y:1+6/!82.!%B"6<!:-?C=<AI'K&.+8;14:Q'K:dr,/·12I=F| q&?g698
It%!12s3h~}%`½N%?"1;BC%!B"?C;(B":Q:E=D.-.+1 @A Bg:A?C1;.!:-698;:\,G=D69%!1434?gf%6D?".-1¼.-,/*-%-1;?gf%6/?g.+14= deI
.+,Nx}I p.-,904@ P%B"}=D69%!1432%!,934=t%-,D: pX,D:\:
O4,/:\=/de:\11+6&698;=D:h:\!mn:,/,/=/%!6QB½12=D:=&'K=/6D'\?".-,D?C1O;6/qs=:o69843;%:\6&=9'?"B,/"?C042=/:^6/,96/%8;6/:^:E6/.-8;On:<:\,9%-%146/%?g.+B"Å;1=D?C.=pG.Itp¨sIt~}sI~ &698;84:,/1.-0;?C*+1 8h69=/8;?":o@A0;=/04BC%26D=D?":.-Ì+1204=:\1+6R')82%!O;6/:\,9=<q:
U
->/9 13BU*13)$( Y=:9
; <
=
Its~84%!=&=/:-:\,9%B½.-;e:\'K6/?g-:\=\

F xt34%-O;6&6/8;:F69,/%-14=9@A?C=9=D?".-1h,/%!6D:E.pÖ4%!')(!:6/=6/.Q6/8;:<%`%?"BC%!;B":G2%!143;q&?C3;698
F x>!.-?"3^'K.+1;*!:=D6/?g.+17%!6&6/8;:<1;:\6rqs.+,/(
F ,D:%6D:E%Q,D:\Bg?C%!4Bg:F'K.+141;:'K6D?".-1^+Åh,/:69,/%-14=/@R?"6D6/?"1;*QB".-=/6&O4%!')(!:6/=\
.+,<de@R1<.-.+,/,/:534:\O4,,/:\6D.F'K?C'K=/:.+B"1-Å 69P,Dp.-.+B-,F698;q>:8;6/?C,9')%!8 14=96/8;@R:7?"=9=/=/.-?g.+021<,/',/:Q%!6D82: %!=<6/8;1;:&.-1a6<04.-@ 4n6/%:\?C,1;.!:pn3YO469%!8;'):5(!:?C691a=p.-69,984@Q%6¨%6/84?g%`.+-1Y:.!1;p.-6*-.aÅ-.a:6¨3b2,/:\:\:\'1R:\O;,D6/:?g'K.+:\1>?g->:\?"3 =

6/.n84p´.-:<04O214%!It34')s(:\:\~376/=t+'KÅ5.;6/843;%A%!:!6NsIO4%!&?"6N,98;%!84?"@R=t%-:3ª@A6/:\6/:,s,9%!%!14'12%==/B"@R69:\8437?"%6D6D6&%A:693¼'K8;.+:%-1;14*!=/3ª.-:04=D6/6/,982?g'K.+%:G1Q6N?Cq&=&82%`?".-14!;34: B"?.*!1;qF:\.-3^6G 6/n.R::E:q3; 1 %:\?"!1;6>%-.-%!')6D(a12:G1;3^?g.6=/q&+6D.+BgÅ7:O^3;Ç *!6/,9:;%!3 414V0;=9@R,/6:\?g?"%!6=9')=D?"84?"=.-:\12'\=t%=sÇ B"69g:8;Gd3?:<e>*1a1ª@ 04.-@ ,9
Qn3;:\?C:1 ,,
6D84.ª%-=&%-')%R(+=/14:\.Ìaq&0;Bg::143;'K*!:F:R1aO404%!@A')(!2::6/,=E%-143¼698a04=E6D.ªn:Q%-;B":R6/.ª,D:\6/,9%!14=9@R?g6EB".-=/6GO4%-')(:\6/= P:\%-')8M6/,9%!12=/@R?"6D6D:3YO2%!')(:\6
; A B

I&8;:F.+ae:\'6D?"!:\=.!p¨xN')(+14.q&Bg:3;*!:@A:1+6/= xt <=@%!,/:!

F >:*+0;B"%!6D:>698;:t69,/%-14=9@A?C=9=D?".-1V,9%6/:>.pIts~ +:\14=904,/?"14*<6/84%!6sO4%-')(:\6/=´'\%!1Vn:t69,/%-14=/@R?"6D6/:\3V.+1;BgÅQq>8;:1

.!6/84:\,&84%`-:NB":Kp6&698;:<1;:6rq.-,9(
w-{
- M
9 I ,
F >,D:\:\6/14,9%!3414:\=9,N@R6/8;?g6:VO4'K%!.+')14(!1;:69:='K6D6/?"84.-%!1Y6>,D84:\Bg%`?C!%!:E4Bg1;:R.!-6>Åª,/:\69%-,/')%-8;14:\=937@A6/?"6D8;6/:<?"1434*h:\=/6/6D.h?C1469%8;6/:R?g.+=/1.-02,/': ?C1ap.-,9@Q%6D?".-1¼?g6E1;:\:\34=E=/.^%-=t6/.
G .qË3;.a:\=698;:<3;:\=/6D?C14%!6D?".-1^(+14.q6/82%6>%QO4%!')(!:6?C=&@A?C=9=D?C1;*
G .qË3;.Qqs:F(a1;.qÃ6/84%!6>%RO2%!')(:\6?"=B".-=/6
84%!6?C1ap.+,/@Q%6/?g.+1h34.+:=&6/84:<xt '%-,/,/Å5%B".-14*

?".-Bg,9C043;=/:I&6/, ,98;9%:¼6D :xt3b8; -:\Å1o6/O46/84:%-B":V')=7(p:.!6/6&B"8;g.vV: q&%-=D?C,/.+1;,/04*o?g-,/':\:K:ª¶4= a%-q>6/@R8;84O4:<%Bg67:-3;ª:?"=D=76/a?"026/128;O4%: O26D?".+.-=D=D:1o:5Ì+=/04O2:\:\%!1414')32'(=>:M:\6/%!1+=V1^02 @xt n g:\",5 vo6/.!.5p<84=/%`6/%`8;!ÅV:5:Y?",/O46>:\%!:%-')¶;')(!8;On::\:\6V3Y'6/?"67=>6/8;O2:K:h¶4%!')On3;(:\:\:\=/'6&6D6/?C=\1+14uI02%6/@ &?g.+n8;1 :\?"=7,t ?Ca?"1 =

d%!p,9,/O4?g%!-'):\(!=N:qs6N:\RBg %-Ax,/,/?g6E-:\6/= 82;%6/6E8;:A6D?C@R3;:\: =/P6D?C69148;%:V6/?g3;.+:\1o=/6D,D?C:14Ì+%046/:\?g.+=/6/1Y=&=/69:\8;12: 341a=F04%!@ 1Ynxt:\,t H4z>'a%!04BgO4":\On3 .-=/!: ,/:\O4On%-:\')%!(6D::\6&3YHVxt?C=& B".-7=/6>%-%!=E14?g3ª6EO26D:\%!Bg')C(=E:\6/6&84{:

=/'.-%-04,/,/,9?"'K:\:F3769+84Åh%6N6/8;?g6G:F%Ò4q,/:%!a?g69?".-=>04O4=&%!xt')(! :6>VH2>I&8;: ?C1ap.-,9@Q%6/?g.+1^'\%!,9,D?":\3o+Åo6/8;:Axt ?C=N6/8a04=>698;:A=9%!@R: %-=>698;:<.-14:

6/=982%`Å+%?C6I&1;6/8;*Y8;?C=A:E?g6Vxt@R%` :\q6/u%8;?".;6/=/=R3%`ÅaO4?C?C=Q%!1;')*<'(!%69:B"846A:\%3v 66/6/8;?C84@Q:E:oO;3;=/B":?.-=D'6/02?g?"6Q,/14'%!xt:h6D ?"(a.-1;1V.4qq>Yd%=R?"r6/66/=´84?Cp%!=A.-6A,,/.-69O48;4%-:ª02')=D(3;6R::\604=/6Dj14?Ca143;?C:%!=´,6D?"B".-.-B".-1=/=96=D82: %!=<=Q.!8;,Dpt::15xt'K:\6/ ?g84-<:G:\3=1;Yd:O4¶;e%-614')3;(xt::\ :6Q3 uj´´%-%-=D,/=/.,/=9?g04-6/@R:\84= ::

?C1ap.-,9@Q%6D?".-1^=/:\1+6&-Åh6/8;:FB".-=/6&xt Ê?C=>3;:3404'K:35pX,/.-@z6/8;:<14:K¶;6&xt V
xIts~O4%!')(!:6?"=t'K.-12=D?C3;:\,/:\37Bg.+=D6&?gp

F I&84,D:\:F,D:O2:%6D:3hxt <=p.+,6/8;:<=9%!@R:FO4%-')(:69=%!,9,D?"!:E%66/84:<=D.+04,/':: 2.-,

F 8;:\1b%ªO4%-')(:6E?C=F6/,9%!12=/@R?"6D6D:3 698;:\,/:V?C=<%^6D?C@A:,F6/82%6 =/6/%-,D69=F'K.-021-6/?"14*2Vd p&?g69=<xt 34.+:=<1;.-6

%!,9,D?"!:Nq&?g698;?"1ª%QOn:\,/?g.;3 4698;:\,/:E?"=>% 9I?"@R: DLG0;e6 A%-143^6/8;:<O4%-')(:\6s?C=>'K.+14=/?"3;:,D:356/.52:FB".-=/6

>:\6/,9%!14=9@R?g6/6D?C1;*V%p6D:,&6/82,D:\:E3204O4O;B"? '\%6/:\3oxt AV?C=>'\%B"g:3 pX%!=/6,/:69,/%-14=9@A?"6 2

?C=/=.-046/8;,9G 'K:F.:-6/qËd?"@Rr6D6>.5:F%!1;')B"=/84:\.Q'.+:\.+84=9=D%!=/: =&%-,D %-ÅQ17p:.+=DI&,&6/84?"%A@Q:<O2%=D%!6/.+')?g04.+(,/1^:\'6:<.6Dp.V8469%!,D8;=t::F%!%!')1^87%!,/:\6/?"=/%-8;6D;:F?C@Q?"Bg3;?"%6r:Å56D=D?"6/.-.?"141o p %! .!6Dp?".-691^<8;: O;BC%`04-E=&:\?C6/,9=&84%*!3;:G:E:\6/6D?",/:\@R.-,904@R:E14?"p3^14.+:\,693o,D?g69?C%!Oo=&=xt6Dp?C.-@RBgÊ"
: .q> 6D.V= ,/ :\%-;')q>858;6/?C84')8 :

/ 8
8;:,D: ?"=6/84:G'\04,/,/:\1+6s:\=/6D?C@R%!6D?".-17.
de%!1R1237.-,9693;8;:\:F,¨6D6/?C.F@R:\:<=/6D?g?C69@Q=&%xt6D: ,/: 6904q,/12:>=I@R&:\%-8;=/:0417,/:q6/: .+34@Q'? ½O4:\+0;,/%!6D:\:14143 ': ?C=n6/:8;6r:Gq:\::=/6D1R?C@Q6/8;%:&6D?"69.-,/15%-14.=/p@R698;?C=/:N=/?".-%-1A,D?C6D%!?C@A;?":tB ?g6r.ÅQp.%Fp O2 %!')(<:\6

8 9
8 6! "#%$

xtI&8; :Qde1b=D569.-%!.+,914O;3;326D:%!?",F.-,91¼3ª6D.¼q>%348;BC:\:\0;',/:A,/:A:\.!%-%-p=D1¼:Q
^xt69?C8;= :h1a 04?C=/=G:@A:R6/2,9>%!:14,<|}=9. @Rp>?g!6/xt6D :\3M-<9p=F.-,N?CG 1.-.1;69q8;B":Åª:7!::=/-,Åa½:\=/,/6D3;Å::\@ B"
o%`¨ÅaO4?CIt1;%-s*h')(~u%-:\6/1¼pX=N,Dxt:6/Ì+84 04%!:\6G1+,/6/6D:\?gB"B"%-ÅY')8ª
04=/6/:\8;= :QR6/8;3;O2"::%!=D')!6/(?"3;14:\:\%!6/B"=G6D%`?"Å-.-%!:\1,/3 :

,/O4:\%-'K'):\(?g:-6 :\3 .'pP.-%!0;1ABC3:K¶4,/On:\:\=9'K0;6/B":\6A3Q?C1 *+,D%.+043;O :\.!%-p3;B"

.a')O4(Y%!')?C(!1:6/'\@= %!=/%!:7,9,/6/?g82-%:\6R=¨%6/8;6}:^698;q&:>?"3;12:\3;=/.6Dq ?C14%!=D6D?"f?".-:^1 ?C-=A6/8;.+:1;1V: %pI&6D:8;,}:=Dp.+:\@R,/.-:&,/: 6D}?C@A?gpt:t6/?"841+:76D:mn,D,9=/%!6 B

pX 046rÅ;,/6/O;8;?C':%!,&Bg"qÅ7%?"6D!?C-1;@R*2 =@? p

O2%!')(:\6/=¨84%`-:14.!6}Å!:\6%!,9,D?"!:3 6/84:\1V%!1Q%-')(+14.q&Bg:3;*!:@A:1+6?C=}*!:1;:\,9%6/:\3Aq&?g698;.-046
VXU^W?U,'H +@& m:Z:UÛZ:P^]:IQZ:_p*U^WY_ Z:d _0N=JoR0PP,_U^ZOJ?WXWKIQ]:ReU^JuV%J?\:RsU.WXIQ-MZ:Z@pJ?U^SQU*VXZ:V?UgU,J N8U,ReJ?U,])( ^* R0WoRlSQ_WXWYIQZ:]:IQP,ReJ?IQ_ZGWXIQZOP,U*]Om:N:N:SQI P,ReJ?U,])( ^*t[P^_m:SQ] xBU*]Om:U*JX_
M

> #
n
;
t34+?C04:\14,/6r'K?Cqs1;:V.+*¼69,/8;(aq>:7=8;%!n?C')6´:8*-6984?"6914%8;146:^?"1;6/6/?"*+@R84=F,/:N.-.0;qsp*+:6/84,D84:tO4:50;02:6914?"=A*-=D698+34%!6D:\;?"':\B",/=::\+%-6/32=D84:04:\3,D,/?C:t1;=9*M04q4:\=/=/:,/6/:>-%!:\1+@R,96/%%-?"B¨%!1+BgÅ!ÅA"Å:B"}%!.-,969=9= 8;=D::\=It,/-:hsB"%-q~u,D:\*-,/82:>:7%!%!3b@Q1437%^%!1+=Dm4Å:\¶;!:\O4:\3b,/%-:>')'K('K.+:.+1;6R1;*!*!,D::\:=D6/=D6/,96/?g?g%!.+.+141 1Q=9@Rq&O2:?"?"14=9,D=/?"34.;?g..+34qF14= =

%!'K.+121;3¼*!BC:%!=D,/6/*!?g.+:Q153;q&:BC?C%`14Å;3;=.RdqFe¨1Y?"6/.-=>,93;=/?g:\f\,G:F6D'.M%!1h=/.!B"!%!:R,/Å76/84%!'\?"=F'K.+O4,/,/3;.-?C41;Bg*A:@6D.Q6/8;%!:<1 14!!:6r%-q'K.+.-4,9(V=D.+=D1M69%O46D,/:-.-IOn&.-8;=/:\:F34%! -j=/?C'N6D?C3;.ª:04%A=/?C:V=&%o%!=3;pÅ;.-14Bg"%!.@Rq>?C=\'
8;:16/8;:Mq&?C143;.q ?"=h=/@Q%!Bg s?"67'\%!1 *-,/.q ,9%!O;?C3;B"Å%!143 q>8;:1?g65,/:\%-')8;:\=QBC%!,/*!:o%BC0;:=V?g6h'%!1.-14BgÅ
*-@R,/:\.')q84%-=/1;B".?C=/q&@ BgÅ-%!Bg" .q>84=:\16D.5'K,/.+:\1;=/*!.!:B"!=D:E6/?g.+'K1.+1;?"*!=A:3;=D6/:?g6/.+:\17'K6/,9:\%!3 O;}?C3;69B"8;Å7:5%!q&14?C3h143;Å!.:\6>q04=/=/?g:Gf\:5:53;:\'K'\?":\,D1+:%!6DB"=/Å7:569348;,/:<%-=D1;6/:?"6r'\q%B".-gÅ-,9(Î =&484%-?"=A143;3;q&Å;14?C3;%!6/@R8P?C'
ª.+,D: O4,D:'K?C=D:\BgÅ N3;:mn1;:b% 6984,/:\=98;.!BC3ÃÇ ÈXÉ '%!Bg":\3 /=/Bg.q =/6/%-,D6^6/84,/:\=98;.-B"3 q>8;?C')8,/:\O4,/:\=/:\1+6/=h.-02,
:\O4=/%-6D')?C(@Q:%6\6/?g.+ 1A84.!:\p1V698;?"6/:>=1;xt:\6rqs.+,/,D(<:\6/'\04%!,9O414%-= 'K-?"q6rÅ!:tI'&%-8;1Q:&6/q&,9%!?"1412=93;@R.q ?g6s=/6r6/qs%-.<,D69O2=}%!%')6(:\%G6/=\%|BCn0;.-:&,´.:\p½%!.-')148V:!xtdr 6}6/8a.!04pP=}6/698;,/:%-=D14:>=/@R6rq?"6/. =O4%F%-=/')?C(1;:\*!6/B"= :
6/O484%-:>')(q&:?"6912=3; .q:5?"14=D'\:\,D:V:%!6/=/84:\%!=}6G+69ÅR8;:\.-,/1;:V: -?C=F=/.<%!1Y6/84:K%!¶46O2q>.+8;1;::\1Q1+6/6/?"8;%!:tB}*-xt,/ .q&<6/=´8Y..pps6/8469:\8;=/:V:>q&6rqs?C14.<3;O2.%!qF')VI(:\&6/=8;?C,/=<:69O40484,9%-1A=Dq:Q:>?C=F69,/'%-%14B" =/:\@R3 ?"6¨!=/p.-Bg.04q ,

=/3;6/?C%!,D:,/'K6 26/BgQdÅ5rq&6F?"?"6/=<8o'\%Q%B"g:%3YBC0;:E=/.ª.p2:Ç '%-04/=D:VÇ ?CÈX1bÉ =/O4?g*+8-6E.!p698;:5,/%-O;?C3¼*+,D.q&698 P?"6F?"=<=/B".qs:,N6984%!1Y?gpq:V84%!3b=/6/%-,D6/:\3

8;:1oÇ /ÃÇMÈXÉ 4q:<O4%!=9=6D.V%Q=D:'K.+143oO484%!=/:F'%!Bg":\3 /'.-1;*-:\=/6D?".-17%`-.!?C34%!12'K: -q>84:\,/:G698;:<q&?C143;.q
q+Ç Å5:G?C!6914,/d'%-,/14p½:\=9qs%-@A=D::?"6t=´6/,9+Ç %!Å 12=/8 e@R

!?"6Ç;69:8;6/t'!:tq>g"Ç 8;?C ')O28V:<%!'):\=D(%-:\:\'):F6/85=¨6/xt84%%!6 6& -6/8;6/6/8;:F84:%!q&1R6s?C%!14,/6¨:3;6/6D.02?CqÃ@A,/14:*-=\,/ }x.8 &q& p6/6/85:\,s?C=6/,9B"qs?%!1;:14:=969%!@R,/,\%-?g146/6D=/?C@R1;*R?"6Ç Ç O48M%-')!(%-:\6/14= 3RaÇ%6 ?C814',/ :\%-=D: =

; ;

t%Q.-O46%!').-(!14:BgÅV6B"Ç .-=9=?"=s3;Å;14%!@R?C' ;Ç ÈXÉ ?"=s6D.a.ndr6s?"=m4¶;:\3Q?C15Its~6D.R84%Bgp6/8;:N`%!B"04:>.pÇ q>8;:\156/8;:,D:t82%!=ń::1

3;3;:\:6D':\,/I&':\8;6D%!::=/3Q:G,D:ª6/.8;p¨%!:,/6/1A:ª8;:F69=D8;:\q&:&!?C:q&14,/3;%!?C14.B3;qË.%-q=D,D?"?Cf%!,D:F:1+34%!6/=R0412'K3h.!:pE=¨698aIt6D04.Fs=69~}8;.p¨d:>6/e8;1 %:FBC0;69698;:,/:o%-.14p¨mn=9>,9@A=D%!6V?C14=9=D3Q?"%!.-%F,/1h?C%!=/,/Bg1+.%!6 q6D:!r'=/%6/%!B" ,/:\6¨3 O4!84I%!=/%!:&8;.a2:O:\*!´?C14q>=\I84&:\1;8;:\?C!=}:\?C,V=%F% 34B".-,9%!=9=Q=/6D?C?"'=

6/'K84.+:N1;de*!B"1 .-:=D=96/6/=´8;?g.+?C:7=1¼3;.!q&:6/846/?C:\14:\'K,F3;6/.:\@Rq
37.-6/=/34846D,/B",/.-ÅY.-O40;04= *+=/85-:\Å3 %<846/%!?"%@R,/Bgpe?C:%!M 1+.++6/0;=Bg.6q '\ %=DB"69g8;:%!3Y:,/176Ft?"% =A:\1;Bg1;.+.ª=/.!=s6F.+?", ?C=1;t3;?"6D:\:?C6D%q :\6/':\>6D3::351;%!12. 6/823Y,D6/.+q8;0;:5:5*-q&,/85:\?C@Q,/14:\3;%On.?C:\1q %!6D?":341b37,/.-69xt8;O4: =F <!6/.'=s.-V6/1;8;*-.-::\1;15=/B"6DÅ¼6/?".-84?g1: p

%`!.-?"32%!14': O284%!=/:!
;

I3;:.G=D6/?C1;?"14?"6D%!?C6D%?"6/.-:>1ª%N69It8;:\s1Y~=D:'K14.+14341;=G:%!'K1M6D?".-xt1 6/8;:> %=/BC.-=D02.7,/-':7=/O2:\%!14')32(=}:\%l6/=t-Bg=D.+Å;1;14* '½N'O2%!%!Bg"'):\(3 :\6-=D.!Å;pn14+' Nxt+Åa 6D:=¨'6D/.E 6/8;:>8;34:1¼:\=/6D,/?C:\14'K%:\6/?ga?g.+?C1;1*5I&698;84?":=

x:Kt¶4 O;?C,/:\½= It s04~Ë=/02%'\%!B"g1MÅ =/wo6/%-.-,D,F6Gvª=D:=/14:\3;'?C=@1;>*^6/8432:\%1b6/%2?"6<t?"=A.!6/,D:!:\6/>,9?g%!p´14:\=9?g@R698;?g6/:\6D,G:3.p69 8;:\8;=/:Q:1O4%!%ª')(!,D:\:6/6/,9=N%!?C14=t=9B"@R.-=/?g6/6N6D:\698;3b:\O41Y%-%')p(6/:\:\6F,E?"%5=F6/B".-?"@R=/6 : .-6/8404:6

6D?C@R: .-0;6>3204,/%!6D?".-1^3;.-02;Bg:=&%!143h6/84:<O4%!')(!:6?"=&=/:\1+6>%!*-%?C1
U<;
= !>13$'D?$'&(?$'?5/16/

U?2DB%56-.- *>5
Æ:K¶:\-6@ =N69'K,9BP04=91ª',/69?"O;8;6:Q O2=D::\,D:FBÏO4%-,/.!;*-Bg: ,9%!4@ 6/6984 ,D.+:<0;84*-%`82!O4:G0;6D6.VO;6rB Å; On :!I %!4Bg:Qw4j-´.+1ª6/84:A69,/%-'K:Fm2B":R.-0;6\ 69,t*-:\1;:,/%!6D:\3ª+Åo6/84:
±2°+¯;² &2$4¯6B5;®2$a±-5'&%. ±n² 85'&%. &;¯ '. &($a±
M
9 I ,
:%QpX0412.-;'K6D69?"%.-?C1¼1^.%-p176/.+?"@R0;6/:O2½0;q>6&8;m2:B",D:F: q&?"1ª?g698^.+046/,t8;: '\%!%`=/-::\,9:\%%-*-'):\8b35A,/:\=/':\:'K?"!.+:\14373 ½6/84%5,/.-1;04:\q*-84Ò4%!04B"6&04:.p}.Itps698;~ : 69?"841ª,/.-+0;Åa*+6D84:=&O40;O26N:,>?"=t=/:\.-'K;.+6914%3>?C1;´:\%-3=

F
I&8;?C=&.-046/O40;6mnBg:F'%-1o2:<3;?C=9O;B"%`Å-:\3h04=D?C1;*Q*-1a04O4Bg.-6>-Å76rÅaO4?"1;*n
®(1!7-2° 5+&±n1'² 2/;& ° J . J .
±n1!°2² &B& ¬4° ^2&($a± J 7«u 3 6²J J/O72J 6° 1,

I&8;:<,/:\=90;B"6?C=*!?"!:17?C1^|¨?g*n}2"!
40000 60
35000 ’WinFile’
50
30000
25000 40
20000 30
15000 ’thp’ 20
10000
5000 10
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
|¨?"*-04,/:E2"!}I&84,/.-0;*+84O40;6.pÏts~'K.-121;:\'6D?".-1 |¨?"*-04,/:E2 ; ?C143;.qÃ=/?"f:E.p}Its~'K.-121;:\'6D?".-1

e
d ª
1 +
. /
, ;
3
: >
, /
6 h
. 4
0 4
1 4
3 \
: 9
, D
= 9
6 !
% 4
1 M
3 n

: /
6 D
6
: t
, 9
6 ;
8 R
: n
\
: 2
8 `
% +
"
? -
. t
,
.
p 9
6 ;
8 R
: /
= ;
Å D
= /
6 \
: @ qs:R%BC=D.7O4Bg.-6N698;: q&?C143;.qu=/?gf\: |?"*2
2 -9 }I&:58;=D?":\=>:V?"=6/8469%!8;6E:EpXm2,D.+B": @ 6D?C@R?C1;: |¨?gB"^: V.-'\1+,Dq:%!%,96D34:37=E%ª+Åh=D6/,9:\04%-143;14Å ?"1;=/*Q6/%!:6D¶½:V-'K69Å;'K'KB B"?C'R,/:*-?"@R:V.!pIts~?C=<%6/6/%?C1;:3 Its~?"=
%.;B"'q'\04%`Åa,/=\=G?C1b'K.-14*!:\=/6D?".-1 %`!.-?"32%!14': P%!123¼?"6/=Fq&?C143;.q
=/?gf\:R?C14'\,D:%!=/:\= %!B"@R.-=/6FB"? 1;:%!,/BgÅ >041+6D?"B´'.-1;*-:\=/6D?".-1
#x:K6Pp6/.+?",D@R:G:´6D?Cn@R&6: /8;:,D;:´q%-:F,D:}=D:\B":<.-=9%R=/:\6/=,9%!%!6P14=/6/?g84::s1+6=/Bg.nqb:\82=D%`69+%!?",/.-6,O4?C841^%-q>=D:-8;I?"')&8^8;It:´q&s?"~1434?"=>.qb?"1^826/%84B":<!:\=D= B".q>q8; =/:\6/,/%-:\,D%-6=O46/848;%-:s=D6/:-84,/.-04*-84O4046
n=/.7:\'K%.+B"@R6/8;:\.+=¨0;'K*-B"8M.-=/6/:s8;6/:R.Nq&f\:\?"12,/.23;.qG .?"q=N.'\p´%!1<=/?gf\q:A:w-:K ¶4O; BCO4%%-?C1<')(6/:\826/%=@6 ½Î6/&8;:84,D::R,/%!:\,/%-: =D.+1;1F.h?"=6/,969%!8414%=96}@R%?"6¨=9=D6/?"?".-@R12:=tx2&66N98;6D:\?C@R,/:s:h?C=}-%N<6D6/?C8;@A:,D: :R .+%!0;,/6 :

%*+%?C15B".-=9=D:=&3404,/?"14*Q%Q=/Bg.q r=/6/%!,/6O484%!=/:!
U
=:9
#->W$'#16/ +531$'/ ?$'&

"'-"'- 2 #$%1 * 13$'
de1;1Q.-?"6/=/84Å5:NB"?O414,/(a:=\aÍ?".-&048;=}?C:=>¶4?C%!=@Q:\=9O;O2B":\:=}'K?CB"%.-B"=9g=DÅh:=}6/,9q0;:\:F,/?C:>1h34690;8;:>: 6/'\. %!'K=/.+:G1;.!*!p¨:,9=D%!6/?g34.+?g1.QdB"?e141V(aO2= ,/4%!:!6D?C*2'K´?:-"1oBg.+'K=/:\=/Bg:\C=´0;BC@R%!,&%`ÅRO484%.-BC=D1;.<:n=&:N.-,'\%!?C1o04=/=/:\%!3A6D:pX,/B".-?g6/@ :
B"BC?%146D(a:,=\+x?C1hB"+? :\12'(F6D?"@R.-17%`Å<j4ng-:\}L'.-G@R,´:?g6?"1 @QpX%`%!ÅR'6=90'.-½@Q:\,Ó;pXB",D:.+6D@Ê:\BgÅA.;3;'\?"'=9%!'K=/.+?".-14141;%!:B2'K6D?C:1-3F6/:\p,D.+p:\,,/=/:\.-14@R':\:= O2 :34,D0;?".;:N36D.R Y=/84:%-=/3;82.%q&B"a?C1;=/:* :!pX6/%!843;?"=}?C1;%-* =/On:\:\6/'8' 6
6/6D.^82%?C6E1-69',D%!.;0234=D02:Q'KO4:Q%!6/')8;(!:Q:69=/=t?"@Q6/.hO;B"'K:\.+=/6E1+6/:\%,9?C,D1M.+,N:,/@R,/.-.;,93;=t:%-B G143Mqs:Q698;%!:\=91¼=/026D@A.o:R2:V6/8234%,/6E.-O2O4O2%!'):(!3:Fd6/=Ee1M%-,D69:R8;?"34=E,D.+=/:\O4'On6D:\?".-3Y1M.-q1M:Q698;=/84: %! Bg}
=98;$.
qu 8;Bg?C.14q (
%!'\'K.+I&,/8;3;?C?C=&1;*RB"? 14?"12(h3;:\:\,9On,/:\.-14,34@R:\1+.a6D34B"Å7:B 2q&6/?"826/8o%6>=/.-q&@R?"Bg:G2m4: ¶;:\?"1+3o6/,/'K.;.+341404=D69'%!:\1+3^6&6DO4.V,/.-698;4:<%-;B"??g14B"? (^6rÅ!'K.+141;:'K6D?C1;*51;.;3;:=>14wV%-143o1 ?C1o6/84:
:K¶4%-@RO4Bg:E?C1h|¨?"*-04,/:E2 'w ;?"=>'\,D:%6/:\37%-=p.!B"g.q>=\
aB° &Ë°-¯a6¯ +¯ ;24;°;4 ² B7 6² /O7;¬ 7 & 7 o.
1!2° &Ë² 1-1 O;2425n²+° VX72°!« ¯a0¯ +¯ (4a°;X² [

Ra² 1-1 O;2425n²+° 1!°2&¯;©2&4° J .

M
M

#' > 9 +w
R aa²² 1-1-11 O;O;2242425n5n²+²+°° ¯;4a¯6©B7!±4©-8&4¯ ©+¯+VX72®4°!°B«& VX72©B7'°«46:;+®44°B©-7'¯ &6/+©2Hn5n²-²a°'²X+ [ 7>/)6!¯=; [

R87>1² 1-1@;(4a°;²IRa² 1-1 O;2425n²+° R87 YR87

R

I&04=/8;:\:^=F'K%^.-*!@Q:@Q1;:\%!,912%C3 6/.-R+,G² .6p1-%ª1 ;041;(?g42p.-5n,9²-@R° BgÅ¼1!°B34&Ë?"=/6/¯;,/©B?"2&40;° 6D:3 J ,9. %!¼123;3;:\.-6D@£:,/@R%-?C1;,D?C:\%!=A;B"%ª:Bg.+q>=/84=A?"'),/8%!6D:5?C=F.!3;p :\'B"0%-% ,D:3¼.p&?C1 698;6/:h8;:5O4%-1;'):(¶;:\6F6/=\Bgªd?C1;r:!6

I&8;:FxtBC=E%!=/%-61ªBg?C:K1;¶4:<%!3;@Q:\O;6D:\B":R,9@R.?"ps14%^:\=Itq>s8;~Ã?C')8^'.-Bg14?C141;(V:'Kq&6/?g?".+Bg1M26/:<82%% 6E:=/'K846D%-:,D3:=N%^1;.-?"=/Åª2.-6D6DB":QBg?C14(oq&?"6/8 %5NkN~ 'K.+141;:'K6D?".-1

q:E'.-14=/?C3;:\,698;:<1;:6rq.-,9(V3;:O;?"'6D:3h?C1^|¨?g*+04,D:En w2
FTP
2 3
CBR
¨| ?g*+04,D:En w2·´¶4%!@QO;B":E,934,/.-O 6/'B

_;_YWb¥\`X xt1^?C@ROn.-,/6/%-1+6&.-ae:'K6&.p¨14=&?C=&6/84:<@A.+1;?"6D.-, rÌ+04:\0;:-}dr6>%B"g.q>=6/.5'K.!B" :\'K6&@A04')8
04@R=/.-:K1;pX0;?"6DB.+?C,&1ap2.+:\,/6r@Qqs%:\6/:\?g1^.+151;.;.+3;1h:\Ìa=t0;1 :R%0;:E!14Bg:3o1;*!1469w 8 ;;qs.-:E176r6/Å;8;O2:<:-%-,/,/?g%!B"= +34:\O4%-,D6904,D:=%!1437Bg.+=/=/:\=\}I.R?"@QO;B":\@R:1-6>%RÌa0;:\04:
1!°2& =; B7WV R87>1 ;B7>/:&+¯ 252B° 52° R87 R87 V±2B° 7 =;s.85'&« [ J . [
V R87 1² /O7;¬ R87 YR87 X[ B52B° 526° '1!:© ;2±n²-6° B&>/;° B5(& V R=7>16² /O7;¬ R87 YR87 [ 1=&4©+(¯ &B&;¯;© %-/O7;®

B"I&Ìa.a0;8;'\:\%:C046/:!-:\d3@Aae.+1A6/1;84.+?":G6D04.-69,, 8;r'\?CÌ+%!,/043h=/:\:?"0;=O:698;6978;:>.+:NÌaa.+0;e0;:\:\6/'0;O26<:>0;84%!66}%!6/=E6/,98;%!M:&'K:N%-?C14,Dm2*+O4B"0404:G@R6%-.:\14p1+356/1;=\69.;F8;3;:E6/:>8;B"1%-:Q=D6m 14,/=9=/wG%`6FÅa?C==6rqs@R8;.ª..-q1;3;?":pX6Dmn,/.+:\1;,DÌa::0;3=F::\6/1+8;!6D::7B"ÅV,DÅBg?Cqs142:G(Mg&q&q>=/?":\84=985':\,/%!6/:V12.R3A6/@R8;69:5.+8;1;:>Ìa?g0;6/.+.-:0;,0;6/:VO46/8404?":=6

?C=&O4,D?C1+6D:3h?C1+6D.Q6/84:Em2Bg:<Ìa@^ .-0;6\I&8;:F.-0;69O40;6m2B":<'K.+1+6/%?C14=6/84:Ep.!B"g.q&?C1;*o!E'K.-B"04@Q14=\
F 6/8;:F6/?"@R:
F 6/8;:F?C14O40;6>%-143h.-0;69O40;6>1;.;3;:=>3;:Km1;?"14*V6/8;:FÌa0;:\04:
F 6/8;:<Ìa0;:0;:F=D?"f:E?C1^+Åa6D:= '.-,9,D:=/On.-1432=s6/.V6/8;:<%!6D69,D?C40;6/G : 1-/;° .p¨6/8;:<@R.-14?g6/.-, Ìa0;:0;:N.+ae:\'6

F 6/8;:<Ìa0;:0;:F=D?"f:E?C1Ô2%!')(:\6/= '.-,9,D:=/On.-1432=s6/.Q6/8;:<%!6D6/,/?C40;6D:E±;-¬ &

F 6/8;:<1a04@A2:,.pO2%!')(:\6/=6984%6>84%`-:G%-,/,/?"!:\3 'K.+,/,/:\=9O2.+1434=6D.Q698;:<%6/6/,/?"4046D:E±2©+¯+¯ / 4©;'² 1
F 6/8;:1a04@A2:,.p4O4%-')(:69=½6/84%!684%`-:¨34:\O4%-,D6904,D:3t698;:B"? 12( '.-,9,D:=/On.-1234=½6D.&698;:´%6/6/,/?"20;6D:}± 4;°!±2©-(¯ &(54¯;° 1

F 6/8;:<1a04@A2:,.pO2%!')(:\6/=&34,/.-O2O2:3h%!6&6/8;:<Ìa0;:0;: 'K.-,9,/:\=9O2.+1434=6D.V698;:<%6/6/,/?"4046D:G± 4+6¯ !>± 1 '
F 6/8;:<1a04@A2:,.p+Åa6D:=&6/82%6>84%`-:G%-,/,/?g-:\3 'K.-,9,/:\=9O2.+1434=6D.Q6/84:<%6D69,D?C40;6/T : H2©-¯a¯ / 4©a² 1

F 6/8;:1a04@A2:,.p4+Åa6D:\=P6/84%!6P84%`!:3;:O4%!,/6/02,D:3t698;:B"? 14( '.-,9,D:=/On.-1432=½6D.&6/84:´%6/6/,/?"4046D! : H 4;°!±4©+(¯ &(54¯a6° 1

F 6/8;:<1a04@A2:,.p+Åa6D:=>34,/.-O4On:\3 '.-,9,D:=/On.-1234=6D.V6/84:<%6D69,D?C40;6/7 : H'4a6¯ !>± 1 9
xt1ot%!Bg:6/¶;:\6,914:%¶46/%!?g-@Q:NO;qB":<%`Å5=/'\6D,D.Q?CO;q6.-2,9"F(V=/3;8;?C,D.:q>'K=6DB"Å7698;q&:F?":\6/1+8^6D?C69,/8;:E:\=/=9:F',/%?CO;6D696,Dp?C.-4,&0;6/@R:\=&.;3;?C=&:B"3;?":1;=/*V'\,DIt?C2s:3^~?"q&1M?"6/+8o:'K1;6D.!?".-?C=/1hÅ7234j;,/.-O4=\
! M
9 I ,

!R81 7>°2&1¯;7>°a%a©21 ;&²+° VX72¯&(°2$« ° 6²81'/;652/;65n° 5n²+©B²-&©2&+¯+¯[ /O7>1=&4©87%!°
R87>1%a²+¯ °(4
!R81 7>°2 ±4&1 °B7727 ©O;9&(2$&;V!¯;° ±4©°B%7

°6+B©;5'&;²a&%¯;² ©.X74R8%!7°4©:; «/![²+°
1!!1 °2°2 ±4&& °B«<&67 /7&(2$64 V!°!±4« ;°B97
¯;1 ©>B%/5'½;°'&%° 0. &a!/ ²+¯ V°!«±4[°B7 </O7 04 !« 1 /;½° °B7b« [
R87>1 ;& ¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB6&
±4¯6°% /O279°/O7<®2©/(²1:
$ H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 57±; ¯6&6%!°(4B45 ¯;°
R87 1 ;²85>1:$ 8;& ¯;©%!°
%-²6!1 °QR87
°X°X%-P;P²6°/:&1!% °Q27J RB©:;&6 B5'&%.?27 ©:
; &
+
¯a°a©24
1!!1 °2°2&& 77 &J °'VV 6R8R87784511 ¯ 77 7((4;;4(;4°° [[°61
!11!°2°2&& 77 VV R8R877 11 77((;44;°° [[
R87>1 ©2& J . R=7 ²+©H2°;²! !
R87>1 ©2& . J R=7 J ²+©H2°;²! !
¯a°a©24 & °²6/;7 ¬ 1 H2°2-& «2°a°B7 &(4$ ° 7 (;4 °61

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R87 J R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²

R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R87 R87 H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6!/ ²
R87>1 1'/2; ±n²+°XPa²6/O;7 ¬ R87 YR87 J . J H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
R87>1 1'/;2±n²+°XPa²6/O7;¬ R87 YR87 J . J H J ;u1 ¯6!± 4©6/!²
a°B
& =25 °B25 ° 9/ ;°² /O;7 ¬ ,7 6=7 & J
R87>1254°B52°6a² /;/:& R87 R87 J
87</:& +¯ &(2$ ° 225 °B25 °'0+¯Ã²6/O;7 ¬ ,7 087 3. 6+¯
R87>1 1'/;2±n²+°XPa²6/O7;¬!± R87 YR87 252°852° 61 J . 3
1Ra!a°2²&Ë°B Ë&1-²1 °-O;¯a1-¯612+O;42¯n5 2²+; 42° 5n2;4!1²+°2°;°&²4VX72¯;B7°!©2«4& ²6°/O;7¯aJ¬¯0+. 7¯ (&4a°;²X7[ o.
Ra² 1-1 O;242n5 ²+° ¯;©B7 4©-¯ VX27 °!« ©B7'64 :; 4©-¯ / ©Hn²-°'+ 7>)/ 6!¯=; [
Ra² 1-1 O;2425n²+° 4a¯6!± 8&4©+¯+®4°B& VX72°« +®4°B7'&6+25n²a²X[
R87> 1 ² 1-1@; (a4 °;²IRa² 1-1 O;242n5 ²+° R87 YR87
M
M

#' > 9 aj
!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(&5a©2&(±Ã%±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>J / RBB&7+;%±°!«4¯;°=7 [

!1 °2&1'/7;¬ VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ + °;² %`¬M[

R87>1 ©2&(&4©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 YR 1'/7;¬

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

RB& %± 1 °2 & /=4

R(-& ± 1 °2& & +±2°

!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(5a5©2&(±Ã!4 ±&4©©%:VX47$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>C/ R8B57[ 4!±

!1 °2& 7-25 ²a² VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 225 ²a²X[

R87>1 ©2&(4& ©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R87 YR87-25 ²a²
R87>1%87-72°%=& R=5 4-±SR87-5n²+²
R85 !4 ± 1 °2 & /=4
!R1 a°2% H;&°B&(¯Ãa5% H;±Ã©B&-¯W&4© ©VX47%:$°! «+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ R8%!5©24!&>± / %88797-+ 27;°¯;%=©&0/ B/ 7%2+
[

R% H;¯1 °2& & +±2°

R% H;¯1 °2 & ±2©%¬4°B& 9/ ;°, J J J
R% H;¯1°2&¯;©2&4° J . J H
R% H;¯1 °2 & ¯;©B7 64 O; ;©;² 1 °
%O2$ °(42n5 ²-°° 4°B7-& 1 6+¯ &(2$ ° ©B7'4 ©!®4°B7'& 1
R87>1 ©2& J . R6% H4¯ 1=4& ©+¯2&

R87>1 ©2& . J R(&+± 1=&4©+¯2&

R87>1 ©2
&& .. J RR(% H4+& ±¯ 1:1:&& !!±±
R87>1 ©2
3
±4®2¯6²KH2¯% ©;/O±27'² &²7>2/O;7&1 </® &(7 4$64 °!««<*B/7& 64%`±!«B451'¯/ ;%!°° !/ ²+°6+4*

!1!1 °2°2&& 7&>/½;« ° V JR=7>. J1 7 !« [

±-R81!5'7>°2&&91 1 ©2%`«(W&R7 4!/ Ve°X²+P-° V ±4RB&¯ R=%`7±R87!0«S!B«54RZM¯ %`RB%«-&>° 7'/½;41!°2°X &[ %` K«-±n7'²42&X[</O7'64 !«YR8& %`± 0854¯ %!° R /!²+° +
R87>1 ©2& . K±2²2& </7 46!«QRB& %`±SR«</7 46!« 91 >/;½°
1!V °2R87&!1 ©:1 2;=;±n² B²-/O7W;7° ¬ &(V 2$R8R87>7°IY1 H;2R87&-B7>2&X[²-/:&°BB27+25¯°°B%252¬ 52°62'°B2552!1 °B©:° 2;45 R8±n°7 ²-°°64B°+R8&>7¯ /; °JBV5(. ±2& °B71 °=%K;sV. R=.7>1=8&5'1 &+¯a²6«°/O;7[ &2¬ $2J R8° . 7 &;[Y¯;©R87%!° [ /O71=&4=©+;s¯(&. BB5'&;&¯;©%-/O7;®
-v M
9 I ,
87>°B1 &4©2©&
%:$ & %±. 3 ©87 4R87>1'1 /O7;4;¬Ã°2&;©-©®4%:$°87'+&©!®41 °B7',7&IB&ÃR87 ¯aJ °a©;RB&²a²%`± 47 OR°8%!7>°611-14;©+°2¯ &;© %:$ +©!®4°B7'& 8R 7 YR 1'/O7a¬

R
R87>1 ©2&
3 . J /O7</21:$
R87>1¯25(7
I %!;B":E2"!¨6/'B=/'\,D?CO;6>,934,/.-O 6/'Bnp.+,&Its~.!:,s%V1;.-?"=/Å7')84%-141;:\B
e
d F
1 ¨
| "
? -
* 4
0 /
,
: 2
>

q ´
: 9
6 /
, -
% K
' : 04=D?C1;*N*-1a04O;B".!6@n6/84:´m2B": ?C143;.q&G=/I?C@R: N>:\1;.G',/:\%!6D:\3F+ÅE6/84:=/?"@A0;BC%6D?".-1P
xf.a.+@A:37-:\,9=D?".-17?"=>*!?"!:\17?"1^|¨?"*-04,/:E2j;
8 8
’win20’ ’win20’
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 100 150 200 250 300
|¨,9%!?g14*+043;,/.+:¼@2B".-2=9 =D: = ?C143;.q =/?gf\:¼.!p Its~zq&?"6/8 !0% |¨,9%!?g14*+043;,/.+:M@

2Bg.+j;=/ =/:\ =\}?C%R143;f..aq .-@ =/?gf\:¼.!p Its~ q&?g698 !0%
.,/:\p=96/0;de84Bg1 6:7=/?C,/:=>%--3;14:\:3;,9O;%.+?"Ba@£''6D%-:Bg=D3h.+:=/=?C=<1^q.-|¨:1b?g'\*nIt%!1 sn.-~uv24=/O2:\:,/,e!p:s.+,/Bg.+@Q1;%-*N146/'K?":@R:\q.-:Q0;69,9= 041?C1 %!O2*-%!%,/?C6D1Y?C'6/0;8;BC%!:7,=/%?C@6¨6D0;?CBC@R%6/:&?g.+w!1Y!24I046<.Gq&=/?g:69:86/8;1;:&.ª8aB".-0;=9*-=D:s:=?C@Q7IO4&%!84':6
12
10
8
6
4
2
’win0’
0
100 150 200 250 300
| ?"*-02,D:E2 v4}Its~q&?C143;.qÃ=/?"f:Ep.-,&RB".-=9=&,/%!6D:
'K3;.+:@Q=D6/xt?"O4141o0;%!6D6D?C:R@Q?".-?"O216N.+?C ,D=t%!696>%!6/.^1+1;6t.;=/:\3;On%-::\,/,D')wp8o.-/,9d?C@Q1Me1^%!6914.-8;'02:R:<,>6/@A,9=D%!?C:@ 'K%!:<04=904B"m2%!,/Bg6D:F: ?".-?"B=t1h5'6/&6/8;8;. :R?C&;=>¯5%`?C!=69:\8;p,9.-:R%02*-6D14:N?C@A3o6984:R%,/6&6/.-826D0;?C%*+@R6E84: O4%70;v It6>s2.!p´~!HaItO4s%!j~}')A(!2x%!:u146>3^q-6/:\%!84,/=GÅh: ,D:'K=/?"'K.+@Q:\,/?g,/O;-:\B":\=9:<3ªO2q.+%14%`6G3;Å76/?C1;846/.*:
6/,9%!':EBg?C1;:F?C=
¯ %. J 3 & %`± J J J 00002 J . J Y. J 3 3 J
,
M
M
,, ,
>
,7, ;
I&3;:8;=D:<6/?"141a04%!6D@A?".-21:}I,>&28;:p:N.-,/It:Fs6/~ 8;: 6/82B"%-,D=D.+6&0;@R*-84:\O2%-0;146=&?C6/=´8269%8+6>0269=´8;=/?"?"=>@Q?"=&O;B"69ÅQ8;:56/8;`?C=sjv 1a04 @A
Q2It:,´s3;~?"aO4?"34%!:\')35(!:+6ÅQ6D.56/8;n:G:<34q04:,9B"%6/?g,D.+:1Q'K:\.?g-p:\6/3^8;:N%6&|}I6/84~ :
'K %-.+=&141;%Q:It'K6Ds?".-~1 O4 v%!w')(!V:=/6:\'K'.-.-1+146932%=?C 144=&? +:!Å7;3;:KjpXa%-A0;B"O46F%!\')!(!-:A6/=&+OnÅa:\6D:,N==D}:.+'K.+, 143 !4+.+j,&HA:\4ÌaO40;=\?"%B":\1+6DB"Å ;j+ <+Åa6D:\=tO2:,t=/:\'K.+143
t.-6D:- ?gpq:5B".a.-(¼%!6F6/8;:5mn,/=/6<B"? 14:\=<.!p&6/8;: B5'&%. &a¯^mnBg: q:5=984%B"´=/::56984%6<698;:\,/:7%-,D:Q.!698;:\,AIts~

O41a04%-')@ (n:69:\= , ?".!= pf=/:?"f,D:&.n -EO4:h%-')3;(.Y:\6/1;=}.!:6 %!')'8>.-P04q>1+6<8;?C69')8;8R:\@qs:>n82:\%`'!%-:&041;=/:5.!6s6/8;'K.-:\Å021-'6/.-:\,93R,D:?C1A=/On69.-8;12:>3Y6/.!6/6/. %!B2*11a/$04+@ $2n 12:\&,t/ O4j!v%!;')(!I:&6/=<8;:6/?C84,%!=/6 :\,/%!?",/%!: B
?C1--.!tB"!.-:6D35:E?C6/1h82%696&8;:Fq:E.-On02:\=D14:?"3h1;*Q698;.!:<p3;698;:\B":<%`Å-It:\s37~xN'K')(5.-12-1;:\:\,9'=D6D?".-?".-171.pIts~+Åh02=D?C1;*Q6/8;:<'.-@Q@Q%!143
1!°2&1'/7;¬ VX72°!« a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ + °;² %`M¬ [

?C14=D6/:\%-37.!p¨=/?"@QO;B"Å 1!°2&1'/O7;¬ VX74°!« a®4B° 7'& + 6/O7;M¬ [
U
9 !->7*1$' 2E?$ 9#$%$'-> *13)$'/ 1 *!, !?$'&%)2 K->7*"'!-/
de%!15O2O;.+Bg,/?C34'%!:\6D,s?".-6D.Q1h'?"12,/:\3;%?ga6/:N?C34@Q04%!%!Bg1+"ÅÅV4'K6/.+.V143;1;:K:mn'K6D14?":F.-126/=8;a:?"@z6s?C%!==04-=D::\pX'0;6DB.-,9?C14= =D 6/.+:\,&%-3V%!,9.,/p%`Å;34=@:Kmn?C1;1h?C1;69*R'KB :\%-q&')87?g698;1;?C.;1o3;Bg: .a+.-B"O^?C14(=/6/a%'6/.-:\14@R14:\:\1+'K696/=?g.+915.+,

n
| 2
0 D
, 9
6 ;
8 \
: 9
, R
@ -
. /
, : a?g6&n:\'.-@R:\=.!p?C1+6D:\,/:\=/66D.5')8;.a.-=/:E'K.-121;:\'6D?".-14= ;O4%!,9%!@R:6/:\,9= =904')8h%-=6D?C@A:F.!pn:*-?"1
1;%!12?C1;35*^6/.-84,G:\1^:\14O43Y,D..ap?C3;%!:E'K6/%!?g15a?"6r:Å ¶4%!B"@Q? 12O;(MB":!3;:tBC%`.-Å;6D= :E½6/:\846/='%!>6%!qs6G:E%^84%`,/!%-:G143;%.+BC,D@¸:%!q3;ÅV%`Å-' .-14Y=/?":Q34:\6/,/,/:\:\35%!6G.-n6/8;.!:69,8¼%!?C=9=9=/O20;::'K=G6/=?"1¼.!p6/,98;%!?C=143;+.+:\@Q'6D1;?".-:\1=9=
?C1ªa:\'K6/?g.+17n w2
h_ P[2Wb»Z_ s.-14=/?C3;:\,6/84:<1;:6rq.-,9(V%6&|¨?"*-04,/:E2a}I&8;:E6/'B=/'\,D?CO;6&?C=*!?"!:17?C1oI%-;Bg:En 4
6
5
4 0 1
| ?"*-02,D:E2a¨·´¶;%-@QO;Bg:E.!p%V1;:\6rqs.+,/(Qq&?"6/8o=/:!:,/%!BIts~'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+14=
2
:G'\,D:%6D:Ej<|}I~'K.+141;:\'6D?".-14=s6/82%6=D69%!,/6%!6,9%!1434.-@^698;:E=D69%!,/6D?C1;* 6/?"@R:E?"=0414? p.+,/@RB"Å53;?"=/6/,/?C40;6D:3
6/n82:%6rq6&de1^:?C=&:\%!1b')348;3;o.-?"6D=/%!?":\.-121^1h3b%6D^6>.V,9=/69%!:\8;14'!:F34QI.-=D&69@ %!8414;:V3204q>%!1;,9?g8;p37.-.!,9B"69:5@A,/%-=DB"'KÅh?C:G@ 34.-04?"0;=/B"%!6/69,/6DO4?"?"0;2.-6/10;= 6D434:q3^04:F,9n%%:6DBC6r?"=D.-q.V1Y:':?C,/1¼=Q:\%!\6Do@Q:E=&=D%A:%!'Km214.+Bg3ª14:<34j12=\@Q%! @R=\ :\"3 :5'q&,/:\?C%!1 6DA:Q6/B"84? 14%!(a6&=Fq&q&?gB"?"6/8b'K.+3;1+:\6/%B"%`?C1Å

6/O484,/:<.;'K::\-32.!04BC0;,D:6D?"O;.-B"1h.!6 . p¨6/?"148;:F34.q&qF?C143;t..-q6D:=/6/?gf\82:F%6¨.p}6/8;%:B"m2'KB".+:*141;q&:\?C'1 6DN?".-?"1^=}%-%346>34%Q,/:\*+=9,/=D%-:1+3<0404B"%-=/,D?"1;?"6r*GÅV6/.84p}:4On!.!w-?C1+=D6D::',K}I&q&8;?C?C14=&3;?".=tq&3;N.-1;=9I:F?C?C@A1o:6/=842:
I&8;:<O4,/.;'K:3404,/:N?C=>'%!Bg":\3^,/:\'02,/=/?g-:B"ÅQp.-,:%!')8h.p698;: jR'K.+141;:\'6D?".-14=\
-H M
9 I ,

1!°2&¯a°a7>©2&41 ° VX72&(4$°« ° 61-//;6;65nn5 ²+²+©B©B&& ++¯¯ [ /O7 1=&4©B7%°
1R8!7>°2 ±4&1 °B7727<©O/O;97;&;® V!¯;&(±4©$2°B%7
°°6+&;B©;5'¯;²a&%©² %!.X74R8°'7©:;9 /!«²+[°61
!11!°2°2&&«<6& /7 46V!!±4« °B9
71 >B/5';½&%°. a& V!¯ ±2«°87[ «</O7« [
!1 °2& ±2©-¯;©:; V!±2°87 ±2©+¯;©:; °24& °+¯91 « [
R87>1 ;& ¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB6&
±4¯6°% /O279°/O7<®2©/(²1:
$ H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 57±; ¯6&6%!°(4B45 ¯;°
R87 1 ;²85>1:$ 8;& ¯;©%!°
%-²6!1 °QR87
°X°X%-P;P²6°/:&1!% °Q27J RB©:;&6 B5'&%.?27 ©:
; &
+
¯a°a©24
1!!1 °2°2&& 77 & ° VV HR8R877B&-11 2& 77²+((°B4;;447 °°°[[%¬©87 4 ;4 °61=& 7 (4a°61 ©B7 4Ã²6/O7;¬ H2°B&+«2°a°B7 &2$2°:;
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R87 R87 J . H J ;j1 ¯6!± 4©9/!²
!1!1 °2°2&& 258;5 ;¯;H©2&>+¯/ 8% 7 3 J
0845 ¯ %!° 7 2;4 °61
6+¯,* 1 °2
+
1!°2& R & V R8(7>+1 * 7R 24;- L° [R 258; H +¯ %+ * /O7 %¯,+,*
1R-!¯2°27a&®¯;¯2°a7a©21®;&°a°(°4 VX74©J°!¯;« ©87 46 :;[ ®4°B74°+¯;©2&-¯ 6+¯1=&4©-¯(&>/O7;® &($2°4(&+±©B7 46+¯IHB&-&2²+°B74°%¬²6/7;¬ 4;°;²+© 91

1R! °2±2&-©+44 ¯;² -©:;44°2²!1 &4°2&°+¯9VX;721 °!/76« + ¯©8 7¯;©B467:;40;:;©+¯ 4/©+©¯H2/²+©°'Hn+ ²+°67<1/)66-+¯:¯; [ 4;°;²+© 1
R -44 ² !1 °2& ½; ©P 3
R -44² 5>1!°0-¯27;® R-¯B7;®
1R! °2±2&9©+1= ¯;4& 9©:©+;¯(1=&4°2& 4&©+¯(!1°+°2&¯9& 1 V?;726+°!/O«7¯ ¯;©B©BJ 77 0440::;;44©+©+¯9¯ /©/ ©HnHn²+²+°-°6+ 1 7<6/)+0¯I+¯OH2; °-[ ®>/7-7</O7;®4,2&+± %B7-72°%=&>/ B7 1
R 91=4& ©+¯(& !1 °2& ½; ©XP
R 91=&4©+¯(& 5>1!°6-¯B7;® R-¯27;®
+
M
M
,, ,
>
,7, +{
2°+¯ 4;°1°2&/O72°/2&+(«+* ¯;R6©8/ 7- 46L :R ;Ã258;±2©-H ¯;+©:¯ ;½%°2+ &;*°+¯9/O1 70%+¯¯Ë/'°+©+,%:$* %B7-74°%=&>/ 87
6 ,*
1!1!2°2° && 441=&;² ©+¯(<&R6/ R6/ Vr°XP+±4¯ Ve°XP+V ±4R ¯ '44V R² ;1=©;&4²8©-52¯(&° [ 4[ ©;²=52° [ [

±-±-5'5'&9&911 RR±2±2©+©+¯;¯;©::© ;; @ =441=&4² ©+¯(<&R / C<R6R2/ 44² R <R61=&;/ ©+¯(;u& 1 R6/ 1°% +

6+,
¯/7;¬* 11 2° H2& 2° &-«2°a(+B° 7* R1854- ¯L R%!2°58;B© 7'H 4+¯ H%2+ &-&2* ²+8°/O772°%¯%¬ ,+,*
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬ R <R R87 J HSR244² <R ;j1 ¯0!± 4©9/²

R87>1254B° 526° a² /;/:& R <R R87 J J

+
87</:&+¯ &($2° 252B° 52'° 0+¯Ã6² /O7;¬ ,7 087 3. 6+¯
R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 YR87 252°B52° 61 J . 3

aB° & =52B° 52° 9/; ° ² /O7;¬ ,7 6=7 & J

R87>1254°B52°6a² /;/:& R87 R87 J

B54¯ %!° 1
6+¯,* 1°2&
1+!2° & & %± 1¯ % (<+R * R VX72- L°!«R 2a58;®4H8° 7'+&6¯ +%+ * + /O7B° 7%¯ [ ,+,*

6+¯,* 1°2&
6° 1=&>/O742©(&>+/ *BR7 1 L R 258; H +¯ %+ * /O7%¯ ,+,*
1+!2° & & %± 1:7;¬ <R VX72- °!« a®48° 7'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

87-72° %=& / B7>1

6+¯,* 1°2& (+* R - L R 258; H +¯ %+ * /O7%¯ ,+,*
R87>1 2© &(&4© %:$ -©-®4B° 7'& R <R RB& %`± 1¯ % R

R87>1 2© &(&4© %:$ -©-®4B° 7'& R87 YRB& %± 1:7;¬ <R

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`± 1¯ % <R RB& %± 1:7;¬ <R

+
%
+1!°2&¯ (&-11 ±B°254& ¯ !° 1 B& `± '1¯ 258; +b¯ ©B&-&4© :$/O7 1 ¯B54¯ !°
6 ,* ( +* R - L R H %+ * % ,+,*

<R V R % % <R % % [
+

6+¯,* 1°2&
©-¯;:© ;½°2&a¯ /(1!©2(+& / *BR7 - L R 258; H 1+B¯ 54%¯+ %!*°61 /O7%¯ ,+,*

RB& %± 1¯ % <R 1!2° &±2©%¬;°2& 9/a° 303

+
%O$2(° 425n²-°° 4B° 7-& 1 6+¯ &($2° ©-®;°B7'& 1K)
6+¯,* 1°2& /2(+* R6/ - L R 258; H +¯ %+ * /O7%¯/'+,*

R87>1 2© &SR 1=&;©+(¯ & R6/ R(&+± R6/ 1=&;©+(¯ &

R87>1 2© &SR 5;¯;2© &>/ 87 R(&-± <R6/ 1=&!±

+
j M
9 I ,
±4®2¯6²KH2% ©;±2² ²7>2&1 </7 46!«*B& %`± B54¯ %!° /!²+°¬+*
1!1!2°2° && 7&>/;½« ° V JR=7>. J1 7!« [
±-R81!5'7>°2&&91 1 2©%`«(&WR7 4/!VeX°²+P-° V ±4RB&¯ R=%`7±R87!0S«!B«54RZM¯ %`RB%-«&>° 7'/;½41!°2X° &[ %` K«-±n7'² 42&X[</O7'46!«YR8& %`± 0854¯ %!° R /!²+°YR!¬ +
($2°±46¯ %!2° 4254¯;°<« /!²a² 7!Y
¯R87>1 ©2* &12° &J . ( K±2+²*2&R </-7L 46R 2!58«Q; «RBH &+H2%`¯ ±
°%'1+ %!©;*¯ ²+% ²+/O<7(°R 4%¯ 6,+R«>¯+,/O7©;*46²a²!« & %1 ±>/;18° 54¯R %!°6 1
6+,

+
8R87>7>11¯2©25(&W7 Ve°XP-±4¯ R 45 ¯;©B&>/ B7 [2 /O7>/(1:$
R
I%-;B":F2 ;}I&'KBP=9',/?"O46&:K¶4w4 6/'B½p.-,&=/:!:,/%!B'K.-@QOn:6/?"1;*VIts~'K.+141;:'K6D?".-12=

U
U,')* =:9

9#$%$'-> *13)$'/
C?6/I&=>848;:F%!:,/6r.-@QÅa04O4%12?"e'\3¼.-%,/B?"6rItÅF<s.+~p2Åa696D8;O4:\:%!=\')}I6/(!,9&:%68;5?C=D=>'´?"f@R.:E-:\6D:\%!.V,126/n=&8;:Q:6/84 de%!<1+6>6D+:%!Åa,/1 1;6D: :\!6%`'- .-:\414,9w!%=/6Dv*-?":6/IE04&6Dm2:\8;B"=¨: ?C=&.!84p4@R%-m2=&:\B":%-1;146/.5,9=%!@R6/1484.-=D%!p,/:\6&:E,9@A=6/84I.+%-&=D1Y68;:&.!pQ%`6/!It84:\:Es,9%~m2*-Bg:}:EO46/%!69,9,/')%!%-(!1414:=D6/=ep=p:\:,/69,/:\%!=3<(+:?Cm2141;B"3*:

?C6/1584:t=DB"de.1+q6D:=D,/691;%!:\,/6´6´?CO4=´8469%-,/%-=D:-14}I=9@A&?"8;6D:\6/=/:\:&35m2+B"ÅQ:\=!%!:,/,D:&ÅRpXB",/.-:\1;Ìa*F0;:\mn1+Bg:6/=BgÅQ}I&'%!8;Bg"::\=DC3 :G-%!@R,/:t?"'':%!4Bg":\3 a04!,9:O4B":\,/O4?"=/84?C1;%-*!1+B"6/Å e= +48;¨x.qs:\6r!Å;:O;, ?C'+%@AB½.+3;=D?C6´=D696/,D,9?C%450;6/'>?g.+?C11

6/%`82!%:,/6t%!3;*!::<=/'\.!,Dpt?Cn\:\ =>F69l# 8;/:FIm2&B":8;:Q=/?g@Af\:<:?C3;=>?C%!6/1Y84: .p´~%!698;,/::R6/.m2Bg:V =/?gf\n:Aq&?C?g=F698M%!,/=9.-8402%!14On3 : O4;%-j ,/<%-@A+Åa:\6D6D::= ,. pw-v2´:\6r%!qs12:\3¼:\1b,/:Kp :\,/%-:\14123 'K:\=G 69\8; :\ ,/:%-?C>1 14/3
t.-6D:h6/84%!6A%ª~%-,D:\6D.ª3;?C=D69,D?C40;6/?g.+1q&?g698@R:\%-1\ <-Åa6/:\=<%-143%M@R:\3;?C%!1 =D?"f:5.!p ;j <+Åa6D:=<3;:Km1;:\=A%

~3;?C%!=D,/69:,D?C6/4.R0;346/?"?g.+=/6/1^,/?".2p0;?C6D1+?".-6D:1h,/%-q&,/?g,/69?g8ª%!=/B826/%!?"On@R:E:=&O2%!.,9p¨%!1;@R::q6/:\'K,.+141;/ :\'6D?"$g.-14vA=%-?C14=3hpX,/q&:\Ìa?g690;8ª:\1+%R6/Bg@RÅh?C6/1;%!?C@(!:\041h@ 6D.V=D?"nf:E:F.:K¶4pO2!.+w+1; :\<1+6/+?"Å+%!6/B :\=\I&84:

.p¨6/de841<:F696/8;,9?C%!=´14+=9:\@R'?"6D=9?"=D.-?"1<.-1hq:&3404=/,982%%6/B"?ga.+O21 ,D;:.=D:p1-6/68;q:<%`1aÅ;04=@A6D2.F:=/,&?"@A.p0;B".-%!1;6D*-:.!=/?C841;.-*R,/6'.-=/14:\=914=D:\?".-'K6/12?g=.+14%!=&12%!3<126D3h.F69@R8;:F:\%-6/=/8202,D,D.+:s0;6/*-8;84:&O23;0;?C6=D69,D?C40;6/?g.+1
=9+84Åb%!,/6/ ?"8;14:^: *^=/O4%o82%!%,9'KB"%!.+@R@Q'K.+:@A6/14:\.+=D,T?C1Y3; :nt,>.!.;%V6/3;6D1;B": :\:N1;6r:q') .-(M,9(V1;?C1.;q&3;.+?":56/048o,<%-1469:8;3Y¶;: %-%o@Q=9%!'O;@R.-Bg@Q:h:<@R?g6D6A.+.-O2?"1 =R.-Bg3;v'.-:\9*!=/Å76D?CIt%-14=&%s6/6/~?g84.+:<1=D.+VI.-041;&,/:F'8;:\?C:V1o=A1a|¨%!04,/?g*+:7@ 04nO4,/:\%!:F,E,92%!.!@R;ps:\=/6D.-=/:\:04,/-,9?"f:\'K:\,9:%3=GBP?"14=/=E.-.*-04q
?g,9-'K+:\:Å1 =
6rqq:R.^3;O4:%-mn,/1;%-:V@R%^:6D1;::,/qu=\G|}6/8;I:V~=/.-%!04O4,9O4'KBg:Q?C'%!1;6D.;?"3;.-:51 %!12N3¼:qÊ698;It:Vs=D:~=/=/'K?g.+.+1¼141;1a:04'K@A6D?".-212:,G=GpX%-,D,/.+,/@£?"!: 6/84%-%!''K6<.+1;,/34.;?"3;1;:!*hR|6D2.o.+,E%7:\~}%-.-')?"8¼=9=/It.-1ªs~O4,/.;%'K*-:\:\=91+=\6
:G=984%B"6/8;:,D:p.-,/:>*!:1;:\,9%6/:>6/8;:En:*!?C141;?C1;*A.p1;:\qIts~'K.+141;:'K6D?".-1704=D?C1;*A:K¶4O2.+1;:\1+6/?"%!Bg"ÅV3;?"=/6/,/?C40;6D:3
,9%!143;.+@%!,/?"%-;B":\=\
.\p}@Q=/=\I&?gf\8;:< Y:Qw!:<!2-.-0446D=/6/:F}xBg:>6/1;84B":\: ').-(ot6/8;:B"?qË:12,(o>?"12?":=EO41;0;%!.Q6>=9!=9B"04:\? 12,9@R=/(+?g:\=>.+3ª156/846/q&.^%!6}?"6/ne8o:A.!?C%Q.!1^p @R6/8;%¼?C¶;=&?"4@AB"O4? 1404= (^@ 6D84.oq&%`-84?C14:E%`3;!2.:R%!qË14%73;=D3;?"q&f:\:E?CB"3;%`.69Åo8hp ..!pN-p!\2@Q!=E%!M1443¼O26D=>.o%!8414%`3o!%V:R3;%7:\ÌaB"%`0;Å7:\04.: p
@Q%!,9=D,/:?gI&'%&I8;B:E&,9%`8;%!6/?C=t:V:,/@R.%!p&*!:\:>%-=D:146/=/?"=&@R=/?"69.-:F8414%2=E6N:\?C6r.-= qs1^:\6/4:\8;1h:Rh66/%`8;D!:F?C:@A%-,/%!,/:,/*!= ?g:N%!B".a=s;34.: p¨NR11; ;:q:q>q It8;=/?Cs:\')=98~=D?"*!.-=/:\?"12!=9=>:=D?"=F%!.-,912?",D1 =s?"!.+%!:F604%!,<:6>%!''):\%-85%-=D'):ª148^.a1434w!.aw2:G34?Cw-:=wh?C=D17=/.7:\.+=96/=D0484?",%!.-6>12:K¶4= 6/8;%!=D@Q: :'*!O;B"B".-:N 4a%!j: B
*!:1;:\,9%6/:t=/:\=9=D?".-14=´q&?g6987,9%!1434.-@
=D?"f:Nq&?g6987%A@A:%!1V.!p\ <-Åa6/:\= !q&?"6/85~%-,D:\6D. 34?"=/6/,/?"20;6D?".-1Vq&?"6/8h=/82%!On:
M

j4
!j;}I&8;:F*-Bg.+4%B,9%6/:G.!p*-:\1;:,/%!6D?".-17.p4?g69=&?"=>6/8a04=
\w-w $ w!w \ D oH / $ v+ $
:N=/::&6/82%6´698;:N,9%6/:&.p*!:1;:\,9%6/?g.+1R.pP;?"6/=s?"=´B"%-,D*-:\,¨6/82%!1V698;:tn.!6D6/Bg:1;:\')(Q'\%!O4%-'K?"6rÅ!=/.<q:t=/82%B"2:K¶4On:\'6
%51;:\'6r.-qs1;.+*-,/:\( =/6D ?"%.-6&1ª69O48;8;:<:21;.-.-6D@R6/Bg::1;1;.-:\1ª')(h6/Ì+.h04%-:\O40;O2B: :/%!,\s.+G 1;.*!q:=D:6/-?g.+:\17, nq&It?"sBg~6/8;84:%-,D:=tp.-698;,/:E:A%-'\O4%!OnO4%-:\%!'K?",6rÅh?C1^6/.7.!69%`8;!:\.-,?"p3ª.+,/'@Q.-1;=&*-69:\84=/%6D?"6&.-q1o:F?C1ª=/846/%!84Bg:
=/::!
1;% .-,/65½:\'\.-041;\,/B"=/Å ?"! ?":ª1 O4O4,/%-.a¦')'(_Y:\:\346502,D=D:69W %6D'\?C=/%_a6DB"^?Cg':=7n3 ¾N2!T\0;I_a6h:\T=/T\%!6B"½=/.69T ?"841%6^de=/1o:\')=98;6/=/8;?g:\.+:R')1 (a'K=R.-=/6/1+p%!.-6/6D,7:K?C¶;=D:\6/6&%-?"'\.')=8pd=9=/8;:\e.-1=9,/=/6t?g69.+8;It1:¼sq>14~84=h:=/O4:\6/84=9,/=D.!:\?"*-,5.-,914?"%!67=>@ qs84%-:<qs=5:¼%-,D::F=914843;?C%!1+:\Bg6D3PG:\I,/3;:\:K=/&mn6D:14843 ::
6/O484,/:\.;1^'K:\qs3204:F,DO4:Q,/?C'1-%!6&BgC=G?C1o?g69%!=D1h:\B p.-0;:\69%-O4')0;8M64m2"RB": =/:\' 698;?C=E?"=F=/:6E?C1M6/84:R%-,D?C%!;B"G: 6D?C@R: / d p%h'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+1¼84%-=G:\143;:3
F 6/8;:<'.-141;:'K6/?g.+17?C3;:\1+6/? m2:,/ = s%!14 3 q>8;:\,/:
6=/6/%!1237p.+,6/8;: -698^'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+15pX,/.-@z1;.;3;: e
F 6/8;:<=/6/%-,D6&%!1237:143^6D?C@A:F.!p6984%6>'.-141;:'K6/?g.+1

F 6/8;:F6984,D.+0;*-82O40;6.p6/84%!6>'K.-121;:\'6D?".-1
F 6/8;:<=/?gf\:E.p6984%6&69,/%-14=Dp:\,?C1^+Åa6D:=
pI&.!8;B" :<.q>O4=,/.;69'K8;:34:>04.+,/0;:N6/O4698;04:\6¨1om2Bg3;:&:q&mn1;?"B :\n=&n%-:N1;LG.!690;8;6:\14,&=\nÏ:*-.F?"12')1;8;?"14:\')*R( .!q>p8;69,/:%-69148;:\=Dp,´:\%G,%=/:\p6/=9:\=/,&?g.+%Q1A,/84%-%-14=}3;:\.+12@3;:\6D3 ?C@R-qs:!:>}de021^=D:&6/8;698;:<:>=9'K'.+,/?C@RO;6@Q6/%-8414%!3 6

