Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 11.ME - Production & Manufacturing

    Uploaded by

    prasad
    17 views265 pages
    BOOK

    Original Title

    11.ME_Production & Manufacturing

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    BOOK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    17 views265 pages

    11.ME - Production & Manufacturing

    Uploaded by

    prasad
    BOOK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 265

    to

    -
    W
    fril
    Ttoo ,alurof* 'ui lf cn,nbine #1<-{fier a^ol ,8r, afloLl
    Lohq thL (a!/dihoDs
    )'
    \t't'
    1
    (.)-
    o*o
    -& I :i -, ",

    :- (',D 'tb r a;ffc,r, *i fn ahru;c s,4dfus sfio urtd be fess'


    f1.
    611
    -- kir"
    tr'; :

    a ('r,,!l') \/,tfunry
    c*'l>qo(/
    4 <-:btth 'tfi* rua.feiCs shauld" be e<rrz,
    ar?v,-cj erth e*z^boo-
    r.-r "*.aJL
    -{i: \.'-l re r ,. u
    -l

    " t.:'
    ,i,qi
    'Y l/t ^a?e*i q/s' e hq uH
    ^, be cananqmh?
    --U
    ,€.; Cx s-/at 6ttuc{a.rs bots ruaky;o/ ctil'/l b <,

    *Sl S4 r"'f E .

    *&

    F' FHnse D t4qp4 ^4


    -" Phae e &'ag*ro fe a 2/o t oti {"rrprealur<
    -E cor>tpos)hn -ltorcirg s (qb'liby at vryrrbus ohasu,
    6
    -..' "porZ
    ,.,'','^',1 .,!,::f/;qlii'.rao*d7 .&'',ra 'AffFo.t*ill ' . 'i:
    ffi,
    v ,,if,'''12/k''' b"; tlr'"'
    -e rxat*iy point ry ilr&
    ,E

    O ??mt< (o) @ (t)


    'v

    @
    /';\-^N-^

    hru7nruo.* @ o"r* ( fi*,{p)


    @ P+P
    @

    ts (''. ,,' l U nil^ry


    B u( ?t"ae_ A)anuq-
    B Cqt bon yt"a, <- dJ*777.ny
    -B
    (t-U
    l,yap r^j Fq
    -D .r -._J--
    a

    -1:,

    E1

    {t
    {r.#'; r?*ns,E D tAqR^M-E ts

    I r)
    Y.
    \.;
    rNARy ?n,+=, Drac{aAM (r= r;

    C-*yy * pht* tr-4","^ EJ

    J2E): Ma+e*ol. ushich qle *yL}.eW *hbtn th


    a
    - 1':

    the- 9:quid s t',a.te ar xr ell as sol\d" s1a12


    .E

    €MBRt'ilrLEMENr Cu -'N i
    : v

    1 j tt
    Liq'i
    (

    A
    ' Mushy Zr rx.
    rIqi I U
    tr E.{-rrldr}
    6
    109sc
    ?-

    t'

    t'

    loo"4
    co
    Ni ---> i
    too% (
    CA Nr (

    The ,0-, n c,sta-i cb


    qfea +h.L lrt":W x.oh( uri,fh th(
    e e epay
    s

    [iqtr:.1 f hare is cdba Liqudtt aLd d* hnr nl,ra c-k1


    (

    {
    sqe-**te< +ha_ llf 4y x.onz ruifh +ha s-o lid I hass t

    fs cort(e-d tt ,t1

    (
    f# nqL
    6':,

    -&,
    \{J

    <c rrff.* ?s th e n*.h; xo n e ,P n.a*exf otr, l4-sset u, t I

    -@ )orL ? * Pld&? *Ha ca 0ar2z rrq.To-tio n u! ll


    kon
    -€j bz rhe,e tn 1r"*- p*f e-,.ties 4 Xp llt]41ds p/uidif'
    - (l; , il '' , i i) cre-aaea ,A i"r,crea:,.0 {r} t"ru1ia-fut< b.d-
    -@ -lhan"e- i s a 8i *; f Fr,r c,a.)rr u.6'
    f# prc-tcfr c e
    e
    -e -t<-ry{' w, vis<v 'laqigr
    - €.t \'.,.r?roa+o,t- ?l'i6Vtr
    -G i, i' r:zrry\o2) v<ry/ ;rryPt"ro* , al*, o* bath t<up,u,a*u"e
    -6 i,, ,,'i -,1-rtrq- a;Yi wtTvale Fn H2-a^d.- Oz qnd a) ltt"
    _ffi
    i "i %a-n t*
    ) Ts" cnvivr7- o"+ it- crea-taa lal
    @

    _€i
    t2:\
    ^,j(/U\r(/0.\
    Lro.
    |
    'l
    % f,*
    1;
    t^nt, l^,**{=ffi ,it'f'.[}i]
    . *rP"r+ ?s cqllld ?in l-f o le- PA uro usi ft+
    ;tr
    _'Eir'

    s
    €
    (At- = h q'o4
    e,

    _e
    s
    e
    @
    @

    _e. . ,..:

    e t"rl
    @

    \: ,"- q,r*
    |
    @
    Cs- Cs
    @
    -@
    €a
    @

    @
    * Co" Cs cr%- G+A
    -@ Ms : t
    c.e -'cs (t- Ss
    -e
    o ? !*- (,-rr
    \s
    \' ; -J ailt€q"jk sfia b; S9 (:;;

    ' C.r- F-e r-r-r le- Y}


    -)
    .-:.,

    U pon s louol,-/ co otiraq tbe sanr_pta o? c_op7ev- a^d, n ick.-l ,r,


    G q.l
    at rq line- ,o#ttouc,; [;'***,
    A tJ.ru*a<z ri

    @ U* polrat- $cr " zn.ti*e- rv\;rcrp st-z-r_rc.Farc e^!i tt be in bh" v"

    t
    &uf d pt"ra,r z .' t, gooul a) lt^L **p*rd.*- dL**r^o, _
    u tmt? bdu,c -t{^{ !rgrr'&r pn^a , }, fia pan tt c l"
    --E#.ti"*"" ^) +il{ !-iocdd Y yyqi6}D - Upon' &crea*i^,
    w^iluAi€ A-' d
    tl.a- -f e rverv-a,J**(
    :.^;.l"Or-l ' ff:? pvtw-f b .tD c .
    Potto.i^, :
    o^*-, l^oz, oX\'a,..!r n by a"o;,*'";'";'"2 -
    '..o8tisb,,9).,,,|,.:........,."..a
    ' , "1 . ' j . ' . -' .-''
    rv."?r
    I
    \) lq<H'v-\

    G \ Tnr rvrr:rxo-r,r-{- s-oU d.


    lF :<'\
    nltc tectJe-e , :A
    ff' * rrfck te :

    phctae- ,:^ 'c.rrro-a:A


    *C lfe**^f te, c^so,,-d.D
    o-ua-^r a,tl{- **i-*ifi"er. # C. . - 7
    6--

    .,, 4}]df;r" .,Wrydqry,,lwyyfy,,,: ??p4 .!ffiY-T


    .....'tCf..'+;"^^^,$).j.J...,t^<@l,;i.*',.|t| (=

    ^ppc^# i n "v.q:F"-;J i'^ uotaict^ +-1"< '


    -k^-"
    -
    J)tdltl-s., fru- m6U ft tous'nz 6lt^@,.t;.*l a^a Jl- )s
    n
    '
    {
    sq)d +c"^ts 20"c- iu"cr--o,, e- fo +"rufa)"tw , (
    ^raJ,X
    u^i
    so ,kA- dikt"-- #r^ Ur^hn h o"Jt'tq'{ (
    -
    d)rec$bn , rxo.hi ,Ur t^4 e,-*;w* :**{r" elh or> anrvfrd?ooqs. (

    ']1
    (

    (-
    'rr
    ,. . .' .: :j ri.: .-:...-:
    . -..r:.. r ...--.-n.......--.:1:-. .. 1-
    qq8.-ffi,iffi
    '|he rnornent h^pazalaw- ol ec"eases s l,6n+2 belnca
    -tha so[idus ,.Ur< , e-u-#re 6c{ ryfl. co nvzrk iwla +/zp.
    soli4 p b a se . €ctcfi *a li difuca*bn ft"rt uaj't( lrwve
    cL pqoltc*lav a.rran6<-rw.n{ odans qud
    4
    lnfins ouhwe -/too soCIclifrcailo n fur( rYzt/s ,
    ou-i ( be- on on rwisrug*4 aLfarYs
    \/-(oai
    ,/):(-Ql 6o ubdaiiut

    j '. -ar-t'//
    i=
    /-) . i), r.'. .,
    ltt{ zalg ef1-LL-fu'( .?zA.sor b< the
    er- j.

    co Yw*io-n ye; 76Janc*


    v

    sU
    Ttsfs+a , e bnmf ult % ^dd.d ft4 lh< rhq-/a)al , uct ic$
    Dce
    B
    €b
    o!--fn' lrrW^* uifh oo?/-#n Frodittu Chromiuro O )Lid4
    'rleoa'n! , o] -7fy* gsairl bautr/q7tr^ &).;".
    tlv t
    'iit)ir-i1,,:1 , . .,,1Q;/s
    B
    1*'i+o,n,
    ,,u'n .

    &
    w p*l*r{n fi,(' &,", {-rlt** aD(rde{fort .

    e M;r\a t f; s-fdntesa s-fe*l fs a e st'qbi li<en


    t'has .

    E}

    e Q o norq!!,y ?o i* , x/;cke-( rl-e e/1,4


    '/ 4ust'eni*e
    u "f
    6 PnAsa osk bi ti<e v'
    E
    e
    is ailud fern'te Phase €Thbili<en
    E
    e
    o
    tut R*'{t__egl? \::i
    \

    ?,i? -
    rt Us d t'ri tifr
    ffi
    Io I

    p; r.li
    d4 -
    tOorrz
    o.Q ,+o 0-67
    0'6 Tya

    n^ff "r"

    y A, rh{

    lr
    + C+ J = F+ p J/r I
    1
    ':.'. -;q':' a::r::-f rta-t.a.:-i:
    '. : -i.'; :::::i
    t.
    €s qqq
    e;
    e?' lYre 2 BI NA RY PUNSE DIAq RAI"]
    -E
    \,.. M qtz.ti qls 6l^i ch ar< con^?Vfetl s olu b k- i,"
    eotublo- T ut t|.r soti d
    f:..

    'e
    \:._,,
    ")'ha- IJ.iquid .tot-e b' t P^'ti.tb
    -& s+-o*<- "

    -L'j
    (cead+Ti^)
    -E-ri
    Pb.-S4 (soLDEql r'l( ALLoL
    17..

    ri:t
    -ti:
    4l;
    -i#^ :

    -._s. ,.

    .- (;;

    .l:. ,.

    . (i

    :41 232- c
    -.4
    soli&td 1
    tt:z

    3 solvw 2
    6 Solvus - J

    @.

    62r q7-/
    e Sn Iao"/" sr)
    E.; -?
    e
    B
    E'
    o .-s I 327 +D3)- 273
    '=-
    zT'c ( *,t'U *;Ly
    G
    (ri^;
    -Sn Cu-aa\
    c i><- - Dbqsa
    ...- !
    --
    sotid so [u bilif7
    rs
    %-
    in ?A a^A
    @
    B
    '
    - Dtrtas z ,s FoJ icl so Lubilif
    o
    'Pb in Sn
    e L_.- %
    B lruia>r)rL(4m goti d eotubili b--^epear-s * 183 "c aud iF
    F of tzr:'r-"'-<o'3a g bA der-oal\,'E flv* teryraa-luve,. A"U hw
    -B
    0-t^ tt q Vvtarc a-r a4*- tac tdc\ < zpclrale> q
    B tJ^i>,|-o- srt-,d
    D Vt^ax )i;ff,.. q n{ix-+!(}.. ,y srlid phane*
    Fl+r€a-gl:il:a.: ..i.
    li

    ft calll S o lvu-x -42

    62-/ eo
    L _-_--,S
    s-------:- X+ P '@@i+"*..,
    J83'c *2
    'l,tct
    C+lr Fr-t P
    z+ I : orP

    0rr sucl.t ploru dJo{+va,lns ; *hr"" o?pn*s a plwt- *


    6\^ictn -itar-v-t 'rsr1o ,fqa try ;<-oM 'oa hf*r,*t.rY
    cs,.,,rn rE ),^:h *,ou ;;p*r:i
    solid-s ' d[- -rs 'c^JlaQ
    c poir.F:, thre-a phar a<
    aNlst- 31 g1"i{ibri,1m sFqrl ltoutnvtlfr ,:.: . l, ,, ,

    ' ,1-''
    -\
    a) -tha *1.= f*dions pho=- p*. .-,,\+-
    fx ar\ allog % !ea.d- Tir,r *i+h"f 3s-/ <n' a^A
    ^c^Lcqtafiz '
    6s"/ 7b. axd q_l- 'l?4"c ;
    sr-ll €

    6 2- 3_f

    1'

    A
    v

    M 3.5- ts
    - (z- tc
    (

    "-*l B

    ;t-9 zs t
    -:

    11 4+ (
    ll (

    : O.A86
    (

    (-
    I
    t9
    I ooo
    ,r!;tb
    ftrction %
    f-.-\
    q ) Ds-let r^,hQ M-4. !s pl/@^^ ?ra^Lt^f
    .&
    -e 3s'A sn *a, ^i [82"c

    = 3!:3{= o-7K
    (.:".
    :
    (.i
    610
    -=7.
    rno(
    \V
    t r-:

    -&
    s-Q
    €-.-j

    -ei 6 L*q
    -€i

    H
    , sr ) ( b,.lczat< laq
    €: , ,,ot-ilt'l
    '.t1\
    ^Wy
    €;i l\l *Lt)s tcnp" I0'l

    s grt^ ZS'/ Sn aA ^F loo'c


    t"G-
    H,,.

    3 /-o7=-e c\ 48- es:


    e Mrs1{ x J-Wtos 'rro('=- q;_to : 0'7tr
    .-B
    g

    e _-*- -

    lf3 vF- I q- \-'' '


    /b ,,,.

    ', --'--l 7 f"u.


    j'
    ..'.'..i.
    F, '..:t.l
    u
    tf3sc
    If tlto c
    H
    t
    -._

    loo'c l_.!.

    f- Au s*eni
    {lo c a=

    7 6gtc '6qiia ?rrnli' - i-

    ,-----2 q- F"'"ile (ecf (-E-

    *i-+ --)

    c{ [.tmr?"<-B-r"*al, En< o-tl


    @* eLit fin^a6rra6t
    3uF Tt ea ?"r C-a-sq 4 ?rrp.o e.d^ o.l 76 g-" c , fEt-; f_s

    --*----d: % fit o.se- q,^A o "b *S4s c+r c pof"b^


    n o dt\g"t)--a

    4ra 6s?Ifnn*g *u +f1*4ry fs -qlka


    Cuvie- Po ir.l
    I hAi!-li|rqctitirf,c '-:': o
    rer &* (r-r"r^l
    "1i

    4
    €'+
    loL
    €. l.\
    \ \
    qra- tb os" i r> uo L"i c h elecfuns
    E-{ ',

    -
    ara -<.rc h r--|/_"t atS -Qxli bi [- C-olo U v
    €:ii u,^ pol "e-.1 ""-d
    qve
    (.,r

    ('1
    fika alto6s "f bYfu,. oB i -M,sdncfrc rwa'terals
    -et *f[osa ?n r,'ct'r.ic h z-t ecf't n-s- G'?€ ?oi"d q 'Ld su ch
    -a n^qfu -iq[s q yE co lo,^" [t= s ' B*f i'o n ir^) < trch a'
    -€
    -6, rw-o-fe$-l ibt'.rch 'e-Mdi, MP b4+a-vvp,:'bzk4uat ^y
    -Gs
    -e
    -@
    -&
    - t-r F.rr* M"*"r*+c lt
    .€,
    €,:,

    - E.,j

    4e
    t,t'

    _€'+

    ;ig

    _@
    46
    g

    @
    f5
    riC..'1.'.....
    .,,.
    ew
    e
    6
    @

    € f,
    VTO
    @
    @

    o
    P
    p
    A ---, 0"3
    r: A:/
    I

    b-) G-t (B

    VCt'4 MRR= a.T rrcho.lre


    Fr

    rX ;.

    ri

    t"
    ;
    n

    /) t.c
    l/ '
    t
    (
    i

    d
    r|
    E

    (
    tg
    (

    t
    I
    @ loot^
    n"
    (.''.
    le- C Pbasa ada?rqrn
    e -:--^ Ua.^---
    -€*
    (l''
    .G 5*L
    - €i:
    -s
    '-G
    'C.i
    *&
    -e
    -e
    6j
    f:.,,
    ,tt
    I r0',r
    ,c. .

    li':-
    _ E.'

    -€+ rrl?o*,
    6} g(Jttl
    e
    e
    ="
    , l-sreeu j -crqsr,rRosls -_f
    _e I I ,' | [evu5fi-fs
    @ ,l * , i , * ,' #.:-';"
    @ o.oz 0.8 z_: I 4,2 I 'eG -
    @'.
    @

    € ttSD'c-
    @ t- {rF6.rC (U"abu'ife
    e \'zf c
    @
    = }aih. olr no t
    € y[ooe d[ iron.
    Jfure a.er<

    c
    @
    ,{
    Tzgoi ^.-
    .
    N+ Fe"c (?*,tik) Pho"a ir.uN*v"<-
    ,* trcn )
    -e =-=-
    0-r'[.c
    ltt'[_ 6.e\./.
    g=Qhase> ,
    e Eutcc{-oi d Qz^"-itoo
    I
    g

    F t*rt;t" l=:

    x"!

    krL
    t'-

    Puq'ti+a
    ' n,A *aCbutif<
    rt-L{'r tlf€_ q^A y<adOUtit'< qrc nnl pbaS<l
    )
    1rw4L avt- ph-a-te
    t
    ,j,.frf
    W
    t
    l'., _- i.-.' ,, t.
    .'.