/(
*V RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R 1!2° &Ã© %¬ [ L L V R8& %`>± 1¯ % R6/ R 1!B° & ;X© P 1!° X[+'*

1.;p¨:'K.-6Dxt14?".-*!1412.!.!=?C6/1;84pX*Q,/:\.-,&'K@
.+,/:\14:'1;%!02:\'),/'8V=/6D?g?"-1;.-:G.;143;=O2: ,DpX.;,/.-'K=/@z:6D34.+,D041;:,/.;3V:F3;?"' : 1h%2B"%<:\ -"3 :\I&!'K8;6/'K.-:F.+,o04O41++,/6D.;|¨'K1+:\B"6/.32=eq>04<=,Dq>A:F8;?"84=&.+%-=D02=:=D6r:-qs3h6/.V856/.VO4:\Bg%-:04,/@ROn%-32@R:\%1+:6D6s6D: :',/.-6/=\8;,93 ,D:<:1a=/?COn1404.-3@A14Q232%!:=14,6D3 ..Ap}-6/%!=D8;?"'K:E*-6/1 ?g1a-204:FI@ 'K&n.-841:\:,
?C143 ¼?"123;?"'\%6/:\=Aq>8;?"')8 =D.+04,/':71;.;3;:^?"=R'K.+14'K:,/12= I&8;: -=D?"*-1 M?"1434?"'\%6D:=R6D.¼698;:oO4,D.;':\3404,/:5q>84%!6 6/.
3;O4.n,/.;G'K?":\6E32?"04= ,D:h7%q>6<8;69:8;1b:h%^n:'\*-%?"B"14¨14:\?"141;34*Y= .-%!, 143:\14A3q>.!84p>:\%¼1 'K?g.+6F14n1;::*-'K?"6D14?".-=\1PVIMI&&8;:\8;=/:h:VO4O4,/%!.;,9'K%!:@R3404:\6D,/:\:7,9=G%BC%!=D,/.M:Q'\02%=DB":=A3¼?"6/q>=/8;:Bg:pt1YO2'\:%,DB"?"g.;?C3;1;?"*o'\%6/B"84gÅ:
qO4%-%,/6/%-')@A8Q:\26D:E%,s-6914843R%6&?g6?C=&698;O4:\%-1V=/=/O2:\,D3^?C1+=/6/84=}.-690;8;BC:t3o1a204:<@ 1;n:\:\?g,´698;.:\p,E%!F'6D1;?"!.+:>,&' %!Bg Cq=}:<?C1+=D6D:\. 6&%G?g6>m2%-B": =& w's/.+141 6/@, /}I.<3;.<6/82%6 +6/84|: !=/?g*+1
½\ `¦_ P_;_ de1698;:b6/'BEO2,D.-*-,9%!@ 6D.'K.-@R: tq: O4,/:\=/:\1+6^%!1%!Bg6/:\,914%6/?g-:¼q%`Å6/. 34.
Ìa'K.+0;@Q:\04@R:A%-@R1434.-=1;?"6D.+,D?C1;* n@R.-,/: =/.-O48;?C=/6D?C'%6/:\3o6984%!1ª698;:A@R:\6/8;.;3ªq: =9%`qË?C1Y+:'K6/?g.+1o2 w4 :A04=/: %!*-%?C1o6/84:
1!2° & 09/!²+° V R87>1 ;87</:&+6¯ 252B° 54° R R V±2B° 7 252B° 54o° . &;¯M« [ J . J 3 [
V R87 1² /O7;¬ R R [ 252B° 546° 1!:© ;4±n²+6° B& /;0° 85-&
:>'K.-04B"3Q8;.q:-:\,¨3;:B":6/:&6/8;:>=/:\'.-143RB"? 14:!de14=D6/:\%-3A.!p½,/:\=/6/,/?C'K6D?C1;*E6D.F6984%6'.-@Q@Q%!143 qs:&q.-,9(F3;?C,D:'K6/BgÅ
q&?C1?"6/%¼8QO46/84,/.;:N'K%:6/346/04,/?",/2:70;'6D:%!=Bg":\.3 p69-8;,D|: :'K!.+@R,/3.+o1;?g6/69.-84, % 6AÌa0;?"=R:0;,/: :\G'02q>,/=/8;?g?C-'):8VB"Å 84%`'\-%:B"g:n3b:::15-3;:\,/:Å =/'\2,D?C2+:jª3Q=D?":17'Y|a:\2'K.-6/?g,A.+1Q:K¶42%-@Rw4ÏO4&Bg: 8;?Cq=}?":h=sO23;,D.-?C141+:6
6/3;84::hO4%!04,/=/6/:\043,/:\2=¨%!?C1V143;%Eq&6D?C?C3;@R698:>:\.Onp>.;69')8;8V:h+ÌaÅ 0;6/:840;:>: :\On?".;1 ')8R<32+Å+046/,/:\%!=A6D?".-O21:,At=/:\.-'6D.-:&1469>3 84G%6?"1+696/8;.¼:t%ª@Rm2.-B"14:h?g6/+.-Å, Ìa3;0;?"a:?"0;3;:&?C1;(*Y::6/O48;=}:^69,/1+%-02')@ (Fn.:\p,A6/84.: p

6D..-p6/3;%!:\BO41a%-04,D@ 6904n,/:\:\,=G.!?"1Yp¨%-%^,/,/6D?g?C-@A:\3^:Q+:O2Å+.;6/:\')=8 ?C1^ %!6/148;3 : 1;%!.-6D6G69,D34?C4020;,D6/?C1;:T*^H'4;6/8;°!:Q±2©+:\¯21+&(6/54?",/¯;:R°6=/1 ?C2@ Pd0;eBC1^%6/.+?g.+,/3;1¼:34,046D,9.5%6/'?g.-.+04>1 1+ 6.-q1;:QB"Å784%`69!8;:A:<6D1a.ª04@ ,D:n=D:\:\,6

6/84:F`%!B"04:G.!p H 4;°!±2©-(¯ &(54¯;° 1 <%66/8;:F:143^.p¨:\%-')871;:\qË'.-@QO40;69%6D?".-1h.p¨6/84:<4%!1434q&?"3;698

J?SQI \:ZU z P, ] WuR0\OWX]:UU U^S}_IQR,Zd'LsJXR0U^R0WaVXLOZ:U^q*Wa]lJuUgx:IQJ?Z*R0VXZ:IQ\=Pu]OR,ijIQnZ:IQIQN:]OZ:mOJ?p \(J>]Ov SQII 2ZU^V?W,U,h@ZIQZ%JuPî_\Om:IQZP JX\*U^VXP,WjR0WXReUJ]OIU2W?U^\=V?U,R0ZSQ8JuxBZ:U _@R0]:x:U^SQWuUuSQJXI U,_YW W?IQJ?Z%m:]OJX\:L%U J?d\:R0UPgJ>]:U^J?\=NBReU^JuZ:]Oi<U,U ZOP,P,UKR0Z|_ d2R0JXSQWX\O_YU m:N8W?UÛV d J?_\:VXU3q N:R0V?Z:_P^pUuV R0_qZ*JXdE\:_UV
j M
9 I ,
1!°2& 7>1 VX72°« 6/;65n²+©B&+¯ [

($2°+¯;°©+¯a° 1° 4°+¯;©a² 1B54¯ %°61 1:$2©+¯9/O7;®©IH2&-&4²+°B72°%`¬²6/O7;¬
©B7 4Ã©1'/7;®2²+° 4;° 1=&>/O72©B&>/ B7*. ($2°6/¯ 7-5B; H2°-¯ /(1 ® / 4°B7 H &($2° ±2©-¯;©:;9&4°-¯ 6(4;°H

.. 000

00000
000000 ) 3.(.-. 0(4;°XH
.
6(;4 °H 000

1!°2;;& °X°XP-P- 5-&&& !//!V²-²-±2°°°B«>«>7 !//!²a²a5'²,²,& %%.X7>BB7'7'1 ;&&;«©9©9[/O/O77 &(&(2$$2°° 7-;& 58¯a;©B7>H2°+1 ;¯°-¯ &>%/;½B7(°72°%=&>4 /(B/(7>;1 °+¯;°B7-&
%B7-74°%=&>/ 87>1
1!°2 ±4& °B7 87-&(W72$ °V;!±2¯;°B©7%°' 87-!/ 7*²+° . ;& ¯ « [
1!°2& &6 V!±4°B7
B5'&%. &a¯ « [
R87>1 ;& ¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB6&
2°&(2$ °Ia4 H2°©B7/O27-4 «>° /=&24(4$&(¯;$ °a©B°47 Ë4 !/ ²²-6°61-1 !1 &(° 2$1 ©2&©2& «<&2/ 2$²a°² H2H°2&-52& !1²-°(°B274 °& %¬ . ;& ¯;©%° &22$ ° 225 °B25 ° 1'/ ;°
1!!1 °2°2&& 9XH+1-«/;° VV!!±2±2°8°877 225225 °B°B5225 °°KHa1'«*/;. ;&°o¯ .X&;¯ «« [[
!1 °2& 4²61=& V!±2°87 225 °B25 °a²61=&%.X;& ¯ « [
!11!°2°2;4&& °W /O7>VV R8R8/O7>7>;7 ®11 77&(4$22;44;° °° &[[ ±;²-®
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R SR H e;j1 ¯6!± 4©6!/ ²
R87> 1 245 °B25 °6a² /;/:& R SR J J J
!1 °222& 5B5B;;6H2H22;4°-°-¯¯°XH,, ;1 B²45!«>¯ 1%!° ±21 °+¯ 1854¯ %!° 724;°
!1 °2& 258; H2°+¯ ²!«>1 3 J
62;4 °61 ©B7 Ã 4 ²6/;7 ¬ 1 4 °XH + * /7 %¯
+*

6+¯,* 1 °2 & (+* R - L R 62;

1!°2& R V R87>1 724;° [
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R <R R J J H 0;j1 ¯0!± 4©9/ ²
R87>
+
1 245 °B25 °6a² /;/:& R <R R J J J
B45 ¯ %!° 1 ©B7 4 °61=& /O27 ©2&>(/ B7>1
6+¯,* 1°2& /2(+* R6/ - L R 624;°XH + * /7%¯/4+*

6+¯,* 1 °2
!11!°2°2&& && %%±>± &1 ¯1:7;% ¬ R6(<+R6/ / *R RR - L VX27R V?722°«58°!;«aH2®4a°+®4°B¯ 7'°B7-&²&6+!+«> 1 + + *;9°!/O«47;/O7¬M¯;%[°8¯7 X
[ +,*

RB& %±>1 ¯ % R6/ R !1 °B & «>/O7 64 !« J J J

+
+
M

j!w

++¯¯87-72°11°2°2=&&& / /2B7>((1 ++** R6R / -- LL RR 62582;4;H2°X°+H¯ + ²*!«>/1 7+ %¯*/4/O7+%¯ *
+,*
6 ,*
%
887>7>11 ©22© &(&(&4&4©© %:%:$$ --©-©-®4®4°BB° 7'7'&& RR <RBR &/ %`± RB'1&:7;%`±¬ 1<¯R %/ <RR / R
6 ,*
R

87>1 87-72° %=& R8& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R RB& %`± '1:7;¬ <R / R
R
R %
+

++¯¯
% 11B°254& ¯ /!° 1 6/ 24;° / 7 ¯/
2(+* R - L R 6 XH + * % 4+*
(&-1±°2& 6/ 8& `±>2158¯ ; 2°+6¯/ ² !«>Y1 2© &-&4© /O:7$ ¯1 854¯ !°
6 ,*

6 ,* (+* R - L R H
1!°2& +
+ * %
<R R V R % % <R R
+,*
% % [

1R-!¯2°27a&®°B27¯2 7a°+®¯a1!°a©2 &°(4+VX72¯9J°!1 « 6 +¯ ¯;[ ©B7 40:; 1'/;° /!²-°61K.

!1 °2& ¯2a7 ® VX72°!« [
R-¯2a7 ® !1 °a°(4 J
!R1 °2 &©B7 1!W64°B&O;VX27© +°/O7'«® 4& °+©BJ¯a7©+. 46¯aJ ¯:;3/ 4;©+©;¯² /&>©KHn/;½²+°°'+ P+± =72°87'&;& ¯;/©B©;7>²K1([ ;°+¯91 ©B&°a©%:$1B54¯%!° /

R 5>1 °6-¯2;7 ® R!¯2;7 ®
!R1 °2 & ©B97 /64;9O° ; / ;1!°B1'° &Ë/ ;VX47©°a°!«® ©B 7J!/ 64J²+°JO;J1 4&©+¯ / a&©¯;Hn©B²+7>°'1@+ ;j/:©-&¯;°B6& [

R 9/ ;° !1 °B& 1O2$ ©!±2°2j. 3

R 9/ ;° 5>1 °6-¯2;7 ®QR-¯2;7 ®
2°;¯a¯ 7/ !;«©;² ;41 °/O47 °!1 °6&(1(2$1'°I/ BH27>°-1 ®>6/O7(;7<²a²/O;7«® &© /½; 9°61/21-1 B7 ;& ±;¯;¯6©87>%!1 ;°6°+1(¯61K1 . ©B7 4 &($2° &;¯a©B7>1 ;°-¯ 1'/;°61

6+¯,* 1 °2& 2
01 +°2&¯,&*/ 1!°2(V &+R=7>*1 R67 /(!+,- «L [*R R62;4- L°XR2H 5B+ ; *H2°-¯/7 %²¯!« 4/1+ +** /7%¯2+*
!11!°2°2&&!1 °B&& B&(7Ve4$°%=P+°I& ±4<H4¯YR6°-/ ®>RB&/OR 7- ZW7> /O;7R8V &R® &> /½;4©;°²845° [ 47[ °XP-& ;& ¯;©B7 1 ;°+¯'+¯6:;1 B45 ¯%!° /

j M
9 I ,
!R81 7>°2&1!1°B&9©2&/&(;4$R° ° BR671-/ /%: &;R ° <R6 / Ve °XR 27P- ±4°X'P-¯ & RV ;&(R &+ ¯;±©87>9<R61/;;/ °°+ ¯R ; a©; ¯6²852:1!;°8° 7[ 4[1B5;R ¯9%!/;° ° / <R6/ R
a5 ±';4 ©2&4& ° R &( 4$B7° %=7-& 58<; R6H2/ °+ ¯R ' 4%B²5(«>7'&1 ²«>C1 R6/
6
R87>1 ©2S
++

;°XP-& /(1 ©¯a°%:45 ¯91-/ 4° ±4¯0%!°(42;5 ¯;° &(2$ ©B& %O2$ °%¬ 1 0+¯°a©%:$ !1 °61(1'/ B7«-$4°2&($2°+¯
!1/:(&Ë°2& $4©2©6/O7%1 B&(7(°B72$27 4;°°°(%=44o&>©+(/ .¯B(7/ $2©K2$Hn°©6²+±4°1 ¯6°B @7'&%!;4°2/½;42°(544°¯; &(° 2$ . °8%7©;²a«4² °1 ±4/:&9¯91!/O7'°;&²/O7°a©&(%:2$$ °J . !/ ²+°Y1!°R% 5'&(& $</21 /(1

&($2°
%87-72°%=& / B7/=4a°B7'&>/(9/°+¯91 /©B7'4

&(2 $$ °° &(1=;$;& ¯6©+¯(B;5Ã& ®(©B+$ 7±-45'& °B74 &>&(2$/;° °!1 °1-1'&2/ 2$B7° % B7-27 °%:&>/ B7

&(2

&($2° 1'/;° &2$2° &;¯;©B7>1(;°+¯ /O7YH-&4° 1

©B7 4 «2°4245 ¯(&(4$ °+¯ ;4 ° /27 °©B7 2&22$ °+¯ H2°-® /O7-7</Oa7 ® ;& ¯;©B7 1 ;°+¯©24& °+¯©¯;©B7 64 O; &>/;½°o.
±4®2¯6²KH2% ©;;² °61=
&B7 *0%=&+&* %`±>1 ¯% 9/ ;° 6(a4 °XH 25B; H2°+¯ ²!«>1 7 1 (-& ± 5-& & %`± 1:a7 ¬ 9/a°
1!°2& &>/;½° J/ . ( +* R6/ L R 62;4 °XH + * /7 %¯4/ +*
6+¯,* 1 °2& 2

6+¯,* 1 °2 & (+* R -- L R 258; H2°+¯ ²!«>1 + */O7 %¯

+,*
2° 7 !« %:2$ °%¬ (/ &(2$ ° ;& &¯a©B7>©%1 ¬;X[°-¯ L L/('1 V RB& 4%`°+±>¯ 1 ¯ % <R / R !1 °2& ½; ©XP 1 ° X[+ *

(/ ,*V RB& %`±>1 ¯ % <R6/ R !1 °2Ë

/(
*V RB& %`±>1¯( % <&(R62$ / ° R ;& ¯; ©B71!°21 &Ã;°+©¯ %¬/2[41 .X;L °+J ¯+ * «2° ±4¯ /O7-Ã& ¯a°;²+° 4©87'& /O7 0+¯=½; ©2& / B7 /7 R 5'&
±Ve°X-P+5-±4&¯ I1 <RR 95'/&;° R6R6// RR 6 !B& BR+ B 7J J%:&J
<R6 / V °X P-R ±4 ¯ !8& V R=V 7>°X1P-±4 7¯ !« V [R=7>[,1 Y7 !R « [B7[6!B%=&& ! <R6/ R [6!B&MR 6/;° <R'/ R
%85-7'& ²!«>1 R6/ J
RB& %`±>1 ¯ % <R6/ R ¯;°6!1 °2&
RB& %`± 1:7a¬ <R6/ R Y¯;°61!°2&

R87>1 ©2W & Ve°XP-±4¯ V R87>1 7 !«M[ Z RB&>/½; ° [ 4°61=&

++,+,+
+
6+¯,* 1 °2
+
1!°2& 7-& &1 <R ( +J * R - L R 62;4 °XH + * /7 %¯
+*
(©6$21° ©2;5-²a7² %=«<&>//O7;B7® ¯;°%:54& ¯6/;½1'°o/ 4. ° ±;©¯6%O$%!J°(4B. 54 ¯;°/:&5a±'±;4;¯ ©2/O7'&4&°611 &2&2$2$2°°:; 7-5B/O;7'H2&°-Y¯R B7-7*% B.7-(72$>°/(%:&>1 / B7>1
6
/(1 40/7ÃB72«-° $>H/%:$ %!©;%!©6²a²61°/7;&2® $2&(°$2° B/O±47 ¯64 Y%!±2°(©-42¯;54©:¯a;½° °2«<&;°+/:&(¯ $ 46&2a$2° °1 7 =21'&/`®(±n7 ²+ ¼© ±4Ã©+¯;©©:;½¯6 ;°B&4²+°°+¯ .° (B$252°©;²
±4a¯6¯6:;%!°2421 45B;5¯;¯° %!°/21 / ©;°B²'71 49
1 %!H©;Ë²a²+©6°241-1'H/ ®(7<&2/O2$;7 °® &(42$°6°1=& 8±41'¯6/`®27%!°( ¼42±254©+¯a¯;° ©O;½«-$2°2&4°B74°+°¯ 4J°+¯ ©2-¯%«-B7($472°B7°%=&>/(B7
/:&YH4°-®>/O7>1 HÃ©61-1'/`®27</O7;® /O& / /(1±4©61-1!°(4 &2$4¯6B5;®2$ &($2° B/O7 4 4©+¯ /©KHn²+° 3.
±4®2¯6²KH2%©;²% B5- 7'7'&9& 1 ²!B«>7-1 7 * 6(/O74;4° XH1'/ ®(27 +,*
!1 °2& 7>1 V 9/;6n5 ²+©26& +¯ /O7>1:4& ©B7 %!°X[

M

j-j
+ +°;°;²² 1!1!°9°/)*/(
* * R R'1-1'/`®(/`7(® 7L LLL J +,+* *1!°21!&°2& 7'7-&9&1 1 <R6<R6/O7'/74 4 Ve°XVr°XP-P+±4±4¯Y¯ R R 7'7-&9&1 1 <R6<R6/O7'/74 4 Z [ [

±-5-1&2° &1'81:75B;B72J°«n²6/O72°IR B7-7 cV R87>1 7!«M[

!8&

0+,
±-¯1!5'2° &9&* 1!142°1:58&=;7B72Ve°°!(P+«2+,±4²6Y¯*/O72R R° -1:58RL ; RB67-Z(74;R° 7-HR &+ 7'1 &*<R1 /O7R [%¯
!8& +, *

-±+ 5'R87& 11I2©R & B7-Ve7° P+±4 ¯R 1O5BV ;R87> 1 7« [QZ J . [ %B5-7-& ² !« 1

+0+

±4¯6°% /O729°/O7<®2©/(²1:$
H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 5&6±; 6¯ 91'%!(°/;4B54° ¯;X° Ha« 4² 61:&

R87 1 ;8² 5>1:$ 8&;¯;© %!°

%-² 1!°YR 91'/a°
%-² 1!Y °° RR X4Ha² «61:&
%-² 1!Y
P4°%:5-&4° Pa®;¯;©±-$ & 4 /(1`±n²-© &($2° 252°852° 1'/;° B52°B52° H2©87 4-«</=42&($©B7 4Ë²61(1 ¯;©2&4°
X° P4° % P+®;¯;©!-± $ B52B° 526° 1-/;o ° '¯ . &a!4¯ ®40°!®4:;° :2° ;½&;¯2° &;¯ J J PJ J PJ J J BJ & B& <H2B© 78544->«B° 52/=°4(&($1'/ a°P 8P1!° %- 81!1° %-1 Ha±> 1 ±2©+%®¬4°2«-& $<1/: &4&°

X° P4° % P+®;¯;©!-± $ B52B° 52° H+* « . ;

&
°XP4°% P+®;¯;X°©!±-P $/:& B52J °B52°;²61=&%. &a¯4!®4°:;½°2&;¯ J J P J J B& ©%¬;°2& 1² 1=& P 81!°%-1 )±2©%¬4°B& 1

&
&
+
1!V °2R87& 109² /!/O7;²+¬° R V R8/ 7> R1 ;[/ 8 7<2 52/:&°B54+°6¯6 21!52©:;4°B±n54°²+°6RB& /R;°085-&V±2°B7 252°B54°o. &;¯«M[ J . J 3 [
±4®2¯6²(K2$H2% °©;¯a² 6°7>;%+²a1 ¯-²04«< *!//O+,7;²-°® * ±49¯61'/ ;%!°2° 4254XH+¯;«° ¯a;°²6%+1=&¯-461 252°B52° 1-/;° H2©B7'4-«</=4(&2$©B7 4Ã²61(1 ¯a©2&4°
!11!°2°2&& 7&>/½;« ° V JR=7>. J1 3 7!« [
±4H2¯©B7/O7'4-«>& /=&(4(4$&(°2$%O/457 ¯a¯;R °BHa7-«& 225©B7°B254 ° &($21-°/ ;²° /O1-71¯;R 9©2&41'°/ a°/O7 &(R 2$4°
² %:1-541 ¯+¯;°B7'& 5>1°(4
±-±-R 5'5'0&9&9911!/ ²+RR° 9XHa/O1'7>«/ ;1:&° 4©+ R8R8¯ 77±2!!«W«W©-¯a¯ VeVe°X°X/ P-P-4±4±4©a¯Y¯Y² 1 RRK±±2H '4;©+;4¯+°±2¯°!±2©+/ 4©+¯(¯2&(©;&(5;²'45¯;1 ¯;°60°61 R
1 ±';4'+H °a4±2 ¯0©-J !¯2 ±>&(6a51+XCH¯;RB&>°61/a4;°!°X±2[R©+±- ¯(a4 &2¯645¯;± °61 X[1 ± a4 ¯0!±>1
!±-1 5'°2&&91 H a4R 4°!±2²©+6¯(1=&2& 45 ¯; R8°67 1 !«WJ Ve°XP-±4¯YR± a4 ¯0!±>1 -+ RB&>/½; °X[
R87>1 ©2&WVe°XP-±4¯ R87!« ZMRB&>/;½°X[ \¯;°%+¯-4
+
8R87>7>11 ©2©2&& JJ .. JJ , \¯a 4°°6%+1=&¯-4
R
R87>1 ©2& J . 3 % B5-7'& ²!«>14
R87>1 ©2& J /O7>/(1:$

R87>1¯25(7

I%-;Bg:Fn w2}I&'KBP=9',/?"O;6&=98;.-,/6/I&'\O 6/'KBPp.-,&=98;.-,/6&Its~'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+14=

j v M
9 I ,
&
I ;
8
: a
1 4
0 A
@ 2

:
,
. ;
p D
=
: /
= /
= "
? -
. 4
1
= -
* \
: ;
1
: /
, !
% D
6
: 3 jw!On:\,P=/.-02,/':84?C14=/02,D:3N6984%6%!,9,D?"%BC=2pX,/.-@Ã%B"!1;.;3;:=P'K.+1-6/?"1a0;:3
6D?"B P 6/8;:F8;::15143^,/02.14p¨1;6/?C8;1;:F*<=/6/?"84@A:G0;=9BC'%,/6D?"?"O4.-612qs= :N.-;69%?C1Q6/8;:EÌa0;:\04:t=D?"f:N?"1 <-Åa6/:\=´%-143V?C15O4%-')(:69=´%-=´3;:O;?"'6D:3V?"15|?"*2
2 H4 :^%!B"=/.¼,9%!1BC%6/:\,R6/8;:o=/?"@A0;B"%!6D?".-1q&?"6/8%Y,/:\3204'K:31a04@ n:\,R.pA\w!¼=D:=/=/?g.+14= On:\,Q1;.;3;: ´%!1236/84:
Ìa0;:\04:<=D?"f:E?C1 <+Åa6D:=%!143^?C1Ô2%!')(:\6/=%!=&34:\O;?C'K6/:\3^?"1^|¨?"*2}2 {4

3000 1400
2500 1200
1000
2000
800
1500
600
1000
400
500 Kbytes 200 Kbytes
packets packets
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
|Ï&?g'*+OP04,/69:>'KB 2 H4 G0;:\0;:N=D?"f:&p.+,698;:t:¶;%-@QO;Bg:t?"15=98;.+,D6 |Ï&?"'\*-O04,/6/:>'KBnq>{28; :\G,/:E0;qs:0;:E:tB"? =/@R?gf\?":&6>p6/.-8;,´:<6/8;1a:N04@A:K¶42%!:@Q,O;.p}B":>=D?C:15=/=/=/?"84.-14.-,/= 6

G :,D:F%-,D:E=D.+@R:G.+4=/:\,/`%!6D?".-14=\
-&deÌ+104:\20;.-:6/38bIm2&*+8404?"=},/:\@Q= %`Å698;=/:7::1a@u04@ =D69n,/:\%-,A1;*!.: p>O4=D?C%-14')'(::\6/%E=<It%!s6<~6/8;O4:^%-Ìa')(0;::\6}0;:784%-?"=}= %EB"%-=D,D?"*-f::\,E.p6/82 %!<1+Åa698;6D: :h1aI&048;@A:>2,/::\,<%-=D..+p 1F<?"=+6/Åa846D%!:6=
.?"%Q=>!!:\':\,.-,/148;Å5=/:?CBC%!3;%!3o:\,/,9*!O4%!:F%-;1a')B": (04:@ 69%-=&n,D:\.+.,t04p}14.=/3^?gp}f\=D:F.-:1;-=/:=/V?".-.-+140;Åa=>6>6D:\%-.!= ,Dp:E 696/84-82:\,/%:,/6tÅh: %-/=9,D&I@R:F%!=/%!Bg:\(+1+?C6t1;wV*V%O46&?"%-1+69')8;6/(.5: :69%!n=&':'.-*-.-,>?"0414Bg1+14:=/6&?"1;=@69/*V8;I:\.!&=/p}: 8;:\:\%!=9,/8;'):K8^.-p.+,/It6>,D:FsO469%!~8;')(!: 'K:.+1a6914=&041;@ %!:=&n'K6D:\q?",>.-:<1 B".p

6/8;:,D:F%!,/:F@R.-,/:GO4%-')(:\6/=6/82%!1 <-Åa6/:\=\
4NL6/G844%!=D6:?C,D=>-:>,/:\6/%-82')%8;6:\3?"17¨||?",D*-.+02@,D:N6/8;2?CH<=>@R6/84.-:G@RÌa:0;1-:60;:G.+17=/?"69f8;:N:\=/,/6/:F%-;q&?"?gBgB"?"f:n=s:F%!Bg6.+=/w-=/!:\!= %!!6&698;6/8;?"=:<?C=Ìa0;6/:8;0;:E:!@Q%¶;?"@A04@Ìa0;:\04:N=/?gf\:

w2 2 H8;;:\q,/:\:<%-=&=D:\6/:G8;69:A841+%026t@ ?"1^n:\|¨,>?g*n.!p2O4%!{Q')%(!p:6/6/:\=>,>?"=N=/.-%@RB"q:E%`6DÅ;?C@R=BC:%!2,/69*!8;:\: ,691a8404%!@A1o269:8;,:A.1ap}04O4@A%!')2(!::,&6/=&.p%!*-<,/+::Åa=s6D:q&=t?"6/Ìa8o0;:\69048;:\:<3o1a?C041o@ |n?":\*2,
.O4p%!')<(!+:6/Åa=>6D:.=pVx-76F-Åa698;6/:\?"= =tO2'.-.-,9?"1+,D:6<=/On%B".-12O43;%-?"14')(*V:6D69.h=E%n6F:*-6/?"8412:51;?"Ì+1404*7:\0;.:Vp´=/%!:\,/=9:V=/?gIt.+14s=~ >I&3484%?"69=N%^?"=NO2%!34')0;(:A:\6/6D=E.7%!69128;3¼:<69pX%-8;'K:\6N,/:56/84%!%!,/6t:Rq14.:

Bg?C@R?g6/6D:\3^698;:<1a04@ n:\,&.!p=/:\=9=D?".-12=On:\,t1;.;3;:E6D.ª\w-4
n&d=/p´84%!qsBg:R+.-=/4026/;%6/?C,91 %!@A'6N0469')8;8R:A@A.+.+0;,D6/:sO20;6/846G%-,91<%6/69:8;:&.!p´%!@R6/8;.-:Q041+n6.!6D.6/pnBg:321;%:\6/')%G(oÌaB"0;?C14:\04(^:\pX3 ,D.+%!@¸6¨6/8;6/8;::R2*!.-:6D6/1;Bg:\:,91;%:\6/')?g(<.-?"Ìa1ª0;,9:%0;6/:!: I.!&ps8;34:&%,D69:% %!½=/q.-1:
?"=6984%6&698;:<34%69%R?"=&%!B"=/.V40 ½:\,/:\3o%66/84:<=D:143;:\,9= =&4+0 :,
?C1h|¨t?"*2:}¶;6NngqA: %-.+14437=D:69,D8;-::<04698;=/:\:A3o:\!4.-%-B"140;3;6/?gq&.+?C1ª3;6/.8ops%6/8;6:Q698;1a:<04@2.-n6D:\6/,GBg:.1;ps:\').-(71;*-Bg?C.!14?C( 1;2*h=/':.-:E14|¨1;?g:*n'K}6/?g2.+"14!=N! %!6N698;:Q=DÅ;=/6D:\@ P%-=t*-?g-:\1
U
W& T?$'9-&
2E)$%1<* 1$' *)53/
de'102,/+,/:\:\1+'6F6D?".-%!1')(ª2=/:\jMÌaq0;::^14')'K84:V:\1a')04(:@ 3n:\698;,E:oq&6D?"6/:\8,9@R69?"8;12:5%6D@Q?".-%1¶;?".@ApN04:\@ %!')8=/:\ÌaIt0;s:14~
'K:V=D:1a=/04=/?g@ .+1 n:\On,E:\.!,/?gp.;'3;.-?C'14%!14Bg:\"Å'K6/?g+.+Å1VI'K.+&@R8;O2?C=F%!,/O4?"1;,D.+* ;6/?C1;84*:
%!O2O4,D.+%!')87?"=&Ìa0;?"6D:<'.-=/6DB"Å! Y:<@R:1-6/?g.+1^6rqs.V%B"6D:,/12%6D?"!:E@R.-1;?"6D.+,D?C1;*V%!O2O4,D.+%!')8;:=
M
X
M
> 9
j+
2500 2500
’Conn.tr’
2000 2000
1500 1500
1000 1000
500 500
’queuebw.tr’
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
¨| ?"*-04,/:E2"\2G04@ n:\,&.!ps.+141;:'K6D?".-12= |¨?"*-04,/:E2"!!N=/:\3o4%-143;q&?C3;6/8o%!6698;:<n.!6D6/Bg:1;:\')(
->I&!3;8;.+:V1;mn:A,9=D6/6 84?"%!=A66D?".¼=>%-340;:K6Dmn.+1;@Q:h%6/6D8;?C':h%!%!Bg"'KÅV6/?g?C.+1-14-=<.-(!6/:\.¼35nq>:7846/:\%-1o(:%Q1'K.-0412O21;.+:\1'6D6D?":.-,/1h@R?"?C=14:%146/?g3;.+:\1b3PIq&&?g698;8;:F?C1?"3h%M.O4p¨,/6/.;84'K:<:\32'K04.-,D12:51;:\'\'%6DB"?"g.-:31
6/0484=D:%!3M6t84+%!Åo=>6/:\8;14:Q3;O4:3ª,/.a%!'=&:\34q02:,DB":<?g%-ps=&3;.!:69mn8;1;:\:,N3MO4%!,/.-=GOn=D:\69,/%6D6/?":\:\=N=&..!pp6/69848;:R:A''.-.-14141;1;::'K'K6/6/?g?g.+.+11 NI =/&028;'):Q8ª%!%!O2=&O4?"6/,D.+=N%!=D')698^%!,/?C6&=N6DO4?C@A,/:\B: =/:\1+'\6/%!:\1ª3ªn?C1 :
6/8;:F69'KBP=9',/?"O;6>=98;.+,D69I&'O 4 69'KB½?"1oI%!;B":F2 2
4NL6/G8;1;:V:N%!'\@R%!17.+04021+=D6G:E.!%ApOn69:\,/,%- 14Ä2=D.p:\q,/:\@R3¼.-O21;%!?"6D').+(,:\d6/= rP6&6/',9%!%!151;p*!:\?",/!:\:E3 =D-69%Åa6D6/?C:\=/= 6DP?C'Bg=s.+=/.-=/15:\= :P%!:\')6/8Q'Än. q:5q&3;?g69:87BC%`?CÅM1ap69.+8;,/:5@Q3;%?C6/=/?g'\.+0415=/=/=9?"04.-')1M87.+%-1 =
6/8;?C=&%!O4O2,D.+%!')856/.h+:\'6D?".-1^v4 2
6/I&n84:8;:t*![: ?C@Q14-1;%=D?C69¶;1;%?"*V@A6/: 6/04Q?"@@R3;:K:Fq&m.?"1;14p?g346/6/?g8;..+q:<14=>=/=/:\?g.!f\=9p}=/:&?g6/.+.8;1pP: ;ItIt6/s8;s:<~ ~=/:\69'8;=9.-=/:t?g14.+=/1417Bg.:\q'K%!6/12r?g=D.+3^6914%!14=&,/.a6¨?C341o?":G1;6/?"?C8;6D3;?C:A%:Bn1-=/'\6/6/?g84,D6r?C,/ÅÔ;:\6>=9%!8;%!14.-,/3hB":<3 6/3;-84.+::F691;'6/:F,9¨d%!?"e1o141Q=D69p.-8;:\04,&: ,´=/=9=/?g%!f\'\@R:F,D?CO;:F%!6}=&qq=9%`04:tÅ7')3;8oq:K:<=Dm691;%3;:>6D:K:mn6/=8414 ::
RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R 1!2° &1=&4©-(¯ & 1IRB&
RB& %`±>1¯ % <R6/ R 1!°2&1!°61(1 R

RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R 1!2° & 7(4a° R /

RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R 1!2° &1'/a° VrX° P+±4¯ V R 9/;° 4©;8² 52X° [ [

&
I ;
8 Q
: 4
O /
, a
.
' \
: 4
3 2
0 D
, :
%!O2O4,D.+%!')87.p698;:<=9',/?"O;6>=98;.+,D69I&'O 6/'B?"1oI%!;B":E2 'w / !3;.+1;: 7?"=F3;:mn1;:3¼%!=Np.-Bg".q>= ?g6F,/:\O;BC%!':\=N6/8;: -I:=De6 hO4,/.;'K:3404,/: ?C1M6/84:QO2,D:\+?".-02=
a®2®4² 8°K7'H2&6©;+² & %`± /O17>¯ 1=%&-±46(6¯ 4a°% X40H B7225B° ; H2*0°++¯ * ² !>« 1 7 1 ,(&+± 5-& & %± 1:7;¬ 9/a°

±4&;¯¯;B©/O7'7>&1±;/O7S-¬ & R1 5'&;&%¯;) 8© 77>(1@;4;°KH -1!&4°66° 1-1 1'/(¯;B72° &a¯;B©1=&47>©-1¯( &H -&>&4/6° ;½1 ° &($;6¯°B7B5;4 (® &>$+-±/;½5'&° 4254¯;©2& / B7

±-1!5'2° &9& 1 425;R ¯; V 5'2©R87>&>& 1/ 8 77 V R «1Ve[,X°°;P+²±4!B &¯ 1!°2RBV 42&R87>547¯;1 22© 74;& !°/ «[B[,7,!B&W!B&WVV RR V R1!1!°a°a1°;²²² 1!1!2°°21!&&2° & 1=1!7&4°64a©+1-2©2¯1 &4&[©!1K±2!B[I&© [%¬ V RX[1!'°;!B²& ! 1°2&1=&4©+¯(&91K[!B&!

V R 1!°;² 1!2° & 7 4;2© &;© H -&4° 1 X[4!8&WV R 1!°;² 12° & 74¯;X° P=;/:& H (&46° 1 X[ !B&!
Ve°XP+±4¯ V R 1!°;² 1°2& 7 4;©2&4©KH -&4°61 X[ + R24B54¯a©2& /(B7 [

%85-7'& ² !>« 1 V R 1!°;² 12° & 7(4;° [ J

+
t.-6D:F6984%6&q:F04=D:E.-6/8;:,&=D69%6D:=.p}Its~'K.-121;:\'6D?".-14=\
F 7'4;2© &4©!±4© %¬ F?C=&698;:<1a04@ n:\,&.!pÖ2%!')(:\6/=69,/%-14=/@R?"6D6/:\3o+Å76/84:<'K.-121;:\'6D?".-1 ?gp%VO4%!')(!:6?"=t,D:\6/,9%!14=
@A?"6D6/:\3o=/:!:,/%!B½6D?C@A:= 2?g6&?C=&'K.+041+6D:\3o8;:,D:E.+1;BgÅ7.-14'8: /
jH M
9 I ,
F 7'4;©2&4©H-&4°61 E?C=6/8;:<1a04@A2:,.p}34%69%R+Åa6D:=6/,9%!14=9@R?g6/6D:3^+Å5698;:<'K.+141;:'K6D?".-1

F 7;¯;°XP8;/O+& ±2©%¬;°2& 1 N?"=>6/8;:F1a04@ n:\,>.pO2%!')(:\6/=&,/:69,/%-14=/@R?"6D6/:\3^-Å76/8;:<'.-141;:'K6/?g.+1
F 7;¯;°XP8;/O& H-4& ° 1 G?C=6/84:<1+02@ n:\,&.!p+Åa6D:\=&,/:69,/%-14=9@A?"6D6/:\3o+Å56/84:<'K.-121;:\'6D?".-1
M
X
M
> 9
j!{
1!°2& 7>1 VX72°« 6/;65n²+©B&+¯ [

($2°+¯;°©+¯a° 1° 4°+¯;©a² 1B54¯ %°61 °a©%O$Ã®;°B72°+¯;©B&>/O7;® ;©B7 1!°61(1'/ B7>1 1:$2©+¯ /7;®© H2&-&2²+°872°%¬
²6/O7;¬Ã©B7 4©1'/O7;®2²-° 4;°61=&>/72©2&>/ 87*. 2$2°9/¯ 7-5B; H2°+¯ /(1®>/ 4°87 H &2$2° ±2©+¯;©:;6&4°+¯ 6(4a°XH

.. 000

00000
000000 ) 3.(.-. 0(4;°XH
.
0(;4 °XH 000

1!°2;;& °X°XP-P- 5-&&& !//!V²-²-±2°°°B«>«>7 !//!²a²a5'²,²,& %%.X7>BB7'7'1 ;&&;«©9©9[/O/O77 &(&(2$$2°° 7-;& 58¯a;©B7>H2°+1 ;¯°-¯ &>%/½;B7(°72°%=&>4 /(B(/ 7>;1 °+¯;°B7-&
%B7-74°%=&>/ 87>1
1!°2 ±4& °B7 87-&(W72$ °V;!±2¯;°B©7%°' 87-!/ 7*²+° . ;& ¯ « [
1!°2& &6 V!±4°B7
B5'&%. &a¯ « [
R87>1 ;& ¯a©%!°6+©a²a²IRB6&
!11!°2°2;4&& °W /O7>VV R8R8/O7>7>;7 ®11 77&(4$22;44;° °° &[[ ±;²-®

R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R SR H e;j1 ¯6!± 4©6!/ ²
R87> 1 245 °B25 °6a² /;/:& R SR J J J
!1 °22& 5B;6H22;4°-¯°XH, 0(;4 °61
!1 °22& 5B;258H2;°-H2¯°+¯ ,²;!²«>!1 «>31 ±2J °+¯ 1 845 ¯ %!° 7 2;4 °
62;4 °61 ©B7 Ã 4 ²6/;7 ¬ 1 4 °XH + * /7 %¯
+*

6+¯,* 1 °2 & (+* R - L R 62;

1!°2& R V R87>1 724;° [
R87>1 42+5 ±n²+°XP+²6/O;7 ¬ R <R R J J H 0;j1 ¯0!± 4©9/ ²
R87> 1 245 °B25 °6a² /;/:& R <R R J J J +
B45 ¯ %!° 1 ;4 °61:&>/O27 ©2& / B7>1 %B7(27 °%=&>(/ B7>1
6+¯,* 1 °2& 2 / (+* R6/ - L R 62;4 °XH + * /7 %¯4/ +*

6+¯,* 1°2& (+* R - L R 258; H2°+¯ ²!«>1 + */O7%¯

+,*
!1!1 °2°2&& && %%±>± 1 ¯1:;7% ¬ R6<R6/ / R R VX27 V?27°«°!«a®4a®4°B7'°B7-& &6+ + + ;9°!/O«4;7 ¬M¯;[°87 X[

RB& %±>1¯ % R6/ R 1!°B&«>/O7 46!« J J J

R87>1 ©2&(4& ©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R <R / RB& %`± 1 ¯ % <R / R

R87>1 ©2&(4& ©%:$ -©-®4°B7'& R RB& %`± '1:;7 ¬ <R / R
R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±>1¯% <R6/ R RB& %`± '1:7;¬ <R / R
++
!1 °2& (-& ±<R6/ R V R8& %`±>1 ¯% <R6/ R Y©2&-4& ©%:$ 1 845 ¯ %!° [
v! M
9 I ,
1R-!¯2°27a&®°B72¯2 7a°+®¯a1!°a©2 &°(4+VX72¯9J°!1 « 6 +¯ ¯;[ ©B7 40:; 1'/;° /!²-°61K.

1!2° &2¯ 7a® VX72°!« [
R-2¯ 7a® 1!°a(° 4 J

1R! 2° &B© 7 1!W46°B&O;VX72© +°/O7'«® &4 °+B©J6¯ 7+. 46J©+¯a:;¯ 4/ 4©+¯©;²/©K&>Hn/²+;½°'°6+ 1 P+± =72 °87'& /&;©;¯a²K©B[ 7>1 ;°-¯©2&Ë°a©%:$ 1B5;¯ %!° /

R 5>16° -2¯ 7;® R!2¯ 7;®

3
1R! 2° & B©97 /46;9O° ; /;1!°B1'° &Ë/;VX74©° a°!«® B© 7J/!46J²+°JO;J1 4&©+¯ /&a© ¯;HnB©²+7>'° 1@+ ;j/:©-&¯;B° &6 [

R 9/;° 1!B° & 1O$2©!±2° 2j. 3

R 9/;° 5>16° -2¯ 7;Q ® R-2¯ 7;®

2°;¯a¯ 7/ !;«©;² 4;1 ° /O74°1!6° &(1($21'I°/ BH27>°-1 >® 6/O7(;7<²a²/O7;«® &© /;½96° 1/21-1B7&;±;¯;6¯8© 7>%!1 ;6° °+1(6¯1K1 . B© 7 4 &($2° &;¯aB© 7>1 ;°-¯ 1'/;°61

6+, ¯ * 112°2° && &/2(V +R=7>*1 R67/ !- «L [R 624;° XH + * /7%¯ /4+*
11!B° &!2° &W0& +&(¯,Ve$2X° P-*° ±41!H2¯°2&°!>®RB&Y/O7-Z7<(+,/7;V *®R R &> -/;4L ©;°R8²2525B;X° [H272[°-°¯ P-& ²!&;« ¯;1B©+ 7>*1(;°+/7'¯ %a¯ 0¯ 2:;+1B* 54¯ %°B© 7 4Ã2© &-&;¯ /H-5'&46° 1

RB& %`±>1¯ % <R6/ R 1!1!°22° && 1=1!&46° ©+1-¯(1I&9R1 RB&

RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R

RB& %`>± 1¯ % <R6/ R 1!2° & 7(4;Y° 1!°2R6&/ 1'/a° Vr°XP+±4¯ V R 9/;° 4©;²852°X[ [

RB& %`±>1¯ % <R6/ R

R87>12© & V RB& %`± 1¯ % <R / R 1!2° &1=&;©+(¯ & 1K[ R(&+± R6/ R 1!8° 7 4 V RB& %`± 1¯ % <R / R 1!°2&1'/;° [

5a'± 4;2© &4° &($4° 7-58; H2°+¯ 4²12°>«& 1 1:&4©+(¯ & 1 [ %B5(7'& ² >« 1CR6/
6
R87>1 2© &WV RB& %>± 1¯ % R6/ R
+0+

6+,
+
1!°2&¯ * 7-1&2° &1 <R (+J * R - L R 624;° XH + * /7%¯
+*

a®2®4²(°8K$27'H2&6°©;+² 6 &;²a%`±²/O17>«<¯ 1=%/O&-7;±46® (¯6±44a6¯°% X40H%!B°2722425B54°;¯;H2*0° °++¯/2*1,²%!!©a«>²a1 ²+7°(41 «- $4,°B72(&+° ±4°-¯5-&© &%8%7-± 72°1:7;%=¬& / B79°8/7a49° 1

±4&;¯¯;B©/O7'7>&1±;/O7S-¬ & R1 5'&;&%¯;) 8© 77>(1@;4;°KH -1!&4°6°61-1 1'/(¯;B7°2&a¯;©B1=7>&4©-1¯( H& -&>&4/°6;½1 ° &($;°B¯67B5;4 ®(&>$+±-/;½5'&° 4254¯;©2& / B7

±-1!5'2° &&91 425;R ¯; 5'2© &&>V R=/ 7>8 71 V R 71VeX°!°;«P+²±4[, ¯ !B1!&°2V &R87>R27421 5;274;¯;!°2© «&>[[,/ !B8&W7, !BVV &WRR 1!1!°a°aV R²²1!°;1!1!² °2°2 && 1!°21=1!&4&°6©+1-7¯21 4;&[©21K&;!B[I&©![±2©V R%¬1!°;X[²4 !B&1°2! &1=&4©+¯(&91K[!B&!

V R'1!°;² 1!B° & 7'4;2© &4© H -&46° 1 [4!B&WV R 1!°a² 1!°2& 74¯a°XP8;/:&XH -&4°61 X[ !B&!
Ve°P+±4¯ V R 1°;² 1!°2& 7 4;©B&4©H -&;°61 X[ + R24B54¯a©B&>/)B7 [

%85-7'& ² !>« 1 V R 1!°;² 12° & 7(4;° [ J

+

M
X
M
> 9
v2
(©6$21° ©2;5-²a7² %=«<&>//O7;B7® ¯;°%:54& ¯6/;½1'°o/ 4. ° ±;©¯6%O$%!J°(4B. 54 ¯;1!° °5a% ±'4;/:&©2&4±4°6¯1 /O&27'$2&9°1 7-&(5B$2;°:;H2°-¯/O7'&6 R% B7-B727-7*°%:.&>2/ $<B7>/(11
6
/(1 40B72° H %!©;²a²6/7;® &($2°±4¯6%!°(4254¯a° «</:&($ &2$2° =1'/`®(7 ¼±4©+¯;©:;½°B&4°+¯° B52©;²
/7Ã«-$>/%:$ %!©61° &2$2° B/O7 4 Y±2©-¯;©:;½°2&;°+¯ 46a° 1 72&±n²+© Ã©¯6;²+° .($2°
±4a¯6¯6:;%!°2421 45B;5¯;¯° %!°/21 / ©;°B²'71 49
1 %!H©;Ë²a²+©6°241-1'H/ ®(7<&2/O2$;7 °® &( 2$64 B°27 ° 81' ¼/`±4®27¯6 ¼%!±2°2©+4254¯;©O¯;;½° °2«(&4$2°+°B¯ 72J° ; °+-¯¯©2«-$4%B°B7-7 72°%=&>/ B7
/:&YH4°-®>/O7>1 HÃ©61-1'/`®27</O7;® /O& / /(1±4©61-1!°(4 &2$4¯6B5;®2$ &($2° B/O7 4 4©+¯ /©KHn²+° 3.
±4®2¯6²KH2%©;%² B5- 7'7'&9& 1 ²!B«>7-1 7 * 6(/O74;4° XH1'/ ®(27 +,*
!1 °2& 7>1 (/ V
9/;6* n5 R'²+©21'6&`/ ®(+7¯ L L/O7>J 1:4&+©B7*%!!1°X°2[ & 7-& 1 <R6/7 4 Vr°XP+±4¯ R 7-& 1 <R6/7 4 [

+°;² 1!°9/)* R 1-/`®(7 L L +,* 1!°2& 7'&91 <R6/O7'4 Ve°XP-±4¯YR 7'&91 <R6/O7'4 Z [
+°;² !1 °*
±-1!5'°2&&'1 1:5B8;7 B27J °!«n² /O27 °IR B7-7 V R=7>1 7 !« [,!B&
6+¯
* !1 °2
±(15'°2&&'1 &1:5B8;7 B47(Ve°X°!+«nP+±4*²6R¯Y/O47 R'-°ILM1:5BRR ;68(7-ZS;4 7° RXH 7'R+ & 7'*1 &9 R/O1 7 <R% ¯[ ,!B&+ *
±-+R85'7>&1 I1 ©2&WR BVe7-°XP+7 ±;¯ R 1OV 5BR8;7>1 7!«M[YZ J . X[ (%B5-7'& ²!«>14
++

±4¯6°% /O729°/O7<®2©/(²1:$
H2 *©;/O7>+,² /(7>*1:$1 5&6±; ¯6%!°(4B54¯;°

%-² 1!°YRB&6
R87 1 ;²85>1:$ 8&;¯;©%!°
X° P /:& J
+
R87>1 2© & J . 3 % B5-7'& ² !>« 14
R87>1 ©2& J /O7>/(1:$

R87>12¯ 5(7
I%!4Bg:Fn nÏ&'BP=/'\,D?CO;6>=98;.-,/6/I&'\O ; 6/'Bp.-,&=98;.-,/6&Its~'.-1414:\'K6/?g.+14=

v M
9 I ,
U

U->!>13/ ->/
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ -,+ 12 &( 12 #1"( ,!,1 2 $)(
!
( &$ &( 0
/,812?61 /
(*

P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ ¥S & 1 ( (
,/0( 0
/, #
( &(?8 ! $+( ! 1
-& 3 (
( !
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ C ! &1 &( (
/(#"$( ( *1"( $
-& 3 ( ( !
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ & ¹ % &( (' ( ! ( !5( # 3
( (*1 1 ) 12 &(?3$1 *+ (
$
# ! $
8
/ $
.3
( (1 1 )7
$0/120/,( (, (#(.-7 - (
! (,
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ ¥c0/ 1 &(?,!
*1 +

* )!,12 $
(,
7) ( ()' (#!, (7 #3
( (*1 1 )
!5( ,12 !5 3 ( /($ (, 43 $ &(
($(
#,(? 125 56 . &(70
/, ? 3! 1 &(
3
( (1 1 1 (*
#.
$)(*
$0/120/#( ( ( (,7- - (,
!#(, '# 88
( ,(#1 1( ) $

$ #,(* !*5$(,
)7( !*5
7
$ #,(* 2 !5"+ ( ,/0($ (, 9
P 125 _+7`- T\_ 1 ! ¹ ¥
!,%1 1 ( (< ( : 1 (,
*1 ! "!#(* (#(,! 120/ 3( ) 5$( ! $1 +( ! 1 *&
*12&/ !# ;( (,3(#!*5
1)1=3?>73( !#3(#!,1 ?&,(* ( (, ( @ 2 B A *31 $ ,( $ !#3(#!,1 $
(DC ( FE (,3
1)121=3#( $ !#3(#!,1 G& ( ( #1 3 (H2 IA # + 1 $KJ&(L
#!#3(#! 1 $M&,( & (?N&"(D(
#*1 $
& ( (#!# ?& (DC ( FE (,3#(,
##1 $
P #_+,(` -T\&_ ( ¹ !#¥¥3(#! ' 1 $ (O3 @
( !#(,(

( $3 $$
/PO12 (, $ &( ( (
"!# (
( &Q( ,&!
*1 +(5 R )!,.#12 (, 1 ( ( ( J #,( (

1 . / ( B
*1 (, (M1)1 ( 1 (
(,S / ( $ UTSV3
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ ( 2 +$= W"( (? 3
!#(#(?(,$123( 12 (X5 )! Y1(#( ( ( 3 Z & *& &(
"$ ( ( #1 "( $ 125 6 5M( ( ,7 )7 $1 #,(*9
P_+`-T\_ ¹ ¥ CÂ 2 ) ( ,!
*1 + *&$
# ! )!,G1(, ( 5 3
$ ,(M1)1=3 $ &( $

125
1)121=3 $ (?( !5 $
125+[ \^] $
: &(?!5( #
$)(;( ( (#(,_-O` )
-K` 2 3= W"( &(
(,
,/0( 1 (
(,
L ( &(7)
($"1 $1 01 1 ( 3! 1 $ &( #

( -,3 $12 &(
(*: $abC $)(Wc 12 !#)( @&(,
#*J3(d 7((#!, $ 1 , ( ,( *1 $
& (
/,( ) #,(**J &(,
( 1 2e( (7 $
( 1 (, (
/ $ &(,
?,(##1 $* J ,
&$ *&
8 ,(*#*1 $
(7 (*# (,*1 1 ( & &/ $3( ) ,( 7f ( *1 < $1 !#$W L:

1
+$$ ' +$J (X,3 12 $g&*(

$O\9P_9 1$#Q#B"!$De87#&,GR%'4@)("DS("4c+=L#&*-1$1$,.19+:/0:1L4+2T2F,.,.13("*-=B,'2"?$2f!$_]2F,.V5=LUW461gF!72X#&2"#Y!$892",.h2"4@:(<(F("=L=B;>?9?9=&2F2"2",G,.19!@19HH7?$Z[1$/<,./<,'4:%.5#&,.%'"<;72A@;>#B3A P 4+/C#B=B:DTDS%'),.8$19#B#BR<(F\iRDEIk\]?9jl%.2F2F=^,G4+HB\9#B=LF_9=9251$\k#&("=BDT(F?$+,G2Fdm4`:,G19("(":H7=B1$IK?$4+J52Fn,G19=LdmH7?9=L2FI](o,G19(Fa<HM=L!9?98$32F(",G=&19,.192"H=-b>4+?9=p=&*&:%G17:N(e4c2"3!$2"!$#&=Y2d

qr1L2FR("19:2A,. sp t I
uSv:w xzy|{c}<~T`K{:y@
/5a<!9!9R,G1$46(F!3A4+2"#&#B!9("1n F"X:,.!9De*&=BR("?9("2F%G#&R#Y%F2F2A("=B("19?$=B=B?92F,.,G2""19T_oHoU%'87,.,G131$=L-"2"
":,.(X;$UDT#B,'%.C5,'2"/N,'=YRd<1-"=p#?$*&/DeR(N;7,G132"R!9(<- =Y:4cdKqr1L2"!9,'2"=L=B:1 87(X19ct +ZI2:$,GI<Za<46=L!9!9(C=B :"*&:FR,G1`DS1M2"89%.!7, %.1$(F:=L-"?92<NHB=B2"!9!719=L#Y?92<,G2A<;72"R2"!9!$4c =L De4+F=B2X1$#Y\91$2F,G,G:4"4c4+2"("=B,'=B=L1$?91i1$2"I:,.194cHS2":,G\i1 I
/Na=T"X,.!9De=L?9?9%.%G\3#Y2F2f
_9#E8> \9,GX4c=B1719:4+2F,.=B1M=&d# %.,G1$o;7:2f/C::1`19=9\9:5p1)[#&17\`p1 t d("=BD2F,GDTe
2F= t I9Bdm=B(C P #&DS89%.&
YYkkLLpp ¡L¡L¢9¢9£9£9¤L¤L¥L¥L¦B¦B¨¯®A§©f©f°¯ª±L¢-²¨¡&«-¬Y)Y§kp§9®Y9®

19=p/4+=B1$",G\9:(C2"!919:2f/C=L("S\9R89,.4+2FR\M,G1n³K,.HB?$("
$I'[/5!9,.46!`!$#&C2f/N=e#Y%.2FR("17#Y2F,.*&
(F=L?92FRC;>+2f/N+R1
5
4 3
0 1 2
K³ ,'HL?$(F $I'B´Kjµ("=B?$2F,G19HS P #&DS89%.
2"2"!$!$ F(F=L=L?$?92F("4+¶p19·¸c=9· \9t ·r¶Sdm=L#&(<1$\3F:2"2F!$2",. 19Ho\9:4+"=B2F1$,G1$19#YR2"4c,'2"=L,'1@=L1$19+=9I \9E9Ia<!9 \$cd#&?$%'25"2"#&2F,G4(F=L?92F,G19H7$?7FR\3;L_n17+$/<,.% 46!9=-=B"
¹
¹Yt
! "#$%&'$(
& £B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
12 £435-R7£¯¢5-63039£L9£Y987&¡9¤B¡L>939¡L¢9¦&$¦:3$¤L¡&«<;=39¡L?>@0ACB
YY??7&7&¡-¡-¤L¤L¡L¡LFE?§ D7G9£L¤Y±7¢ £
1 ²$£& H7J
Y&£BF935--Y.¦¤L£7&££9§K¥LI9¦-)r9¡&¤-²7.¦¤¯£Y7Y04J£ 3535¡&-Y±9¤L-&A¤L££§ © - «L/
1 ²$£& H7:
Y&£BFg735¦R-Y >¤L90£ 9£EM¦.>7Y)r@0¡&£9²7A¥L£Y¦990¤-9¤k¡&L¦ ±947&A35:£ -&©W35$¤B¦£0-& 0¤LE £ L« /
²$1294£¡L357P-R73Q£-RR*¦-L¤B6H8W¡ N=V735S¦9-RCT¤-LS6 HOP NM35²9-&9¤B.¡£7&X§ £L35¢&±$-&9¤L££ E
U
Y7B¤B¡7P &39£¤Y±4356 H>-Y¤L¥Y9£9§ .¦ 7&£
7B¤B¡7&£4 35-Y¤L0£ E
4£ Y9.£ 7g7¦ ¨¡&±9A©7¦8 Z
T
£4Y5-0ª
Y9k£ -LB ²$9.¤ ¡B-R$$£¬¡ 2[H7^ ¡&±>¤B¢PV$£\7&¡R - £&99£L¢¡&±9$¡JH7¦4]9£4H7£ p$¦BC-479¡&±9C-: U
1 > 4Y
10_ -£-¦B$£0` -[Y$¡L¢9£7

&&£B£B7aª§b)F)FYY $$¡L¡L¢9¢9££//
&&£B£B.. Eaca)F)FYY $$¡L¡L¢9¢9££ //
&&£B£B97®da° )F)FYY $$¡L¡L¢9¢9££ //
10_ -£-¦B$£.¤ -:` e V7£BB«7£-£& H$£¯$¡L¢9£7
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4££4Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤¤.-R-R`èeYY7ª0§kYY.E§gªCªC©©c4c4A4A4VV §R§Rªª 22 99¡&¡&0²²0I$I$Q¦¦Q-&-&¤¤
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4£4£ Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤.¤ -R-R`` eeYY.E0§kYY.9®0cªCªC©© c4c4A4A4VV §R§Rªª 22 99¡&¡&0²0² I$I$Q¦Q¦ -&-&¤¤
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L£44£ Y7Y7¥L¥L¤..¤ -R-R`` eeYY.9®¬c0YY77°°ªCªC©r©r°44° A4A4VV §R§Rªª 22 99¡&¡&²00² I$I$¦QQ¦ -&-&¤¤
W '(R ¹
YYkk$¢B¢B£ ±L±L7²>²>¡L¤L¤L¢9£4£4Y7Y7£k¥L¥L²7¤.¤.¡$-R-R``` e7e7-C¥B¥B¡&¡&-Y²²¡Y*YY; 739¡Lª§?YY.>@0E§gA5¡L¡LB 55-p-p£&£&99 55-- U H-H-

1 -[]
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4£4£ Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤.¤ -R-R`` e7e7¥B¥B¡&¡&²²pp.E§YY.9®c ¡L¡L55-Y-Y£&£&--¯¯±-±-²²>¥-U¤L£43L

YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L£44£ Y7Y7¥L¥L¤..¤ -R-R`` e7e7¥B¥B¡&¡&²² YY.9®c YY77°°¡L¡L55 -p-p£&£&99 5¤L£- 3LH-$7¥Y±-¥Y²±-²
U
1 +-£&L±-²0:
Y&£B 5¦BL7R²$¦¦.76)WI$H>_£&¥BF«¦ @7&£&U¡&9-£&79YL£ 7W7pCIª _-Y&¡&5W>97R²£&«$9£p7¡ /

Y&£Bµ ¦B` L-:`$e.¦ 76H>)W7¥B£&¦ F«U £&@9U£Y9Y7 °WI $_ ` +Q-:` -Re` e 2 £9¤ @576e`/

Y&5 7R?² 7&¡YY-£B7F £.357p0-p¢ UY57§ ²¬$`-R0e

1 +-£&L±-²0¦ I 4¡ ]$£L:
4&3L£BFB²¬3LB¦&²-$¦.)W$76H7£&F«¥L¦ @L²-£&²>-.¤-4I&7&5_¦BC7R² -Y7&¡Y¡Y -7.£I 7p5/ -Y¡&

4 3LB² Y£B L²7£

U
I
YYkkLLpp ¡L¡L¢9¢9£9£9¤L¤L¥L¥L¦B¦B¨¯®A§©f©f°¯ª±L¢-²¨¡&«-¬Y)Y§kp§9®Y9®

Y ¦B ªC©c§ W 3LL²¨p$¦LB

Y ¦B6§ EC©fª '35-RR -L[ H

YkB±L
a#B;9%.$I'B´K2"4c%"4:(F,G892Ndm=B(<"2"#&2F,G4#&1$\3\9_91$#&DT,G4(F=L?92F,G19H3U P s I 2X4c%Z
&¹ ¹
! "#$%&'$(
r
q
1 c
4 B
= L
1 X
2 "
( B
# F

2 F
2 @
= "
2 $
! S
"
"
2 &
# F
2 G
, S
4
2"!7#Y25#S(F=L?92F,G5\9,G"4+=B1$1$:4c2":\iIa<!9,G<=L892F,.=B1`,. ?$FR\n,G1@1$5;L_n#B\$\9,G19HS2"!9 4+=BDSDS#&1$\QU"+ a#&;9%. 9I.YZ F
( L
= 9
? F
2 G
, 9
1 7
H
"
2 9
! S
r
q L
1 F
2 R
"
( 9
1 :

2 +
4 &
# 1 O $
1 ^
\ B
# Q
1 &
# '
% "
2 :
X
( $
1 Y
# "
2 '
, B
* e
"
( B
= 9
? "
2 T
L
= $
1 c
4 S
.
,
2 9
\ .
, X
c
4 p
= B
* :
X
(
YkLB²$9¡B$¡ 2^
r
q h
1 X
2 9
! P &
# S
D 9
8 .
% T
P s I "
2 +
4
% B
H '
, B
* :
|
1 G
,
1
a B
# 9
; '
% o
9
.
I &
i
X
2 9
! T
'
% G
, $
1 |
.
% , 7
1 ]
c
· t G
,
9
\ p
= 5
/ V
1 $
\ 7
? F
( G
, 9
1 3
H "
2 9
! S
F
2 G
, T
D S
.
, L
1 F
2 R
F
( p
* &
# %
;>4c =L+ DS2ft /NDT +:#BI1]1$\ 1$qr1 =-Y\$DSnk#&¶hL1iL#&
²917/N9\^¡B$$4:¡I@#&1 20^ "!9ZN+:/C1ge2"(X!$F?$,.:1$@E1$%.2",., 19!717H|#Y2
2X;7!9+R*&`4cR=BX1|DT4+("2",G,G!$1989=BH2+?9HL(F/<R!|,'\ 2X2"!^!9#&T2`2"!94c2X3=L!91$,.F@192X#Y:2"2"4+,.,.2FDT4M,.=BB("1|I=B?$,G
2Fjz,G(F19RH]a "?$ UDT4+l=BRDS\h4+DT=B#Y1$2[:1$1L2F:2F,G4c,GDe192",'Hh =L1t=LI?99,G2@ 2"2"F!$!$:2
a k4+=B1$1$:4c2",'=L1M(":X?$DT:=L19%._S#&2 2",.DT
E#&878$(F= P ,GDS#Y2F:%'_BIa<!9
(FR#&"=B1S,G 2X!$#Y2N2F,GDT+=L?92"N!$#&\M=-4:4+?$(X(":\
,G1`2Xqr!91@ 2"#&!$;7EFR1$1$#&4cD =Y2"dK(X#&j4+ /N< (F4+:#&2"1|?$(X"19+,GE19HS,.1@2F2X=o!919e=9\9\9_9 1$¶7#B$DT#&,.1$4\3("=B2"?9!$2"+,.,G1$(<Hn\$?$4+#B(X#YFB2F,.$=B2"13!9T\9=LF?$,.HB;917%.:#Y<%., 19/<HM,.2"87!3#&:46#BY46:!n2"<192X:!$/0#Y2[2",.#&DT(" :=B?$?9F2:RI\
2F=o\9:2FR("DT,G192"!9 87#Y2"!)719=&2A=L19%'_3#Y2A2"!$ ;7:H&,G1$19,G19H77;7?925#Y%GF=S#Y254+=B1$1$:4c2",'*-,.2f_n46!$#B19H&R+I
uSv A E `y@~ {+}<
?$8e[#YX2#87/k(FR,G1SF:2"%'R!94c[2FR%.#B\F2F2A,GDTL::4+:2FI,.=Ba<1S!92"R!7(F#YN2 #&/N(" !94:=p#&/N1S+\9*B+:2"(i:=B(X2"DT!9,.R19([8>%'=B,G1$XFT,G;9F,.2X%'#Y,.2F2",.:: 46P !$89#B%'19,G4cH&,. 2F:\$%'_-_17´#&2"DT!9[,.4:%'#Y,G1$%.'T_4+2X#B!91SC4+H&=B=E1$\919=pR/54c2"1S,'*-#B,.2f1$_ \ ´
#&"=B4:DT4c=L("\9H&,G,.19*&H3:1`2F=|2"(X#&#&14+ O P %'B8>I =B1$:1L2F,G#Y%
1-·8$("=-4+:X+=B(#@\9+2":(XDT,.19,G"2F,G4!
1-·"87(F=94cR":)=L(
#B4+4+=B(X\9,.1$H`2"=
;>\9++dH&#&a<,G1$?9!9%.192cS,GZo19\9H#&+1$2"=Y\:d (XDT2XO !919,.@19,G",GF"! ,G2FDE,G2F4e,G?9DT#B%G#Y1$k2"\h,'=LU:1gP1$8>\;L=B_g1$=YdE\9:1Lc2Xd2F!9#B,G#Y?9%%.2c"DTZ",GDEC=9?$?9\98g%G+#Y%G2",G,'1L=L!$2F1#:*&(";L*pE#Y_dm%=B\9?$UFcR(
d¶&#B8$"?9:#&%'4M(X2+#&Z";LDTI _g:qr2F\91:+(Xd:2X#&´!9?9%.F2c2XZX#&CP ("287\9=p=L2"/5,.19DT:1g1L@2",.,.1LU#&¶72F%RI &(F4:F*p#&R#&"4%[&d5U"(":=B2X"!9D:^4n2"?$;L!$8_
#&\917:2F\k:(X\9DT=p,./51$1,."2F8$,G4#B("DT#BDe=-\$:+2F%R("#BS8$894c=L%.,'("R("\n:X2"8>=o=B%'1$,G1$\M2F1i=^+2"· !91 |s ,G P 87R4c2FR\¯\$?$(X#Y2F,.=B17+I¯³7=L(S P #&DS89%.&C2"!9h"_91L2"# P dm=B(S2"!$
YkLp ¡L¢9£9¤ 2 £B$£Lp -RR -Lp5 -7 SBªC"© #¨§©rª §©r`ª Tp§ p. E
U2X!9 O 19,GX!`2",.DT,G<2"!$ \9cd#B?9%'2+Z"Iqr1@#S4c=LDTDS#B1$\n=&d2X!9dm=B(XD
YkLp ¡L¢9£9¤ 2 £B$£Lp -RR -Lp5 -7 SBªC"© #¨§©r`ª TY)§kp. E
2"!$ F2X#&("2A#B1$\`:1$\32F,GDT:5#B(F2X!9 \9cd#B?9%.2":7#&1$\`,G13#S4+=BDSDS#&1$\`=YdK2"!9dm=L("D
YkLp ¡L¢9£9¤ 2 £B$£Lp -RR -Lp5 -7 SL¥ §©f`ª TY§Y. E
2"#&!$;>n=p*&=B1$;L%'_^_`19(":=B891]%G#&\$4+c,.d1$#&%H ?$%'$2T&[8$:#&2F:(X#&(XDTDT,.+1$2",.:"(2F,G,G'4 e$S2";L!9!_ n$(\$=pP/5871^=L19,.1L:2F1LR2F(F,G*p#Y#&)% $$%IhI a<!9` P 8>=B19R1B2",.#&%C4+=B1$19R4c2",'*-,.2f_Q,G =L;92"#&,.19R\
a<!94c=LDSDT#B1$\`2"!$#&254c=B(X(":X87=L1$\$N2F=o4c=L1$19R4c2F,.*-,'2f_3;$#&":\`=B13#T2"(X#&4+ O %',G
YkLp ¡L¢9£9¤ I-9.¦ 7&+£ *L7&¡YL 35- U 35-&¤L-£ ,Y7ª Y)§
³K,.17#Y%.'_B9=B194+#B1`#&%."=EHB:19R("#&2F#e"/ .-?9R1$4c
=YdK(F=L?92F,G19HSF2X#Y2FRN,.131$:$#&1$\3?$"
,.2<#&A#&1n,.178$?92U"+ t Z"I
X0#/1325dm47=B(A698;2X!9:=<? >A4+@B#B4DFC
=Ya<dK%.!9, R1$(F-:9,G P #o4cR8>89=B2<X"2",.!7;9#Y,.% 2<,'2f=B_31$=Y%'_Md#o=L1919=9\919=9\9HB =&,G#&1987HM87\9R#&=p/5(XN1|#B<#B1$#&\@("HB?$?$8iDTI5Ra<1B2<!9,G#&<2N,G2X !9\9=L:1917 \i I P #B4c2F%._`#B</N
uSFv E G I H¸{c}<~K J@ M}<% Hc
qrDE1V?$De%'2",.?94:%.#&2F",G4+2+#&Y"("2+:4c:2X,'!9*B::("(TDEDS?$#"_|2(";>/ T.-?9"R+F*B2:DT(X#Y:%DEDe;>?9:%.(X2FX,G4+!9#&,.8E"2
,.1eHB("DE=B?$?98$%.2F ,G4+=Y#BdCF2DTHBR("DE=B?7;>8:(X/5' Li!9:2X!9(":e#BHL(F#[=LF?$R8$1$[\9DT:(#4+_@#B1E=p*B"::("1$%.#B\E8i/<I[,'2Xqr!91V=BMq ?$ 2
O (XF2ONr=B,.19H@#`HB("=B?$8iIoL:17\9:(X\9=31$=&2(FR4c:,'*BEdm::\$;$#B463d(F=LD2"!9o19:2f/C=L("|#B;7=L?922"!9o(":4++,.*&:(X5,G1qM
` P%J ' (R
(
¹

D/5E!9?$,G%'462"!@,.4:#&19"=92 \9(F:=LA?9,G2F1$,G19\9H>::I \@[!$=&#2 *&#&%'DE19?$+%'2f2"/N,.4:=B#&(X"n254+19#&=987\9#&R;9 ,.%'DS,.2F#,.:_`:I ;>E#B;9%'E2F=n!$#B1$\9%.EDE?$%'2",.4:#&"2'L ,.1|1$ =B19 4:#&1|\9R4c%G#&("

"&,.IoDe# ?9j %.$&#&("\92F=B,.R=B?91$1i2"",.IS19a<H]DT!98$=9R("\9(F=& 2"$`#B=9(F4c2f=&_9%[8>2f/No\9=S /5O DS!91$,G:#&46o,.!V132X,G!94c%Gh#&#&X8$DTF87R:A(F46=L!$=Y8$dK#B(F19(F,G#Y=L,.X2"?9D E2F,Gdm19=L;LHo(

_k4c2"/5%G!9#&M!9XF,.4:46R#&! +"´ e2X!9=&VdADE#3?$%G#&%'2"(",.H&4:e#&"1-2o?$De2"("+;7|R(,GM=Yd<4c=LDEDT?987%.2F?9,G4+2FR#B\kF2,G?$1¯":2"(X!$/ L
,G4c1V=L1$2X"!$2"#Y(X2?$4c4+2"#B,'=LFT1nDE=&d?92"%.2F!$,G4+#B2"F("2+:2X<(F:(":/.-?9#&,G("("e4+;7=B(F1$=L"#&2"\$(X?$4:#&4c"2"2F:,G\h19HEdm=B2"(=M#&#Y1L%._h)198$=9#&\9,.([:<=Y,GdA1`F=L2"!9?$ ("4+19e:#B2f/C1$\h=L(",. 2"IDe?9%'2",.4:#&"2HB("=B?$8iI a<!$
!$s I]#B1$³7# \9=L%.:$&?$\@X(8$?$#&DE"(X?9,.F19`%.2FHo,GDe4+#S#B=9F"\92,.19 ("$hHB=B%'?9,G1g2"X,.!$19/5#&H@!9(":8$,G46\`("!g=&2"2"2X("=-!9+4+B:=&I("%Gn[,G#BS(FT#V#X*pDS#Y,.#Y% #B%.A;91-%'e?$De,.1;71$R:(E´[=&2Xd[!919% =9&[\9RR+1$I]F a<|!9R=9(F\9+@dm=BU ("& M^2"!9ZX@i2"("!9=B! ?92"C,.19RH1B2X4+("#B#&1%',G";>:\
2",GU91Q?7CDT2X2X( !9#&Vo2F:4+,G%'#&19_B",'2"2c,.2XZX#&!9$%'o2", :!$#&/Ne2F#,.-=B_Q!$1i#&1$IM(" :a<\3"!$,.Dea%?9(F& :%.#& 2FhR8$=-("2"\$=&!9o2"n=-U 874+-=&(Fa
=B%KZ 2F,G=9#B4c1$2"=B!9\3%.o2"!9\9=L=-19:%'A_QE,'·=B19\919=&,G2S(":,G2X4c1$!$2"4c,'#Y=L%G2?$1$\9!$#YM%#B-De#B#@?$!$46\9("!:_9\31$=Y#&dAaDT("2"+!9,G4SMDT*&":,.=9HB(X\91$",'o#&=L%'1h,GU 19,GH7-1a
:17ZXX+I87[R4:4c19#Y,G#Y%.dm'=B%.R'(F\_ ·

\9_91$#BDe,G4 & ]I

a<8>:!91$ \$&#B1L2 V8$("?9=&%'2F2"=9,.4:4+#&=&"%2

!$· #&&[ R2f/C1$F=| DT|=9=9\9\9:&Z5/5#&!$1$,.\V46!^2"!9#& (" ¢]Y.- ?9&,'2"² MU?F&
,GDT,GF,'2X%G#&#&1$(:´4+ 2"!$M:4c8$2"(F=B=B( 2F=9h4c=B?9%%.2F89,G4+,G#BD F&2J5=L?9U?N2F,G(F19=BH2F=9C4c=B("=&%K2"qr=91$4c\9=&c%·Z
"!#$&%')(+*,&
DTU?7=9F,G\919 HE t2X!9¶

$J589,G³ %D k& #&z878$;>(F=L+,G#&1946HS!ZF=L#&De1$\o:/52X!9!$:#Y1M2A"=B,.1oDS2X89!9%.:
(:4+I=Ba<DS!98$+?9_M2X#Y#B2"(F,'
=L1o;$#&=Y"d):2X\n!9=B
1nX!9#B=L1M(F2",G19:",.2F2 ,G#Y(F:%*&b7R=-("=9"\9,G8$19#&He2"!i=&dIK2"!$
[19X?$:2f8$/C8>=L=B(""

2"!7#Y258>=&,G1B2F·W2"=Y·f87=B,.1L2<("=B?92",.19HS2X#&;9%.:<#B(F#*p#Y,.% ;$%'BIKa<!$,.A,G5\9=L19#&Ndm=&%. =p/5+I

. q87d=B#o,.1L("2r=B· 2F?$=&2F· :8>( =&(F,G1LR2e4c+(",.*&=BR?952",.#o1$HVDE2"?$#B%';92",.%.8>:=&+Z
,G1L2X2[!$8$#Y#B2T462"Y!9+32Ad,G("1$=B8$D ?92o#M("":=B4c?$R89(X4c2Fe,.=B1g`2",.1L=n2F#SR(rHBd#B("4c=B3?$8 4c=Be(X(">:,'X2
8746=L!91$:\$46 -2"=O (X87F#&2E46UY?$:"2S,.1$ H ´ 0/
2"(F!9:*&,G<:(XDT" :#&8$17#YC2X;! 2X$E!$#Y#B2A8$2X8$!9(",.=B<#B("46=B!?$Z"2FI:q (Cd,G2XA!9,.