    Fr vL
    i) i'
    ( kadu> 'tr'
    Lrory *
    C-p^^!^lilt-, M Wtens\ l-<
    {
    l9q t-.
    S+r_----.\ v :-
    ---,
    o,gr-[ c Pari+€.{r'. Qar-./-o n
    r:
    f

    tdha.r +htr( is q. !sy- d)ff"r"Dc( f ta -lr^.q rua-llr2 (

    p'oiut* ,t- fuo Mafcr,ad.', purii..f,. rea_,,hoDs cPrgAtr !

    D4^ sttd' ppn_ A; 16 rqrnj o"d. *F^s<_ a

    ll^st<- dJ --ff-tu,r-A t\
    ,r\-L cdl^A " p.ERr rtrL-r r c r q //
    =bF4.jAxrM_s I
    )oo\
    ?prlte.toid R a*ia,t
    q
    lr0Mn *^ o s.l i.t coruE;rw -i@qa-+uo/v- +- fo'-
    fr$f") iii i
    Qn,.ttn.J
    s)yt.t g'[iJ ( t*w
    ,ff:f,r ".nii,,-d IDneri+<-o.loi d Puna',

    ?,',,rl*rvry---* Carbn

    t-t r{i}y Ary,r' r RON


    ,.
    Cost itdD J:.oo :? < ucb con^posilion in r^l t"icA

    aPpeads
    C-axbon ,t ?n VJ
    tt* q fnP"'F - isc-alleA
    C:a:F -r vDD. lbr.sl- n"ale$J is ured it, r^alzl2
    nncrclk)ne- b<A s,

    Lc r) 116 c*sr rRo rJs

    (--qsY iron o? s ucb crm 2osifio o c'n ucl'ti ch e''li-e


    Ca,rbo n uPVeo,= ?n 'tr" clrnbinej frr'", i F is c*ttecf
    -rcL.i"t',a"
    cpst i*,fr.

    }9

    r.i:,r-J:-i1:-i-;- :: .1 :_r _::


    s;'i

    Cr-llLLED C4sf IRgN

    Cas t- ?'o o c ucb cotu_posi Ho n ,in Lo hich t l-


    "f
    t no'rnaltt6r
    ru-rt
    f1"":* el oa 4-% bul- frrd t-o
    o-P?zars a) d hi [< a]e cd@ onild
    tit :tvory
    (sraaaw *cit+ ) . h)t.i l-z o^d cuj
    ur*fft. lt.d caaF rypns qy€
    e>cf.ra-^dy
    ,S@ lhlx ,r^a.)<*bl, qW u:ud fu
    pvoduce- "
    a
    l.
    dlrcJ-i I Ctuy lr"on

    $ucl ue cAsT rqo N

    t|'

    bzlolo' 'l:'
    przsen ce ,::-..

    cli f f"tsas i-4,

    !'
    Slou-ctqre uCtti c5 qxt i:l
    c-ooti5 aq{e+ f
    Vrv&tctt
    61

    t
    L.
    1i
    f.
    S Q Iz"on No Dut4+ T>on a
    u

    (
    \
    t.
    ,f_grlVLqr ?2 -I_tEo , \ts i" fu,, t:

    nafq\€ ,
    ii

    E
    t

    (*
    -- a'
    lct,q_
    EIf zcY ,r S"lphr" od Mrt3r9
    ld haler.zr Aquud *"4 solid prase n E th.- il
    nature , ?rwpuril*tr ,P sulpbur caDno bz qvs\dad' [-
    .juriphL,' 'rr) ?ron " f. q vcru
    a
    davyonus try urifl b zca-u.e

    xeacli12 "n+h iro D . '? t- piod-r.tces ol


    rDr:s <ulphi$< [F. I
    "fko
    So e pon '^ea-$wfl Fes *z-qf= out- proclud rag
    l-

    r:'ro.cl r,r at 24',d\ boundq'% uoLti .h leads fu B.itf #


    t),u ,qrrt abzse-
    {xur;'i phe-ncnlet^Dn ?s cqtful Hol- Sl,prtoess
    To atind,nate tt^l" ill ef{e"t sutpbu, , *::--(r-
    fuloVqrytc_ is
    a o-{n{r.,1 "vr,
    - 'h. "
    W rt^rqlieild
    b4b*
    J'|t = u-[ph^' c@ifuro
    ( *qtfl sulpuidt) M oS
    t,i abe-

    nnojh,^q f>e-rnl bttf aleo i t-


    ::)
    f-,,
    6I
    sl-rzig{tn
    '.J 1 nc t^ icln i wcr^ean ee
    8]jts mqie"Ya fuvthar addr'*ioo
    6+
    .J
    :Y*,'{ @^:r q^d
    e bc*M- exulhon+\ .+*ru
    ft
    €B
    r!..1S,2 , l':.,.,7v1',-... furd lbl"ttiV'
    ^p?k;
    ,F

    E
    A
    Ef {.d- o S ilicon) CIn gle,el
    e

    f&
    v
    b a,a* . -,'*.T&
    .sot-r di{+ca-tion
    Iv :uII!::'
    . 'Sou**er) is qvi;
    i n rufl L
    i"^aunr^, tr ,-''-
    TB
    B
    t^f{t"','i - o.fI_o
    -E "?t* f*- <u^rrCI "" il,fd*,
    \r
    4dd.)iiott
    B Siticor.i **J, Lbrortrs tJtpre &c q/'4 yfoeuu't (iq
    b r,rtuich :;q-+tle-s o[oton ftrW
    0
    :::1:.:iarr:.:-:-::i_i;;:i:-,: r:;: rl ::'j:.1...: :'
    U^-
    a&4-- t.

    WDI^en dmwd.;<aJr'on p*ur, of stud, is l",


    it is .:tt"$ (ilfC k+""1 t tfrtur, bul- fu^yt d

    Arn,-ddtxa*ion l> po"ltol , it- is c4lld i-;

    S<rd - ldltad Stzc-?-


    t

    6:
    \a.::

    Sr lieon in aqsl fron [,''

    C* = lc +{c''"/"si+:/P
    rtilnotri,r,l a:
    t:l

    = 4- Z'/' 4:

    3,3'/-c + 3 f' (r
    : 4d9t1+31 of Si licon ood pnrtpnorotls t" So'r
    f..

    l*n,sb"'f+s t'' :

    tra 'irp n. carbrn drr7rqrD tomaxds ,t'? Ft , 6igPhit=


    PP^k^ ?o casf - Froo c-?P(aYE
    ll
    *+ rxup].' lowe'*-
    J

    4dd-i*io,n u? Siticon [n .Q-,quid


    |;)

    lesconry c-albpn
    "f orc.nhita
    'iron n";"*-a
    , "l\ichaTes g mphita in
    D "^Qd' l^Dl- cowofifr^ora , 8-
    -r
    (

    sinca qt^pl,ak
    ( f ltav\3 Bowe't olaux\+.6 ,71jrY" '':
    i.:

    DVq-\. tt* . *r.f.t." "f


    "CX*d i"po o,h Spqr\les r!

    l:

    1,-
    t -t

    Cry c'r lzotu fa C'f


    (.

    Q"-E 4 r8-t"g -3-6 (-


    0'-r - l-9
    ('
    0-zy- 0.8

    0.0.r - 0.zs 0-06 - o-z


    7 I o.o-r- t'o o.06 - 0 .tg

    r- .;.:-:-::--.--:. , .l
    ej I oor-
    tt-::.
    \is

    @,
    C,.
    A uru L'PM FNr Dt M ,cRD-<rRuffuqE
    €,

    -rnr Fn-C S>rsrenl


    E:,

    e
    6
    - {ti'
    - t..",
    E'

    €rio
    ':'
    -s ,i l.-:
    i.
    ,,
    /,\*
    .t ,^ Pw- e,^kd^da
    (e"uuu*)
    -G f il^-o)
    G
    f-,.i

    d':i--
    - Ll''

    €j
    t-,
    €1
    Ut:

    /:--
    ui.

    e-.
    EJ
    0.or/ 6'5/. A.f
    ,/.

    €
    e Upo^
    .t
    ii^" sarxflt + %Toatlee-{vd <tzd , w,*l-1
    coolir,^-7
    j! ,"t.C,t., dot, gtv+-,|-. ard ;, kllq,ro, i-5g .,-,,M.ic-ra..
    (

    €3 u-toL g,twr]-ard ntjca:[s#zll'"t+futvl'r,,


    tu Tol..,,
    ftllo.,rz'c !,16
    cA,\,\ bu ob*er^"2otr 4l IrU^[- "o ', it- is a ll
    0
    _@
    €
    c.,(^s+L;F{- .r.uf?rin tkua V,-lein cr-r.l'th 0'3J- % C - Dl., +tlc
    e
    e; afu-1 oltp.xwa*L
    le*nn{a.hr-.e-
    l*yne
    lrbuk
    otazv.otuea lUrh*t+ ba,nq
    b4onq +D eBtnt bn ,
    fa-mt
    u

    @ -farrrf ie ?We sJ.a'k parA i1,r Mr'crD-s fru clure-


    lr ^??
    E 1!et :ftr,,l"--j?t^fh Yq €-qrfazd-&id
    @
    "tI"^".
    @
    a
    a
    a
    M qs s fro.tlon ,P p^-"*unclo\ d ft, ,i t" ?ncreasus

    ti.r,s6ue.s a^-l g?@ d..cloa'd{ thq


    E4-aln
    bulu:lzrld ."-1^17"gTt,"^
    Up tho +a-,yx"o*u,1 stigtttf be,lo'c
    ^ y.,,Y ?,
    tha- Lu+<-L-+6i d "-Jqupxaa*uw, qus+?r^11=_"*rj[-ru" aA.Q- ,
    I
    a:wv"r{s i,tfo y<exlit< Ferri I e
    TqD ""r'thfn V
    rx)cm - sttuctqn o r&:fe- i
    Fe"rri te ,

    -
    g-) *tq q4sl F".l-ion ol Pro-*'teoffitd
    da{z".rvL;r,q
    '/' t-]*t"rd' Iu )' to+,r}' {"-;E'
    -rrLA'
    fr"'ik, gq^pl< &,v.x
    s+.J g.Ss haviS /- C

    h)r
    P^- u^I..lril )
    q
    vb
    z (-
    €-
    (-
    6*

    -/

    \\t

    ,/
    CIt
    M
    fbt-.)-ac -

    L,
    6.67'o'3s :
    6. 67
    .
    -
    0-qs
    o'o )--

    --
    a'
    0's /
    0'q
    7
    lbL
    01
    f\4 :
    'zrrt"btd-o1
    2 O'39 .,
    l9
    /
    I oo(
    w f-"n 0r^l * 'fttto'i^d
    \'\o.bnals :
    phicb cauwol be- r-atu-o"'4

    o |oi^t
    W @ (qW Ory,#; r.loca.fio,

    -rvrEs ' DF DEFtcl=

    D 0 oo O
    o o oo
    a a( # o
    o c9- o

    Jn}...r*-l-i4+.-0 r/oid. : (ubsfi/ufit

    -/nte.=+;+-l

    *""ke) A,f*f
    4aioro

    suRPAcE ,8 n r€c:r
    . r.-.-.
    \"f .,,'1ll D

    16) q g
    = lr+o z^ ., Titr Bou^la*1 Ar{*
    dJ
    o 'W 'L"U\gJ.l
    AqP"*
    +lu- oYi<-nfafion s a-ccqzss tfir. A
    bov^da"r'ta5
    re.lns'Qr€

    , Ih4 ;{ ig +t^. M,.'}r of ',"-^rL' stt'uv-


    sn_rrA

    ;^w'
    ti
    il' '
    15 cejl^A a'f s-F
    6*'o +r^,)^-
    (
    dtrte 4 nee,crs
    'rlt

    w% Eistoca$on ( car^upl- ba ruw'owA)-

    B"y va<tov
    AB- ,Sisioca$a,t !)w-

    co-r,tcr7 l- , fu* wW a4^ i&4-0 Mqlud^0 {*a l*- ory- :_


    ")t+r*.. 9nc-a- =qr"cfrce ,k {e.rore- M-,ai"/Ad fs w,rC" ,}-*l :
    .l-o' a{nr*, a^-A B^ ?*ob' {oi. * / r a,Y\44 ;
    +eLL o-2

    a *i,flrr* ?yvvkl)yp tr ^?f!'"d - Quuuritt


    *ry fu-:** (
    bL drtPfr1 (-
    zxurdt' budil,Q +rrgoin ;.irl" r V!xe--
    t^ 't
    .|1
    (-
    bL d{brn,
    'J (-

    .a.
    I oo!
    r Sffp ?s uui I vlast+. aefor*uhou @a ir otr*?f
    "-pf*o ?n ati rci.fo,r dt o?f Uud Pee4
    * Thq ,Q)yz-hor,r ol tt,t-a =bp is albd 8ur6"v
    Vq-cfur. I

    t.,

    Jl qv\ b( ob"u"wd ivt +t^e- &"fi\qxr


    \t/ ,t0t+
    lkz"", ,rpl(' bz. 'o bou^dau +ts sa'pped q^J
    tji,i s Qir,r,oA rodettt cat(jA" Vdfte E",t.trcafioq .
    U
    \.,

    n$*te-.
    :e=azr-r.

    DPI q C-a-sa o,f € dfle ,&is [oa*ioo , .ti.[o oafiout {i ^(


    i* i)rYpe1p*1d ic-Ulq t
    . ] ^ l)^V.h^* +o
    .l - AQtr*n^*
    "W'{ V.€fl'Dr .. .
    r/-^
    .,. .
    :. 1' .

    I^ '=.*^ .oislocorian dirlo d,


    '
    fi^a i s
    '

    @ ,'
    utr" Vae-*z-'

    ca^ ba- ebsexrad +tat *t &,. 4tr {stog+*t^ora

    rl
    ncrt\ ba
    -

    Sioce- r,r-lll)ons oL dfsto cafov,'s aru als'* L


    Jr
    .lhz>ru udtttit. {D'!-
    fr*d" , o'Lieu-tpA in ail +t"L Ptt ibta-
    ,

    ' u$'r.ua*i>,o s , r-o[,2r1" ]uaA i s *?h.d


    a- or^ +',t-t
    q.,tCI-{a$*J., ol-is\ocrnFio"lo )r^ *r,l"tr 'dj rca-fi a^^, stqt{-s
    r\,18\r \ ra ,s- ,-^.-r tL.t *. ,v-o$ d; aJ, ?ffi Jha d it^ lo *r+.'o,
    o'*r-f--
    .cE**u,, )t.- is s-qjd 4W ?!a-thc $<fun***,
    ha, b zs44 n. 'g t

    U
    s
    A,^b 9bs{qr]e croalz) rn tt"L M-ove,ro-,^f
    4)" [o.a-fio1 , irncw-a$$€
    € fu" Bt=r.rn5 of Vfotu* J - "t _:
    €

    -::i
    YreuD PgtNf PUsrqorreNoN

    Ef"ra?.,,r :

    EWP
    v
    vi

    Urrncv
    I YrU
    ' Psit'r l-
    foyu.*.'.Yicl4
    :'.j. Pelnl
    ?vtu'on'vwoD
    oJ .(trcceezs Si.r'dr)

    Glb.d A*n
    9r 4or.r
    U
    {h"i^ ;
    A

    Carbs6 q^d dfurff! qrr i,at---liFial in Turip ;

    i r". 1ii; i1r:" $.,rF


    (-

    ft^* eixa" ''uP i^{-*<+ifio(iit^,ef d: ' '15r " ': ;


    M/rzh s r,rr-Ifu-,v- t&rrL &';<<- t Ca,ybota a-{-orb . 5.o E

    €rvrllg drffuq'* +ry a4o,.,,-,<, s fnrc*r,t^,< *,q. *4 f,


    :

    c:.cclrrnu( t@*.d, +o 4)s'fplq.+iob *4{ q,rA


    (,

    * f*du'u :
    a cqv bort (ic$- q*unyt^{".,c i^_tt"A co t{*e/
    v-

    ft-trvL,sptooi..e - Jrvte- cntl'*-[ duo"yhre- Wduu-r {,

    *s'fuzil*-r ir. h". ?rpn ^t"uic


    +D* t- *j-o n4-s , fi aful (

    €r+e-n4l ,h"a f-s .l? $"4 ort $"a- MoJc^iJ, < /6t*rp (-
    t'

    I
    q9 I ooB
    t5!