1`("2":!9X?9%.X2C!9,G=BA("192FR+FHL2C#Y2"d(",'*B=B D 2"!$2"!$:1` F,'2A=L?$FR("4+1$E\$AU2"#T!9,GDeAR,.A"X2X#Y!-HB?$ <$&4+\$#&+%'.%.:+\`2FB#U $B E"!9Z =L$7(F92",:I "&2 I
#TDTR"X#YHB[2"=T2X!9 "=B?$(X4c("/.-?9:"2F,G19HT2F=M"2F=L8`":1$\$,.19HS2"=o,'258$#B46Y:2"Cd(F=LDlM2F= eI 1/
q,.1Ld 2F2"R!9(rTd#B(F4cRR"?$2"%'!72
(F,.=L
?98>HB=B!S",'/52",'!9*B,GE46!o2"!$,.2C:1h!$#B2XC!9S1$=&(F2=L?9_B2F+R2 ([(":":4+1$+,.\7*&[R\o#`#E4c=B("8L/.-_@?9=Y:d"22X!9$BS\9+De%.+R2""&XU #YHB E 2FZ9$$=3IK2"q !$dTa¯"+,G2
RaµDT=Y8$d 2f_&#&-%'K2"!92"R!$1
2/
,'(F2
R4c\9+:,.*&"2"R("\M=p_92X!9< 2"!9DTT:8$X"#&#&46H&&&+2I #B1$\|":1$\$
#MDT:XX#YH& $B\9+%.+2"&Uf E9Z $M2"=n2"!$E,G1B2":(Fdm:4+ 2"!$("=B?$HB!@/5!9,G46!|,.2 /
/
<a &!9 SZ"I4cRa<1B!92X("R#&(FN%', +,.R\V#[DSJ :4+1$#B\9F2T +U9*BN=B("?$2 5V4+=&#&,G"1L2c2CZAU,GJ

5",GZXDeI&j,.%G#&X(
!$2F#&=3(":2"\E!9S2"(""+=3A,.4:#Y;7%.'?9R\7,'%.2 dm=Lq |(#·r De?9%'2"U2X,.4:!9#&n"2-HB8$("#&=B(X?$" 8e|(F=-=9=B\92F:T\T=Y#Yd2KC2Xq!9,.
43 56*87 9;:<$&$&=+>@?A%B,C*8$D?E5GFIH*8:<$9
J
Jdm=B("/AI&j#&(X\94+:,.1$1LHT2"(X"#Y2"%.#&, +2F:&\S>4+=BDS8$U?92"2X!9#Y 2F,."=B2"1S#&2F#&EH&`:1L4c2K=L,G("(":?$X"87:=L\T1$2F\$= N4+2F=B=SDS2X8$!9?9 2"F<=L2"?$!9(X<4cdm=L=Y(FdK/A#T#&(X87\9#&,G1946YH

:2"2<("+#&:1$ \ #&µ1$\T2"=oF:2"2 !9?$ 8S#BDE\$\$?$("%'2":,.X4:N#&=Y"2d

K
2"&!$#Ye2"#3DE8$?$#B%'2"46,.Y4:#&+2X"<2 dHB("("=B=BD?78`2X!92X!$T#Y"2[:17,'2
\9:,G (X \9R2"=3F2",.#`1$#&HB2F("R=B\|?78|2F=7#&ZN("e#Y2[?$2"19!9,G4+T#B(FF:2
%':2F*p=3#&2"1L!$2 e19J=9\9RIi a<#&!9[S19DE+/¨?$%'("2":,.4:4+#&+",.*&2F,GR19("HM Nrd=B("=B,.1VD#o2X!9HB("e=BJ?$8) I
L/ M/
2F=S2Xa<!9!9 HB("-=Ba?$8`DT,G=9<\9\9=B,.19A #T#BF4+,G4+DS=B(X89\9%.,,.O 1$RHe\M2"=S*B:#S(XFX,.=B!91o=B("=&2FRdF2"2<!$8$#&#B2";7!3=p2"*B("[+BX8$I #&(X"[DT=9\9

("=B?$2F,G19HT87(F=B2F=94c=B%IKa<!9,GN87(F=B2F=94c=B%
2"!$!$#B Cqr#e1;98$,.7(F\$=B,.¯("2F:=94+874c2F=B(F,.=B%.=B
2F1$=9;$#&4c#B%>=BF*B%R:dm\V(X=BF(A=L,.=B1Q,G1T1B2"#3,G:1n(FJ · 1$\$¬N=BDS4+87#&=B#Y%',..,G1L:1n2:\ De#Y?9%.-%'2"a,.DE4:-#&?$/5"%'22"!9,.,G4:46 #&!o
"2
,GIC2X?7("#FRM\M4E,G1o2X("2"#!9*B:(X"F2"R#& 172X\$!9#&S(X\SJ *&R("8>"=&,'=L,G1B!1 2: )</5a!9,G46 !V t ,G#B1$2"\o!-?$,G1
/

#|#&87;>8$=&(F2F=L2"#&%'46R!o19:,G46A 2"I3!7#Yj 2<2"d#Y(X#,.% M?7(F4[S2",G(X1^#*&2":!$%.N#&2E=B1`19=919\9=Bo19·W,G=L 894+2F(",G2FDS,G4+#Y#&%)%8$dm#&=B2"(!$2X:!9Ioa</5!9!9=B#&%'\9o*pHL#&(F1L=L2X?$#Y8iH&RInNj[=Yd19=&2X!92X!9,G<:( #&8$878$(F=L("=B;9#B%'R46D!M#&/<("T,.2"!^&I2X2"!9!$,.

ON P-
,G"1B,.DS*-%.89=&%.%.,*&4+
,'2f2"_Q!9,.1/52X!$!9=&n%. "2"19#Y+2"2fS/N,.=B1-(Xdm=LI("DS#&2F,.=B1i´=L19%'_Q=B19oR1L2"("_V87R(r·f"=B?$(X4cS87R(r· HB("=B?78i s I`F,.HB1$#&%'.,G19H3\$=LR 19=B2
QN
¹

! "#$%&'$(
B
= F
2 [
"
2 $
! &
# C
2 G
, 1 Cq @·r ]B2X!9:(" ,GN#E8>=BXF,G;9,.%',.2f_S=Yd"/<,'2X46!9,G19HE2"=E=B8$2F,GDe, +R\n"=B?$(X4c+· ;7#&":\T2"("+R Uf EZ
,G2"1$!7F(F2"R:"#B!9\¯=B%.\)=YdEI5a<("=B!L?9?72"5,.192"HL!$1 E2"J !$("=B87?9=BHL,.!¯1L2 2"!94:Q#&1|J 4+:#&87" =B,.2"1L=n2+I¨;7Ta<#M!$,.;>`=&2F=92"4+%'4+R?719(":o46`,'d ,'d2"!$2"(XQ# M"=B4 ?$(X(X#Y4ch2FE\$,.#& 2"%.#g#B(F(XHB#Y&2"I h- aµP 4+DT+:=9\7\9nE"\9=B=-DT:

P-
/
19=B25F,GDE?9%G#Y2"2"!9,GAdm:#&2"?$("&I P- QN
uSv /{ I H+~
K{+y@ I H¸{c}<~T`K{+y@
h("/ .-?9?9%.2F,G,G(F4+R#BDeF2[R1L(F2" C.L?$d(F,.=L(":D <R2"!91$E!$#BL1$,GDE4cR?$De%.#&R2F1L=B2"(A<4+2"%.=M#B"2"A!9e;>c19dm=9=B("\9:[4+("#&:1$#Y\@2",.1$%., He17L2X!9=Yd2F=B2"8>!$=&E%.=&19HB+_&2f/NI=BQ(XIN2X!L17?75<!$;7#&: H&2",G!91`R;L(F+_odm=B2"("!$ "X8>8>::4+4c, ,GO #Y4 %

4c=LDSDT#B1$\
Y&£B 7±7* ¤&C)W7-£Y7&,«¦$p+. -c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0 /
r
q
1 "
2 9
! "
2 c
4 L
% "
:
4 F
( G
, 9
8 i
2 N
/ 9
\ O 9
1
B
H "
( B
= 7
?
8 B
# $
\ $
\ "
( :
X
F
R
i
$
? "
.
, 9
1 <
H
"=B?$o(X2"4c!9R191]=9\9\9 O #&1$17M\n#&=L1^1`#&2X8$!98$%',G=&4+2X#&!92F:,.=B(<1^!7#&#&1$1$\`\2F#@=M2"#T(X#&HB17(""=B8>?7=B8n("2\9R8$F(F2"=B,.1$2F=9#&4c2F=B,.=B%1i#YI HB:1L2#Y2F2X#&46!9R\=B1=B19o!$#B1$\2F=h#@HB,'*B:1 X
2 9
! +
4 B
= S
D S
D &
# $
1 \ &
B
£ U -¡&±-²K § ) >9¡B¢9£¦9¤-¤LL¡ 7&¦L¢-¢- / I

e
c
4 L
= $
1 "
.
, 9
\ R
[
( >
; +
.
% p
= µ
/ "
2 $
!
& 8$("=&2"=-4+=&%WI !9R1V#`F=L?$("4+T|":17\9,.1$Hn2F=3#MHL(F=L?$8 ;>:4c=LDT:
#&4c2",'*B
,.2"2T!7#Y;>2o+HB!$,.#&1$SE19b7=B=-2 =9\9Nr=B,G19,.1$Hh:\k2"!$32"!919@:DE2f/C?9=L%.("2F,G4+#B#YF%.2S=B1$HLHh(F=L2"?$!98g3("#Y:2"4c2":#&,'46*B!$::T\]#Q2X(F87:#&`46Y4c:=L2E("("2":=X8>2X=B!$1$#Y\92T,G19HBH|("=B2"?7=V8iHB(",.2S=B?7"8 :17e\$SI#QDT!$::1gX#Y#VHBn%'R2"#p= d /
2";$!$#Be46B,G/N1$4c=B=L(XDT\$N,.192FH`=o,.2X1L!92" :(F"d=B#&?$4c(Xe4cB2F=3´#o\9+19%.=9+2"\9e,.2"2 !$d#&("2=BDl(":4c2X:!9,'e*B:2X<(F:#SnDTUf :X E"#&ZH&

UW!# d("$&=B87D ("?$#&1$%'/ $n,'2X87<#&=B46?9Y2X:8$2c?9ZXI[25a<%.,G1$!9-,G
<2"/<!9,'R2X1V!9,G8$1@("2"=B!98$#&HB2X#&(F:2F
/
=Y,.2AdAdU (F=LDEZC2"!9("/.-2X?9(FR:Fo2",.U 1$ He E2"=MZ"I \9+%.+2"2"!9RF%., 17L:7":1$\7<;$#&46o2"=o,'2X<,G1$4c=LDe,G19HS,G1B2":(Fd#&4+#oDTR"X#YHB[2"=M\9+%.+2"

/
,.2</<jj ,'%.13"("=B :?$P X(X#B?$4cDSDTA89/<%',."%':7=&17"d\92F=L#o,.1$8SDEHS4c?$87=B%'DS#&2"46,.894:Y#&%.:+"2A2"2A+/5%.4+_e!9=B:1 "1@:O 1$HB#S\$?$,.(F(X19R#YH 4c2":,'87=L,'*B1M#&:46/<(AY:,.4c2"2"=L!@K1$,'19#Sd :2XF4+!9, 2"P::("I 195=9#&\9("<1919=:2f4c/C=L=L1$("19SR,G4c52FR\9\SR89(FR,G4c4c2F+R,.\3*&R,.("13,G³K1S,'HL2"?$!$("#&2$HB("I s =B´ ?$83L
1/
19=p/ 4c=L1$",.\9R(A2"!9 1$+2f/N=B(Xo\9:89,G4c2":\3,G1`³K,.HB?$(" 9I.

3
2
4 1
0
³,.HB?7(F 9I s ´jµDe?9%'2",.4:#&"25(F=L?92F,G19HT P #&DS89%.

` J( %J 8%J '(RP
¹

Y&£B 7±7*¤&C)W7-£Y7&«,¦$p+. -c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
Y&£BF93d-.¦ )r¡&7&²7£9£&¥L0¦-¤-¡Y¤¯±9A4 3 © 9 `« /
Yg7¦R >99¦.7Y£9¥L¦9¤-¤b)r¡&²7£Y0¡&±9A©W$¦ 0«L/
1Y? H7£¯7&¡-7¤L¦¡L 7&§¡9-¤L£L¡B¢>939¡LH7£¯²$B±L7£k²7¦.7 e9£B
Y? 7&¡-¤L¡LF c-ª¯²-±$B ²>39¤B¡L£ H7£ 94¦ 3L¯²7.¦ 7 e9£B
1 H7£¯7¦ 7&¡9¤L¡B>9
Y?7&¡-¤L¡LFc§ U 9£-£& U
1 ¦9¤-¤L.¡ 7Y¦B$£¯¦k 7±>¤&C -47&¦7p¯¦L¢-¢-9£$-
&£B U -¡&±-²d) >9¡L¢-£¦9¤-¤L¡.7Y¦L¢-¢-0/
1 7¡L
&£B7¢ ¡B¢-L H7£¯-±&. V7£B¡ 3¯7¡L¢9£7
1 7Y9£-¦B9£] 7±>¤&C -47&¦7p8 7Y¦&²7W¦ V>¤B£k7¡L¢9£7
39¡LS$Y£B-¬§ TFS-.- * 0Y7¡B¢LT?S.-RC7Y,- TS

T
&£B
;6L -0B )FYg7¡L¢-£ /

10_ -£-¦B$£.¤ -:` e V7£BB«7£-£& H$£¯$¡L¢9£7

YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L£44£ Y7Y7¥L¥L¤..¤ -R-R`` eeYY
;; EQ§4BB YY$$ ;; EQcQBBªCªC©© cWcWAAVV§§ªª 22 99¡Y¡Y²`²Ì$I$¦Q¦Q-&-&¤¤

YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4££4Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤¤.-R-R`èeYY

;; EQEQBB YY$$;";¸C®°QBBªCªC©©rcWW° AAVV§§ªª 22 99¡Y¡Y²`²Ì$I$¦Q¦Q-&-&¤¤
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4£4£ Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤.¤ -R-R`` eeYY

;;"C®cQBB YY$$ ;";¸C®Q° BBªCªC©r© W°cWAAVV§§ªª 22 99¡Y¡Y²`²Ì$I$¦Q¦Q-&-&¤¤
;";¸®CQ° BB YY$$ ;; QQBBªCªC©r©r°WW° AAVV§§ªª 22 99¡Y¡Y²`²Ì$I$¦Q¦Q-&-&¤¤

1 7&¡&L 35- U ±$9£^ $±>¤&C -7Y¦7p ²$-¡B$.¡ 7&¡-¤

&£Bk 7²99¡B$¡ 2 A
1 ¦9¤-¤ 7¡L¢9£7]C« -&¤-

&£Bk B H7¦&$¢9¤L*£ )FY¤ 7&^¡& >9L9LQ¦ ²$-Rk9¡& 7$±>¡¤YCR 7-²97&9¦7¡B$ ¡ ²$/ 9¡B9¡.7&¡9¤ ¦ U £&9
&&£B£B±$±$¢&¢&².² EMK§ )W)W77£&£&F«F« @@ U £Y£Y99 22 //

U
YY ¦B¦BLL$$.¦.¦ 7676H>H>¥B¥B¦¦ U £&£&99YY

;; E.W§ BkBkYY±$±$¢B¢B.²²E§
U
¶
! "#$%&'$(
$Y&±$£BYµ.¢&²77Y§g§ .¦B77&-£B§K$ ¦.)W7¢>7[H>£&p«F¥L¦ @L¦LU ²-¢-£Y²79¢-¤.-p7&±$¦B¢B5²9-Y¡&¡&§ ±L ²WI-9¦303.-7 _ D0G`/

Y$±$Y¢&. ²77§§ &&£B£B ¢>9¦&p$ ¢-²7¡ ¡LL 39¦9ª¤9U&£

$Y&±$£BYµ.¢&².7WEEY. ¦B7W&-EM£B$ .¦ )W7¢>7[H>£&pF«¥L¦ @L¦LU ²-¢-£Y²79¢-.¤-p7&±$¦B¢B5 .²9-YE¡&¡&±L ²WI-9¦ 303.-7 _ D0G`/

Y$±$Y¢&. .²7WEE &&£B£B ¢>9¦&p$ ¢-²7¡ ¡LL 39¦9¤9§ U&£

1 7Y9£-¦B9£¯9.£ 7&Q£ -[]$£L¦ U £Y9
&£B Q 76]9a )W7£&F« @ U £Y9 9¡$- A$¡&C -$¡L4 /

1 Q¡ -RR -: U ¦&$¢0¤L£-W¦ ]C-R U H$£ U 9¡&±-²

YY ¦B¦BªC§©©c pp

;;"®CcQBB Q¡¡Q-:-:>>¥¥ U 99¡Y¡Y±-±-²² BB..77 ]9]900 U 99¡Y¡Y±-±-²²

YY ¦B¦B§§©© pp

;¸;"C®Q° BB ¤L£-Q¡ W¦-:>]$£9¥ UU¥ 9-¡Y±-¡&²±-² B.&Q7 ]97 ]90 UU 99¡Y±-¡&±-² ²

YY ¦B¦B88 ECcC©©rc° pp
;; QcQBB ¤L£-¡QW¦-:>]$£9¥ U¥ U9-¡Y±-¡&²±-² B.&Q7 ]97 ]90 U U99¡Y±-¡&±-² ²

U U
YY ¦B¦B8 ªCEC©©r®ª 99YYQQ 777WE§ pp$$¦B¦BLL

Y ¦B ®A©rª 3Q-RR -L6 H

²$9L¡ 7P3Q-RR -L¤B6 H8W¡ V7S¦9T¤S

U
Y P39¤Y±6H>¥Y99¦.7&£ Z
4£ Y9.£ 7g7¦ ¨¡&±9A©7¦8
4£ Y5-0ª
T
YkB±L
a#&;9%. 9I s ´ P #BDT8$%'
dm=B(<De?9%.2F,G4+#&"2</<,.2"! & zDT=9\9+%W´89,GDS\$D3I 2X4c%
` J( %J 8%J '(RP

41C C 1A: /1 @

4 [?$":\n!9:(" 2X!9=BX |=L19,.2F=B( j5H&R1L2+L/5!9,.46!M,.N# 8$#B46Y+2CF,G1$S#YHB:1L2
2",G1-!7dm#Y=B25(XDSDS#Y#Y2F,G,.1L=B2"1)#YIM,G1$qr51^"2"8$#&#&2F(",GF2F2",G4+,.4:?9<%G#&#&(:;>=B/N?9M2<2X4+!9#B1^("#&:4+4c4+::,'*BX:\`2"!92"S(X# dmM=B%'4Y.=p>/<"?$,G1946!3H|#&F2X5#Y2"2F!9o *p#B#BDe(F,G#&=L;9?$%.1L:2A:´ =Yd>(F¤LR¡$4cp+ ,.*&R\Ù1-#B?$ADe/C;7:R%'(#&=YAdA%.%.=B=B""22
QN

8$U2"#B,.DT46Yn+2X#&c2ZX /5-²`!9eL,G46 !Q 2X!9UWM1L?7%G#&DE";>2:8$(#&=&46di&("+:24+/N+,.#B*&R\e(":8$4c#B:46,'*BY::\2"+Z5Z"#BV 1$-\ $£W£7YL ²7£.UW7p1-9?$£LDE¢ ;>:(U2"=Y!$diM(FRP4c+8>,.:*&4cR2"\S:\];B_-"2"/:.-+?9Z"R1$¤L4c¦7op 1-?$e-DE0 ;>IC:-c( £ =Yd

2",WI!$B
I192f_- 8>P 2C8$&#B£B46 Y+Q2+76Z"]9Ia
19)W
7£&4+«F#&1n@ ?$F£Y[9,. 174F>B2"±7:#&¤-\M¤4/ =Yd,G1$2X"!92FR#&\3=BX=Y d hY=B£B19 ,.2FQ=L7(]9#YaHB:1L)W72+£YL«2"!9@ [£&?$9%' i#Y9¡HB7:-1L2+-A9#&¡&CR -/N$[¡B\9 ,G/ \MI ;>cdm=B("&

U U

a<89,G!9D%3& 4cz=BDS,GDS<?$#&"17:\ \iIY£Bqr13k=B 7(X²$\99R¡B(C92"¡=o?$2 FA ,G2X1$!9\9 ,G4c\92F*9REDS2X("!$83#YDT2e=9/C\9`&$?$=LFn192"!9!$ #&A&[2"R=M1$#&"\$\`|2"=9!$\9`%',G8719(F =B2F=94c=B%I A_]\9cd#B?9%.2+2"!$
& ! ( *,
G M
2 A¨&£B _ .¦ 7[H74£ AC-LL A$¡L¢9£g¢ ]Y >B²

NF?$"25;7+dm=B("2"!9%., 1$ Y£B¯ $²$9¡B$¡ 2 A I

2F\9=`+d2"#&qr!9?91ê%.2 2"HB!$*p("! =B#Y%G?$&?98)oI ,Ga<EDT!9¶$=-EIY\$2""&,.:DTK4 b7LR(=-q d5=9*p\9#B#Y,G19%G19?9=&HhE2X!9dm=9=B:4+((54:?$2X*p!9("#&eS%.?98787oRR,G(F(FE,.,.=9=9("\9\|/ ,G.-4+,.?9#Y[,G%.H&("_Q:,.*&\i"R=V1@"##&,.1_VE2F¶7#M=QI
|*p\$#&"+:("2F4&,.R#B4c;92e2X%.!9E2":!94+1]3#&%'=L19.:19=9\M\9:XE!9@ =B2">?9!$ %G#&\^4 2e#&#&\$:(" M\4D4c2"=L1=h1$>2"19B!9RI[n4cqf2F2"2R4c\ %

X4+(",.892A2X!9 4c=LDTDS#B1$\
2 A¨&£B B±L74£ IC-c £-¡&±9¯ªC"© #
NF?$"25;7+dm=B("2"!9%., 1$ Y£B¯ $²$9¡B$¡ 2 A I

! " $# &%
³7=L(A2"!9 4+:1L2"(X#Y%., +:\3DT=9\9=B19 19::\$:´
&43 56*87 9;:<$ = :9 ? $89 ;? : P, 5 FIH*:<$9
1 7&¡&L 35- U ±$9£^ $±>¤&C -7Y¦7p ²$-¡B$.¡ 7&¡-¤

&£Bk 7²99¡B$¡ _ - A57&¦7

1 ¦9¤-¤ 7¡L¢9£7]«C-&¤-¤7&¡&99¦Q-Rk 7±>¤YC-7&¦7 ²$9¡B9¡.7&¡9¤ ¦ U £&9

1&£Bk&£B F BG H7^ ¦&$¦&$¢9:¢¤L*£ V7¡-)FY¡B ^9 >9L¦&L²k²$²79Q¡¡&$-R9¡>R 7²99¡B$¡/
R BH7¦&$¢9¤L£&£& 7 &² Y

; EQB
' R(F/N46!9=B"1iU s Z2F=o;72X!9J 8>=&,G1L2+I
r
q
1 >
; &
= "
2 ¯
! X
2 9
! V
+
4 :
L
1 "
2 X
( Y
# .
% , : :
¯
\ &
# M
C
/ :
'
%
&
# o
G
, ¯
1 "
2 9
! ^
-

a e
D 9
= 9
\ B
<
"
2 9
!
F
.
, B
H 7
1 Y
# .
% ' G
, 9
1
",.De?9%.#&h2FR8$\i(FIRFR1L2T,G1¯a#B;9%.|$I 2X!9h"#BDT3 P #&DS89%.h#&S,G1 8$,.DS\$D3I 2"4c%eUa#&;9%.h9I s Z ;$?92n/<,'2X!k2X!9 -a
¯
H
U $
8 X
( $
? 9
1 Q
$
8 &
# 6
4 &
+
"
2 +
E
Z &
# "
( h
9
1 B
= 2
("=B?92",.19Ho8$("=&2"=94c=&%WI M
Ys

! "#$%&'$(
& £B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L¥R $±>¤&C-7Y¦7p¡YL/
YY&£BFg793d-¦R >¦.)r9¡&7&²79£9£&¦.¥L0¦-7Y£9¤-¡Y¤¯¥L±9¦9A4¤-3¤b© 9 )r¡&«`²7/£Y0¡&±9A©W$¦ 0«L/
Y? 7&¡-¤L¡L §-£L¢
1 H7£¯7¦ 7&¡9¤L¡B>939¡LH7£¯²$B±L7£k²7¦.7 e9£B
Y? 7&¡-¤L¡LF c-ª¯²-±$B ²>39¤B¡L£ H7£ 94¦ 3L¯²7.¦ 7 e9£B
1 H7£¯7¦ 7&¡9¤L¡B>9
Y?7&¡-¤L¡LFc§ U 9£-£& U
1 ¦9¤-¤L.¡ 7Y¦B$£¯¦k 7±>¤&C -47&¦7p¯¦L¢-¢-9£$-
&£B U -¡&±-²d) >9¡L¢-£¦9¤-¤L¡.7Y¦L¢-¢-0/
1 7¡L
&£B7¢ ¡B¢-L H7£¯-±&. V7£B¡ 3¯7¡L¢9£7
1 7Y9£-¦B9£] 7±>¤&C -47&¦7p8 7Y¦&²7W¦ V>¤B£k7¡L¢9£7
39¡LS$Y£B-¬§ TFS-.- * 0Y7¡B¢LT?S.-RC7Y,- TS

T
&£B
;6L -0B )FYg7¡L¢-£ /

10_ -£-¦B$£.¤ -:` e V7£BB«7£-£& H$£¯$¡L¢9£7

;; EQ§4BB YY$$ ;; EQcQBBªCªC©© cWcWAAVV§§ªª 2 99¡Y¡Y²`²Ì$I$¦Q¦Q-&-&¤¤

YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4££4Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤¤.-R-R`èeYY

;; EQEQBB YY$$;";¸C®°QBBªCªC©©rcWW° AAVV§§ªª 2 9¡Y`² I$Q¦ -&¤
2
2 9¡Y`² I$Q¦ -&¤
YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L4£4£ Y7Y7¥L¥L.¤.¤ -R-R`` eeYY

;;"C®cQBB YY$$ ;";¸C®Q° BBªCªC©r© W°cWAAVV§§ªª 2 9¡Y²Ì$¦Q-&¤
2 9¡Y`² I$Q¦ -&¤
;";¸®CQ° BB YY$$ ;; QQBBªCªC©r©r°WW° AAVV§§ªª

2 9¡Y`² I$Q¦ -&¤
2 9¡Y²Ì$¦Q-&¤
1 7&¡&L 35- U ±$9£^ $±>¤&C -7Y¦7p ²$-¡B$.¡ 7&¡-¤
D.+4Iµ&£&
Y BL²$G9¡B9¡;6 D.U +4-I¡&±-R² B]Y
; EQB

&&£B£B±$±$¢&¢&²².EMK§ )W)W77£&£&F««F@@ U £Y£Y99 22 //

U
YY ¦B¦BLL$$.¦¦.7676H>H>¥B¥B¦¦ U £&£&99YY

;; E.W§ BkBkYY±$±$¢B¢B².²E§
U
` J( %J 8%J '(RP

$Y&±$£BYµ.¢&²77Y§g§ .¦B77&-£B§K$ ¦.)W7¢>7[H>£&p«F¥L¦ @L¦LU ²-¢-£Y²79¢-¤.-p7&±$¦B¢B5²9-Y¡&¡&§ ±L ²WI-9¦303.-7 _ D0G`/

Y$±$Y¢&. ²77§§ &&£B£B ¢>9¦&p$ ¢-²7¡ ¡LL 39¦9ª¤9U&£

$Y&±$£BYµ.¢&².7WEEY. ¦B7W&-EM£B$ .¦ )W7¢>7[H>£&pF«¥L¦ @L¦LU ²-¢-£Y²79¢-.¤-p7&±$¦B¢B5 .²9-YE¡&¡&±L ²WI-9¦ 303.-7 _ D0G`/

Y$±$Y¢&. .²7WEE &&£B£B ¢>9¦&p$ ¢-²7¡ ¡LL 39¦9¤9§ U&£

1 7Y9£-¦B9£¯9.£ 7&Q£ -[]$£L¦ U £Y9
&£B Q 76]9a )W7£&F« @ U £Y9 9¡$- A$¡&C -$¡L4 /

1 Q¡ -RR -: U ¦&$¢0¤L£-W¦ ]C-R U H$£ U 9¡&±-²

YY ¦B¦BªC§©©c pp

;;"®CcQBB Q¡¡Q-:-:>>¥¥ U 99¡Y¡Y±-±-²² BB..77 ]9]900 U 99¡Y¡Y±-±-²²

YY ¦B¦B§§©© pp

;¸;"C®Q° BB ¤L£-Q¡ W¦-:>]$£9¥ UU¥ 9-¡Y±-¡&²±-² B.&Q7 ]97 ]90 UU 99¡Y±-¡&±-² ²

YY ¦B¦B88 ECcC©©rc° pp
;; cQQBB ¤L£-¡QW¦-:>]$£9¥ U¥ U9-¡Y±-¡&²±-² B.&Q7 ]97 ]90 U U99¡Y±-¡&±-² ²

U U
YY ¦B¦B8 ªCEC©©r®ª 99YYQQ 777WE§ pp$$¦B¦BLL

Y ¦B ®A©rª 3Q-RR -L6 H

²$9L¡ 7P3Q-RR -L¤B6 H8W¡ V7S¦9T¤S

U
Y P39¤Y±6H>¥Y99¦.7&£ Z
4£ Y9.£ 7g7¦ ¨¡&±9A©7¦8
4£ Y5-0ª
T
YkB±L
a#&;9%. 9I $´ P #&DS89%.
dm=B(<De?9%'2",.4:#&"2</<,'2X!3J ¨8>=&,G1B2:´;$"2+I 2"4c% P-
t
! "#$%&'$(
uSv6u @55~
K{+ey@ey K{' IHc~
K{+ey +J|{/ 7vf} H
"#& +17<4 \hA2"!72"C !$4#Y%2 ,G$&1oHB1 (X#&2A#p\$dm4\$2
$`,'2",'58$=L:#&1S 46&2F2=+2: 2"I!$a<8 !$ S2A("J2=&%.8$E#& =&46d&@+ 2"2"!$:TYq 2X8$dC!9(X/N:?$("e19 S(X#&?$8$("1VA#B462f2"Y/C!9+=o2=B"",.2":De!91LR2
?9(%.;L#&2f_|2F_9,.87=B#3R1h19#B=&=91$di\9\h87#&=L 46;$Y":,.:
2"(":*&2"´)=32"!$2X"!9,'HLS$&1$8$2"#Y(X(X%K#&?$2"4c19=`B $2X/C!98$TT#&1$46"!$&=-+#&\$2:%'

2"=B!7(",.#YH&2A,G1$!$#Y#&2"\M,.19"H3:1Ld2N("=B# D8$("#|+*-19,'=9=L\9?$MN8$2X!$#&#Y46&2e+/<2,.2"X= !9: 2"2F=e= "Nr2F=B=B,.1^8nF2XR!91$M\9HB,G19("=BHe?78$8k#B46UWY#p:dm2"2":( 2"= ,.2E]!$#BI\]a<!9;7::$Y1gHL("\$#Y,.dmX2 4c$ =L1$8$19#B46:Y4+2F:R2\,.NZ"I@#Eqr"1^,.HB2"1$!$#& %

[j zE\94+,.X#B8913%G#"_M+E=YdK2"!$=B#&?72 (<#YF25,GDE2",.?9DT%G#YE2",'¶7=LI1it 9>2"19!$=9\9HBe(X¶o#pdmF2A2X8$#&#&("2"465&+"2":<1$\$#B,.(F19
H %.,'HL!BN2<JµHL(F8$:#B:461iY9:#B2"1$<\32X!$2"#Y!928$=L(X=9?$\@192X!9#BE(F198$:?$2f/C(X89=L%.("& I I A?$2
@
2"2"!$(X#&:17("["DT,GA,G"19"=T,'=L("1o:4+,G<+,.F*&2"R=B("8$N8>#Y:2N\Q2"!9U2",.DTDe ?9¶$%'2"I,. 4:#&"2CZXIHLjA(F=L2A?$2F8i,GDT9"=E¶$+I *B¹ :91L#T2"?7HB#Y(X#p%.'dm_B2A-8$87#&("?$46&1$+

2N8$,.A#B46"Y::1L2"2NNd(F(F:=L2"D?$(X191M=92"\9=e 2Xs !9U/5F=L!9?$=T("4+/<[,.X#B!91$:\

2FjA= 2 Nr=&2",.,GDT1`n2"!9¶7I HB("=B

7?7)82"Z!$2":=T("o1$=-,.e\$T#YHBB#&9,.#&11$#&\`1^2"!9#&R2F1M2FRDSd("=B89D2E2"1$=h=-\$46!9T:
46V2F=S/519!9=9+\92X!9:¶$(I 2X[!9:=-("\$M#&¶e("M2"!$4c:=L131$19(FRRF4c2X2F#&R("\^2"C(FR2"4c(X#&+,.1$*&XRDT(,.19XF=9,.\9=B:1) I

,G2"1g(X#&2"!7!$"3DT,GHL"(F"=L,'=L?$1M8]2"=B=M2"!919R=9(e\9:2X<!$#&71 t s >$#BI1$\g2X!9@19+2f/N=B(X,.S#YHL#Y,G1^b7=-=9\9:\3LA87("?$1$38$#B46Y:2"T(F:2"?$(X1g2"="2F=L8g2"!$
'
2"2"!$!$ 4J8$#&464&8>+ =&2@ ,G1L8U"2<<=,::=Y 4Dd2 sF, :+¶T ;L13s _-B252F¶S4:+;BZ_-Q2F2"=S&[I 2XFa<!9: !9< DT,.1S!$:2X:DE!9#&;>5\$::2"(X(A(X<#&,G4+<=&<d2"!9:2"!$1$R1|4:#&HB(F8$("RX=BDT?9?$%G=p8i#Y*&2"I ::\`\S;L8$_n#&462"&!$+2XKJ 2"¨!$#&8>2 =&#&,G("1B52 F/5R1L!92K,.46d!3(F=L2XD !9:#1`"dm=B=B?$("/A(X4c#&A(X\$2"=
P-

P-
Su v 5}5{+A5

("2"38$("4 =&@2" = :=C/& 4!#"$o%$&#&"(1$'k\`J P?7891%G#Y2",G!913Q/58$!$(F#Y=B2<HB(X!$#&#BD 8$8> :P 1$s :II 2"4c%eU"+Va#&;$%'Q$I'&Ze4c=LDSDeR1L2F,G19Hg=B?$2M2"!9Q4c=BDSDS#&17\ $Lp17
-
#&173\n4 @ P :=8$C/%.4!#&,.13#"%2"$&!$"*)\9J , ?7:1^(":2"17!94c3:A8$/<(F=B,.HB2"!3(X#&2XD!9 P8$s("+I 2X*-4c,'%[=L?$U"<+"n2"#Ya2"#&,.4;9%.("n=B?992"I.,.Y1$Z[H7/%G4&=B#YIQ192",'Rj=L1B1V172",.#Y#&%.PO% _ s : In2"54c2X%<· !9[UW3F³K:;>o³0:!7a4+##B=B*L;91$,.%'19=BoR(E4c9=Y2"I.,'Yd5*-ZA,.2X2f!9dm_&=L`(/<a#`,' 2X\$!?7(" 4c#&=B2F17,.=B19#1Q:*&4+R=Y2F("d ,.#&=Bs H&1g¶&T"#B:2F1$,G4eDe\]/<n2",'!$2X=Y! d
@ @
2F,GDTc· =B?925;>:!7#*L,.=B(:I '
34 @ :=C/4!#"%$&"-,/.02143526798*: :<;%3>=@?BA@=@CD8 73<EFA@66HG9IKJ@?L6NMK;-O@PQ;SRUT :<IV19WYX[Z\.]72IK=D^Q6@3_A`5aIVbV6cJd66@1

3(CeIV1fA:83F3F6 hg CeTV:i6Ij=k5lA@TV02Ce=6kmnIQ1 5aT :<IV19W52IVbV6 Jd6d6@1o?LTAk3@plRUT :<IV19WcX[Z\./7qIj=k^V6r3_AU5aIQb6 Jd66@1
Ce6=6k8*bV6 IQ31T 6kAc3_5aIQ3 8 1TQ3166 3526k:sE>:<TVCe6 79Cd6d=@8%A@6@?tWm5aT :<IV1fWN79CD021u67qIj=k^Q6@3_Av5aIQb6wJd66@1
x 6k1u6kCeIj3F6 P9p
3 4 @ :=C/4!#"%$&"*yXzTV1fAD8 6@C{3_5a6{3(CeIK=d6<T|Jk3>IV8*1u6 }g CeTV:~3526h798*: :<;%3F=r?A@=kCD8 7u3F;3n3(8*:<6<j;%jfM 6AD3>IVCk3
3>T5aIQb6?LTVAdA@6kAIQ31T 6`j;l33(8*:{6 O|;fK 72IK=D^Q6r3A{Ak3FIQCk3 x 6@3F3(8*1 x ?LTAk3hIj? A@TcIj31uT 6K;zk7u?LIV8*13_5a6kAk6
?LTVAdA@6kA@
3 4 @ :=C/4!#"%$&"%$.021<35267CeT x CeIQ:S798*: :<;%3>=@? 83_53_5a6 b:C>7`:{T 6hT g} ;5aIj3IVCd63_5a6 8 6kCd6k1u=d6kA
3_5aIQ3WjTV0NT|JA@6@CDb6<Jd6r3 66@1 b:C>7wIV1 3_5a6798*: bV6kCAD8_TQ1zp
3 4 @ :=C/4!#"%$&"*.021v3_5a6=6@193(CeIQ?t8%Ak6 bV6@CA8_TQ1!T g 3526}:0q?t3_8_=IVAD3>;B@7?LIQ8*1 5aIj352I7j7q6@1qA 5a6@1N3_5a6.
8%A=k5aIV1 x 6 3FTv1T 61[EMkP!E>8*13526h 83 8?*?\=TVCDCd6DA>7qTV1 3>Tl1T 6{2mhAD8*1=6{ =TQ02193_A g CeTQ:DPQ;
@7?IV8*1 5|W!3_5K8%A`8%A`?L6kAA6( ¡=@8_6k13U3_5aIV1=k5aTTAD8*1 x 3_5a6 .]1T 6v3FTwJd61EFOrPQ;YRUT =IQ1 6l:{6IAD02Ce6
6( ¡=@8_6k1u=kWup

A
ov:w 5}<{'J`K{+ey

a<#&17!9\ST,.J &d?$("2"!9;$R-? ( \9RR("DT4:(F#B,G;71$R#Y\SHB:,.1MDT2":!91L[2
J5"46³ !9RDTs eB¶ !$#B
;> I +RV1h#&,G1L1L_e2"(",G=-DS\787?$=L4c(FR2X\h#&1L=B2 1("c dmR(FMR1$;L4c_|R³K=B%'=p1S_9J\Q&#&01$\4:#&&1M#B4c;>=B<;7dmF=L=L?$1 1$\M #& 2
,G!LC1E2F=B2X=L1$8i("H&´\9:R"(K2F/<,.\9=B/<+1T/2":"I 4c,',.HL4+21$,.\9(:#YI:=B%G2F("RH4c4cR=L2Fb>,.?9=B=p%G13\T_-\UW"\$2Fp,.(F("% =L:>\i8E;>I 5!L8$2"#B2"DT!$46Y("%=B:Ii2"?$a<+HBZ"!9!SYN;$8$;$?9#&#&246"&",G2"4+#B2,G(F\9\$2:("\9# =B:87,.2F89R2X,.4c1$!$2FH7,G#Y19&2H;$=B?$4c19=L2CN194c"H&=L!$R?9=BF%G?92"\T,'%G=L\ 1$1 =p19;>/ =Bc2dm#&/A=B%."("#Y=A,.22";7!92"5,'5%.2X9;7!$2"D?("!9=BA?9R;$HL(K?D!T=p*&DS:R((r#Bb7,G(")L=pd/5,G?$19:%'H I

=Yd8$L#B=L46DeY+2XN=&d/<2",'2X!$!9=BH&?9=B2<#&2X%.!9N =&d19:2X!9:\3J2F=o&#&4+2";$?$D? #&%'.:_n(<\$DS("=B#&8`1$#&2"H&!$R:DeD3RI 1L2A#B(FB´

BI5jF, +4+4+=B,GDT1$4+=9("\$:#B#YF2"
2F"=-!9=o=L(FDE25?$;746?$!)(""I 2"[5"2",.!$19#&Ho25"De=BDT,.HB!L2 %'=p;>/ 8$\9#&:"%.#2 _3O %.F2FRR1$(FF,G19,.2FHS,.*&=YBd72";$!9?9 25.-1$?9=&R25?92" =MF#Y, +%.'B=p9/02"!92" !9E#&,.#D *B:,.(XA#Y2"HB=M \9.-+?92"::?$4+2

4c=B1$H&:"2F,.=B1n2"!$#&2<%.#BF2XA%'=L19HS:19=L?9HB!)I A
s I &
;$?D("=B8k:(X+2"9#&2X,'%
!9 #&1$DT\¯=B("(X#&1$#T\92X=L("D # o\$4
("=B=&8kdK#SHB#&4c=L2F+1$/A19#R_94c2FS,.=B!$1`#*&,G5|;$#]?$(X;9F,G2f#&_BM92"#&!9HB #&,.DT1$"=L2o(F;$%.?$, (X&F+2f%.__M,'2"2<(X# ,GAM2"4Y!7I0#Y2<qr1$2"!$\9+R.L\ ?$:,.1¯?9X/<?$46,.%'! QN
=p*&:(Fb7=p/\$?7(F,G19HS2"!9 #B("(",.*#&%2F,GDe=&d8$#B46Y:2"A=Yd2"!$#&254c=L1$19:4+2F,.=B1iI
ON
7I5j5#Y2E*&=B2X!9,.\e|F"_9#B1$DT46!7n(F=L2F,G19DT, R`#Y2"%.,':=L#B1i\9´),G19,G1eHV\$2"("==B8E?$172"\9#&,':%7";7,.(XD? #&;$R%'`(+B=BDTX4c#B,.1L%'G_E#Y2"4c,'=L=L1$1$19E:,G4+1g2F,.=B2X!91$3KDS2"!$#("_ =B?9(":HL4c!$:8$,'*B?9N2X+#I4+-=B19?7HB46!g:"2F=B,.X=B4c1E,.% ".#&,.HB2F,.1$=B#&1 %

DTF,.HB#1$_T#&4+%.A#B?$#BF(F %'46=p!9/N=L:F(R1n#*B?$:"(X,.#Y1$HBHMN("2X#B!$\9("=B=BDT?9HL, :!$#Y8$2"?9,'=L2X1iI#&17\M!9,.HB! Nr,.2F2FR(+Ia=E#*B=&,G\T"_91$46!$("=B19, :#&2F,.=B1iL4c=L19H&RF2",'=L1$
t I \9C+=B%G1L#2"_&("I =&%i2X!9 #*&R("#&H& .L?$:?9 ", :&I [=&2" 2"!$#&2<2"!9,G #&%."=oDT:#&1754c=L1B2X(F=B%'.,G19He2X!9E#*B:(X#YH& .-?9:?9:,.1$H

a h
= &
# 6
4 9
! .
, +
B
* o
"
2 9
! R
F
M
L
= D; Nr:4+2F,.*&R+J &DT=B19,.2F=L(" 2"!9n#*B:(X#YHB
,.2"2o!$:%',.1|:M#&1@;>+#B2f("/N(",'+*-R,G1k19Ho"=B8$DT#&46h&+DT2A,G,G19 ,.De\$("?$=BD 8$8>2X:!$\3(":=LX(5!9DS=&%G#&%\ (XY$':\`&)(+/<*-,],.2"!|#&178$\k("=B#^;$#BDS;9#,.%'P ,.2f,G_2DE1'?$D 3.12"!$U4"(":!X#>!9Z =&/5%G.\ !9,G$'46!3"/0,. *-,>#&I1@q ,Gd1$4+,'("2M:#B\$F=L,GR19+H .-?9R?9n", : "!# K#&1$\]46!9R46-/5!9+2X!9:(

dDS?$#&1$(X4+Y2F,.R=B7\ 1|p\$=&("d=B2"87!987TR\i#*&I R("#&H& .-?9:?9TF, +BI j5%.#&(X(F,.*-,.1$HM8$#&46&+2"52"!$#&2[#&(X(",'*B/5!9: 1 "!"#` P 4c+R\$5 $6"/ *-, #&("

#&17\ a<$6!9S"/08$*-(",>=B$;$#o#B;98$,'("%.=B, 2f;$_8#B1;9,'U4%.", 2f!9_ #>Z<17:A,.

*p46#&!9(",.=L:FAR1h%., 19#&R[#&("dm%'=&_M%. =p;>/5+2f+/NI+j R1@
¶T2X!9#BT1$#\@*B:F=L(X#YDTHB
*p.L#&?$%.:?9?9; S$6F,"+/=T<9*p9#&,I("&,'RI [;>+2f/N+R1 $'&)( *-,
1 : 4U "!#>>Z 3$'"/ < $6""!"/0#9*-,;??$@$@&)(+&)*-(+, *-,

a1)<EU !9",G! #>8$Z(",.=B<;7"#&+;92<,.%'2",.=S2f_E2",G!9 ?7*pF#YR%G\o?95#&A 114U "4U "!!#>#>GZ F9ZUF,'Id)#YHJ21)2X!9EU !"#B#>("ZF("Z",'I *p#&%$=Ydi2"!$ 8$("+*-,'=L?$8$#B46Y:2+ "!"#CBD$@&)(+*-,9I [2X!9:("/<, :

p¹
9 OL %
#P=(
<
a 9
! 5

# B
* :
X
( Y
# &
H O.-?9:?95", +A,. De=L19,.2F=B(":\T#&dm=&%.'=p/5:Ia<!95"!"#E8$#B(FRDT#&2FR(,G,G1L2F,G#Y%.'_TF:22F= +R(F=>Ia<!9R1

/<,.2"!3:#B46!`#B("(",'*-,G19HS8$#&46&+2+-2X!9 19+/ *p#Y%G?9 "!#M,G<#&X",'HL19:\`2"!9*p#&%.?9

U" ?pEZ "!# H

/5=&2X!9!9R:(F(C dm =L(",.DeC2"?9!9%.#e,G#&<4+2"?$?$FR#&\M% .-2"?9=SR?7?98>[\$"#&, :2F[#B,.2"1$<\ ",:&59,G/5NF!9=L,G46De!n[2X"#&DS&:#YN%.,.1L4c=B2"=T17F#B2X4+#&4c1L=L2+?$I1Lq 2Cd2X2"!9!$ 2F.-,G?9DT:?$
",G;>1$:4c4+=B,.DT2A:;> :4::#&DSDT892f_M:DS"=B89DT2f_

#& 17\ I#B³71^=L(C:"R2FF,G2"DS,.DS#Y2F#&o2F,G=L191^He2X2"!9!9`%.1L#&?72F2"DE:(:;>9:/C(=&d<"!787#Y#&%.46Y1$:+2":\`2X!$,G1n#Y2E1$A4+=B2"?9=e%G\]HB,'*B!$

#*B#BSN87;>#&+(XR#&1]DTF+R2"1L:2E(N\$#e?$("("=B,.1$?9H|HL!M2"!9R,GF 2",.,GDS\9%.#YM2",'2F=L,G1MDT=&&dK2"F!$:

DT:#B1`P 8$#B#BDT468$Y%':R2A "=Y, +d[&JI &8$#&(X#&DT:2F:(XE"2"?7\9,'R\,G1 #B(F 3¶ ¶B¶ s >$'&)(+*-, 3 Y8$#B46Y:2":>$6"/0*-, 3

(XR#&&198$HBa<#&,.46!919&eHS+2X,.;>+DS++ 2f89$6/N%.:+"DT:/=1@:<'1LT32X#Y2F2F=M ,.=BFY&1V&¶$¶`$=Y#&d#B171$("\`:\V\|&2X+!9,G1V:! '8 17.-$6

?9R4:"?9#&/0o1h*-,2F;>, 3 +eodm =B,G$'o?$1$&):(+\V¶B*-¶$,9,.I1VI |1$r=L·f#Y(FS%. ,.H&19R=L1919:c(X· #Ys %.I _|2"!9;:Y_Q1$r#Y· %Gs "=3I ,G1L*&;R(F.L2",'?$HL:#Y?92F p$'(":&)\i(+I 4+*-,4

U "2"#B1$\$Ndm=L(A2"!9*B:(XF,.=B1i-BI H>I<:; #9Z"I
ov AK{:y@ J@~~ A 5 {+y y@

a<!9 8$#B("#BDT+2FR("N=&dJ &¨,.1@1$<#B(F8$("=p*-,.\$:\M,G132"!9dm=B%'.=p/<,G19HS=BD; NrR4c2":´

BI VDe-=9$\9£7 U2X´!92"@#&&\9:c d#B+?9,.2"%'!92SR*p(#Y2"%G!$?9 &Z"*pI]#Y%G?9qr1g $&2X!92"(XI ?9/$&$ ;L_-, d)2F3/NDe/N=9\9=B(X$$,G1o2X!92"@!$ F, $B+;B3_-=Y2"d[DT#B1=-\$#B/ ("$(",'*-=L,G( 19$pHVd#&8$%.#B"/ 46$ Y:,.2e1o#2X!9[:4+872"#&T462"Y!$:2
%',GY:%',G!9=-=9\n=&dDS#&(XL,.19HS,.2+I
s I qr 1h±7£&2"±7!7£9#YL¥2-R4+>#&¥ "V&L$#Y£7%G" = íH$2X!9-E£76#H *B:(X#B#Y1$H&\ .- ?9¦4:Y-?94 H$9",£7+ /<#&,.("%'e;>XE4+#&DT%'R:\h#B";L?7_|(FR2"\n!9T,G1@:";B2F_-,GDS2":#Y<2F,'Rd\V2"!9#,G*B<:(X,G5#YH&F:2<872F#&= 46Y$&:2"2 (X?9"/, :$7 I

8$#&(X#&DT+2":( £-¦Y `² e->` -9£ Iqf2<,G $pd#&%."/ $T;L_n\9+d#&?9%.2+I
7I 4 H$9£7 ´,.52"!9DT,.1$,.De?$D .-?9R?9F, +2X!$(":X!9=&%G\ $'&)(+*-,9I

t I 4¦ Y- H$-£7 ´),GA2"!9 DS# P ,GDE?$D .-?9:?9", :2"!$(":X!9=B%.@\ $'"/7*-,$I

$I £-¦& 0² e- ` --£ ´7,G2X!9<:"2F,GDS#Y2F<=&d 2X!9 #*B:(X#YH&N8$#&46&+2", :<,.1S;L_-2F::IKa<!95\9cd#B?9%.2*p#Y%G?9A,. &¶&¶7I

¹ I «7Q£ - U H9 ´)2"!$/C:,'HL!B2Nd#B4c2F=L(

,G1@4c=LDT87?92F,G19Ho2"!$ #*&:(X#YHB:\ .-?9R?9%'R19H&2X!iI

I «$/5Q¦ !9-: 13F´[:2<a<2F!9= ,G$Y,.2X("?$#@/ $38$#BU("2X#B!9DT +\92Fc2"d:#B(

?92"%.2<!7#Y*2#&%.#Y?$%.Y'=pZ"I/5
2"=@DS#&,.1L2"#&,.1#&1Q,G1B2":("*p#Y%;7:2f/C::1\$("=B8$8>:\8$#&46&+2X

7I L¤ -R9$£L á<!9,G<,GA2"!9 (":",G8$(F=94:#Y%=Yd $'"/ < Iqf2X5\9cd#B?9%.2<*#&%.?$
,GR¶$I
I JY£B& VR-DS #B´("-,G<$p2X!9d#YE%G"8$/ #B$o46Y,G1|+2A2"!$/<e,.2"4+!h#BF#oE4+2"=B!$19#&HB2 :"J 2F &,.=B13;9,G[,.2+?7 F,.R1$\|"2FR2F=3#&\i#&I[4c2XU?$a<#Y!9%. _3\$ ("=B¨8|*B87:#&(X46F,.Y=B:1`2":=Y>d#Ba1$\| ,G ("$&:2"#&(X4+?92"/ A$o2",'= d
2"!9RF4c=L19H&RF2",'=L1`;$,'2XcZXI
:¶7I *¢L#&9%.¡&?$²>Y¥&Z"9CQ¦ 2F-&=g¤ ?$"´K@a<2"!$!9,.| ,.\$[("#M=B898$·W#&2X#Y(X,.#&%ADT8>:=&2F%.:,G(54c_g2"!$/5#&!92 R#Y1 %.'=p.L/5?$::7?9/5@!$=p:*&1|R(r"b>+=p2F/52",.1$EHn=L(e,.2"5/5*p!$#&:%.1k?9E2"!92F!=h$&#2"*B(X:?9(X/#Y$|H& U2".L!9?$T:\9?9c|d#B"?9, :%.2

P 4c::\$ $6"/ *-, I
2F,.*&:Ja<%'_n!9 &2FE,.%'\$)!$cRd#&1$#&E\?$%'=&2
s 2X¶B!9*p¶$:#Y&( %G?9I87:qr#&13(X=Y#&2"d !9D 2":DT«$(X=LQ£ (F- #&U 1$H9("\^: 4c*pR#B 1L(F 2A,G4¦#&("YL1L+2"%.:H$#B92XF!$£7R#Y[NH2e2"!9#&:("#B_ò1$\#S,.DS4c89=LH$%.1 -:O DT£7HB :?71L(F2"R!$:\n#\]*B#& ,G?$1];72F=B:1$DS::1QI`#&2F¶$qr,G1]4+I ¶&#Y¶ 8$%.s #B_&)(FI 2"R,.M4:?9#&%G1$#&(:\VKM I(FR³K"%'8>=p:_94c\ ·
("?9:%G#Y4c=L2",'DS=L1$De<R#&1$1$\$\`<,G,G1n1|,G!LDS2F2X898i%'R´ DT/<:1L/<2"#&/2FI,.,.=B4+1$,.(:+I Z"=B9("2"H =SRb>?7=pF_-\ 2"p!$(" :7\ p£&H&9:71L¤L2"£ %'BI !L8$2"#BDT("#B%7Dedm=B:(52FR2X!9(CE"+;>2<:2""=2 ;>$&2":(X!$?9#/*-$`,.=BU(<2X!9=&,GdKAJ ,.A&2X!9 U,.\91|cd"#B,G?9DE%.2·
U
4 ` J( %J '!\%&
!( B
"*p ,.#&1$("4+,'RMj d("8$=B("D ,.% $6s ¶&"¶7/ Y< ZXIT2F=]qr1M2X#&!9 2"U !9£Yn97#*B¤L:£ (X#YHBDT%=9.-\9?9, O R?94+#&M2F,.F=B, +1o2F*p=@#B(FJ ,.: &d(",G=B1D 17 +¦WY-2"!9nH$987£$#&646H Y:2r2F·f=h\$("2f=B/<8$,G894c,G 19H3 ¦48$Y-(F4=LH$;$9#&£7;$6,'%.H ,'2f_ I
a<!9,GjK=B1$89=&2"2",'!$=L:1S(TDT*&R#B("Y"R,'=L1]J&,Ge2X!9De|?$#&46!e\$#BDT892F=L,.(F*&<3("=BJ ;$ &?$"2K2"2F=!$#&2"2S!$5#B\$F:#&2F8$2F2",G19TH2"!9=&|d>2"46!$!95=B8$,.4+#&`(X#&=&DTd[+8$2"#B:("(X#B De ¦4:Y-2FR("H$e-2F£7=^6H 2"!$#&31$\ 19 :2f¦W/CY =L("² I

2"(X# Mqr1`4&$=B#&(X\9<:\9(AR2""=S4:(FDT,G;7=LR19\n,'2",G1=B(< #T

H& I ,.*&R1`(":\3;$D? :(:7X#_o=B19 ;>+2f/N+R1`1$=-\$: Y. E #&1$\ Y. c 9=L194+#B1n2f_98>
QN
&&£B£B99-£B¢.¦ 7&£ )0)FY)r¡Y²7¯£&0.¤ -:`9e£L¢$Y¥ . ±7E £&Y±7.£ c© /9 `«±$/£&±7£ /
BB99£B£B¢¢ 9999¦..¦ 7&7&££W¦7R±$]$£
B9£B¢ ¦B-$.¦ 7[H &99.¦ 7Y£
' R(F 7±9 ,G[2"!9S4+?$(X(":1L2 .-?9:?$E*p#Y%G?9e#B1$\ 4¦ ]$£ ,G 2X!9e#*B:(X#YHB:\3*p#Y%G?9&I
a<!9,.[H&,.*&R #B1|=B?92X8$?92 O %.
U4+,G?71Q("("=B:?$1L(
2 4+.-#B?9F:% ?$E$&("F:, \-+M·n.-U?9;L:_|?9B?$I 2XF(,G19$$HoZC/<2X!9,.2" !Qb>2"#&!$H ("+$S 4c$$=BZ %.?7=BDT(<2X17!9+eI #a<*B!9:(X#YO HB(X:F\!2
.-,G1$?9\9R,G?94+E#Y2"":, :
M/5U!9?7:F2",G19!9HMR([2X!9,.2 ,.b>#&#`H *p$&#Y# %G?9$9eZ"I<=&a<d !92"R!$1
4c=LDT:A2"!$ 4+?$(X(FR1L2N2",.DT #B1$\ O 1$#Y%.'_`2"!9 DT=L19,'2"=B(":\n*#&%.?$&I

oFv E /{ I H+~
K{cTy B3~ JIH
h4c=B17F,G\9:(T2X!93dm=&%.'=p/<,G19H^19+2f/N=B(X \9:8$,.4+2F:\¯#&2T³K,.HB?$(" ¹ I.&´3Q|X!$#Y%.54c=LDS8$#&("`2X!9|;7R!$#*-,'=L(T=Yd

3 0 1
K³ ,'HL?$(F ¹ I'B´ [+2f/N=B(XoF:2F2",.19HSdm=L(A2"!9 "2"?7\9_n=&dJ &

4
"+*&R("#&% .L?$:?9DS#&1$#&H&RDeR1L2AX46!9RDeR+I
" # "
.%a<s , ¶B1$!9DS- EFO R/<(X4 ",'2X=&2 !]d;$\9\9? :+%.%G#:#_n(E_#BDSR1$DT#B\31$"#Y;$:HB4S#&:1$RDT\$#&/<:461L!^,.\92#&2X"!31746\!$=Y:d ;7DT#&S¶&1$¶T\9,.e/<-;$#3,G\98$2X":!],GIDT=Y8$d%' n:4c¶ \7=Lh(F1$=L;$"8V,.8$\92XR#Y(NR,.%#&2"!$46DT!i("+:I@46!$a<³#B!9a 19n,.X4+D3=B4c=BInDS17DT19:=BM4+1^2F4c,.=L=B;>1$1$=&F<2F,G2"\9?$%'RR"19(,G19:2"HT46!$Qa("+%. ,o1$,G1$#B8$!$1$?9#B\ 2
! ;* H 9 ?A: J>@7
D
B
""+2"#&2<("2"2A!$#Y 2ADT("#B# 1$P \9,.De=BD?$D2",.DT/<,G:1$:\9$=p?$/ 19,'dmF=B, +(XRDT<%'_M2F= \$

&,."¶B2"¶&("¶7,.;7IK?9a<2FR!$\n ;>;7+=B2f2F/N2F%.+::1$1`:46¶e! #B.-1$?9\ R?9 ":",4Y:I
a<,G!9RR(F¶&
¶$\9I+a<%G#!9_o2F2X,.!$% i("+2"!94c=L;71$=B192F2"R%'4cR2F19,.=B:4617

,G2"!$ :DS4c=B"DS:4YDSIC#&Q17 \ 46!$=B"#oa 87#&46Y:25F, +=&dB s ;L_-2F::I [=&2FB´ ,G13*&:(X",'=L1 s I'R; #T=Yd1$:$/5!9R1@/C2f_98>

&5 7R² YQ 7 ;6 B&£B²7.¦ 7 e9£BL +Q--£ °-° E

2"#&!$\7:\913:\i2"!9I a<#B!$4c
2X?$/5#Y!$%)=&8$%. #B46FY,GDE:2N?9"%G,#Y:2",'=L4+1n(":%G#Y#&2"":2"\`5&,.13¶e2X"!9:4& I F,GDE?$%.#&2F,.=B1`,.5 Bs 9",.174c #&1` P 2X("# t ¶S;L_-2F:A=&d!9R#&\9R(<#&("

[",G19HQ2X!9|DT=B19,.2F=L(rM· .-?9:?9`=B892",'=L12X!$#Y2S/N3X#/ #&%.(":#B\9_^,.1L:4+2F,.=B1 t I $/N|4+(":#Y2"`# O %.34:#Y%.'R\

.-?9:?$&I 2"(e/5!9=B" O (X"2e4c=B%.?7DT1g,.e2"!932F,GDT`#B1$\g2X!9 O dm2X!4+=&%G?$DS1g,GE2X!9 .-?9R?93", +n,G1g8$#B46Y:2":IV

X!$#Y%.>#&%."=E?$" #E87(F=94cR\$?$("&L4+#Y%. :\o89%.=&2",.1$\$=p/B2"=eDT=B19,.2F=L(2X!9 /<,G1$\9=p/", :::´,.2C4:(FR#Y2FR # O %'[/5!9:("

9 O L %
#P=(
2"4c!$=L1$19O R("4c"2F2<,.=B4c17=&+%G?$I DS1M,GA2F,GDT&$#B1$\n2X!9=&2X!9:(N2"!7(F:4+=&%G?$DS1$A4c=L("(":X87=L1$\o2"=T2X!9/<,.17\9=p/ ", ::N=Yd2"!92"!7(F:

4 ` J( %J '!\%&
!(
& £B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
Y&£BgL73¦R >9)r¡&9²$¦.£&7Y£9¥L¡&¦9±9¤-A¤k©W$YL¦ 3 «L/
&&£B£BR«` 3-:$¢9)r¡&¡&²$« £&^ IC¡&-c±9 A£ © -)r¡& ²7L«£Y/ «R-R «L/
Y&£B²79-¦B9.¦ ¦7& £9¥L¦-)r¡&¤-²7¤¯£Y&` ²73 ¦L9¦ £B$£L>«L/
²$1294£L¡ 357P-R73Q£-RR *¦-L¤B6 H8¡WN=V735S¦9-RCT¤-LS6 HONML²939`.¡ 37&£L¢&±$9£
U
Y7B¤B¡7P &39£¤Y±YL6 H>3 ¥Y99.¦ 7&£
7B¤B¡7&£&`3
4£ Y9.£ 7g7¦ ¨¡&±9A©7¦8 Z
4£ Y5-0ª
T
10_ -£-¦B$
&&£B£B.. Eaca£ )F)FV7YY¡&-7$$¤L¡L¡L£&¢9¢9$££.£ //7 e¦Y$¢¢9£7p7¡L¢-£7
10_ -£-¦B$£.¤ -:` e V7£BB«7£-£& H$£7&£k7¡L¢-£7
Yk¢B±L²>¤L4£ Y7¥L.¤ -R` eY. E0Y. cªC© 4A4V,ELª 2 9¡&²0I$¦Q-&¤

&&£B£BF 2>B±Y±9. 9V.¦BC+LQ-Y¡Y70c °-ª

1 +-¡Y±$Q 7&£k7¡B¢9£7
39¡L
T
&£B +S$Y;¸£B B )FY§ TFgS-7 ¡B¢9* $£/4 >B±Y. V.+LQ 7WTS,-RC 7Y TS

1F_
&B B£B 9B£-¦BYU9£-£L£¢F)W$¦ E£&9«F¦Y$G`¢9> ¡ / U £&$£L9¦B$¡BP 39¡Lµp$¦BLC -R U H7£:3LL²¬¦&$¢?39¡LJV7¡&-7¤L£&$£.7 e ¤.-:è ¢9£9¤L¦ >

U
1 ²7¦L9¦ £B$£L> 39¡L9¦&$¢-¡ 8]$¦L5-p¦WV>¤L£7 39¡LJV7£ U £Y-R-R U ¡33BL²7&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&
WW&GG£B?^^ ppG$$^¦L¦LLLp$00¦LL&&£B£Ba ) 7£&4¦-R«FY G$¦&ª $¢-¡ ^ ¦LQ-Y¦WV>¤L£ -R-63-¡LR 5/

W G ^ p$¦LLk±&£9¥B& U BB U
1 £¢94£ 35-R7£¯9¦Y$¢9¡ p$¦BLC -R U C -c £79

39¡L &£BµS$p9Y¦L£BL0I$-¬;¸.§ TF-0B S-. -()r£4* YL$²$4 a>B±Y. )FV. G+L^Q p7W$T¦BS,LJ-R C]$3-¦97Y¡L\¤p±7 £-J£L/0.¦T/ 76HS 7&¡&-$£.7pC-Y¡Y

²-T&±9£B>¢$¤p²7$¦L;69. ¦-0 B §pp$¦LL I$;6. -0B$p9¦LL0 I$;¸. -0BkY.£ 7

&¶

9 O L %
#P=(
9Y¡Lk: ¢B$±LY ²>£BV7¤L£B£4BY7«7¥L£-¤.§ TF£&-Rµ`S-e&¡Y±$+* Q$;647&>B£±YBk .¦&9YV..¢:+LEQV$7W¡B§T-ª47AS,V¬¤L£Y-RC7B¢$£.7Y¤7 $e ;6 TB6 S 2 - ¡&²Ì$¦Q-Y¤

1 5- è
3 S
YT ±$£&±7£9¥-¤L-c -+;6 BkY.EFE-ª

1 +-£&
Y ±$p±7£&±7£&±7£9:£¥-¤L+Q-c - 9-£¡Y.3¬E0L¤ Y-R.è*c¨§;F.ª-ªE9¥p.cQB]$¡ §ª-ª
1 I _ +L¡&±$Q 7&£$
39¡LS$Y£B
&&5£B7R² 5 7RY²Q 7 Y;6Q 7 §B;6TF &S-£BB< )W7R«* $£&-RF«$4¢->B@±Y¡& .U« V.£Y9+L#-Qª-W7WIªLTª_ S,WG$-RC£&$7Y¡ / TS

T
1 I _ F2 £7pC -R$¦BC -Y¡&
39¡LS$Y£B
T&£B5 7R² ` e § ;6TF S-B< )W7* $£&F«4>B@±Y .U V.£Y9+LQW7WIT_ S,+Q-R-RC` 7Ye0/ TS

10_ ¡Y-7.£ 7p5 -Y¡&

39¡LS$Y£B
YY ¦B¦BLL$$.¦.¦ 7676H>H>¥B¥B¦¦§ TFU £&£&S-99Y* .$+c4;6>B ±Y& .5BkV.7R²&+L5Q77W²`Te S,Y;6Q -R7 CB;¸7Y B TS

T
Y?7&¡Y-7£.7p0UY57² pQ7 ;6 Bg&57R² è ;6 B

9&¡L£B L$BYY ²¡&£B±$ 6Q 7&£$Bb§ TF)r&5S-7² * $YQ4>B7 ±Y;6 . V.+LB^Q¦&7W-T$S,¦.76H7-RC¥$7Y&¡&±$.7&T£ S I

1 I
3 S
F3
;

/
T

1 ¦B9¦ £B-5-L&¦B5-Y¡& ¡3?I _ &¡&±$.7&£7

39¡LS$Y£B
&T 5 7R² YQ 7 ;6 §BTF&S-£B ²7* $.¦ 47 e9>B±Y£B .L V.+Q+L--Q£7WT°-S,° E-RC7Y TS

1 +.7[H7£L¢B±>¤B£¯4£ ]$£&- 9 39¡L H7£ I ¦ U £&9

39¡LS$Y£B-¬§ TFS-.-(* $4>B±Y .V.+LQ7WTS,-RC7Y\-JTS

YY ¦B¦B¬¬$ 2p±999¦LL¦B0C I$-Y¡Y;¸. -0B 4 3LRB4

²3LL;6
². -0;¸.Bk-0pB $¡&p9² ¦LL

T
4 ` J( %J '!\%&
!( 7

²$9¤L¡L¡ V77¦9²7¤¤L¡BP>B-:±&$ .¢9VL¡&+L«?QS&7 57².+L¡&±$Q7&£35-&¤L£Je.TFS

U
&&£B£B7C ¡Y-6 « £)FªCp©r0ªgc 7¡&L« /
&- 38£B\S-W7«Le $¢a)F&§ 5TF7²LS +-¡&±$Q7Y£&£B7«-9¢ /

²-±9 ¯¥Y$¡&7£&«>L¤ -R7£¯W 35-&¤L£ Y$¡&« &¬L 7«-$¢Y

T £9¤9&£FS

- 38S-W e *0W >B±&. V.+BQ 7TFS

-
² ±9 ¯¥Y$¡&7£&«>L¤ -R7£¯W 35-&¤L£ L 7R«-$¢ & T

- 38S0 e 04 >&±&. V.+L. 7PTS

T
Y ²-±9¦Bd ¯)r£4¥Y$YB²$¡&70£&«>Y7L¤ ¡&-R«79£¯&WC35-c -&¤L£4£/ c²>L ¤B7R«-¡B$ ¢ -RY9¢9¡&« T Y57².+-¡Y±$Q7&£ 435-&¤L£ We 9T

1 IH7£¯²$9.¡ 7&£B¢B±$9£]R« -&¤-¤k7¡&F « V78£ 7&¦9¤L¤L£L?¢ 39¡L T¦9S¤-¤ 5 7R² &¡Y±$Q7&£7

39¡LS$Y£B § TFS- * $4>B±Y .V.+LQ7WTS,-RC7Y
YT ¦B ªC©c§ c²7¤L¡B -:$¢9¡&«&5 7² YQ 7 ;6 BgYC« -R$¢9¡&« ^ IC-c £

&)F£BY 3Q¤L-&-R`¤LeM£ Y)F.YE Y .c4¡YR/ -$±7¡L£&9±7¥ £9 ±7¥9&£&¦±$ 7£ ²>Y¤BL£9E0¥&Cp-c. c£L¡&±L )r¡&²7£Y ±7£&±7£C©W9kL« /0ªC©rª-°4/

YYkB¦B±Ld )r4£ YB²$0 2 ±$9¦&C -Y¡&L / 35-RC -L6 H

a#&;9%. ¹ I.&´K2"4+%"4:(F,G892<\$(X8$(X#Y,.%I 2"4+%

s
9 OL %
#P=(
&?$(F,G19He2"!9Y¶eFR45=YdF,GDE?9%G#Y2",'=L1o2F,GDT&92X!9
"=B?7("4+ (FR4c:,'*B:\ &s &5a ¯8$#B46Y+2X+I P 2C/N[89%.=&2N2"!$
-. ?9:?$ F, +SU³K,.H7I ¹ I s Z#B1$\`2"!9/<,G1$\9=p/ F, +oU³,.H7I ¹ I $Z"I

100 200
90 180 ’win’ using 1:2
80 160 ’win’ using 1:3
70 140 ’win’ using 1:4
60 120
50 100
40 80
30 60
20 40
10 ’queue.tr’ using 1:5 20
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
³ ,.HB?7(F ¹ I s ´
?9R?9F, +:*&=B%.?92",'=L1 ³K,.HB?$(" ¹ I $´K,G1$\9=p/¬F, +=Yd#Y%.)a 4c=L1$19:4+2F,.=B1$

[
"
+
5

d "
( B
=
D X
2 9
! O L
H $
? "
( :

X
2 $
! Y
# N
2 "
2 $
! :
"
( G
, C
# $
! '
, L
H o
! '
% :
&
* :
>
% &
=
d F
9
_ $
1 6
4 $
! "
( B
= $
1 , R Y
#
2"2"!$!7+#Y_Q2[4+#&=B%'(X(F%'R=L"F8>M=B8$17#B\@46Y2F=n:2"2X!9#Y=B2"E2X!9=&nd2"X!9#&TDT/<o,G2F1$,G\9DT=p&/5I :|#B=B1$("\|+=p2"*B!$:T(:i#/C*B:M(X#Y!$H&# *Bo.-?9!9R,'?9HLe!"=B, X:4cE,.%',GG[#Y2"#B,'(F=L=L19?$=B1$\ =&dNM2X!98$ #B46.-Y?9+:2X?9+Ì[a<F, +!9R,.