    &, kryn -tegs.s o'"rq senn6r"A fu 6.ook J-t^{ cl f-f*.c{


    t9 C"4p.pI".rT o^d juY +- otr.toor"ho?, fo nzu. si 'fc
    r,f
    ':i Tu^l- is l+ i.t4 ppi
    ^U "PPnt U I ^t ADpa-av
    tl s in
    €t Y\,Lr-feri qJ
    h
    Gi
    on ca th e Jisfs c't-tro o
    -qi?

    d,u sdaliv4 [o.^rnv <l"ert ea aYt-


    -11,J
    aa
    cfui
    F 16
    s\o ceufioq +ne{ri"A - tha} is
    rii f"f di""e tv,ul'n
    ts
    sJ ,-1,' g7
    € (l ;,i-tC
    R unbadin '{1" tuolu*
    uJport

    ,
    oY r..,,rrlz- li-odrr^)5, ;d ratoo.Ilg
    l3;:
    ' ei{'
    '' \ -'r .- '\ i.l- . -1.
    aBl >Wanw;vwn'' ilr) l't:
    ., .:
    +i, lr ^t" 'n-oF
    ; -?p' soMr h* ( +*^; Ntlf"?"-^"
    'tt

    zfr-
    unll a-qzi,r' dj|fl"u" * ctieto ealtoo <ife "A afrein
    a
    fr't O-.JJ:U ( b <- ptodut-t , 1^*
    ;f Colrituv tr**'f tu*f ,o/.,j.l
    L =s

    €
    E
    a;.
    A

    B Tl,vrt
    e
    Th-q-s( phroo ML1oo d-aes^Y ^P?* in '{u&u
    rr)
    B
    *d tdfi\
    e4n-'bsvl < 1-en)s bea-aLLb. aa.rba'+ i-s rtoF-
    er.ot^+ plr^o,r^V o.l- sr{-t's teaa-*)o n <f+€ br,.l a\ +t^L oll^tv
    @

    0lri
    .s ife-r a) r4o d)' Ao guc!- df tf o cct*ro ri iur^p-
    @
    ? ut\Zn*H al
    B v
    9 ?r..i*,> iir')zr.J p-os;tiorn , c6ry6r^ is ^*" a* {t"r-te- tO
    , d-,
    ffi.tse e

    ,
    )
    fuWY v-\)-
    Ia
    a chao'is-rn-S

    O dxu, ^rq:
    /\
    S'{.b,s+ilb+rb *il
    /\
    Qio S,,.al
    o
    \
    o ooz qo "P
    G eb -k^xLo,
    d66--
    JP
    I
    ol
    It- D'mc
    I

    €t<a s {.':
    6 &idd
    t"
    e!,

    ;
    E.

    6
    I
    t,

    <+Ye/flh :
    :hP E:

    r.

    r.-

    t{
    -.

    ti
    (-

    {
    i.

    ,19

    I
    \

    I
    l*1
    ?o
    q 6-arn
    !"fl'*:r^l-,
    '
    l. sooD q.s dlsloca*ion \aa&D ttru 0 dt
    bouwdaries , 7l has f6 citayrye. f{-s Jfre-c[i69 at"d
    o-lw

    ALM, .tb taSox bovd UrfiO


    taSer s@-su q\'e
    y.qurre-{ 4f: [oc+*roo fu s< " th'ou5h 3ra?n

    o**^da;"*Y "; Fleoce 'T. +h{ 3d" J't-...clu€ ,


    fl7n., l br I '':

    i*tg . o: jsr RAlh.l H-4 R D EN l N C, l


    tu00 RK rt4Rosrq

    p
    *q ?
    nB"& { 6o Mfo.--
    \ strd
    .

    {c--7oo t'tla

    ;^,*ffffi2
    ry+
    €+
    w

    B
    e oJ no ^. oP ,tt [oa'{ro r
    Llp*:a crld vaovlawn aL?{ aaten
    @ uol-,'ttX
    ..t-+-r'6q rvUr-[l f!'cafi'o)A )
    e f,,n y-sdrl)er . Ho* Murh
    $
    al,;d urit t ' is &LL i*P"tb q^d c:r.qltol--
    E ,^g.f ;*vaurgo 'r*av<
    B b c- :9,"ran7*A , Th e- tWLo .{-is lo q Hon o \ru cA
    a-s

    B
    , !'j
    b P-4,{^. ,1-* f* J-A a cc'lrutlafzt ,t Jfu N^ bouwd'an et
    B o"d- yrodtcaa cti-s(o ca-tioq $r-f .' 'fh( ifr*.rocfi.6,4"
    E ba{t*1,:*-r*-, *u3o^cti "-e1*t*rhe- i"r, Nst<<y<
    ,
    s lhese- ,U.[oa*r-o nl $*Y c"ealna q b.,-VsEar
    l-

    ?0.. tt"r rv14 uqlrc,rt- dk c{f-sts-ca}rts\ uo-ithirr +l^r- qr.,i,a ,


    -lhu"<- Toc-<eesn-L +h( u
    rv.ale^.i-]. s tar^6+a
    +'rvr-cfzxi.-J t*
    U po,t u tt lo qc{-i tE{
    "* F-^ tt^4 (*
    g,rsiert Lrsork- hadz^?' a^A +t"{ ra,{pacU*g i"e +t"(
    ar dire-*t.lr, bo_.4's@4a De.,o o
    "t i*

    ry@@, =ylrert-:fk{
    n^"^r"r*t + d-.t-stoca*fo,a a^A ah q ruwLl #^^t
    \dfLW "f \
    --

    p.afu,rt- Fu" cnrwry,vio+r oil*-,* p*x1s,,{-.n (

    0n
    r = K(-n

    f7 ) Tvrrrl- S tvpu,
    K ---3 St"e,Zt-b c-4&or^ts
    ('

    f,0 or lc t:

    ^arAr.) \ t_.

    \
    (
    E

    t{.

    -frtrt Slr%a fy -- ('P-\ d" A5 = o.@ ,11

    r1
    (-
    ffi4 a A-'- L )' *=/-rn) e
    -) + ln 4 --ta '
    (
    A-
    + -4- (+ I
    '/1

    ',.. ,1 1,ir;Fra,=-:
    iryf.';:''-:..-f,r..:.:i.;-,..:-r._,._.r.:...1;-rr;li::.iE=i*.7:.jii.=,:r=ii.:+E+...-E:i::xj_r-*-ii.::a!!-,:::,.:.:'.
    --;i.i>
    loto_
    +-<(?lG
    lru-t sT?rcrr n '-
    t I
    td{
    o
    Ja =)T
    lE

    =)e=b
    l/
    (+) ) ( = .{-n ((+ )

    'r.-' .P
    7
    bp
    T A
    ,l'
    cl . I| .rD
    ,4.A
    _r \{
    v
    6+A
    l + ctP
    de
    ur
    #+A 4{L
    de -(

    --6y A + A.aq
    ' dg
    lf)
    4+ UIs' (tLl+irv,-+e- +eu'^iQ- st'e") :
    - arh
    U
    ;, E=

    K __s dCl- -nJ i


    # [q= enJ
    de e
    F!(rc.e')
    t+-

    '71"( UTs "? rraafa"i.{ is QOo trt Po , 61"yah,o G -1


    ^- |
    )J
    '/ t
    /.
    t
    A--

    A'^d 6y =l(.€q /, 6t^a| is K OrrrA n .


    I

    /:'

    1
    G

    ,o l.n
    ( = 0'3r- ai
    L

    F
    6

    t;

    {:
    .Y

    E-'

    ,Lr
    !i

    0 (f+ t) : ln (tu o; r-r)= 0,3 E

    {
    ) ,r= Q oo Cr ar _t 0.3) (.,

    .,. ..' .': r!:

    .{
    t.r'

    (:

    (.

    ti:

    (-
    (€

    r
    t

    A-
    t
    t-
    (

    (-
    f (

    (-
    41
    t-

    I'
    €t,
    lorL

    q A a*-2
    E3i',
    fi,
    x{
    e.E
    -
    Aqe ( PR GctPlr+rto*) r
    H+eDEhr rN

    ei.
    / ^l
    lt
    \
    I
    Ts2t27 Ir
    r(
    ,( t
    -
    E.:
    k\
    €it -r'Iltar (
    -
    & ,l Sh2u
    lwq'l
    :€'
    .,:.::
    €i
    _s
    Ti.,r.];r'
    tAlrfu tinq-
    =
    €a

    €:/ 'altoSl
    ,f a-h*'11Y' od,
    el ,,.:.
    (E-?Yzr t,li+b
    , \n . ,'ut,i, 1u^t

    e, rl,"?fot, pkase- K a?yea,s ?n r,'tFcvosfruclu re ' T\e


    f',i sq,u?[a is Quen ched frJ^ tbcs<- len?"e-^tuw- abd aa' q
    " €' Aa gt.ff ,f **2 @P?* /ad<eA ?n tt{ sl-ru *:*
    €) Ve* '(
    ; t*)*u'., Slotcf
    ahtru.iuJurn- a.j
    R; rnl,,., Cyf* <l.orl-s --1? e,-V o?- tbe
    ^
    pryc.rpilafer of Alr1a Tbay
    J

    @ nticrpslruclet'€- a^d" F*"


    @ p*.t7i +-+s o-rrr;^ a sb:sl,acla frn Jt^i anwwal ,f
    ^d
    r.: @,-. Jllglr:c^.4ioD,.", -TtlEaq. in.cn1p7.l^a; ttL .o|.,\a*;a &t t nfb
    @U-J
    4= thL ti*a
    :, @ nwclLc-l{/ pc'rses- Mrrq ,rtk plc",ldriFat<
    il.ttae- &r yL1)a t]./.e oLwyaftr- ff=t-rr.e b<l,nt
    "rC
    A
    -6 ,
    '
    .tluu p-re cipi kdu o^d laonu- cJ'isto"a*id f ,"^a. ru-nry
    € uu ruba'r ol obtlqcL ?N ?+= uen^/.J\au*s . Thae inoru-ataet
    € +fu
    @ f,P-$"*. /iwu tl11 @??* ?rt t0.s !:*tk#
    "ffi,^ftb^
    e tqo""'t+*y ," af.Yw gsmc+IMt r4-qc0,a.Sion srlop-s " 'IvLaL
    .p Co'rYa-9 pe ,id: p"-a l. = h,el6n of +t"L rv-atyil ^l .

    @ 4fv" *.'orli.^r <rvailw &"p ii** aadutT


    {
    ft + e{VA@aa 4tre'c.tr '-'n' w''</ 't,'-'-7, ,fu*)
    .,l?St ;1:.

    ytr'^* a.^d fu*^y a^&ff"* pne-cipih.t-er ' rtv^<-


    fqfro-asar o"r:7. -Qfi+anf b.i-"" zaD pruzl-pt+€$€d un-

    qL.d l,ntncz otiJoatTon


    fi"& Au4 ""** "g
    . TWe* d.acwa-reo
    etx+*.p.nu iu- i+s ruove-ntants 4t^"
    sJ-*iAB4h 4 thn- sa$\ pl< auo{- -+uu) e- plan-n-ouaun n e-;i*

    \--.

    *:fu u,fi^y &f+"*or) - @u ;f uard)od L.rt t{


    ti.

    uu tt bgro*t sffiuyx' ?o (p$0/ r'


    .:-
    rli- olblaj=A +eXrane-a+ut"v-^
    j:

    t..

    ttfijl. t':

    fr
    !::'

    CR€€P (":

    ,1r-i, ;.:
    t::

    :rz E

    r{
    \.
    (
    t

    I
    {
    0 hsrL t^4r.dun,* i

    l
    I @ruff'tu, (
    6
    (
    (
    4

    Tfat- -------a t

    e
    t

    I
    lot z-

    i.s sto.,o an[pwyw,av< A"fr"rurno" .f ru{ao


    C aezT

    0{^€"r a, period ,f ti*a %+ .erns-f*wl- tao-d q *d *-t- q


    fzr"7*a^*ttrc WZUyr tg.o^ -y\Lyh-<falti^-a*ion lw+tepa*uW
    /* sooo o s nr9""rr*etu'^l iq fl"^e, ?o.sfar,r{anl-**
    ":*? t,tfitl ^p??- ivr ? I t"icb i-s si1"T [a' fio th e n^c

    l'ravd-orr? Vvvmnzr-noh F-s -pr.adoruixa.ii.^7, s-o


    ,r.r,,"lt
    'lf'l p-e}r^ -ru-t<- dlcreala-(. Jn th{ sa_po Wd^;
    t>n q c-c hu I be tsi ad "*rp
    xu
    iyi
    b a.l an t r-qe acln-i e wA b*^.nnl
    ' , r*r'uLt ha6[Bv; ,-q.y/etetr;aotr oD , eD aL nzos [-
    .. . t- I :-t-- .^ft
    U "4d
    ^-- nsf--1".1
    co €trpdn" yo-t.-r u,.,l(,(-/,
    'bn gbserrv€-c . B ut tt^/r\-<-
    ' 'u,ilt-'ba q. 'Onif Vt'o oot-;.h:.La9ork t,Atd.Lwt^,'ue-tr"
    {ake ptaca *C s Ucr,lt6 \re-c ttall-i<or1-rbn f#**
    v
    lolV-a o.ua-,^r q^d = Fo-*"n rak _s-wddon\ ? n cwa.tBt bA
    Pf^*r. ,,of:ess..-l fru c--lc*o. H i2i,o-r 'r. +r^{ t<rr.qyuala,
    t(Ur
    M/rvq s vu-ct6s fatrtixal-r er,r. hrm
    PhLdorui u,ah ^2 +t P rurlruoY

    *l"r-e_ O{ytp rpfislaDu .


    I

    l1
    \F

    e--
    -Tin STL€
    a

    lesr
    \.1s

    t-

    [- A s,r r',t]-, f ru.e.rican Blqn dad fr " 7z-tf;y ltale--<i/s. i-

    i
    A I

    ;i.r
    t

    ru'

    i';
    (i

    *h 'll,c. ul tensile ,t<s F s pe Srura uo lru:rv


    ,vuid.Jle porlioo t:

    Crpss - se.t.-sn er€-a- is uuiftorrn i. cq-lted Pqy,qlt?-l t,i

    B* <*{ c,:
    t
    f

    i'Dc.e.ases, bu_t slil sa.ru3[e- f.s not- f";tti12 bgoanN a


    c,Al^-L tD urs-yl( U.Arr-d-0r^jr6 , MoJ€dc.tr Fe pi
    'lo Zu :
    "H^,-t.?D
    a-alvyz,rc^ie {1-eua- ip26rea.a<-
    sutrti cie,-l--tr6-h r-
    s hndss . "+t UTs t""i^t-_- *rto"e wl
    , "d \l be a yd (

    3axat1zl fu,,-rn W
    ntitu MuM rucqknlrra u? Dokl,v'e- i-r', (-
    4
    r-shrre <ufifiroa,rfr LtsorL t"avdzvuy l,\d, n{rF baa daw
    ;
    \j&' lotl
    .f*rgh Tt"?rF i-s -t .{ pori [- aJ- t':tr.
    * tb irtcrtasa {tta- <) -
    ^
    & c\ ut,.{u4- nz"J{ uit I a,ppeqy Tr.. Mzh<ti aJ , AvA fr^rlb
    :'6:r' r.,,o-rFea)q] hli tl t*.fu',<- 0r' k<- "^A
    but.
    e
    e 4+RDNtrss JErr
    e, . , , - : :, .

    {':: tI n$rpXXll
    ( u"Au) I
    Lo^J \I u*}
    uot"ol. MM**:
    MM*,',-
    . r
    r-
    I1 A
    r>*un
    €r, ,Blrr) I '(l'l t ;ufuWv 1=-
    I

    €i
    lPi'-
    E.;
    frq?+cT Tss T
    w
    e
    6:+ Cka,fil
    "/
    ft \-

    @ ( cu*rrt'n/,1 t )
    rdh
    B rsi*fld *ufp,t 4) ,

    @
    .@
    e
    e
    €
    e
    c
    € rp

    @
    €
    I
    €
    a
    -.J{,;rls$r::.-,:1+.'
    Tff- Cwvz (*k
    ps- Fr
    to o'/
    l
    I
    drr*f'* I I
    7Lr 1 I

    Jrrubaliao k'aP
    ,^l
    7 oo' r-
    600'L
    ;l
    , --------2

    t
    l,

    I
    C
    'TD
    Vrur!- 725 e*
    'u
    Jsr'c - 7DO L
    .:' .'.
    l.+'T'fT - (qYqtD t:'
    "&) I

    oro
    :>
    b Bq;,:'* Gvva. Bej ui le
    0r
    T*ft
    :
    t+ C- Axvp-
    g -- 3&D"<- {'

    L) s Sv Fs-
    - cur.tra 63

    rur_
    ----> tt.

    E
    t
    -:'
    t:

    (-

    .1{o,^a_ c^o4D pl\ ndqn"Fuc,h"(-


    rug
    E

    "!*ff llL!^<_ WaA is {


    .^xr* Jutcr-rlc.lipn t) rr,,7 u Fo n j"rrrrfi n 4t^\ i<r"f t ,

    tncub*Ji.,n l.ri.d dz.vo,^r.a il * s:'D-.u,f La,s. J 6

    j t*' Upovr d,^ve,,rv\V t,p. qwnoUuv'6


    ? ,furr;
    €

    J"^4
    ?war6o1;*,
    <+u,,YkA ffnoe i^.** ofraln.
    T

    T I
    I

    I
    lottl

    0, Srivig Rrce C 4tu*;. ft/ob;U'q'


    AL,:
    I 6;ni+nl - (i,^;+,-l rr.'.\r^h-o t;w*d'
    ,Sl&t --%
    :: t t^2 stabtt-

    = o n rrt'r^)

    -\,^{ t u^ctq Vl-{-

    7xl c-
    I

    />f.c, loL.o o
    L€-, sSo"c

    rf

    ']q
    Aetrl r REArNt EN'l-
    ,
    O F ,QquiQ Ntfnpo
    , gegar) u 77'c (Bodt'bs
    ' p*,rr!r\- XY

    i..
    , c-RyoGsNtC^s
    zzi c (savx- ?ewAR- i--

    r-
    .,: i
    V?)
    ftntuk ru;o - s-eD I
    = 2ori "/*z l-

    ).
    6Ucr)
    -t 9? *uu,%,,(++' t.