F
2 .
, B
= S
1 >
; +
f
2 N
/ +
R
o
1 "
2 9
!
<
/ G
, $
1 9
\ p
=
/ "
, : :
:
´

DT:#B1$A2"!$#&2<2"!9R(F,G5#&13#&\7\9,'2",'=L1$#Y%)#*B:(X#YHB .-?9:?$+,G19Ho\9+%G#_M/5!9,G46!3/ .-?$#Y%G
3 ¶B|¶ Ls :¶

3 Y¶ - t-s $

2"" !$+2T4Q =BDT1g8;=B@ 2X19¡!9,.2F|$&=L(FDS"%+&,G19#"HgP ,.2"Dea<=-?$!9=&DS%Go\$dm.-("=B=B?9(`8-:?$·2"2"!$3#&V,'"% , ,G:.-1$3?9F2X:#B#&?$1$1LT\ 2"#B4:$619#&+1h"=L/ ;>?$< on"F#B+,G1$DE2S\?92F=^%G##Y*&2"#hR:("\h*p#&#YH&?7%GIF?9,G@19.-H@?94c:%.#M=B?$"VJ ` &%.2":=19HB:2";$:!D?("=7=&I]:d (
a<J /<!9&,',G2XST ! #YI $'%.'=p&)dE(/5*-T4+, =B?$?$3 T(X"$'2F&=^<"?$/2"!$"*-,

¢-9¡Y²>¥&$Q¦ -Y¤ 8$#&(X#&DT:2F:(A!$#B<!$#*&

2"!$*#&%.?$ $Y2"(X?9 $$I
" ! " " ! "
\9:`%.#_^(X?$#h1g"#V+:"\ :4+s=B1$,.\]1g"#&,G%'DEC?92"!9%G#Y32",'F=L,G1]DE?$/<%.#&,'2X2F!g,.=B2X1$!9e`F,GX1$#&4cDT3n?$8$19#B%., ("&DSM#&2"+!$2F`R("":+I :\][¶7=&2FK`,'2e2"!$/<#&,'2E%.C/NHL`?$(X46#&!91L=-2F=L:oFo2"dm!9=L3( "2X#B!9De3`(X#&("17#B1$1$\9\9=B=BDD
43 5 ! >@7 : 9; ?A7 9*(+? 9;: H&? ;?A( 9 *8$ =87 ;? 9;:*$
0
8$#B("#B&De?$:(F,G2F19RH("A2"#&!$(" Y?$¶FFRR\34N,.=Y1@d #Y",G%.DE)"?9,.De%G#Y?92",'%.=L#&1E2F,.=B2",.1$DT:&I B2"!95"=B?7("4+A(":4++,.*&R\ 7:¶

a ]8$#&46&+2":Y"%',.HB!L2F%._EDT=B("A2"!$#B1
/<¹ I,.-2"Z!h#B2X1$!9\ne2X\7!9(F=L8|/<,G2"1$#&\9,'%K=p4+/¬#BFFM, +SU/5U!9³K:,.("H7EI ¹ /NI ¹ eZXI !7#&\ &s & 87#&46Y:2"+Z"I [ P 2
/CT89%'=B2 2X!9 .-?9R?9T", +MU³,.H7I ¹ I t #B1$\

e
"
+

d "
( B
= l
D X
2 9
! O

B
H $
? "
( :
"
2 $
! &
# [
2 X
2 9
! :
"
( E
G
, [
$
1 `
= "
-
_ 7
1 6
4 $
! F
( L
= 9
1 , : Y
# "
2 '
, L
= @
1 7
;
2"2"!$!$e \$#*&(F=LR("8n#&2XH&#Y,.%.-4+?9#B:F?9&eZ"IF, a<+ !-?$,G ADe2"!$?$ 46!@#*&%.:=p(X/C#YRHB(A[2"\9!$:#B%.#1|_n,.1@=Yd2X2X!9!9E \$4c("=L=B1$8@19R2X#Y4c2F,.%,.=B4:17#&A"&2"´!-?$,.2 5,G#& %."#B=T(F=LX?$DS1$#Y\%.'R:(+¶@9U,.,.2<17,GF 2":#&\@=&d T,G1

:
f
2 C
/ :
:
h
1 X
2 9
! E
<
/ G
, $
1 9
\ p
= ¨
/
"
, + :
:
i
&
# $
1 h
\
"
2 $
! &
# 2
3 :¶ ¶&|¶ Ls :¶
3 ¹ D ¹&¹ $

'
H&:E2e=BDe;7?$F46R!](F*Bd#B2"F!$2":#&(T2 #&,G1$1$F\g2":X#BDS\@#Y=Y%.'dR(2"!$*pE#&%G("#&,G#Y("H&2F,.=B17=B"X1]4c,.% ,G.1g#&2F,.;>=B=&1$2X<!g=&/<d,G2"1$!9\9% =p.-/?9:"?9, :e3F#B, +EE/N#B+1$%.\|N#B2X!9 E.-/<?9R,G?91$`\9=p"/µ, +&"I, :::7 /NO e1719#Y=p%.'/ _

J194c=L=B &1$2F,G194cRS4c\92F2",.,.!$\=B#&1)#Y2 9%. \$/5=p?$/¨!9(",.,.462"1$!@!9H3 X2X!9.-!9=p?9o/5RF?9N,GSDE2"!$2F?$#&=3%.25#&HB2F",.("!$=B=p=B1i/¨(")2A*&2X;7!9R?$(F _|(".-"2"De?9<:?$?$#B46(FS!Q1$\7,G+1$?$*&\9(FR:,G(19:\@H@=p*&192"R!$=&(rT2<b7=p8>2X/N(":#B1$:1$\)#&"%' ,', R+?$1BR1$2\3%',GXY/<89S,',.2X&2"!ò!$MJ #Y2&4+#&2"T"!9SI o=Y;>dA+\$HB,.(F1$=L1$8h,.192XH@#Y,.%=&IdC2"!$+2

8$(F=p*-,G\9
,.1@a#&;9%. ¹ I s 2X!92"4+%X4+(",.892A/N?$FR\iI
4 ` J( %J '!\%&
!( B

70 14
’ave.tr’ using 2:3
’cur.tr’ using 2:3
60 12
50 10
40 8
30 6
20 4
10 2
’ave.tr’ using 2:3
0 0
³K%G?9,'2FHL,.?$=B("1 ¹ I t ÓN?$(X(":1L2<#&1$\|j *&:(X#YHB .-?9R?9E", :+*B=Y· ³K%G?9,'2FHL,.?$=B("1i ´¹ # I9:Ó=L=LND ?$(X(":1L25#&1$\@j *&:(X#YHB .L?$:?9 ", :+*B=Y·
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 10 15 20 25 30

14
’win’ using 1:2
’win’ using 1:3
12 ’win’ using 1:4
10
³K?$(X,'HL#Y?$2",'("=L 1 ¹ I ¹ ´K,.1$\$=p/0", :
=&d#&%')a 4c=L1$19R4c2F,.=B17 dm=L(AJ5:\3;$?D:(5/<,'2X!3#B?92F=LDS#Y2F,G4
8$#&(X#&DT+2":(A4c=L1 O H&·
8 10 12 14 16 18 20

t

9 O L %
#P=(
& £B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
Y&£BgL73¦R >9)r¡&9²$¦.£&7Y£9¥L¡&¦9±9¤-A¤k©W$YL¦ 3 «L/
&&£B£BR«` 3-:$¢9)r¡&¡&²$« £&^ IC¡&-c±9 A£ © -)r¡& ²7L«£Y/ «R-R «L/
Y&£B²79-¦B9.¦ ¦7& £9¥L¦-)r¡&¤-²7¤¯£Y&` ²73 ¦L9¦ £B$£L>«L/
²$1294£¡L357P-R73Q£-RR*¦-L¤B6H8W¡ N=V735S¦9-RCT¤-LS6 HONML ²939`.¡ 37&£L¢&±$9£
U
Y7B¤B¡7P &39£¤Y±YL6 H>3 ¥Y99.¦ 7&£
7B¤B¡7&£&` 3
£44£ Y$Y$£LL£ 77 U 99£&£&²² R¦ gg99£B£B¢$¢$¥¥ ±7±7£Y£Y±7±7 £C£C©© Z99 ,0,\¦W7R±$]$N£C©© 99

4£ Y9.£ 7g7¦ ¨¡&±9A©7¦8
4£ Y5-0ª
U
T
10_ -£-¦B$
&&£B£B.. Eaca£ )F)FV7YY¡&-7$$¤L¡L¡L£&¢9¢9$££.£ //7 e¦Y$¢¢9£7p7¡L¢-£7
10_ -£-¦B$£.¤ -:` e V7£BB«7£-£& H$£7&£k7¡L¢-£7
Yk¢B±L²>¤L4£ Y7¥L.¤ -R` eY. E0Y. cªC© 4A4V,ELª 9 G 2
&&£B£BF 2>B±Y±9. 9V.¦BC+LQ-Y¡Y70c °-ª
1 +-¡Y±$Q 7&£k7¡B¢9£7
39¡L
T
&£B +S$Y;¸£B B )FY§ TFgS-7 ¡B¢9* $£/4 >B±Y. V.+LQ 7WTS,-RC 7Y
TS
&B B£B 9B£-¦BYU9£-£L£¢F)W$¦ E£&9«F¦Y$G`¢9> ¡ / U £&$£L9¦B$¡BP 39¡Lµp$¦BLC -R U H7£:3LL²¬¦&$¢?39¡LJV7¡&-7¤L£&$£.7 e ¤.-:è ¢9£9¤L¦ >
1F_

U
1 ²7¦L9¦ £B$£L> 39¡L9¦&$¢-¡ 8]$¦L5-p¦WV>¤L£7 39¡LJV7£ U £Y-R-R U ¡33BL²7&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&
WW&GG£B?^^ ppG$$^¦L¦LLLp$00¦LL&&£B£Ba ) 7£&4¦-R«FY G$¦&ª $¢-¡ ^ ¦LQ-Y¦WV>¤L£ -R-63-¡LR 5/

W G ^ p$¦LLk±&£9¥B& U BB U
4 ` J( %J '!\%&
!( L

9&¡L£Bµ£¢9$p9£4Y35¦L£BL-R70I$£¯-¬;¸9.§ ¦YTF-0$B ¢9S-¡. -()r£4* YL$p²$$4a¦B>BL±Y .C)FV.-RG+LÛQp7WC$T¦B-c S,LJ£7-R9 C]$3-¦97Y¡L\¤p±7 £-J£L/0.¦T/ 76HS 7&¡&-$£.7pC-Y¡Y

1
3 S
²-T&±9£B>¢$¤p²7$¦L;69.¦-0 B §pp$¦LLI$;6.-0B$p9¦LL0I$;¸.-0BkY£.7

1 5-:` e V7£BB«7£-£&µ&¡Y±$Q 7&£¦&9: ¢ V$¡B-7¤L£Y7.£ 7 e TS

YYk ¢B±$±L²>£&±7¤L4££9Y7¥-¥LL¤ .¤-c -R`-e ++;6;6 BkBkYY.. EEFE-§4ªª AV¬B¢$¤ $;6 B6 2 -¡&`² I$Q¦ -Y¤

T
1 +-£&
Y ±$p±7£&±7£&±7£9:£¥-¤L+Q-c - 9-£¡Y.3¬E0L¤ Y-R.` e*c¨§;F.ª-ªE9¥p. cQB]$¡ §ª-ª
&&£B£B99-£B¢¦.7&£ )0)FY)r¡Y²7¯£&0.¤ -:`9e£L¢$Y¥ . ±7E £&Y±7.£ c© /9 «`±$/£&±7£ /
BB99£B£B¢¢ 9999.¦.¦ 7&7&££W¦7R±$]$£
B9£B¢ ¦B-$¦.7[H &99¦.7Y£
1 I _ +L¡&±$Q 7&£$
39¡LS$Y£B
&&5£B7R² 5 7RY²Q 7 Y;6Q 7 §B;6TF &S-£BB< )W7R«* $£&-RF«$4¢->B@±Y¡& .U« V.£Y9+L#-Qª-W7WIªLTª_ S,WG$-RC£&$7Y¡ / TS

T
1 I _ F2 £7pC -R$¦BC -Y¡&
39¡LS$Y£B
T&£B5 7R² ` e § ;6TF S-B< )W7* $£&F«4>B@±Y .U V.£Y9+LQW7WIT_ S,+Q-R-RC` 7Ye0/ TS

10_ ¡Y-7.£ 7p5 -Y¡&

39¡LS$Y£B
YY ¦B¦BLL$$.¦.¦ 7676H>H>¥B¥B¦¦§ TFU £&£&S-99Y* .$+c4;6>B ±Y& .5BkV.7R²&+L5Q77W²`Te S,Y;6Q -R7 CB;¸7Y B TS

T
Y?7&¡Y-7£.7p0UY57² pQ7 ;6 Bg&57R² è ;6 B

9&¡L£B L$BYY ²¡&£B±$ 6Q 7&£$Bb§ TF)r&5S-7² * $YQ4>B7 ±Y;6 . V.+LB^Q¦&7W-T$S,¦.76H7-RC¥$7Y&¡&±$.7&T£ S I

1 I
3 S

F3
;

/
T

1 ¦B9¦ £B-5-L&¦B5-Y¡& ¡3?I _ &¡&±$.7&£7

39¡LS$Y£B
&T 5 7R² YQ 7 ;6 §BTF&S-£B ²7* $.¦ 47 e9>B±Y£B .L V.+Q+L--Q£7WT°-S,° E-RC7Y TS

¹

9 O L %
#P=(
1 +.7[H
3 S
7 L
£ B
¢ >
± B
¤ ¯
£ 4]$£&- 939¡LH7£ I ¦ U £&9
£
9Y¡L ¦B$¬Y£B$p9-¬¦LL§ 0TFI$S-;¸..-(-0*B $4R4>B3L±Y .L²
V.+L;¸.Q-07WTB S,p9¦L-RCL7Y\-JTS

YT ¦B¬ 2 ±99¦BC-Y¡Y 43LB²

;6.-0Bkp$¡&²

²$9¤LL¡¡ V77¦9²7¤¤L¡BP>B-:±&$ .¢9VL¡&+L?« QS&7 5 7.² +L¡&±$Q 7&£ 35-&¤LJ£ e.TFS

U
&&£B£B7C ¡Y-6 « £)FªCp©r0ªgc 7¡&L« /
&- 38£B\S-W7«Le $¢a)F&§ 5TF7²LS +-¡&±$Q7Y£&£B7«-9¢ /

²-±9 ¯¥Y$¡&7£&«>L¤ -R7£¯W 35-&¤L£ Y$¡&« &¬L 7«-$¢ Y

T £9¤9&£FS

- 38S-W e *0W >B±&. V.+BQ 7TFS

-
² ±9 ¯¥Y$¡&7£&«>L¤ -R7£¯W 35-&¤L£ L 7R«-$¢ & T

- 38S0 e 04 >&±&. V.+L. 7PTS

T
Y ²-±9¦Bd ¯)r£4¥Y$YB²$¡&70£&«>Y7L¤ ¡&-R«79£¯&WC35-c -&¤L£4£/ c²>L ¤B7R«-¡B$ ¢ -RY9¢9¡&« T Y57².+-¡Y±$Q7&£ 435-&¤L£ We 9T

1 IH7£¯²$9.¡ 7&£B¢B±$9£]R« -&¤-¤k7¡&F « V78£ 7&¦9¤L¤L£L?¢ 39¡L T¦9S¤-¤ 5 7R² &¡Y±$Q7&£7

YT ¦B ªC©c§ c²7¤L¡B -:$¢9¡&«&5 7² YQ 7 ;6 BgYC« -R$¢9¡&« ^ IC-c £

YYkB¦B±Ld )r4£ YB²$0 2 ±$9¦&C -Y¡&L / 35-RC -L6 H

a#B;9%. ¹ I s ´K2"4+%"4:(F,G892<(":\iI 2"4+%

4 ` P% ! ' ! (

" " " "
-P ?$#B«$87DT£Q87-=L8$F%'MBH9e /N#&o9XªCX/<?$©r,GDTª"E!^gIi2"a</C=V!9\9R/<1Ò ,./N19X!µM"=B2F!$=0?7=B(?9!$=p%G#\@/5*&1^g#&\$8$,G\`1µ#&(X2"=L#&!9?$DT (V+4+2"=B8$:DS("(X+

DS*-dm,.#&=B=B1$(E?$\7hJ &P l#&DS("#&892"%.!9R (¦42"Y !$#BS&1]HQ?$TFn-2"ª !9n \$-Rc d#&?$SY%'2eHQ=BT 19LR®9+ª I3#B³71$=L\ (
5 ! >@7 : 9; * 9 & 6H&? ( ? 9 %

U
Y±Y±77£Y£Y±7±7££ WWGG 22 &&£B£Bk H$¦4YL-£7H$6 H9£7[H-ª #-ª

Y±7£Y±7£ WG 2 &£B «$Q£ - U H9 ªC©rª-ª E

qrDS87a<=L!9(F2X#&("1L:2<X?919%'=&2"2",.&1$´HT2X/<!9:,G1$"\9=p4c/ =LDT#&DS1$\ #B1$.-\$?9<R?9X!9=BF?9, +%G\3 8$;7(" =98$4cR?$"25":#YA2<#&2"("!$
H&;7,.*&:H&:1`,G1$19,G1`,G19³KH7,.$HB;>?$c("dm:=L (F¹ I 2"
T!$#&17%'\,G1$¹-I5#&("(":X87\9R 4cO 2"19,'*B:+\ %._&I

100
’ave.tr’ using 2:3 200
80
60
120
40
100
80
20
60
40
0
20
³K%G?9,'2FHL,.?$=B("1 ¹ I ÓN?$(X(":1L2<#&1$\|j *&:(X#YHB .-?9R?9E", :+*B=Y·

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
md³K=B,'(AHL?$J (": \@¹ ;$I

$?D´<:( ,G1$\9=p/ F, +e=YdC#&%'Ka 4+=B1$1$:4c2",'=L1$

Y¶7Ia<=B!92F 1-2X!$?$#YDE2<;>/<:(A,.2"=&!@dK2Xa!9 8$#&8$(X#&#BDT46Y:+2F2X:A(X(FNR2"4c!$+#&,.*&25R/N\n \$?746!9(F,G=B19"Ho&92"2X!$!9 F.-,GDE?9:?9?9%G#Y2"%.,':=L1$1nH&/A2"!7#&5 #&&("s sY:I 8$25#&("=B?$\3#&1@#*&R("#&H&[=Yd

ov G ey|{6E{:y@h
.-?$#&1L,G2"1L,'2"2"(",'R=9M\$?$"4c?7Q46!k,.10#Bo2"!$%'=L,.@"""::o4c2"#B,'1$=L1\¯#&2X!9DTV=B?7b>1B=p2S/ =&DTd
=B2X("19#B,.2F1$=L"(+DT[,.2F/52":!9\ ,.46! 2"(X#,.@M#B4Y1I QMV4+,'XR!$1B#&23%'5/ADT#_ =9\92",'= dm_kDT2X=L!919h,'2"1$=BM(3X874+R(",.(r8$·Wb72o=p=Y/ d

X!9=B("j02"a<b74:=p8 / s I DT2"4+=B%1$U,'a2"=B#&(X;9C%. #St "I ,.t DSZ892F=o%. P ,G1$%.4c, %G17?$>\9$ "=T#T/CJ &O (XF;$2A?D\9 :O (A19/<,.2"2"!9!|DT%., =L1719o,'2"/C=B
(",.1$/<H7,G"I !`2F=SDT=B19,.2F=L(+´;>\$ O 19R\i9&I H7I
QN
&£BF 3$L¤ -R` e )FY` -6 7²>¤L4£ Y$¥-.¤ -R` e¯4 > 2 E4AV§¸ G 2 /
#&17\n2X!9:1@2X!9b7=p/A·fDe=L19,.2F=B(C,G5\9 O 19:\@#&Ndm=B%'.=p/5N/<,'2X!@(FR"8>:4+2<2F=S2"!9,G<%., 17>´
&&£B£BkF 3p ¡YL¡&d35-&¤L)FY£ )f¡& ²74¦£&e9£ 3$¡&¤LA¡&«Y© 9¡& L« / -p0¢ /
Y4 3p ¡&¦BL$¦B-¦.$76H>.¦ ¥W7[H3p R¡& ¡&L43$3Q¤.-&¤L-R0£ e043p ¡&
\9=L!919R1M#&/NN[dm=&#&%. 4+=p2F/5,.*p+#Y´ 2F[2"!9DT=B19,.2F=L(F,G19H>B/N HB+2N2"!9F2X#Y2",."2F,G4+N?$8M2"=E2X!9

#B4c2",'*-,G#Y2F,.=B1M2F,GDe
,G1M# O %.&Ia<!$,.C,.
Y ¦B¬&C -6 £ 4 3p ¡Y ¢B±& 7²
":XF,.=B1$SN1$,G 1LP 2F2:(X8$#&("4+:2F",G19:1LHS2/<,.1^,'2X!@a#&#e;9J%. &¹ I n;$2X?-!9SR(+d?9I %. "4:(F,G892 X!9=B("2FJ :\iI 2"4+%2"!$#&2#&%'.=p/5?$2"=@"2"?7\9_QX!9=B("2a

9 O L %
#P=(
&£B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
1 IH7£L9£¦L-£¬Y4£ ]$£L9¦-¤ &¡&±$Q7Y£7£-¦.7[H U £&7£L9¦&C-R U ¦& ?I _ &£7L`-Y¡& 6H7¦L5-: U ¦:V$¡B-7¤L£Y7£.7 e
1 .¤ -R` e0¦&$¢ ¦µ` -R U ¤B£¯¢9£7pC-:7¦BC-Y¡Y<©I4H7£Q-p¯-±& LV7£L,-L U -6]$£Y:V 04H7£ ²7¦L9¦ 7$£L:>9¡L¢-£>4V

+;4§ B ¥-¥-¥-¥
1
1
1
© ©© ¥-¥-¥-¥4> ¥L¥-¥-¥-¥-¥L¥-¥-¥-¥-¥L¥-¥-¥-¥ 2
+; >9¡L¢94£ >4VRB ¥-¥-¥-¥
1
1
&&£B£B _ ±-¡Y- d )r¡Y)r²7¡&²7£&£& ±9_ N¡Y-©W<]© 9L«/ L« / 11 3535-Y-Y¤L¤L8£8£ 7&7&¡&¡&99$$.¦.¦ -R-RRR -R-R U 9 H79¦&£¯ - ±&39. £LV$¯£LC-6 ¡ 3\£7k7&¡¡&-3 7¢5£L-7p30C3--Y£L¡&9 £& 97&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&

Y&£B`93-.¦ 7&)r¡&£9²$¥L£&¦-¤-¤¯¡&±9&À3 © - «L/ 1 ²7£&4H7£?I-9¦.7&£J35U -Y¤L£

&&£B£BFF >9>B±Y¡B. ¢9V7£ >4£LV ¤L¡&« E-0° c 11 >B>B±&±&. . V7V7£B£B00¡B4¡ ¢µ3F39Y¡&¤L±$¡&«Q 7&g£k²7$£L¡L¬¢9£7&¡Y ±$Q 7&£k7¡B¢9£

&£BµY¢&±$9¦BC-p¡& °-ª 1?2 ±$9¦&C-Y¡& ¡43¨`-6 7±>¤L¦B5-Y¡&

1 H7£& H7: £ 39¡-¤-¤L¡&R« -: U ²7¦L-¦ £B$£B>¦L98£ 7&¡R - £&99£L¢ n H$:£ G 2 -L

1 7&¡&L35- U ±$9£L¢¯¦&±9$¡ ¦BC-7&¦-¤-¤ A©

1 Y±7£&±7£ WG 2 Y£B H$9£7[ H °

1 Y±7£&±7£ WG 2 Y£Bk 4¦ Y- H99£76 H §°

1 Y±7£&±7£ WG 2 Y£B «7£Q- U H9 ª ©rª-ª0E

1 ¢9£ 35-RC -R U H$£$¡Y²7¡9¤L¡ U

&&£B£BF 2>d)F)FYY]]77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ //

YY&£BF 3$`±$L¤-6 7£&-R`²>±7e£9¤L£4¥-Y$L¤ )FY¥--c ¤.-R-è` 4-6 7>¬ 2²>¤L244£ >Y$°-¥-ª§.¤ A-RV` e¯§¸ 4 > 2 29¡&²0E4AI$V¦Q-&¤§¸ G 2 /

1 ±7£&±7£g ¡YR -$¡LQ -R U G 2

&&£B£B99-£B¢¦.7&£ )0)FY)r¡Y²7¯£&0.¤ -:`9e£L¢$4¥ >0 ±7£&2±7/£ © 9±7£&«`±7/4£ /

BB99£B£B¢¢ 9999.¦.¦ 7&7&££W¦7R±$]$£

B9£B¢ ¦B-$¦.7[H &99¦.7Y£
1 >9¡B¢9£7k¦&$¢0.¤ -:` e
39¡LS$Y£B
Y&£Bk¢B+±L;¸²> ¤L4£B Y7¥L)FY.¤§ TF-R`gS-e7 ¡B+¢9* $£ ;6/4>9¡BBk¢94£>>4VQ§RT9ª-S4ª AV-:C7Y§¸ 2 -TF¡&`²S I$Q¦ -Y¤

T
Y ±$£&±7£9¥-¤L-c -+;6 Bk4>§Rª-ª

4 ` P% ! ' ! (

1
&&£B£BkF&£B 3p ¡YL3$¡&d35¤L¡&-&«k¤L)FY£ ¡Y)fR¡& ²7-$¦4£&e9¡L£ 3$¡&¤LA¡&«Y© 9¡& «L/ -p¢0/
Y43p ¡&¦BL$¦B-¦.$76H>¦.¥W7[H3p R¡& ¡&L43$3Q¤.-&¤L-R0£ e043p ¡&
1 I _ +L¡&±$Q 7&£$ `¢9£7C -R7¦B5 -Y¡& 7&¡&L7£.7pC-p¡&

39¡LS$Y£B-¬§ TFS-.-(* $4>9¡B¢9£>4VQT9S-:C7Y\-:TFS

39¡L
&&£B£B 55S$7R7RY²²£BYQ`7 e ;¸.§ ;6TF.- - ¸S- ¸ B *B<$)W74 )7>B£Y?«±Y£&. «F@V7U@£L£& 9£&-¤LW¡&IW«I_ _T9WS\>9+Q£&-R«$`-RCe`97Y/£Y7¡4/ TS

&&5£B?7R²eYQ 7 )r4£ ;¸YL. ²$- ¸ L -B&§£&ª-ªLª 3Q$-p¢ / W Ue

&Y57R ²¦BYLQ$7 .¦ ;¸.76H>- ¥B¸¦ £&B9&£& +«C;6L-R$-0¢9Bk¡&«&5 7²E-ª-YQª-ª7 ;6L - ¸ B

YY?¦B7&L¡Y-$7.¦ £.76H>7p0¥B¦ UUY5£&97²Y.27 ;6&.5 - 7X² B^` &e$5;67L ² - ¸ è$B ;6L- ¸ B

TFT
&£BF 3LB
² ;6. - X BK)FY5 7²Y. 7 ;6. - X BQ¦B-$L¦ 76H>¥$&¡Y±$Q 7&£ I /

1 £&7£L-¦B$¡L> 39¡L9¦&$¢-¡ ` -9£¡ 3F35-&¤B£7©

B&&B£B£B U BB§ U&£-EM§K£L¢)W)W77ª£&£&«FF« G`G`>> //

BB U E U&£-£L¢ª
1 G$¦&$¢9¡R -R9$£L9¥L¦L-5 -[]$¦9¤^C -c £7 ¡ 3?I _ 9-¦& 39£B¦B £-¦.76H¨&¡&±9Q7&£8-

&£B?G ^ )W7£Y«G9¦&$¢9¡ ^ ¦L5-Y¦ V>¤L£ 4YL²7¡p7£Y95-p¦9¤ /
W G ^ &£&¬4¦ ] U ªC© c

W G ^ ±Y£9¥BB U &B U §
1 G$¦&$¢9¡R ` -9£¡ 3F35-&¤L£$g$¡-9¦&+ -
WW&GG£B?^^ +Q+QG--^99+Q£0£0-9&&£&£&£ ¨)W$¦W[ H7]£&F«U¦&²7G$£ ¦&§$ª-¢9ª-§¡RªL©r °ª ^ ¦L5 -pW¦ V>¤L£ ¦B9£&9¡ /

W G ^ +Q-9£k±Y£9¥BB U BB U E
1 £$¡&«0¢9£ 35-R$£ H7J £ V7£ U -RLR -R U 5 -c £7k¡ 399¦Y 39£L7¦&$¢H7£¯9-¦& 39£B `-9£7
1

9
@ -
5 6
- 9
] 9
¦ $
¤
¡ µ
3 &
7
£ L
` Y
- &
¡
39¡9¤-¤L¡Y«¬¦ Q¡ -B-&¡&¯²99.¡ 7&£7L©
39¡L S$YY£B£B-¬§ )FTFpS-g. 7-(¡&* L«$/4 >9¡B¢9£ >4VQT9S-:C 7Y\ -:TFS
1

3-¡LS$&£B § TSL * $W>B±& .V7£B ¤L¡&« WT S\-:C 7Y3- -¡ TF&¡&S ±$Q 7Y£¦&$¢0¦B-95 - V-±9$£7
1 &£B H7P £ V7£ U -R-R -: U C -c £ 4¡ 37W£ Y-99¦& 39£LJ

&&&QQ£&77²²dYYQQ 77 )r4£ ;6;6YB.. ²$-- 0¸¸ & B]B]&&£B£B¨¨)FW Gp&$^£7¦L-]$L¯¦9>¤Y ±7&4£ /0/

&Q 7²YQ 7 ;6&. 5- 7¸² pQB]7 &;6£B.- ¸7 ¡L¢9Bg£ &£B. µ- `--£a)f£4YL²$a)FWG ^ +Q-9£9]$¦9¤Y±7£4/0/

Y¯¦B )F&5 7² YQ 7 ;6L - ¸ Bg&£Bµp9¦LL / R4 3LL

² ;¸. - ¸ B&£Y$a¢ )F&5 7² YQ 7 ;6L - ¸ Bg&£Bµ`- 9£/

1 ±-²9¢9¦B$£ H$£-±Y. V7£L¡ 3F3$¤L¡Y«

T0T
Y ¦Bd)F&57R²YQ7 ;¸.- ¸ BgY£B $¦LL / 7&¡&±L9 ¤L¡Y«.- §

¶
9 OL %
#P=(
39¡LS$Y£B § TFS- * $4>9¡B¢9£>4VQT9S-:C7Y

T
&£B _ - ;6 Bª

TFS
1 IH7? £ 39¡9¤-¤L¡Y«R-R U ²$9¡.7&£B¢B±$9£-B7&¦-¤-¤L£L¢ «0H$£&7£4]$£B¦7&¡Y-7£.7p5-Y¡&£Y$¢>

@ U £Y9 WI _ -RpB²$9¡.7g¢-¡&7£FS0TFS
U ¤L¡ V7¦9¤k5 7² YQ 79>9¡L¢-£ >4VF>B±&L V7£L ¤B¡&« PG ^ 3LL² ±-057R² èPG ^ +Q--£

1 ²$5 -R9 -R¬ ±9 o7¡L¢9£ V&£7-` -p¡& Vp$¦BLC-c £ £&$¢C-c £ 3¢B±$9¦B5-Y¡&
1 99¦&&¥Y²è- M99¦Y+ i¥ V -$£7 o9£B-9¦&B¥ V -$£7 oH99¡&± U HL²-±9

²-&±9£B0 ¯¢B)F±$Y9 ±-¦B]5 7-Y¡Y¡&«La )F/$&)r&W££9µYLW¤ ²$3 M&¢B&±$£B)F9Y¦B75¡L-Y$¢9¡&¡&4£ L«//0&dYda¥ )F$)r)r$$Y£9&&£9£9¤434¤4¤ 33 &£BYY£B£B $¢-Y$£7¦B$¦L-L¦& ²7/¦L &/J7 de / / )F$&Y£94¤ 3 &£B¨p$¦BL / Y

)F$&£9W¤ 3 &£B$¢9¦B9W¦ V -$£$ / Yd)r$&£94¤ 3 Y£B $94£ Yp - V L$£7 / &
)r4£ YL²$M )r$&£94¤ 3 Y£B$¢9¦B$¦ V -$£7 / -B¢&±$-¦B5 -p¡& /

7&¡&±-9 ¤L¡&«K)F$&£9¤W3 &£B7¡L¢9£4/0ª

1 IH7? £ 39¡9¤-¤L¡YR« -R U 9.£ 7±$7` -6]$£²99.¡ 7&£L¢&±$9£±-²9¢9¦B$£7g4 H7£ -±&. V7£B¡ 37Y¡&-7.£ 7C -Y¡&
T

1 ¦7¦?3B±-57pC-Y¡&¡3 5-c £C© $¦.7[H¬ª ©E,- ²95-R9 g4H7£ K-R9$¡ _ ¡&-<© IHC-L

1 -L¯¢-¡&7P £ V 7&¦9¤-.¤ -: U H7£¯²$9L¡ 7&£L¢B±$-£R« - H4 H7£ p` - U V²$¦L9¦ £&$£L£ ±7¦9¤
1 c*; -:00« HC-76H\7&¦7Y£4 H7£ W-R$¢ Q²7¦B9¦ £B9£L¯¢9¡-£$$¡B²>¤L¦ 0¦9¡9¤LQ£ B© IH7£

1 ²$9¡.7&£B¢B±$9£-B¦9¤9&¡87&¦9¤-¤L£B¢PV 04H7£ :¢9¡&7£ V²$9¡.7&£B¢B±$9£«H7£&7£4]9£L¦,7&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&

1 3-9¡ &¡&±9Q 7&8 £ - £&$¢> V ¦7-` - U R -R U H7£ Y` - U V²7¦L9¦R £B$£L¯ª V¡B0« H$£&

1
- F $
V £ U R
-
V 0
7
¦ -
` - U R -R U -R §
; -F-Lk²$¦7-&£L¢¯4 H$9¡&± U H H7£ W-R$¢ ]$¦L5 -Y¦ V>¤LQ£ BK©

²$1 9¤LL¡¡ V77F¦97Y¤ ¡&±-_ 99> ¤L_¡&¡&«- S>9¡L-R$¢9¢¬4£ >4V` - U , TS

&£B*- 3)+QS0-6 7±>$¤L0 ¦B- 9¡L8-?ª-RT$S¦&C&7&£B£4/ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ BK)r4£ YB²$ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ Bg¥ [§ /

T£9¤$&Q£ -63FS0$0 - U § TS &£B _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ BK)r4£ YB²$ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ B [§ /

U
T£9¤$&£FS

²-&±9£B¨ ¯±&¥Y ¨7¡Y7ª £&«>.¤ -:7£ _ ¡Y- )FY $¡&L« / &
39¡L8S$&£B
²-&±-£& ¯±Y¥Y 7¡&7)f4££Y§ «>YLT?²$.¤ S-0-R7 $£¯*±Y9 _4>9¡&µ-¡L¢9£4_>4R-VQ_TP9 S,;6 -R;6CB /7pB Y TFS

²-TY±9¯¯¦B _ ¡Y)r-4£ YL ²$a$)F±&p g7¡&L« / 0ªC© E/ 7&¡Y±-9 ¤B¡&«9§ c

TFT

²$9L¡ 7P3Q-RR -L¤B6 H8¡WV7S¦9T¤S k`3

7B¤L¡$&£ &` 3
U
Y P 39¤Y±6 H>¥Y99.¦ 7&£
£44£ Y9Y9£..£ 77 U 99£&£&²² :¦ ^^99£L£L¢$¢$¥¥ ±7±7£&£&±7±7£C£C©W©W99 ,,8¦47±$]$N£C©W©W99

4£ Y5-0ª
U
T
YY ¦B¦Bd ªC)r4£ ©rYB° ²$07Y¡&$±-Y9¢B±$ -¦B¤LC¡&«-Y¡&P§ ¥ c ª ©rª[§ / 4 3 ¡& ¢B±& $²

YYkB¦B±L¬ $Y¢&±$9¦BC-p¡& 35-:R-L6H

a#&;$%' ¹ I 7´2X4c%X4+(",G892<"!9=L(F2"J5:\)I 2X4c%

4 ` P% ! ' ! (

<
a 9
! [
7
b p
=
/ T
D B
= 9
1 .
, F
2 L
= ( O '
%
G
, $
1 c
4 G
% $
? 9
\ R
N
T
D L
= F
(
9
\ +
X
2 Y
# .
, '
% R
M
\
HB=p*&?$R,.X(F!V*-%.=p;>/+2fI/Na<+R!917 C#O %'B (F%.!$_@#BA\$(F2"=L!98$edm=BU?&%'.=pe/<Z5,G19\$HE?9Tdm=L2F("=3DS:#&#B2+(F´ %._|\9,.X4+#B("\h=YdC8$#B46Y:2":#B1$\V#B4c2X?$#Y%\$("=B8$
\$?9T2F=@;$?D:( G
, -
1 m
d B
= X
( S
D Y
# F
2 .
, B
= n
1 B
= o
1 X
2 9
!
$
\ "
( B
= o
8 f
2 9
_ >
8 &

I f
q A
2 Y
# .
% ' p
= 5
/ C
F
2 S
= 9
\ G
, F
"
2 .
, -
1 ·
BI C=&%G?$DS1VB´2"!92",.DT #Y2A/5!9,G46!$&\$?7DT8 $e/A#&<8>:(Fdm=B(XDT:\iI
s I C=&%G?$DS1$ s #&1$\|9´;>=&2X!`HB,'*B2"!9b7=p/0,.\)I
7I C=&%G?$DS1`7´1L?$%'UW# +:("=T:1L2"("_ Z"I
t I C=&%G?$DS1 t ´Kb7=p/ 2f_98>&I

$I C=&%G?$DS1$ ¹ #&1$\ ´"=B?$(X4c#&17\3\$:"2F,G1$#Y2",'=L1n=&d2X!9b7=p/I

¹ I C=&%G?$DS1$
S#&1$\ ´K2"=&2"#&%)1-?$DE;>:(<=&d#B("(",'*p#&%.N=YdK2"!$b7=p/ ,G1`87#&46Y:2"<#B1$\n,G1@;L_L2"::$(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI

I C=&%G?$DS1$
:¶T#&1$\V&&´#BDe=L?$1L2C=&dR#&("%'_M\$("=B87 =&d2"!$[b>=p/,.138$#B46Y+2XA#&1$\n,.13;L_L2"::$(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI

7I C=&%G?$DS1$A s #&1$\3R$´)2"=&2"#&%$1-?$DE;>:(K=&d#B("(",'*p#&%.=Yd#Y%.-b7=p/5K,G1e8$#B46Y:2"#&17\E,G1S;B_-2"::&(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI

I C=&%G?$DS1$
t #B1$\h9´#&DT=L?$1L2C=&d:#B(F%._o\$(F=L8$N=Yd#&%' b7=p/5N,G1n8$#B46Y:2"A#&1$\n,.1`;L_L2"::$(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI
:¶7I C=&%G?$DS1$
¹ #&1$\Q ´2"=&2"#&%)#&DT=B?71B2N=YdK\$("=B8$N=YdK#Y%.b7=p/5N,.138$#B46Y+2XC#B1$\`,.13;L_L2"::$(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI

&BI (FCR=&"%G8>?$:DS4+2F1$,.*&S+/%._&
3I #&1$\k ´[2"=&2X#Y%#&DT=L?$1L2
=&dN\$("=B87=YdC2X!9M8$#B(F2",.4:?9%.#B([b7=p/¨,G187#&46Y:2"#&17\V,G1Q;L_-2FR+

!2"$!$# *Be2"!$=B#o,.2F(XBb>\M´=pa/µ,G1e ,.=L\i("IE\$4+:qr=B(1h1$2F19=B=R?74c#&([2"87,'4:89=L#&%'1S_E"&2"2"!$!9#&/CA2 eb7F=p2X,.1$#&/ ,'("2"2"DT,.C#&=B%'#Y.19_|2C,.1$2F,.=L\$=-(+:\$Y1L R2"#&t1946ZX,'dm!TI_Va #M b7]2X=p("/¨#B4c=B1$17;LFdm_|19=B:(X,'4+D¨2X2F

,.=B2"1-1e!$?$,.De2"C!$,.;7#&1LR22"(=E/C#&#A1$=B/<\V1$,G",' 2X!e
\92F,G"=De=BDT?7R1$("=B4+"1$E,'=L,'2"191$=B=9#Y(K\9%>"3*&!$:=BU4+&?92FI =L%GH7\ ( I

#&Ndm=B%'.=p/5:´
&&5£B?7R²eYQ 7 )r4£ ;¸YL. ²$- ¸ L -B&§£&ª-ªLª 3Q$-p¢ / W e

a<!9",.De?9%.#&2F,.=B138$("=-\7?$4cR\`2X!9dm=&%. =p/<,.19HT=B?$2"8$?92 O %'R+´

BI54+?$(:I 2X(<#&1$\3#*&BI 2X(N2"!$#&25De=L19,.2F=B(A2X!9+*B=&%G?92F,.=B1`=Yd2"!9 .-?9R?9 ", :#B1$\`,'2X5#*&R("#&H&:\M*&:(X",'=L1 L
s I 1LC?7=BDE1$1i;>I:2"(5( "dm,=BP (,.DT5=BH&1$,.*&,':2"=B13(",.#&19 Hn8$2"#&!9(Xo#&DT1-?$+2"DE:(A;>:,G13([=Y2"dN!9E#&4cX2"4+,'("*B,Ge892<4+=B2F=o1$192XR!94c 2",'*p=L#&1$("[,.#Bd;9(F=L%. D
R?$#&DE46!|;>:=&("d ³K2"%'=p!$/5T+"Z , P #&5"=B/C?7:("%'4+:#B <U2"2"!9!$

"?$D=Yd#&4c2",'*BFR"",'=L1$:-#B<#ed?$1$4c2",'=L13=YdK2F,GDe
7I 1L
?7?9DE2+I ;>1$:`(
dm=B=B("(3,'HBDT,.17=B#Y192F,.,G2F19=LH`(F,Gd19(FHg=LDdm=L2"(n!$R#&#&2 4619!0=9F\9RY"ZX",'=L"1µ2"#&("U2,G\92FR,G1BDT2"&, O ):R\1$\V/<2",.2",.DT!0M2"!$#B1$\Q"=B\7?$?$(X("4c#&2F,.19=B=91V\9=Y^dC#&2X1$!9\ M4c2"=L!91$^19FRR4c"2F",.=B,.=B1)1
2"2"!9!$("=B?91LHL?7!$DE8$;>?9:2A(M =&P d8>:2"("(X,.#&:1$1$X4+DT:\3,'2"2F;B:_`\ 2"!98$#&46"&:+X2"F:,.=B<1)2"I(X#&17"DT,.2F2FR\;L_L2":`#&1$\("+2X("#B1$XDe,.2F2":\;L_-2FR+5#B1$\2"!$
t I5De8$#&=L461i&I+2"2"(oA,G#BM1$2X\`!9;LV_-2X2F("R#B54c#&h178$\`("=91-\$?$?$De4c;7RR\(A;L=Y_kdK%'=L2X!9""h:Ab7=p8>/:(5DT4+=B=B1$1919,.2FR=L4c(+2",'A=L2X1i!$I #Y234c=B1L2X#Y,G1$M1-?$DE;>:(n=Yd2"(X#&17"DT,.2F2FR\
$I<=B?92:I 2X(A,.A2X!9H&%.=B;$#&%i2"(X#&4+
=&d#&%'):*&R1B2X+I
[?$":\n,.1n2"!9#&;>=p*& X4+(",G892 /<,.2"!n2"!9
J &¬*B:(XF,.=B1S/<,.2"!9,i#B?92F=LDT#&2F,G4 4+=B1 O HL?$(X#Y2F,.=B1)I
89%.=&2N2"!$
.-?9:?$S", +o#&1$\Q,.2"#*&R("#&H&R\|\9_91$#&DT,G4+,G1V³K,.H7I ¹ I · ¹ I.:¶$IM"+S2"!$#&22"!9 .-?9:?$T%.:1$H&2"!8$("=94c:X
,.
D³KE,'?7H>46I !3¹ DTI t =L#B(F1$\ ;$¹?$I(X-"ZX2f_nIKa<#&1$!$\` 1L*p?7#&("DE,.#B;>;9:%.(A
=Y2Xd!$#&#&4+132F,.,G*&132"4c!9=L 1$4:19#&R"4c
2F,.=&=BdK1`8>,G:A(XH&",.,."*&2":#B1`1B2<,G1à ³K ,.H7I 4+¹ =BI'1$B19&IR4c2",'=L1$U/5!9,G46!3/CX#/ ,G1

Bs

9 O L %
#P=(
50 50
’ave.tr’ using 2:3 ’ave.tr’ using 2:3
45 ’cur.tr’ using 2:3 45 ’cur.tr’ using 2:3
40 40
35 35
30 30
25 25
20 20
15 15
10 10
5 5
0 0
³K#*&,'HLR("?$#&("H& ¹ I ÁC*&=&%G?92",'=L1o=Yd2X!9.L?$:?9", :[#&17\M=Yd,'2X K³F2 ,.,'=BHL1i?$´(F# ¹ :I'=-R=B¶$D ´

?$:?9 ", : #&1$\@#*B:(X#YH&R\n", :+*B=&%G?-·
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 16 18 20 22 24

25
’Conn.tr’ using 1:8
20
15
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
K³ ,'HL?$(" ¹ I'B&´ [?7DE;>:(A=Yd#&4+2F,.*&4c=L1$19R4c2F,.=B17<#&<#ed?$1$4+2F,.=B13=Yd2F,GDe

1,.-2 ?$H&DE,.*&;>R[:(C,G1$#Y=Y4c%.d%G("?$2"+\9!92XR("`\M#B\$1$,G#YX1MDe2X#|2X,G!9X(F
F:,.=B#B%.#&1$;72F=p:*B\#B 1$2"\MX=|4+#B("2",.("!989("n2N,'*p*p#&4+#&=B%. ("1$,'=Y1$=Ld):?$4c8$2"#&/A,'=L46#&1i_9+In2X a<=&2"d!9!7DTM(F=L=Bb7?919=pHB,./!S2F=L2XDT(F!9,G19=L
H71987IK,'2"(Fa<=B=9(4c!9RHB\$,'\9?$*B,G(":(FR4c$&=L2N\$1Q/N=B192X#!9 _To$=Y!$=&d2X#&DT!9C:=L2"(E!919[,'!$2"#&=B,.C1$(",.\^H&1$%.HE=B%.=9;72"4+#Y!$#&%W %´
,OG1-(XdmF=B2 (XDSDT#Y:2F2",.!9=B=91n\=B,.1n %'2"=L!-"?$":ENDT#Y2<=L(F#To8$#&#&\$("*2F#B,G4+1L?92"%G#Y#&HB(C+%.=L, ?$1$+ IoIKqa<d!92XM!9":4c4+=L=B1$1$19\^:4+DT2F,.+=B2X1n!9=92"(X\^#*&!$:#&(X":2X !9"M+*B#&:\$(X*#Y#B%1L;72"=B#Y2FHB2"S%'R=Y19dA:46H&S,.*L%.,G, 1917H|L:DT92"=B!$("
\919:=92"\9#R_-A%'R2F\@=M%'4c=9=L4:19#YH&%R,.F1-2"dm,'=L=L("1nDSX#&D? 2F,.:=B("1@:\@/5!9;L,G_n46!h#S4+F#BR"1h",';>=Le1iI ?$"cd?9%K2"=n?$1$\9R(""2"#B1$\|2X!9e4+=B1L2"(",.;7?92F,.=B1|=&d:#B46!@=Yd "+*&R("#&%
ov6u 5}5{+A 5
34 @ :=C/4c$&"*#" XzTV1fAD8 6@C3526BA@=@CD8 73[Ad52TVCk3*.6 ;%3>=r?uEkG9IKJ@?L6Q;%@PIV1 :{T 8 g W3_5a679CeT x CeIV: 3FT5aIVbV6:{IQ1
0fIQ?I 0aAk3_:<6k13nT g 3526h72IQCeIV:<6@3>6@CA H99£76 H S 4¦ Y- H99£76 H «$Q£ - U H9 ;RT Ad52TV0q? 3_5a6kA@6h72IQCeIV:
6r3F6@CAmBIA 6@?*?IA3526k0f6@0f6A8
6<TQ1o?t8*1q^ Je6<=k5aTVA@6k1!A@TIA3>T:{Irj8*:8
6{3526{35|CeTV0 5@70q3kp 3(0 W
x
_3 5K8%AJDW{AD8*:0q?LIQ3(8_TV1 IV1 6d@7?LIQ8*1!3_5a63_CeI 6TnAk;
34 @ :=C/4c$&"*#"*)B16{T g 3_5a6{TKJ 6=@3(8*b6kA{T g . 8%A3>TÌQ?*?LT :<TVCe6 g IQ8*CD16kAdA3FTA5aTVCk3Jk02CAk3A@;h1IQ?tW r6
3_5a63_5KCeTQ0 x 5r790q3IQ1 3_5a6?LTVAdA79CeT|JdIKJk8?83_WwT g Io=TV1916=r3_8_TQ1IAÌ g 021u=@3(8_TV1ST g 83_AAD8
6 835!. IV1
=TV:h72IQCe6833>T CeTD7 rG9IV8?L; [A@63_5a6hA@=@CD8 73A5aTQCk3%.6 ;%3>=@?E@GfI|Jk?L6Q;%kPQ;<GqCDWbVIVCD8_TV0aA72IQCeIV:<6r3F6@CA g TQCB.
3>T x 6@3BJe6r3F3F6@C g IV8*CD1u6DAA@;<G#526{6ea6@Ce=k8%A@68%AJeIVA@6 TV1 (O k;

qr/<1M,.2"2X!@("#B=&\92X,.!92F,.:=B(<1$1$#&+% 2fqr/N1L=B2":(XB(X19,G19+Ho2:-4c#&=L%'1$i4c4+R=B891$2"19:R74cX2"?$,'=L461$!@ #&HBA+2X2N!92"E!9jaX#&DT Uj[2X(FFR_9#Y1$2X46De!7R(F1L=L2C19=B,G1M?$A2X!9a("#B191$+F2fdm/N:(=B(X| I=9a<\9&!9Z",G$N2X,.!$N#Y,G2[1n4+4+#&=B131L2"=(X#&R"2(

.-?$#Y%., 2f_g=YdFR(F*-,G4c@(F .-?9,.(":DTR1B2XS2F=]4c=L1$19R4c2F,.=B17o#Y2o2"!$h8$(F,G4c@=&dDe?$46!k!$,'HL!9:(o",'HL1$#Y%. ,.19H]#B1$\k87(F=&·

4c4cR=L"1$"19,G19R4cH`2F,.("=B+17%G#Y+2"I :\||2"=B=n("+2"=p!$*BS:(:#B74+F4+,G:1$894+2Xe#&191$:4+2f /C=Y=LdC("`1$+(F/ RF=L4+=B?$1$("4+19:R54c2"#B,'(F=LE1$[%',GDT#B1$,'2"\h2F:DS\)#Yi,G=(1L2"#&:(",.19,.19,G19HnH`HB2"?$!9#BT("#BHB1B?$2"#B+("R#B<1L=B2F1h+R8>5:=&(Fddm=B=B(X19DSHB#&=&1$,G194+H

2"DT!$: #B;7"+?$R2:("F:2<C,''2
(F!$=L.-#&(F?9
2<,.(";71$:#&::2"?$1h2F=e("("(":" =Y4+NrdK=&RHL4c2F19=92N,\$19:#+:_9/\@A,.4+2"2 =B!9,G1$ 19qr,GR1LDS4c2"2"87:,'(X=L=L191$(F+2X #&2A,'1Ld/52 ("!9:2"R=`"(F=B\9?$,19(X4c=M:R("#B:\$#&1LDT("2F ,G,.#YX192"F=Be,.=B2C;>1`#+*p2f4c#Y/N=L,.1B+% #B2X:;9(F1V=B%.&%i4cIK=B,.<17a<8>19!9::,.4+C(Fdm2F,G=B,. =B(X1hDT,G1M:4+4c\i%.#B=LI "1L"2":(X5#&"#B21$/<\|,'2X2"!=

/<=Y;>dK`,.%',G.1B#&, 1$2";$:Hn%'o(":2F2"=3"=V2N8$dm#Y=B#%._@(<'=9("De4::#Y#Y=L2F%(Fè2",.(FDT4cR=BFE?$=L%.?$#B\|8$("4+89;>:%.:, 194:2"#Y =V2FO ,.2

=B4c17=L=Y1$Cd 19=pX:*BDT4+:2F#&(N,.%'=B.2":1$!$([E\9#&qr+1B4+%G2"4+#:=B_9(X(X 19\9+#B,G1921$H@\@U*&2F%.=B=h#B,.(F4+2XHB&!9:-+(<*-,G(E,.2X\9!$4+:("%.=$=B#BZX?9"I :HLI|!$8$a<?9!L2X?7+I
Ea<#h!9X,.?$ ;$,.X[4+,G("1h,.;>8$:#&( ("2"2F!$,G4+#&?$2 %.#B,.(

=Y#&d4:4c2"=L³7!9("=L \9(A,G1$192"+H
!$2f/N#&2F25==B(X(F2XoR!9#& #&"4+=BDS4+1i=B#&-(X(X2X\9-!9,G+19YHe2X&[!92", 5=Si8$F2"R#B!9(F46 *3Y8>+!$2X:#&(F<dm#&=B;>("(XA+DSR2"1`#&(":1$,G#Y4+1L2"[2":("%.\T=9+*B\$\9+?$, %i4cR2"R!7(F\iR#YI1B2Aqf2"2<2"%'_T!9,G<#Y2;$1$#&2X+!92f"/N: \3=B19(X=B:S2f13/C/<DS=L,.("X#&!9(X: LA,.1$192"=-HS=o\$8$8$:#B(F:=p46IY*-j+,G\92X4+<
=B#Y2"DS2A!9RDT2"D !$=B L>1e:2"/N!9\9R#HB1_
2F=o\9a<, !9:
(":1$1LC2FDT,G#Y=92" \$?98$%.#&
46&2"!$+2"#&N2N,G!$5#B;L1$_n\9%.?$:"N,.1$\9HT, J ":&("*o!$;$#&-? N;7R:(":51`?7\9F,G+19*BHo+%.\9=B,8>:R\o(FR,G1B1 2<8$=L#B(F("2"#B+DT% +2F:R2f("/CC=Ldm=L("-(<:\9L, #B1$:\o(":2"1L!$25,. 8$#BN46!$Y#B:892":2FIR(
,G<;$#&":\3,G1n%G#&("H&8$#B(F2A=B1`2"!$ P 4c:%'.:1L2 =L(F2"+%)J5R87=L(F2 & I

L
:v w 5}<{'J`K{+ey ~@ &E ~h{+y@ {55

a<jl!98$ #&&[46&, +2e":;>("*3+%.=B,.DS1$H&89,G%.19:HVDT:2"=Q1L2"#|:\|b>,G=p1h/1$DT dm#=&_]%.'=p("/5:4+5+,.2"*&!9n
2X "!$j ("+X`X?$8>(FR=B\3X",.dm;9=B%.("`/N#B87("(F\$,.=B,.19(",'H 2f$S_^#&%.+8$*B8$+("%G=BE#B/<46!`,.2"!9"2",G#B1g1$2X\$!9#B`("\9b7, +=pR/\@I,.1 a<!$ s :¶ " I
#&8$("("o=B;$4+#B#&;9%'.,.:%',.\2f_VF=L2"DT=V+F2F_9,G1$DT4n 8$$&#&\$46("&=B+82"E8$,.("1]:4c#VR\9a :17 4c : 4c$$=LIo1$a<19:!94+,G2F,.=B4+1i#B1QK";>,.1$M4+`?$"?$:\i1$%',GYdm=BM(=B 2"P !9#BRDS( 898$%'#Bo46Y2"+=|2X+8$(F=p2"!$*-n,G\9%.o=BX#3FR%'=p/N=Y:d5(

"%._-=B17X4
8$#&("#B<46Y4c+%G#&2XCXF(", O:XR?9\e%.2C2"= ,G1MF:*B*&:R("("_S#&%$%'=L4c19%G#&HeX2"F,.RDTA+U#Y·W=L2C?9De2" =LF s2K
dm=LIK?$qr(+1`Z"B#B#B\$1$\9\o,.2F\9,.=B, 1MR2"(F=TR1L\$2, 2"("::("#Y:2X1LDT2F,G:#Y1L2",'2=L4+1M#B/<1T,.;>2"!95,GHB1`,'*B::#&1T46!o2F=b7=p2X!9/ 9\9#Y,%.>Rb>(F=pR/51L2
4c%G#&X|":=L:I(F:=p*&:(: ,'2,G87=L"",.;$%'S2F=@\9, R(FR1L2F,G#Y2Fo;>+2f/N+R1hb7=p/5:IE³>=B?$(4+%.#B"":
=YdCb7=p/5#&("T\$ O 19R\i#B1$\
8$8$#B#B4646YY++2X2X<e=Y;>d+%.#o=B1$HBH&,'*B,G19:1@HQ4c2"%G=^#&X2"5!9@#B(F"#B.-DT?93R?94+:%.\@#B",G:1h2"#o!74c(F:%G#&3XF*-· ,G\9(FR2X87?$#YR1$% \9.-R?91BR2 ?9.L:S?$:#&?9("BnIN,GqrDS1@89=L%.:("DT\$::(<1L2"2F=nR\ \9, ,.1R(F:R#&1B462"!,.#&=Y2Fd
E2";>!9+`2f/Ndm=B+R?$1 (

/<.-19?9=B,.2"25:!9?$#Y,G:1e%.:3IK#5.La?$b7:=E=p?9/gRR#&<4c46=L#&!S("1$("=&\@:dX#Y8>2"!9%.=B)e1$8$\ ("s,'#[=L4c(F4c=B,.=92fDe_o\9A;9HB,G87("1$=B=B#Y?7,.2"1L8$,'2=LA1$2"19!$+#&=&R2d)\`#
2"2"!98$=M[#B;746dm=BY?$+,G2( DS,.b789=pH&%./:,.*&DT4+R:%.1#B1L"/52FCR!9\i#&RI1$1 \o:2X1L!92":
("2",.19!$H
("+2"[!$,.N1L192FR:("2f17/C#Y=L%("8$ (FI),.=Bqr1e(",.2f8$_e(X#&%.+4c*B2",'+*B%G
&
, iFR(F*`#&(X46!9,'2":4+2"?$("
!7#&<2X!$(F:4c=BDS8>=B19R1L2":´
BI =&%., 4+_M#&1$\@(":"=B?$(X4cDS#&1$#&H&:(:´K,'254:(FR#Y2":A87=B%',G4c,.: #&1$\@\9,GF2X(F,G;$?92":<2X!9:D 2F=M\9, iFR(F*n("=B?$2F:(X:Ij

Yt

P O

<(0O '(
78#&X=BF%',.,GHB4c_o1$DT\9R:2F1B:2<(XDTDS,.#1$_n:N\9R/587!9R,G1$46\@!M=B%.+13*&:2X%!9=Y d;7"R:!$("*-#,.*-4+,':=L(A,G=Y1MdK2X2"!9!9e19F+=L2f?$/N("=B4+(XT=YdK#&("2"[!9#&Xb7"=p,'HL/19:U\oBI 2"H>=eI/5,.2"!$,.#46*B!`:8$(X#Y#&HB46[&+(X2"#Y:2FIKa<#B!91$,.\
,'F2X=T<#&;$C?$2F(X=SF2"De,.19RR#&"+XZ?$("#& 172"\`!$X87"R=B4c?7,G#Y("%4+ 1$+;72fR/N!$=B#(X*-S,'=L+(+%.I:DTqr13:1L1$2"A F#&,GDE("[?92X%G#Y!92":,'("=Lc1idm=LL(F2"!9#&\78>\9=&:%., \@4+_o#Y2A,.C2Xd!9?9 %.':_M\$\$H&+2FR=Y("dDT2"!9,G19 :19\n:,.2f1`/C=L2"!$("
2"4c%)X4+(",G892+I
s I C\"8>9:HB4+N, O ("R=B\ ?92";L:_(X+2"´!9A#&("19N+("2f:/NX=B87(X=L
1$#&",.\$;9DT%.A,G192F=,."2"#&(XX#Y"2",'HL=B1(:I2"a!$5=[4c\9=9=
\9F<=5872X=B!9,.+1L_ 2XDT2FR=#&2"X!$?$5(FC8$8$#&#&46(X&#&+DT2"K+#B2"4+:4c(X=L)("=&\$d$,.2"19!9H[N2F,.=178$2"!$?952872"(X=B# %'M,G4c_ 4
=YdR#&46!nb7=p/I QN
7I 19C+=B2f("/NM=B(F(X=L ?9L2F("R=B("?$:2Fé:(X2X!9/<@,';$2X!9#&,."1e,.4n2"!$#&N8$8$19(":=B2f#B/C46=L!("=Yd5!$#\9*B, "":,.DS("*^89%.,._e2F2F=

=V#&&X+FR,.HB8]1 2"2"!9!9`<,.#&1L872"+8$%.(F'=L,.H&8$R("1$,.#&4c2FM ,G8$1](",.2X=B!9("`,'2f_
R\92FH&=n8$#&=Y46d5&2"+!$2X
#=Y&d4+4+2X=B!9(X \9,G\$19("HM=B8$2F8$=`,.192"!9Ho:\9,.(R4c4+,G=-F,.\$=BT17ADS,.#&13(X 2"!$I
a<4c!$=BT("8$(F("=L,.=B?9("2F,'R2f_@(":I2"(X#&17F%G#Y2":52"=387#&(X#&DT+2":(X5=YdC2"!9S"46!$:\$?9%.,G19H`#B1$\
v G e` 5
" $# !"
<a.-?9!9:e?$d
#&#&4+%'2 .=p2"/5!7#Y2
2"=E2"!9:R17(F!$T#&#&1$("4+E[2",.!72"N(F:;>E:*-!$,.#("*-2",.?7=B#Y(N%#&J 1$&\o2"=T;$4:?D(FR#Y:2"(Xe\9U4+:#&8>%':.:17\ \9:|1$4+J &;7:2f/C· :h:1o?9%.2X2F!9,+J ,G(N &=BE8>ZA:(X,G#Y1|2F,.:=B#B1)46I!h
8$19!L[_9F/N,G4+##&_ %
43 P$& ;?
, P% :<H 9;:*$
2F\$=Q("=B\98$=V8$,.2X19!$H|#Y2e%.=p,./ E2"87!$(F(",.=B=B("?9,'HL2f_Q!^8$2"!9#&46`&J5+2"q S UW4+ #&%'.U:J5\ ,.=$&=BC?9=L2F·W?$=&89d ·%.:8$\("=Z

O *&%':S(X8$",'#&=L461Q&+=&2Xd $$|ZAJ ,G &;$T#BFR,.1]\/5=B1!$,.2"46!9!]n2X/C!9`:,'HL87!B(F=L2":;$\^#&;9#,.*&% ,'R2f("_Q#&H&=Y d

%.8$:#B1946HBY2"+!$2AT,G<=Yd
;$#&#Y"%.N:\`*-,G=B(F1$2X?$%'_M#Y% =L13.-?92"R!9?9::/N+/5,.HB!9!LR2F(FRR\`#&e#*B2":!9(X@#YHB8$5("=B%'R;$19#BH&;92X,'!3%., 2f=Y_dK,'=&2Xd[A\$=p("/5=B1n8$8$*-,.,G19(F2XH^?$#Y#V3% !$.-,'?9HLR!?9&8$I (",'=L(F,.2f_¯U $&,.1-·f8$("= O %./$$Z
"#&, (":[qr;$=&1 #&d4+",.=B:2"\`1LA2"*-=B(X,.#&13(""2"2+#S?7#YF,G1%3,G19.-J5HB?9%'q : ?$.-9·&?9&0I:j ?$UJ519q=B%'R2"19!9&
H&R(A2Xc! ·f*&4cR =L
("?$"I,'89=Lqf%.1o:2<\,G,.AZ<2"2"8>!9!9=BAX8$",.(";9=BJ%.;$ &#B2F;9=o,'%.?$, U2f"_
=&+#Y,.d7%GHB"\$!L=e("2F=BR2X8$!9\n89 J5,G19\$RH[("\=B:Z8$#&,Ga461n!E#Y,./53%8$!9#&.-,G46?946&:!n+?92)#&B,G%'I );787#&(F=L":;$\#&;9=L,.1 % ,'2"2",'!$R

"
a=S\$+2FR("DT,G192"!$ 1L?7DE;>:(A=Yd8$!L_9F,G4+#&% L?$:?9R+$/N?$"
2X!9 4c=LDSDT#B1$\
43 43 *8$ =87 ;? 9;:*$ * 5 ! :$ $&%
.
B¢>p9£L¢ &£&L±& Y±7£Y±7£7 R
/5!9RC(F; =B1 $ O HB4:?$#&("1`,G192"%H #&&.-?9R*?9#&%.?$¶T:<2F=M;>+;>2f/N+#e:J1q #&"· 17\ ,.5t I\$=B19/<,.2"!32"!9 4+=BDSDS#&1$\
B¢>p9£L¢ &£&0 A0G 2 A$¡L¢9£ G ¥ _ ª
qJ5dKq 2" !9·%G#&4:"#&2<13#&;7("HB ?$\9DT :O 1L192AR\i,G<I19a=&=M2<XHB8>,'*B::4c1M,'dm_n2X!92X:!91@ #&1-%'?$DE.-?9;>R:?9( :Y<1n#B=&(Fd*-"+,G(F2<2X?$2F=o#Y3% ;>.-?9J5R?9q : :·9[/NI>L?7,.DTF,.% 2X#B!9(F%. _&94c=L2f_9DT8>DS:<#B1$=B2"\i!9´ R(A2"!$#B1
B¢>p9£L¢ &£&` >B±& 9.£ 7p
J5R\387#&(X#&DT+2":(XN#B(F
2"!$:1@4c=L19H&,G\$?$(":\3?$",.19HS2X!9 4c=LDTDS#B1$\

B¢>p9£L¢ 7&¡YL 35- U ±7£&±$£ >B±& µ ]C-pLL±$¦9¤ Y±7£Y±7£ >B±& R -R` IH R 4¦ Y0IH R 4¦ Y
qf8$2#B2"("!-#B?$De :!$2FR#&(
¯8$#B4:#&("#B1|DT#Y+%G2F"R=n(":;7´)T2XH&!9,. *&R.-1^?9:U?9#B5 1-2X?$!9De ;7¹ 2"R!h(+&8$*L#B,G("("2"DS?$#&#&;%+2F.LR?$(c:ZN?9#&51$1-\|?$,'Ded ;7,.2 R(+,G[ $@1$=&&)2( *-F, 2X #Y$'2FR"\|/ 2"*-!$, :#&1|1$,.8\ 2[$6,G["2"/ #&< &I:1@a<!$2"=

;> ¶$a ?$FR\3/<,'2X!`2X!9 4c=LDSDT#B1$\
`
'(
B ¢>p9£L¢ &£&0A0G 2 A$¡L¢9£ 2 G
a<!9 4+=B1 O HL?$#Y2",'=L1M2X!9:13,G<H&,.*&R1n#&<;>cdm=L(F/<,.2"!3=L19%'_n2"!9 O (X"2N2X!$("+ 8$#B("#BDe:2FR(":´

B¢>p9£L¢ 7&¡YL35- U ±7£&±$£>B±& µ ]C-pLL±$¦9¤ Y±7£Y±7£>B±& R -RÌH

j5%.j #B("N(",'/N*-
,G19XHS#/8$#&,G461n&+2X2"!9A#B46(F!$#&\$89("2"=B:(N8$8>=B:1n\`J /5&!9TR1`-dm2X=B!9(A 4+$'=BDS&E(+8$*-?9,T2",.*p19#&HT%.?92"!$,G<\7("(F:=L#&8n46!$8$:("\i=BI;$#B;9,.%',.2f_o/C19::\n#B1nRF2",.DS#&2F
=Yd
2"!$ 8$#&46&+2<F, +BIK³7=B(<#S8$#B46Y:2N=&d", :o:¶B¶&¶E;L_-2FR<2"!$,.54+=BDSDS#&1$\`,GAH&,.*&:13;L_M2"!$ 4c=BDSDS#&17\
B¢>p9£L¢ £L¦& e-` +Q-9£0§ª-ª-ª

4D25>A<=: #&("2F,G4+?9%G#&("46!9R\$?9%., 1$H("+HB,.DTR4:#&1e;75\9 O 19R\iIdm=L(K P #&DS89%.N2"!9</N+,.HB!L2FR\E("=B?$17\e("=B;9,G1

/<,.2"! .-?9:?9/N+,.HB!L2XAT#B1$\(":X8>:4c2",'*B+%._M/<,.%';> \9 O 19:\32X!$(F=L?9HB!
BB¢>¢>pp99£L£L¢¢ ¦L&¢L£&L¢ +.Y±776H7£&±$£B¢B£ ±>Q£¤L¦L- 4 H9A$¡L¢- £ §kG0° G
U
[2"!$:( 8>=BXF,G;9%.nX46!9:\$?$%',G19Hh#&("o+,.HB!L2FR\^qr1B2":("%'R#*&R\VJ5=L?$1$\^J5=L;9,G1kUqfJ5JZXJ =B?$1$\J5=L;9,G1¯UJ5JZ

/5!9,G46!3,.A2X!9 \9cd#B?9%.25"46!9R\$?9%., 1$H7$#&17\`2X!9 "2"(",.4+2A87(F,.=B(",'2",'R

?U J q¸Z"I
8A<?4 a<!9eF:25=YdKdm=B?7( .-?9:?9R #&%'=L19Ho/<,'2X!@2"!9E*L,G("2"?$#&A% .-?9:?$:<,G X?$8$89%.:DTR1B2":\@/<,.2"!h #'
?U R( '[=B8 NR!$#*-,'=L(cZ[2"#&;$%'BIqf2XT:1L2"(",'Re#B(F3\9 O 19:\k;B_U,Z2"!$34+=-\$38>=&,G1L2Ù,'Z2"!9@4c%G#&XnUW8$!L_9F,G4+#&%
&
dm.-=B?9(X:D ?$YZ #&17\VU,'.,Z2X!9$&87(FR4c:\$:1$4+/$Ù*-,.("2"?7#Y%3.-?9:?$YZ"Ij[13:1L2"("_o,. #&XF,.HB19R\M/<,.2"!32"!$4+=BDSDS#&1$\`=YdK2"!$

B¢>p9£L¢ ¦L¢L¢ D B99 ¬§-§gª §

/5!9,G46!@DeR#&1$A2X!$#Y254+=9\987=B,.1L2&
,G5DS#&8$8>:\32F=S2X!9*-,.("2"?$#&3% .-?9:?9o=&d2X!9 8$!L_9F,G4+#&% .-?9R?9 ¶$I

"
Y=a<.-dA?9!9:8$?$!Ldm:_9=BF%'.,GU=p4+¶S/<#&%,G,G1319#&Ho1$=B\Q?$2"!$(A*-("4:,.+#&("e2""?$Y4c#&Z"=B´ % DS.-DS?9:#&?917R\$ #&("1$:X\k?9%.U2<,. ,.,1hZ52X87!9(Fo,G19J H&,G&19HM("/N:X+87,.HBR!L4c2"2":,'*B\+%.#_V*&:U,(XZC#YHB2X!9E ", :T' 0=&dN2"2X#&!9;$o%'B"8>U:,'4+ZC, O 2X:!9\Ê8$1-!L?$_9DEF,G;>4+:#&( %

43 7 :<$ =
&
BB¢>¢>pp99£L£L¢¢ ²$²$QQ-R-R99L+B9 D`¦BI$W¦ V>¤B£

B¢>p9£L¢ U £&0 @0]$£L-¦ U £ ª

Fv E Vy|{+y@ J H+{+}5{ 5
!"
j5#3%.87$=Bb>%'=p,G4c/5R( !$2f_9#*-8>,.&1$H#`2"!92"#B (FXHB#&+DT2[5(X#Y"2"=B&?$i(X#&4c17<\h#B1$=&\o2X!9\9::("2F8>,G=&1$%.#&, 4+2F_h,.=B1S"8>#&:("4+5, O "4e?7;D8$Nr#B:("4+#B2DT2F= +2F# R("4+:=BIDSqfDT2=B"8>1S:8>4+,=&O %.R, 4+_&#YIK2
j %'R8>#&=&"%.2[, 4+2f_e/N\9=` 4+O =-19\$:
! P% :H&9 :<*8$
8>4+?7=&(",G1B(":2X1L+I`2<Fa<R!91$n\9,G1946!9HM=B(X,.4+#YS2FB;>7+#&2f17/N\3+R8>1=BX2""!9,.;9RD%._n=L\913R872"R!91$E\$8>=&=L%.,G14c_L2"· !9\$M:8>4+=B:1$DS\98$R#&1L("25,GF8$=L#&1Q(XDS;>+#Y2f+/N2":+(XR1QUX2X?$!9S46!@b7#&=p</ ;$ ?7("2""#B2F(F,GHB19+:2X+#&Z"17IC\Qa<,.!$2"

8>8$#B=&46%., Y4++_32X#&87(XR("4c,'*-, O ,G19:
H`DT#&2[+2"2X:!9(5S2f:_9\98>HB:T \92"!$:#&*-2[,.4+#&S("4: #&?$?$""::\@
dm2X=L!9(5oDTDe::#B2F"R?$([("2",G19=|HM?$2"8>!$\7E#Y(F2F:S%':2X*p!9#&o1LF252X#Y,G1$2F8$S?9*p2[#&("2",G(X#&# ;9M%.:4
8$4c#B=L("("#B("De:X:872F=LR1$(":\9I<,G19j H
QN
2F4c==9\92"!$n8>=&b7,G1B=p/2A4c=L#B("1$(":\]X8>2X=B!91$|\98$,G19#&H46&2"+=e2 2X,G!9T
2"("!9/R.-1?9,GDS(":#&\M(XY"R:\g("*-,.#&4+4: 4c=B%.+(X*&\9:,G%19L-Hh2X!92"
=VDS2"!$#B3("L8>,G19=&HE%., 4+4+_&#BIg1na<(":!9X3?9%.8$2 #&,G1n46&\9+2T=p/5!$19#&HLT("#B#&\91,G19,.19H ,.2F2",G!$#Y %
":("*Lj ,G4c8>=&%.+%.,G*B4c+_3%i/<2"#&,.;$2"!@%'e(F,.R["8>?$:FR4+2A\|2F,G=o1h2"1$!$[2F,.=n19,."2F2F,G=L#Y%)(F ("/ 2X.-!9?9e,G("8>:=&\`%.,G=B4c_@19B2fI _987e=Yd:#B46!3b7=p/I =B2[#&%':1L2"(",'R #B(FE#B4c2X?$#Y%.'_
?$":\iIa<!$:1L2"(",'RA#&("
&¹

P O

<(0O '(
BI[L=B?$(X4c19=9\9qM&
s I &[RF2",.1$#&2F,.=B1319=9\9qM&
7I =&%., 4+:(C2f_-8>
t I |+2":(A2f_987

$I<qr19,'2",.#&%)4c=9\9 8>=&,G1L2
¹ I CqfJ UW4c=BDSDT,.2F2FR\@,.19dm=B(XDT#&2F,.=B13("#&2F&Z
I 5hU4+=BDSDT,'2"2FR\|;$?$(XF2<", :YZ

7I ;$?$46&+2U4:?$(X(FR1B2<", :=Yd2"!9 4+=BDSDT,'2"2F:\@;$?746Y+2+Z

8 I |U P 4cR"<;7?$(""2<F, +&Z
:¶7I ¯;7?$46Y:2
UW4+?$(X(":1L2<F, +=YdK2"!$ P 4cR"A;$?$46&+2+Z

&BI qfJU8>:#&M,.1-dm=L("DS#&2F,.=B13("#&2FYZ
s I |UW87R#&M;7?$(""25", :YZ
8
:7I ¯;7?$46Y:2
UW4+?$(X(":1L2<F, +=YdK2"!$ 87R#&M;$?746Y+2+Z

t I<j (X(F,.*p#Y%2F,GDT=YdK%.#BF2<8$#B46Y+2
R$I<j5*&R("#&H&
FR1$\9,G19HM("#&2F
¹ I<,.a <L8> :(Fdm/<=B(X,.17DT\9:=p\`/^=p%'*&R:19(NH&2X2X!o!9Ua /<L,.17 \9=p,./# %.:8>19=&HB%.,2"4+!i:7(,.;71@#&""::4c\=L=B1$1E\$:#-*&=Y:d(X#Y\$HB#YK2X2"#9(XZ"#&I1$a<XDT!$,.X\$F,.c=Bd1#&?$(X%'#Y2<2":*p#Y%G#B?91$\,G2X!9:C":#4&*BI:(X#YH&,G19H
a<!9
dm=&%. =p/<,.19Ho#B(F
2"!9 8>=BX",.;9%. 8>=&%., 4+:(A2f_987R+´
BI ?$FR\`87)(F=L ;$#&;9,.% ,."2F,G4+#&%'.)_o /5 !9:1312X<?!9: 4DC@ rqfJ¬
5?$,."A:AP # 4++CRqf\9J :\i#BI 1$\`2f/C=S\$("=B8n87(FR4c:\$:1$4+::IKa<!$
%.=p/N:(C=B19
,.
s I DeR\9,G?$+
D 8$(F,.=B(",.2f_E%.+*&+
:%7 ,G ?$":1 \n<=:8$ (F4 =L@ ;$ #&;$ ,'¹ %., "´2F,G?74+F#&R%'C._E# /5C!$qf:JE1oL2X# !9C qfCJqfJ#&1$,G\M 2"P !$4c("++R \9\7:(F\)=LL8o#B8$1$(F\SR2"4c!9R\9[:%'1$=p/N4+:::"I2a<=B!$1$
,.<?$":\@8$("=B;7#&;9,.%',G"2F,G4+#Y%. _o/5!9:132"!$ qfJ ,.A P 4++R\9:\iI
7I 1 4 > 4 1 4 %>[ 4 1 <=: 4 @ RÁ?7FR CqfJ¬#&17\n# 5$#&1$\n2f/C=S\$("=B8n87(FR4c:\$:1$4+::I
t I 46!9:=-=B "<=4 d("=B8D 4 2X!$("+ @ \$4D("4 =B83 8$1 ("<=:14c@R\9 :178;4c@ : :4DI @C @ 1 <=: 4D@ s&s ´
?$FR CqfJ 5h#&1$\ 32"= 8
$I 2F=o461!9=- =B"8 /d4 ("=BD 2"@B!$4D("4+ \$1 ("<==B183@ 8$ (":8;4+:@ \9 R4D1$@4cR&+/I@ 1<?:4D@ s&s ´ ?7FR CqfJ ; n#B1$\ 8
C#2f_9B8746[!|2"=Y!9dN[2",.!91$o,'2",.#B#&;7% =p4+*B=-e\$[8>=&8>%.=&, 4+,G1B:(

2N#&2f_9 87/Co:%'\9 #&O 19=B:19
[2X!9=Bo(2fDe/N:=E2FR\9(=p/5,'21$?$HB"(X:#&:\9IER\Tj 4+87=9=B\9%'[,G4c8>R=&(
,G1L2"#&2":;$I%'oa<\9!9 [O ,.191$:,'2"[,.#&dm=L% ([4+=-R\$#&[46!Q8>=&87,G=B1B%'2C,G4c,._
=Y,G1Ldm2";>:+1`2f/N4++#YR%.1i:9\ ,.25$&HB,.<("+4::#Y1o%.'R4+=9\ \9$&/_&$e:%'#&.1$=p/\o$$2X!9I
%'=p/N:"2C\9=p/51$HB(X#&\9R\o4c=9\9 ,GO$&(":\;$7Iq d2X!9:(" ,GA#&19=B2"!9R(C4+=9\9[8>=&,G1L2
` J( %J '!
(`
.O '!< O JR "$(
"
p*,.a2"#&=5(",.,G?7#B198>;9,.2F\$%.,G #&#Y2F%\9<:4c2X=919!9\9=B52FE,G87198>=BHn=&%',G,G2X1L4c!9_e2+ >2"#BR#B1$\9;9\@H&%'B Y2"!$.-2"!$:?91@ R?9$&2"&#&!$ \7 2"\-!$*p#Ye=&%G?9"%.,=B:4+?$ _D(XC1=Y4cdLE2"2"#B("!9_-1$e$5\|8$4c\9#&=LR(XDT#&F2"DTDS,.1$+#B#&2"1$:2F\E,.(X=BA,G1|2"!$19?$#&=9"25:\9\eR,.2 5/5?$=&!9"d,G:462"/!S!9L>E4c2X!9=Bb71L:=p"2X/#Y,G7#&1$2X("!9 2"e!9F=L<8>DT=&R%.\9 , 4+H&=B: (5( .-#&2f?9_-%':8>?$=Y& d
43 *8$ =87 ;? 9;:*$
,GC13qfJ ;L_-- 2F R+5Ij[ 1` qf JP #&#BDS1$\89%.,.:e´ #&"2"#&2FR\o#&;>=p*&&I CqfJ#&1$\ CqfJ#&("<H&,.*&:1T,G1o;$8$:B#B1$!\ 5e#B1$\
8 8
L£L¢ U £ Y±7£Y±7£ ¦L¢L¢ ¡9.¤ -47&£L L-9 )FYJ§ -p0¢ /a)Fp #,-p0¢ /9 I _ A§Rª E-ªLª-ª-ª-ªµ§ªLª-?ª c-ª-ª-ª-ªLªµ§ª-ª-ª
' R(FE/C #B\$\9:\|#n87=B%',G4c_`dm=B( 2"!9b>=p/02X!$#Y2[=B(",'HB,.1$#&2FRA,.1QY1i #&17\@:1$\$[#Y2
Y;1
$INq d2"!$Ea L 8>=&%., 4+:(X

#&\9("+d#&?$?9F%.R2+\iI 9=B1$4:#&1`#&\$\3#Y2A2"!$
R1$\32"!9a L /<,G1$\9=p/%.:19HB2"!iIq dK19=&2<#B\$\9:\)9,'2<,GA2"#BY:1n2F=o;>TRFR4[;L_
U2"#B!71$#Y25\@a<?$!919"R=&1|2A2"2"#&!9=M19 =B#T8>2"!987=&R%.#&, ( ("4+2F_n$&,G4+#B/<?9\$,.%G-\ 2"#&!3(N=&b72"%.!$=p,G4c/D_ "ZC1#B\9LDe2"("O-_ 19,G$e19R<,.4+2F=B2",G#Y!9DS% DS4+\$=-#&=p\$1$/5\|198>XHB=&8>(X,G#&:1L4c\92+, RIO \nj[44+1`2"=-=M\$ 2"P!$#&8>eDS=&8>89,G1L=&%.
2"%.,<4+,G:_3/5´ !$#B,.1$46\@!32F#&=M("2X!94c=B DS,G19DT,.2F=B,G#Y1`%K2F4c=M=9\9#&E%'8>b>=&=p,G/51L2
L£L¢ U £ Y±7£Y±7£ ¦L¢L¢ ¡9.¤ -47&£L L-9 Y I _ A §Rª §-§ 6§ E

"
:a<1L!92"e,.("dm=&87%.'=B=p%'/<,G4c,GR19(AH`2"2"#&!$;$("%'+ S#B4c1$=L\VDTUDS,'.,#BZ 1$2"\$!9 (F4:R?$"(X?$(F%'R2

1B,.2A1Q"8$, :(",.19,.HB13,.1$;LH3_L2"("::<X87=&Rd4c2X2"!9,'*B +%._;7U?$,Z<46Y2X:!92"S:´ :1L2F,G(FT87=B%',G4c_V2"#&;$%'BU,.Z<2"!$
7 :<$ =
LL£L£L¢¢ U ££ Y±Y±77£Y£Y±7±7£g£g²$²$QQ -R-R99 ¡-¡-.¤.¤ --77&0£LI94 I$W¦ V>W¦ V>¤L£¤L£

L£L¢ U £ Y±7£Y±7£ £&D-±C7 e9£B

U U

v {/ IH+~
K{cTy h{ ^55 J@ 55}N{cey w3IH+y5~UIH' J@~} A
qr2"1T!$Ea4c =L^1$194+:=B4+1$2F,.1$=B:1i4cI<2",'=La<1$!9:RpF2"e!9F<:%.HB=BDTX:=Y1Ld2" "=B#&DT("oAUF,:ZCHB2"DT!$:E1L4c2X=L1$!$19#&:K4+DT2F,.=B=B13("C:,G"DS2"#B8$;9#&%.4+, X2!$2"DT!$#B:1E1L2 =B"2"+!9HLRDe("R=L1L1E2":2X!9U<,.87ZCR2"(r!$dm=LE("FDS:HB#&DT174c:N1L=Y2Xd

"(":+2"1L(X2#&/517"!9DTR1o,.2+2"I<!9
e4c=L4+1$#&19%':4+2"2F!$,.:=B"1o !$$Y#B*9 ?9#e%G19":DS(X#&#Y;$%.7%' /<$o,G1$F:\9HB=pDT/:-1L#&2"17:\@ =BU(5,.',8$Z#B2X46!9Y[:2"":+I<HLDeqr1hR1L#M2"(":"4c:R1L1L2N2 #p8$dm2F#&R8>( :#( 2" s,.DT
:>=B2X?9!92Ce=B#B( ?9#2"!$d=B#&"(X2
X\9!9, =p"/k:("2X*!$#Y#&2(X46;L!9_T,.2FDT:4+#B2"("?$L(",G&19H2X!92"N!$:8>":5(FdmF=B:(XHBDSDT#&:1$1L4+2"=&/<d$,'2X2"!o!9A#a!9 ,'HL!9:4+(=B1$871$(F,.:=B4c("2",','2f=L_T1 #&4c1$=L\T1$",GDS,.\989R%'("R#BDT;9%.:_[1L,G2FDS,G198$H(F2"=p!$*B::8$I("a<,'=L!9(F,G,.2f_EDS?$#B"(",.L1$,GH 19H#
(""/2"#Y.-2"?9<,G(F=YRdi+2"-!$!9 =p/Na + *&gR(+4cB=L2"!$1$#&192N:4+1$2F+,.=B2f/N1iIK=B(Xa<E!9%G<#_&HBR=B(#Y+%7%.=Y:dDT2"R!91B 2X"C,GDE;>?9%G##Y/N2",'#B=L(F1e<=&P d#&2"DS(X#&891$%.X<8>/C=B("<2 ,G1L%G#2"_&(":=-(\7,.?$1-4cdm<=L(",GDS2"#&= 2F,."=B!91i=p-/ ,WI B2"!7I#Y=&2d=B2"!$1$
42"+!-#B?$1]#&"46,G!9DT,.+8$*B%',Mdm_-8$,.19(",'H|=L(F2X,.!92F, S:#&,.DS2F,.=B891%.:DT=Yd R"1B:2X1$#Y"2",.,'2F=L,.1Q*&n=&dN"+\9HL, DeiFRR1L(F2"*VDS/<,.#B2"("!9L=L,G19?9H`2e#B=&1LdN_a ?$ "µM=&8$dA#B462XY("+#B2X1$+XIT87=La<(F!92 ,G %G#8$_&#&R(("2
,G1-,. dm=B;7(X#&DS"#Y:2F\h,.=B=L1)1

I
! " #
a A N
/ V
= $
8 "
( .
, B
= "
( '
, f
2
_ '
% :
&
* :
.
% T
&
# "
( n
9
\ O 9
1 :
)
\
I <
a 9
! 3
9
! .
, B
H 9
! R
(
& )%:<(E7 ? 9 P,D% P$ ? :<*
4D@B<=: : 8;@B:=4DC 1 4 C/4D@3:4 52 :4D@B4/:=8 / :=1

$ Y",.qrDS1|8987%.#&:"462
Y:8>2"=& S%.,G4c=B:( (
Y#HB*p("#Y+,.R% #B1@;98$%.E#&46,G1V&+1$2":o´52"#&!$17e\|2"2",.!9DTec·f%'=p"%'/N,G\9:,G( 19H`
/<?9,G21$\987=p#&/46Y:UWa2" L$S =B( s $&("]:\@Z"I)8$j #&46C&+qf2XJ $7,GI<[Q\9 EO 19dm=-R4:\h?$5dm=L=L( 1|R#&2"!$46!
$ $ $ $
:\$H&!95R1E("=B2X?9!92"5:("(:#&I2Fj N P %'=L4c19:H:\$#& C2X!9qfJ 5Y4c87=L1$#&4619Y::4+2"2FK,.=B#&1 ("ADT(X#Y#B2"("N&,G:\e;>8$+(F%.=p=L/;$#&C;$,'qf%.JE, "&2F,G#Y4+%.#&7%'8$._#B46"Y?7+462X!E2X#&!$("#Y<2DT#Y2K#B("2X&!9:<\T##&*&:(X!9#Y,.HBHB&!SR8$2"!9(",.5=B("(X,'#Y2f2"_B I
=Y#&dA872X!9#&46Y(X:#Y2"2F[DT#*B#B:("(X&#Y:H&\3R/<\o,.=p2"*&!VR(!$,'2XHL!9!h8$$&("a ,'=L-(F ,.2f_`/<4+,G=B1$(X\9(FR=p"/ 8>$ =BL91$,.\713<=B2F?7=`(N2""!9,GDE ?9C%Gqf#YJ 2",'I=L1na<!9,.2"E52X\7("?$#B1$("#&"2FDT,.=B,.2F1`2":,.\hs (X¶&#YDS2" ":,.

4&I 4c=LDS8$?92FR\
r
q 3
1 B
=
=B138>:(Fdm=B(XDT#B1$4cBI $
? A
( P 7
8 R
F
( G
, T
D :
L
1 "
2 &
# F
2 .
, B
= $
1 A
N
/
p
* &
# "
( M
_ "
2 9
! CqfJ¬%.+*B+%#&2N2X!9E"=B?$(X4cR\9H&19=9\9R5#&1$\@"2"?$\$_n,.2"<,GDS8$#&4+2

P O

<(0O '(
4 /1 1 <=1
³K,'H>I I.&I
Q 4+=B1$X19,G\9:(A2X!9F,GDS89%' 1$+2f/N=B(XS2F=B8>=&%.=&HB_o/<,'2X!@#T",.HB19%.;7=B2F2F%.:1$:46 $\9:8$,.4+2F:\3,G1
Source Edge Node
Node
Source Edge Node

Node

Destination
Edge Node Edge Node Node
Source
Node
Core
Node

Edge Node
Source
Node
Edge Node
Source
K³ ,.HB?$(" I'B´ :2f/C=L("S2"=B8>=&%.=&H&_

Node
A
4c4c=L=L("(FR\$C#(F,.=L19B?946H^!h2FR2""=g(+=B-?$8$#&(X17#&4c(X\`S#&DT2X19!9=9+:\92"13:S(X2XT,.!$(F2"=L4+!$=B?9#&1$HB2o!31$/<:#&4c,'1$%.2"[:=&\Q2";>!$h2F:=|(N"8>#3::\94+4cHB,=BO (X:("(F\i:=LXI?9872F=LRa<1$(+!$-\9|2",G19=M:Hn#T\9RHB\$\9h:H&"(Fo2F=L,G191$?9=92F#YR2"\9(",'S=Lo1`/5#B19(F!9|=9R(F\94cTB=LI 2"1$!919oR4c2X2F("R# \ M2F4E=],G#]DS;7#&=B(X2FY2"%':R\Q19:#&464c ·

ON

a<!9|R(F P 87#&R("(F,GDTs ¶S:1LF=L2o?$/<(X4c,.2"!¯19=9#]\9!9::,.HB7!-#&·f17"\n8>+RR#&\ 46!`%'=9=B4+19#&%5=Y#&dK(":2"#!$:2fD_987HBh:191$R+("2f#&/N2F=BR(XNa U X!9=B("4+2o=B1$8$19("R=B4c8$2"#&,'=LHB1$#Y+2",'I =L1\9:%.#_9+Z /<,'2X!
4c=LDS89%':2F:%'_n"_9DT+2"(",G4%',G1$-+´
,G1$-;7:2f/C::1^2"!$o:\9HBM19=9\9: #B1$\2"!9M4+=B(X(FR"8>=B17\9,.1$H3"=B?$(X4co19=9\9R !$#*BS\$+%G#_-=&d
R¶ )FR4
.
#&1$\ ¹ h;78$<;$#&17\9/<,.\$2"!iI
,G1$-C;>+2f/N+R1M2"!$
R\9H&
19=9\9#&1$\n2"!94c=L("(":X87=L1$\9,G19HE\9RF2",.17#Y2F,.=B1`19=9\9!$#&[:¶ )FR4[\9:%.#_o#B1$\

:¶ V;$8$A;$#&17\9/<,.\$2"!iI
,G1$-<;7:2f/C::132"!9e4c=B("19=9\9 #&17\nR\9H& 19=9\9R<2"!7#Y25#&("#Y2"2"#&46!$:\32F=S2"!$EF=L?$(X4c:A!$#*B¶$I.:DSFR4

\9+%G#_M#&1$\ ¹ h;$8$<;$#B1$\9/<,G\92"!)I
a<#&1$!9\Q:%',G¶ 1$hn;$;>8$+<2f/N;$+#BR1$1n\9/<2X!9,G\92"4c!)=LI (F19=9\9 #B1$\nR\9H&19=9\9#&2F2"#B46!9:\`2F=S2X!9 \9:"2F,G1$#&2F,.=B13!$#&RDT":4\9:%.#_

4 /@B8 w 132A4D< j 2X("#B1$Fdm:(":\ O %.e!7#&

# #&("+2"=n\9,GF2X(F,G;$?92",'=L1|/<,.2"!VX!$#B87T8$#&(X#&DT+2":(E&I s o#B1$\
#&13#³K*&,'R%.:("S#&H&2"
=]F;7, +|2X=Y("dA#B:1$¶B"-DT;B,._-2F2"2"::\
U#&"(X+(F ,.*& ¹@7#Y 2S¹ :#Bdm=B46(<!k"",GDe=B?7,.%G("#&4+(A38$19#&=9(X\9#&|DT:#B2F4+:4c(X=L+("Z"\$I ,.19H2F=]# =&,GXF=L1g8$("=-4+:XT/<,'2X! #B1

#",.*&DeR("?9#&%'2XH&#&@19(":#&=B2F?$h"%.=&_&dEI O %.:n8>:(`FR4c=L1$\iI L+*B:(X#Y% ":X",'=L1$Td(F=LD 2X!9QX#&DTh"=B?$(X4ch1$=-\$V4+#B1;7#&4c2",'*B

#,.Y2"2 E>A2""4-!9, > + o4D%.:,G2F1$=h` ;>;> M+2f8=&/Nd +8 RR¶&1@¶@42" !98$e#B4464cY=B`+("2X5+I`8;19@B=9a<8 \9!L E?74#B/1$2"4D\@!9@B 2"C !$.B R
?9:\9:?9?$HBRME?9S19DT=94+#B#&\91$1Q#Y2XHB;$!$:?9#YDT,.%2
\Q:4c1L=B?$2 178Q8$19#B=B:("194+#B2"%._hDT<2"+#Y=M2F2[R2"2"("!9!9eo#&\92;>:=&=&"2F2X2F2"!9,G%'1$R:#Y19( 2":,'1$46=L=-|1i\$IA(":=BQ ?$\92Fe:,G\](:46!919=B,I=B"&2 I

!$DS##&*B1$T#&#BH&1hRDe,G1-Rb>1L2o?9R,.1$`4c?$oF=LR1h\¯2"/<!$,'M2X!(FR#]"?9J5%.2"q:IE·9qr& 1Q2"*B!$:M(XF;7,.=B=B1 2F2FL %.:/C1$V:4646I !$=L.-=L?9F:@?$S2X!9#&Q2X2"#&!9DToh4c=L8$(F#BS("19#B=9De\9:B2FR("#@SDEdm=L?9(M%.2F;>,'·W=&J 2"&!87(F.-,.=B?9(":,'?$2f_

%.19+R*&4c::%.XEX#&UDT(",'%.=B_]("E#&1g\9:=L2"#&89,'2F%G,G5DS/<#Y,.%<%'K8>;>:E(Fdm=BH&(X,.*&DTR#B1|1$;74c:@%'=p;$/?9ZX2oI (X
#Y2X?$!9( :(e#&,.2FD =],G4+1h(":46#&!92F=-3=B4c",.=B1$17Ho\9,'2"2"!9,'=LT1$8$T#&2"(X!$#&DT#&2o+2"#Y:%.(X'=p<//A#&?$5S192"=B=2 "2"2"=M?7\9=B_g;92X2"#Y!$,G1
:4+2n=&d\$, iFR(F*k=B1\9,GDT,.1$,.X!9,G19Hg2"!$V%.=BXM8$("=B;$#B;9,'%., 2F,.:o=&d*9?9%G19R("#B;9%'h"+HLDT:1L2":5#&1$\ 2X!9V,GDS8$#&4+2
` J( %J '!
(`
.O '!< O JR "$(
=Y8$d[#B("2"#B!9De,GS:2F#&R4c("2"C,'=Ldm1]=B(A=B2X1k!9a2f /N =S878>(F:,.(F=Bdm("=B,'(X2fDS_o#&%.+1$*B4++V%GU\$U2X+!9%G#,.5_&/<2X,'%.!$(F;>=L?9HB !7P 8$89?9%G#Y2c,GZX19I^:\3³7=B;7(T:%'2X=p!$/#YZX2SI (FR#&"=B1iK/N346!$=L=LFn2"!9|X#&DT

2";>!$ee\$³7"("=L2"=B#&(K8$17:8>\$#B:#&46\h!e(X\3/54+=& !9P%.:=B871|(=L=Y2X19di!9:8$S1L#&2"#,.46#&*&&%:+(X#2X#YC*&HBRUW:("(F\3#&R\iH&1-,G&19?$HLHeDE(F:/<;>::,.12"([ZX!VY=Y2"d8$!$#&.-5(X?9#&#RDT*&?9::+(X\h2"#Y:HB(87:#&\ 46Y.-:?93 2"R ?9¶ =Y5 d¶$"Y2", :ZX!$:I ,.\e
4c,.#&=B46%'DTY=L:(5=L2"19A ,'P =&2"4+=Bd+("#M::\7\`H&5,.U*&$'2X:!91@&E,.(4+ ,.=&Li%.\$=B/N=B(5E19"<2"46#B!9?$(F=-"2<,.=B1$2""H=

$'&E( %3R; L>2X!9,.

\$("=B8|8$("=B;7#&;9,.%',.2f_3,.1$4:(FR#&": %',G19:#B(F%._3/<,'2X!|2"!9T#*&R("#&H&:\ .-?9R?9E", :e?$1L2F,.%,'2(FR#&46!9R
2" !$P 4++*p:#Y\$%G:?9\i9 9$62X!9 / \$ ("=B3 83t 8$9(F$=L/5;$#&!$;$:,'("%.,'2f_n2"!9,.E\7B(FI =L8387(F=L;$#&;9,.% ,'2f_`,.<2X#&&:1@2F=M;>9 $6"/=< 30¶ 9I !$:1|2X!9,. *p#Y%G?9,.
B
= F
2 [
"
2 $
! &
# C
2 &
= m
d F
2 :
n
1 "
2 9
!
9
\ , : "
( :
L
1 F
2 G
, Y
# "
2 '
, L
= M
1 7
; :
f
2 C
/ :
:
n
1 "
2 9
!
$
8 "
( '
, L
= F
( .
, F
2 .
, :
C
.
, N
9
\ L
= 9
1
+?$2"":(X+2"!9´[,G\$5(F#&=L878$8$
(F#&=L("#&E46!i879R"(r,.dm17=L4c("DT/<R\V,'2X!@#Y2
(F#nNr:%G#&4c2"(",'H&=LR1@( #Y.-2<?9R#T?9%.e#B(F"HB, ::E(N/<dm=L,.( 17\9HL=p(F:/0:1h", :87#&46/CY:2"#Ye%G"U=TBI H>HB+I 2A B%G#& (" H&ZXI:(AQ\9S:%.#8$_9(":c-dm:/5(
!919,.=B46!32[2",G1=

7
? F
G
, 9
1 e
H $
\ , : "
( :
L
1 A
2 F
:
"
2 N
Y
=
d $
8 B
# "
( B
# e
D ·
"#&=B17DT\|<,.1h P H&8>%.=B:(";$,.#&DT%:\91L:2"HB:(X\o#&\$8$#&#B2F(",.#B=BDe13:=Y2FdR("8>:("(F:dm=BX?9(XDS%.2#&,.1o1$4+# %'=pA/N_@:(KH&2X,.!$*-(F,.19=LHn?9HB2"!7!98$T?9"2#BdmDe=L(eHB8$("#&+(XR#&1TDT87+#&2"46:Y(X:52"2"K=`2X!$;>#&=&1T2"!Vdm=L8$( (F(",.:=B\S(",.2F8$,.#&::46&7+/N2X

4+\9#B, 1@R%'(FRR#&1L(X2F1|,G#Y#&2F,.;>=B=B1?9,G2 2"2"!9!$T:1]\9,.("\9:=L4+1925M ;L:_Q4+2?$"=&,.d1$H387(F2X=B!92FM:4+J52F,Gq19 HM9· *9& ?9%G#B198$:8$(X#&("=B;$#&%' 46!)8$)#B,.461Y:/52"<!9,G=L461@!2"2"!9!9Tà(F Nr: 4c2"87,'=LR1^(rdm=L8$("(FDS=L;$#B#&1$;$4cB,'%.IA,'2f_Va<!$=Y d

:8$#B#B4646!VY+2f2X_98>\$o("=B=Y8$dA8>4c:=&\S%.=B%.(:X\9R2X87!$R#&1$1o\$E(":=B\S1Q=L192"!9:M:&#/N*B :(X"#Y,.DSH&T89%.1-_S?$46DE!9;>=-:=B("<=&dA2"!98$:#B,.( 46Y2":!$2"("

=B?9=YHLdA!$2"8$!$?9#&22U2f#&_91787\oBIM4c=Ba<17!LF?7.L?$2F:=h1L2F!$%._T#*B#&e%."HL=(F:2"!$:1
/54c=L!9(",G("L46:!@,GXDE8>\9?9=B+1$%G2"#Y\9:2"(X,G,'19De=LHM1$,G<19#R#&*BA(":("2"H&!9
&¶&.-"d(X:?9#&4
:4+?9%.2F=BT,.=B19F1`H>, I+=Y&a<dZ 87!92F#&=346("Y;7#&:e2F2"A%'=p=Y2X/Nd!$:#Y#&/( 2<(XL7(F/<,.2X*p!9,.#Y%',G)%;>=Y,GdK;9\9DS,.=L2"#&19<(XeY2"=oR;L\n_32"!9HL2" (F!9:T;>:=&1i8$2"I("2F=B%.:8>19:R( 4646o!$,.=& ,G4c =&dK2X!9 CqfJ *#&%.?$

s ¶ Q ¶ ¶ t sBs :¶

3 D ¹ G1

a<;L_-!92F,G:
<,.[#B(F=B;9#B2X1n#Y,G19 P:\Q2X("#S#& !9dmR=&#&%.\9'=pR/5(+I:´5j[j 131Q#*B#:*&(XR#Y("HB#&5H&dm2"88$#BO 46%.Y+2
,G<F#&, +Xe"?$,.DTTRR\n¶ t 2"¶n=M;B4c_-=B2"1L:2X[#Y,G=Y1hd :/5¶ !9S,G46:!g¶ ;R¶&L¶B_-¶o2FR#&A("=Yed\$\$#&#Y2"2X#n#$9#B/51$\ !9,Gt46!¶

DTa<!9:#B1$(":X2"?9!7%'#Y2N2,GA,.2"=B;92"=&2X#Y2X#Y,G19%7:#\`*B:;B(X_`#YH&DEA?9"%., 2F:,G89%.U_L,G1$,G194cHo%G?$;L\9_o,G192"H !92X !91-5?$ DeP 2X;7("R#(N!9=YRd#&"\9=BR?7("("+4+Z)[,. 19#&=98$\98$R("<= #&P 1$,.DS\3#&\92F,.+*L%.,G_M\9,G 19 HS¶ t ;Bo_n:2"¶!9#*&
R;9("#&,'2XH&+ I

2F,GDTa<!9;7:2f1$/C5::X4+1@(",G#&89(X2A(",',.*p<#YHB%GC,'*B=Y:d 1nO ,.%'1@R5a#Y#&2<;9#S%. 19=9I.\9&IBI

:¶B¶
P O

<(0O '(
&£B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
1 IH7£L9£¦L-£¬Y4£ ]$£L9¦-¤ &¡&±$Q7Y£7£-¦.7[H U £&7£L9¦&C-R U ¦& ?I _ &£7L`-Y¡& 6H7¦L5-: U ¦:V$¡B-7¤L£Y7£.7 e
1 .¤ -R` e0¦&$¢ ¦µ` -R U ¤B£¯¢9£7pC-:7¦BC-Y¡Y<©I4H7£Q-p¯-±& LV7£L,-L U -6]$£Y:V 04H7£ ²7¦L9¦ 7$£L:>9¡L¢-£>4V

+;4§ Bk¥-¥L¥-¥-¥ $;4§ B ¥-¥L¥-¥

1
1 ©© ¥L¥-¥-¥ $; -0B ¥-¥L¥ _ ¡L9£-¥-¥-¥-¥ 9¢¬¥L¥-¥-¥-¥-¥L¥-¥ 2
1
1
1
©
+; >9¡L¢-£ >4VRB&¥ $; >9¡B¢9£ >4VRBY¥
&&£B£B\\ 7`7`--9iª§ §§ªLªLª-ª-ª-ª-ª-ª-ªª 11 ²7²7¡9¡9L¤L¤ --7`7`-R-R U ²7²7¦L¦L99¦¦ £B£B$$£L£L

&&£B£BF ²`>9eL¡BL¢9+Q£ >4-V9£ §ªLE-ª-ªª 1 >B±&. V7£B04¡ 3µU Y¡&±$Q 7&£k$¡L¢9£7

&&£B£BFµ>BY±Y¢&. ±$V79£L¦BC -p¡&¤L¡&« c--ª ª 11?2>B±&±$. 9V$¦&C£L-Y¡&¡ 3F¡43$3¨¤L¡&`«-6 7]±>²$¤L£L¦B¨5-YY¡&¡& ±$Q 7&£k$¡L¢9£

12 4£ 35-R7£¯5¢ -63039£L9£Y98

YY?? 7&7&¡-¡-¤L¤L¡L¡LF E?§ D7G9£L¤Y±7¢ £ 7&¡9¤B¡L>9 39¡L¢9¦&$:¦ 3$¤L¡&«< ;=39¡L? >@0ACB
YY??7&7&¡-¡-¤L¤L¡L¡LF®Fc D999£-¡&«-£&

YY?? 7&7&¡-¡-¤L¤L¡L¡L °:D79£9¤L.¦¤-¤L7 e¡&«

&£B ±- )r¡Y²7£& ±9N©W]L« / 11 C35-Y-6 ¤L8££7 7&¡¡&93$5¢.¦ --R30R 3--R£L 9U £&999 ¦&7&¡& -397£LL£ 7pC -Y¡&

&£B _ ¡Y-d)r¡&²7£& _ ¡Y-<© 9«L/ 1 35-Y¤L£87&¡&9$¦.-RR-R U H7£¯-±& .V$£L¡3\7&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&

Y&£B`93-¦.7&£9¥L)r¡&¦-²7¤-£&¤¯ &`¡&±-3 A© 9 L« / 1 ²$£& H7J£ I99.¦ 7Y?£ 3Q-&¤L£

1 ²$£& H7:
1&£BFY35-Y7¤L£0¦ >£EM9>-)r@0¡&.¦ ²7A7&£Y£990¥L9¦-¡&L¦¤-±97&¤kA:£ W ©W35$35¦-&-& 0¤L¤L£0£ «LE /
1 ¢9£ 35-RC -R U H$£$¡Y²7¡9¤L¡ U
&&£B£B 29¢ )F)FYYgg77¡L¡L¢-¢-££//

&£B _ ¡B9M£ )FYg7¡L¢-£ /

` J( %J '!
(`
.O '!< O JR "$( :¶7
YY&£BF3$`±$¤L-6 7£&-R`±7²>e£9¤L£4¥-Y$¤L)FY¥--c ¤.--R` e` -6 7 9¢²>_ 0¡L¤L-4£ Y$£_¥-¡B.¤ 9¢9-R£¨` e¯§ª4§_Aª-V¡Bª 9£§¸ k9¢¢>6G§ª4A2 VL£B¢§¸ )¯£ ¢>6G 2 L7Y¡L9£/

Yk¢B±L²>¤L4£ Y7¥L.¤ -R` e 9¢ 2 §4ª AV ªC©rª§¸ ) 2 9¡&²Ù I9¦Q-&¤
39¡L

&&£&£&8 S$+Y£B;6;6 BbBb§ )F)FTFppS-gg 77¡L¡L* ¢9¢9$££4 //>9¡B¢9£ >4VQT9S-:C 7Y TFS

YY ¢&0 ±--c 7²>²>¤L4£¤LY$W£ Y7¥-¥-.¤ .¤-R`-R0e e $;+;¸¸ BkBk $;_ ¡B¸9 £ B WWAAVV ªCªC©r©cª§X §¸ ¢>2 G9¡Y`²2 I$L¦Q£L¢-&¤ £

YY 0±7-c 7£&²>±7£9¤L£W¥LY7.¤ ¥--c ¤.-R-0e + _ ;6¡B 9£Bk $; $;6 ¸ B B §ª-Wª AV ªC©c§X ¢> G 2 L7&¡LU-£

T
10_ ¡YL 35- U 2 -6303>&£L4 ]
&£B-¢-¢ __ -¢ _ &£& L)±&£-)F ¦&YY±7¯eL£Y±7L¤.+Q£7-R0-e09£g ®$9¢ª§ _ ¡L9£4/ ±7£&±7£4/

39¡L-¢ _S$Y£B &£B`§ >BTF±Y S- 9*£.$7 4 >9¡B¢9£ >4EVQT9S-:C 7Y TFS

9¢ _ ¦L¢-¢ ¡9.¤ -7 L99 *)F 2 -0¢ /d)r +;6 BJ-p0¢ /?IL+ E _ A §ª L 7`-p-ª ª ©rª0E

T
-¢-¢ __ ¦L¦L¢-¢-¢¢ ¡-D.¤ L-97&9£L L99§Rª0ILª + ª E _ A §ª §-§

-¢-¢ __ ¦L7&¢-¡&L¢ 35- D L9ª9 ª§?ª§L§kc-ªª ªC§ ©c§

-¢ _ 7&¡&L 35- UU ª § §?ª c-ª ªC©c§

-¢-¢ __ ²$²$55 -R-R99 ¡9¡9.¤.¤ --77Y0£LI$ I$W¦ V>W¦ V$¤&£¤L£

1 &£B _ 9¢
&£B _ 9¢ ))FY)F4 39¯.¤ .¤-R`-R0e e0 ±$ _£&±7¡L9£ /£ -¢0/ ±7£&±74£ /
__ 9¢9¢¬&£B -±&£- ¦&p±7e-£&±7L£7+Q- 9£¯Y²0§ e-L+Q--£

__ 9¢9¢¬¦L&¢-£BF¢ >B ±&D L999.£ 7 §Rª0ª Eª

__ 9¢9¢¬¦L&¢-£B0¢ A0G D L2 9A$9¡L¢-9£ G §L§k¥ ª2 §

__ 9¢9¢,,7&7&¡&¡&LL 3535-- U ªª ª§ §§°¯°¯®$®$°° ªCªC©r©r°°ªCªC©f©fªª§§

U
:¶ s
P
O

<(0O '(
9¡L&£& $Y£B_ ;6 §BbTF)0S-)FY* $¤L4>9-R`¡Be¢9£>4$;VQT96 SBk-:C _7Y¡L-£/ TF ±7S £&±$£/
3 S
__ ;6;6 BhB &£-£B¦& -±&e- LY±+Q7- £&9±7£¯£$Y ²0e-L+Q§--£

__ ;6;6 BBg¦L&¢-£B`¢ >&±&¡9 .¤ -97 £LL7 99 )FE+;6 BJ-¢0/d)r 2 -p¢0/:IL+

§ª0L7`-pi§gªC©fª0E
__ ;6;6 BgBg¦L¦L¢-¢-¢¢ ¡9D.¤ L-97&-£B L99§ ª09I`ª + ª E _ A §Rª §-§

E_ A
_ ;6 Bg¦L¢-¢ D L9- ª E-§-ª§k®9ª ª0§ ªC©f0ª E

1 _ ;¸ BP7&¡YL 35- U ¯ª F

__ ;6;6 BPBP7&7&¡&¡&LL 3Q3Q-- U ¯ª¯ª ª§0§§ªFFª E-E-ªªªCªC©c©c§§

U
__ ;6;6 BQBQ²$²$55 -R-R99 ¡9¡9.¤.¤ --77Y0£LI$ I$W¦ V>W¦ V7¤B£¤L£

&£&__ $;$; 66_ $;BhB6 &£-£BBb¦& )0-)F±&e-Y L Y±+Q 7- L¤£&9±7-R£ `£$e _ ¡L®$-§ ª£0 $;6 B6/ ±7£&±$£ /

__ $;$;66 BBg¦L&¢-£B`¢ >&±& D L99-L£ 7 §ª0Eª ª

1 _ $;_ $;6 ¸ BgBP¦L¢-7&¢¡YL 35D- L9¯ª- Fª E-§-ª§k®9ª ª0§ ªC©f0ª E

__ $;$;66 BPBP7&7&¡&¡&LL3Q3Q-- U U¯ª¯ª ª§0§§FªªFE-E-ªªªCªC©c©c§§

U
T
1
&&£B£BkF&£B 3p ¡YL3$¡&d35¤L¡&-&«k¤L)FY£ ¡Y)fR¡& ²7-$¦4£&e9¡L£ 3$¡&¤LA¡&«Y© 9¡& «L/ -p¢0/
Y43p ¡&¦BL$¦B-¦.$76H>¦.¥W7[H3p R¡& ¡&L43$3Q¤.-&¤L-R0£ e043p ¡&
1 I _ +L¡&±$Q 7&£$ `¢9£7C -R7¦B5 -Y¡& 7&¡&L7£.7pC-p¡&

39¡LS$Y£B-¬§ TFS-.-(* $4>9¡B¢9£>4VQT9S-:C7Y\-:TFS

39¡L
&&£B£B 55S$7R7RY²²£BYQ`7 e ;¸.§ ;6TF.- - ¸S- ¸ B *B<$)W74 )7>B£Y?«±Y£&. «F@V7U@£L£& 9£&-¤LW¡&IW«I_ _T9WS\>9+Q£&-R«$`-RCe`97Y/£Y7¡4/ TS

&&5£B?7R²eYQ 7 )r4£ ;¸YL. ²$- ¸ L -B&§£&ª-ªLª 3Q$-p¢ / W Ue

&Y57R ²¦BYLQ$7 .¦ ;¸.76H>- ¥B¸¦ £&B9&£& +«C;6L-R$-0¢9Bk¡&«&5 7²E-ª-YQª-ª7 ;6L - ¸ B

YY?¦B7&L¡Y-$7.¦ £.76H>7p0¥B¦ UUY5£&97²Y.27 ;6&.5 - 7X² B^` &e$5;67L ² - ¸ è$B ;6L- ¸ B

TFT
&£BF 3LB
² ;6. - X BK)FY5 7²Y. 7 ;6. - X BQ¦B-$L¦ 76H>¥$&¡Y±$Q 7&£

I /
` J( %J '!
(`
.O '!< O JR "$( :¶B
1
&B B£B £&7B§ £LU-&£-¦B§K$£L¢?¡L)W7>E0£& «FE 39G`¡L>9/ ¦&$¢-¡ ` -9£¡ 3F35-&¤B£7©

U
1 G$¦&$¢9¡R -R9$£L9¥L¦L-5-[]$¦9¤^C-c £7 ¡3?I _ 9-¦& 39£B¦B £-¦.76H¨&¡&±9Q7&£8-
WW&GG£B?^^ ±G&^£&Y¬£9¥B)W7¦4B]£Y«U G9&BªC¦&$©¢9E0E¡§ ^ ¦L5-Y¦ V>¤L£ 4YL²7¡p7£Y95-p¦9¤ /

U U
1 G$¦&$¢9¡R ` -9£¡ 3F35-&¤L£$g$¡-9¦&+ -
WW&GG£B?^^ +Q+QG--^99+Q£0£0-9&&£&£&£ ¨)W$¦W[ H7]£&F«U¦&²7G$£ ¦&§$ª-¢9ª-§¡RªL© E-ª ^° ¦L5 -pW¦ V>¤L£ ¦B9£&9¡ /

W G ^ +Q-9£k±Y£9¥BB U BB U §
1 ¢B±& - \7&¡R - ¦&$¢
&£B )FW G ^ +.-9£ ]$¦-¤Y±7£ /

1 £$¡&«0¢9£ 35-R$£ H7J £ V7£ U -RLR -R U 5 -c £7k¡ 399¦Y 39£L7¦&$¢H7£¯9-¦& 39£B `-9£7
1

9
@ -
5 6
- 9
] 9
¦ $
¤
¡ µ
3 &
7
£ L
` Y
- &
¡
39¡9¤-¤L¡Y«¬¦ Q¡ -B-&¡&¯²99.¡ 7&£7L©

39¡L S$YY£B£B -¬§ )FTFpS-g. 7-(¡&* L«$/4 >9¡B¢9£ >4VQT9S-:C 7Y\ -:TFS
1

3-¡LS$&£B § TSL * $W>B±& .V7£B ¤L¡&« WT S\-:C 7Y3- -¡ TF&¡&S ±$Q 7Y£¦&$¢0¦B-95 - V-±9$£7
1 &£B H7P £ V7£ U -R-R -: U C -c £ 4¡ 37W£ Y-99¦& 39£LJ

&&QQ77²²YYQQ77 ;6;6..-- ¸¸ B]B]&&£B£B¨7&£7¡L¢9-£¯.-

&&Q£&7²dYQ 7 )r4£ ;6YB. ²$- 0¸ & B]&£B¨)FW Gp$^ ¦L]$L¦9>¤Y ±7&4£ /0/

YY¯¯¦B¦B &)F)F5&&557²77²²pQYYQQ7 77 ;6.;6;6LL- -- ¸ ¸¸ BgBgBg&£B&&µ£B£Bµµ`pp-99-£a¦L¦LLL )f£49 YL/ ²$/ aR4 3L7&)FL¡&W±LG
² 9^ ;¸+Q. -- 9¤L¸£9¡Y «]$B¦9.¤Y&±7£Y- $£4a¢/0§ / )F&5 7² YQ 7 ;6L - ¸ Bg&£Bµ`- 9£/

T0T

39¡L
T
&£B _S$-Y£B ;6 §BTFª S- * $4 >9¡B¢9£ >4VQT9S-:C 7Y TFS

Y¤L£¡ 797£¦9¤k9¡9¤-²¤L¡YRY« pRB ²$9¡L9²$¢-¡ 9£g¡ ¢-&¡&£B7B¢B±&±$£ 97£ £LB ¤B&¡&¦-«¤-¤L£L¢ « $£&7LL£ ²$£B±-0¦ &¡YR-² 7£p Y¡&£Y$-¢>£
1 IH ?3
@ U WI _ -
R- U
.7
.7 - 7
FS0TFS
0H 4] 7 .7 5-
57 èPG ^ Q+ -
U V
²$99¦&R9&¥Y²R¬- M±99 9o¦Y7¡L+ i¢9£¥ V-&$£7£7- op9¡&£B-V9¦&p$¦BBL¥ -$c£7 £ o 9£&9$¡&±¢L²-c ±9£ 3¢B±$9¦B Y¡&
1 5- -
57 Q79> 4> VF> LV
`-
PG ^ 3
C- C- 5-

1
&&£B£B0 ¢B±$9F¦B9&£9Y¡&¤ &r££&L²$$ ¡L¢9FY£ $¡&« 0¥ r$&£9¤ Y£B $¦LL
è
5- a) WY M)
V
L/ a)
V
43
H HU
/J/
-*)
C-
&&£B£B c F9£ &£9Fp¤ g&7£&¨¡&« Y£7-
)
)
43
43
L/
/
/
:¶ t
P
O

<(0O '(
²-±9 ¯&C -c ±-£ YRµ.- B&¢&µ±$9¦BC-p&¡&¬ &&C-6 )F$£ Y£9&¤43¬&£B$¢9¦&$¦&²7¦.76e / Y

)F$&£9¤W3 &£B$¢9¦B9¦WV -$£$ / Yd)r$&£9¤43 Y£B $9£4Yp -V L$£7 / &

)r4£ YL²$M )r$&£9¤43 Y£B$¢9¦B$¦ V -$£7 / -B¢&±$-¦B5-p¡&/

1 ±-²9¢9¦B$£ H$£-±Y .V7£L¡3F3$¤L¡Y«

7&¡&±-9 ¤L¡&« )F$&£-4¤ 3 &£B7¡L¢-£/ ª

T

1 IH7? £ 39¡9¤-¤L¡YR« -R U 9.£ 7±$7` -6]$£²99.¡ 7&£L¢&±$9£±-²9¢9¦B$£7g4 H7£ -±&. V7£B¡ 37Y¡&-7£.7C-Y¡&
1 ¦7¦?3B±-57pC-Y¡&¡3 5-c £C© $¦.7[H¬ª ©E,- ²95-R9 g4H7£ K-R9$¡ _ ¡&-<© IHC-L
1 -L¯¢-¡&7P £ V 7&¦9¤-.¤ -: U H7£¯²$9L¡ 7&£L¢B±$-£R« - H4 H7£ p` - U V²$¦L9¦ £&$£L£ ±7¦9¤
1 c*; -:00« HC-76H\7&¦7Y£4 H7£ W-R$¢ Q²7¦B9¦ £B9£L¯¢9¡-£$$¡B²>¤L¦ 0¦9¡9¤LQ£ B© IH7£

1 ²$9¡.7&£B¢B±$9£-B¦9¤9&¡87&¦9¤-¤L£B¢PV 04H7£ :¢9¡&7£ V²$9¡.7&£B¢B±$9£«H7£&7£4]9£L¦,7&¡&-7£L7pC-Y¡&

1 3-9¡ &¡&±9Q 7&8 £ - £&$¢> V ¦7-` - U R§ -R ; U-F-LH7k£ ²$¦7Y`--&U£L¢¯V4 ²7H$9¦L9¡&±¦R H£B$£LH7¯£ ª WV-R$¡B¢ 0« ]$H$¦L£&5 -Y¦ V>¤LQ£ BK©

1 -F V$£ U -R V 0¦7-` - U R -R U -R

U
²$9¤LL¡¡ V77F¦97Y¤ ¡&±-_ 99> ¤L_¡&¡&«- S>9¡L-R$¢9¢¬4£ >4V` - U , TS

1
&£B*- 3)+QS0-6 7±>$¤L0 ¦B- 9¡L8-?ª-RT$S¦&C&7&£B£4/ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ BK)r4£ YB²$ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ Bg¥ [§ /

T£9¤$&Q£ -63FS0$0 - U § TS &£B _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ BK)r4£ YB²$ _ 9> ;6. -R95¢ B [§ /

U
T£9¤$&£FS

²-&±9£B¨ ¯±&¥Y ¨7¡Y7ª £&«>.¤ -:7£ _ ¡Y- )FY $¡&L« / &

39¡L8S$&£B

²-&±-£& ¯±Y¥Y 7¡&7)f4££Y§ «>YLT?²$.¤ S-0-R7 $£¯*±Y9 _4>9¡&µ-¡L¢9£4_>4R-VQ_TP9 S,;6 -R;6CB /7pB Y TFS

²-TY±9¯¯¦B _ ¡Y)r-4£ YL ²$a$)F±&p g7¡&L« / 0ªC© E/ 7&¡Y±-9 ¤B¡&«9§ c

TFT

²$1294£¡L357P-R73Q£-RR*¦-L¤B6H8W¡ N=V735S¦9-RCT¤-LS6 HOkNM` ²93 9.¡ `7&£L- 9¢&±$£ 9£ V-« ¤L¡7 3Q-&¤L0£ E
U
Y7B¤B¡7P &39£¤Y±4356 H>-Y¤L¥Y9£09E .¦ 7&£
4£ Y5-0ª
T
YY ¦B¦BdªC)r£4©rYB° ²$07Y¡&$±-Y9¢B±$ -¦B¤LC¡&«-Y¡&P§ ¥ c ª ©rª§[/ 43 ¡& ¢B±& $²

YY ¦B¦Bd¬$)r4£YYB¢&²$±$09¦B$C Y-p¢B¡&±$ -¦B35C -:-YR¡&-L6 ¥H ª ©rª-ª[§ / R _ 9¢ ²95 -R9L +&$¦B

YkB±L
a#&;9%. I.&´\9, :I 2X4c%-4+(",.8$2

J( %J '!\ !( $( :¶L
'³K% =L,GF("2 "2<8$ C#&46qf&J 8$+2"#&A46&%.=B+2X"2 R¶& -ss ;$¶ 8$ B¶&B- ;$ 8$ :¶B¶&Y-¶ ;$8$ s ¶&¶Bt L¹ ;78$ &¶B¶& -;$8$ h;$
87 :¶ &&h;$t 8$

K

B
a=B2"#&%i%'=L"": ¹ ¹ s t Y¹ s
¹ :¶

s ¶ R

a#&;9%. I s ´ C("=&2":4c2",'=L1n=&d*9?9%G19:(X#&;$%'8$#B46Y+2XA#&<#ed?$1$4+2F,.=B1@=Yd CqfJ

v6u /{ I H+~
K{cTy 5KIH¸K
1 C C/4DC `46!9R46Q2X!9n,G1-b>?$:1$4+n=Yd52X!97CqfJ DS#&(XB,G19HV(X#Y2"M=B1g2"!9`%'=L"T8$("=B;$#B;9,'%., 2F,.: =&d52"!9|

8$#B46Y+2XMAF#&:1$T\32X!$=Y#Yd22"!9/N oO DS(""#&251$\$#&#YH&2XT#S2F8$=h#&\946&R+4+2N(":,.#&1@"T#S2"4c!9=Lo1$19%.=B:X4+F2FR,.=B1i=Y>d5#&< ;>cdm=B87("#&&46I Y:2";L_V#3d#&4+2F=L([=&dA"+*B:1i#&1$\2"!$ @
%.&=B¶BX¶&F-RA;$8$=Y:dI 2"!9 O (""2 \$#&2"#o8$#B46Y:2N=&d#o4c=B1719:4+2F,.=B1@;L_3#Td#B4c2F=L(<=Yd#B(F=L?$1$\3$I t 7;>=&2X!@=B;92X#Y,G19:\|#&2 CqfJµ=Yd @
@B1 > > 8 2 131325> a<!9n1-?$DE;>:( =Yd<\$#Y2X#|8$#&46&+2"2X!$#Y2E/CR(FoX?$4+4+:Xrd?9%. _V2"(X#&17"DT,.2F2FR\

\$"2"?$#&("17,G19\$Hh#&(X2"\V!$`\9:"*-,.De,.#&2F?9,.%.=B#&1Q2F,.=B=Y1$dNE /N`#B 8$#&.-46?9&,.+2Fn2X+IT,G1$a<\9R!987,.R1$,G\9R\$1B?92TS=B2"1^=32X2X!9!9 SCd#&qf4+JE2´2",.!$2E#&/A2#&#B ("(",G,.1]*#&2X%!9("`#&2F#T*B:=Y(Xd<#YFH&Ro""( ,'=L
1$s
L
9\9=-/<:,.2"!19=B# 2
\9#&<R87#eR1$d?$\|174c=B2F1@,.=B2X13!9 =&d CCqfJEqfJ I7I qr1|*-,.+/¬=Yd2"!$E%.=p/ %.=BX58$("=B;7#&;9,.%',.2F,.::72X!9E2X!$("=B?9HL!$8$?9252"=-=7 ,.[#Y%GDe=LF2[4c=B17F2X#&1L2

4 > 4D@71 6C 4 C C :=1AC a<!9S2F=B2"#&%1L?7DE;>:(=YdAFR"",.=B1$#&#`d?$1$4+2F,.=B1=YdN2F,GDTT,GH&,.*&R1V,G1Q³,.H7I

I s Sdm"=L+( e2Xd!9("=B DCqf2"J¨!$S=Y"d ,GDEs ¶&?9¶B%GL#Y;72",'8$=L 1hU(F2"R!9"T?$%'=B2892"2"!7,.DS#Y2

#&%=BZA?$#&(1$DS\h#&dm(X=BL([,.192"!9H3S"464+!$#B:FDT=&edC/<19,.=32"! 8$(FC,.=BqfJ(",.2F,=&:dN#YB2",'¶&=L¶&1^-;$9U C87qfJ HB,'=Y*Bd:
R¶#`h;>;$+2"872Fc:ZX( I
60
CIR 300kbps
CIR 10Mbps
50
40
30
20
10
K³ ,'HL?$(" I s ´ *&=B%.?$2F,.=B1M=&d2"=&2X#Y%)1-?$DE;>:(A=&dK":X",'=L1$
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
d8>"#&,.:1$4+(F4+2 dm=B2X(X!$2"DT!9#YT2[#B1$2"#&4c!9(XB(FE´,.*p"%.#Y::%)XX"N(X,'#Y=L1L2"1|?7DE\$=Y?$;>d(X:F#Y(CR2F"=Y,."=Bd,'1@=L#B1$4c,G<2F1|,.*&,G=L<[?$2"F(5!$REDS""",'#&=L#B(X1$DTLN,.19#&Hn,.("1$ ,.\$[8$:"("8>!9::"=L1$:(F\91L2"R:2C1L(:?$>2F17%.#B_3\95:=&/N(Nd E2"C!$"qf,.!$JµN=pDS/ 2X!9#&,GE(X1|B#,G2X19*B!9:H>e(XI#Y19a<H& !9P ,G1-2 N?$F,.DERN4c(";>2"+,':%G=L(#Y1i2F=YI5Rd\oqrF1$2FR\9=T":"2",.:=B!$\i1

X#&!9(X("=B,'?9*p%G#Y\|%i(X;>#Ye2"
8$("=&=Bd8>"=B:("X2FF,.,.=B=B1$17#&c%)ZXI 2F=`2"!9T#*&R("#&H&\$?$(X#Y2F,.=B1@=&d #M":XF,.=B1U2X!9S8$(F=L87=L(F2",'=L1$#Y%., 2f_od#&4+2F=B([;7:,.1$Hn2"!$
4 C C :=1 2 > @B8 :=1 qr1Qa#&;$%' I M/NT8$(":":1L2[2"!9o#*&R("#&H& \$?7("#&2F,.=B1|=&dC#n":XF,.=B1V#&#od?$174c2F,.=B1Q2"!$
CqfJ I$ "+2"!$#&2<,.132X!9 ("#B19H&
=YdA:¶B¶&-;$8$N2",'%.&¶B¶&-;$8$N2X!9 #*&R("#&H&[\7?$("#&2F,.=B13\9:4:(FR#&":A;L_`#ed#&4+2F=L(

;>+2f/N+:1 pÙmdm=B(R¶&¶BL;78$cZ#&17\Q s Umdm=L(<&¶&¶B-;$8$+ZK/<,.2"!@(":X87R4c2A2F=o2X!9 4+#BF

=Yd19=o8$(",'=L(F,.2F, :#&2F,.=B1iI
:¶ ¹
P O

<(0O '(
FR":IC\$qf?$J (X#Y2",'=L1 ¶$: I s¶B Ls&;7¹ 8$ ¹ ¶7BI s ¶&$-:;$¶ 8$ ¶$:I.¶B ¶&¹ -;$Y8$t
¶$s I.¶& ¶Bt -&;$t 8$
¶7BI'¶&B¶& -;$&87¶ ¶$I s V¶B;$s 8$¶ s ¶7RI ¶ sBhs &;7¶ 8$

K
a#&;$%' I $´j *&:(X#YHB

\7?$("#&2F,.=B1`=Yd#SFR"",'=L1n#B<#Ed?71$4c2",'=L1@=YdCqfJ

v z{c}5@K{cTy@~ y }<Ty@} H+@K{cTy@

/N2"a<!7=B!9(F?9R=L(F%G?9\@HB!n#h19=&ddm?$2`:("/ ;72"!9h%.R, DT(<=L;9F,.2"2",GDE#&#&2F,.?91$,.=B%G:#Y1k\¯2",'=Y=L,G1d1$:2X#&9!91L2F|_k=MDT\9X4cR#BR"("4:1$L(F,G#&,G19(";7HQ,.=7<#B,.2"8$#&<8$1$%.("\¯,G=BDe#B/N,.462"!ih#&Ig2F8$,.=B("a<1$=B!9:8>I@=B"Fh,.HB#^19, Odm+4:/ #&1LHL2e?9,G,GDS\9+8$%.(", 1$=p*&:::NDT/5R1B!$2e,.462"!¯!$#&/N2Sh/C*p3#Y%.=B, \7;9#Y2X2F#YR,G1\
BI a<?9!9%.,.1$ :,.(XC#&:;9X%.8>3:4c87,G#&#Y46%.Y_e:2"2XT!9[\9+4:2"#&:"("<,'=Ldm=B("#&( 2F2"n!9[4+=B%'1$=L"",G \9=Y:d)(X#&# ;9"%._-_]1M872"R!$(r#&dm=L2C("("DS:X#B?91$%'4c2X3,GF1M,G1$#4c@2",.DT2X!9++=L_g?92 4:#&=&?$d"&`":%.4<=B1$=LHV(=Y2Fd,GDT¹ cFR· =B4Y?9I2Xqr+1 I
-
!9"!9,'HL=L!M(F2"X:87(K:2X:!$\n#&1S1$+2"2f,./NDT=B+(X=LL?9 2cZX2"L!9"=\$/N?$5(X#Y4+2"#&,'=L1T1o P=Yd8>:# 4+O2%.2F =2XHL("#B#Y1$,G1SrdmDER( ?$,G46A!o";L!$_E=B(":2 %',GUDT=&dm,.2F17R#Y1M2F,G2"19!$H [2X/5!9:!9"=B<%'[%.=B2"19(X#&H1$2"F,.dmDT:(C+=L,GC?92"De:IK?$46qr1!

%'=p/X87::\319+2f/N=B(X-+L2"!$,.N,G<19=TDT=L(F[2"!94+#BF"=E2"!$
HL#Y,G1$C,.1`=B?$(A#B8$8$("=B#&46!o;>:4+=BDTDT#B(FHB,.17#Y%WI
s I<qrF1¯, +e=B?$,.1|(M2X"!9,GDET?9qr1B%G#Y2"2":,'(X=L191i+<2 #& 1¹ #I
*&Ra<("!9#&,GH&
DeO R%.V#&1$F[, +2"|!7#Y,Gh2#&R("¶&=B-?$;L1$_-\^2F:R:¶N/5!9=Y,.d46!¯2X!9,GSM8$2X#&!946V&+#2"*B :(",.
:#Y#3HB: \k DeR8$#&#&X46?$&("+:2\ #BO 1$%.\

d#&?$8$(F8$2X("!9=B:#B(:465!i#&Y1$#&=&("2"=B!$?7:1$(|\ Rs ¶ ¶ µ==YYdd%'2"=L!9F28$8$#B#&4646Y&:+2"2XKM/N#&=B("?9 %G\eO (X4+F=B2M(X(F,GR1"8>#]=B172X("\E#B2"1$=Fdm2":!9(:RI¬F<a<2f!-_9?$8>n:,.1¯=&d 2X*9!9?9Q%G19#BR;$("#B":;91$%'<4+h8$#B=Y46dY:=B2"?7:(

@
/CFDE=oR?$(F:46%'!3.,2"DT"=MDS,G?$1$#&F#Y%'E.2":,.=B1$(:?$$Ho([F2"=S#&!98$2XR!$F8$#Y("2A=B%.=B#B2"X46!$"!n :52"#&=n\$4:#&\9DE1@R?7\3(F46R*!`"#&?$%.%.=B?$%'251$
H&,G1|=&:d( #o=LO ?$4c%'=LR(<+1$#&>"87,.2"\98$!9R(FE("=L#Bd#&(";946#B%.!o4c
2"/N,G,'=LDS=B1`?$8$%.("=&\@=pd*&;>*-:?$DT%'"GR19DS1B:2<#Y(X%.#&,G1|;$:(:%'8>I :8$(F#Bdm=B46(XYDT:2"#B<1$/N4cB=BI ?9%Gq \|d/N;>

v 5}5{+A 5

BI
&?$(4",. De@ 8?9w%G#Y2Fq,.=B
17a<!9!$N#2F*B,G DT("<:";72":("2f,.4+/C2F:::\ 1 2F=2X!9³Na :Q1$\E2f_-=Y8>d7N2X("2"#B(X1$# "MDT4Y,GI""qr,.1=B12"!9=&,Gd># P O :%.A(X4c2F,G,."%'-2X/C!9N<";7!7:#YH&%.L,G1$4+19=B,G1$19"H[,.\$=&:d$( 2" !9<19 P 2
QN
2"2F,G(XDe#&1$ X$$DTI ,.Xa<F,.!L=B?71`S,G5d(F=LP D 8>=BR19#&R461L! 2F,G#YF=L%.'?$_3("4+\9h,."2"19("=9,G;$\9?9|2FR2"!$\@:/<("h,'2X4+!h#&#o1¯DT;>h:#B=B1@1$=Y%'_kd¶$=BI.19 FRO 4Y%.|IAa<2"(X!9#&,G175",GDT5,.4+2F#&2F%'R.\:\|#Y# 2o$&2X2"!9!9V,G1$XL#&,.DT1$H

2F87,GRDe(rdm3=L("UDS#&2
#&17DT4c=LF2
#&<=B#e19Td?$#&1$4+4+2F2F,.*&,.=Be13":=YXdK"2",'=L!91 Z"CIqf^JE(FI ,.C2Fo=BDS#M8$2X4c#B%(F
8$("/<=&,'HL2X("!3#BD³Ka dm=L([2f2X_9!98>,G[2"2X(X("## MM44EDT=9\9+%#&17\V46!9R46`,.2" ON
QN

ov:w ~}MET|y
<aDT!9=Bo19=L=L87;D=BNr%':, 4++2FR,.\S*&S;B_S=YdA# %'=9",.4:1$#YH&%%.5#&("?$:F#@R(+19I5:2f/CP #B=LDT("-8$
%'R,G2F#&=h("5XDT!$#&:("DTo=B(F("R_eF=L!$?$#B(X("4c\o:
\$,.2XX!$-#Y2 #&#B1$(F\oS87+(F,.2",G1L!$2F::( (X:4+I =B"2F=-%._h4:#Y=B%7(#B(F2XR!$##Y2 19+#B2f(F/No=B19(X=B-2
,G"1$,.DSF2X³789#Y%.=L%G,#Y?$O 2"(<:,'=LoDS1`DT#Y#B,G:1$1nX\n"2"#&=B=LH&8>87`=&R%.("=&#&P HB2F46,',.!$R=BC#&1$1$=&#&H&d%i:4c%.:=9=B 4+"#&2"X:!$%I #&#B("(F,GR19#eHQ1$=&+d2f/NO =B%.:(XoLN#B 1$P \k,G"\$2+´,."2"2"!$(",. ;7F?92X2F#&R(:\k92"4+!9=BDSDT8$?9:2"X,.!919:H>\)I $2"a<!9!$+("_,G19#&Ho%'.#&=p1$/\`2F2"=]!9 X!$;7#&?$("+ I

a<\$(X!9#,G/5qr1;$#Y#&%.#g'46=pn/5"2",.[#B[(M2F2"=|!$2"=BT4+8>=B("=&1L+%.2"%.=&, ("#BH&=&;9_B%,.<%',.,.12F2fR_`#@("DT=&4cd ,GR1$,.1B2"#Y2X[%G("n#&=B%'8>#B, +:(FRV(X\h#Y2F4+/A,.=B=B1$#1@1$_|2X:4c!$4c=B2"#Y:192

\b7,G,. 4+2"=2"%.,DT##B,.1$2F4+2"\V::1L\V#&2"%'(X\7.#Y=p?9%
/5e!-
2"?$2F=n;=|2X!9!$2"!7T#&(F17\$=L\9:?9%'8>THB:!:1$#B\98>FR=&,.%1$,G_h1L4c2re;$· 2F(F=B=Y=L1|·f#&8>\$2X=&!94:,G#&S1B"2n4c2+:IE%'1L,G1$a<2X-("!$#&+ %I

!-4c=L?$1$;i19IR4c³ 2F?$R\i("2"I !9R("DT=B("&N2"!$h4+#&87#&4c,.2f_g=&d

2X!9V4cR1L2"(X#Y%5!-?$; %',GDT,'2Xo2"!$V1-?$DE;>:(S=&d"2"#&2F,.=B1$o2X!$#Y2M4:#&1¯;>
2F:%'Ra<a<8$!9!9!9=L19("DT ,.19:FHSX_9!9"19R2F:R\`2fD`/C2"=BI =L8>("S=&%.=&4c=LHB1$_M"#Y,."%.2"'=pN/5=YNdKdm(F=LR(<87RF#Y:2"*&::(X(XC#Y%i%.,G8>1$=BYRXF\n,G;92X%.!$ (F=L(F=L?9?9HB2F!`R<87=B;7,.:1L2f2F/C·W2":=Y:·f1387=B2f/N,.1L=S2A?7?$F19R,G("\9:,.I(":j 4+2F13,.=B 1$P #&#B%iDT%',G8$1$%'-A,G<F=o2"!$#B
2F#&=T17\odm=L#Y("%.D'=p/5#S4c2"%.=B= "2":(X\n#&17%'=-"=LDT8i,.I2=B1SP #&=LDS19589%.%.:, 1$Ae#B(F/5
!92",.!9%'
(Fq R4c:,'*-2F,G19=B&H:d1`(F=L(FD ,G19H72X!995qM =B2"!9R(+
&I¶ qrs 1oI E=B#&(X\91$R\`(2"2F!$=E#³5*B=&& ,G\e&
q64+I$=&qf%.'2A,G",.,'<=L1$",.DS=B891$%.%'&_

=B1$,G1$"2"\9#& 2FP ,.=BC213"!94+R#B("1`19:2X2E("#Ba<1$X!9De3,.;$2<?$#YT2<2F#S=L872F,G=BDT%'=B&H&$_Q/54+!$=B,.461$!3",GDTF2X:E#&=&17d <#h,.1$F ,GM19HB4c%',.3:1LF2<:HB?$DT":1L=Yd2 2X=&!9d 4+("#&:;$"%'=B`?$(X2F4c=VR+/5I !$,.46!g"2"#&2F,.=B1$e#&("

N
4c",'=LHL1$1$19#YR%W4c$2F#&R1$\ \3L92",'!$d 2f/C4c=o=B17"192"#Y:4+2",'2F=L,.=B1$1`<2X,.A("#B=&1$d"2XDT!9,.25DE#Y2A?9%.2"2F!$,G87E=B",.#B1LDT2<

2f_92"8>,.DT&´ #Y2X%.!9i:2"("!$ ,GF52X#Y#o2F,.4c=B=B17%'.<, "4c,.=B=B1i1719I +2"P:\`#BDS2F=o89%'2"R!$<#&;7("?$52"!9!9 R(F2"=B&2"!$:1
;$;$?$?$eU,.2"qM "+%'d5,.T
&¶ 8$s #&IXt "ZK,'*B#&h1$\Ù,.2e2"!9\9=-C2Re"!919R=B("2e19:("2[+HBU:qM 19R("#&2FM
&¶ 19s =LI $(EL#&qMDS
89%.,'dm&_¶ s2X!9I `B"qMO

.
, B
H $
1 &
#
% &ZX¶s /5I.!$s ,.46#&!g17("\M:XqM
9
? .
% "
2 E
.
, B1k¶ s #|I. %'t ,GDTZ"I,'2"a<2FR!$\
(2FX=o#&19#oHB&4:I#&;9qr1`%.&I=L("\$:(C2F=S P 2FR1$\32"!9(X#&19HB[=L1919+R\$A2F=o?$"#e(":8>:#&2FR("N/5!9,G46!`4:#&134c=L1$19:4+2<F:*&:(X#Y%;$?$":
46X!$!$#&#B("1$qr,.1h191$+H72"%C=B98>19("#B=&+1$R%.=&\Q\9HB=L,'2"DR=h5;7#&2"!74:n4c#Y,.:2DSX:#&89-("%.E#B:1$DT=B\@2":!91L#&R2"4:(:4c\i:2XI3X!$A#&a<1Q;L!9_`Fn2X\9#&#&R(X4:DT+4ci#BR\9"1$,G\ F2X8$(F(",G=&;$2"?9=92"4c:=&\ %Gh#&j("M \9,.U *Lh,G\9?9R%.2F\Q,G89,G%'1Lo2F=|j 2XN!$4+(F::XMcZA4+#&8$2F(F+=BHB2F=B=9("4c,'=BR%.+[´2F"=32"#&2"2F!$,G4

8$("=&2"qr=-1 4+C =& %G8A/#&:_(" C 8;@B: v5@ 1 /1[1 <=C&-"=BDT5(FRF=L?$(X4cA,. "!$#B(FR\T,.1o# O$P R\S/N#_E;>+2f/N+R1o?$":(X+Ia<!9 DS#Y,G1
BI5a#Y%.&'=9h4+#&j 2FR\MUaA2F=M,GDe\$I , &
:("+:*-1L,G25F,.=B?$1":(Xh+I ?$%'2",.89%.Vj[4+4cR"+Z ,G1¯/5!9,.46! 2",.DTh,GM"%'=B2F2FR\¯#&1$\¯\9, R(FR1L2MF%.=&2XM#&("
6
s I<5³?9=B& ?$h"%._gj?$U³F,G(F19 H].-?9\9:, 1$4+R_ (FR&[1L2e:*-d,.(""/ ,'.-=L?91 Rh1$4c?$,.:%'2"S,.89R%.#& 46j!iI¯4:4cRa<"!9+|Z,G#&1`4:/54cR!9",.T46!`2F=]F:X*&#YR2"("+#&%.'% ,.2F?$R"S:(X,.NT4+d#&("/1n.-2"?9(XR#&1B1$2"X%'DT_k,';$2<#&"",.:De\k?9%.=B2"1k#&19# ·

G
:¶
:¶

` O @
\ ! " (
4c=BDe;9,G1$#Y2",'=L1M=Yda & hjµ#&1$\3³ & hj I

7I ?$ F& ,G19hHTj2"!9MU CX=9#&\9DT
&[d(":/ *-.-,.?9",':=L171 4c,.V::?9$%';$2"?9,.8$2A%'M:#Bj[46!`4+4c?$R"",G+19Z5HoF:#&*&19R=B("2"#&!9%KR?7(NF4+R=9("\9&4:I #&C1Q=92"\9(X#&RN1$X#BDT(F,'2=&#Ydm2F2:1`2X!9=BM("2""!$#B=&DTH&T=L1$2"#Y,.DT% /5M!9#B,G1$46\!