    '1,
    .D I'
    .r
    fruh'u7) l:'
    -
    gn t'
    t{'
    2'j4 L * Ms
    t
    M^
    .F t.

    tou c
    rrta,Qrd,l-
    (M)
    rcq) t::

    (._

    --.- (:_

    i t:-
    €.'

    Mp
    q

    \ \r{- b {-, ("u'*A uAk-t9 i'-


    w* '. ..

    {"
    , ly tbe coo u uq nele ?s sucln +I"al- ) f- iu: l- 4o uclut : - ,
    t'St
    fir vtn te- /[ Trr- qffydm, ?t- ?s cdlL{ Cvific/ Coo{tu7 i -
    (+ AY coot,fr (* ,fd f" *ff*
    u

    Wn c'nticol '
    (*o^ of i3' " fu co'-trora q^d i
    *""''-6 ,S+",
    c,oo[ir^a, 'q t-' cArHr^'
    ti - I
    \- \ ^.?- o. t

    rrjcr. -sty.Lelu ,.e-- ^??p.4rJ bt<" lwfuq"i c4] '>ft-gl


    r
    d

    q-
    .\r_,L"[J.-.- &rrr-,uf* .n cu-rtto,t*i'k gf €,onl;t- futi Cvoscogrc
    "t,\-]ur.e- T
    *

    grr,ror,r-{r "j
    *a +-n.i+e Tvt q MJ trc s{*ru clur.e i s
    i

    ^fu (-
    lolf
    cqlleA M avLansit-e r uotdch is tlx h'vd-oal *"d ru-osf

    bsrLH<- phasa ?rpo. 'lhl Po.iHoo "f M3' "^d


    ,f
    Mp CIru- dja,ril uPan t1^,a- cqrboo P*nonfT. pov
    Uf u" ssle.z-rriJ *t"4 , Wrten<i*<- *ds c\?farl
    f
    o?f*x. a)- - Uo"c . So t-o conw-r{- a! k1^ha i ota
    tvtqrterur t e i t- rirust b e- a;trPd:,'-rn'fa ,, Q)q.u) d. nit>o6el
    ,,r, rl "{.i)rt Pwr^ ls c"fb4
    'I

    i'rlI rr ilrzr<)"r-l s

    4lt €f the [ine" ,P tf r- ,Oi36xarn ayq- thql- 4,, ,] ,

    cl.et,o{}rposi*ion oP {usl-etrif.,e- f,^to &me- othrr rrticrosfrucltln


    ,: 'q6d .. o'Lr cg .'4gtEtct^tte. .tcoitv.lls ?tt{'ro ' 6oM;i:'-.,nUc;tus-fryCtuvei

    i t nevcr leconwtf. a9aiv


    a

    AusrEM ERt N f

    Auslzn?fe- ?s qwnd'tud al a u-ale Lrfikar tktn ^'oy*


    :
    0

    F-nf py
    t)
    subsLat yuxr'nA o,f +t*- htt tu' tv"n'fi;*ol"''
    hJ
    crlrvo av-lcxs ?.a-tp tT T- A'a6rarta Thu t P"9u' prvda ua
    $ai trtfu Bajt^j14 cctlt^-o l'b<- ptodl-ce-d
    bd- caal-tltuous
    --
    Co O i.i u\+
    ( .

    FJhan ou,r1{z-,,ti{4. '?s qv<nc)uA'iqtb 6o*e-,{, e-{'n cQ.


    .",r-f<..c eNyndeyw *A*n *rU? AA+e, ? I 'er'
    tI

    iwrrr..r<.JL',-rtz-0,r ,e,u:noxt ?t^.*o nu.rtensi+< , b-ul tt+ crYp ,s


    (L

    stitt .
    &f+or sruruof?ote , Lofu, (nye. COt,,t k
    <rurtarute uturr-

    ?,"fu rv\fl\ t<nsite , "r{. uolErrta- u, I I a^A uln<!


    T

    cYqck ulr'tl o+?a-qrd g{^ory +ile*


    ""tf".[ E

    Crac(s Mfi"? 1u-en t^iy a.w- &r-et 't=


    *nv
    ,

    d'; c{- o *d u n o t- d,r.,r-"{o tltor ruel sffi)aq. r


    f(eran
    f:
    Tbeya Q ru- *hr,* juLtfuDd) d? qtwid)us Cracks
    00
    o t-
    lv

    o or\ A%4 qu,r"6,trU + I

    (--
    ,t
    d
    \-.
    r

    .a

    {usrrnit< ?*?+iqi.r5
    T*S fay,n
    cr t^ot- bai"-, n^ain+-Xq4 ed- a- @' belnc.o ;;-
    TW^Th{-o

    htqr
    r"T i Hntler 'S c-l'qcJ^s b*-t- (-

    (
    doo:nF .-t*Pt +%, ?-Uil^olea i F ' t

    I
    )o lL
    ALLDYINq:

    6'**Ss-n QY{

    -tak*
    nff

    l9
    *(

    H EAT T<€4r ry€NT- *,a

    -t 3:

    -rtt-

    7hz-q_ arq {ow A


    *7,-
    ca,le
    q k^f rtualarnl - ..

    o Annd,v:"' x.
    < q-

    o Norrnalistt,y - .v.
    ,E

    o '-{

    -r,

    @ f *ynn
    Aiff^-',
    ,,sDL ar*z .\-
    v

    NovuqL;zi v,-n
    d

    ,- FiJtl Fooeoh'Z
    cct (uw Cralic,rl f.*f)
    l
    I
    sph.eodise

    I
    I
    4*Y
    I
    I €

    ,-l
    '-'
    ' :-- 1.. t
    l'"'''
    -.,

    A. (
    e AuvEALrN q: (

    o Fu-t t 4 nn oalTrlq ;
    e*feeloid =fzn) ry Hdp,
    r'\

    (
    rrw- t".a+ed &D'q a)"ow_ +i^{_ Uff" Crdtical fu1,fuu) €

    "*l
    U*dfexplJrer-lD\ d <'fa€-Q) 4ve SO'c o,brtrc (

    [,o w ul,- Crd H .4 T"^f rer._+ur( (

    a
    R

    - (

    "i .:.xBi:: -r.e-


    )on
    s,q'.^ple al- th,t4 L ler*prto-luK, i I
    iD ,frrn -- Ar---
    ccot dJu'c fD
    c
    caeliuq wy9;,,L-t-clD e@avs e-
    .,-l^-(4 f-U awwd'*ff rs t-'
    o^d +o i n c"ea-s q

    *L"rtd- Y,a -tt/t

    o"U cl^aftu

    1.- -..

    ? (tiii sPHBR-oDtsE: 4NNEALT nl


    9:
    +'a 'xo'Pt"inib' ti? -t
    =-:

    ; ,tr*r,* t" -, ?oryean<


    g . *.udlituvi u,a U6a cp,nbs+ elz-r)s" ' Sar'tptu arc WJ'+ 8A cu's<
    .tn i,o*ov cmHLJ,-*enpvua*uru tulr, cnobd u**'*\
    ? ",u"*
    E

    s Etei,oh t" +*t * .' ,8ru- to fo''va*io"t g.fn*.U"*' 4


    E SpVr:r-vsidt , n"a-c0,.-rnabi LrY ;uprcrre .

    )
    ./r"- q_

    t\ C

    ( ftoru0(ENl<rNQ, : '
    D DrP'Fu-st0N 4NNI eAU r.tQ
    €
    'tt->esa
    Vrtta-tt is
    =pa.ifr .aLd u)z fD uonq<,^iC a

    -tta- ntlcvoskxct.,urc- dr,aJ-il*% *"*fd


    qra_ luak{ A q
    u'y \tu,, {e*?,pa}ti.:oe ,tD dnoru a"ffu*;ou E:

    ytunonannn,
    MDre- q^d
    f;:

    MrrE - Sq-uptu aN tt.nrr casbd <bob Tn .1.

    {.
    :-
    C:
    Y:

    \LoR r'n 4 L)<rNq E


    l(

    ('
    t'

    SFu.l sor''tplcs Qra laealed 'l-rD q t aun*zntu't ^f


    I

    'austuule 7s s1* bte-. 1n< ,t+Wfu ?s fl+"n aiv ' .:


    , 1pL.rfch { '-..' .. -
    i

    d,uA ; Frn i:xryxiunur;


    s'in.e suu ciooU*A kates) '- W\C^oy
    v/)
    ou/D

    ff* ga'fr,'t s.f-ructuru udtl be W&]ed a^d .-,1'"? \olca ,,_


    f)o (

    rovidl cb',e w-eanq s,to Lo t w ard* ud ll ba c-oq\-se/ '.-


    .fo_^

    *-d c&fsn (\ - lno*


    arq tott?{
    ul\,.rcl'r fuOfn^oJ
    :T ,. :-
    prod-rfcr*7 rvt)crp* fwl ;t<rn<- Lot-i 'V t'-o h-q'
    ^{ surlate *4' (;-
    J
    fu*dh L*u. TtrL st-rur,|qw V ?i 4\ ' v
    ur"A ?,a
    ::
    \
    O);tgA rAJl-8lQ I^+
    ....aP.?.u:e-F6U.i-...'.''..:...;...,.;.....:...'...'.....'..
    /)r. nr

    0 ( .. ,'. "..'"'r
    g. l^fl' " '(- '
    ' Nor mo-[i.<i 6b
    ^a Ts cDtu'61dtt'rc4 Tvq €-
    \^re*- tr.talrNpnt- WaauL4 VAYdri,ltt7 O"'d ftrup4dr3e-
    crrr{- *""^-;;/ t-, *k-}"A Me.l"4i
    ",ui (-
    a,:
    \-
    (-
    (.-

    t-
    t-
    i-
    t---
    )btk
    H nRDENINci
    ---
    Speel s aq,tptas ayq UaLl.d -lo a. *ery naalure_ oI
    *rs stoltz . 'f iv-- sanrpf.s
    h; Lti nl,^. cur,lf a,n Fa ere- t0,tl-n coold
    af a sC<- tt^T' csllfd r-oo'i*A saj<- 'fo p'odua
    "S*"
    DLqr ln+e ) L. . IUt- sbireff n"
    i*ti 4 haxd-otir Wcatr t-= J-
    tr
    G r ri'rc fl*ivry
    ;i

    _*-_.._*"---\J______t-
    f\zila
    's'
    t :,,r.) ater
    I

    t- SaIt- Bofh
    ,
    {, * &il B_-tb

    '':i
    * ^fty:-@
    U

    "g
    c_oob7 sL-o Y"*
    .rl-t$i(
    rlr
    s

    ti

    { r
    l,c I

    inc*ato- irt \r
    l,^e"dttem
    Y
    oPW
    q*n'WZ

    prr,na-*r'"a of tu-ar tr-;,n-s) l-. - i


    sfea-ts qye lMa+ fuekd ond, $ ra s t.o[ dnu.nF :
    rcr p.o{^J <- 10 trao.|txznt- pyre ceJ>^ axd- ?{-s (rs)
    ff-, 7s [n c"ean ed Carc l-lo"do^' i'

    E:

    r.

    .{
    \:
    f:

    @C-b^:,^Z
    Pa.k @
    q,**
    utqid
    o Qas t
    f

    (
    ,'r:a{--:-
    \-,_:/' I

    - u'/
    (I71[],
    /''-''r.

    NaCN
    L

    6
    T

    vt (
    /. [ttar co &l
    ,Sb
    gaco, , &co, (
    lotq

    Ca^bux?i,,g ?s a PYDca'ss "f


    *ff i'^S eqvbot't,'^*
    - {\r td -sru,-{
    0
    =?^*-" T. o":o ,?,,41' iF: 5
    (pecin.c

    q' -
    _ ArE- y o.cVeAalouqLtdrha;'\Auqn'tr,.-luru'ci*4
    acl<eA at'- 6 n d
    -cul{orgh*er*?rea-fare'Cp'vbonf**th{chorcool
    [- t^*'
    ' :. .,
    :'* "Yj:;x;#-$ ]" w
    -i , ( r"t-tq ctv^ cutro *l F b<- Lo-t^ WlbA O7 +hu e yrocaz '

    i i1n ,Q_iqu:d M , atth ouflx t{re--qfut c2\62


    "', u
    buk +tu- b"io, on\ *?rZu ' 'bu|
    : ,o^* ?*A*-d,
    'it-
    ; o\*b is tu5,nr3 i Tt
    tr, iff* 'q'buti'iu?
    U W\snn'ot
    -"i
    -i thu ?* c.e)\ c-a,n hz Orrtorvat-ed q^d di)^o l-hic!1rar
    -')'I EL cets a- can b<- c-s'v\+t"tt''l
    .:j
    I .

    le\
    c)
    (ii) xt itnr tl-i:^A : (tn'"p'eAu't hqvfre- 6s'D

    - dl|/l-s- M@94"
    )
    l"' -
    .Ar,,tna.oura al asa"c
    . u
    '
    -ti

    .*
    w

    ffi
    f,'s
    kir i c-
    r {\)
    {.,i
    w
    lo'./
    --/
    elLtl.
    e
    u>
    ,@
    " Nt13
    ,11
    _€
    @

    e
    a
    t,'D -CJ^nidi? :

    3 o'/.
    gso" Ndcrl
    +
    Nac {

    >?edvtan

    G4* c"v*')

    -rhvo"fl
    f
    (
    'lha-y-
    "v l;
    of
    - vvY.rr-(1
    qunchod ?,tta
    't
    F'

    ..'.-.,..
    , ':

    case-
    cY

    fre ci t% i.
    \:

    '1hi ckoex of Cat e \


    ul
    ti

    \
    ( --> d!-.tn.-) Yextsfiui.t2r e

    r'?
    ,tx ---) [,t4(-r&-fi'c_
    ?.o rur-ab) li
    i

    A
    +A fx t

    I
    lou
    (v) F[o'na ]-tavder,t?rn-A ;
    .
    tnrv( coat Au+fiine
    -t - / fdan"r

    <^ q+(.\nlD' 3- $ra*\


    14u) gukr
    ,rry
    4,rt-o^a Cztlz 0z
    O Cotrurixi*,3 >l 1 l(-orr'
    l3
    @ XautrieJ I I -l'=''
    @ o-'di^iuf I >l ttu
    I rt \,1 n g{nLlL
    S Plaruer\

    :.
    i; Carn- SI^^P+S o\-e @Ea V:atdm.d Od ihtte te-h.ii1uo

    : 1\z position ,f fU* s hould b e <uch t|,"t- ?nney (llr<-


    -B
    f;
    coM-u ?n *^i-+ urth +fu- ,*aJ,zo,)") Tt4z su*?tl is
    a tt^rh ir,,tntj dr'ot.{q quetchr.cl trd h t**ro tD W&ut-
    . .rr{q:r}",nrik *; .*r&c<,r, &ourhilr. low,, cgv bn *+.1*
    -]-,
    B cq^ aifu be- ca-e<_ LtardLuld
    @
    brl,p-'.i^ +t"a}- c_aae ,

    :€-i . :1u-,:t lz<^,^ aYp- weA. q"d,b "f G^<.


    Ptctt.ir'-{ ls \^cr9 Doo\. b..F th!_ Wa^S "
    is \rryh sTr.*ple

    @ *g_ ,it"drn_.-0 b <--ea-tu < at^r_ .t , d-erzL, p waf .[


    -a
    @ -f\ryn,-e,.{
    d{"".*:_;-' *t-*rr^ ru
    , l,^.f"t,47 ,r^/, l orr*T f
    - -E:==--

    G
    D
    E

    -r
    -fLI4pE
    RlNq €
    -(
    Mqvteosita Ts nx-#o*C hord a.^d bri|-.t:l< '(

    t.
    T.. .n"ryo."1 F< '-Tin-
    *.t\!)vs of M-q+edcJ , r""ft"*'i tb rqdilte fl^q bnuu- Y
    I
    YruDe+\wq pmuaa
    crc 3 Vr^
    I "P
    o f ': j "

    l-.t -l; ntpr'lq{ ' T,


    Y

    l4aJtunr -E \.€- I; {.

    (ssD s?o-c. --- Ttostite


    - ) fr" ,"A
    .j uPh' @ud!\Yanu- s !-110r^6+b
    Cqp," fr) (.

    t-

    'Pr
    <a{ 'gi'r fD Eo'b; , Se
    (_

    Thr- . |vroclzj
    +t* BuAttmnu
    E

    j-iut- or a-

    O (oto T TZnpea
    \
    (

    .9[n.<- +h" *arypvurr-fur.< of 4entpsri4? is so [r.o ( -


    +t^+ Ii rio poss)hlf %dflaYh o*LA tr'uo*-l ' h-!nr.o ery t-
    "
    +*h"d in thL tua{€<iGl uuiI bz rtfaawol . Tr"a.
    Pwur,t is u.teA ir^. wA
    (

    ^€ 4qArrlt + Wqtttrr5y trols , -


    ^rol
    -@=

    ei lo!_
    - fS-: ,
    eERAhrrc6
    -64
    - lI;;.
    \,:- ldbalevcx i.s not- a rxe+a-t , noD-rru-+a-l pr
    l;,..,
    Dr.E"4niL PolU r)^!x ?s calt, A 0.t. Ccvnta C-o...qrfi c ,

    -C! -Thr c-pxani c ayL


    , €,-
    ?Yo?e.yLiea +
    f i.: P, oy I "f lMel + dr..fi., V\./ .
    Cat,tduztD

    €>*wu$+ kard a^d brifHe . '


    ,

    _€i
    €;i

    :0V.,el;it,.i5hC0MpYCs1TyLstvelt6'th,.,.
    : @ i 1i71t" 1 ttarryaf 6la.bi lity
    :' TrI- D)aqTqrD 4o, Si O:-
    fl;
    €l*Liluidstoz
    e
    €3

    1S,,,..
    *@
    -@
    -6
    /),,,,urpkrotu
    I A*- " E: Aevi*nfiroh "1

    e ( Qta"
    \ ti ruo -=
    S
    -,,@ .

    @
    AnU figutid rnalcrial r.olun iF is co oloQ u.ill e>libi
    @
    @ 8olidifl.,.ni$rn !r"t
    fr eut<r i ^f+" -rTT - aia6rqh0 a^ol
    ctd
    -G
    *t,*aq LR,,-stq-Qrik{ si ticq ls ce&!A Q..,i,r EK-,
    -e
    Lo t,.i c:lr, qh{ u,t <Q i \ W"*cUa
    I
    ;.-...".,.,.-,
    iI #.?1"1 =H;;Y
    udr
    il
    etd , Thzs<_ .r,tq"ph.{r{r, .{=.[- Ts
    *,#;,ff[
    <ille (kss.
    (losr iw rt'is q uksfqgre sto*< a,xd opw

    ,Y\^{-(.'+"',;i),,lstc-l]s.*ll'ffntt,
    a-Waq\ j',..
    gW ^.4 +{.{ yycau i= ""i4"d
    gry,+i]f'.^fi"Y^
    t1

    ]l

    lr

    (w)
    t..

    Quo Ytz {orat y) QLass c,

    t
    d-

    (;

    t
    (

    t-
    O*
    lol-t-

    Nq<

    'Iou qHEN rr.tQ CIF Gr_4ss

    Cq&-l ar Y

    r_2, '. 1

    A,r \yPY
    ro QW lranrilzsu
    T_> d
    _4ony.ofun
    t

    lJp+r,1 *nttt6 <+ttca (f-,'qwa) ,ytdJ7 +t^( v isr.oe if


    ,f lrrluici k*i s-r^ iotcre-a*15 a.ad at- q. Fqn-li c,'lr.)/
    teo-7'r'rr*u'r't t? | .^j c eyla uo F CI-hh to d{-dd, .r,fu}-t,a,r
    Ca

    ;i:
    il is frt*d u^ eotl'd . TtlA<_ ieturypoftu.r- )= E
    ^.,_0bd
    qha Tvarxrliora Ten^pwa-fuw- TY*'^E
    "*y ?ntr"*t .
    '.tu,*,,*\vw s trera ?n -lt{_ Ir_fo* ,p e4es-s _
    ,;k*' y
    "ni",,.
    attae_ *^^pruseiw_ strre,oa ,tol_ y
    eul^p *[--'
    cr,atu ?*ffV^h* eff\cL,t-t- ) bu{- h* uqhtn rrq \<

    gl4^. brvatul , t- braa"(s Tt,. -s.ua-ll p ico- kqj:h y


    \-
    tlud 1\tp;q- fuytn b< a(111nrplisiro)
    .tt,c o
    u1'
    ^ttj 9a1\

    o
    {

    (:'

    r,:
    \
    t
    A(+"o cAfVlD

    yn4prylu ^rd t

    +Ht P l:_

    Y
    t-..j.- i.
    "

    slre*r ea t
    .E
    (
    I

    ., k 0a ufq \
    i. .

    r.lq I
    t

    (
    ko: t
    4
    t-

    (-
    I otY

    Soda-.0-inna sontples aye dip7eQ,"t*l-


    6Lass
    gJdiu* o-ul f"\
    f*.tu'ffCn
    KNo: bq*h otpnvts Prq-8

    urll be- "*+!^.nd bX pota<siuro ato rnE. Sfnrn


    -Ih/'L<
    expar"A, but- tha 6r< rc-stnc-{- its rh,ofi &u'
    ta-lqh '<h-a-ssgs' n SUY
    ?n su"f*cg , b,u{ +t4{
    fs ve)ty .sr',ta-tl ,
    U

    1"1

    C-nf""maho")
    g
    g€^a rotattoo

    e ' n tbz'rnos.*h14 lasfi c, i"e ' c]?ss- fun Aw?


    J
    F
    ,.7 o*orns, ,or.^.d. , @, ,rro-{Sr.:,pt^+t,,.i€,' tV tentp.wa-k..u*r.
    ; ";.;;" ")
    ;' .Jr=:'il;'n ;;; ioor.'.'
    t'"tgui" fio,ror,.
    '

    --
    l,,,zat-ir,.q *f^rorntotn-t+i*:
    '':' ( pLoxtici. i t- ud ll buo-n
    , b ut-
    ) {-
    c
    e irI A o', ,t ' .
    tlut( (,3*n bz.u,rr>e -of,t. Sn orpa.u-tc poly ru-Lrs C* c- cha:
    t

    **
    @ -
    Cru,r -f"-ke cU'ff€"o^i 1fivu- ctr'rdrr8-,^oL"al sNapez bZ
    rw[++r,7 ftugj"+c.]**^6
    1- *\'b€"d u"fri@. th-u?
    pb * nt-aia€rt i s ;-fld 'Gufu*'nrafier,t ,t r"
    "t
    t,
    uotrlc-r' p"td Mrrs' arq ,uf+ ,rY* Se,
    C* C- .bo,,.d ?s ow ,f +gu_ <tnrg"al lgo,o,n batnQ ,
    U\
    rf , F): 4aw,e_ oP (.i tro'+&rw,r)-*\
    Pol;,n^w
    L= t'3h ol IW, f

    'fhlrl,
    I

    -f,

    ( Ba n+y
    *vaudnryt*dd:Y

    - \4-

    Brq- 4 "i
    :-
    Bt q-q q't q tp* or pt- li cs
    t'.

    ""'o
    €-

    , " 1i-- '..'"':: " :' ' : l"'" "" ':


    'v
    ;r \:,

    -{c-
    1

    , L
    L1- E

    t 'r)
    E

    I (
    ,?€L
    r-l H
    zt\,y leru.)
    hH tl

    P t Po.typrop;rle.u-)
    Po16
    P
    i::
    E
    HC[ e-
    a-
    Ir H CeH,s- E

    +L c*cT YPl
    tt*c\ *-
    e

    I
    HH
    I + ctt' \
    G

    ? v c- ( Poty ui ngl chtori&)


    I-l n €

    l!
    Ps C Po tysfuawnf
    (

    :a, ;?1---.,:;_-::--- -- _-..,


    -1h e{rno Ptalt-lc s -- loh
    replon ( ?T trE)
    0
    (c^t )
    o ABs ( STrerrt)
    ta;
    Arr6lo'Bq{-a dU
    r:-:
    i:-:
    i
    .
    "
    *t1:'
    L-:' 'Jhermosztt-iry?.
    U;{
    Ba[1e.tik 6 N6,(
    - on O E?""ff {t'"^Pos)k")
    .il,.: ..:....:. .t"-',

    -ti: r'\ra'to,rrobile- Aoru-;aoa Ees


    .-..:
    ':.
    (r.' r'i.) a$:RP (Co'b'on- Piuv'e \d^?r'aruu^f P{z/h'c)
    \
    \1,

    ,)tl ) GFRP (C1t*t Fi nve Rei fu'*Na.^k


    lta$ic,s)
    ':'.. .;:i
    '\**-r'
    .. . ."; j i ':

    ..\-

    e RySTALLOqR4Pl-l v

    O BraY ious Lath'czr>

    Cubi c 0 Suptr tub,":


    =

    -?'*" [9] o-.sz


    non
    {lt 1

    q3 =
    Co * a"dsw*h'o't Ng-:6
    ( r.iu
    -I . P aforu-l in
    ,, w06t',Uo-"rt'"d
    )

    -.: ::.:.-:-:: ::-d.::


    -9i

    O w% @t*d ,;i,:

    n =t/gxt +l : Z
    z*9/rrr r2
    App = \r,
    4.2

    Co *ordit^o*ion lt.lo =

    L^r.
    @ I \_\_

    +3

    Ar{^2_ =lt{
    t'

    i-

    HCT r-t

    +. r3
    t.

    *xt>- t-
    6 ^3
    a-

    AF'r 2 o"Z\ ' C.N = lZ 1:

    {'.

    ':1

    tt: I
    t.

    (-
    (

    t'-

    r: :.:;a .i', Ir::1,;:.,..: -.-'--j.-.-r'.- _ ..-. :-, :a!:: ..,,: : :. :, :. ..,,.


    I oz{

    C nys*al D ['..#ioo
    *#i-l

    [" y xJ
    i i, ati r rctio n ^NO
    x l-e
    L ] "f er ys*uf
    'tbe- t-oLr.af,eve

    uovi tlen is 3-D c-r*otdioaJ'<, Pd"t-


    ad bA j eir^-i
    5
    L c t-6 +hz ov)gQiq uee +Q-l c'H"tral d-Irech't
    r rnL
    r)o-
    E!'as
    -kh ' (l
    v, U I
    : ,
    [r)hatevarr i-s tp1a n^-qrurrrurn ouM be* in b r51c k" Ce1t b<
    F I

    '41 .
    .ro1r, g ; ir).,1p1- d O) St <€_ C'L uu-r'[- cLu .

    6o',J
    r

    D TO

    .11
    \{
    a IrrDl v-:

    E:

    I--.1

    I
    , ." '' .: . .

    -1
    tt' t w -o'sJ
    ,..
    '-J
    0 [r o -at
    L)
    \,r,1
    .(

    I
    a
    I

    t.

    v ,

    El'

    t
    {TNEAR DENI srry f.
    E

    i.':.. .'.',:.,.', ''.-',.'...:.',.' . t" F .af,-"ns. t:'

    ^g
    = lsflib o( d,twct;on
    a

    \
    6.

    0 Sc [roo] =
    I
    t:

    q (
    -:

    8cc [r rrl : EG- 2_ t


    & t

    o Fcc [rro] =
    2
    q ,,fL
    €

    l.*

    (-
    I
    I oL6

    Fo 1 itg .r Ei"acttoo S
    I

    * ::,-
    ::-J

    ll
    f Lro se- possr b [r- di rcetioo"t i n ud [- c-aU rot'u c[""
    t"t
    4 I

    el'l'
    f,i,?.a .**-rr.r.q- [i,,,-oq". i.s cr{Xqd .f.*k { cturcdou

    ltoo) l
    [t o oJ[o ro], [oo il,ttool, torof,,[oorJ @
    /.\*-
    *,-..i[*nt ,1 [troJ, LTrol,
    :T} L-rolJ [ottl

    ; r= ''ri'7 -= frrrJfrr,l['rrJ[rrr]

    ':r.t
    i RYST-A) L ?LAN E g (n4,LLtrR rNDrcrs)
    \-
    tir
    ldboFzrrav is ucvr+tar^in brqc("t ol tr;*e{d
    i-e - redpwcal
    "F ?ntev le3t
    i

    plane gr1 nri ltAy I ud-i co


    a
    L'A
    (h tt. P) - n ti ( tr-r in c[-r'ua
    &
    q
    I
    I

    Eq
    ":, t2\

    B
    B
    s
    #
    -B

    E
    -p
    B
    I
    0 o'u)
    i:

    (l r) t.
    $
    aJ

    {i

    9.

    fi

    ril it

    d\

    '|1
    (

    I
    I oLt
    w

    ?CAN E R DEN s lrx


    r-..

    * :-,\
    oo. clfo1;
    "f
    a$,aa of V0ane

    Bcc (rlo)
    0 sc ('oD @ Fcc (too)
    lrqArv
    :I

    It

    jjl
    ,q Lt
    +-- {7 a

    4l-_6r---->
    I
    *
    -"::
    -lt

    . \4n7

    't nQane^ urlthin' tht uui (- u\ urL'l ch


    uf - ^^"0-t , Tlanu
    Ali *hose Possidz-
    f"*b + Ptanot
    -l

    + tto,ra sqr)^a Vlan<, dtt"V aw cAil'A


    fi

    e!
    l-:t [rool
    }J =6 ItrtJ
    a

    f tro! = I2
    :.$

    DtST4NCE
    \'+ v'+ lz
    @

    e
    F$

    B
    E
    'B

    B
    ?
    B
    ) :.r -,:--;. n.,:-..:ir+=.':. ,_' - ' "r
    >7

    )r

    li

    t.

    iZ

    \Y

    f'

    r::'

    {'

    ri

    /:
    ?

    i;
    s
    t
    c

    lrr::i:r:r:. I
    I r:r- :-l :,:_j.,:.1Ej.
    i'rr'riil

    o
    r oqnng Iernperature

    Ihermalarresh F
    ilibrium freezino Tem

    -r<-f
    PAGENO.
    Expendable llold pacessca

    DATE: l, I
    +
    new mold must be c emploq E peffndnenhr
    cdsh n9 rBwable mo lC .

    {L

    rFi o
    :l
    _i

    :--
    ,.6
    +-- --
    -- - - -. -. - - -..---
    Manufacfurj |rroce55e5

    Replira o product to be tndde

    t lhe r$fd metal or tpoocl t,irr,, thaf


    t<

    holdsthemoUi@

    .ZEPEE_F-07@miret7.gh;t,-i9-mal6a-a6-a-rnora-J
    -6 p-iodUce-rfe IiErnal*-ruatlree -of
    I

    ai-- casting strch as holes or i


    Core frirrfirti=I6,',il Ar feature +*at iE :added b a,pdffi
    ^rLiLUlg- 11
    -f' ls ued. tt
    to locateiE supporf i,.crrol tr-rlfhin th:e moa
    PAGENO,

    DATE: I I
    Sr,ip, -I
    vfty;- The rnold rnaterial t he cores frien ombine to prorJrrce a
    I P..pgr*ff

    tomplehd notd cavity I a shaped hole into whirh the rnolten rnetnl l+
    is Nod corl
    ured 8 sotraifed b the desired osh b axr

    ?nsile fone
    n=Or :,u
    lr

    -h,
    lpcan

    Vacaniy elim;natrs
    CASTIN

    + b/r,, groing:: natninlid_


    -!ap
    i

    12 -Better- rnechanl-calproperhrs-

    -2-only, duchle qodfenalg ean _.[e__tx wd* : [h e mod irrrf

    (i) SUnkaqe
    .-l
    ii
    l-
    I
    i
    Drsired
    ill gly
    obJe6. r-t!iz-e.4
    J
    I

    : -p-rele,
    i
    _l
    I

    Take his --+


    I
    I
    9fieet ---"-.**
    I

    ,l
    is udd,

    +
    to produce a - ncalrocy E surfa6p
    *,rii66
    - ten rnebal is
    l*,ofoorp@
    t) Cosb.

    - dnq eliminater
    CAsT rry( :

    Aliou:dnres to be girren h fhe ,Datternl]


    '\ telected.
    I Fro* tn
    Iii). l*lachiiring gr finrsh
    -1[t-19".{p-,eg. !4-2Ct-Q1furen
    ,Ig

    Jrg _Ihak q_
    __qL_ Ra_p p, n g,
    __Jv) D iEtor hb n_= o
    Lfa,r1_[€I
    jh,'4;q#j'--
    SbnA larSt 6lla.i+acc)
    (r) Shrinkage Allotoan(es:-
    ' h '
    - i:i i i;ei{ti :,1 !:],.j:l.i:.ii,r r,-, ii-"{i1.?i.:i,!',: l.tl,,
    't: A{gngth
    ,,*.#l'
    =;lgryt!da,
    :i:;il;.:'.i..ri'r'i.,",.,r.i,.'..--ii,rir',r,-,1 ,;':.'-_, :- (l lCItgl

    L> During sotid,f,cal.itrf,:,of rnateriol inLo castn€I

    L,'qurd-

    +
    s Shrinkag: r
    .tses thp dimpncronc althe clrsird, prodvL -iJ
    yr)

    -Xh+lhrinl<age orrrrrs 2 -
    {..,J

    Ienrp)'.Ip LA +' ti')


    T- providlng Lhe
    r;
    T
    ..:

    Rrser ( Reservoir of the molten qIqry_ar


    Liqutd rnetat) shnxkdge-0r

    rntn heat t hansfer lakes plate. i!


    I
    ^-l'-l ..r , i
    t

    .i

    th-Ei;;;;FI;f-

    coh be rornpenmfd bt 'f'g ih'a srie-.ol t6[

    i--t
    oftera . in- -the-$rm- nt shri-nltag e-/ -conkathbn---ailo-ura ntes-
    I
    t---_-
    Ifi'cge cah' 69 expretsed in termis lo}'lrpear
    drrneru
    . castllgi'--;', ,'*-l -,-,t;. ",
    ,,' "
    ull, /431 ,
    Oei*tV rnalroal
    =,ttrd'rl "t
    perfrcf rysbl tahf,r. lormg . aqurs .

    s Shrinkage Vdlue for


    aifterenf maferials t-
    (il Bismuth -+ rueotroible

    (l,l Wtiite ;etat * 5rnm


    tIin.;
    (iiU fash
    lron -r t onm m
    I
    i (Lut(o)+
    the
    (v) Cqpper -; ,b nrn lm
    0rl4Lqr-ryq, * tlnm lm

    0)Desl
    1g_e4q|1_&Ll[_q9!!.Ljbu]r beroco _ 6,>
    shnl kage ailouoanre ilJ!"__rg*q o

    _.1 material,

    P-taa--e{
    -r For lo00 ---Zamm
    -+<_-_\

    t50-r3,
    8O ..--- 1,6

    ;f-rha
    -,l]aru.a
    nreJ---
    Paiturn
    :
    &*y'o.rtlon.- i*ii" 1i"r'1 i 1

    z_i...: l,:1"
    ilrring sojidifitahbn + stre of cashng
    NO. 1

    DATE: I I
    b if ,ritl stishfly s1 6hrin

    due fD

    iou,rcnf E-,E1rrf6E:.