\9|:=B4:;9(FR,.%#&:"<:<a+,G1L%.:2F4c:=L(FdmDS:("DE:17?$4c19&,G4+I #&
2F,.F=BR1$\|5,GL1@_92""!92FReD 2"!9U ,G("\hhH&a :1$>:ZXI(X#Y2F,.=B1@DT=B;$,'%.e19:2f/C=L("-5X?$46!|#B52"!$ [1$,'*B:(X"#&%

#2"&!$17 \kqr1 #^2X!9@B198::(X :19\25+12:=YIM dqr(F1^:8f2"j=B(X#&(X\94D1$RCX([CHDT2",.5X=VF@B,.("1=B:17\$1&+?$I4+1 o<=CB4cP A=&#&%.#BDS,.4+"894+,'=L:%.:X1$SS:#B,.M(F=B31$#&M2F2"2"!94+:h#&DS1 j 892FO%'=LR(X\¯!$"2#^#Y%'2M?$,GF"2"(X::#&\ 11$\9,.,'1 dA=LD 2XX!9#Y:2F/5(":o!9%'.,G, ,G462F !h194cDS=|=L#DS=&_2XDE!94+:?$#B(E19?$,GFF4+,.|#&HB2F1$4+,.#&=B=&%1$%.'S,G;7F:,.#B=B,.1$1$17\H

2"L(XR#&1$17F" DTh,.2F?$2FR%'2"\,.89=B%.1 2"j !94:A4c4cR=L"DT$3DT9U <=L1 h46!$j #&1$Z"I1$h+%WY=B#&("1$+=p\*&,'Rd$(+2"L!$=B:1$(",G4:+#&p132X("##B*&1$=B",.DT\n,G2""(X"#&,.=B1$1XDT,G,.\9XF:,.%.=B#1`_B:#T\iI%'=La<19!9HS,.2"(X,G#&D4:#Y,'%.dK'R\7\ ?$$ (FN,G19#BHS("("2",.!$: (

2"<(X#&h17"j0DT,G,G"C",'\9=LR1i19=&#V2":4c\ =&<%. ,. "h,'=L1j ,.e \9&¬+2"#B:1$4c\2":<\iIh Va<j!$,.,GC,GE,GDS4:89#Y%.%.:'RDT\ :1L$ 2FCR=B\o%'.,G, 1n",.=B1$1:9&[#&1$:2F\oR4c,G1M2F,.=B8$1 #B$](F2",.U94: ?9&e%G#&Z"(IK2Xa<!9!9,G< *&hR("j",.=B 1Q &e=Yd I

=YdN2X!9,'2:(X#B19(F4c:o2cZ""&2" #BMq O

1$4D\$@ #&A("&,G4 F¶ jRs "
\iI.ij s &I hUH7$BISjj qM1L
8$("=&B2F¶ =9s 4+I=&|%U";$:#B¶ FVR\@;$=B8$71+Z"<qM O
h;j & ¶ s & I ,. UDE2"!9?$ %'2",.DT2"!$:\$:(X,.#$19Z"+2:>qM O
#&17\`*p&#B¶ (Fs ,.I'=BB?$M5U*&/<:,G(X(""+,'%.=L:1$X

E
#&j17\e1-?$Mq DE O
;>:( &¶ s I' ,.Et 46U!$!9,'=BHL"!T:1QX8>("+#B:1$\i\9Z"_ =BIDTa<#B%.;1!9_&$[¶!$,'2XHL !9!-:· (XX198>:+2 :\`,.1$:4+¶B%.?7¶/5\9h!$::;7("8$# +;7Y#&4+46=B3 YDS= DT8$n##&,.Y1)2F%.,GU-H&;9(=L%'N+(FR,./<2"¶9!$,.ZX2"DS!S#&\91$dm,=B\(R/52"(F!9R!91B5R2K(F(" +2f_92X(k("8>#B:,.1$K"=YDT2Xd!9,Go""j 2F,.=B=B[1$2"#Y+:Z% I

&
12F-=M?$DE;> ;>:([=Y2Fd ,GDT4+=&:%.5',G"2X,'!9=LE1$4+=&#&%.%.'(",GF:,.#B=B\91`_`/< ,GP 1$87\9R=p(F/,.:1$U/54+:!9\h,G46;L!@_3,.52"!9s 2fS/<,.8$4+#B462"Y!9+E2:I[DSa<# !9P e,GDE2F,G?7DTD e8$;>("c=Bdm=B87("#YeHB#&("2F+,.2X=B("1n#B1$2FX,GDeDe,GEXF=Y,.dK=B1@2"!9,GE "2X,.#&HB&1$:#&1 %

,G1`2Xa<!9!9o%.=-Mq4:
#Y%)#B&(F¶ Rs #eI M19:,G2f/C,GDT=L("8$>%'ZXRIDeR1L!$2F::1'\^( ,G1^3µ1$: I`¹ 9a<2"!9!9M2X4+("=&#B%.1$',G"FDT,.=B,G1Q""/<,.=B,G1M1$\9,G5=p/#B;$,.#& 1$;>\$=B=B?7191$R\i\9:I \^;L_$&I s )FR4o#&1$\2"!$

%.=&=-2X4:!9#Y:%7(X/#BL-(FRa<#!$19 +O 2f/N(X"=B2C(X1-?$,GDE%.;>, DT:(A,.2F"2"2":#B\o1$\$2"=ECdmY=B-(CD32"!9I

qf2N2"!7!$(F#&=L?9"HB+!$*B87:(X?9#Y2C%9,G*B1 :(XVF,.;$=B8$1$::9YB2"!9I H>ICFRR¶&4c;$=L#B1$F\o9dm=L9( :¶B2X!9;$
#&"DT s =9$\$:?9¶B%G;$#Y2"(",'=B=L#&1h\7U/<¹ ,'1$2X!\
=Y2F$&,Gd;7DT(F=L I ¹#&(F);\ R$`F\$R?$De4Y4+IA&R#&$19#&!9,G1719:\3H@1V"19?$=o=|F\9,G19DT=-Hn:=-A#o\72X?9d!9%.#&#&"2F2FDS,.:=B( # 1P ZX,.IT2"De!$a<?$:!$(XD19S+8$"2:!L,.>%'_9R2X1$"!9,.4c,.4:[S#YF%)87,.(X%R:#&(F1$19,.=94+HB\Q[2F=&;>,GdDT+2f2Xe/N!9+#&R 191V/C+2f2X:/N("%'#B=B1$(X#&X <DeI 2X,.!92Fe2":DS\V# d("P #B,GDEDT?7:
D ,.1k8$(":=B¶B87;$#Y#&HB"#&R2FM,.=B,.1
G

8$?92X5a<!94+#BR1`(F5;> P ,.=B";$2"N2"#Y#&,G1919=BR\`2"!9#BR1$( \3C2"/5!9!9R:("("19:2 2"!92":R46(F!$19#&=B("%'=BH&%'R_S"<;$#&4+=&":%.'\M,G",'=B=L1o1$+"/2":!$#&E2e%.+("*&
:%.?9 R(FF:2E%.#&872F(F:=B\@2F=92"=n4c=B#S%ZX%.=-2X4:!9#Y %#&h(":j #S19+8$2f("/N=&=B2F=9(X 4+=&´ % %., U17&nI H7%GI #_&R(<2"!$8$:(F(X=B192F+=92e4c=B=B%.( 2"U=BX?$&:46!1

(",.19H7a<Z!9#&A1$;$\3#&2""!$,G4 /A8$#!L__-"2F,G=4+#Y\9%i 46O !$19#B<1$# 19:%jI ¯2"!$("=B?$HB! /5!$,.46!e#[HL(F=L?$8=&d 19=9\9R,GK4c=L1$19:4+2FR\E,GK;B_2X!9<4c=LDTDS#B1$\
&£B ¤L¦Y )Fpg7£&« 9¦Y *L¦L U ±Y £&9 ,4/

a<!9R(F#&("F:*&R1`#B(FHL?$DT:1L2":´
BI5j0HL(F=L?$8`=Yd19=9\9::9&I H7I YL c0p9®µp7°
s I<2"!9 \9:%.#_B

7I<2"!9 ;$#B1$\9/<,G\92"!
t I5#e%.,G1$o%G#_&:(N2f_98>oU&I H7I $ 5$9Z"
$I<2"!9,G1L2F:(Fdm:(":174c .L?$:?92f_98>&$BI H>I $
?9:?$' &(F=L8à#Y,.% $7
¹ I<2"!9 hj 2f_987oU&I H7I $ A$.¦ 7 _ + ¦ _ ¢ $
=B( $ A$L¦ 7 #-0ª E c $9Z

` L J( %J (9 '\ ( :¶
oUBI H>I $ N!$#B1$19:% $$Z

,G1 Nj !7K#&#B8912": ( P #&s DSU³K89%.,.&H7YI 4+=Bs 1$I s "ZA,G\9,G:1(/52"!9!9<,G4619!:2f1$/C=-=L\$(":[ ,G1E1$7³K,.H71 IAt
7#BI'C1$\^/5!917,G346! #&,G("S#
87DT?92=9\9=B+1^, O #@4+#&4c2F=L,.DT=B1EDT=Y=Ld71 2X!9Nj 1$E+2fI/Na<=B!9(X
,G "2"DT?7:\9#&,'R17\

$n4
$n0
300kbps
2Mbps 100ms
10ms
LAN
$n2 $n3
2Mbps 300kbps
100ms
$n1 10ms $n5
³ ,.HB?7(F
$I.&´j j µ P #BDT8$%'
2"#&!746-#Y219=pa/< %.: \$H&87:#&DT46YR:1B2"2X

\9"::1L"22F,G1$;L_o#&2F19:\Q=9\92F[=|1 19t =92F\9=TS191 =9t \9#&(X1$("¶e,'*B#YE%GF#Y=E%GF#B=@("("#Y,.2*&519=9#Y\92No19=917\9V[U1>#BS1$\QU#B#B1$(F\nR#n#B(F\$5("=B\$87("=B8787R87\VR2X\o!92":!9("YRZX(F&Za#B 1$ \
& 8$#B46Y+2XA\9:"2F,G1$#Y2":\32F=o19=9\9 1>e#&%."=o#&(X(F,.*&#Y2<19=9\9 1 t UW#&1$\@#B(F\$("=B8$8>:\32"!$:("YZ"I

a<!9X4+(",.892 O %.,G<2"!9R132"!9 X#&DT#&A P BI 2X4c%UWa#B;9%' s I t Z;$?92</5!9R(F/N(":8$%.#B4c2"!9 4+=BDSDS#&1$\7

YYkk¢B¢B±L±L²>²>¤L¤L£4£4Y7Y7¥L¥L¤.¤.-R-R`èeYY.. c0c0YY97®0°ªCªC©r©r4°4° A4A4V0V,®9cLªª 22 99¡&¡&0²0² I$I$Q¦Q¦ -&-&¤¤
;L_M2"!$ 4c=BDSDS#&17\
&£B ¤L¦Y )Fpg7£&« 9¦Y Y. c Y9® Y$° ]ªC©r4° AV®9ª Y±7£&±7£ 2 9¡&0² I$Q¦ -&X¤ A0@ _ _ + ¦ _ ¢ _ H$¦&-7£9¤W/

&R¶

` O
@
\ ! " (

; ¯
"2a<UR(X!9#Y#&R%.46, (F!Q+n:;$\k#B#&(F4c"ne:%'2fG"/C?92"%G#&=h#&2F(T,.#B=B8$191h8$+("2f,G/N=B#&=B(F46R(X!$"V8>:=B,G1k17dm=LF/5,G( ;9!9%./<,.46,G!(Fdm=B:(%':R#B"#B46 19!g=&4+2X=BDT!9DS=B:DE(

;9,.4c?7%'3:19%',.,G4:Z"T#Y2"4+",'=B=n=L1$1]2X1$!$:;7#Y4c:22"2f:/C#3\:4c:2F=B1]=DS2f=BDe/N19?$=V319=B!9,G4+(T=L#YFDT2"2X,'+=L=BIh1V(" a<;>O$!9+P2f /N:O \k+(XRF1h;$2 #&2f,G"/N @=`2XF!92XDT`#Y2F=B4+,.;9=B:,.171-% ·

";$2"#B#YF2"R,'\n=L1$=&dK("#B/ 13.-?9#B,G\-(FN·f!92"=9!94
A1$2"=+2f,./N1L*&=B=B(XM%'*B;7:=L2f19/CA:=B:(K13DT?$"=B:("(XAA;72"#&!$"#&A25"/<2"#&,.2FX,.!3=B1$2F=o:I4cj=LDS":DE4+=B?$1$19\e,G4+#&\92F: 4+:;>1L+2"2f(X/N#Y%.+, R+1`:\TR#&#&4687!`8$(F=&=L2X#&!946:! (:I4+=B\$1$?9",GF2"2X=
2"("!$/ .-E?9DT,G(F=BR("DT%',G=BDT;9,.,'%2"
:\|19=9(X\9#&19RAHB
19=&=&2Cd=B#o19De%._o=L2F;9=T,.%';72":"(X=BDT?$(X,.1$4cR#&%=BU/<(N,.\92"R!VF2"(F,.R1$"#&8>2F:,.4+=B2<1o2F=&=Md# 8$#BO$46P YR+\32XC;7;7#&?9"2N#&F2X%."#Y=E2F,.2"=B= 1iZ"dm=L7(F2X/A!9,G#& (X\o#&878$8$#&(F46=L&#&+462X!
;>#&\9+2f· /N!9=9+4<:1`19:=&2f2X/C!9=L:(A("-DT=B!$;$#,'*B%.:A:2"I !9C
+#&%.\9?9*p%G#&#&1L(A2X"#Y2"H&#&A2F,.=&=Bd1n;>!7+,G#&19AH #e.-De?9,G?$46L46!`%'_T%.#B\9(F:HB89:%.=p( _B(X#B#&;91$%.H&A
#B2"!$2"#B!$1n+_S#&\9\9· =E!9=9194
=B219(F+2f/N.L?$=B,.(X("-5+#&I 1T' =pP /N,GF+2"*B,.:1$(:H
,G1-d("qr#B1nF2X4+("+?7%.4c?$2"?7%.#B(F(CBI 19:2f/C=L("-:B2X!9/<,.("+%.:XN8$#&("2C,GA(FRF2X(F,G4c2":\o=L19%._o2F=T2"!9#&4:4c:XC2F=S#e19:2f/C=L(" -#&1$\n/<,'2X!9,G1
2"("!$=B?9S2"1$,.19+Ho2f/N8$=B("(X=&32"=94+4c%.=&#B%G"N",G2"4+!$#Y#&%K25("=B!$?9#2"*&,.
19H@2F=M8$;>("=& 2"#&=-\74+=&#&%G89[2":4:\`#&1Q2F=T;7od(F ?$.-"?9:\i:1LIT2<j 2F=L\-87·f!9=B=9%'=B4SH&19_M+462f!$/N#B=B19(XH&3R,.+1I 4c=L1L2"(X#&"2[("+%._|=B1VX8>:4c,G#Y%

a
= T
D -
= $
\ +
% N
/ +
.
% [ +
4 +
.
% $
? .
% B
# n
( 9
1 :
f
2 C
/ L
= "
( -
:
N
&
= m
d F
2 R

1 F
L
= $
8 9
! G
, F
"
2 .
, :
4 Y
# "
2 :

\ "
.
, e
D 9
? .
% &
# F
2 .
, B
=
46#&!$1V#B#&1$\919*p+#&%<17#B4c(F:3\|1987+!BR_9\9":,.\i4:#YN%#&%.T#_B/N:+(5%.ADT#B=9T\$?92"!9%.n@UWF#Y,GDE%.2"!9?$=L%.#&?92FHB,.!h=B1g,'2=&4cd
=L8>1B=p2X/C#Y,GR1$(e 4+"=B=B1LDT2"E("=&"%A,GDTDT8$:%'46S!$#BDT19=-,G"\$DS+%.:, 19IgHn1$dmo:#&\92"=-?$:("S: 19=Y=Bd 2T(X!$#&#\9*B,.= 1 F
2 -
= B
= .
% n
Y
= d "
2 $
! Q
$
8 L
! 9
_ F
G
, +
4 &
# % X
( &
# 9
\ .
, =
46!$#B1$qr119+#&%G\-+Z"·fI!9=94e1$+2f/N=B(XL:i,G1Q4+=B1L2"(X#&"2+i2X!9M(F=L?92F,G19H@8$("=&2F=94+=&%G
#B(FS4cR1L2"(X#Y%WIT1$#&%'.=p/5
2F=|",.De?9%.#&2FS2"!$
2"%GDS##B_&#YY:,Ge1n(:I,.1L P2F=3,."2F#&,G4:194cHo=B?7(F=L1B?92[2F2",G19!9Ho #&hAj /N¬+%.)#B#&1$N\|2X%.(", #B171$@"8>%.#=B_B(":2<(:#&>1$2X!9\3T#&DT8789=L%';9,G4+,'%.#&, 2F2f,._&=Bi1$#&N1$2X\V!$#YF=L25De?$"T;$2"#&!9"R,GD34dmI :|#&2"=B?$("("+:=p[*B=Y:dC(:&2"!9,.25S#Y8$%.'!L=p_9/5FN,G4+2"#&= %

8
a<!94+?7("(":1L2<(F=L?92F,G19Ho8$("=&2"=-4+=&%GN,.DS89%.:DT:1L2":\@;L_n1$5#B(F
& & ¬· &[RF2",.17#Y2F,.=B1|L .L?$:1$4+:\ &[,G"2"#&174c :4+2F=B( s
&LJ · &
_91$#&DT,G4EL=B?$(X4cJ5=L?92F,G19H sY¹
. &- -
a [J j pq I· aRDT8>=B(X#Y%. _

("\$:(":\MJ =B?92",.19Hoj %'HB=B(",'2X!$D Eqr1L2F:(X19:2 Vj Na N1$4+#B8$"?$%.#&2F,.=B1
.
C("=&2F=94+=&% s $B¶
.
j & · j \-·f!9=94
! 1 &
:DS#B1$\ &[,GF2X#&1$4+ :4+2F=B( $ I

- -
.
ov:w T`K{+y@ ~ HceE{¸ I

a<#&17!9\VR(F" =BDT#B(FE,G"\9+:*&#BR[("#&d%i(F=L#&D8$8$2X("!9=B#B:"46S!9:#&N("e,G1|#Y4c%G"=L=`1B*B?$:"1L:2F\V,.=B,.171#Y#&%i\-(F=L·f!9?9=92F,G4E19Ho1$+#Y2f%./NH&=B=L(X(FL,.2":!7IDTj ADT,G1@=B192"H3(X#&2"\$!$,'2"e,'=L2X1$("#B#Y\9%i,'/<2",',G=L(F1$:%'#Y,G19%K #&87198$:(F2f=L/C#&=L46("!9-R:
/NX!$#&%')DT:1L2",'=L1`2X!9dm=&%. =p/<,.19H>´
&B
& s O % P ! " (
BI C# :& 46!T 19=9/\985 48>":("C#,'=9B\946!E,G4+#&19%'=9._E\9<;$DS("=B#Y#B,G\$1L4+2"#B#&F,.1$2X2"#

!95*-,.%.+,G/1$E=&4+d>=B2X"!92"54c=&=Ld DT,.2"8$%'=L:?92FA2FHB2F=&=L,G8719=BH%'=B%',GH&1$_-/<2",.2"= !S#Y#%.$4c=&=B2X"!92:87(R19(K=9:\9#BR46!E?$%.", 17,.1$>H I
b7dm=B=-(<=-46\$!9,.19=-H>=B" I ,G19N#He&462X!@!9 19=919\9 P 2F?$· !$8 =B\$8n#&2Fdm:=B (A,':2X#B546*-!`,.+\$/¬:"2F=Y,Gd1$2"#Y!$2",'E=L1i19+I 2f/N=B(Xn#B1$\@#&8$8$%',.:[#o"!9=L(F2":"258$#Y2X!|#Y%.H&=L(F,.2"!$D
s I ;$ !(F:==LC#&/\$8 4:[#& "42F,G19H4a2"!$/[1 ,G@K1-" dm=B(XC#DSB#Y462"!¯,'=L191S=92F\9=Sh#Y=B%. 1$19%'_¯=9\9DTR+=B-19,.,.2C2F=L8>(":o(",'2X=9!9\9V,G4+4+#&=B%'."_o2M;$=Y("d=B#&,.2"\7M4+#&=L"?92"2F HB2F=&=e,G19:H]#&46%.!S, 1$=&-d:I¬,.2"Nqr191$+F,.2"HB:!-#B;>\¯=B=Y(Xd
#&?$1TF@:"2X2F!9,G,.DSn#Y,.2F19<dm=B=&(XdiDT2"!9#&2F ,.=BX!91k=L2F(F=g2":"("2:4:\9#Y,.%G"?$2"#B4c%G1$#Y4c2"<@2"("==B+?$*B2F:,G19("_EH^=&2"2X#&!9;$:%'R( M19=9?$\9",.<19,.Hg1S#^2X!9X !919=B:("2f2F/CRF=L2M(" 87I#Y2"a<!¯!9 #&%'("HB:=B4c(":,','2X*-!$,GD319HI19a<=9\9!9:,.
D2"e!$:#B2"1n!9=9%., \17n,G"2"De#Y=L2"(Fo(F=L4+?9=B2FDS,G198$H7?9I 2X#Y2F,.=B1Q M4+,'R1B2:R#&",'R(2F=@,.DS89%.:DTR1B2 #B1$\^(F .-?9,.(":
%.:XF2"=B(X#YHBTX8$#&4+
N
7I 4c=B1DS> 89@%.+4 2"@B8$1 #Y> 2X/!`: 2X!9+"@_3J5"=B!$?9=B2"?9,.%G1$\nHh2X\9#&&:4+&,.I ",'=L1$#&("T2"#&&:1#Y22X!9MF=L?$(X4c&#&1$\^8$#B46Y+2X4+#&(X("_h#Y%.=B19H@2"!$

t I 2" !9<=:13,.13(2519:: ,'HL[!-"N;7a<=L("!9
+F2X=L4Y?$I ("4+A
_Q":?717F\$,G19NH|2"!9F .-,G?91-:dm=B1$(X4+DSo#Y1L2F?7,.=BDE1`;>2F:=S(X
#Y%.dm)=B(19:2",'!$HLM!L;>8$=B#&(X46C&+/52"!9:=o)#|4c=B191L=92"\9,.1-S?9,G
2F#&=o;9"%.S:1$2F\9=|,G19("HT+%G#,'2A_h2"=#
8$#&46&+2N=B19%._M=B174c&I

P 2N/N \9R"4:(F,G;72X!9 j \-·f!9=94("=B?92",.19HS8$("=&2"=-4+=&%GN,.DS89%.:DT:1L2":\@,G1317+I

! ! ! "

\9RF2",.1$#&,.2FC,.=B#E1i\9-,G/5F2X!9#&,G461$!o4+5,GN*&R2"!94c2"=B19( ("P =B2A?92"!9,.=B1$8nHE#&8$1$("=&\`2F=91L4+?7=&DE%WIA;>N#:(C&=Y46!od!919=L=98$\9C 2F!7=T#&2" !9#e(F\9=L:?9"2F2F,G,G191$H#&2F2X,.#&=B;91i%.I 5C#2X!$B#Y46!o2C,.191$=9\$\9,.4:#Y872FRR(F,.dm=9=L\9(,.4:R#Y#&%.46'!_
8 ! P%B9 :$ ? 9;:*8$ 7 P$ P, ! :<%B9 ?A$ F L9 * ! ! F
& & -
=Y;$("=Bd5("?9=B2X2"#B!9:\$`4+#B/<("=BF,.2X?$2"C!S2F&("2X=Bó!9?9[#h2",.X1$("#&=BHSDT?$?72F n8>"\$//<#&.-,.2F?92"R!R+1$I!94cj¬[,'HL1L!9"?7/:.-(eDE?9F;>: :17.-(:4c?9B:2X1$!91-4+5?$`DE=B1$1-;>5?$:De(A/<,G;7,'<2XR!o?$( "%.,G::eX\` DT2F!9=S=B=L("2"8$o#&HTd,G# R*B#&DT=B46(X=B!`#&(";9<(F%.=L&d?9#I@2F*BB=BqrI1g(X#&qf#B2A;9\$%.X&\9!9I,.=p2Fq /5,.di=BN#E1i2"19!$=9#B\9Ded[(F=LR\919":Hh!$2F1$R2f:4c/N2"X=

2"1-!7?$#YDE2;>#n:( ("=B?$?98>2"\7E#Y2F2F=3R\]#nU\9,G1$R4:F2"(F,.R17#&#Y"2F:,.\=BZ 1V;$!$?$#&2
#&;$X("F=B,.HBY1$R:1i\3 2"#&!91@R1h=9\$,.\@2"1-!9?$=BDE8V;>1L:?7(:DE´ :;>*&::(
1@,.
1-?$"+De2 ;72"R=`("5,G1 4+O =B1$(X(F,'2fR_h"8>#B=B1$17\|\n,.2"2"=nFF .-.-?9?9::1$1$4+4+
1-?$DE;>:(XA=Yd4c=L1$19R4c2FR\`87#Y2"!7+I
! ! ! "
j & ,G#`\9,G"2"#&174cS*&R4c2F=L( 2f_98>o(F=L?92F,G19H7Ieqf2\9=-:19=B2("/.-?9,G("T19=9\9R
2F=|DS#Y,G1B2X#Y,G1V("=B?92":
2F=|\9RF2", ·
843 , &* $ !#P( ?A$&, ! :%B9?A$ F L9* ! F
1*p$#Y#&%.2F, ,.\@=B1$("N=B?92"2"!7:#YN252F#&("R#&1946=&!`2<=&#&2X4+!92F:,.*&(:$:%'j_M ?$& ":¨\)I\9j =-:A<%.=B1$19=&HS25#&89N%G#2"_M!$#o:(F1$=B%'\$B8>I =&,G1L2"A=&d#T4c=BDSDe?$19,G4+#Y2",'=L1`4+=B1$1$:4c2",'=L1n!$#*B

-
J5#&17=L\`?9a<2F19
!9=LAJ5("DS8$:("8$#&=&%'%i2F,.:=9Mq
¯4+=&U!$J%9:?$J #&"\$:K:N(<\9c,8$ZXL("R=9#B(F4c1$R:\M1BX2"J5,.DT19=LHS:?9X2F#&X 87#Y89H&C(R%'X,.:("=B:2"=I(X<\9U,.J X4cCJ=p5*B:J (+#&Z"1$I\Ta<DS!9R#YF,G1B2XDT#Y,G:1 X"%.,#&17H&L5:2f´_9J 8>=B:A?92"#&N("[J ("/:.-4+?9+:,."*&2":N\SU*-J5,GJ#
& +Z"
-
1[-?$"DE,G19j;>HV :\9(`& Rl,GF`2",.?$4:1$(FF#&RR2F#YS,.=B2FR#V1]\\9"/;LR.-F_ 2"?9,.R2X1$1$!9#&Q4c2Fn,.=B\$1g1-:?$""2FDe/,G1$.-;7#Y?9R2"R(",'E1$=L4c1¯:@1$dmX1-=B?$?$(3("DE:#&E;>1L:_¯%'=-(E=B(Fdm8=L=B?9(ed2F("h:+#BR,G46\91-!g=Bdm=LD("("=BDS?9#&#Y2"17n2"\],'=L:#Y11L%.2X'=p(F,.2`_B/5I^":a<2"1$=V\$!$`3-192F\9=p= R/ F(F2",./517.-#Y!9?92F,G:,.46"=B!^2F1k,G19=YFHd .-"19+?9=9*&:\9R1$("R4+#&+ %I

-
("#Y=B%./A?92"#:_-5A,G"
+%.De:4+=L2"(FA%2"$p!$d(":=BX19!;$$I /<[,.2"!3,'*B:2"1|!92X!9HLT(FR46#Y!$2":=&",G2N4cE"/ ;>.-+?92f/NR1$+4cR 1h1-2f?$/NDe=n;7(FR=L(+?9I 2FR52"=`#n\$:"2F,G1$#Y2",'=L1ii#n("/.-?9:"2F,G19Hn1$=-\$
/
2F\9,.R% F2"+,.,.1$2"!9#&!$R2F:,.1h(5=B12X#M!919UW # =9\9\9$YR dF(F2"/AR,.1$"#&!]#&1L2F2XR,.5=B191@2F=B= ?$,G5HBO ;! ("1$$h:\h#&("46#M=B!$?$:("2F=B\3n?$=B2F,G(<T#B2"#h=n19=&*p#&2X#Y19!9%.,=B:\2"(5!9(F1$R=L=-(5?9\$=L2F`19,.&:5 1Ldm,'2"=B2

("?$_V;$1$("dm\@=B=L#&(E/<\72X,.4+2"!9#&!|@"2"# <\9:$Y#M"d2F(FJ5,GR1$"J #Y!32",'R=L191]=B2"?9=n/5HL!9!;#Y=L%.$SFn(F2X=L!9#B?9E"2F"19=9:2"4c2f=M,G/C#Y=L2"2"!$:("\
2F"=S/ .-2X?9!9: =917\94cF=LRS?$1L(X2"?74c!$DE#&#&;>2o1$:#&(A\`(",G32"<!$8$#Y #B2A\9(F%'2S,.RX#&4c=&"=pd
2<*B#&#&:1k("N:HB\`#&("4+:(F2F=L#&,.*&2N?9|2F#BC(F,G=L2X<?9!$DT2F#Y@2<#B\9DS4+=B #1L_g#2"*p#&#Y(= ,.19,.% R#B:\n(S;9%.,G4+&1`=BI 1$2"!919R4cJ52",'J *-,.2f_gEZ",.19I$dma<=B(X!9DTR1`#&2F#T,.=BJ51kJ ;B_k;$,.(F<=L#&":\$1L4:2<#&";$2F#&,G1946H
8>:(",'=9\9,G4+#&%'._n%.=B#B4c% '[+%.'=nDTR"X#YHB:UW"8>:4+,.#&%J5J DT:X"#&H&:+Z2F=o,.2"[,GDTDTR\9,.#&2FE1$+,.HB!-;7=L?$(X+INq $d ' +%. =

4 W 8J F O! '% ( @ & R
DT#&X:XX?$"DT#&H&:R\`n2F=o"2F=B;78 %.#&=B(X"(F2+,.I *-,.19H^d("=BD #k19+,.HB!-;>=B(`;7:_&=B17\F=LDTVH&,.*&R1¯2F,GDTQ2X!$(FR"!$=&%G\i52"!$4+=B1$19R4c2",'=L1,.
:;L1L_2X(FDS_3#&!9#&,.R1L1$12"\@#&,.#]"1$:,.1$1919\$=9Hh[\9#BV#S4c2"\9J ,':*B2FM:J 4+19J¬2"+n,.HBDT2"!-!$R;>#&"=BX2n#Y?$#gHB(
%.(",G2"=BF=n2X?9+2"19I||:,'a<2FHL=g!9!L,G;>#gE=B8$(X19A(":=9,'2"HL4c!7!-R#Y\$;72 ?$=L#B("(M(Fo19,.=9#& \94+("2F|:,.*&8>,G n:#&#B192F1$R=B\@\]2M?$*p#YF#Y2EE%.,19\¯2"=9!9\9,.E2nR("("=B:2"?$DT!72F#Y=p2EL7*&2"R("!9:S,G4+52"+!9,.,G*&5Vo8>("J=B=BX?$CJF2F,G5,G;919J%.H
DT:Xj"#& H&&R+µIKjµ\9=-F:=L<?$1$(X4c=&252"#Y!$%. #&=p2</(FR2F4c=M+,.!$*&#BR1$<\9#&%.1`?$J 19,G\9J ,.("J :4+4:2F#&,.=B1@1$(F#&:%i,.1$%',G,'1$2"-,.#&:2FI #TJ5J ¨DT:X"#&H&&I
-
! "!
DT:=B";9,'HL,.% 19,'2f:_n\Q(Xdm#Y=B2"(E&IDea<=L!9;9,.%'M8$("#B=&\2"=9!$4c=-=&%i4o/N1$=B+(X2f/N- =B(X$YL=B1`/<\9,.:2"DS!^#B?$1$8^\;$$2"7=h,I#&&("I=B/<?$17,.2"\V!9=L2f?9/N25=h#&!-1L?$_M1$8>\$:("(":,'\^=9\919,G=94\9?$R8 \$/<#Y2",'2X:!^:I 87=L"",.;$%'_!9,'HL!

8 ! $&?A( : *87 "56*87 9 :$ = ! 5
&
("4c=B=L?9DS2"87,.19#&=LHS46F&R?$+\n2X8 e=&\$dK#Y4:2"#&(":=B(X<(F?9_]2"#&2N#Y\9%.2X=B!9,.X1$4cHQ=p19*B+2X:!92f("/Nh_o=B4c#&(X=L1$DTI\38$a<(F%'=L!9:?92F|2F198$=9DS#Y\92X:#Y!A,G1L"2X2F2F!9R=B1$+("_k#&
1$,."4+13!9&=LI2"?9!$%G+\,G(<2X4+#&#&Y46B!$I
#&a<%'!$i,.-M19("=p:/5\713?$4c(FR=Le?92F=pR*B+:IK(Xa<!9:!9#B\$8$E("dm=&=B2F(T=94+%.#B=&(F%HB,.
A
j 2 @B1> 4!25:=Cr 1a4D@ $#F=L?$(X4c5("/ .-?9:"2F,G19H 2"=E":1$\o#8$#B46Y:22F=e#\$:"2F,G1$#Y2",'=L1o;$(F=L#&\$4:#&"2"#J =B?92"
J5\9R F.L2"?$,.1$:#&"2E2F,.=BUJ1iINJ q d E#oZA("=B8$?9#&2"46&+,.2+[I 19=&2<=9\9dm=L:?$
1$("\@:4c2X:!9,'*-:,G1|19HM2X!9J5 J J5J ¨FR#&,.5(X46d!3?$(F,.2X1|!9:2X(!9+2",G(X([#&1$J5X=BDT?9,'2"2" 2FRN\|#B#&46!91$\3dm2"=L!$( e#M19=9("=B\9?9 2"E#B\$2"\$=n52",.!$2"
&
=p("=B/5?91V2"#B2F\$=M\$("2X:!9XE
\92F=@RF2"2",.!91$o#&2F(",.:=B4+1|=B(X#B\9(F:\Q(":!9#&=B468Q!$:F\i .LIN?$a<:!91$E4+&("IS=B?9a<2"!9 ,.;$#&4+46=B`1L2F4+,G#&1-1|?9:;>
E2",'("%.+2X2"(F!9:,'M*B:\$\3:";B2F_3,G1$#Y2"!$2",'E=L1h(F:*&=BR(("#3"19!9=9=B\98@S("/<:4c,.2"=L!("\)# I
,G2"j
!$<dm=B("=B=B?$("?$1$,'HB2F\):,.1$<,.#&1$22F+=L,.:(+\3I ?$'19":=BR\Q251$4c;7,G1$F?$2""19:_-#B,GDT\9\i,G:Io(F2"R("j54c,.2"4&%.,'-2F=L:&1$(X#Y1$L%i#&Jµ2F%.,,.1746*&!9L+R%. _&464+-#&=BC13192Xo!9;> 4+#BJ5!$1Q#&=L1$?98$\$2F,'HB%'RH&N\i_9I#&;$46#&!$46
@=&2Xd!9o2X!9(F R89(FR%._h89%._L=B,G119HS#319J5=9J \9 #&17\n2"#B,'(FdKHB#S+2F("R=B\V?9#&2"2
12"9!7=9#Y\92 T1912"=9(X> #&\9/1$S4 X2FDT=3,'2"2"8 2F!9:,G19SHn/1942XA!9P 8 S2[!98$ =B#&48)46
M&IE+j25,G1Q!9:#&1g(F46R-"=B8>19("=B,'=pHB1$/<,."1$%.,G:#&;9\92F%',GHL 19DedmH3=BR(=B1L(2[4c=Ldm4+=L1 #B(FO 1h/A(XDe#&8$(X(",G\9=p19*-,GHM19,.\9H|2XT!$#|#Y4c2=L8$1#&\$O46#&&(X2"+DT#n2 #&4:?$2F#&,."1@=B,.1$1|b>Hh=p2X/µ!$#|#YF2=p=L*&#`?$:("( %'4+,G2"1$o!9@(FT=L,G%.?9, 1$2F4+B`#&87dR#&("#&=B;946D %.!
=Y2"!$dN4+#&%',G(X1$("B_L·W,G%G19#H3_&R\$(C#Y#B2X#$46-IE19j[=p/<46L%'R1$\9=pHB/<DT%'RR\91BHB2 DTd(":#B1LDT2X[#B\$(F eO =Y19dmR2F\`R1Q;L_M#&%.Mq(" :#B\9_|
&8$¶ #&s ("2
I.&=YYdZXB2X=L!9(< #&h(" j$B¬8$#&8$X(""=&,'*B2"=-[4+#&=&46%-,.191=p/<?$"%.:`\$UWHB"DT?746:!Q1L2 #B$7

,W,G1BI B2"IE:(X#`DT1$:=-\9\$,G#YT2"M-1919=p=9/5\9[o2"d!$?$#&("2"2!9,'R2X(
dm87=B#&("46/AY#&:(X2 \$,G,'(F2:RI`4c+q ,.d<*&XR?$\h46!];L_h#&#&46-1V19,.=p1L/<2FR%.:("\9DTHBR:\9DT,.#&:2F1LS2X
19=9#B\9(FoS19F,G=B1$2E4cT#*p,.#Y2,.%4:#B#&;91Q%.T!92X:!9#B:( 1]2X!$#|#Y21$=-2"!$\$
4+j #B461h-19("=p/ .-/<?9%.::\$"2 H&:#BDT1|R#&1B462X-A19DT=p/<#_`%.:\9;7HB :("DT/ .-:?91L2RFU2"/5:\3!$,.F46:!Q*&:4+(X#&#Y1|%2";>,.eDT":: 1LU2
2F,.\9% ,.("":=B4+DT2F%._@H&2F=n,.*&:2X!913e;>"=B=B?$?71$("\i4+EZ">?$#B"1$,.19\`H`,.13#&192"=B!$2" !987R(R("(""=B,."?92F2"RY1LZ"2 I
C(#&(":;7X4cF(":R=B,'1$(*B$A4c:o\i2F=
I =&d:#&=9#&4646\9!E-R1919K=9=p=p/<\9*&C:%.:(X2X\9!9!$HBR#Y:#&2DT("!$,.19:#B1LH 2+=B":(2"1Ldm!9=B2K3("#[/A(F87=L#&#&?9(X46\92FYM,.1$:2,GH[E("8$=B("#B:?946DT2"Y:+=p\2X*BK=p:*B\V"!9:(d=L(F?92"=L!$%GD \e#&2DS2X%.!9,G#&1$n&NJ5F?7,G=L1$F?9<4+2FN#Y%.#B$N1 4+#&#B#&46("46!9("-,.M19:\E=p#B/<1$("=B\]%.:?$\9(F2FHB:,G192":?$HDT(X,.:1]1-1Ldm2)#7=L("/A$&DS#&J5#&=B2F%G?9,.#&=B2""1 2
2F=o?$8 \$#&2F ,.2"A=p/51`J5=B?$2F #&46&+2:I

" ## " " # "

a<"=B!9?$,G(X 4c8$("#B=&1$2"=9\h4c#M=&%\9,.R[F=Y2",.d172"#Y!$2F,.=Bd1)#&I DTa,.%'[_3J =Ydj¨%., 4+17=B31L2"("#&+*B,.1$: (X"2"#&!$%)("8$+e("=&8$2F=9#&4+("2"=&:%G+ŃIA4:qf(F2R#YDS2",.#19_@H>>8$DS(F=p#Y*-,G,G1L\92" #&,."19+,G*&19RHn("#&#B%1$("\|=B?9R2"(":#B5F,G;>19+HM2f/N("=B+?9R2"1|::# I
8 P( H* ? ,& ;P, 56*87 9 :$ = = * : 9;&( 5
jA#&4+2 _9R4c#&%., 464A!|HL("19#B=98$\9!eB ("=-#n=&F2"R:8$\T#&#Y(X2#Y2"2"E!$ 4c=L\98B:_`"2F=Y,G1$d #&a 2F,.[=B1iJ Ij qf2 ,.#&X,."
=-(X4+?$,.#&1|2FR87R#
( !$R#&+,.46HB!|!L2\9R/<F,.2"2",.!T17#Y:2F#B,.=B46!T1)I51$=-a \$[<J ,.1Sj 2X!9;$5?$,'19%G\$+
2f/N#M=B(X\9o,G(FRU/<4c2F,'R2X!\
%.("=p:/CX87RR(N4c!9!$2R+2F1h,.=|HB!L#n#32":194cIK=9=B\9J5DSe=BDT?9/<2"=B,':2X15!V\9#B19R(F=3F2"\9,.\91$,G=p"#&/54+2F=p,.1$=B*&"1R2"(FZX("R:I \n#BhD ?$:"%.X,., 1$"17#&H LH&

: 19?$:b7::("=p\$_h/
U #nd[(F=LJ("D=BE?9Z2"19E#B=91$2"\9=`\ :
#M[/<\98 ,.R\$2"F!^#Y2"2",.o!917:#YU ,'2FHL,.=B!91):&e( Z,.!928$:;$,'#&HL(F46!B=L&2#&+\$2"2":4:=3I #&2X"!92"5=B"# S[/<J ,'2X !

,.8$192"=9#B"+46\9Y%'
dr+IV(F2 Ra<2"4c!$+!$#&,.#Y*-2C2e,.1$8$19HE("=B=92"8$\9!$#&M HB/<#&2F,. %':AK&µ(F2"R,'8$%."#&8>,'46=B2C&17++\]2,.2"?$!9;BR8_^( \$;$O#&("2F1$=B:\$#BNN\$,.2"#4+N#B19F!9=92"+,.\9,.19HB H|!L/<2N# ,.#&2"4+!n4+=B#E&l(X("\9=B,G8$?919#&2"H&465%.&_T2F+= #B2E1$2X4+!9\M=B1L;$\92"("#&=B:,."#B192F\$,G,G191$4+#BH|#YF2"2X2X,'=L!91S`#&1$=B19=&( =92"2"\9!$!9:
( e\9!9:+"2F,.&THB,G1$!LI9#Y2:a<2"Ih,'!9=Lj,.1
M
DS#_n(":X?9%'2A,G1@#T1-?$De;7R(<=YdK\9,G(FR4c2FR\@8$#Y2X!$Nd(F=LD2"!$ F=L?$("4+2F=S2"!9 \$:"2F,G1$#Y2",'=L1iI

&
& t O % P ! " (
q d M
# 9
1 9
= 9
\ T
9
\ G
, "
+
4 p
= &
* :
X
( <
M
# $
8 B
# F
( "
2 .
, :
4 9
? G
% &
# ( $
\ :
"
F
2 G
, $
1 Y
# "
2 '
, L
= @
1 F
2 `
= >
; e
7
? $
1 F
( R
&
# 6
4 $
! B
# 9
; .
% &
$
.
, [
2 "
+
X
2 X
2 9
! e
+
4 B
= X
( F
( R
"
>
8 B
= $
1 $
\ .
, 9
1 o
H .
% 9
= +
4 &
# %
2"!9#T!$:19,.,'AHL+!B2f\9/N2<R=BF2"2"(X=n,.o1$#o#&8$2FDS#&,.("=B# 2F1iP,.2F-,G,.DE,.=B2<1i?$#YZ"D 2F92"2":*!$DS#&%.89?$1$2X&=-CIN\$2"qr= 13;7O 4:(F1$#&=L\n"#&\$#e4:2"19#&!9"+e2"/ N19=9#("=B\9C?$ 2F%.:4+&#B#BIK1$([qr191`MU =& 4+2 #&O J"1$Z \|2XDT!9#&:R1L(""
_`X#Y,.1$AHB+[19,.HB=T("!-:(F;7"=L+=L?92F?$2"2F,.(<
1$/<HT2F=T,.#&2"#e!%')\9O("=BR1$F?9,'2"2"2",.E,.171$#Y!9HT2F+,.",.=BHB2"1h#&!L2F2<U:,W/AI B#BI I(+1$I=Y2+\ d I
(":DTa=p*-[,.19J HTjl,G1B=B*p8>#&:%',G(X\@#Y2"(F:=LT?92F=BR1k 2Fd("=L=B8D =&d[,'2X<q I8$#& ("2A=YUdKqr1L2"!92F: (X191$:+22f/NV=B(Xj >I Na N1$4+#B8$X?9%.#&2F,.=B1 N(F=B2F=94c=B%Z2"!7#Y2M8$("=p*-,.\9R
2F(";9=o+%.=9%., ,.46#B2"7;9Z %'19S"+=h\9,.HB:#&!-%',.;>*&=BR2F?$(F=h_@(X+("=Y:I dN\$q ?$I(F=L4+o?92F¯=p+*&· 2"DTR("(",.:!9:X<RX#&#Y2"\i=MH&I`R#Y aH&#BHL=|1$(F:\hHBHB+2X#&2!$2F,G#Y1-2qdm7=B,G1-(XDSdm=B#Y(XDS2F#&,.=B[171\32X!9=La S1Q[(F2X=LJ[!9?9njµ2F,G"19De2"H@#&R2"8$"?$X(F#Y=BHB2F=&:=9d5N4c19=B2F+%=`,.=&HB#TdC!-;>"46,G!$=B19("#BH&,.19%.19 H&,.H@R8$ #&%',G=&461$&d -+2":2!9SUq 4:I#Y%., %.17 'RL\

8>:(",'=9\9,G4+#&%'._n":1$\$ Nj ¬DTR"X#YHB:A#&1$"/N:(":\n;L_ ' µ(":X8>=B1$"DeR"X#YHB::I

@

ov /{ I H+~
K{+y@ |'{ H' y A E M

# ! "
=p*&SR(A"#&2"#B13(F2
#&(";L:_h#e8$=Yd(FR#TFR"1L, +2F,G19=YH3d"Y,GDT¶B¶&8$D %'S=p"*&4:R(F(,G89t 2
¶&2"¶B!$D#&2\9(":?$8$17,.4+
2F:#3\3",G,.1319HB³%'T,.H a I.& Ia<4+=B!91$1$%.:=94c4+2"#Y,'=L2",'1h=L1`=p*B87:(F( =9#34cRp"A·f19,G=9<\9#&RN[dm=B19%':.2f=p/C/5=L:("I
43 :<( 7 ? 9;:*8$ % P$ ? :<*

K³ ,'HL?$(F I'B´5 P #&DS89%.[=&dK#T2"!7(F:1$=-\$ #&\-·f!9=9419+2f/N=B(X

0
a<!94+=- =B,G19(X\9,.2F,.,G17#Y#Y% 2F%'=94+,G<#&2F#&,.X=B"1$?7 De=YRd\n1$=-2X!$\$(":=B ?9¶7HL!9&=B-?9#&2A1$2"\ =Ms ;7#&("¶$ Z"("I :X87R4c2F,.*&:%'_3UW$ 9Z"U t ¶7 s
B-Z)#B1$\|UFY¶7 sYt ¶9ZU2"!9
.
jAjA2N2N2"2",.,.DTDTMMR¶$9991919=9=9\9\9o¶S""2"2"#Y#Y2X2X(F(F2X2X<<DTDT=p=p*L*L,G,G1919HSHS2F2F=p=p/N/N=B=B(X(X\$\$AA8>8>=&=&,G,G1B1B22UU ts Y9¶7 s
Ls Y-¶$ZZK#Y25#&2A#S#SX87X87:::\3:\3=Y=YddY&DCDCp"Y:F4&RI4YI
.
jA2N=9\92",. DTs M,.<R¶$"92F,.19% )=92"\9!$ ("=B¶S?$"HB2"!9#Y=L2X(F?92X2A<2"DT!9=p*L",G,.19DeHS?92F%G=p#Y/N2F,.=B=B1)(X\$I A8>=&,G1B2U t

&¶7 B¶&¶$ZK#&2A#SX87::\3=YdYCD YFR4YI
a<&I !9 ",.De?9%G#Y2F,.=B1n%.#BF2XR&¶&":4YIKjA2<2F,GDTo:¶7$#Ta 4+=B1$19R4c2",'=L1n,GA,.1$,'2",.#&2F:\@;>+2f/N+R1`19=9\9 ¶S#B1$\`1$=-\$

"!$#&%')?7F;>+%.=p/ 2"!$ & & #&\-·f!9=94(F=L?92F,G19Ho8$("=&2"=-4+=&%i#&17\n2X!9Mq

&¶ s I.& Vj 8$("=&2"=94c=&%WI &- &
" ! # !"
\9, ER;7(FR:1LH&2<,G1h%.#;L_B_3:(XX+8>IK:a<4c,'!9dm_-,GA,.1$,.Hn5\$F=L=BDT19 #&;$N#&dm"=B,.4E%'.=p8$/5#&:(X#&´ DT+2":(XNdm=B( 2"!9E",GDE?9%G#Y2",'=L1$+ 8$("=p*L,G\9,G19Ho,G1-dm=B(XDS#Y2F,.=B1`dm=L(52"!$
43 43 : 9;:$ =)9; 9 % :<H 9
&£B? ]$¦-¤ ;'76H7¦YR B _ H7¦&L7£9¤ -p9£9¤L£$- _ H$¦Y-9£9¤ 1 76H$¦&-7£9¤g L²7£

4 L J( %J 8% J ! " ( &
&&£B£B??]$]$¦-¦-¤¤;F;F²$79£B5¡Y²R- 35B B H9¡&²$¦ U-p9¦BC£9¤B-p¡&£7-W IL«$H ¡4G9¦ 9¡p±-$¢ 11 79¦B£&L¢5«7-Y¡9¡L¥Y²9e89-R¡&9²7$¦ £LU ¦B39C¦.-p7&¡Y^£k L¡L²7¢9£9£ ¤

&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;; - 3.¦ 70BB
A$¦.7 #-ª0E §L§

Y± 7

&
£ $
± £

2 9¡Y²Ì$¦Q-&¤ 5- p±7£p±7£

1 A0@ _ L²7£
1 -R-$£L039¦L7&£ ±7£Y±7£ L²7£

&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;6;¸¦&¤-9¤.5B B
@L9$£Y-7¦ 7R-6@L-$£Y-$¦

1 ¤.-:è ¤L¦ $£L¯ L²7£

1 ¦&-$£&-7¦ ¡L¢9£9¤

&&£B£B??]$]$¦-¦-¤¤;;F-- R3 B ¤L£&R B °-c ª
1 ¦WY²$¦.7 e$£B\-: - 3
1 -±Y .V7£L¡3k ¡WVC-&¤L£&7¡B¢9£7
&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;X;=YCBR²B B
1 9¡Y±9C-R U ²$9¡B$¡L7&¡9¤
®$°-§ª-°-ª-ªªª 1 ¢5-c £Y`-Y¡&¡3$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&²0H
+2 20^
&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;;+Cp$B ¡YR² B

1 0¢5-c £Y`-Y¡&¡3$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&²0H
1 C-6 £¡3¬`-c 7±>¤B¦BC-Y¡&£&$¢

dma<=&!9%. R=pF/<n,.1987Ho#&(X4+#&=BDTDS+DS2":#&(X1$\ #&("M?$FR\^,.1^2X!9`4+=B1 O HB?$(",.1$H3=&d<2"!9319=9\9::/5!$,.\$!g,.e\9=B19o/<,.2"!g2"!9n!$+%G8]=Yd<2"!$

Yg7¡L¢9£-L¥ 7&¡&L 3Q- U ¥L¦B4¢ H7¥-.¡¤-¤7 IG9L¡&²7±9C£-R ]$U ¦9W¤ ]9;6¦9¤L¤.¤ B;XBC² B
¥R.¥ - 3¦L7 II LL²7²7£¯£¯WW ]$]$¦9¦9¤¤ ;W;' - 3¦.7`BB

.¥ - 3 9£&0 ]$¦9¤ ; -63 ¤L£&C B

¥L¥Y²$¦&--0¡&`²I LI ²7L²$£¯£W]$W ]$¦9¦9¤¤ ;X¦&;F9²$C9¡&B C² B

¥Y¥L0²76H$H 0¦&-I 7L²7£9£¯¤ I WL]$²7¦9£k¤ W;r]$7¦9£BC¤ -;'3Q76H7B ¦&CB

¥&¥L$¦ ¡Y²7£&9¡ 0 I9-$.¦ ¦&7&C£ 7&£k>&$¡Y²7¡

¥B¥R 9U¡YL¦ ±97 $I99£L.¦ I-7Y9£ ¦.7&£ >

¥R W¡ ]$£ £&-0 I99.¦ 7Y£ >

39¡B8 S9&£B &£B-¯0ª 7T¡L¢9S-L£ - ;6*. -0WBK]$¦-)r¤Y;F-gR 7B¡L¢9TF4£ S,/ -RC 7Y\ -JTS
T
/<a<("=B,.!9?9%'A2",.H&dm19=B,.H>*&?$n(CDS%.,.#B1#&F2C4:=Ba?$=B(X89(T#&2"4+4+,'=Ln#B1$F,GMCT,.2X("1o!9+3%G2X#Y!92"2":(X#&\194c=9`2F\9=^c=Y·fd2"4c(X=La#&1 4+ O,.19HEH K4:(Fh#&=L1o?9j 2FRR#&("46a!M87(X(F;>#&=B4c2F`=9HB4c,'8$=B*B(F%N:=p1M8$*-#B,G#\946:Y*pE:#&2"%.2"?9:(X

#&#&4+=Y,.1$5d 19\kHV0DT=Yd[=p=B*&8$( :#B[DT46Y³R:1B³A2"2X I9aa<,G(X1L#&!9*&4+
=BM%'#Y*B,GH&o:R\^1L?$2"F,Ga1gR\g("2"#B!$2"4c=
@
#Y%. =pa</!92"(X#&,G194+,.,'192",.HS#&%)2X!9%.=- 4:#YDT2"=&,'=L2F1n,.=B1`=&dK=Y19d=919\9=9\9¶TR,G<UmdmH&=B,.( *&R1$1`#&D`#BNZ"I dm=&%.'=p/5:´
YY77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ ;¸;¸.ªª.BB &&£B£B °C°C©r©rªª

Y7¡B¢9£ ;¸.ª B &£B ªC©rª
#&17\`j",.%.DT, 1$,.:% #B#&(F( %._MDe/N=LD *B8$:(FDT=p*-:,G1L\92K=Y2"d)!9#19,G19=9,.\92F,G5#Y%),G%.=9HB4+:#B19#YR2F(",.#&=B2F1nR\e=YdK;L_S=&2X"!98>::(<4+19, dm=9_-\9,G19RH+I 2"!9 2F,GDe[,.1S/5!$,.46!T,.2 F2X#&("2":&2X!95 /n#B1$\
*p#Y%G?9R<=Yd2"!92X#&("H&+2<8>=&,G1L25#&1$\`2"!9 X8>+:\)I³7=B(AR# P DS89%.&$19=9\9 DT=p*&RDT:1L2A/<,'%.);7/5(",.2F2FR1@#&
Y ¦B§°C©fª RY7¡L¢9£ ;4§ B&£B9¢9£$p®$°C©r?ª ED#L°C©rª°C©rª
19+R\n2"=M4+(":#Y2"[2X!9,G19,'2",.#&%19=9\9 8>=B",'2",'=L1Mdm=L(<1$#&D ?$",.19H

& ¹ O % P ! " (
39¡LS$Y£B-¯ª`TFS-.- * W]$¦9¤;r-RBWTJS,-RC7p-JTFS
1 c-ª ¢-£35-R7£$gH7£ 7¡L¢9£ `- 9£:39¡L¯7¦
YT F -RC -C -Y¦9¤ 7¡L¢9£ ²7¡7^Y7¡B¢9£ ;6L-0B c-ª
2F+%.)19=9\9R</5!9:132X!9 F,GDE?$%.#&2F,.=B1`:1$\$A/<,.2"!
39¡L S$YY£B ¦B-¯`ªW ]9TF¦9S-¤ . ;+-p9*¡&R² WB ]$¦9p¤ 7;r-¡LR¢9£B9TF;6. S\-0B-:C9£77Y\&£B-:TS

t I N1$\9,G2"19!9HoR132"!94: (FR"#Y,GDE2"
?9%G2X#Y!92" ,'=La 1n ,G<#Y4c%GF=L=o1$19#B:<4+?$2F,."=B?713#Y%W#&91$ \3P 4c2XR!9892Ndmdm2"=B8|(5#B#B8$1`89#B%., \$4:#Y\92F,.2F,.=B,.=B1`1$=p#&*&%)R4c(N=BDS,'25DS#B<#&17?$\M"?7dm#Y=L%W(A$:F:1$\9,G&19I HMH7I 1$N#BD3!$#B´ 892FR(
Y ¦B¬W ]$¦-¤ ;+p$¡YR² B Y ]7¦ i¥L£Y$¢$¥YR« -9£9¤L£7L] ]$¦9¤ ;+$¡&R² B
a<!94c=LDS89%':2F2X("#B4c=Yd=B?$(<8$("=&HL("#BD,.<HB,'*B:1`,.1@a#&;9%. I.&I

oFv E k~} Ye ~

j 13 P #BDS89%'=&dK#T%., 19,G132"!9=L?92"87?92<2"(X#&4+
,G
®$ªC)rª © 0rcª¨B§ L® fFªc0E c# E [§ /§ )@c-°I ª /¥-E¥-¥µª §° Q 7²§R0ª c0EM)r0¦ E¨9§ E #-ªLª /0¥-¥-¥-¥-¥L¥-¥

.
a<#&1$!9\ $&O \$(""("2=B8$O 8>+:%G\n\ $$,GA-(F#ER"%.+8>2":2F4+:2F(N,.*&2X+!$%.#Y_&2<IK4+qf2A#B1n4+#B!$1n#*B#Y%G"=e2X!9;> *#&%.?$dm:=BA(N(+H& :,.*- dr,.1$&¬Hedm#e=B( %'=9$&4+("#&:2F4+,.+=B,.1n*&R=B;\ (N$$#e $&DT":=B1LDE2 $7*&RD De$YdmR=B1L("2C/N,G#B1$("\9\$,G:4+;\ #Y$ ·
2F,.=B1i92X!9,.5,.5\$:X4+(",.;>:\`%.#&2FR(+I
a<!9FR4c=B17\ O :%.\3,G<2"!$2F,GDeBI
a<!92"!9,G("\ O :%.\3,GA2"!9 1$=-\$ 1L?7DE;>:(:I
.
a<#e!92X!9 dm=L2"?$(X("#&2"17! "8>O =B+("%G\E2A%.,G# _Bh:(

j U^BI H>2"=[I,G2"1$4+\98i,GZ 4+#&8$2F#&A46&,'d>+2+2"!$9A=L(A87J#&46aAYJ:2,'4+dK=B,'1$254+4+:=B(X1$1$K4+:# (X1$hAj 2"!9^ %.#("=B_B?$:(:2F:R\3,.2K8$,.#Bj46Y
+2:aIqf2F25=
4+,.17#B\91`,.4:#&#Y%."2"=
.
@ &/
.
;7qf³ ¬2F=S,G1$\9,G4+#&2F+*B:1L2"<("+%G#Y2":\`2F=S2"!$,.1L2FR(rdmR(FR1$4c8$(",.=B(",'2f_ .-?9R?9oU%., &\$(F=L8n=&dK87#&46Y:2"+Z"I

. j<1L?7dm2FDER(;>:2"(+!$Z"5I \$#&!$":4+=BDTA2"!9<HB%'=L;$#Y%$"/ .-?9R1$4c<1-?$De;7R(K=Yd2"!958$#B46Y:2NU2"!9,G,G19=B22X!9<2"4:8oF .-?9:1$4+
jA2N2X!9 19 P 2 O +%G\34+=BDT:<DT=L(F,G1-dm=B(XDS#Y2F,.=B1`=B1`2"!$ 8$#&46&+2A2f_987SUBI H>I2"4:8i7#&46M=B(<?$\$8iZ"I
a<!9:134c=LDeRA2"!9 87#&46Y:2<F, +,G13;L_-2FR+I
.
a<\9:!94+ ,.DSt #Y1-%A?$1-De?$DE;7R;>(":(:,G1# s2"!9U/5O !9(",G"462!] /.-.-?$?$#B#&(F%.Sn;$ #&¹L(Xs Y:,.2"1k\94c:=L4+1$,.4cDSR("#&1%ZDS"8>#&:4T4+,%GO#_&R:E([2X,G!91-ndm=B (XP DS87#YR2F4c,.2F=BR1)\gIS2"a<,.DT!$3 ,.O 1g("""2:4+!9=B 1$P \7#Y·
.
2Fh=hj ":1$·W\,G\Q2"=Y!$dA,. 2"!9\7M#Y2""#|:1$87\$#&,.4619YH|:219=9=p\9*&:B(

#B2X!91$o\Q/<2"!9,.("o+%.2X:!9X,. (X\i46!$#Bs 1$)19,G:%2XIM!$a<#Y2!9`=&dNFR2X!94c=BM17(F\QR4c1-:?$,'*BDe+,G;719RH3(+C1$&=-\$"&2"IM#B1$a<\$!9Sdmdm=L=L(?$2"(F!$2X!

1L?7DE;>:(:;
&¶&¶79"8>:4+, O R<2"!7#Y2<2"!$ hj ¯2f_98>,. 0I 0GI I
a<#&\$!9\$V(":19X "P::2`L1L2X!9?7:DE13;>2X:!9(XM2F,G1¯2"%2"U!9aA,GDTFR4ca=B=17\ ,. *&.-&?$Z#&=Y("dh2";$!9(X #&8$46&#B+462"Yn:2
4c=BU,.17134c:=L(X?$1 (<2"4+!9#BQFMq s Z"F =L?$(X4ch#&17\\9:"2F,G1$#Y2",'=L1

.
a<De!9R1L2A2"!91-,G?$("De\3;7;$R(X(+#&I 46&+2"A4+=B1$4+:(X1M2"!$2"4+83,G1-dm=B(XDS#Y2",'=L1i´K,'2X<F .L?$:1$4+1-?$De;7R(<#&1$\`2"!$ #&46-19=p/<%.:\9HBc·
4 ` 8 O! %
&
<a !9Rj¬(FDT#&("=p*&:=&DT2X!9R:1B(N2<dm4+=L=B("DSDSDS#Y2X#&A1$(F\3:%.!$#&2F#&:A\`2X!92F=o=Bdm=B2"(X!9D3R(<´ (F=L?92F,G19HoDT:46!$#B19,G"DS<#&17\7=L(N87#&46Y:2C2f_98>::I

A§ªC©rª-ªLª-ª-ª¯ª*;¸°C©rª-ª @°C©rª-ª @ª ©rª-ªQB J; E-°-ªC©rªLª E-°-ªC©fª-ªQB c ©rª-ª
/5\9R!9FR2"(F,.1$M#&2X2F!9,.=B 1Ò %'("=9"4:2E#Y2F1-,.?$=BDE17+;>$:#B(E1$,.\ EO 2"!91$`#Y%.2F_M,GDT,.A&HB,'2"*B!$:`1`"2":!94c =L1$X\^8>+,G: \)2"I !$`19=9\9n1-?$De;7R(+K2X!9:1g4+=BDT:E2"!9`=B(",'HB,.1^#B1$\
1 @,c9¥p7¡L¢9£4£ Y9¦ 7²>¤LJ £ 3-¡L ¦L¢$¥ H7L¡ 7 0 -c 7±>¤L¦&C -Y¡&kR« - H 2 + 2^
1?2 £ 35-R$£¡&²9C -Y¡Y
&&£B£B??]$]$¦-¦-¤¤;';F²$76H79¦Y¡YR²RBB _ H7¦&L7£9¤ -p9£9¤L£$- _ H$¦Y-9£9¤
9
&
¡ $
² ¦ 1 76H$¦&-7£9¤g L²7£
U ¦BC-p¡& WIL«$¡4G9¦ 9¡p±-$¢ 1 9¦B¢5-Y¡9¥Y²99¡&²7¦ U ¦BC-p¡Y^ ¡L¢9£9¤

&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;F; 7£B.¦ 570-B 35B

A$.¦ 7 #-0ª E §L§

-p9£9¤B£7- H

1 7£&L«7¡L e8-R9$£L 39.¦ 7&£k L²7£

Y±7£&±$£ 2 9¡Y²Ì$¦Q-&¤ 5- p±7£p±7£ 111 A0.¤-R-@-:`$_ e£L0L¤L39²7¦¦L$£7&£L£ ¯ ±7 L£Y²7±7££ L²7£
H
&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;;6¤-- 3.¤ B B

&&£B£B??]$]$¦-¦-¤¤;¸; ¦&- 93 5 ¤LB £&RB @L9$£Y-7¦ 7R -6@L-$£Y-$¦

-
° ª

1 ¦&-$£&-7¦ ¡L¢9£9¤

1 ¦WY²$¦.7 e$£B\-: - 3
&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;F;X-BR²R BB c

1 -±Y. V7£L¡ 3k W¡ VC-&¤L£&7¡B¢9£7

1 9¡Y±9C -R U ²$9¡B$L¡ 7&¡9¤
&&£B£B?? ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;=; YCCBB °®$-ª-ª-ªª
2 + 20^
1 ¢5-c £Y`-Y¡&¡3$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&²0H
1 0¢5-c £Y` -Y¡&¡ 3$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&0² H

&£B? ]$¦-¤ ;+p$¡YR² B§°-ª

1 5 -c £¡ 3¬` -c 7±7¤L¦BC -Y¡Y £&$¢

&&£B£B9- .¦ 7&£ 3-)W7¢ £&8« +Q-c $±>¤L)r¡&¦B²$$£&¡Bµ0 / ` -c 7²7¤L£C© 9L« /

&&£B£B«R7¦R-: >$9¢99¡&«.¦ ^7Y£ IC-c £E )r)r¡&¡&²$²$£&£&µ«R` -R-c 7<«9©W9$¤$«L©W/$¦ L« /
YYg79-¦R >.¦ 97&9£9.¦¥L¦-7Y£9¤-¤¯¥L¦9&¤-9¤L-¥Y.¦R« 7&-p£93-£L¢¤L£$L]p7¦ >9-.¦ 7&£W ]9¦9¤ ;=YCBk ]$¦9¤ ; 5B

1 &£B±-² $¡&²7¡ U 9¦&0² H W¡ V .£ 7

&£B$¡Y²7¡

)W$£&F
« I$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&0² H 0/
&$¡Y²7¡ ¤L¡-¦L¢ 3$¤L¦B U 5 -p¢ W ]$¦9¤ ; YCBW ]$¦-¤ ; CB
7Y9£L¦B$£9¥ U ¡L¢W ]9¦9¤ ;F-C B
1 _ 9£-¦&$£k-¯ W¡ VR-&¤B£&7¡L¢9£$K )FW ]9¦9¤ ;F-C B /¯¦&9¢0¦&-$.¦ 76H H$£ $¡ H7,£ 76H7¦&-$£9¤ ©
1
1
&

O % P ! " (

1 7 L35- U &¡& $±Y 9£k$4H7¡L¢9£ £97¥L¡L7Y¢9¡&L£735 - L¥ ¦L¢4H$¡.7 G$¡&±-C-R W]$¦9¤ ;XB²RB

U
-¥R¥ ¤-¦L¤ I7 LI ²7L²7££¯ ]$W]$¦9¦9¤U ¤;6¤L;W ¤.¦.B 7`B
.¥ - 3 I L²7£¯W]$¦9¤;'- 3 B

.¥ - 3 9£&0 ]$¦9¤; -63 ¤L£&CB

L¥Y¥ ²$¦&--0¡&²Ì LI ²7L²$£¯£W]$W]$¦9¦9¤¤ ;X¦&;F9²$C9¡&B ²CB

Y¥L¥ ²076H$H 0¦&-I 7L²7£9£¯¤ I WL]$²7¦9£k¤W;r]$7¦9£BC¤ -;'3Q76H7B ¦&CB

&¥L¥ $¦ ¡Y²7£&9¡ 0I9-$¦.¦&7&C£ 7&£k>&$¡Y²7¡

B¥R¥ 9U¡Y¦L±97 $I99£L¦.I-7Y9£ ¦.7&£ >

R¥ ¡W]$£ £&-0I99¦.7Y£ >

39¡LS$Y£B
T&£B7¡B¢9£ -¯;6L `ª-0TFBKS-)F.Y- * $¡LW ]$¢9£¦9/¤ ;r-RB9TFS\-:C7Y\-:TS
1 94¡ ]C-¢98
YY77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ ;¸;¸ª..ª £BB &&-RR£B£B-5 -Y¦9¤°C°C¤L©r©r.¡ªª 7Y¦BC -Y¡&¡ 3 W¡ VR-&¤L£Y7¡L¢9£7

Y7¡B¢9£ ;¸.ª B &£B ªC©rª

YY77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ ;;W§W§ BB &&£B£B ®ED-#-ªC°C©f©fªª
Y7¡B¢9£ ;§WB &£B ªC©rª

YY77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ ;; E.E.BB &&£B£B EB§®$°-ªCªC©f©fªª
Y7¡B¢9£ ; E.B &£B ªC©rª
1 £&7£L-¦BC -Y¡&¡ 3 4¡ ]$£ £&9

YY ¦B¦B§§ªC°C©f©fªª RRYY77¡L¡L¢9¢9££ ;¸;Qª§4BB&&£B£B99¢9¢9£$£$ppF®$E-°-°CªC©rª?©fFª EDEL#L°-°CªC©rª©r:ª °CcC©rª ©fª

Y ¦B§-§ª ©rª Y7¡L¢-£ ;¸Qª B&£B9¢-£7p;® #-ª ©r:ª c-ª-ªC©fª ° ©rª

1 +-£B ?
&&5£B7R² 5 7RY²¦£B\I )W$_7B£&¤LF«¦77Y-@¡& -U 7£&9E.£ 7CWI-Y_¡& WV7>9£B£&L«$«79£L£p£&7¡ / 7¡L¢9£ ;¸Qª Bg¦Y$¢$¡L¢9£ R; §4B

YY&£Bµ ¦B¦B` LL-:`$$e.¦¦.7676H>H>)W7¥B¥B£&¦¦ F«U £&£&@99U£Y9YY77 ¡L¡LWI¢-¢-££_ +Q;¸;Qª-R§4`BgBge0&$/ 5`7-R²è

Y&£BF? 3L7&B¡Y²-7.£ )W$7p0£&F« UY5@L²-7²¬²>.¤ $-4`7&¦B-R0C e -Y¡Y I /

4Y3LB ²¬¦B¦&-$§ªC¦.76©fH7ª ¥L¦R4U 3L£&L-²¨&p$5¦B7R²L

²$1 9¤LL¡¡ V757¦9-R²79¤5¤L¡B-R U -:$H$¢9£¡&?« R« S&-:$5 ¢97.²¡&«µ+L¡&±$` Q- 97&££ 35-&¤L`£ T:S

U
&&£B£B7C ¡Y-6 « £)FªCp©rªg§ 7¡&L« /
4 ` 8 O! %
&
-²Y&±9£B\> ¦B7«LdW$35¢a-&)r£4¤LYB£ )F²$&50p77²LY7¡&+-«¬¡&¡&«±$L9Q7&7Y«-C£9-c ¢&£B£4/ 7c²>«-9¤B¢¡B / -R9¢9¡&« Y57².+-¡Y±$Q7&£ 435-&¤L£

Y ¦B§ªC©6§ 6²>¤L¡B -R$¢9¡&«&5 7²¬Y«C-R$¢9¡&« ^ IC-c £0E

T
1?2 £ 35-R$£k7¡L¢9,
1 c-ª S$¢-Y££B35-R7-¯£$`ªg£TFH7S--RR£. -R- 7C ¡L*-Y¢9¦9W£¤]$²7¦9`¡$¤- 9` ;r-£:-CR 39-YBW¡L¡YTJ\¯S,7-R¦-R C 77p¦ -JTFS
39¡L
YT F -RC -C -Y¦9¤ 7¡L¢9£ ²7¡7^Y7¡B¢9£ ;6L -0B c-ª
1 I$£9¤-.¤ -: U 7¡L¢9£$]0« H7£& H7£¬` -c $±>¤L¦BC -p¡&£&9¢>
39¡LS$Y£B-¯ª`TFS-.- * W]$¦9¤;r-RB9TFS\-:C7Y\-:TS
T
Y ¦B W ]9¦9¤ ;+p9¡&R² B p7¡L¢9£ ;6. -0B9£7&£B

1 £&$5¢ -R U 7¦ ¦&$¢ H7£ ` -c $±>¤L¦BC -p¡&

YY ¦B¦B¬¬WW ]$]$¦-¦-¤¤ ;+;+pp$$¡Y¡Y²RR² BB YYp9¡&]² 7¦ i¥L£Y$¢$¥Y«R-9£9¤L£7L] ]$¦9¤;+$¡&²RB

²$Y9¡L 7 ¦B¤B$W¡ V7¡&§²,°-¦9ª¤S0©rªTFk§ S 9c²-9±-L¦ 7&£ 3-¢ R7£&$¦R >¢ 990 .¦-c 77Y±>£ ¤L¦&C -Y¡& VY H7¦9¤&

U
Y7B¤B¡7J &3$£ ¤p±&96 H>9¦L¥&-7&9£3-.¦ ¢7&£
7B¤B¡7&£ Y7¦ 799.¦ 7&£
T
YkB±L
a#&;9%. I.&´K2"4+%"4:(F,G892A/5("%.F· \7"\9*I 2"4+%dm=B(<a ¯=p*&R(N#B1`#B\-·f!9=94
1$+2f/N=B(X

s¶ O % P ! " (
ov y@~HnK{c {/ IH+~

K{cTy 5KIH¸K
jA",'HL2S1$2"#Y!9%.|, 1$H;>+8$HB#&,.1$46&1$+,.2K19H^,. 2X2"!9(X#&|1$19XDT=9\9,'2":2FoR\o#B(F#Y322F2F=-,GDT=QEd#&R(o¶
#;7/A?9#2 _2X!9#B 1$4c\k=L1$#^194+R=B4c2F1$,.19=BR1S4c2"4:,'#&=L1$119=B4+2#B1$;719 =B=B2T8>;>:19|RF\i:I 2+I¯|:a<#B!91B /5O!$,'("%."52o19a=9\9 :

¶M;$?9#B2<1$"\h2F,.19%'i=92X\9!9RE4cE=L1$"2"19#B:(F4+2
2F,.DT=B1`=p*L4+,G#&1917Ho192"=&=p2A/N;7#B("\$RF2X19#&=9;9\9%., X!9s RI[\`j<#B1$dm2"\M:( 2X!9¹ "2F:,G4cDe=L1$:=B\]?9U2A2F,G*pDe#Y%G:?9=B?9,G2+NZA\$#n=BF?$R;94c%.=B:17\`\|2F=3(FR #Ys 2FFRRDS4Y89I2 jA=92A4+2F4:,G?$DT(X A
s2F=
St #B
e19=&"2X:!94&:I(Aa<2X!-("#B?$1$<"=BDT1$,G%'"_n",.#&=B2A132F#Y,GDe2F2"n:DS:¶&89¶T25"=9:4:4
4+?$2"!9(X+ I4+a<=B!$1$1$:2F4c,GDe2",'=L:1@=B?9!$2<#&*p<#&;>%.?9+R1`,G5R\9F2X=L#&?$;9;9%.,G%.":!9\@R#Y\iHLI#Ya<,G1n!92"= 19=9spt\9R":4#&#&1$1$\@\@#&¶SHB#&#Y(",G1
2"4ca<!$%.=B!9 "e\9/<,G2"(F=M,.R1$4c\$:2#B=p%.46/, 1$!@T:=&*&;$2"=B!$(X%.#&:?9(&2":,'"=L:=o1@I2"a<,.!$[!9:H&5("E,.("*&=B,GR ?91@2"#M,.,.1$1h\9H ,G³("8$:,.(FH74c=B2[I 2F4c=9=B4cI s 17=B19%9#&:,.1$ 4+\V2F2F,.=-=B#M= 1@""17:%'=p"#&2"/ 8-#B·f;92F"=!$%., =&X("!925::#B=&\)4cd 2I 1$#&a<#&17Dl!9\eE2"#YDT=E2[=B4+2F;$(",GDe:,'%.#&:`2F < H&#&sY+1St 2 I.#&Rd%'?$S2"(":"2"(X:!91$4R#Y( ,G2" ,'#&*BHB875,'#&*B(F(":=L251@?92F2F,.,GB%'1 I
³K,'H>I I t I

70 100
’win.tr’ 90 ’win.tr’
60
80
50 70
40 60
50
30 40
20 30
20
10 10
0 0
³KX4c,':HL17?$#&("(" ,'=TI /<s Ć,'2Xa! & & /<,G1$\9(F=L=p?9/¬2F,G"19, HS: 8$,.("1|=&2F#S=94+2X=&!$% ("+E19=9\9 ³KX4c,.RHB1$?$#&("(" ,.= I $/<Ć,.2"a! & /<& ,.17\9=p("/ =B?9"2", ,.+19H¨,G1|87(F#o=B2F2"=9!$4c("+=B%M1$/<=-,'\$2X!
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

&-
;>=&2X!32f/C=o#&17\`#S",.19HB%'!9=L8@8$#Y2X! &-
P N
2 N
/
F
.
% , B
H L
! F
2 .
% n
_ 6
4 $
! B
# 9
1 &
H
"
2 9
! 7
8 &
# X
( &
# T
D +
"
2 :
X
( C
&
=
d X
2 9
! F
G
, E
D $
? .
% &
# F
2 .
, B
= i
1
I
dm#&2"E8h192"=9(X#&\91$VFdmo:(<2"=V/<;7,.% `"/<2"#&,'2X("!92 ,G191]=p2"/¬!9`#Y2 ("#B2F\9,GDe,'=|`=& d5s 19,G=91$\9"2F :#Bs \@/5=Y!9dR#Y1^2 2"2F!9,GDe`n2F,G:DT¶$+IA=Ba<?$2E!9,G#Y52E/<#B,.(F%'K=L?$4+#B1$?$\]" Y|;7=B"2":!|4M19 P=989\9,GR(F R ¶MF#B=V<2"/C!$:#&%'2
<
a 9
!
B
= $
1 '
% n
_ 6
4 7
! &
# 9
1 B
H
G
, A
G
, n
1
d B
# c
4 A
2 "
2 7
! Y
# <
2 "
2 $
!
/5#&17!9\MR1V19=92X\94+8ÊB4cI=L1$a<19!9:,.4+C2F,G,.=B1Q,.%'G,.?$"2"("#B:#&(F2"2F:2"\o:DS,G1M892F³KR,.\QH7I #&2I2"9!$IK#&jA2
2 2",.2"DT,.DTM #3¹&¹2f/N2X=3!9:!9("=L[8Q19=-87R#Y\$2"C!Q¶e,G#&1$:"\h2"#&[;$#&%',G("" !$:X?\M;74c:,.2f:/C1L:2F%.:_o14c19%.=B=9"\9[o"¶=
=Y#odK\92",GjA!$(FR 24c8$252F,G#YDT4+2X=B!`h1$1946 !$Rs #B4c92"19I,'nH&=L1n1$2X=-,G!9<\$:::(""2"¶|#B,.5;9#B%.#S,1$X\"!9,.:1$M\)H&I%.#&a<("Ta !9 2"=-/<=@,G8$d1$#&#B\9( 46=pY/¬#B:8$2NF#&%., ("=B+2
XNdm+=B2"*B(!$=&#&2X%G?925!92FM4+,.=B#B4c13?$=LF1$,GRA19A:H&2"4+,.!9*&2F,.R=B1`1/<,G,G2F131$=h\9³K=p;>,'/0Hn2FDS=oI 7#Y\9I,G1LRjA2"4+#&("25:,.192"#&!9R"\^&I DT#&1$=L\De2"R!$1L2
N

4c=L1$19R4c2F,.=B13;$(X#&&::I
ov6u @J ~{+Ty l {6 5 ~ @n}T`K{:y@
"
2F= O (XF2[46!$#&19HB2"!9e(F=L?92F,G19Hn8$("=&2"=94c=&%2F= & LJ ;L_@46!$#&19HB,.1$Ho,.1@/5("%.F·f\$"\$* I 2"4+%2X!9e4+=B(X(FR"8>=B1$\$,.19HS%., 1$
4 * 8 6! 5
&£B? ]$¦-¤ ;XBR² B 2 +4G 1 9¡&±-C -R U ²$-¡B$.¡ 7&¡-¤
19=9!9\9RR1
#B8>(F:e(Fdm2F=B=-(X=`DTd,.#&1$(H`#2X/N!9M#_@F,G#&DE17?$\h%.#&2"2F!$,.:=B("1ie),G/NT19=B=`;$4+"=B:1$("*&19 R4cO 2"*&,'*-o,.2f8$_&!7I#&&":?$
(",.=Y19dNH3=B8$8>!$:(X#B#YF2F ,.=Bs 1)#BIe1$qr\ 1Qt 2"i!94c=BO 17("19":24+2F#&,.1$=B\Q1V%.;>#B+F2f2:/N)+2"R!$1
4 8 %&R =(R!* '
8 ! s
1 1
2 0 2
³K& ,' HL& ?$("¯ (F=LI t ?9´2F,Ga19H 8$^("=&,.1S2"=9#

4c=&2"!7%W(F2F:,G5DT19 =9 \9sY<t "I.4+ :t 1$"#B:(F4&,.=[#[/<F,.,G2"1-! · ³K& ,. HB& ?$(" (F=LI9?9´2F,Ga19 HM^8$(",G=&1S2"=9#[4c2X=&!$%W("7+2"<,.DT19=9S\9(5
oX"4c::4Y17Á#&("# ,'=
s /<!9,'=L2X!8

H&%.!9=B8@8$#&2"!
-
87#Y2"! -
19¶S=9#&\91$R\C¶BI #B1$\| ?7F

19=9\9 s #BC#E(F:%.#_B&/5!9R(FR#&,G1o2X!9[B("\M87!$#&"&B2"!9R(F[,.N# \9,G(FR4c2N8$#Y2X!M;7:2f/C::1M1$=-\$
8³K$!$,'HL#B?$CF("T!7 #&F2X"#&I ¹ ("s2"I "2"#&#B17(F\V2X<#Y#Y2[252F,G#&DT("=B3?71$ t\M2",.FDTR4 ,.t 2
¶$RI 1$C\$:!7i#&/5"
!9o,G46!|"2"#B:(F1$2X\7<[#Y2X25!9#&S("=B/5?7!91$=&\ %.S¹ 4c¶T=B"17:194&:I 4+jA2F,.=B2<1i2FI,GDTa<o!9,G
s 9,.IY\9¶eR2""!94:(F,G;7dm=LR?$\h(F2X,G!1

160 90
AODV, 3 nodes
140 ’win.tr’ 80
70
120
60
100
50
80
40
60
30
40 20
20 10
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
³K4c=L,'HL1$?$19("R 4c2F,.=BI ¹ 1n´)dm=B( ,G1$& \9L=pJ /¯F, +A+*B=&%G?92F,.=B1e=Yd 2"!95a ³K4+=B,.HB1$?$1$(": 4c2",'=LI 1M´)dm=L(<,G1$j\9 =p/¯& ", :N:*&=B%.?92",'=L1E=&d>2X!95a
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

' R(F#B(FF=LDT[d?7(F2X!9:(<=L;$":("*#&2F,.=B1$:´
. Q4c=B^171919:=&4+2"2FV,.=B1`2X!$/N#Y23#BC,.1R1$2"\9!9R \3&De?$&46!è:N#&2X("!9%.,'^R(+FI _9"2F:D /A#&319=B2`#&;$%'2F=¯8$("=p*L,G\9h2X!9 t 2"!08$!$#BFB["=2"!$
-
. a<!9e2"=&2X#Y%1-?$DE;>:(
=YdAa 87#&46Y:2"[2"(X#&1$Fdm:(":\V?$F,G19H &-J ,GDE?$46!V%.#B(FHB:( 2"!$#B1V,G17& & eI)qr1
&LJE ¹ ¶Ea U\$#&2"#$Z8$#B46Y+2X !$#*B ;>+:1`(FR4c:,'*B:\o\$?$(",G19H 2"!$
",.De?9%G#Y2F,.=B1)B/5!9R(FR#& ,.1 & &
-
/<=B;9,'2X2X!^#Y,G1n2"!92Xn!9,.X5#&DT,.1-Mdm=L("8$DS#B("#&#B2FDT,.=B+132FR;B("_nS2fUW_-4c8$=L,.("19(":H X87=L1$\9,G19H|2F=|2X!9`X4+(",G892/5(F%GF· \$X\9*I 2"4c%Z5,.2E,G s ¶ IQUn4+#B1

-
U 9£&² 0 -c 7²>¤L£ © 9

U 9£&² +Q 7²
U 9£&² § @ I ,5 7R²<© 9
#&1L1$?7\oDE;>2X!9::(A13=Yd4c=L2"?$!91L2F%G,G#&19"HE252X("!9:4c:1L,'*B?7:DE\n;>2":4+(N8@=Y8$d)#B%.,461$Y:::2+ I I'Z
( /N[4:#&1n;>De=L(F
8$(":4c,G"[#&17\M%.=L=LS#Y2 2X!9F .-?9:1$4+
sBs O % P ! " (
q C
d N
/ S
m
d
#&8787R#&(XC*p#B(F,.=B?$A2",.DTR+´ &
= .
% p
= ¨
/ "
2 9
! o
X
2 "
( B
# c
4 S
Y
= A
d @
# ¬87#&46Y:2+X#_|2"!$o=B19S/<,.2"!^F .-?9:1$4+o1L?7DE;>:( ¹ /Co"+S2"!7#Y2,.2
a
kk®$®$®$ªCªCªC©©©EEE #-#-#-ª-ª-ª-0ª0ªª0c0c0c0ELELELªªª ªªª @GGI0I0IGG ¥-¥-¥-¥-¥-¥-¥µ¥µ¥µ§§§°-°-°-ªªª QQQ777²²²§R§R§RªBªBª ®$®$-MªMªªM)r)r)rªªªªªª ªªª ªªª/// ©-©-©-©-©-©-©©©

3®$ªC© c§Rª-°-0ª c 6§ c E GI0G ¥-¥-¥µ§°-ª Q7²§Rª -M

3®$®$ªCªC©©cc§R§Rª-ª-0°°0EDED## 6§§6cc EE GGI0I0GG ¥-¥-¥-¥-¥µ¥µ§§°-°-ªª QQ77²²§R§Rªª -DªMª#M)c)c)c6§6§§6c-c-c-?¦?¦¦?EEE ªªª #L#L#Lª-ª-ª-ªªª/// ©-©-©-©-©-©-©©©

®$®$ªCªC©© cBcB-®-® #D#D## 00cc cc §§ G@ I0GI ¥-¥-¥-¥-¥µ¥µ§§°-°-ªª QQ77²²§R§RªªB®$D#MMª )c)c6§6§ c-c-¦¨¦¨9§9§ EE #L#Lª-ª-ªª // ©-©-©-©-©©

qf#&217,G\h FO R(X1L"252 Fd("R=B1LD 2;B2"_T!92"R!$(Fe /<a ,' 2X!hg#&#Y1hHB:#B1L\$2\9#Y,.22F,.1$=B1$=-\$#&% !9¶$RB#&2"\9!9RR(+1oI (FqfR2[4c+,G5,.*&2XR!9\S:1Q;B_T(FR2"!$4c+ ,.*&(F=LR\|?92F#&,G191$H \|8$dm("=B=&("2"/N=9#B4c("=&\9%7R=Y\@di2";B!9_@[19"=9#B\9De 5s 1$=-2F\$,.%'

O/A1$#&#&%'.=B_3;$,'2"2[#Y,G,.19[R(F\R4c;L+_Q,.*&R:\|1$#B#Y;72 :%'1$,G19=-Hh\$M2X!9Eo#Y2"2[(X2"#&!94+e,.19(FH|=L?9=&dA2F,G19#&H&HMR%.1B+2X*Ba+(X%#&#B4+1$T\@#B2"1$!$\^:1h(F=L;L?9_32FR2"("!9aT(X#&a4c BI t #YHB=&:2X!91L2+:I<(a<%.,G19!9:T #&4+;>=B=p1$*&4+:(X2"19(X#&,G194+H

2"!$ "#BDe8$#B46Y:2N/<,.% )#&8$8>:#B(A, dK/CR1$#&;9%. #Y%G"=e2X!92"(X#&4+,.19HS=&dDS#&4:a(X#&4+&I
"
G,2"a<o!7!9(FH&n=L,.?9*&"HBR,GDE1k!9=L?9,G?9%G1¯#Y2 2"³K#,'=L,'%.HL1$=B?$1$("HE/< F,'2X,G19!Î HB2"I0%'
!9à<8$!$!9"#&#Bh"De54+M=B,G1o1$871$#&/5:(X!94c#&2",GDT46,'=L!o+1 2"2":!$2"(X[(X#&X#&1$#&FDTdm:;>5("c:dm2f\¯=L/N(F=Eo#Y%.!92F,GE=B=B8nH&("::8$2"8>!9#Y:R2X#&!o(o2F:/N \B#BsY/<t ?$,.2""a!]: \ij- ,G1o&\7/5#Ye2"!9#]I,G46a<87!M!9#&19o46=9Y/<\9:2",G:1$sI\9=p(Fqf/:2n%.#!$"_B, #B::\\
4 43 * 8 ! F
-

2"!$ &8$?9#&46 &2"+=52":2"I!9 d#&4+22"!7#Y246!7#&19HB:i,G18$#Y2X!$/CR(F#*B=&,G\9:\iR2"!$:(" /N:("19=5%.=BXFR"=52"!9C/<,.17\9=p/](FRDT#&,.1$:\

2"!9!9(",.R,GHB(F8Q!iBIAI2",.'[a<DT!$=ph/C,. UW:19*&+P :R89(:\9&%G#Y:/N\^,G1$ <2""=|+2"[!$,.17 2"4+!$d("#&#&:4+2 #&25,."2NS2"!7("2":#Y!9#B25o46,.!92 /<:2X,G1$("*p#B\9#&1$=p%.r/?9dmRR(";L5_V%.:%'RX=L"1952XM!$\7?$#&#Y1192"#n,.&2cZ\$L?$,GJE(",.I-%.19=Ba<Hn19!$HB2",.!9:C(E,.N"",.,G\$17DE?94c?9[M%G2F#Y#|=e2",'\9=L2"!9,G1@(F[R2"4cd!$2#&#B4+8$1 2 #&2"&2"!7!^L#YJE2,G 2XI>!919=B2 (F=L?$2"?$!-F1$R?$\\
"+2"!$#&2 O 1$\9,G19HM#SX!9=B("2FR(N87#Y2"!@(":X?9%.2"A,G13#S;>+2"2F:( a ¯8>:(Fdm=B(XDS#&1$4+&I
"
2"(X#&,.172"!|rdmR2X("!9[e#YX2#&DT#Y%.E8$a#B=n("#B,GDT1$4++("2F:R#B("FE#&54+=B2X1$!91$e:874c2"(F,':*-*L,.,.2f=B_&?75/NFT,GDE#B\$?$\9%.#&:2F\V,.=B#&1$19:=B>2",W!9I &RI<( /5O$("P %.RF·\V\7"19\9=9*\9I T2"4+#Y%2a87[=B,.J 1L2TjµU sHL&#¶$*& spt19¶9=nZ87/5#&!946Y,G46:! 2
4 * 8 5
=B1$%'_n":("*&RN2F=M("+%G#_M8$#&46&+2":IKa<!9/<,.17\9=p/0", :+*B=&%G?92F,.=B1n,.<HB,'*B:1`,.1`³K,'H I
7I
45 60
’win.tr’
40 ’win.tr’
50
35
30 40
25
30
20
15 20
10
5 10
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
³K/<,',.HL2"!?$("t 19=9I
$\9´: ,.17\9=p/ F, +Q=Yd a =p*&R(Ma=B(X# ³K=&dK,.HBDS?$#("P ,GDEI ?$´Da/< ,.k1$\$=p=p*&/ R( j & /<,'2X!n%G#&("H& *#&%.?$
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-
4 4 8PO '!b < ' :%&
s

S

d F
( L
= D "
2 $
! M
$
1 &
#
D &
# 9
1 G
, S
D Y
# "
2 '
, L
=
1
U B
=
(
d "
( B
= D "
2 9
! o
L
= 9
? "
2 $
8 $
? 2 "
2 X
( &
# +
4 Y
<
Z "
2 9
! M
m
d &
= .
% ' p
= <
/ G
, 9
1 @
H +
B
* &
= G
% 9
? F
2 .
, B
= i
1 `
I A
j
2 "
2 9
! n
>
; c
·
H&¶p·,G1$s ·f19p,G·¸19THMU2X"!9+:("³K ,',GH> I 19=Ì'R4c¶T=B172"!$19#&:4+2 2F\9,.*L:,.X2f4+_&("I<,G;7R<!$2":!91|e4cF=L,.1$2"?$19#&R2F4c,.2F=B,.*-1@,'2f#Y_@2 "2F2",GDe#&("e2":&>9#nZXIC8$#YjA2X25!@2",.,.DT:E"2" #&t ;$IY%',G"":!$4
:\|#M?$X!9",.=B1$("Hn2FR#Y(N%.dm=B19("=9/N\9#BR("+\ ´
8$8$#&#&2"2"!@!@,G465!$#&:"1$2"H&#B:;9N%., 2"X=3!9:+\)· YŃ· ¶Y¶`· sUB·XIBH>7I;$³K?9,'2[H>I2"!9EI'B87Y#YZX2"I !h=Ydj 5(":DS#Y,G1$ ?71$46!$#&1$H&:\)INa<!9R1h#Y2 2F,GDe t&t 2X!9ej

1 1
2 3 2 3
³K2F,G,'DTHL?$ ("& I'R¶$´¯a =p*&:(@a=B(X#/<,.2"! t 19=9\9R+ K³"2 ,.,.DTHB?$E(" ¹ I.&B´ a =p*&R(@a=L("#k/<,'2X! t 1$=-\$::

!
dqra<#&1h!9(,G2XdmN!9=LT,.(<(F \$RP 4c?$#&R[DS892"2F89=e,.=B%.:2X1T[!9=B

2"(K!$d#&#&/52[4c!$2A/N:2X1ee!$2"#Y4+!92N=BR1$/C(F"<,G\9/A?$:#&"("::\`\i# 2"("!9%.=B=B?9XF2"\9RA+ d46#&!7=9?9#&4+%.4:192A?$HB*(X&#&(F&R%.#B?$\@1$[+\T=&,.2"d2"!9!92"RR!$([(F
A/5DS/N!$# ::P("1hA,GDE2X1$!9?$=
TD%.=BH&X/<+"=B,.:HB1$(X\$\$#&=p8$?9/<!$,.F2"4:,= #Y+%
;$(X?D=Y#&dK19:aHB( =pk/A*B:#&=&(F5b7d =p2"s =-/¶7= II
4 *8( *8( (+$89;%
³K2"a<!$,'!-H>=B?$"I <E2X2"I !9!7E#Y/C2

#&E4+/C2"87R?$(F(F#&RT%)FR?$/<1BF,G2R1$\h2"\9!9=p2" /=n/<=B2",G;$!$1$2"#&\9#Y25=p,G1|,./µ[³K?$",.,"H7::I \3=p,.*9I ?92"%'!9;$2",'e?$=L2[1@De/<,G=Y19,.d2",G!DEa ?$ #nDlDS?$;># P"+,.2f,G1$/NDEHn+?$:j Dl13 2X/<& !9,GE1$\94c?$=p=L/¨1719\9H&R":,F( :2"e2",'=L!9=&13Td /<"s #B¶B,.De1$¶&\$¶$ =pI[4+/ =BQ1$#Bo\$1$,'\"2"+,'=Lse1$¶$2"IC!$qr#&#B1 2

-
/N
=L;92"#&,.1@#&%."=e%.=BX":A\$?92"=o=p*&:(Fb7=p/I
ov {:yT5 5~}N{cTy l{6 G J@ M}<% H

$! "
qr,G1-1b>2"?9!$R 1$8$4c("R+\|*-,'2"=L!9?$e)87":R4+(rdm2F=L=&(",G1$DSi#&/N174c4+=B=Y1$d "a,.\$ :(":I7\
#5!9"DS:1|#&%'2X&!91-:?$("DeE;7#B(FR ()=&#od9%GDT#&("=LH&;9 ,'%.1-:?$:De#&;71$R\(5X=&#dK/2"!$:(X=pDT/,.DT1$#&=B%.;$:>,'%.1$,'2f+_/µ8$!98$R#&19("2F=B,GDT4+?$R%.1$#B# (
? = ;*87&$@,
8$a!9=SR?7191$=B\9DT:R(X1$"2"# #&\$17?$\`C2X2"!9= ,GA2"!$,.1L 2FhR("j#B4c]2",'=L#&1n1$\ /N87 !BO _9(""",.254:#Y\9%LR%."#4:_B(F:,G(X;7DS"=B#DT_!$##&*&XN87#R4c4+2X("A,.2F=Y,G4+dK#Y2"%L!9,G1-b>=L?987RR1$("#&4c2FN,.=B=B1M1 =&a d 2X!987MqR
(rdm=L("DSB¶#Bs1$I.4c&B I
hjC#B%.46#!
_B2":(X(A#&#&1$17XDT\n,.=&XdF,.2X=B!91 =&8$d$!L# _9& F,Gj4+#&a% jk%G#87_&#&R(+46YI :2)#Y22"!9 hj Q%':*&:%B,G8$#B(F2=Yd$#<dm=L?$(F·W/A#_[!$#B1$\$X!$#&&8$("=&2F=94+=&%WI
a<8$#B!946Y+DT2:=BI;9q d,.%'
2"!92"
!7#Y\92N:"/<2F,G,.1$X!9#Y2":,'C=L2F1M=SDT":=B1$;9\M,.% &#TL8$/5#B!946,.Y46+!M2:/CB/5
!$4+,.#Y46%.!n/C
s -4+4+#Y#B%. 1M](FR&4c :O ,'*B(X5F2A2""!9:
1$8$\$#&N46#&&1n+2:JBa,.2C@":U1$J \7/ C.-#?9:N"2Na 2F3=SU9-C:%.1$:\#B(Z

2Fj =h L R1$8$\#BZ 46Y8$:#B2c46Z"YIK+³K2:I,G1$q #Yd %.']_B o("s :4+F+R,.1$*&:\$[A2"#n!$U hNj a ¯|%G,'#2_&4:R#&(cZK1Qj 2"!9 R 1Q""=E:1$2"\V!7#Y2"2 !9] & jL1$a=pj/5C8$#B2X46!$Y#Y+2N2e2"!$UBI H>\7Ie#Y2"a #T 8$¬#B46\$Y#Y+2X2A#n!$=L#B(

;>+:13a<!9/N,G+ %.)!$#B(FR1$4c\$:X,'!$*B:#&\i&EI 8$("=&2"=-4+=&%),G[,.1L2FR1$\9R\|2F=3(FR\$?$4cE2"!9T4c=&%. ,.",'=L1|8$("=B;$#B;9,'%., 2f_&I C=&%. ,.",'=L1$ DS#_3=94+4+?7(

;
";>,.e1$4+=L ?92#o=&DTd =B(";9#B,.19%'BH&> X2"#=`_ "h:1$7"7 DS2X!9#_ne2X/<(",G#B"1$!3XDe2F=M,GX"F:,.17=B13\|d#T("=B87D #&46Y]:2<&i2F="=n#ns 4+#&=&2<%.',G2""!9,'=Le1@"#B=YDed ]2" ,.DT[E#&1$#B\ ]h [\9=-87:#&/ 46L YV:2"o[DTDT##__
G
=94+4:?$(#Y2 s Ia<!$,.87!9:19=LDT:19=L1e,G4:#Y%.'R\E2X!9 $&!$,.\$\$:1T2FR("DT,G1$#Y%787!9:19=LDT:19=L;1 $$I,'2X!S2"!95!$#B1$\$X!$#&&

D
sYt O % P ! " (
8$]("=&B2"I =-4+=&%W h`/<,'%.19=&2#&2F2FRDS8922F=|":1$\Q#&1L_h8$#&46&+2

/5!9:1Q,.2 !9:#B("[2"!9 Na V8$#B46Y+2
FR1L2;L_ s 2"=

#Y"+2"*&2FRRq DT1hd#o8$2"2",.FDT[R:1$=YEd\9R"#&(:1$1$]\\9,G!$E19#&H3\9=-#&19R1|5=B2J19=&!9a 2[: #B(FI("R\j 4c+7#,."*&:N17\9a# :hN([a("\$:(F`89=L%.8$8$_|5#Bd462X("Y!9=B:%D2<& 2"2X!9j!9RMa1@j(F,'R2

4c8$\9:#B,', *B46Y::+(:(X2Ie<, ,.j d2" ,.2
& 2"(Xj!7#&#&a1$ jXDT(":8$,."X#&:F461L,.&=B2[+132"2
!9#&,.e17\|JK#&a%.DT"=3|#BY\7DeR(F<R=L"8$%.X#&87#Y2FRHBR\ (

#pdm2":j5(N%.dm2"=L!$?$=B(<?9(FHL:!Q2"(X2X#&!91$nXDT!$#B,.X1$"\$,'=LX1$!$N#&&/<M,'2X(F!9R=B\$?9?$254+:(":4+2X+!9*Bn+,G198$HT("=B#3;$#BU ;9h,.%'j,.2f_h=Y%G#d _&$BR!9(cZ,.\7j\9 :1ô2"I :(XDe,G1$#&% $|4+=&%.',GF,.=B17+,'2E\$=LR 19=B2

+H&%.:=&,.DTHL(",G#B1$8$#Y!92"e,G4+2X#Y!9%C:("D3#B19IH&aM=3=&d5?$1$,.1L\92"R:("(F"dm2":#B("1$:\h1$4+!9`=p#&/¨17\gX?$(F46R!h4cR4+89=&2F%.',.,G=B"1i=&I,G1$ NDS?$(X#(F_@R1L=92E4+!$4+?7#&(+(X\9/A/N#&e("XM!9"=B8>?9:%G\|4+, O 2X:#&TYe2"!$,.1L#&2"2E=`2X#&("#B4:1$4c=L"DT?$1L,G2""2",.=B!$1

(X&#&&19¶&HBD3nI ,GTC#&=L=B1$;$F?$,G\92 R(es Y2X¶&!9Dz|46#B!$1$#Y\g,G1k2X!92F|=B8>4+=&#&%.(X=&("HB,'_^R(e,.1k":1$³K",',GHL19?$HQ(F (X#&19I.HB s`#B/5e!9/NR+(F@%.<2"#&!$T@2"!$\$`,."2",G#B1L1$2F:4c(F@dm:;7("::2f17/C4c@::("1 #B1919H&=-3:S#&(",G`s#&¶&;>¶B=BD3?$2 I
j5!9=L%.2"8$!$S=B#&?98$HL#B!g(F2T19=9#&\9("&:E#&2"!$17#&\2eDS#B(F#M_]2f4+/N(":=V#Y!92"`=L8$4+E=&%.#B',G8$F,.#&=B("172E+#BI^(Fnqr1$1$\9=&:2E:\i!9 ,G\$, d\9R191]=9\9d(" =BD t :#B/<46,G!^"!9=&R2"T!$:2F=^(:KF1$R=-1$\$\:e#2"8$!$#&#&462e&+#&2e("o2F= 2"!7Q(F:

=Y\$&d&?$¶&("2X,GD!919 Ho#s /A#EY#¶B2X_T("D#Bd1$(Fdm"=L=BDTD( ,GH&"]=-",.=9=B&\h1oI("a<d:("!9=B4cRRD (F89+2F19dm,.=B=B=9("1)\9 I< qf]2[t 4+DS#B2F1$=#19_o=B,G2[19s !9,.92FR,.,G2<#Y#&2F( 4+#B]1$2X("19 #B=&[1$2<"JDT!9a R,G#&"3"(N,.=B=B2"(!$1M & 2"=NjaaVjSed8$2"("!$=B#B#&D462NY+/<1$2[=-,.F% \$,G1$4c4c=BE%'.s,,'\$2["
,.,G
1$#&4c2ADT1$=B,.=-("2N\$,GA2"!$=B#B?$1s 2

/<=B1S,.2"a!@ 2"(X]#&178>":DT(Fdm,G=B"(X"DT,'=L#B1$1$N4cd<("=B?$D ",G19]H&1$ICQ",.DeE?9X!$%.#&#&2F%',.=B"1$2":?7&\9("_`:",G2"1@(",.4+2"2F!$,G,.19HL2F:=4+2F2X,.!9=B51@462"!$!$#Y ,G1e,.DS2F=B8$8>#B=&4c%.25=&HB=&_&dI2X!9Q,G552fX_9!$87#&R%'$519=&=BdK24+4c=&=L%.'1$,GFF,.,G=B\917R(

DT=B;9,.% ,'2f_n#B"8>:4+2"5!$:("&IKQ ("cdmR(A2F= $) $ dm=B(<DT=B("\9+2X#Y,.% :I
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5
TCP TCP
K³ ,.HB?$(" I. s á<!946!$#&,.1`2F=L87=B%'=BH&_

SOURCE DESTINATION

<
a 9
! E
7
8 9
! :
9
1 L
= T
D :
9
1 L
= @
1 "
2 $
! &
# 2 N
/ NF?$"2[\9R"4:(F,G;7R\@%',GDT,'2X 2X!9e1-?$De;7R(5=&d 8$#&46&+2"52"!$#&2[4+#B1|;7TF,GDE?$%'2X#&19+·
=B2"!$?7SF%._eDS2X#&(",.#B1h1$dX#&De4c2",.2F=B2"([:\n%',GDT,.1M,'2"#B2F1M,G19H@#&\92"· !9!9o=9458>1$:(F+dm2f=B/N(X=BDS(X#&E1$/<4+E,.2"!9=YdN=L?9a2C 4+0=&%.',G,G1Q",'=LX1$?$+46IK!|a<R!91L,G*LC,G("X=B8$1$#&DT2F,G#Y:1L%24c=B#&171$F\Q2X("19#&,.=&1L22;$2X?D?$("17:(=L=p?9*B2:(F2"b7=e=p;>/ I
qf=Y25d ,Ga X!9 =p/52F=n13#B,.(F1 =L?$ 1$ \6 2X( !$F #Yt 2<L7dmd=L?7(<(F2X=B!9?7:(5( 46,.!$1$#Y4:(F,G1@R#&2F"=L87,.=B1h%'=B2"H&!9_BT$DT,'2 # ,.P[,.;7DeR?$19Dl O 2"/<,.#&,.1$%\$2"=p=M/¬%',GDT", +,'2[E2"4:!9#&e?$"DT:[# P De,.De=L(F?$eD 4c=&/<%. ,G,.1$",'\9=L=p1$/¬5#B",1$:\

#h|=L\9(F::2F=pR*&(F,.:=B(:(X-#YF2",G,'1$=L4c1Q=&2Xd5!9 2"!91-`?$DE2"!$;>(":=B(A?$HB=&!$d8$"?$,.De2+Ih?9%'qr2X1]#&192X:!9=B,G?$e<"87:4+#&2F46,.Y=B:1^2"N/N2"`!7#YX2<!$#Y4+%.#BC1`46!9;>R462"V(X#&2X1$!9X,GeDT#B,'2""2F"R:\`(XF,G,.A=B1%., DT;L_],.2F2FFR,G\iDE$?9/N%G#Y2",'"=L!$1$#&:%'I

2"2F=M("_@",G2FDE=3?9,.DS%G#Y2"8$ ("=p\9*&+e%G#a _&R \` j2" !7(F =L<?9HB/<!$,.872"!?92[;L3 _|s\9I:4:(FR #&"X,.!$1$#YHM%.i2"d!9?$S("2"j !9 R(5 X!9b7=p=p/ /5:!$i=p?$/ F,G2F19=`H3!$\9#&+1$%G#\$_&%'R\|2X!9j E 4+o#BFI 1$=&d#&%'.=p/5s ;L?$_
DS#&L,G19Ho46!$#&19HB[,G1@1$5",.De?9%G#Y2F=L(+I
# ! "
\9,G(F3R4c?$2"",'n=L1$2X#Y!9%)@#B1BF2X2"#&:1$1$\$17#B#T("DT\^=92f/N\9:=Y%)·f(X=Y#d_V1$HB:I("=BQ?71$ \g?7F8$("=B2X8$!9#& HBj#&2F ,.=B& 1^¨DT("=-=B\$?9+2",.%W19Ho2"!9#&3%'HBqM=B
B ¶ s .
I &
h [#&17\g#&1]=LDS19, ·
j
43 )%:<(E7 ? 9 P,D% P$ ? :<*
=Yd eY2"¶:"#Y2F2o:\hR#&dm46=B! ?$(

19X=94c\9:|17#&(",'=L|+2F´5:7"2F R\ s ¶M2"!9#& 1$\V[+&/<¶nJ51$R=-19\$=]::*&IRa<(""!$,'=LT1g4:#&=&"d
:5a =& dCn#B/51$("!9,'\ 2X,G!$46!kD319,.$o=9#&\9132X:!9,.h1L("2"DT/:.-(F=Bd?9#&",G2M4c(FR\9\^.-:?98$RR%'&=p?9¶n_B:"\g%':R4E19=LH&8>192X:&! ( I

M
"a ,.De ?9%.#&\$2F#Y,.=B2X#S1^8$U2F#&=n46&=L+;92N2",.#&<,.1|2X#&"&2":#&1M2F,.2"=B=M1$#B;7(F_@=&;>d:"!$, :#S*-,.:=B¶ (+tZ"I5¶ea<;L_-!92FeR=&2"U!$,G1$:(4c%G?$4:#&\9",G:195Ho("2X/!9.-?9,G!9("::#B\^\9:R(+&Z"¶&I¶oa<"!9:48>X4+:("(

,.8$"2C,.Dedm=L?9(A%.#&2"2F!9,.=B 1i4:I[#&"j

=Y?$dN"\92"+!9%G#_&=LR\h892Fj,.=B 1 $&DSU/<#B4+,.2"a! ("#B'34c s ZA$S,.

,.1`HB,'=B*B(X:\91|R(A,G1V2F=oa#&!$;9#%.*& \9I :s 2"I #&,'A%.:+\`%.=p2"/(X#& 4+/5,.19!$HS:1V=&d 4+=Bh1 jO HB ?$("8$,.("1$=&Hn2F=92"4+!$=&T%GN1987=9#&\946RY
:/C2":TI"a<!$!9#&,.%'

/<,.%'#&%'.=p/ ?$52F=o#&1$#&%'_9"2"!9 (":#BF=L1M=Yd:#B46!à 8$#B46Y+2A%.=BXN2"!$#&2<=-4:4+?$(X:I@

4 4 8PO '!b < ' :%&
s
1?2 35-
?] &&£B£B £ $$¦-¦-R$¤¤£;';F²$76¡&H79²9¦Y¡YCR²R-YBB ¡Y _ H7¦&L7£9¤ -p9£9¤L£$- _ H$¦Y-9£9¤
9
&
¡ $
² ¦ B
¦ p &
¡

L $
« ¡ 9 ¦ 9
p
¡ -
± $
¢ 1 76H$¦&-7£9¤g L²7£
1 9¦B¢5-Y¡9¥Y²99¡&²7¦ U ¦BC-p¡Y^ ¡L¢9£9¤

?]
&&£B£B $$¦-¦-¤¤;F; 7£B¦.570-B 35B

A$¦.7 #-ª0E §L§

U
-p9£9¤B£7- H
C - W I 4 G
1 7£&L«7¡Le8-R9$£L39¦.7&£k L²7£
Y±7£&±$£ 2 9¡Y²Ì$¦Q-&¤ 5- p±7£p±7£ 111 A0¤.-R-@-:`$_ e£L0L¤L39²7¦¦L$£7&£L£ ¯ ±7 L£Y²7±7££ L²7£
?] H
?]
?] &&£B£B $$¦-¦-¤¤ ;;6¤-- 3.¤ B B

?]
?] &&£B£B $$¦-¦-¤¤;¸; ¦&- 93 5 ¤LB £&RB @L9$£Y-7¦ 7R-6@L-$£Y-$¦
-
° ª

1 ¦&-$£&-7¦ ¡L¢9£9¤

1 ¦WY²$¦.7 e$£B\-: - 3
?]
?] &&£B£B $$¦-¦-¤¤ ;F;X-BR²R BB
@ W20^

1 -±Y .V7£L¡3k ¡WVC-&¤L£&7¡B¢9£7
1 9¡Y±9C-R U ²$9¡B$¡L7&¡9¤
?]
&&£B£B $$¦-¦-¤¤ ;=; YCCBB E0E-ª-ª

Q-c £&0-Y¡& ¡3$¡&²$¡ U 9¦&²H

¢
&£B $¦-¤ ;+p$¡YR² B§°-ª 1 C°--c ª-ª£¡3µ`-c $±>1¤L¦BC-p¢Q¡&-c £&£&9¢0-Y¡& ¡3$¡&²$¡ U 9¦&²H
?] 1
?]
?]
&&£B£B9- .¦ 7&£ 3-)W7¢ £&8« +Q-c $±>¤L)r¡&¦B²$$£&¡Bµ0/ `-c 7²7¤L£C© 9«L/

&£B«R-:$¢9¡&« ^ IC-c £E )r¡&²$£&«R-R<©W9 «L/
Y9-.¦ 7&£9¥L¦-¤-¤¯&9-.¦ 7&£ 3-¢
1 &£B±-² $¡&²7¡ U 9¦&0² H W¡ V .£ 7
&£B$¡Y²7¡
)W$£&F « I$¡&²7¡ U 9¦&0² H 0/
&$¡Y²7¡ ¤L¡-¦L¢ 3$¤L¦B U 5 -p¢ W ]$¦9¤ ; YCBW ]$¦-¤ ; CB
7Y9£L¦B$£9¥ U ¡L¢W ]9¦9¤ ;F-C B
1 _ 9£-¦&$£k-¯ W¡ VR-&¤B£&7¡L¢9£$K )FW ]9¦9¤ ;F-C B /¯¦&9¢0¦&-$.¦ 76H H$£ $¡H7£,76H7¦&-$£9¤ ©

1
1
1 7&¡&L 35- U ±$9£k4 H7£ 7¡L¢9£7
¥-¥R ¤L.¦W¤ I7 LI ²7L²$£¯Y£W ]$W]$¦9$¦9¤ ¡L¤ ;¸¢9¤-; £9.¤ ¥L.¦B 7Y7`¡&B L35- U ¥L¦L¢4H$¡.7 G$¡&±-C-R U W]$¦9¤ ;XB²RB

¥..¥ -6-633 I9£L&²$ £W ]$W]$¦9¦9¤ ¤ ;'-; 3- 3 ¤L£YB R B

¥L¥Y²9¦Y990¡&²Ì LI ²$B²7££¯W ]$W]9¦9¦9¤ ¤;¸¦&;F²$9C-¡&B ²RB

¥YL¥ ²7[H7H 0¦&-I 7L²$£-£W¤ I WL]$²7¦9£k¤ W ;F]$7¦-£BC¤ -6;'3576H7B ¦YR B

¥&¥L9¦ ¡&²7£&9¡ 0 I-9p$.¦ ¦&7&C£ 7Y£ > &9¡&²7¡

¥B¥R -U¡&¦.±97 $I99£L4¦LI97&9£ .¦ 7&>£ >
¥R 4¡ ]$£ £Y90 I99L¦ 7&£
39¡L
T&£B 7S$¡BY¢9£B£ -¯;6L `ª-0TFBKS-)F.Y- * $¡LW ]$¢9£¦9/¤ ;r-R B9TFS\-:C 7Y\ -:TS

s&¹
O % P ! " (

1 9¡4]C-¢9£8-RR-5-Y¦9¤¤L¡.7Y¦BC-Y¡&¡3 ¡WVR-&¤L£Y7¡L¢9£7
39¡LS$Y£B
YY77¡B¡B¢9¢9££ ;6;6LL -0-0-¯BkBk`ª&&£&£&TF S-. - E-* )r£4°-YBWª ²$]$©r¦9ª ¤ ;6;r-.R- BWTJ§4B S,E--RªLCªC7p©rª/ -JTFS
YT 7¡B¢9£ ;6L -0Bk&£& ªC©rª

1 +-£B ?
&&5£B7R² 57RY²¦£B\ I )W$_7B£&¤L«F¦77Y-@¡& -U 7£&9E.£ 7CWI-Y_¡& WV7>9£B£&L«$«79£L£p£&7¡/ 7¡L¢9£ ;¸Qª Bg¦Y$¢$¡L¢9£ ; #QB

&5 7R² Y£B R« -R$¢-¡&« E-ª-ªLª

@ U £Y9 WI _ +Q-Rè 2 £-¤ @576e&£B-R99£L]$¦9¤ §ª-ª )
YY&£Bµ ¦B¦B` LL-:`$$e.¦¦.7676H>H>)W7¥B¥B£&¦¦ F«U £&£&@99U£Y9YY77 ¡L¡LWI¢-¢-££_ +Q;¸;FQª#Q-R`BgBge &$5`2 7-R£9²`¤ e@576e`/

Y&£BF? 3L7&B¡Y²-7.£ )W$7p0£&F« UY5@L²-7²¬²>.¤ $-4`7&¦B-R0C e -Y¡Y I /

4Y3LB ²¬¦B¦&-$§¦.©rª76H7¥LW¦ 3LU L£&²¨-p$&5¦LB7R²

²$1 9¤LL¡¡ V757¦9-R²79¤5¤L¡B-R U -:$H$¢9£¡&?« R« S&-:$5 ¢97.²¡&«µ+L¡&±$` Q- 97&££ 35-&¤L`£ T:S

U
&&£B£B7C ¡Y-6 « £)FªCp©cg§ 7¡&L« /
²-Y&±9£B\> ¦B7«LdW $35¢a-&)r4£¤LYB£ )F²$&50p77²LY7¡&+-«¬¡&¡&«±$L9Q7&7Y«-C£9-c ¢&£B4£ / 7c²>«-9¤B¢¡B / -R9¢9¡&« Y5 7.² +-¡Y±$Q 7&£ 435-&¤L£

Y ¦B§©c§ c²7¤L¡B -:$¢9¡&«&57²¬Y«R-:$¢9¡&« ^ IC-c £E

T
9¡L$ £9$Y¤-¤.Y£B-:¦BU -¯7ª`¡LW]9¢9TF¦9£$S-¤].;+0« -pH79£&*¡&²RWB ]$H7¦9£¬p¤7;r-¡L`R¢9-c $£B9±>TF¤L;6¦B.S\C-0-pB¡&-:C9£77Y£&\&9£B¢>-: TS

1 I
3 S

T
YY ¦B¦B¬dW)r]$£4YB¦-²$¤0;+pW$]$¡Y²R¦9¤B ;cpY$p9¡&²R¡&² B 9ªC©c§[/ 6²-±9 :£&$¢¬`-c 7±7¤L¦BC-Y¡Y QY H7¦-¤&

²$9¡L7 ¤B$¡WV7¡&²,¦9¤S0TFkS 99¦L7&£3-¢
U
Y7B¤B¡7J &3$£ ¤p±&96 H>9L¦¥&-7&9£ 3-.¦ ¢7&£
T
YkB±L
a#B;9%. I s ´K2"4+%)"4:(F,G892<2"4:8L/ &eI 2"4+%idm=B(<a ¯=p*&R(A#T"2"#&2F,G4#&\-·f!9=9419+2f/N=B(XS/<,.2"!@#S46!$#Y,G1n2"=B8>=&%.=&HB_

4 4 8PO '!b < ' :%&
s '
# " #
?$(K",.De?9%.#&2F,.=B1T(FR"?$%'2Xdm=B(>( 3 s ¶
#&1$\T&¶
19=9\9R#&("NX?$DSDS#&(", ::\ ,G1Sa#B;9%.: I.:Y· I'9(FR"8>:4+2F,.*&:%'_BI
:<( 7 ? 9;:*8$ ;P%7 9;%

13
standard TCP standard TCP
16 DelAck d=2 12 DelAck d=2
DelAck d=3 DelAck d=3
DelAck d=4 DelAck d=4
11
14
10
12 9
8
10
7
8 6
³K#&<,'HL#e?$("d?$ 174cI'2FR,.$=B´K13a<=&!$d(F2X=L!9?9 HBDS!78$# ?9P 2N,.De,.13?$D8$L2/<Y,GF1$R\945=pdm/ =L(IF(, + 3 ³K#B<,.HB#T?$("d?$1$4cI.2",'t =Lí13a<=Y!$d(F2X=L!9?9 HB!7DS8$# ?9P 2i,GDE,G1 ?$8$D L2 /<YF,.R1$4\$dm=p=B/0(+( ", :3 s ¶
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

11
standard TCP
DelAck d=2
10 DelAck d=3
DelAck d=4
9
K³ ,.HB?$(" I.R$á<!$("=B?$HB!$8$?$2N,G1@8$L2 YFR4 dm=L( ( 3 &¶T#&<#ed?$174c2F,.=B1@=&d2X!9 DS# P ,.De?$D/<,G1$\9=p/ F, +

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

U:_B¶ +MZ2AK/< 2X,.!92"F!3:

F#&2X192X#&!$=B1$#Y2"\7!92<#&R2X(X(C!9\n*pa#&"%.2" ?9#&
17=Y\$dmdK#&=B(XDS( \ ( # &
P 3,.+De%GB#?$_&¶$DRI\`j0/<j[,Gd1$46?$M\9(F2X=p=B!9/ 8$:(A2F",., =B,G+DS1QYZK8$U ("dm83=L=p*&(I:( DTs Z3 R1B"%'2N,.$HB,G!LA#&2"1$=B%'\`_M;92X%G=L#Y#&?9,G("192"H&8>:+\3:%._S(F;Ldm=B=B_M?9(XDS2"2X!987AR2"(r&
dm!9=L +("%GDS"#2"_&
#BR1$\ÙDT\$j[#B=L("46(F\3o
a2"/<!$ ,'#B2X !1

3 gUmdm=L(e;>=&2X! ( 3 #BE/N+%.C#B2 ( 3 s ¶9Z"I A?$2E2"!$3DT=B"2 ,GDS87=L(F2X#&1L2E,GDS8$(F=p*B:DT:1L2 2X!$#Y2e/C`F:

,G=Yd<2"DT!$#&=B2("S#Y2"%.!$#B\91k+%G#R_&¶$R)\V/<j ,.2" ! 2X!9*Bo:(X=BF89,.=B2",'17=L[1$#B(F=YSd ;7J3:2F2":(@2X=L!$( #&1Q32"!9Mt "=B2"?9#B2X1$87\$R#B(r("dm\Q=L("aDT ,G190H@dm2"=L!9(MDS"2"# #BP 1$,.\$De#&?$(XD\\9/<+,G%G1$#_&\9R=p\Q/jF, +R

=B=YdK8$2F,GDT,.=B1i87(FI`=p*B³7:=BDT9( :( 1L2N3 =p*&:(A2""!92" #B1$&

\$+#&%G(X#\3_&Ra \^ j k dm =L(<*B#&:1L(X_nF,.=BDS1Q# P/<,G,'DE2X! ?$D 3/<,.17@\9,.=pe/0F:":, :1:A2F=|%G#&_-("H&,.+R%G(C\]2X;7!$:#&2f1/CR:;¶:1]L-,.13&¶ 2Xl2!$#YF25= (X#&t 19¶ HB

,.*&2ER("#Y"%G,.F=B=@1 =L83?92"8>:t (Fdm87=BR(X(rDSdm=L ("DSF2XA#&1$:\7*&#&:1@(X\;>a+2" 2F:¨(5dm;L=B_ ( s( ¶ 3 ·fs &¶T¶ dm=L(<dm=BDT( # ( P ,.3De?$s D ¶@/<#&1$,G1$\]\9;L=p_/5<¹ ?;>+2f/N+s R¶ 1d:m¶S=B(2F= (s 93I Bj[¶$1@I`+a<*B!$:1

;&
>++2F%G2"#:_&(A:\38>:j (Fdm46=BM(XDT=B89#B2"1$,'4c=L[1$+=Y$d#B\$A+%G/C#_&:X\n!$#Yj %. " +4+%G#B#Y1n2FR;>(+[I =L;92"#&,.19R\n;L_o=B8$2F,GDe, +,G19HT=p*&R(2"!$[2",.DT:(A\$?7("#&2F,.=B1M=&d2"!$
qr/<1@,G1$8$\9(X=p+#&/24c2"2",.!9"4+,N&:-`De/5=L2"!9=FR21`#,.DS/NX8>DT=B#&\9("%'2"=oA#&1L*p19#Y2=&%G2<4+?9=BB-1$C194+=p"%.?7/0,.1$F4+,.2"=B`!91[ 2Xd!9("1-,G=B?$oD0De4c;7=B2"!9?$R(A%.\k4:=Y?$d\9("1$+*&2"=-::\$)(":,',.=L:("$2"#&!92"2F!9NnR(F(F2X=L!9;$@,G?$<"2"192"!$19=o("R=B(F"?$RiHB#&=&!$"d9=B8$2"1n?$!92T 2F=S&

4+=B%'+,G1$DT%G#"_&,.,'2<\$R:\2X(X!9#&j ;946%.DS[_&I]#=BP89,G2"DE,'=L!9?$1$RD :1 I
46!9=-=B",G19H|%.#B(FHBnDS# P ,GDE?$D /<,.17\9=p/K2"!9@\9+%G#_&R\^j *&:(X",'=L1$ 4c=L1$",.\9R("#B;9%._V=B?$2"8>:(Fdm=B(XD "2"#B1$\$#&(X\

s
O % P ! " (
a1-?$ DE;>I$:a<(A!9=&:dK_`1$#&=-46\$!$:,'<:*&#&17\3#Y%GDe4+=B=L?9F%G2A\32X46!9!9=-=B=B89"
2",.#BDS4+#&4c%i=L("*\$#&,.%.19?$HB%'_o2"!$2X#&!92< 2"DS!9 # P"2",GDE#B1$?$\$D #&(X/<\n,.a1$\$ =p/4+I =B?9%G\@#&46!9,.+*B[,'d,.25-19+/ 2"!$
2"a !$ N³7"2"=L8$#B(51$#B# 46\$Y#&O$:(XP 2"\ :K\|a 2F=E XDS%'R"#Y*& %.R2"(""!$", #B,':=L1 1=Y7Fd-,G1$DS/54+!9N# ,GP DT46,.!oDe=BDT"?$2D :=&#&d717/<2"!$,.1$2"N!$\$2"#&=p,.DT/2 2XB"!9p, :2"&!9\9>A:2"%./<!9#_B,G1$:&
\9\S=p+j /g%G# _&"¬,R:\@C=Bj%.89, DT2"46,'M=L,.2"1o=L89!$2"2F!$#&,.N=B1|1-2"=?$\$De/A=LR;7#Y5,.R2 (19?$=&=B1Ld7252F2"=B,.(X%>?9#&2X2X17!987"5DTR(r2",.dm,.2F=LDT2F("R:D \ (

2"U=&(X#&do17:"¶&DT¶BP ,.DS2+2A&M87/N#&;L546_kY89:%.\9=&2":+2Id2X#&!9?9<%.2c/<ZT,G1$P \989=p,G/¯(FRFM, +;7<+:dm=B*&("=&|%G?9H&2",'R=L191E:(Xdm#Y=L2"( ,.19( Hg3 #B1¯dmj=B( F 2X#&LC1$\$\$?$#B("(",G\T19H]a 2"!$g#&2M#&172F\T,GDTdm=BV(2Xa !9 V]"=B/<?$,.(X2"4c!oh\94::#&%.1$#_B19:=B\ 2
j l=B892",'=L1Q/<,.2"! 3$I3a<!9M/<,G1$\9=p/F, +M,G X#&DS89%.:\+*B:("_V¶$I.M":4YInQn"+o2X!$#Y2e#Y%.2"!9=L?9HB!2"!$

14 10
simple TCP DelAck d=3
12 9
8
10
7
8 6
6 5
4
4
3
2 2
0 1
³K\$#B,'HL("?$\3("a I'¯ ¹ /<´[,'2X!3,.DS1$\$# =pP / ,GDE"?7, :DT/<:*&,G=B1$%.\9?9=p2"/ ,'=L1h=&d dm=Ls (¶&¶&F¶ 2X#&1-· ³K&
,.+HB%G?$j ("46 oaI. ´ /<,'2X! ,G1$\93 =p/$L/<F,., 2"+!3zDT:# *&P =&,.%GDe?92"?$,'=LD1 /<dm,.=L1-(·
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

\9=p/0=Yd s ¶B¶&¶
DS"+#NP 2",G!$DE#&?$2Dd("=B/<D¬,G1$2X\9!9=p /O HB"?7, :(F R,G 2X!$s ¶&#Y¶B2K¶$,G1e&2X"!92"[#B1$#B\$4c#B2X?$("\ #Y%a4c =L19H&pR%.F=B2"X,'"=L:1S/<#&(",.N1$\$DT=p=B/("C\9d=-(F: A.L?$19:=&1L2C2 #BP 1$4c\E::DT\o=L2X(F!9A
F*:#&*&%.R?$(F [=YU("d:RX$?9IK%'2",.1$H

,G1`2"qr,.DT13:³K=B,'?9HL2X?$c(FZ /5!9I' R
E(FR/N#&N2"8$!$(":"83:1L2A2"T!9*B::(X*&F,.=&=B%G1n?92"=Y,'=Ld1n\9+=&%Gd#_&2X!9R\n 4cj=L 19H& RF\92"=-,'=L:1M</<19=B,G1$2N\9HB=p,'*B/¬F(F, ,G+F
dm2"=B=T(<2"",.2"DT#B1$:=B\$?9#B2X("+\3I a /<,'2X!
DS;>+# 2fP/N,G+DE:?$1 Ds /<#B1$,G1$\h\9n=p/¨X!9"=L, :?9E%.\h=&dC,.1$o\$+dm:=L\V( 2XH&!9,.*&oe4+=B#&89" 2",.=&DSd #Y%K8>19:=9(F\9dmR=B+(XIDT#B1$o4c`L1$U#B=p1$/0\|d("2"=B!$D,.
,G [ 4+ =B12X!$O #Y(X2DT#n:\|DS,G#1hP ³K,GDE,.HB?7?$D (" F, +I'eR9=YZXd I

DT,.M1$,.FDe:o?$D ,.1;7³K:,'2fHL/C?$:(": 1o2XI.!9/[

34+2"=B!$19#&HB2:2""!92F,.R=B(F1TM/<#B(F,.17o\9#&=p%./¬DT=BU\9"2R8919,.=|4+2F%.R=B\oXF,.R1M+2"I !9[[=&³2F,.oHB?72X(F!$&#YZ2#&2X1$!9\Sn2X#B!94c[2"?7DS#Y# %P /<,GDE,G1$?7\9D =p/ /<,GF1$, +\9o=p/,G"2", !$:

U/5!$qr=B1"
2"!9*p`#&%.?98$(F:!$*-:,'=L("
?$,G<³K9,'HLZXI?$(FR+#Y%.*&R("",.=B1$?$",.1$Hh\9+%G#_&R\Qj[46LE!$#&\2"!$n\9cd#B?9%.2 ,.1L2":("*#&%=Yd:¶B¶&DS":4
2"\9U#B!7+E(Fd#&=L ?9?9P %.HB289!$%.*p87#&#Y,.?9%G1$2+?9:5\gF87:,GRT1](rdm³K2X=L!9,.("H7DSÌ qr1L.-I'2X?9(F=9,.2FIS\$5?$Q/N4+2F+M,.%.=BW4+&1=B#YZX1$%.I 2""!9,G\9=L:?9 (PHB2:!e2X!9dmM/C=L(`\9"+*pDS%G#&##Y_&("%._R7\VDS2X!9j# 3P ,G,.DE1L2F?$R*&D (F:*p(X#&/<"%C,'=L,.17%.1V:\919=p/<HB/52",.2"!k+! B#&"J3!91$=L\g(F2"46:7!$(IT:,G461B2":M,'("2X*pT"+#Y,.o%GDS2"878$!7R#B#Y(r4c2dm2E=L2"("=L!$D 1

"%',.HB!L³K2"2F(",.%.17,'_nR#Y\`%.;>'_B+2"=T2")2F/C:d?$(:S(F72X4c/5!9=L!$:1$(5:"(",.,.\9:1$#&R4:N(
(FR/<2"#&!9,."2"o[!@4+2X%G#B!9#&F("TH&2F=Y,GDTd DS(.# ,.P 31L,.2"De:`("?$*1$D#&=-%)\$/<;7:,G::1$_&Ie\9=L=pqr1$1Q/\V>2"R!$#e&#&¶B%G2#&DT("4+H&A#&R";$(NT?$,.252"1L!92F2"oR!9(FR!9*p13#&,G\$%2"\9!9UFR:1QB2X¶&!$2"DS:(F(X=L+DT?9ZKHB,.,G1$5!7#&8$"%%'?9,.8$HB2<!L!9\92"::%'1$_34:=B(F;7DTR#&::"2F19:2FR=L\i(+1I I
2"\9a!$=-#&::;91ie%.19\9=&+I2E%Gn#=-_&2X4:R!$4+\|#Y?$2(EjH& #&,.*&1L R_9
5De4+2"=L!9#B(F1hMB1-;>"?$E=|De?$/N;7":nR\|(\9=Y2"=V=MdN19a,.DS=B 2 8$¬=B("=p;78$*&F#BR46(F4+Y*B=B+S1$2Xa",G"\9 ?$: 4:(X4c#&%'R;9=L"%."F_n"d:?92X%.!9'_Vedm=L8>("(E::#B4+(F+1Bdm=B,._Q*&(XRDS*p\h#Y#&%G/<1$?94+M,.2"&!9I<=Y,Gd<1a</<!9 ,G,Gt 1$5\9,G=p"/:,.%4E.?$"dm,"=B:2";( &(XI#Y(.2":3\@*B:,G$11 I

2"4cL!$=L,G1$31 4cO
8>(X:DT2"(F!$dm::=B\|("(X[DS,G1h#&#&("1$a[4+#&1$`;9=E%.#& %. =BXHI F7R&I
+:La<2"2"T!9!9eR%G#&1n,.("DSH&#B:8$(:("%.=B=pF*&19,GRHT1$DT4+#&3: 1LaT,25 .2"C!7HB#Y("2
8$:#&,.#&1$462F4:&:(F(+R2"2"#&T!$"#B:4c=LA1MDSd2X("!987=B
:D2FDS3R# /<¶ P ,'2X/<!2F,G=Q1$%.:\9RX=pe/j-/N #B 3H:P IgB8>("a<:=p4+/5!92C,GAT2"=Ed,.("T,G=BDSD ,G1$8$\9(Fs +=pR*B2"\=

t/N>
\9"=-+:B5-#B19C=B254:#&\91`:8>;7:
17\`P =L8>13:4c2"2"!9:E\i9DS2X!$# #YP 2N,GDE/N?7[DHB+/<2A,G#E1$\9;$=p#B/ \n8>UW#&:<(Fdm%.=B=B(X1$DTHS#B#B1$<4c,.2<dm,.=B<(AHL#E(FRDS#Y2"# :P (N,GDE2"!$?7#BD 1 /<$ZX,.1$I \$' =p=p//N=Y+*Bd:7(C9dmF=B,G1$( 4c83
2"!$t

4 4 8PO '!b < ' :%&
s
40
’win.tr’ Int=30ms
16 Int=80m
35 Int=100ms
Int=130ms
30
14
25
20 12
15
10
10
5
8
0
³K\$#B,'HL("?$\ (" a I'

$´[U\$+%G,.#1$_&\$:=p\ / j", :T :*&\9=B,G"%.?9#B2";9,'%.=L:1h\ZVdm=L/<(,.F2"2X! #&1-· ³K2":,.("HB*?$#&("%5 =B1¯I' a´K a<!92X!$,.19(F=Lb>?9?9HB:!7178$4c?92+=YAd #&&
n+#V%G#_&d?7R\n1$4cj[2",'46=LS1¯,.1-=Y·d
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

19=9\9R<#&1$\@DS# P ,GDE?$D/<,G1$\9=p/ F, +=&d

2X!9 DS# P ,.De?$D/<,G1$\9=p/ F, +BI 3
,.1 h# P 3>IV-1 2"#&¹ IQ17¶ C \$¹

#&(XG\ X[ 83 ¹&¹ 6@¶?LIQs s Wj6 ¹hY3=D¹ ^ 96@CsYAD8_¹ 3 TV1qt A

s ¶B¶&¶ ¹ ¶ Yt ¹ ¹ ¹ ¹

'
'B

a/<#&,G1$;9\9%. =p/0I $",´ +

?$DE;>:(<=&d2X("#B1$XDe,.2F2":(587#&46Y:2"<\$?7(F,G19H| t ":4 dm=B( ( 30o#&<#Td?$174c2F,.=B1@=&d2X!9 DS# P ,GDE?$D
A

2F\9=oRF"2":,.1$1$#&\@2F,.#B=B1`1oj#&%' /Al#_9U",.1917+4cR\$2"!92"= /</A,G#Y1$,.\92=p2F/5,.%'<2"#&!$%'E.=p:/5¶BC¶&dmDS=B(<,G"1L:2F1$:\$(",.*p19#YHo%$=&=Ld)192"%._n!9 S&[\$:#Y%.2X##T_B:87\S#&46j Y46:e2"+=BZ"I8$2F,.=B1S P 89,G(":,G1S=B(X\9R(

*,@: ! ?9;:<*8$D* 2$@% * " 9 & ! ? %'
:B¶
O % P ! " (

"22"1$!$!$[nhF,G2F2FDE,G,GDTDT?9`%Gh#Y2";>,'=B2o+(52f2X/N4:#&#&+&R1@:1]o;>2"8$E=]#&?$462""&(X:+#&\@2"1$e2FX=`DT#&(X,'F(F2M,G,.DE*p#]#Y?9%%G8$#Y,G#BE2"46 (XY#&4c:%G172o#&\9X,.=BFM,GD4+(X#&#&%#&171$.-\9\]?9=B:D !7?$#&+#B,GE19o"Hn=B/NDTDT+%.=9M\9HB\9+:,G%GF+192XINR(F(",Gqr;$#&1@%?92"2"8$!$:("\e=B;$"#&,.#BDS4:;94c,.89=L%'%.,.(":2f\9_",G2 19\$H^4c,.%G"#&2F2"X=g("",.;7,."4:?9=B#Y2FDT%),.=BDT|1i=9=B\92"#B+!91$%GR+\ (

2"/N\9(X,G#&F2X1787(F",G(FDT;$R?9F,GR"2"1B",'=L,'2<=L1i1n!9I R(X(F#Ya<2"!9#B3A;7/Cd?9#B25:4c%'2o#T#B2"*!7<#B#Y(FDS_-2o,G#&192"1L!$HS_MhF=&, 2"+2X(X!9#&:1$=Y(XdXADT#S4+,.#B8$X1`"#&,'46=L;>&1g+2:dm2FI=B,GDT?$a<17|!9\ *p#&DSs (",'#&R 2"I o!9RDTDT##&_k2F,G(F4++#&b7%):#&4+1$2M#&#%'_9"",.,.N2"?$=Y#&d 2F.-,.=B?91 :?9=Y:d,.1$#]Ho4c =BP 17#&FDS2X#&891L%.2

B
w `v+w {' IHc~

{+y@ ~ y G G ow7G Sw ~ y G own[5
,Ga<\$1B?$!92"(X:#Y(X2"#&.L,'(X=L?$(F1n:,.*p?9=&#Y:dK%>,.192F#S,GHDe8$#BRP A46#&Y#&:DS("2A 89!7%. h#&P 58>/5#B=B!91n19,GR46 1L!¯P 2F8>,G,.#Y`=B%.1$'2"_o:!$1L\9Q2F,G,GF#Y"2X,.%)(FDS,G\9;$89,G?9"%.2":2"(":",.2M\n;$?$dm/<=L2F,'(n,.2X=&!`,GDS1`"#Y=B/<2XDT!9,.2":[!|DS87#B#Y#&192"(X,.=&#&4:2XDT#Y!9%
+:2"(<#&:1$87(:#&L#&%'(XX_9#&#"_DT,.o+)2",G9`:#&(:2"17-!9\MX #2"_ !$[F IO2X("
#BF-1$1$7"DT.-87,G?9#&"46R",.Y?9=B:&1 2 ´

4+1-#B?$1eDE;>;>A:(A2"(X=&#&dK1$87XDT#&46,'Y2":2FR2"N\T,G#&1`22X#[!92" ,.DT"_-B"&2F#&RD1$\e,G2"<!$H&5,.*&;$RD? 1`:;L(_ ", :N,GK,G1 O 19,.2FBIq d/NA\$:19=B2F 83 F B2"!9A2",.DT5#*&R("#&H&

3 ? UF:¶7I'&Z
/<89%.,.=&2"2"!gqr2F1S,G#&19a%'H]N#B+;94c*B=&%. :%G?$1L:DS2"¶7:I'1$AM#&/N1$k \g8$U .-#&("?9%.:""R=V:?91Lh#h2"DT#, :F=L`,G19DE,',G2"1¯?$=B%.(F#&8$9· 2F#&.-,.46=B?9&1TR+?9=Y2"M+diZ2"2X!$("#Y#B,.HB 4c#&n.L,.17?$4:F:#Y2S?9%.'B4cRI=B\ %.a<?$.-!9DSD`[10I F=B,G?$^DE2+?9U2F%G#&,G#YDTe2",'Y=L\9ZE1S,G"/N4:8$?$(F3"=9"=B\$:;9?7\^2X4c#Y:,G,G1k 1 #LUWR2"F(X4c:#&2"3,'4c=L ³K1 O,.H7%'t 5I¬I $=LI:?9¶72+AI'I &2"_ (Z
0
2"#&!$87 8$(F.-= ?9P R,GDS?9`#Y2F%.,.:=B1$1nH&2"=Y!gd2"+!9*&=B%.*p?$#Y2F%G,.?9=Bo1iI^R¶Ea<=L!9;9@2"#&#,.*&19:R(X\@#YHB;BM_VFUF,G:DE¶7?$I'&%.#&Z"I2F:\ .L?$:?9@F, +`=p*&R(M:¶B¶&¶BFR4S,. I ¹ & K#hH&=-=9\

\9R"4:qf(F2A,G=B;7,.2F R3\n.-2"?9!$,G,.1h2F#&2SL,G:/C1B4+2"|2F:,.=B("?$:1 ""32Fs ,G19I#^HT´K"2F,./NDS=o89#&\9%.1$:=o#&(T%'19_ /A=&:#25[_]\92X!9R2F4c=^%G#&F\9,G("DE:4+?9H&%.#B%G:#Y(F1$2"@:,'=L(X#&#Y1n172F\k("=L:("XNDS?9#&%.#&2"171$A\`,.8$#&"1$?$+\`%.R#&\$2F2"+@("I_o("#B2F= 1$\9O =B17Dz\n2X*p!9#B(F,G87#&=L;9"%.:"e,.;$2"%'!7#&("1k:#&"2"=B!917@=Bdm1$=L(

2"?$!$"2"\9!9, :4+("=B:1$174+4c%.&?$I "

,.=B171$4cA2"=T/C,GDS\98$=o("=p"=S*&/C2"!9DS"#,G_ DEO ?91$%G#Y\@2",'"=L+1$*&cRZX("´ #&%i(FR#&"=B1$ dm=B(A2X!9 F,GDE?$%.#&2F,.=B1 A,.DS8$(":X",.",'=L1$
U#B1$\

:7
: s
0 (L(' $F%
@ ! (
8
&£B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
Y&£B`93-.¦ 7&)r¡&£9²$¥L£&¦-¤-¤¯¡&±9&À3 © - L« /
&&£B£Bk 7¤L±¦R. V$¢9:¦ c-c0ªc ©r©rªª
&&£B£B. Eab§ )F)FYY $$¡L¡L¢9¢9££ //
1 +Q-RC7&£ ²7¦L7 e$£B¬`- 9£7]«R-&¤L¤PV$£ 9¡Y±-$¢9£L¢¯9¡ ¦Y -R-$£ U £L
1 -±&. V7£B¡ 3?V -$£7 n«$£µ6 H$¡&±>¤B¢PH7¦W]$£ ¤L¦L U £k²$¦.7 e$£B>k¦&$¢
1 $:
Y&£B ¡ ¤.H$±$-:`4¦£&±7]$e ££9¥-)FY+L¤ -c ¦9¤L-¤`-c $9Y²>¡&±-¤L§k$£4YQ¢Y7.¥L-RE¨¤.U-R`§ª-£Le-ª--YªLª-¡L>ª§ Y3.¦YE $¢¨§ª-ª4Y¡¯e4V0«$£ª $ ¦W2e$9£ ¡&²0¤LI$¦L¦QU-&£P¤4/ V7¦Y$¢B«R-p¢BH

1 U £&7£L-¦B$£ 9¦Y$¢9¡K
&£B- $£L-$@9£LL5@9-6L]$5¦9-6¤ ]$IC¦9-c ¤ IC£¯-c &-R9£BK£ 09£L)W7¦49]£Y¦L«-Q G9-6¦&]$)r$£4¦9YL¢9¤^²$¡ C¨^-c ¦L§ -£$5 -¯-Y¤L¦ ¦YV>¦ L$¤LV$¢¯£ ¢9²7¦Y.¦/B7²7e$¡p£&7¬£&-`5 --p9¦9£7¤ /

Y&`²£BeLL `²+QeL-L9+Q£-9&£B£ )74¦ ]£&F« G$¦&)r$4£ YB¢-²$¡ ¨^ U¦L§ª-Q ª--YªLW¦ ª-V>ªC¤L£ ©rª YL;F²$# ¡Y7R $£p9R± 5B6/-Y¦-W¤ /