    *U_qUEIq_p_rcDe{
    -
    __-l_uge! h es .

    lll+hflr1- +uqr,nds-'

    ...Machining o-r
    ["arJuie -In -fhe-
    ' I+ Am6i;rr
    QrJ€shont-
    lf rTould -ri
    try I .qan{l rnnrrH
    cast-imn-hln
    [:onxro "ta rrnno]-ig-h-be*casl in -

    Shnrrkage- allo u;a rue fo r pa ttr rrr- -rnatLng *b !- Ihe raho d


    +olume-ot-the l:'afberu-Lthe lolurne- of the--rashng-lprlLhe--
    Co o'rse q j

    i
    i

    t N)El--&r-fv, casf iron the nolio ol volume Cl4E,qP$g t


    '
    ,

    i-r-,*.l"6r1 "*l",rth
    toi ol l o ther rnafen als
    I

    - li--ma rr:-rrr,r,
    Que'' n
    ,!.r/.;.1::,:i:-.

    n CIbiije
    : ,.i:

    Shrfn $ Vqiyryqtitg 'sol,U conhaih-on o echvel,

    F50ri

    3,9 rr fl/ _-

    ttn n*uu;r
    ofrn

    ,s
    fine qroln ? less
    tl , t isr
    better surfare linrsh
    fub \ lesE perrneabrli
    [oqrge gra,I
    Permeabili *
    Is rnore
    blorc holes , powt 0(tul5 .

    -.,r mafen als


    The 0dg.h
    -"
    ' : 'r'''

    t,',. ii.:rrir
    *ugl,,surf26 Due Lo tEr!
    {-fn rsh i.' !',
    ;-
    ' -:
    Due Lo rhii fhrs Lh e' cl&
    - "hij

    --) -ys allowlht


    of marhryl in

    -) The arnLin

    - {rSt
    t*t5l

    >l xk

    Sd&+othrn-

    jl llp11q1tog1gl the parfrng tfq_

    #' ---*- -- itlfe drrtrllbn


    Dur:mo- 11,-e -na *,i'ry---
    r _^ ^ t^
    J Hs{r5e-r--tl,e_rrc,uidjng matertal -strck
    r _ r
    {.o_the_ sunare_0f_+raturn_raalrnal
    _

    _ hr^ uouy rlo,*j_rl


    pOfbern- the- -tttoeld sorm_r]falan€
    ACIrr1
    - u:_ill Oe_ male=
    b{w 'patkr* & -f1re.,-+,rud- by
    srrorrrn Ltte our*r, g . - -
    i'
    i.'le4.*#*f '!.#'ffi
    Due to thrl slr_e-^_ot_ths,, tavifrrT u:i'll be shbhfl
    "','t

    t ?rs Lhe sbe +t el. pal,trr,rr' u:ill be slr


    "p

    -) -yg allowahe e pafltrn.


    -) Ihe arnounf oF shake Allsrt:anrc will depende urDon
    e adi.:lecl , li) 5ll'll ol Lhe erat-or.
    t it) 51', B size oL the tlern.

    - r, fhe_casfiry

    ilLclffendt---.

    ---+-
    ;
    t
    Lj (amber,
    -t=-

    -'l:a[,Strck
    '-..-0In

    k iost-
    +
    PAGENO.

    DATE: I t

    --._
    Double shr,)

    L+ doeg--rrot heiof-lsed-eru-- Jonger hrne Allot aat

    5hr.in e -,ul'l

    +&
    Double Shiink,
    lF th
    Suifare hntEh ig g*,1 ,

    dnd thrc rnptall

    --l' \grq&s_qe.rillon tlten lor t tlt

    kr )OLOn (*.t
    l+-torrger-Ufe*---- rn aster Lw€11?

    l-trniLa!;,;r5 Tof
    t1 r_>
    i Weiqhf oT {h
    High Terng gas
    " L, LoeE + mdre.

    L_ b forr'oErbrl Io,.
    Qs i^tte
    ffaqh'cs
    *Po l?*

    Ib-prod'ure-; lrr 4atJri-n i lvo ,,,.,oisE,rt

    ILJ,Pre pare -a-ustr/ ptl*- fipL


    +
    through caskog.

    !t-.l'eng Ln tl ,v

    ?e-: i:.i:::F=l1: :-- :- --


    PAGENO.

    DATE: t 1

    Patkrn
    IAlurninium

    Arhng
    [Sfret

    to the pof krn, fpr u:oor/

    {-irnrLahonr For
    IlrepaftJ-- Ivlelaltrt Patterns
    !, Weiqhf of the ttern .

    _ mP 9a5
    b LosE ) more .

    b
    _Coirosion mi.: kr,ou, *frr^1,

    Itne
    " Polyursatlr eh€- , {b,l, fugynuote
    Fr)vanta

    Lkhri;il
    L, No ,.,',ois fu re a b hbn
    h-&!kr-_ariace 6nish
    t, Ng-!q ftostor't

    :11

    !6^eryth :11!_ veqlyrr

    q.1. 5:+iqjf.:ari;jq!:?.- 3itE'iit'Jl3::8.:tr-1-r.i::":a::.ga;,::ij-j!-i.:::ti..i-r: i:.,-.-l


    . ::. ': , .t.,.,..,l

    Iypur of ,rijtteiist-"' -

    il:- IT.-..-
    Li) Sotid or Stngle h:-
    $s densitq it l$ fhe objett 'to be prccJuced
    Ltera rrlillcorn e is yerq Slrnple in
    shape 8 size ruifhout any rornplex
    ,rrf.* we can selecb solid,
    rison. or sinqle pierc
    tY!, I(een lhe
    rn_&e d raq box
    guch fh af one of itE surfare uiilt nratrh with

    pa tt e rcr*orl . b e
    -spro-r r:1o -:#;:., ffiffi ##i#; t
    Affe,, the
    96 .p
    rernoved s;eporatety tron rope ,8 dmg

    'Lenrp61ar.y
    gunt,

    F-tt lhe paffern-js-* haurny -+crnpler $apes-


    -[sorne-p]ryrj?b "g_*_--- i
    -
    -Srir+le pleff-=-o{- +f-L,p tkrn*Jl*@rl1on .-- _
    1'n 1i:r -lelietni -uilLJe.- - Separals-d &om- jhe rnaln- -- -i---
    -_. -

    - ;4arOkd-5F-iir Lhr nr att-ootL-Attpr--ltruaa


    I '.
    i oI
    -
    { he
    i-=...--
    . - inain 4arb iLhr loase-piecec, --c()L) -be. j-d rt o*d-- Ihaugfi tlr e-- -. .- ; sJ (eg'r,pldJ_l

    ;
    I
    !
    +---
    Q) Sq.,eeo PaLhrn.-
    ./ ' : ..:-... .l

    PACE NO.
    ]-- ) o\L-
    DATE :

    Lqan'] Saod
    (507 511;s6;

    projrLlor9. _- Front \li

    Segnen l"

    irr."i={Ix?.-.rrfi. r: r:r:i-=l :.:i:i ;-1.a,1: ::*:.i: ' j.:a;:::r-..-..1;a:.:.:.--a*€-*4"-i r-:'| a a: a


    a'
    ro prodg(e 30 .objert_
    the pafLer# can be A:.-...1 .f :

    n,
    of segmehte . One sErnent c13rll be faken $ rltdttl tn

    moufi h geL JD
    e,lfin mould cavib,l.

    Dti{ferene b/p .Swee rnenlal Pattern

    ;l
    'Tlofmq, -. -is -doh "
    e t-tt-horizmi lal ? rrarha R=--66gm6lb
    i-
    in verLical dirqlton ? Sweep .

    <-Pattern. , Io produre*r
    Ruo nerl
    i_ rrlk\ pmh

    rrill be aac
    gqhng_ etgI
    ,

    loxsunrc djn--magrpoducibn-- Io o,vcsonc-*lhls-r,o-nf_

    a tiry -# em enlt"--A[fu-#re ram@-=-_-=*_


    rued_.tdvlty-uliJlbeforrndalnngurLtLgabauqJrmenb5,---._-i
    -tI rcnoo-vrd--
    t-t

    Lr
    - srrnpte-soljd*p&tferns on[y- be . usd.
    ,r-
    --F ldrrrnlng _.r
    .t
    =-'o-Lt1trea-t
    E

    -l-
    )o91

    u;tbl-
    'p

    tluni.:et

    Ylafcfr ptahe
    qhd,P'altein
    no, of oati
    eLerrents .

    :Il, rlly-_ n maclrne rorfa,ng]gE


    _r __

    ry::_10,
    @,!-!eth-ffiffi*#
    or Patrerns is SOt[ alonq
    L{P!fife!J- th.lG;,h,
    the svrnirt ,l'& u.,ru
    + i

    ialong

    ,demenB -------.
    Fol lo tr: boa rd-F^Iood1

    bt'-rr rtu rril;


    5olraifrt---i:i

    The rnolfen rnetat cpill be allqr f*''"' {


    ! ea , ,_ ^":"1 :: .1ll|':d,mto
    lt e[mwuv ,u, re*il
    hF o$

    -- l$oltpn .l4ptal
    ,nilemd: mekrl bl,.rtr,

    .*.-*fieldlic at eeramlc m}tertal urhr)rh ran then--bs-farrcd c,'tl-h f6e_ |

    .,*.rl:olfen-,noetaL.etwn+-thr- po:tnng- &3Xing =o,t-Jhe-mold;,r---.


    .- +----_._-.=_=._
    i

    i v-

    the .molrpn n*aL- &rki


    --tc-Eluxer-ured-h-corver d problern
    L:ar

    ydruurn . _i;n_

    -en$ro
    * i
    ses----_-

    Yauturn aqdssrnrf* 5V_rAy5 the molLen metal tnroug6 a


    _!

    en uironmenl 0L
    - pfe5ture" .
    --- -

    lereates.-a...-lar4e -e urfare.?rpa. -E the -amo-ual. of -clri snlud


    ,
    ' :a:*e:1BE
    .';:-.i18ilt
    5olidifrrafibn 5_!1qnkqge :- -.,
    i:. :i
    -{
    ir
    i

    PAGB NO.

    DATE: I t I o3&

    5olir)ih'can'on

    5olrd. i,l tfietting poinF

    tlid Shrinkaoe iS rare


    -J-
    d problern b*,u. th€ h?elal
    nttt' t*)ttttoue5
    _ qTglgi.ry
    9!_b.=_.__-
    -Urd-ga5 i., -,-,'-::"'' rD

    : - conha*ion .

    --j'"'in@
    ' |€vthlooots-E co*racte

    t+ thea
    ha low
    :rQren sand_,_ rr,qod reA"acf-oriness
    t4*uiiing flrcress L
    -,,-of-di5
    sol.ud the
    Abllirryof @
    ffiiA,n$ aanil
    roithsbnd hfgh
    Silita -+oyallabilrty +
    PAGENO.

    fl
    DATE: I I

    Segmentah'on of rocks

    Nalurdl chv:- ufrd a5 rnaleria I.

    - --0&!e!re

    _, tl{d iry_su n(jlryl t, ari q


    ry_ q1|frr:eq[_st@rroryress

    bjreg lsJeu@ e!,'4


    "
    oeeree-u"iol,o..l----=--i@,{"
    ---- -'s,
    r rt of the rashrro , + slag io the 1l5iivrg -
    .:rn)UI Ii l15
    baise
    X,g Ft 1:

    More

    Llyolume o.l- flie- ajr passing through the specimt -

    pooo e-+ i
    --4.--
    j
    ... _-
    -',--'. .--..
    1

    I
    t-
    !

    _l-
    = 5'08 crn.

    It,

    I
    b gas* CIill trapped irxide

    rt-rnolho r+After ooltdifitry. t.clvitq. ,rff


    iJ,

    De fecF-+ bloq.)lroles
    Lfpn hoHr,

    sral-' ---_- ;t e/dve g?s, , Vent holes


    Qle.wyJ_]Jy_igd

    loa rue !raix--lrrrnobilii is hi$ h

    pI
    More fl13, 207.
    claq, ermeO bilr ttps

    b fur u;ater

    4
    Ifl
    rlr-engrh,,- \.,
    l;
    Max.
    green 5and:-1
    Qrbrrl
    Dry Sand 1
    due. t

    becorne d-,,

    4 sond' c
    Unlversal Sand Iesh
    _!r td m,-al
    br
    fue tuou

    4) Hodnesi.-
    Yould Har,tne
    irl;
    i( [.1
    -T, t' P 'Cornpre5sloh .

    :Shiar
    1-

    iqmqye thgfqtterl ? relq! the

    on'the

    HadneEs + -(e

    --hme.n-5acll;:- - i-
    -lLllu*and- -ui&-ron laLnl_-2:l/.- of-u-ralerjhen rLis -
    . -kla -greeH- sand- Jo rebain shape & size ol lhe rnoutcl rcvny-L
    --b hresl,r.]
    , -to--tutl{- .furces apptied -br7 }he .molfen- ttguid atre/al - IJre mauLdrr
    i- ,-

    j
    - "-1--
    i
    I
    -
    a

    1:i.9rEj-:La:.:ir:!ia...,1._1:_-':.;.t:;t!t a:"i':-:rr
    ,,',,,I:irj;lffi
    *-oatrnal) 9:rn-.ru:d*qreehshrng,th,,.. ,r' ':' ''j#tli !

    .i,, ' ll'jl


    '

    Dry Sand -r Ta1he mollen rnel-al un@ia


    cgY,i{, due,
    - Id hrqh trmp. the Earrd zround

    bV the mo
    t:
    Shen HotSfrengf-h

    fh
    4) ttardness;

    Yould Hardness Teste,r:-

    -+100

    70 rs rnore

    Lr Harclness ishioh

    Restitarue indenlahon

    ,,:en -tLj5-".

    rld tnvr[y -L -

    rl - - Ihe -nmutd- i-
    Hardnlss value is legst
    c b-r lhe * i lYlould avty ex1>andS

    ii.':--:'.' irtr:.l: i .:.:


    'v' ":

    Dlrnenstornl stabili{u drsfu


    I
    15 more

    (stratching)

    t+ Attrathc_;

    [oheslven er]-
    _e_gr$tT dlll, t+ Attracfia-

    Therrnal Corizlur

    llapsibilitrt-
    b nblrtq iolrr

    Slteot sbve r-tAbllrlu nl HL o


    gebred
    tv0

    _t+Adrjrfrves AMeA

    IGil--=+---. 5a* clusl

    n. -t--
    -
    ELI__:__ -. l0irtl
    zf,
    _

    :-fireraE- g nzu
    1

    l ---

    i lto''ti, J +'
    - Tf-luil -rndrale - iyt--aydin.ilLe -dtskrlrirho-n--Ln-asand -sampL. l'--
    r ' .;;":- facl-uJ- i toaldrrI, I
    --^- 8i-* MullLphrahbn
    '-.;-,; 'J7
    i
    1----_- ._

    olverr bv._AFS .
    Ii. -9_--_-...._..r
    -r.-. l /\r^ i
    ""ii
    t
    'n-=-
    I
    ,l

    _f
    rt,jja,.

    on each s leew,,
    PAGENO.

    Pfra: t t

    l'[ore tne. qran Porhil?


    t-1,

    t , Ihe ow, h Attrachbn bltp two dtffe*rt purfr.ctrs,


    re than fi (oheslvenee5 j-

    rd in the
    - lnEion al stabr,/t Theirnai torrd i,chvihl:-'
    ( ilapsibilityt-
    t+ nUrritV to crush
    the matenat .

    e same oddil'ivo dre beinq added

    ttu n Jiui .liiu:i"5iir"iJ",


    to htgh lrmp ,

    r.
    !---=__,_
    :-tAOrlrty
    {-1!q ye_yllysond
    ltIU rdflyroltapse b rake the rmh
    _q_ql--Iht_lgl be improvod b
    94dirq sau,,duEf 8 rood *lour .

    Hardney,

    I
    I

    ','..j
    . t;: .,
    .;., : ,,.: ::

    -
    _,_,l
    -.ir .. I'rr

    /l \ov!-

    Ihe r"uhole of {he orl- is qeh


    120 trmes/ynin I c/rcpped

    Plttngen

    {orieg.

    BoLh the ?uhntques ;t:{xxs


    t- Jnhal inveslmenF
    are used is reXutyed
    --)

    md55
    Ptoduic
    _---
    J ri@_gqry11j,r nroutdrno
    :-qaJ4_q$q o rertain herqht b ib
    btocks, qqlrrq I min. tue h nd *,f f q,t-

    ld nufirus':n tuu
    ; r/--"
    i- l- reslufu3le1elril;
    b-s ilr 1,
    j this aer*utrn,.-.
    Te!14
    (oPP19 ##
    -+ to botti:nr gurhre . r. rrr lh|la,6n6r, -:-.r:-1:
    I ''/- *- *__::Y
    4-.7t ,:!J1:;t lr
    uor} rne ,echnlwes ln dclual,.proch ,,
    ili{ botii sg,ueezi i'8 J, ope,6*,u '.,,,t=ffif"5f
    il corn binety operaLed abg fo f the The mu*r
    ','
    ll
    on theI (r
    ::--

    (ii1 SaM,Stinqmg;- 10
    ,!

    _5

    ,"1
    ql.

    j Chaple k arv u
    ieWr<irEr;Less -"-E-{"th 4 are ffir:lutlic
    i INREJ---
    }ven I Eledrtit
    \+iik€r?=:.

    Unb:'lr

    ChapleR

    t, to P!{Vcs_ hqlLota @!iag

    -,::', r j:t ;9),.j::.,r:i


    a
    aflJdt'ing'orp h'n n5

    The molfen
    melal exor:ts 50rne u nbalanc
    on the , ff rn e5 the mre disol

    P = vgapm - DI
    ror"
    J( 3,54c
    ti:ilgf P+ &ovon q 'force
    Ve Vofume of brc

    Pcsre') ),
    tt Cofe malerial
    A1:) tore pnnt Ares_
    in cm'. (surhrc Area

    Jhe_nrould* _._ , Lhe core uqaru

    -be-laJrrs 4)at!--
    ",Ilue'
    Chaplefs arc used to
    SUpport the rcre
    n-E.r{h
    used lbe core
    \{pporF rnsicle the noulcl .

    t+tne chapte*
    mdlerldl 5arne aE that & {hetiqutd
    ryto1t'n !?ehl ,
    -
    . ;., ". ' : .- '..:_' -: .

    Qlqlqrco '----_iJr, - 3,5A

    t, ror
    ry d unbalanced bu anty forces 2g rirnl chuotrf
    i i dred is uired-
    ihadobf,ice ramicfhdtir,'a:f , -,
    $tuurinli

    Desrgnr

    Splosb if {here is turbulenreT


    gnter info rn
    p{1mote5
    {re vel . of gurhce -*r
    h,qptt-.tetaf- B eroston ol mold.
    oF

    --_-.-.--]---
    fie g0fi'?g_glg.n.rF_qrc[ that rnolhen mefal can be enbered
    _* ir) Dsign hg

    ---txqq th,-rusld*c0yily- p-rUpsl--{y- grylgl I g,rylgryl_-

    ,d

    l
    I

    J.----_---
    ot a.r
    (":'
    o..

    )01

    -1Io sbp the *otten metal ternporarily

    ?f&ing the purin bosfn to,duce the rnolf.nlretal veloaLtl before


    eCIter irrto lhe p,;;,.Due to thts_
    suyhce
    f/oabin on top
    of #re ligutd rnetal . that can b" tn

    LP regions are

    ---

    eabiti\ oIT[
    wlilrclt cdls{n
    inou ld urai,l .

    ,rrfl t,
    this Oltnrrq ahl
    gaes lu orrt.
    r be enter
    V,' ingde lhe sp.rrt:

    ''ill be rndxlnru07.

    m.
    ol.Serwcl infn {he ler r
    f.loqft:

    mcn bs ,

    -n+-rrdh-ax ef&rL tlre _


    Due fo manufaclu ring Otft:iutty ffe slrope

    consMered ao fapered cyltnder (Invuted


    LlTapered sprue aiso preyepp
    ', vorfex formahon

    i** Y, = Jk[
    v3 : fiilEril faea I

    u u
    It
    iAIc A;
    At

    I
    I
    iv

    i L) to rcduce
    t
    r- of runnF.
    i"he dep+tr,

    Ar*=-*437s,2qn?ro
    1::i: , lf i'i,ui,gj '.,.",':':#fj.;,.i#ii1l;;i.f.ffi,1,r,,,,1,;;'.i:=-.s
    ' :i -o-..ilr. -,'..,
    ,..
    ^'.f, /,'-
    ir riil
    .-";++*,lt.
    q!26,29.
    1
    : i

    /otl5'

    * Io,al
    Yr= V2gthsthr)
    * A,fua i = ./rq dI x zso
    --a----..--_
    = 2Zl3,f nr

    - tths
    hc

    t/&l

    -\<
    XmoezorCol Ll5
    =--_-_

    h r, reduce furbulenf 1ffi5e5 of rnolten I ud rneta I the ehape


    t)s of trair 'dal c

    be_eonsiderer,l d5

    ulq:lnSsxd---
    ha
    -]:-----..-.. L> if will lqtelhe tbw oi tlre iigur d melal u,hrch
    G-_ tqcnEnag *_
    s,rt-m
    "{.ru{u/se __"tr. r,I . - ndtr.kl rav"[y_
    - -Iher6-dre--_fp urJrpes.:---
    L-

    !1Eil!a"'ri:xtrja:a j.:-,r:'
    a.lloouaust
    t tjJ lop Qate IVerfrcal Q*rxrr-r fo drreal,i**t
    :arathLa- to conlrul
    frr), Botto rn QaLe' shrnrkage
    cashj
    to rnlnrmi
    [iu) Por linei'0afe lashtnn
    J'

    ful ibp Qate

    + lilling of t,rebol

    surlare of AviLy rS veiy-


    rn lesg,

    t'
    L> fo orotlurc mi'r

    Jf the 4dle *ir roroviaed--aUhe-futtoto li-theqlre3-or 1lohp


    --rnoulil ralifrJ- - is klA - as lopgate-*-Ii-Jhrs--fu-velo"cr9lt+t,rr,l
    -meLalrtirL-rirnfelng--rn lo' fhp - -naill-la
    -hrgh .- Dirrla--Jhr-lt-ui tll- be--utd-jor--{eanw--rx?1

    '_-
    ru E
    -F *"KE-
    +-P E - :'C .
    ?i;'i:::..:-!::: Y-Y. :. ru. !f ltLlitsf-

    Il
    u
    .., I

    "P
    i-,T 2 PAGENO. : :

    DATE; I 1

    Pri V,
    f

    VC ui&l : qI!
    Y, =0 , h,,= ht, h
    )lebal t
    :1-:T- V ,:.i
    ' Lop8 botbm dt,/],,v Am,dh,
    ! Ly is verq-

    ,h'h;
    +"lh-
    -LolJl:ahp- -_

    'Lbe vey ft==*


    .---_
    r5
    -lnnb onl'/

    :here--r5-a-

    qf--7ra:--.'-:
    :e:;,,-."?. . ' ,::t'
    & th.is'.:gd,le ' ls,providCd of ,the bottorn of nould n'vi ;:. :;,.,
    .- li .::.1.' :'
    -;.1 ,','-_'
    Due ,:,:1":'.

    fo t{ris ''}riot*nii,';eata| wtil'be entnr into lf fu*r6*


    LDith ,elq gloqj rate. urith a rnin . velocifu, #te n, :;en
    lill the mould cavifv is very hioh. There is untavourable the hflaht
    ternp, lradrenf of the. irgqd rnelal in tfie nrourd cyJq -
    *__ l{ hnr' frt
    It_g{ilq_used_fir rostinq ol non- ferrws meLats ,
    crhrch * ai
    [!55Ure- I
    Altlrnlriurn, Magnesiunr

    + df. Ag, Vg = A*.dh

    Xhen-+SX=-L-o, h.0
    b
    ___-___i-__

    - clh

    1*t I h.n
    -
    .1J Lnt-u/
    j+l
    r____{ilJ

    :l

    !i

    a
    lf hrn ) ht.
    PAGENO. .
    #te noltrn netalu:ill be
    :

    enteringt tnln th to
    nAiB: -t"-'i
    vaurable th" hut
    Afm pressure
    cdv tfu ,
    l+ hrl ht tt.,. *olfrn rn@
    inb the rovit
    U the a lr'ca hbn o{ exkmi

    If hr, =hr

    Ji; .Ih;

    ;2..

    lgrTtt;

    0) Design tJu
    96

    )
    ri-_=-=-***-___- jt
    ,/)
    _:__- ...-.-- - -. -. '-i-* 17--
    D
    ,i

    rl

    .-t
    [i)Top gah .
    PAGENO:

    DATE: I I

    --.- . lraf hre TJ


    = 50 x25X t5
    - assuned _t
    s Jzxqttx tsnoo
    .--. linp tr:i*__r

    hm=ht=l5crn

    hk=25rm

    - 3] Prrt*g* Line Qate:


    L Oepft qf npud-:rrutLy:s-xutsltrlh .

    -Tr -- Detprnine the-


    - r[ger.

    .T

    t
    T
    \tx
    !

    ri*Cordrinalion -of bmh hp -8 bothrn


    :' 20*2(

    sx Jri
    Ihs gak -ur,ll-b€."-pmvrded- along -the padrng-line.. surh lhat scrrna---

    pr-hbn --o-P--fhe -uwul[ muiLy ruill-be be{oro-- -*ha parh ng ttnc. &-nrr-,

    :' ::l :::: :':.:1::: t-:.r- . :: -. -t .i


    -fhe fr.h'rf linp he splgtel Euch thaf
    - r'.,-tJl

    nK-

    : letennineihe firne - reguirecl to fill, th r-ryri!.d+arky-alo'9}hu

    --------_--

    ---- fgt*l=--vm --
    __ As Jlsh r

    = 29x70{10
    = 3l6lsg=-

    5 x J2xqBl)(z5

    Lr lhal so tw-".- -
    lj

    - -parhrg -ttnc . &-Assomrag- bo[hrn- W


    -7'Ad*"

    @
    lw\,ma

    Am
    Ag

    {| -- Anl
    -q2{ir----.=t-

    ,t
    ]
    -4t
    hr -h

    = *;(/u)
    5j

    : +5rsfi1
    J:ojJ.?iiv5; ** '11

    - ?.ut
    --_..1-. - t t
    {r:q1 'slfti$ilL1*

    ,'l

    ,li ,: , r,,
    S9 Sap'Qatu:-
    =-__-_J
    l\t(J,mA

    - ,., - - ," Mnlhnrnpl?l 1^itlh?*llPrl .gry()uqry----


    A&_J+p+gate r',,i*h fhe ol :l-irnrtm hrnp r,;ifhotrf rrpahng -
    l

    ---l;=---
    rr lrs : i , Af650rnrn-

    Q= AlVr = A1Vr.

    t_J_
    n.
    _.. toal_mmJt
    it-1 r.|L

    *
    i_

    Vz = J2ghc I hc =50mm
    - --*----1A--
    {-, 'r". r
    ,t ) ]li,:

    t).Ji
    ll
    f-or orer

    ,ll
    - 9t

    bp.K_-
    _,G:l

    t
    -dLfluJdrt,
    d?unrI,-

    ---------{n}_V$ro+_

    * {4JurJareJe,x

    I lemperafurr_,

    llesl to rnrasof,o.

    ----{-*.-.-----
    illI r\
    :;r.*i$ {e,jt:i|
    frllirg"I?n!, by
    fAGENO.i-,i' i i:
    I'q$
    J) For:grey, c.,I: j

    DAIE:. l' I
    m <{r So

    In gtneral if no male rir


    ! o' l{;sl

    te'S[t,2]6+ )llm
    _-{0--*___--16.6s-/ t .

    -uAutdihf ._@- ,l+.


    . Fluid uoith highrr

    ' iL, fcwtxl-rlil-rrosp.here--ap6lL1g-eleratpd -fuarqea6nu-r*:*C42-ran-b:


    - ClicgolrrruJ.
    -

    -*: Ieqt -to rnealne--iluini\-- 5P''ul-lrsh


    .i i'lotan iio,,u irl
    nbi,rry
    9 rnolre! ; ltytict *,j,i,t
    ,:l; .
    ,

    It to {low
    ,:5piral
    fE

    tes,t
    %ra,
    will
    & kno, oc
    ity
    for.
    ,

    be,iconriucted.
    liquid msta/ Ihe distanre
    in {he fnavell e() b
    6eforr golrdifi'cahbn
    kterO+ inches Jl is can fu measured tn
    irrclex of {tuirJi facbr.

    q1|'r-!* +l-l"qtu th roqgt_1


    ?f a tit. ,u,uf , 'it
    9lPourino T,
    depienrls on . sloweo., L,p
    ot) .su.Fu,. tb) Melfrng point kn
    fr,oi-o.f-frf . ----
    {d) farbpp contenb af Molfap rndld
    ---:-_
    (dJ tsifh -n

    ltsed tn-

    elernents
    \- ,

    '-- (hoke Area


    '.q- J)
    .j 1(.

    Lco POaE
    , , due to ltruo

    t_
    k*-
    te)

    {.'

    QS-r,*;

    5
    ;lot
    0c
    led
    the
    )n
    keeo,,rrd
    hy.

    Flour

    nf frq rized gahng


    gnt

    UEed rn non- ler;q)s aat914i1 .

    QJdo sptashrx4-&I whileue +$p$sh#)q-g-Iqclrs{e+ee--


    ----oL-ltydnelal-

    air pt-e{Iek -
    due io

    r4olg
    -_--_--
    ---__----_

    --*------=--..---- .
    *i^-=.:-- -:---.---
    -.- ..------ rP-
    h Ealy separahon of caslioq
    -8 qanng etomen$-are
    Gabirrg Ratio:-

    A Ar iA
    Qahhgrroh'o
    i,t
    ig
    ru
    DATE: / I

    t:2:2
    0,5: | :2

    7
    I

    Solid ifrcatic-
    Atc, to Ci-

    h"r5

    tp = 13 sec.

    -._-_' y- 2 Yr

    fn

    l; ------_-_*__k_({_eJE,r
    ,l

    ,,1
    p4cI NO.
    30 ''....:..,-

    13 x o, qB x 2looxto-g

    hokeArea = 393.79 rnml = AE.

    3As
    ''l
    = x zq,lq
    -,14 , , : {lB l ' 37 mr'.

    dq :38.7Bmrn

    Arlorcirng to fhvorino,l! Princrpte


    Acc. to Chvonnov! Prmctple L&
    So lidifrcahor-r time

    .ohe re
    r=i.5 to L.A

    -l: - rs.lbe--trt w--b orrliry:_ _


    .ing lo the rornp)ehon of

    :-\r+Voluinaoliast]nJ
    _b_E_L c
    -*;{:}-. 5r,rhr a rpa
    -rlrrru4b---
    5A
    u-ririrl, neal- iS eylr attpt\

    * --- ---:. -Riser: -is-hauing ---towll-us surface arcr.. -l='-l?:id (onstani


    L) rt ronlains the thzrar-

    ---,- -l ! -- Vo-lurne?ffi5 -
    tirtsrr'cs of +hr melal be;no
    .a+b {healraparrf*8 lrea tirF-

    ?- 5urfare drfa' : _ _,._.- -. -_,...-....,_.- furl$ r._thq rql_dllaterral


    *-...-. ?-6,4-

    ------h-n.d,nks-a1lr?6therrna],.ondSaparify 8 the,mai,ona

    superhrat.
    - "l'--'-i-..r ... e r/dlue of
    .::r.t. 2
    B oan be
    fr.a
    d/{) ANn mold
    riDl.
    :ISAJI'

    sotrdlficohiln *rrneJ
    fir ot}^er cas
    made uncipr jArne
    lbe conclifrbns

    ,c,fira_
    tion
    +
    timrs I -1.[r
    rnnrn;r* .^,.*,i]l-l-1
    i;rn4
    scliclqfrrahrn i

    . v , *-'r' ",y (\J lrgtct, . ln f l-gg f

    Sphere.-
    ---lo ens,,ro
    _ ._",...*
    !rrt?r
    -f
    he rrgen u-liil Solr,clifu allpr

    10 secot,,-s

    _t:Ll_a: lb
    --
    re,-Ponrllelf_r

    --- haYug-l
    - *- theralio-of
    t
    o frra
    ii]j.
    '(#)"
    o
    -:--------::
    r VtL
    s fir olhr cash

    re conclitions,

    to 4elqru, solichfir?.

    ;clirj r f rraikn iirr.rS

    n ri_Eg p"

    cuil,t solriliQ afLer

    _qjipryrioal drop .f ,rytq1_1,


    10
    90qd! @--rqudlfo, l!-1te-E4ts!e fud_-m 4 mrn, rpharq_

    : --__, will- be the solrdihtahon hrne

    _--=-.-$ -Iun+rohogr-meli-d-cuhp I other ica (lab d-sarnp-nraFrna/


    f
    I fJre ralrp, of- solidifi-rahan-- ti,rle-of--rube -to -1he sl a,l2

    ri: **- --*-*;

    ,- w.-$v- ---
    Klx-Y

    zl

    ,3
    -.ii.f.1l#;?xl."s;1l :
    ,
    I
    ' .._l-
    €A)star

    =--lzrr.zr+
    )t.W t tu.x)J
    6a')'

    :cl \z
    6oZ
    a
    q

    ol solr'dlfiralio

    a =Zb
    ,,2-
    =2A qJD .,1

    ,er,,ufur'ni.
    I
    ----
    lLt
    lus-/el ,i

    ,;@-4,'o,..-.
    : a; :'a :,i;l ..1.::a:8a7.{7 ": a :-.
    PAGENO.

    DATE: I I

    r.ab t lo I d'!b' Xh,

    2, 4 Uxz)b' t n . (l,t-zb). h

    te crosE-sahbns
    -
    l^/hoF ,s the ,raf,

    '- o.lrn
    l,:yuiat wetal ulnicn
    for.

    '5A
    &arafurish'cs

    rninrrnqm.