U
Y&£Bµ ¦BYL. $7 .¦ 76)W$H>£&¥BF«¦ U @£&U9£&9Y§2 $Y/ . 7

1 ±7£&±7£g ¡YR -$¡LQ -R U

-&£B¤.-:è ¡&d±7£&±7)FY£-¥$&¦ 7¡&²7C¤L-£9$¥&¡LC$-¸ ¥ £L±7¡Y±9£&±7 £kY§kY. EM)r¡Y²7£& [©r¡Y±9¯L« / ªC©c[§ /
²$9L¡ 7P3Q¤B¡W-RV7R ¦9-L¤6 H8SkT`3S
U
Y7B¤B¡7J &3$£ ¤p±&`6 H>3 ¥&-9.¦ 7&£
T
£4Y5-0ª
²$9¡L7 ¤BY W¡£&V7$¢B¦9²7¤¦L7 e$ £B:YQS07 T9S 9£L@9-Q-6]$¦9¤WI5-c £^²è-L+.-9£
Y&&£&£&0FVCB¦ L-6 $£7£M)r£W YL)F²$Y)r0£4YBg²$&7C¡&-c 9«`¡&/£ ±-$¢ )F ;.)F9Y²`$e-£L`@-+Q--95£-6]$]9¦-¦9¤W¤YI5±7-c £/Q£ B ]9/ ¦9¤Y±7£// Y&£&9¢B²7¦.7 e9£B
U

T
$pQ7&&£ $¢0 V L$£7

YY&£Bµ? ¦B`7&L¡Y-:`-$7e¦..£76H>7p)W70¥B£&¦ «FU9Y£&@Q9U7¯£Y9Y$.` E4-R0>Be±7$`¤-¤4-:`/ e

YY ¦B¦BªC§ª-©rªLªLª-ªCª©rª§ Y35&£Y-:$R¢B-L²76H.¦ 76e$£B

YkB±L
a#B;9%.TR¶$I.&´K2"4+%)"4:(F,G8925DSD3&I 2"4+%idm=B(<",.De?9%G#Y2F,G19Ho#&1 ] .-?9R?9 0
0 . ' : B
. 2"4c!9=BC?71Bdm=B2XA(XDE=B?919%G%._M# U"2X:!9¶7I'&d(XZ #&4c4c=L2"?$,'=L1L1n2"=&2"d!92XN!9/5!92"=B(X#&%'N178$"DT#&46,.&2F2F+R2\@2X!$8$#Y#&246&,G+2A;>+2",G!$19#&H
2<2",.(X #&F1$2"X,'DT%.),',G2"1`2FR2X\i!9p /5.-!9?9:R("?9C&#BIa<2X!9!9<,G5F,G\9DE, ?$:%.("#&:2F1$,.=B4+1
"!9=L?9%G\`DS#&&2"!9 ",.De?9%G#Y2FR\`(":X?9%.2A%'=p/N:(N2"!7#&132"!9 P #&4c2A=L19;B_3#&;>=B?92<¶7I T#S8$#&46&+2:I
.
/5/C
T!91@,.,.462"1L!n!92"e:,.N1$=&\92X2"!9R!$\h:( \92X!9!7cd:#&#BD 1$?9\i%'2<2" =|2""!$, ;7:e[BIe"=&,.dDea# =3?9%.4+#&=B2F& R(X(F\|R4c8$872 #&#&46462X&!$Y+:#Y2"2+2:5I)2"a<=B?$1$!-(XT?$1|NX=B!92"?$=B(X2#&?$1$%.2F\QX=`DT46;7,.!$eX#&"19,'2"=L(XHB1o?$E1$2F2X4+,G!9DT#&o2F:R<\9\|c#&#Yd("#B2 ?92X#E%'!92E%.DS,'2"*p2F# #&%.P%.?9,G"DEE!9?$=L=YD (Fd52"::87(C-#&;L2"46_-!$Y2F#B:B1 2
J
F, +B-dm=B(A P #BDT8$%'2F=|R¶&¶B¶&¶&¶7Ia<!9,GA,G5\9=B1$;L_n#B\$\9,G19HS2"!9%.,G19

9YQ7&£B²7¦.76e$£BL+Q- 9£ §Rª-ª-ª-ª-ª

#pdm2FR(A2"!9 4+=BDSDS#&1$\ &£BµY. 7 )W$£&F« @ U £&9 2 / I
a<8$(F!9R4c,GFF,G
DE*p?9#Y%G%G#Y?92"&,'=LI 1M2",.DT,.<1$=&2<"? o4+,'R1L2F%._M%'=L19H7IK,.2"!@#T\$?$(X#Y2F,.=B1`=Yd s ¶B¶&¶&¶7&/NH&+2<#TDE?$46!3DT=B("

. N
80
’qm.out’ using 1:5
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
K³ ,.HB?$("S:¶7I'B´5C*&=B%.?92",'=L1M=&dK#B1 - .-?9R?9F, +

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
2 O
DT;L_Q,.X,.a<"2",'T=L!91M #*&2F,GRDT("B#&&9:H&N-B=YI@dK.-L8$?9,G#&DT:46?9&,'%G
+#&2X,G("CC%'_B,G#BN(F#I
=B194c& [=B17/5F!92X#&-:1L("
2+.LI,.?$1La:2F=TR?9(rM"·f,.#&De,G(Xe("?9,'=B%G*p#Y19#Y2FM%>
2F/5,.,G2+DT!$$::"("A,.DSM#&892"("(X%._M#& 1$P(FXR8>DT89=B%G,.1$#&X":4c,'1L[=L2F12",G!9#Y\7%.'?$_o(X("#&\9#&1$,G2F"\$,.2F=B=BHB1^D (",G!$;$*p#B?9#&E2F("R,.#&#B\n1g;9;$%.[?$P 2N8$87L2X=L("2¸19#B-:1$, :19F ··

2Fqr1L,G#Y2F%
R("\9#B,G("F("2X,'(F*p,G#&;$%.?9aA2",G,'DT=L1
#B(X#&1$1$\¯\$=B,G1BD 2":*p(X#&#&(X("(F,.#B,.*p;9#Y%.%A2F;L,G_MDT,.:2"` #&#("*&h:(X4c#Y=BHB17&FI 2X#&1L2+I a=g",.De?9%G#Y2FV2"!$#&2+A/CQ"!9=L?9%G\ (":8$%.#B4c|2"!$
O
w`Fv {+y|{65 n [

qr#&1h17\n2X!9=Lo;$F#&R;>(F=p*B*&[T%.=BFX,GDE":?9:%GI#Y³>2",'=B=L( 1ii/N T?$-" :B\V *&.-R?9(F_@R?9%G#&("/<H&e,'2X! ;7D? R;$("D?
2":=3(X:#$*B2"=&!9,G\|%.%'=B=LX"<":8$:("I =B;$
#B19;9S,.%'4+,.2f#B_o1V,.5?$"H&T,.*&X:DS1`#Y;L%._'R([;7D? R("
O
SU &>Z 3

=Ya<dK!9%.
=BX/NFR#N_T;L2F_M=T4c2X!9=LDT2F87=B?92"2F#&
%2"1-!9?$
DE%.=B;>X: (A8$=&("d=B#&;$(X#B(";9,'*p,.%'#Y,.%G2f:_T-d;>(F=&=L2XD !32XH&!9,.*&:F1`,GDE,G1`?9%G2X#Y!92",'=L%G1S#&",.2NA%.",G,.19DS89=Y%._SdK2"2F!9=S \9DT,.*L=L,G\919[,'2"=B2"!9(F·9
.-2F?9=BR2"?9#Y %O1-%'?$BDEI ;>:(

: t
0 (L(' $F%
@ ! (
8
&£B*)W7£Y«,+.-c 7±>¤L¦&$¡L0/
Y&£B`93-.¦ 7&)r¡&£9²$¥L£&¦-¤-¤¯¡&±9&À3 © - L« /
&&£B£Bk 7¤L±¦R. V$¢9¦ c-c0ªCcC©r©rªª
&&£B£B ¢B±909-9¦BC£ -Y¡Y EE-ª-ªLª
&&£B£B. Eab§ )F)FYY $$¡L¡L¢9¢9££ //
Y&£B ¤.±$-:`£&±7e £9¥-)FYL¤ -c -`-c $Y²>¤L§k£4YY7.¥LE¤.-Rè` Y- 9£§Y.E §ª-ª4e4V0ª 2 9¡&²0I$¦Q-&¤4/
1 U £&7£L-¦B$£ 9¦Y$¢9¡K -R99£L9¦L-Q -6]$¦9¤^C -c £$¯¦Y$¢¯²7¦.7 e$£&¬`-9£7
&&£B£B-$`²£L-eL$L@9£L+QL5-@99-6L]$£ 5¦9-6¤ )7]$IC£&¦9-cF« ¤ IC£¯G$-c ¦&&$£BK£ 0¢-¡)W 7¦4]^£Y«U¦LQ G9-Y¦&W¦ )r$£4V>YL¢9¤L²$¡£ ¨^Y¦LL§ -5²$-¡Y-Y¤L7¦ V>¦£p L9¤LV$5£ ¢9-Y¦Y¦-/BW¤ ²7/ ¡p7£&-5-p¦9¤ /

Y`² eLL +Q-9£&£B 4¦ ] U )r4£ YB²$¨§ª-ª-ªLª-ªC©rª ;F# R $R± B6/
$Y&£BYµ. 7 ¦BYL.Y$£B7 ¦.76)W²7$H>.¦£&¥BF«¦7 e$@£&£&UL9£&+Q9-Y9£ §2 $§ª-Y/ .ªLª-7 ª-ª

U
1 ±7£&±7£g ¡YR -$¡LQ -R U
-&£B.¤ -:` e ¡&d±7£&±7)FY£-¥$&¦ 7¡&²7C¤L-£9$¥&¡LC $-¸ ¥ £L±7¡Y±9£&±7 £kY§kY.EM)r¡Y²7£& [©r¡Y±9¯«L/ ªC©c§[/
²$9L¡ 7P3Q¤BW¡-RV7R ¦9-L¤6 H8SkT` 3S
U
Y7B¤B¡7J&3$£ ¤p±&`6H>3 ¥&-9¦.7&£
4£ Y5-0ª
T
²$9L¡ 7 ¤BY¡W£&V7$¢B¦9²7¤L¦ 7 e$ £B:YQS07 T9S 9£L@9-Q-6]$¦9¤WI5-c £^²è-L+.-9£
Y&&£&£&0FVC¦BL-6 $£7M£ )rW£ YL)F²$Y)r0£4YBg²$&7C¡&-c 9`« ¡&/£ ±-$¢ )F ;.)F9Y²`$e-£L` @-+Q--95 £-6]$]9¦-¦9W¤ ¤YI5±7-c £/Q£ B ]9/ ¦9¤Y±7£ // Y&£&9¢B²7.¦ 7 e9£B
U

$pQ 7&£&$¢0 V L$£7

YY&£Bµ? ¦B`7&L¡Y-:`-$7e¦..£76H>7p)W70¥B£&¦ F«U9Y£&@Q9U7¯£Y9Y$.` E4-R0>Be±7$`¤-4¤-:`/ e

YY ¦B¦B¬ªCB¢B©r±9ªL9ª-ª¦BC§ -Y¡YY&£Y$35¢B²7-RC.¦ -L76e$6H£B

YkB±L
a#&;$%'S:¶7I s ´K2"4c%"4:(F,G892<DSD`R I 2X4c%idm=L(<F,GDE?9%G#Y2",.1$HS#B1 ] .L?$:?9
2
0 . ' : L
j 7
\ 9
\ .
, $
1 n
H "
2 $
! e
c
4 L
= S
D T
D B
# $
1 \ $
Y
.7 Y£B ²$¦.7 e$£B`+Q-9£ §ª-ª-ªLª-ª #B DT:1L2",'=L19:\|,G1|2X!9e8$("+*-,.=B?$L:4+2F,.=B1i

/N/NoTHBH&++22ES*&:U ("_h HBY=LZ5=93\^¶#YHLs (F:
n:DT;L:_V1L2",.De;>+?92f%./N#&2F+,.:=B1^1Q2X=Y!9dAn\$"?$,.De(X#Y?92F,.%G=B#Y1V2F,.=B=Y1^d s#B¶&1$¶B\¶&"2":!94eo#&dm=L1$("\ DeS?9%GU #$In ³>&Z5=B(3 P¶ #& &DS¶ 89s S%.&2X!$dm=B(F=L(?9HB!Q3 2"!$s
#&(":;>X=p87*&RS4c2Fdm,.=L*&(":De%'_B?9I%Ga<#$I|!9 ³7=L"4:((F,G892A3l,G<H&@,.*&/NRn1M=L,G13;92"a#&#&,.1];$%'¶7SI'R:$¶7oI s I#&17\g¶$I. s
|;B_^",.De?9%.#&2F,.=B1]#B1$\^2"!$("=B?$HB!^2"!$Mdm=B(XDE?$%.#7

%.=B"2 J5 RDT#B(" ´<³>=B(3B2"!9SF,GDE?$%.#&2F,.=B1V\$=LR[1$=&2

/C=L("3/N+%. Li,G1h2X!$#Y24+#BFT#Y%.#B("(",.*L,G19Hn87#&46Y:2"
#&("
: ¹
0 (L('@ $F% ! (
8

5

JDT#B=91$\9\9+=B%., D¨1$HE*#&#B1$(F,G\S#&;$,G1o%'R19:/<2f/C,.2"=L!T("\9e, F,GRDE(FR?91L%G#Y22"\9,'=L,."1T2"("/C,G;$ ?9;72F(F,.=B,.c17b7_S4+#&(":1e4+#&;7%'574:2"!9(FR #Y\$2": \O 19,G1S,.2F,.1$=B:17IA &#&?917A\o2FDe==L,.2"DT:,GDS1L2"87 =L=Y(Fd)2DS("=&#Y%.,GC1o,G1T("#B2"1$(X\9# =BMD 4 QN
*p#&(",.³7#B=L;9(<%.:#SN,.("1@#B1$j[\98$=B87DR1$*\9#B,(FP ,G#&B;$&%'TIKU³7J =L(<ZDeg=L(F9/N;$#B46\9L:HB1$("=&=B2F?$ 1$\)

$BU =L&19Z 3 4+#&S13U 4c=L1$ "%.?9&Z"2
7I U &H-Z -L3 ² S U Y «-«-«<©&Y Z 5;$7&17¡-\`¡p<_ © 7p¡
$ U &Z I
/N\$:19=B2F,.2"5\9R1$",'2f_BINUQE=Ydm2FR1n=LDT,'2<2X!9 "?7;$"4:(F,G892 /I'Z -
BI 8;@B4 /1 25:=C/@B: > :=1"5j #&("+2"=eJ µ,.<\$ O 19R\32"!$("=B?9HL! -
SU &Z 3¬U 0F &Z 3

/52"!9!9 :("(X#&19MHB,G< 2"!$B DeI,G19a<,GDE!9?$D \9:F17, F+,.2f_n#B1$,GA\ H& ,.*&R¯1`¶T;L,._ A2X!9 "=S4:#Y%.'R\ $B"!7#&8>87#&(X#&DT+2":( $$Iqf2<,.<\9 O 19R\`=L1

U &>Z 3

a<!9 P 87R4c2X#Y2F,.=B1@#B1$\n=B2"!9R(<DT=BDT:1L2"<#B(F
3 ?k
3 (
?(
<a !9;(i2"!@DT=BDT:1L2<,GA,.1 O 19,'2" ,'d>(BI
/<a<F, +,'!92X5N!V=&"d, +# AO=Y d%. O ,G%'1MRsKqr$2"1LF(X2":#&: 1$(X19F dm +:¹2C(Xi(F2"R(X:\#&¶ 1$ =pIF*&dmj¬R:((X2f2X_9!9,G89 A,.R4:qr¶(1L#Y%i2F:*p;9(X#Y19,.2"%G:?9:2I,Gqr,G1n=Y2"dm2"!9:3¬
1T4c 46=L!$1Bs #&2"(X ¹ #&P 4+2I2F=&:j¬("d), 2f+_9:89\ ,G/<4+#&,'%i2"2X(X!e*#&#&#1$%.?$Fdm[:#&(Xdm(":=L+B(A2"2f=[2"_9!9\989,G,GF4+2X #&(FP %7,G87;$*pR?9#Y4c2"%G?92F,'=LR:1\

#&(" 3µ #B1$\ 3+

$ ( ;L_L2":[U"+ :9>8iI t ·fB I'Z
8
s I ,.<\94 O 4|19&R \`12X !$4("=B?9/HL:?8;! < !8 251 ;8 @ :?8A<?49"5j[1M P 8>=B1$:1L2F,G#Y%.'_o\9,G"2"(",.;$?$2F:\nJ /<,'2X!n8$#B("#BDT+2FR( P-
SU YZ 3 P 8U ? &Z !U &Z>3" P 8iU ? &Z

j5%.),'2X<DT=BDT:1L2"5 P ,."2<#&1$\@#B(F
H&,.*&R1`;L_
3 (
:
:

4 O

\ ` % `
( " !
qr\913,."2"#S(",G ;$?92FR\@2XF(",.#B%'R1$1$rdm4cR(+2" ,.DT#&:(" +2FU =S$Y2X\9!9,G,GF1$2XL(F,G,.;$19?9HS2"2":,.\@DT2X:(" #B$91$Zr/<dmR,.("2"<!@#B#(F*B:2f(X_9#Y89H&,G

4+#&\$%'?$._`(",.#&":2F,.8$=B#B1`("#&=Y2Fd R\n /< ,.2"3 ! P 8>
=B 1$s : 1L I 2F,G#Y%.'_

7I,.0A1HB@,'*B :138;< ;B25_ :=C/@B: > :=1" qf2,G46!7#&(X#&4c2":(", ::\;L_2f/C=[8$#&(X#&DT+2":(XU Z"Iqf2"K8$("=B;$#B;9,'%., 2f_
\9R1$",'2f_

U &>Z 3 P 8 ? ?

s s

#&1$\`,'2X O (XF2<DT=BDTR1B2X<;L_ 3 3 H

/5a<!9!9,.:N13\94c,G=LF2XDT(F,G87;$?9?92F2",G,'19=LHo1M2",G!$A DeF=L,.HBF2"1$%'#&_M%i?72FF=oR\M19=B2F,.=T"\9(",G"#&4:2F(F,.=T,G;7,G
132"("!$#B:\9(XDT,'=S#&%.%i, 1719L=&:,GIF[2"!$#&2NX!9=L?9%.\`;7
2"#BYR1o,.1L2"=T#B4+4c=L?$1L2
t I 2F ,.=B11À,.<1HB@ ,'*B:8;1`< ;B25_ :=C/@B: > :=1"
qf25,. 46!$#&(X#&4+2F:(", +:\3;L_n2f/N=M8$#&(X#&DT:2F:(XU ZXICqf2X5\9R1$F,.2f_`d?$1$46·

P 8 ? s (U & AZ ?

U &>Z 3 s
#&1$\`,'2X5DT=BDT:1L2X<#&("
HB,'*B:1`;B_
3 P 8 H s U Z
,G%'=BHB19=L("DS#&%'._h\9,GF2X(F,G;$?92":\/<,'2X!^8$#&(X#&DT+2":(XTU Z5,'dA#B1$\=B19%._h,'dN%G1)U ]Z<,. 1$=B(XDT#&%'._h\9,Gr·

2"](",.U ;$?$ 2F:\kZ"Ik/<,.qr2"1 ! 2"!9& hhXjl#&DT/<|,G(F8$:#B%'R("#B"SDe4c:=L2FRDS(":DEI?$19qf2M,G4+4:#&#&2F,.1k=B1$2":!-?$2"o!$;>@|(":/54+(F+,.,.2F*&2"R:\1¯8>#&=p /C R( 3d("=BD P 8i8>U =po/CZ R(e/5!94+=BR1L(F 2"("=&%. : \

F#&=L1$?$\3("4+&:\ [ /< ,' 2X!Q I d#&\9,G19H|46!$#&1719+%G!$#*&T%.=&HB1$=B(XDT#&%\$,."2"(",.;7?92F,.=B1Q/5!9:(" ,G2f_989,G4+#Y%. _V;7:2f/C::1¶$I

$I \9:8 1$",.2f _M8=Yd 2A:=C/@B: > /:=1j

#&DSDS#o\9,GF2X(F,G;$?92":\@J /<,'2X!h8$#&(X#&DT:2F:(XU LZA!$#&[#o8$(F=L;$#&;$,'%.,'2f_

/ P-
U &>Z 3

/5!9:("! ,G<2X!9" )·Wd?$1$4+2F,.=B1`/5!9,.46!@X#Y2",. O :# C$U LZ 3¨$U ?k&Z 9dm=L#( E,G1L2F+HB:(X+Ia<!9 DT=LDeR1L2"<#&("
3 3 % &U H &XZ (
a<#&1$!9\)5\9,GF¬2X(F¶7,G;$IE?9qr2"1Q,'=L1e2"!9,Go\9X87 OR4c19,GR#Y\S%4:=B#&1T"e2"!9/5[!9("#BR(F19*H&<n¶ ,G#&1Q (,.1L2"'+H&LR#B(+1$i\T2X!9,',G2X\98$,.#B"("2"#B("De,G;$:?92F2FR,.=B("1Q#B,G(F
<4:\9#Y %.O'R19\V:\T2X!9dm=L( C( "%.#B 19¶H

\9,."2"(",G;$?92F,.=B1)I

!#"$%'&()$%+*+,.--#
/01/2
/.34*5/6
879
*5
6%+$%:;,0-<%,0!,2$%+1=%>8?+%1/2
/.3
/@A1/B+%1DCB,.1EF*5/6$%$%+*'%
%G/03H,B1DCI?-,01+J$%+?-'K
L%%,2
,2$%M,;(N%/N/2"%,.D
F,O"9'%1$P$%+*'%/2
M/.39+$13Q/2$CB,0
*'<C)+,2%?$%+4/2",.D
+#3R$%/2CS%CT?-D,.1/2

D 1/U,0V0W%X,;:2+$,.Y2Z/03E%':2+$,.-O[0
+9+

6%[U$?
]\^
+9+
+
*'X*',2
_"9X/6"%,0
+`"6(a?%
Y
bc$1
6F1++M,0
dY2+
$%,01/6$%'e%KT
'gfP"6(] %%$%/2
Yh-,;/.3G-,2$1Y2)
8?CT"$'fP% ,;:0$%,0Y0 ij/03!k
D
+9+
+
6F,0
dD
2%*+,.--(d%%$%D"?1l:;,0-?+Mi fPmnpo0q'rrrq%ka,0$1/6,0*sN 59+*'%,.%/6
ut i]v
OD*sh!ECB,;( wD%Z1/ 1%CB,.%0K
x ?$EY2/2,0-yI1/X*s*sVX/@z,2*'*'?$%,01 i{T,0F,2

|+%1DCB,.1/6$E/.3 ut iWv}KZ
U,0$%1D*'?-D,0$+fPG wD%|%/
+%%,2"-d%/2C) *5/6
%%,0
6 ]?*sd%,0E% $%/2",0"-~(W%,. i ut i]v q ut i]vc .J" ,0M-,0%
o5 !fO+$% Dw1/6CTECB,.--g+$$1/6$G$1/6",0"-~(W\%,;(Z e%K
wM:@,0$%,2
*5M/03 iwY2:2+
Z"2(
8\ iUen k
4+ "9F%E:@,2$1D,0
*'M/.3i K= }3yGMV8
+ f9!F*'/2?-Dh+%1DCB,.1EF,0*+*'?$,0*'( /.3 i,0O,B$%+D*5%/6
/.3 ut iW v4"6(u?%

Y)F*5
6%$,.-g-C)w%+/2$%+Ch fOD*sZDCB-w%,0

k i ut iWv

\^q'o.er
}3GT\R4eGD%)$1/6",0"-~(h%,.,Z1,0
,0$X#,0?1D,0
JPD
/0OY6$1,.1$O,0
WPf%
W%D#%?Y2Y01
%,.
X i ut i]v 9q Zt iWv 00hn k
k
r \1o Ko0e
¡/6$g5,2C)-2f3 ln2¢£%
E%!*5/6
%%,0
6 %,.¤Y6?$%,2
61'g%,. X iS Zt iWv q ut iWv 0.]¥

ow dn£r ¦6FDwY2:2+

h"2( Tno2r ¦2§ 4¨ kK

X$%,2*51D*52f DM~(*+,.--(]?
V8
/@O
X,2
X,2#1/J"B+%1DCB,.%+d1/0Y2'+$#w%ut i]vK x
)*'/2?-D
?% \Ri i e ¨ k©,0I,2
U+%1DCB,.%/2$E3Q/6$ f="?)%DIG/2?-|Y2:2u,]"D,0%+|1%CB,.%/2$+f^K 0KX,2
+%1DCB,.%/2$O/61M59+*'1+h:@,.-D?Ebc$%G3R$%/2C Ky

%1,0gf%E1%CB,.%/2$

ª n \RkZi _ o i e

%?$%
/6?w1/ "9F?
8"D,0%+gfK 0K ut ª vgn f1+ t «0¬fgKwo2o0o5v}K ~ww*+,.--uB'®@¯°c±³²T´@®@µs¶R®.·ç¹²5K
x
h%
a?1Z\%o Ko0e#w% ª $%+-D,0*'
Y ,2B,0
L,2$%/;CB,.%/6
U/.3%W$%/2",2"-~(U%,0 iº
w%D
h%F*'/2
879+
*'E
61$1:@,0-^K
o+«2¦
o'¬6
!"# $ %#&
'()*
w #
5!*'$%D!D
,;OVB*',2
"9?%+u1/T*'/2CB?%N#,0CB-,;:2+$,.Y2G/03P,0
/2??!7-2f8O+$%OG
,;:0$%,0Y0/@:0+$GF
8?CI"9+$w,09+,2$1D
Y)
hF«0$Z*'/0-D?CB
,+
-(.(/ 1032 46587:9<;7:= 2%>@?BACA = 2D 5 DEAGFCH =6. 0BI2KJ(LNMO> ;P7QSR ?UT 7 DBVK>@? =
}3!DE%*+$1D#MO$%%1
]D
d,u7-B*+,.--X[0%IK ,;OV8[h,0
X%B:@,.-D?+#/03!i #W E,0$%IY2:2+
]D
d%B%$

*5/2-?C)
h/03H,T7-F*',.--+h[0,.¬60
[T%+
h/2
E/2?-Z~(
X<Y(ZG[B\ ;C] JS^ _ X<Y(Z6XBà >

D
Z/6$%+$G1/ Y2' iUK
w#3Q/0--/@w
YB+
J*5/6CB?1%F*'/2
87c+
*'E
+$%:@,.-¤$%'-D,.%+Z1/ l n2¢b+
-(.(/ 1032 46587:9<;7:= 2C?K>ASA = 2 Q35 CF H [ c
; = 2cD<d 5 <D d6A QeBQG=6. 0CI 9
2D 5 DKfSL ;hg D<d(V g ?1> [Ni<jCjk JLNMO> ;P7 D :X l J@? R%m X NL M X >on R T 7 D p 7 9
q(r > \ _ O
> ; b
_ S
s B
t v
u T w
7 8
; 7
A V 7
[ i #
_ s S x e D <
V K
D S
f L y
; g ? K > j =
}3y[Cz!/2
3Q
2+K ,;OV8[TF
,2CTE/03PM7-F*5/2
6,.D
Y)%O*'$%D'f~(9
X<Y(ZG[ m{;(5C|C|S| [B\ q(r > \ > ; _ X<YSZ6XBà >
O$1
%1,0 /034i]i]i /6
/2?- ?!#:;,0-?N/.3 iUKwGw--cY0:0#"/2% ,0CB-#:;,2$1D,0
*5N,2
G'--¤,0%F$1>6?$%+h*5/6
879
*5MD
2%+$%:@,.-K

t³o5vKN-C),2
gf0[2L%%,.%'-+P,2$%/2,2*s#3Q/2$PCB$%/@:8
Yzl9+$13Q/2$CB,0
*'<?%
Ybg1$1:[f.?"C)1%+gK
t ;v K2O-%CB,2
u,0
MK 0DC +
0f 6DCI?-D,.%/6
,0
,0-(%</.3¤ Aw%Z%/6$1<-:0 zL*5/6

*51/2
%[f
?"C)11gK
t «@v KcN-C),2
d,2
XM!K 0"C
# 2$f 1 CB$%/@:6D
Yu zA/@:0$CT?-%/2X
'~G/2$V6?%
YJ+-,;(2+] z%F[f
?"C)11gK
t ¬.vFI'K &w,.--D,0$2f2S[ z!/2$%( &,21BP$%'O\ z&w#*e )]?-1D*',0%<N/2?%
YTN$*s%+*'%?$%+[f2
61$%
'=Oy¡ z` 0 0o
+\ =$1DC)+
6%,0-Re,f 6+1+CT"$Eo+¦2.¦ -K
t ;/v c0K &-D,0V001f )2K &-D,0*sVcf )UK zG,0$%-%/2
gf N0K M,;:8'(f 3H0K 4l,2
Y,0
" 42K 4l'D'5f %
a,2$%*s1*5?$1h3Q/6$
b+$%+
61D,.%+h1$1:8D*5+[f8Oy¡ z .¬ -0.f *.K¤o¦07¦ 6K
t §@vFM8K &/2
,.-Dd,2
9 KgO/6"$1'fH:[ y$3Q/6$%CB,0
*5TC)/+-D
YJ/.3'-D,0%1D*)%$,@79*)D
d/@:2+$%-/6,0[fg z;)<8Y0
C)'$1D*'+fgK9«.¬6 @}«0¬2«f6 .2o2K
t -v &M8K &w$%,2+
d'F,0-^Kf %O+*'/2CBC)+
,.1/2
M/29
=#?+?> )X,0
,0Y0+C)
2E,2
z!/6
Y01%/6
dN:0/2,2
*5BD
E
61+$
+%[f$%-yo¦07¦ 6KO:@,.-,2"-F,0GO¡ zA .«20¦),.G3Q% +@?'?3Q%¤K D1K +,? ?@
}
/21A ?.$3R* .«02¦K 'K
t 6@v )BK )K z!-D,0$V,2
C 4K)¡9,0
YBK <-D*5LN--/*',.%/6
/.D3 &+%E /2$% =,0*sV0'F #'-:2+$%
( 6$1:8D*52K
GIH2H2HKJML/NKOPµ%®.·B Q@D· RF² SUT1Q.Aµ V¶ · W.f§\R¬e%f«0§6 ;~.« -.«f8N?Y6?1Mo¦07¦ 6K
t ¦@Xv )UYK cCK z!/6$%%/2
gf c7K =,2,0C)'%$%/2?g:f y7K =,0,2/29/0-/2?+f@I'K T'K =,0$VF,0
)IK =#,;(8(?Chf N
)
61+$
+
)],2
'$ G
*',2%?-,01/2>
G$1/21/*5/2-\RZ )DOe 89+*579*+,.1/2
[f
61$%
'w$,@3Q'f9$%,.3Q}+3 ~CB,0
+}C)+
*'o0K 'f?Y2?%Eo+¦27¦ 6K
t³o+@Xv )UK zG$1/@:2'--,|,0
_I1K &+%%$,;:0/6'f!.[ 6+-³3 ~1DC)-D,0$%~(LD[
4l/2$%-D[ 4©D\ 4l+"`$%:, ] K* +\!:6D
*5],2

9/21D"-E*',0?1[^f L/N_Oa`cb¶ W.¯ ² SRµs¶R¸5sf4o+¦2¦0§K
t³o0o5/v c_K #'+$%D
Y0f )KK G1$1D
g*f )KH¡c,0$%
,0*'*'^fT0K 2,0*'/2"%/2
¤yf zGD
Y0#?
Y]4D?gf=,0
U<_K 4d+^Ky
L,0$*s
%+*5?$%N3Q/6$!wD%5~,0$%+,FCT?-%*+,0%G$%/2?1D
YKP+*s
D*',0-9N+9/2$% cz<Z z<}¦0¬..§2Sf z!/6C)?1($ *5+
*'
#+,2$1C)+
6'Yf c#
:2+$1~( /023 6/6?%+$
zG,0-3Q/2$
D,f84/6wN
Y2'-++@f zG¦00' 60¦Kfo+¦2¦.¬9K
t³o ;$v z_K /0+2f 40K M,0""9/2?+f=,0
[ yK zG$%/@G*+$1/03Q'_K )]?-1D/2
6B*5/2CBCT?
D*',.%/6,
+ ,X?$1:2'(l/.3N$%/0%/*5/0-D+f
3R?
*51/2
N,0
WCT*s,0
CB'Kd 1e0/2?$
,0-g/2f
6+-*51]N$%+,2wD
z!/2CBCI?
*+,.1/2
'f¤o;\«e%fcN$
o¦0.¦ -K
t³o+«@v G 6 shf gH·¶ ´@²5µ¹'®0± OfQ'i5¶Q±³e² P9²+±³²¹I¸ Q.¯T5¯ j·¶R¸¹7® SRU¶ Q.k· `ml;n S²'p ¯ ogKO[P8`.qsrB`²+±³²¹¸ SRU¶ Q.·a°ctµ Q¸A² u:jµ%²s5 vnQ@wµ SUx8²
n¸ xQ.¶R¸y
² QzvFµ%'® u@U¶ Q{S^µ%®@·s¯T¶D¹sU¶ Q@F· S²¹n¸ x2|· Q.b± QIW.¶R²55 QzvBSUx8f² gO[P!`9,f c)] J«2K 0«)y+$%/6
h«K K f¤o+¦27¦ 6.}0¬K
N:;,0-D,0"-B\^?"-*E/6CB,.D
e<,.
61, +}?7?;wwEK '1K /2$%Y ?;Y2',0%%,0
,0$, ?@/2C)0K 6%C
t³o'¬.v % K¡c,.--4,0
~ % K=,0$,0,0
gf P!x²I· OX®.^· j®.± f,;:@,.-,2"-E,0 ](;S; JT#VSV YSYSY _ MCD(M_ RCQ7 V:>oDO> X:l VK>@DBV K
o'¬9o
o'¬8 v )

t³o;vFw*'- z!|G+"h,.Y20K61,+@?'?;/2%*5-}%*5-D*5-K 1/6?$%*'53Q/6$1Y20K

'?;%*'-*'- ?
t³o+§@v 4K ¡c,0
Y9f I~K 6Y2,0
&MK #,0
(0fX DCT 6-D
Y 4©D
/@ºw$1+z!/2-/6?$ )],0$V.$
\ .4£ z;)|e%fO¡ zA: 66.¦f61, +}?7?@$13R*.K ?
%%0K MV ?@$13Rs* ?@$13R*+7 620¦K 2C)-^f0?
I .02K

t³o -vE¡-/@(8¤f Kf ,2

IK 2,0*5/6"%/2
gf 1N,2
/6C !,2$1-( #'%+*'1/2
Y6,.1+G,;( 3Q/6$
z!/6
Y01%/6
N:0/2,2
*5[ IKo TK ¬9f ?Y2?% o¦0¦2«f gK «0¦ -}¬o«K O:@,0-D,0"- ,0
61, +}?7?;wwEK D*5D$'K /2$%Y ?;&/@(, ?@,2$% ?@$%+m ?;$1gK 2C)-

t³o 6@/v cKG¡-/@(gfwIKw#?CBCB,0M,2

e cK 8
V.$'yf N,21:0XO+, +,2
©,.-Y0/6$1%C3Q/2$u
*'$%+,0%D
Y%
$%/2"?1
+G/.3 1 W w,2*5%:2M>8??FCB,0
,0Y0CT
6%[f?"C)11gK
t³o+¦@/v 3HK#¡9?¤5f yXK 3c$3Q/6'f IKEP?/f K#H?gfB<XK 3,2
Yf )UKI+$%-,ff wLDCB,0*'d/03ZCI?-1D/6 wD$1'
-+I*s,2

+-!/6
z %$1/6?Y2?T,2
U-/2%[f tµ Q+¸ QZv/GIH2H2H GtR N ;OJfy .20«K4O:@,.-D,0"-Z,0

wwEK *'+K ?*5-D,K +,? ?@w

Y ?@?"-*+,.1/2m
?@?"-D*',01/2
gK 6%C)-

t .@Bv K 'D

,0
+
gfy¡*K &w,0V.$'*f 4*K 4l'D%+1f _K 4|$1/*5-D,;OV2f %%?$%+|3Q/6$1,0$D
DY & Y6$1/6?[fHN¡ z
2..¦ -f 2?
o¦0¦2¦K

t o5Bv K N+

,0

,2
FK#?+$%
gf{[2 1D
Y2- $,.% $%' *'/0-/2${CB,0$V.$%[f O¡ z 0§0.¦ -f
61, +}?7?@$13R*.K ?
%%0K MV ?@$13Rs* ?@$13R*+ 0§0¦ -8K 2C)|- 6'K¤o¦0¦2¦K

t 0 ;Bv K 'D

,0

,0
IK #?$1D
gf [0 ~G/ $%,01 $%' *'/0-/2$ CB,0$V.$%[f O¡ z 0§07¦ 6f
61, +}?7?@$13R*.K ?
%%0K MV ?@$13Rs* ?@$13R*+ 0§0'¦ 6K 2C)|- 6'K¤o¦0¦2¦K

t .«@v ):K yK '(CB,0

gf6MK.IK.H,0V8CB,0
),0
BFK2<K 'D,2$%+f _
'`CT+%/)3Q/6$y,0
,0-(%
Y#3Q++",2*sV2
",21X$%/0%/*5/0-Dwd,2-*+,.1/2
%/J+
Y2
++$%
YuG+"d%$, ] *I/@:2+$%B
61$%
'%[f Gtµ Q¸ 2L/N_O

`cb¶ W.¯ #² S^µs¶R¸5¹|f 6+,011-0f4o+¦0¦ -8K

t @¬.$v zG$%D1%,2

#?%+CB,KO/2?%
Y)D
h%E
6%+$
'+Mf !$%+
61D*5 ,0--f$1-yo+¦2¦2K 0
!1/2
+Go¦0¦2¦K

t 0;vET0K 2,0*'/2"%/2
¤K z!/2
Y0+%1/2
L,;:0/0D,2
*5 ,2
L*'/2
6%$%/0-KX
L/NKO `G N ;O{O .f!,.Y0T. -@« : 6'6f
o7¦ 676K

t .§@v )XK &M/K 0/2

%/2
¤5f )KTIBK )],0-t 0f )K zK ?g{f KTT5K .+%*s+:;,9f %w #(
,0C)D* 6/2?$*5Ò/6?
D
Y !$%/0%/*5/0-|3Q/6$ )W/6"- N /* N+~!/6$%V8 U\ X6Ee}[fdd !¡ )X G 4d/6$%V6D
Y #$1/6?
"!
#$ < !GE NN¡yMf4,;:@,.-,2"-B,.F6%%, +}?7?@wwEK '13K /6$1YY ?;D
2%+$
'1}$%,.3Q% ?@$,@3Q1'13 }CB,0
'~$
# $ %
-8K O oM¡"$%?,0$%(0f .22 K
& %
t ' -vE!YK %E-+

$%/*sVcK $j#² j²5¶ · WB l;n S²'¯T¹2K 0/2
4©-+(0f ' =/2$V9fgo.¦ -.§K
' ( )!
t : 6@v 4K N/6?$1D

,2
¡K84/6",.Y2^_f 1 CB$%/@:8
YE% y+$13Q/2$CB,0
*'w/.3¤
61$%,2*51:0 zaN-D*',01/2

?%D
hY 6+$%:8*' #bc$1
2%,01/2
[f Gtµ Q¸¹²A² u.¶ .· W.X QzvGtH1H2H G5· vnQI¸ Q.¯Tf N' =/2$VcYf c 8I,f 2?
I .22 K
*
+ , -!
t .¦@vET,K ),K =,2$%VZ,0

f )U8K ,K z!/6$%%/2
g1f %P+CB/6$%,0--(6 x $$1uO/6?1D
YhO-Y0/2$%%C \^ x NFe!:2+$1/2
l<o +
3R?
*51/2
,.-¤*579*',01/2
[f
61$%
'w$,@3Q'f9$%,.3Q}+3 ~CB,0
+}1/2$,@~*s~o0K +f6?Y2?%Eo+¦27¦ 6K
t «0@vETYK TMK =,2$%VB,2
~ ),K cNK z!/2$%/2
g_f %S9+$13Q/2$C),2
*5M*5/6
,2$1D1/6
/03P%#%+CB9/2$,.--(6}/2$+$%+ $%/2?1D
Y
,0-Y2/2$%C ,0
J,.-P-D
V2}%%,01F$%/2?%
Y2[f Gtµ Q¸²¹A² u@¶ · W@ QZvGIH2H2H `,l@¯Y° Q@¹¶ j¯ Q.[· N2Q@¯,° jMS}²'µ¹T®@m· u
N2Q@¯)5 ¯ j·¶R¸¹:® SÛ¶ Q@·9,f 0?
o+¦27¦ 6K
.
t «o5$v z'K N:K y$%V6D

=,0
h cK0F'K #,2'_f % /* x
8E C),2
#%%,2
*5Oy*5%/2$O\ x OFePO/2?%
Y2[f2d !¡
)] G 4l/2$V2D
YL#$%/2?L $ < !GE #NO¡yMf<,;:@,.-D,0"-Z/6
a6%%, +}?7?@wwEK '13K /6$1YY ?;D
2%+$
'1
$,@3QA ?.$,@3Q}'3 ~CB,0
+~,./:6¹o0o0K +fo+y¦ 2?
2f9 .22 K
/ & /
v )
'o ¬6«
t «2 ;v$zKYK.y$%V6D
G,0
~yK&,.Y0,.+f* NY2-( (
,2C)*#+%1D
,01/2
8~1>8?+
*'+Z%%,2
*5':2+*'1/2$G$%/2?1
D
YJ\UX.OIe=3Q/2$wC)/2"-F*5/6C)?1$%[f GµtQ¸¹²¹²Iu.¶ ·.W./QZv`YG N O{OWf9gK9 .«0¬. @¬2¬fo¦0¦0¬K

,
t «0«@vyK,<+,fmK,!%$%Y00fm)UKm&,0
+N,2
W¡K!8,.--G,2
^f%
'~G/2$Vu%CT?-D,.1/6$Obc$1
61D,.1]%+$1
:8D*5+DCB-+C)+
6%,01/2
[f x
h dyf N/2$%1+- N+~!/6$%V8+fY2?-(h 0§f .20K

t «.¬.v/cK')UK.O/6%+fY`9¶ ¯5j±³®7SR¶UQ.·f8«0$BG%/6

gf2*',2+C)D*$!$%+''f 8,2
8E 'Y2/f.P/2
/6
g:f &/2%1/6
gf ' =/2$Vcf
6(
'(0fP/2V6(2/fP/2$%/2
61/9f8 002 K
!
t «2;v/cK78,28?gf yK ,.D

gBf zK #/2'f.TK¡D$1/2?T,0
B TK;¡K@4/@O%-'([f@[ x
I,0*s':@,0"-1$1:8D*5<³b+$%+
61D,.%/6
w%Z1/6V.+

h"?*sV0'CB,0$V2D
YT3Q/2$w zG[f !$%/*.K z;) 8 % )D!O z( W 2,f 8,2
2, z!-D,0$,f zGI^f 0?

000K
t «0§@v &MK 8V8,2$'/f cK %F,.-(2,2
,0$,0CB,0
A,0
% K cK=,21%/0-D,Df N
S
61+Y2$,.1 )W/'-I3Q/2$WLH,.1
*5(
,2
81+,2(6Z 8%,.%hw$1/6?Y2?B/.3# z z!/2

+*'1/2
[f w²5µ vnQ.µs¯B®.·ç¹{² HG´;®0@± j:® SÛ¶ Q@·9f:cK ¬2§f<
/9K @
«fgKo+«0¦.o;@¬9Yf 61CI"9+$O 00o2K

t .« -v y,K 6D

,f Q:jMSR¶ · Wu®.m· u~SRµ%®.·}M° Q@nµ S<±® l0²'µw°9tµ Q7S QA¸ Q.± 1 vnQ.Xµ Ty¶ µ%²+±³²5E·#² S+T1Q@Aµ VsMf !gK )Kw+%D'Mf c#
:cK/.3
~--D
/2w,0; c#$%",0
,.# zG,2CB,.Y2
gf z!/6C)?1$ 8*5+
*'0f9 00o0K
t 7« 6@v )Kyw,.-+$+2f )0K !%%$%
g1f T2K )W+(0$u+\ !1/6$%'e%f<7[ &/2$+$B#,.1+G,;9( )]?-%*+,0%/ G$1/21/*5/2-+\ &O )\Oe +
G$1/21/*5/2- 89+*'³79*+,.%/6
[f@
61$%
'* #$,@3Q $%,.3Q}+3 ~"Y2CB8~*s~2 0f;G/2$VD
)$1/2Y2$%+'f N/@:2+CT"$
000K

t «0¦@vFI|K KN1+$"fgF8K )UKcN1+$"y,0

D N!K 3c+,;:6K y$3Q/6$%CB,2
*5E/03!/@G+$1~*5/2
6$1/2--+Zw+",2
]%+$1
$%+%%$%,0-gY2,.-4*'/2CBCI?
*+,.%/6
g1K GtH2H1H Pµ%®@·5®2#¸ SÛ¶ Q@·/ Q@[· N0Q.¯T5¯ j·¶R¸¹7® SRU¶ Q.·sf¬9o0\R¬e + 00¦ 8§2¦f6N$%-
o¦0¦0«K

t ¬2@v ),K 4|,.z CB,0

gf z,K =,2$1$1DY20f,2
f cK NmK ++$%
Y9^K #%%,2
*5Iy+*5%/2$ )]?-1D*',21ON/2?%
~Y !$%/0%/8*'/0-f
Oy¡ zSo. -.I+%/6
gf¤o+'¦ 676K

,0}/*M
+~!/6$%V8+fco2o0o Y2$%+gf«0¬
N}/*E$%/0%/*5/0-D
h*5-f«76
x OTf¤o0o; d11 606 Ko f9o.-
X.OTf4o0o;
X6Ff¤o2o+« d11 606 Ko'¬9f9o. -
x NIf¤o0o« d11 606 K «fo+ -
OY2+
6 d11 606 K ¦fo+ -
P/2t )W/6
1/2$+^f -8o d11;606 Ko0o0f9o 0«
x OTf¤o0o2o0fo0o; z% fgo 0«

,;OVcf«0« zG cf¤o; .«
*'/2CB?%
Y ,;:2+$,.Y2++f2«0« NyHFf¤o; .«
%%,2
,0$h':8D,.1/2
¤f«0« y cf¤o 0«
&8Mmf -o 4/*',0-¤,0$%+,)
'~G/2$V8'fo+-
-/8/2¤f¬ -
z&Ff9 0 4/2I )W/2
1/6$'^f -o
*5
6%$,.- ++g,f -o )] z
CT?-%*+,0%'f§ - d 1606 Ko0o2fo 0«
*5/6
879
*5MD
61+$%:@,.-D'fgo«0¦ $%/01/*'/0-D'fo+ -
zG$%t )]*+,0%'f.§ -,f -8o
z()] ?<z)f¤o+' 6 CT/6
1/2$
&/@EfM6.-
'3R,0?-%O,0$,0C)'%+$'f^-
8?CI"9+$/03%+1/2
'fo
#+
%X )W/0f§ -8,f -o >8?+?2f¬2«
bc$1
61D,.1J1$1:8D*5++f¦0« >8?+?E% +0f9o
b%+$%:f¦0« >8?+?2f )Ufc 0§
)$1/21/*5/2-^f'§ 6 >8?+?2f 1)mf -'-

/6
M
%%$1/*.fc' - w
/@Ef 0
X.OIfPo0o2o0fo0o; CT/6
1/2$1~>6?+?2fo
X6Ff¤o2o0o0fgo2o+« )W 1)f¦0¬
O )W yf§ -8,f -8o CI?-1D*',21
&8M,f -8o
+$$%/2$C)/8'-f¬6 *5
2$%,0- 'gf.§ -^f -8o
<+$
+'fgo+' 6 zG$1I )]*',21+f.§ -,f -8o
=9/2

61D,.- x
8 x bHf o
%X )W/0f§ -8,f -8o
3R,.-D?$1 )$%/0%/*5/0-f7§ 6
/03H-
V6+f§0§ O )] yf.§ -,f -8o
/03
/'f§2§ <Z )JE )Uf.§ -,f -8o
&/@CT/6
1/2$+Mf 6.- <Z )Jz )Uf§ -
¡y$ yfgo+¦ !$?
C)'/6?',f -o
O+
# +:0/2? y/2
6+f.§ -
Y2
8?-/2'f«.- $1/6?1D
Y9f§0§
o'¬2¬
# h o'¬8
8,0$1)W/2f§.- "%'K %*5-fm-o
) b+K *5-f¤o+6

>8??FC)/2
1/6$1D
Yf 0§ $%,0-K *5-f^62

,0%,2"2(8%++f:6 5go0K %*'-^f 2

,0%,2,0*sVcf' - 5 K %*'-^f§2«

+~!/6$%V (6,0C)D*'+f§0§ 5«K %*'-^fY¬ -

$%5C)"6(6%++f: 6 DC)CZK %*'-^fc7§ 6

$%5C),0*sV0''f: 6 $%$1/6gK *5-f¬2«

8?CI"9+$/03%+%/6
$1gK %*5-fM6.-
C)/2
%/2$+fo $1:o2K *5-f«0
%/2$%1OgK *5-fM6.-
/29+
¤f¦fgo; %/2$%%w*'¤K *5-fo
%/2$%%w*'9 K %*5-f: 6
=,0$%'%/ x
x bf o %*+2( )K %*5-f¤o; @¬
9+$%-^f«6 O$1-D1}:K %*5-fgo0o -
$1/6?Y2?5,0CB-0f9«2 %*5-P%*+$1D%
&£%,2"-0f¦6 CBCZo2K *5-f¤o+«o

<Z )W )Uf§ -8^f -8o CBCZoVcK *5-f¤o+«2«
<Z )WZ )f.§ - zyfgo+¦
$%
6+f¦ ,0*sV8
/@w-+Y2+C)+
6'f8«0¦
$?
2f7§ 6 *5/6
Y01%/6
wD
/@Ef¬o
!$?
C)+/2?+,f -8o +*'$%D1/2
gf«2¦
/2
0f'-
>8?+? -/6%%++f8¬2
)Uo0f4o+«0« /2" *5%:2++f8«2¦
)D)o0f4o+«0« 1(
*M,2*sV.+%+f6¬9o
)\)o0fgo+«o %$%+/2- f¬9o
>8?+?FCT/6
1/2$+f8¬2« %$%/2?Y2?'f¬2§
>8?+?5~1 ' 1DC)+$+f¬2
C)/2
%/2$+fo w
/@Ef«0¦
$,0
/6Chf¬- %$%/2?Y6?
$,0
/6Cz:@,0$%,2"- zyf¬2§

Y2+
$%,01/2$+f .¦ x NFfgo2o+«
%'gf .¦ x N ?@Z )D1fco2o0o
$,0
/6Cz:@,0$%,2"-++f 0¦fgo«o0fo«.- %$,0*5
D%%$%"?1/2
gf¤o.« - Y2$%+gf'« 6
<9/2
+
61D,.-fgo+« -
%$,0*'M$1:0
u$%:, ] *0f o
Y6,0CBCB,fgo+'« 6 %$,0*'5~,.--^fo
-/0Y6
/2$CB,.-fco7« 6 %$,0*'5~>6?+?2f 0¦
C)/2C)
2'fgo.« - w
/@A% +0fY¬ -

/6$%CB,0-^fgo7« 6 %$, ] *
=9/2

2%,0- x
8 x bHf o
=,2$1+1/fo.« - =,0$%'%/ x
8 x bHfc o
Tmf -0 %$,0*'M$1:0
gf o
O
# +:0/6?$ y/0D
6'f.§ -
O x f¦0¬ cyf9 .
?

8,2$%% )W/0f§ -
h*5-f«76
%*'-g7-+ w
/@
o'¬6§ #
)C /2
%/2$+f 0
Y2$,0¤f8«'6

NS Simulator For Beginners PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

NS Simulator For Beginners PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

 

F xt=9=D?"*-1;?C1;*^%5%BC0;:R6D.h%h%!,/?"%-;B":<?"=E3;.+1;:R6/84,/.-0;*+8ª6/84:  12° &'V'K.+@Q@R%-14<3 A½p.+,N:¶4%!@QO;B":!|   12° &IH

1!1!B°B° &Y& H% Ve°XP+±;¯YR+©YZ RKH [

4& °6%!©a1:&²a²6/O7;® &($2°±4¯6%!°24254¯;°

6/`8;%-:,D?C%!O24,D.;Bg:'K=:34%-*=04,/:E®26D² .7 H4n©;: 2² %!44dBge:F1h6/69.78;%:<½%!:\n'.6t!3;:G?C,D:K:¶4'K%-6D@RB"Å7O4Bg:E%-,D6/?C84%!;:\=/B":\:<=%!:,/¶;: 6D4:\,9©+14¯ %! EBP%!6D.5143 ?"6 4n©+qs¯ :<n82%`!:F6D.534:\'KBC%!,/:F6/84:\=/:

:;4-± 5'&46° 1©;²a² &($2° ±4¯ /;° 7(5B; H2°+¯61 &>/!²a²

I %!;B":Q! ;}I&'KBO2,D.-*-,9%!@ p.-,&'.-@QO40;6/?"14*QO2,D?C@R:<1+02@ n:\,9=

1!©-®4°Y)G7>1'a©%=&%. & %-² 

±4¯6% ©%=&+¯9/©;²'* P+*

¯;+ 2° &2542¯ 7 R-¯;° 1:5nB² &

I%-;B":R- w2}I&'KB=/?"@QO;B":FO4,/.!*-,9%!@ p.+,&'K.+@RO20;6D?C1;*V6/84:NpX%-'K6/.-,/?"%!B.p%V1a04@A2:,

°a©a² /7>1=&+±40¯ % 1:5B; * P+*

°a©a² /7>1=&+R ±41°;¯0²% ;6/O5n7>²81:&>&4/±n©+¯² 4* ©aP²852+°*

O7'&;°-®4°+¯ R/O71°;1=&+²±4 ¯6/O7>% 1:4& 4/ >©+¯/:4;4°©a* ²8P52+° *

1-±!5-°B&& 12;©; ²8R52!S±° R 4Vr°X©aP+8² ±452¯°  ¯6B5(7 4 <R24 [

R-¯;°a©;² 1:5B; R-¯;°a©;² 

R-¯;°a©;² 4 / >/=4aQ ° R-¯;°a©;² 

1!1!2°2° && /O/O7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯  VXVX7474°!°!«« OO7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯ [ [

1!°2& /O7'&4°-®;°+¯ VX74°!« O7'&4°-®;°+¯ 3 [

R6/O7'&4°!®4°+¯ ; 5nB² &>/±2² YR6/O7-&4°-®4°+¯ 

±4B° 7 &($2° &;¯;© %!4 °  /!²+°

R87>1 72O© ;9&;¯;© %6° +©;²a² R872:© ;  /!²+°

R87 1 ;8² 5>1:$ 8&;¯;© %!°

q&6D.V?"Bg=9¨')28;:R:\32040;=/Bg:\:F3ª:\6/!.h:1-'69%!=Bg3:K¶4O; B"/O? 7<'?g/(6/1OBgÅ-$ R%6N6D?C@A:h -jV=D:'>de123;::3 ½6/8;:QB© &o@R:698;.;3M.p698;:A=/?C@ 0;BC%6/.-,t%!Bg".q>=>04=

; <;  - $%1 *!16#$(

q>O4,/8;.-?CO4')8¼%!*-@R%!6D:\?"%-.-1415=N3;6/:\84B"%`%!Åh6G%!1;14.;3o3;:%Q=?'R=%-7 O4J %!'%!?g146rÅV3 .!R8p7 h

Queue Delay TTL

9/; 5n²+©2&-¯ O/ 7>1=&-±4¯6% B52°B52°6+²6/;/:&4* 7 7 Ã²6/;j/:&,+

!1 °2& 1'/7;¬ VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+  9/O7;¬ [

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

!R1 ( a°2&&-°B±&(a5(-&±Ã©B±&-&4© ©VX47%:$°!«+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ RB%!&©2&>%± / %88797-+ 27 ° %=&[ / B7

I%-;B": 4 4}I&8;:<3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p%-1^|¨I~%-O4O;B"? '\%6D?".-1^04=/?"14*Q%QIts~%*-:\1+6

~s?C1Y,/.!I6/%!.;;'KB".!: ?B &;%!7%143 o6/It84s:V~ .-1;%:5*-:\041+=/6E:\3 2:\+6rÅbqs:\s:\#1Y

.-,93;:I&,´8;p:.+,D,:t6/%-8;,D:<:G%-% ')(a1a1;04.@Aq&2Bg::,´3;*!:%!@R,/?C%!:\1+1+6/6/==´.6D.VpP6/,/84::G6904It,/1hs~6D.VO469,D8;.-:<6D.;=/'K.-.-04B ,9a'K=9:-04')85%!=I%!8;.a: +>:1;.  t:\q>,D:1;. +}:*+%!=\I&84:

1!2° & 1'/7;¬ VX72°!« a®48° 7'&6+  9/O7;¬ [ 

!R81 7> a°2&°B1 &(55a©2&(±Ã4!±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&> C/ R8B57[ 4!±

!1 °2& 7-52²a² VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 252²a²X[

R% H;¯ 1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J 9/ . J;° , H J J J

I %-;B": ; w4}I&8;:F3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p}%Vs# %!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-1h04=D?C1;*5%RtkG~%*-:\1+6

R% H; ¯ 12° & /O7'&4°+¯ 4©;² J . J J 3 

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B&QH(54¯91=& 8&>/;½° J J ;u1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° & /:44²+° B& /;½° J J ;j1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° &Ã¯a2© &4° J J ¬

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B& 1O$2©!±2° 2 j. 3

I&8;:m2B":t=98;.-04B"3Qn:>?"1Q;?C14%-,DÅ p.-,9@R%!6%!143Q'.-1+6/%!?"1A?"1+6/:\, O4%-')(:\66/?"@R:>?C1Q@Q=D:'&%!143QO4%-')(:6=/?"f:&?C1R+Åa6D:=

I&8;:<de1M=9').+8;04:\,E320;=DBg?C:@Q,O;?"B"=>:R=/:6/%-¶4,D%!6/@Q:\3hO;B"q>:8;q:\1o:R,9=9048;14.-1;04?CB"1;3Y*V=/14')8;= :434? 0;:-B"}6:Q/6/848;,/:Q.-0;2*+:\85*!?C69148;1;:<?C1;'K*ª.+@R%!14@Q3¼%-14:\3143YR=7>.1p6/2¯ 8;5-:Q7|}I~%!143¼6/8;:7s#

&pXI ,/.-8a@04=E6/6/?"84@R:R:<|}4I"E~6D?"q&Bg´?"Bg nn:Vj %! 'K%!6/Bg?g-04:R1;32?"6/04=>,D?C%-1;,D*^:GpX?",/1o.-@£=/:\'6/.-?"14@R34:o=@/! 76/?gB"> 2 7%-143Y6/8;:7s#q&?"B 2:V%!'6D?"!:V3404,/?C1;*

!1 °2& 7>1 VX72°« 6/;65n²+©B&+¯ [

!R81 7>°2 ±4&1 °B27727 ©O©O;;9&(2$&; ¯;°!/ ©²+°%°6+V !©;;&±2²a¯;°B²

!1 °2& 1'/;7 ¬ VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+  9/O7;¬ [

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

!R1 ( a°2&&-°B±&(a5(-&±Ã©B±&-&4© ©VX47%:$°!«+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ RB%!&©2&>%± / %88797-+ 27 ° %=&[ / B7

1R8!7> a°2&°B1 &(5a5©2&(±Ã4!±4& ©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&> C/ R8B57[ !4 ±

!1 °2& 7-25 ²a² VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 225 ²a²X[

R% H;¯ 1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J 9/ . J;° , H J J J

R87>1 ©2&  3 . J  /O7</21:$

 , !   -j

.p¨6/84:<1;.;3;:\=&%-=?"1^|¨?g*n ; ;q:E%-343;:3h6/.Q6/8;:F69'KB=9',/?"O46&6/8;:Ep.-Bg".q&?"14*AB"? 14:\=\

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 CR87 +¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 YR87

-6/84h:<+2Å+:\6/*!:\?C=N14q>1;?C8;1;:\*V,/:\.%-p=>.-69048;,&:R=9It',/s?"O4~Ë6:O4¶%!!')(!6/:'K6>B ?C=G.p´=/?gf\:Rj-j V+Åa6D:=FI.7.-46/%?C1ª698;:R'.!B".-,9= nqs:R84%!3¼6D.^3;:Kmn14:A?C1

R87>1%a² + ¯  °(8² 524 °

F xt343;?C1;*R%!1435,/:\@R.a?C1;*<@Q%!,9(+=\ Y:G'%!17@R%-,/(R% 14.a34:N%6%F*!?"!:1Q6D?C@R:  p.-,s:K¶4%!@QO;B":t%6s6/8;:E=9%!@R:

F xt=9=D?"-1;?C1;^%5%BC0;:R6D.h%h%!,/?"%-;B":<?"=E3;.+1;:R6/84,/.-0;*+8ª6/84: 12° &'V'K.+@Q@R%-14<3 A½p.+,N:¶4%!@QO;B":!| 12° &IH

1!1!B°B° &Y&H% Ve°XP+±;¯YR+©YZ RKH [

4& °6%!©a1:&²a²6/O7;® &($2°±4¯6%!°24254¯;°

6/`8;%-:,D?C%!O24,D.;Bg:'K=:34%-*=04,/:E®26D² .7H4n©;: 2² %!44dBge:F1h6/69.78;%:<½%!:\n'.6t!3;:G?C,D:K:¶4'K%-6D@RB"Å7O4Bg:E%-,D6/?C84%!;:\=/B":\:<=%!:,/¶;: 6D4:\,9©+14¯ %!EBP%!6D.5143 ?"6 4n©+qs¯ :<n82%`!:F6D.534:\'KBC%!,/:F6/84:\=/:

:;4-± 5'&46° 1©;²a² &($2° ±4¯ /;° 7(5B; H2°+¯61 &>/!²a²

I %!;B":Q! ;}I&'KBO2,D.--,9%!@ p.-,&'.-@QO40;6/?"14QO2,D?C@R:<1+02@ n:\,9=

1!©-®4°Y)G7>1'a©%=&%. & %-²

±4¯6% ©%=&+¯9/©;²'*P+*

I%-;B":R- w2}I&'KB=/?"@QO;B":FO4,/.!-,9%!@ p.+,&'K.+@RO20;6D?C1;V6/84:NpX%-'K6/.-,/?"%!B.p%V1a04@A2:,

°a©a² /7>1=&+±40¯ % 1:5B; *P+*

°a©a² /7>1=&+R ±41°;¯0²% ;6/O5n7>²81:&>&4/±n©+¯² 4*©aP²852+°*

O7'&;°-®4°+¯ R/O71°;1=&+²±4 ¯6/O7>% 1:4& 4/ >©+¯/:4;4°©a*²8P52+° *

1-±!5-°B&& 12;©; ²8R52!S±° R 4Vr°X©aP+8² ±452¯° ¯6B5(7 4 <R24 [

R-¯;°a©;² 1:5B; R-¯;°a©;²

R-¯;°a©;² 4 / >/=4aQ ° R-¯;°a©;²

1!1!2°2° && /O/O7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯ VXVX7474°!°!«« OO7'7'&4&4°-°-®;®;°+°+¯¯ [ [

R6/O7'&4°!®4°+¯ ; 5nB² &>/±2² YR6/O7-&4°-®4°+¯

±4B° 7 &($2° &;¯;© %!4 ° /!²+°

R87>1 72O© ;9&;¯;© %6° +©;²a² R872:© ; /!²+°

R87 1 ;8² 5>1:$ 8&;¯;© %!°

q&6D.V?"Bg=9¨')28;:R:\32040;=/Bg:\:F3ª:\6/!.h:1-'69%!=Bg3:K¶4O; B"/O? 7<'?g/(6/1OBgÅ-$ R%6N6D?C@A:h -jV=D:'>de123;::3 ½6/8;:QB© &o@R:698;.;3M.p698;:A=/?C@ 0;BC%6/.-,t%!Bg".q>=>04=

; <; - $%1 *!16#$(

q>O4,/8;.-?CO4')8¼%!*-@R%!6D:\?"%-.-1415=N3;6/:\84B"%`%!Åh6G%!1;14.;3o3;:%Q=?'R=%-7 O4J %!'%!?g146rÅV3 .!R8p7 h

9/; 5n²+©2&-¯ O/ 7>1=&-±4¯6% B52°B52°6+²6/;/:&4* 7 7 Ã²6/;j/:&,+

!1 °2&1'/7;¬ VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

!R1 (a°2&&-°B±&(a5(-&±Ã©B±&-&4© ©VX47%:$°!«+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ RB%!&©2&>%± / %88797-+ 27 ° %=&[ / B7

I%-;B": 4 4}I&8;:<3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p%-1^|¨I~%-O4O;B"? '\%6D?".-1^04=/?"14Q%QIts~%-:\1+6

~s?C1Y,/.!I6/%!.;;'KB".!: ?B &;%!7%143 o6/It84s:V~ .-1;%:5*-:\041+=/6E:\3 2:\+6rÅbqs:\s:\#1Y

.-,93;:I&,´8;p:.+,D,:t6/%-8;,D:<:G%-% ')(a1a1;04.@Aq&2Bg::,´3;!:%!@R,/?C%!:\1+1+6/6/==´.6D.VpP6/,/84::G6904It,/1hs~6D.VO469,D8;.-:<6D.;=/'K.-.-04B ,9a'K=9:-04')85%!=I%!8;.a: +>:1;. t:\q>,D:1;. +}:+%!=\I&84:

1!2° &1'/7;¬ VX72°!« a®48° 7'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

!R81 7>a°2&°B1 &(55a©2&(±Ã4!±&4©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>C/ R8B57[ 4!±

!1 °2& 7-52²a² VX72°!«a®4°87'&6+ 252²a²X[

R% H;¯1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J9/ . J;° ,H J J J

I %-;B": ; w4}I&8;:F3;:Km1;?g6/?g.+1^.p}%Vs# %!O2O;Bg?C'%!6D?".-1h04=D?C1;5%RtkG~%-:\1+6

R% H; ¯ 12° & /O7'&4°+¯ 4©;² J . J J 3

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B&QH(54¯91=& 8&>/;½° J J ;u1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° & /:44²+° B& /;½° J J ;j1

R 1854¯ %!° 1!B° &Ã¯a2© &4° J J ¬

R 1854¯ %!° 1!°B& 1O$2©!±2° 2j. 3

I&8;:m2B":t=98;.-04B"3Qn:>?"1Q;?C14%-,DÅ p.-,9@R%!6%!143Q'.-1+6/%!?"1A?"1+6/:\, O4%-')(:\66/?"@R:>?C1Q@Q=D:'&%!143QO4%-')(:6=/?"f:&?C1R+Åa6D:=

I&8;:<de1M=9').+8;04:\,E320;=DBg?C:@Q,O;?"B"=>:R=/:6/%-¶4,D%!6/@Q:\3hO;B"q>:8;q:\1o:R,9=9048;14.-1;04?CB"1;3YV=/14')8;= :434? 0;:-B"}6:Q/6/848;,/:Q.-0;2+:\85!?C69148;1;:<?C1;'Kª.+@R%!14@Q3¼%-14:\3143YR=7>.1p6/2¯ 8;5-:Q7|}I~%!143¼6/8;:7s#

&pXI ,/.-8a@04=E6/6/?"84@R:R:<|}4I"E~6D?"q&Bg´?"Bg nn:Vj %! 'K%!6/Bg?g-04:R1;32?"6/04=>,D?C%-1;,D^:GpX?",/1o.-@£=/:\'6/.-?"14@R34:o=@/! 76/?gB"> 2 7%-143Y6/8;:7s#q&?"B 2:V%!'6D?"!:V3404,/?C1;

!1 °2& 7>1 VX72°« 6/;65n²+©B&+¯ [

!R81 7>°2 ±4&1 °B27727 ©O©O;;9&(2$&; ¯;°!/ ©²+°%°6+V !©;;&±2²a¯;°B²

!1 °2&1'/;7 ¬ VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 9/O7;¬ [

R87>1%87-72°%=& R8& %`±SR 1'/O7a¬

!R1 (a°2&&-°B±&(a5(-&±Ã©B±&-&4© ©VX47%:$°!«+©-+®4±a4°B±n°+7-¯&Q²6/ RB%!&©2&>%± / %88797-+ 27 ° %=&[ / B7

1R8!7>a°2&°B1 &(5a5©2&(±Ã4!±4& ©©%:VX74$ °!-«©-®4a%°B®4B7'7-°B& 277'R8&°7+%=&>C/ R8B57[ !4 ±

!1 °2& 7-25 ²a² VX27 °!«a®4°87'&6+ 225 ²a²X[

R% H;¯1 °2 && ±2¯;©©24&%¬4°°B& J9/ . J;° ,H J J J

R87>1 ©2& 3 . J /O7</21:$

, ! -j

.p¨6/84:<1;.;3;:\=&%-=?"1^|¨?gn ; ;q:E%-343;:3h6/.Q6/8;:F69'KB=9',/?"O46&6/8;:Ep.-Bg".q&?"14AB"? 14:\=\

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 CR87 +¯ /°B7-&¯ /`®($'&85a±

R87>1 425+±n²+°XP+²6/O7;¬!±QR=7 YR87

-6/84h:<+2Å+:\6/!:\?C=N14q>1;?C8;1;:\V,/:\.%-p=>.-69048;,&:R=9It',/s?"O4~Ë6:O4¶%!!')(!6/:'K6>B ?C=G.p´=/?gf\:Rj-j V+Åa6D:=FI.7.-46/%?C1ª698;:R'.!B".-,9= nqs:R84%!3¼6D.^3;:Kmn14:A?C1

R87>1%a² + ¯ °(8² 524 °

F xt343;?C1;R%!1435,/:\@R.a?C1;<@Q%!,9(+=\ Y:G'%!17@R%-,/(R% 14.a34:N%6%F*!?"!:1Q6D?C@R: p.-,s:K¶4%!@QO;B":t%6s6/8;:E=9%!@R:

%!143h6D.Q*!?"!:F%R6/84:FB"%-2:\Bj!Its~?C14O40;6&B"? 12((R6/.VBg?C14(514 1 6rÅ;On:

F xt343;?C1;A6D:K¶;6\%!6´6/84:Nn.!6D6/.-@pX,9%!@R:>.pP698;: Gx £q&?C143;.q.+1;:t'\%!1V@Q%!(!:>6D:¶a6%!O4On:\%-,´%!6s%F-?g-:\1

F LG1;:F@R%`Å7pX04,/6/8;:,>%!343^?C1 Nx ³%V@R.+1;?g6/.-,/?"14*R.!p698;: Ìa0;:0;:<=D?"f:-|2.+,:K¶4%!@QO;B": 26D.5@R.-1;?"6D.+,&6/84:

|¨?"-04,/: ; w4Nx -,9%!O48;?C'G?"1+6/:\,DpX%!'K:

E'K.+Y,/,/=/:\?"=9@AOn.-0;14BC%3;6D?C?"1;.-R1b6D'\.Q%!16/84O4:F,D:.;!34:021+'K6/:5=&,/n:.!!6/?C8 =/6D:\698;,/:\:V3ha%?"=96&0469%8;B":<?C=/%!1;6D:?"6r.-q1Y.-6/,9,9(%!'K: p.-, Gx N%-=Eqs:\Bgs%!=F%!1b%-=/'?g¨m2B":V6/,9%!':

|?"-02,D: ; 2}I,/%-'K?C1;R.-ae:'K6/=?C1o%Q=D?C@QO;Bg:¶hB"? 12(

I&8;8;:<:1Y@R:\69%-,/%-1;'K?C1;?C1;-^=?".1+p¨6D6/.ª84%-:E1¼m2:.+BC0;346/=>O4%-04,D6<:-%!=9'K?"¨m2Bg: 698;:Q6/,9%!'K:Q?C=E.-,/-%-1;?gf\:\3¼?"1 7m2:\B"34=F%-=Gp.!B"g.q>=G?C1 |?"2 4 j4

Z J .. 44¯¯ .. .. JYJYJJ

¯ .. ÃÃ&©© ``±¬¬

¯ ... ÃÃ©© ``¬¬

&&© `±±¬ %. . . JY. J J

I%-;Bg: 4 j4|¨?C,/=/6&B"? 1;:=.p¨6/8;:F69,/%-'K:Gm2B":.-046 6/,eRO2,D.;3404':\3^+Å7:K¶- 69'KB

de6/1¼,9%!+':E:'K.-6D1;?".-B"Å71 %Q4g=/F02q4=D:<:\6&%BC.,D:p%!6/3;8;Åh:=D@A:- :1+6D?".-1;:3^84.qÃ6/.V6/,9%!'K:<%!Bg=D?C@ 0;BC%6/:\3^:-:\1+6/=\ : 1;.qË?C143;?C'%6/:Fq%`Å;=6/.

3;?C=/'\dr046Q=9=D?"=Q:37%!B"?C=/1M. +On:\.-'6D=9?"=/.-?";1oB":^w4 6Dv4. m2B"6D:\,Q:\!:1-69=Q04=D?C1;*b041;?g¶'K.+@Q@R%-1434=Rq&?"6/8;?C1 6/8;:o6/'B>=/'\,D?CO;6\I&8;?C=Qq&?gB">n:

de=/1?"@A%!0;34B"%!346D?g?C6/1;?g.+*V1 %Q6/,/.%-14?g693;=V.-@3;?"=/`6/%-,/?C,D4?C%!0;46D?"Bg.-:-1 698;:\,/:ª%!,/:h.-6/8;:,V%!=9O2:'K69=V6/84%!6Qqs:M1;:\:\36D.n:M'K.+14'K:,/1;:3.!pGq>8;:1

F kN.hqs:<q%!1+6>6/.7.+;6/%!?"1ª698;:A=9%!@R:A`%!B"04:<.p698;:R,9%!123;.-@ %!,/?"%-;Bg: q>8;:\1M,9041414?"1;h%-%!?"1o698;:A=/?C@

:Emn,/=/6&',/:\%!6D:F%Q1;:qË!:1;:\,9%6/.-,%!143o%!=9=/?g+156D.V?"6>%Q=D:\:\3 4=9%`Å ;q&?g698h698;:<'K.+@Q@R%-143

12° &¯ V?72°!« B© 7 40:;4©+9¯ /© Hn²+-° + ©+¯+2° &6X[

R!¯ 1!2° &Ã© a® J . J

R!¯ 1!2° &1:$2©!±4° 2.

4NÀ ½T[2 x 3;:*-:\1;:,/%!6D:3h,9%!1434.-@