    6rrttonta[-

    , tt_

    th,- r

    if .Ls" diffi'rr,tl
    ffi rhrt-l
    *"* fl5gfr-
    :.- uurl{--be_ conEtd

    Lr As onr-
    to one hefght h diOrneter raho is generally considered L, l*

    5ideriser(brindlype)
    J) Side Riser i- --iflhe-nirer--wt
    --cben.Jn-thry-
    -- thell:I _rl:rlI-=

    -d5--rro-hoparerl-

    .:
    : I : - :: a::'a :?a?.a:
    --
    :... :.. .11
    :1 . ::,- a-_ at -l
    $ff$ry,.ryt"i ch- diledfun at
    . .r
    W LL- .n
    thI aE, swee.E,.,
    - o'
    for 1.tlJCl':-.
    Nol,ii_t I
    .- i
    r i',._'!

    al .

    ,ti Rrler should be So posl 'sa ;hdf lrirect, I

    in. [o thick And Lhe shinkage vo id rs mov€d io'r the cashng h th e


    ir' ser. Toprrsql/o ,pelTfi()
    f-t

    ftinrronU[-
    s pnhre suilare-

    Werydiffrn,tf h ,,
    _.

    . lhp riff , ++rn, tgh .*cag€ Al the_conla rl at {hp.x6er-&.thp pr ou l(Lconlvri:rre*


    nf rnnlart. e'en r\ser.
    --J5--oa--heat-lra ruJar-i-tlur--h *fuq- the suilalr--.dfea-ot.

    'Cercd
    to be ,,traf .

    qiaertiyr {
    (btind ,rpt
    --.lIlhe-d4r-u:il]--he-*keplinside-a*core-1lrc,, --tt tS coiled- a Jrlinde*

    ---rher.Jn -this- cose -the su rfile- or:e-o- of -Lhe dSen i5- exposed Jp-
    the,I:I w.Lll be venl le$, -Due --to lhts iL iS -ft-{-* rnorc- ef chve
    *d5 coryarad- Lo- oth-er--rlg?{L----
    $ nde- - u sll.,-./_ --
    -,$s- --Aut-the---desryx-iL
    lr
    PAGENO.

    DATE: I I
    tt) 5ide rtiser-

    ssLlrning V=c.oy|St,
    5,fi = 2,Id' t
    ^dh,

    (sA)

    _]- --Drligni
    ''l-fte=
    /sn u,r. d._l-xdh
    1v

    -{a)Slaerisen-
    .., u,
    mJreirgn,rait iiiq+ri

    TPAGENO.

    DATE: iI I

    -xil'

    5rde(rser h=d sA-.6


    \,
    -J-' .l

    .ru h=llZ !A=6


    rt 4..

    --_
    ---$Jtiign a rylindrrdl rr\er fo feed-a cu"fu
    H -
    "AL- -Ihe*do*ka4r fl-the rol- ,,,ill
    -nn:rtfrr
    hp d)\ii,.rpl
    --dr-v,

    -----------_*5ql, lll-M*wolumerf-flgel:-:-.l}JJJhnalrc$e votu,rnexl-

    45r--r--h-d

    d =h = 8.63 rn

    ---d'
    PAGE NO.

    *
    ,^* : Vr"

    9A\ 6
    -l
    v/c t5
    5A\
    vf

    .t, n
    __CItmen sLafis _qt

    h=_d
    2
    5A 6
    {O BB

    dQ$[ h =] 5rh1-

    l325.jfcn3
    fl,s€r Oesign Mekodsi- PAGENO.

    DATE: I
    1) Cainet
    6rmulal-

    Freezinq Ratrb :

    _\h nd fasl,ng
    Vc
    i

    A- a
    Cj)-f t.
    t-

    =-4_-d

    ll! =A.OJ, C= |
    i .
    9:liroAdeil'iCainr,s Fo,rmala .PAGE NO.

    DATE .:

    5ha Faclor : t-tW


    T

    LerrgHi of Casti ng

    Avg fhrrk nesq

    +-
    - *nr _--
    .\-- und Cadiny

    --L_
    I

    :lg_4

    Methocl-
    ----, --]} -J{odulus-
    't
    ,GENQ.,'. : :

    DATE: t I

    $hbutate sia

    54r 1(2so{?soi@
    2So xzsox so

    * qlGmpa re -lrte
    - - -olsarne- voLo-r:

    nosd --I --7q -_-

    l-325x103--
    -ffio.ol
    tJ = 128.95 rnm

    te stzr ol a cylindricOl stUe risen to foecl a cashhq ol


    j

    : 2.1\z
    Mr - t2x{l)D

    Compare ,the . so-lrd i tialirn liro -op]inou-r, -sJd e ri sr-- ----


    h me. of-

    yoluL-n e - , -}ne t5.a rytt nlir:---8-ot]rei- ir-e q,ro r"e-PaldlleJ-0-

    --fqxd
    \/' al( .

    sA= z;

    9v
    ?i-

    5A)s

    $al,

    (ou)
    ! nd'
    i"-i':r' rr:':r-lil
    PAGE-NO.'
    1ry,
    DAIE: I I
    Qlurnnar
    buld

    rse g ra ins
    *lui]{Jl[l5-------- :"
    t'(h i lted gra
    i ns)

    a-r is. high Ifnrh'a I ly max


    heal lranster
    -------

    np
    Direthbn of soli
    rJnr
    Durinq sol,,Cifiiairon EJ

    I')
    "li
    1-.1-/ --.-
    i rnarimU m enpr|u
    ^..w€-_,
    qt th,at

    trunrf*iu,*
    rnotfen me[ol
    E

    -
    -oax-+ra+

    -- chills 8 P-acol

    ;t-Why*Jhey-
    dr:e,, koou-rrr-is r+ul-ared q ra,is.,,

    L, Shrirkoge Shessrs dre


    lhe1-
    F i,s t --)

    transfer) p-qL --)4

    are -

    j L rUn-ftrrl.-nmlteo ) rqutL

    L:r fi rirnt-Jo- k ed-tlt--rnda)-


    ) rrLurl-*()ue-hu"fnsf rd.tr-ofroildih-nlbn--o f-l he-rvr o t n - - - I e -

    nr', . ol ri5prs ra n he--


    -ti*uro- .Ieratat*y---f f hts cast
    he--m,oulcLntth;- rr

    . re rgr-lkf JlliS_iS Fro,ml h L -lvt ua ld:o':d I I -#Iie *Ltse c

    Strerlth ts io,u
    ;-+
    p sofi 8 cluchle gYains
    ,----- ------"--"/-*- ';Wiai-ATC;-Cu
    a rc louut'>t H,T . arci

    ar e+ul a xd rlrak
    the k rn,
    __. .
    --__I.*--.._-

    e skesss d .r*,F it,der.,elop


    1v1=S]i._ -rttltll r,.:
    p 5ame mehl
    r rnelal of{laprn
    Uniforro H.'1 Cli
    9
    SolrdrficOhor

    External Chilts
    lnocvlant":-
    *
    To-guu:.
    , higi thermal
    lpBtilV the moler-;ls
    conduclvity;a6al

    ry
    :1,",.,"rc pTdf€ffTm_

    Iqkrnat ch-ik
    t, the

    rJ (iben
    of -n4ot

    s.q1
    -_ra!4J!_0JLAWJnar t5 Drv lanr
    .juryu,a.s orco.pahbli

    {thera5hng 5) Baclcinc 5a

    6) Parhnq-Se

    Fac/n_{ Sanc!--

    _ jolJ: rJi,Ll ls_l_ padrliag__a_re*wed_h

    -.+-_-___
    l.,bf,l
    a["mldificahon
    .,.-l' .. ' 1 i
    or u]l eoltdi lion
    u riforrn, DAIE ll

    Soliclificah'on 1619h

    Jnocul ants:-
    To minlmiqq_'h. !91!ifi o&Lrel"e ol ,iq,uid mgla l
    the molerials are added thue are l<nou;n de ilocu funES ,
    t, the pr0c6e ig knopn ag inoculahbn.
    ---

    of l'4ouldLno Sand.-

    1) (reen Sand. -+ Watercontenf IL-6't\


    'z) _Dly_l{g-- -+ (eptjnwen of moulci/Nb-noigh/re].__--_ .

    $ Baclcino 5and.

    -s)_, fa t hnllg$ _lPu g3-!ira sa nd


    L>To prevgnt the Shtl(y ar,,oay o{ mou{d surfarcg
    -nTlha-iopafd rag

    ; Ftcln.Q $and:-
    Skin Ory. 5a rr ii
    iand tai ing $C
    ':r

    0niy 5ePg

    -lflaJ_.__*

    !1
    t*used _Ll._
    -.
    ---:"'. -
    oF Costing ff r's 'b 5et

    :! Qren 5a i ruith o x0ll


    Etp!4ab te youW -+ shell rn
    jech'orr
    !ftmporu ry Noutdsl + Inveshment rashh
    * fuil rnwtdi
    rial 8
    'torrnouldrrrj
    fl"ro [+t ro 1 is

    z) Perrnanenh Moulds regllt (__.-_p

    (Metaltic rnou tds) iregence- oi

    3) Conh,nous
    rnou ld incr w
    bindness-
    e| poftei-n

    Yloul
    ,..= ... .. .. ..:. =4rYri!
    :..:-ooill.dq.ea4E
    pjffiinw,ry-=-j=T-.' --,
    BebLer
    *' Jurlar, finirn,
    I ---
    Faitern:* " Hr::r:r: .v 8 Fhe -lot
    Jg
    -z:oisot 'rp netiri surfare finrsh *,,.:*:';
    lvletallic + f-- but igus'sa't'1
    tL
    -
    / /t"' ,
    (,t';AL . -
    gra,h si tC0 5a

    a ,, ,
    noehUq-iral

    5a nd nrrr llpr -, to nr lx t h r -lrqoko-:qf


    thrs shev c
    8 if toill- b

    ,-iurnp box

    Appli6hor'.
    ?
    Heaiea

    [ao+asoX { into ihe patln,r:


    ,.-- ? (ylu!-c=-{.
    j". f v.\x' {hp hmp '!.^,Vr,n
    ,_0Lr Qr t!
    i"!l
    i sircil ---
    tS CAlieC
    rv d,apti
    uwr:r,
    rTfi-o-'---- -"?_
    ;-
    *+ Mec ha.rt
    .
    _____ to t l.he i

    shenqih of the- Amounf uf ii,J+,


    _a!c_urry

    gryqllf_P_oli
    -dependr-on-drud
    casling tuhnrgue

    shell'flin Shar

    are noF oosstb{e sand cash toce5S.

    PatLem iE preDad [,J 8 0iurniniurn


    rial I it u:ill be neoLtd fr"orn 230-Z5dC. lvlou tdin

    nro [* r'o I is rgpsrecl bv utgi fitre min silLra sand , phgpolic


    qiulfLlro fuut!4h v-@-* L firol fu^e4rk!$-Jqjhs,-:
    eSenre of altohol,
    Ihe pattern is rnade in conla,L * ith
    -Urgl
    noulc)inct rndttria,l,, o@ ttern rost'n
    blndnesq wrll be achvOfcd 6 tl'UV u'l'f l 5
    the su rlate
    gt,rll on thu SudaCe'
    of pottern r-rrokrisi B fu+-+ome frrrnd
    a+, fhe rra Fkrn . lh e tfr fclqrsr of -the she]Lg.lfiq b-ll,yydyfl-
    tfi'ilffiilAafil intntt tine'bi") Lhe pailll mbrcjibl
    8 the rnoutrj rn6fgridl, Illlg-15 knou:n qe dpell hw '

    but il ig usualiY v A {ter qeLlinq suffrtlenf shelt tU4ryse

    App I i6 hb ns
    --l*n ordeff------.

    6eHtn surhce t\ntsh '6


    rF
    Amoun{ ol'she/l f
    -
    flml<nrsr iarrafun
    Invesfpiin ;'ii.aiiirt;'i:.-'li]ii
    8 co.n
    rrastif M?.,u,y arP alffnaft pat&rn
    1',
    mat€n,als l

    :::!.::,,.r
    ,
    blurry mat_erfals
    Lguid No. of
    Silica flour
    cluEtor unlt
    ublnq 6il
    Water
    aater.

    HighYlelin slurry -.r


    rrats. q rd ln - c

    Lhe c,rc

    shell ir t
    the tl)at
    Qahng Etemenf
    Frnegr.ain
    hou ld-+t

    up of.t*lai
    lrpln!-
    .

    .- S hell "g
    $
    The terrn
    udx '"a,
    /iq u lf,/ urax r, Jnveslmenb -
    B shenqthens t-
    LU r(,rmhiC She il
    the patkio l--_-
    .\ i,
    I t rostr uC il.te.

    ---- *_'l:.,, '


    fl_gplcahor.,a
    llroye
    i _jp+_t lgU

    rtr =-@( i_-Drmp]ryIs_


    I. -irhnlAnr(
    L) ,r

    b i:io-:qrnpllrblg lrv nrp alEo known


    ind teriol plp,lnqlable
    i6 patiei.iE _IUL r *rLarngr:t

    "'" "oblectr_u:Jrich _are_p rsr)wed


    Sheng Lh ndlertals_
    r
    i
    "Pa[ie,n is prdurcd
    ;ol nS Alop6 .roith qAh

    cluEtar unil to 4 the prdurhbn rdk- Slurry is prepared


    .t'
    uil sil,'p_-flr*rrr_efu I sil te bindnr --1frlLe* ttresehry ot
    r'ca

    water.

    Wax rnttern clustbr uni# trlill be di rmside th e


    HtghNeltin
    q?Ird ti
    Skeng
    naln cerontic porhcles on to :the urax paftern, RepeaF
    are betngA
    Lh,.-ghyg piocess uTrtil sufftciehb Lhickngo!-]ofl ceramfc *
    shell lg forrned, Afberth,@srrell aiory i

    vhe urax. llue to hl, CIax uril I be converted rnLo j

    Ftne 9mr o
    'trqutd Etate , & lt"con be removecl lrorn the (ovrheg ', i
    - ttIq_qgx -,!h n., ga_' .,1no e]gm e$.*4#&lT_o|_t: cgrug=-
    h rnoit' the

    cpra)^fiic
    Snc i I

    hoore.
    t r IU l a

    i -+r-Ielglgll,e
    treF ?aIE
    - r'ar:h h,me

    - re:inarll;o t'1";'
    ''l f 0pq!1t_ [sgsicaltleryll,IQ
    ru
    - rrns t herelo re i
    ?lo_ruLel_ouqfngt[_.
    f ff a lsa'l<norpn
    - :rpanr;jab
    ie flat trnfi, *--fu[L-Mo,ldrng

    ^r!
    U^r. 'l
    rdr}trrt:'-'

    L. PlasticE , Po {uaflr
    lystyfel_q, P_olyug.et_bgf "Jh-S111_l.Qrg.le.. _ _
    ,tj
    ,-*--.-
    r''.** "--- -'- *-",....--..-- r'-iF;# na++l

    PattEtrgi; 1," '', !:::::r--


    t'cc-'l
    i ;

    Expendableifuttern
    ....-:-,

    Sla rrra ferials

    .f'; t' -,

    _r
    t:.#'-i,,
    c..-. r

    Na,S

    t:

    i '' lb+E:ducg-:tr
    *" --.lttptdL ruill hp d

    W)*Jnt
    Jnould- {o, -g
    ;luata-i
    J
    h

    --eY-'ll
    -Hte n *J

    .. l__frftrngs__
    -.-_:l -frc pofihatt
    ** =fnarhrne I
    lding:= r

    tsr of :L fvl.uld proparahon technrgue

    rYPsum
    5odium Silicafe Binder I Hrar5lo3)
    perrnrab tliLv +

    l:2-b't)

    is su'pplied

    silrra ae

    Time-t : I siiiraoxrr-}r

    Srlira ie i

    I tl- lThe nrnrrld i * to4mduce -:teryla1gc-5ze-mould -th1-shrnafh-of the motrtd


    uirrd--+q-*ry-L,j{h- -To-urmed.9e--fh e- drffi{JLh -oF 1},e-nmuld -
    -,ottern_

    -A;!41-Jh e4ou ld -rtprepred- Sn r1a+$455e1-+_l0ugh1lr-


    --Lrorld-
    fq erl.-u:tll--re0rl- -u:rih- salium-srLroJe-8- fmms- -

    : ' y nf
    "i-rv'
    _nrnbi,,f 't-01-tl. --madd--iE-Iei-$afir:ily'l:L[ttPd)-,lhr-rhengt]r---
    C n,r - ! tt t t i, ;! .,i -;^.lf: ,-t!

    -:r Prrpaffilron ,,-of .-larye size wurdr lo pradure- taihng5 I l& , -


    -xrarhrn,e - -taaL beds, tur-birre houring; , ilratlo x- hous rng-

    ilr*::1'5'-*.'F"-c
    6
    ,,.".t . q*ltvt-
    ,.pFc +rl€tatrno,r, aYtaa,,"
    Mgulds:- : d.hortzor{il or.vertjcal aA4,_,_ALr,*, ':*PY
    (.i) t,
    Cenhi N o ,o* or mold
    fuot a i5
    u,r.yr'i,['J
    ::nl,L;ri
    ::
    rnollen *
    to'thri
    linq t
    Laddle
    r{9#(-

    icallu Q6*
    paraboltc' . i,o it [ 61r,
    e/.A e beinIJ drls ol obt(

    lnlu:2 irrclr=led-r
    2x'Nt
    ng 6o
    rolahbn

    thc rotahoo , Lhe rll"bl


    l-+ Hollour t.

    4 Bushrs
    ' .. 1olce.
    end.Solidlfirafiur
    ' r., ,':n. t..,
    (u, ba._t
    --i+:---: .o *h;i -:
    rnoitpn meial
    O snliO,f,uiil
    Pr)qYes5eg

    for sftinkage

    a
    LOpe
    I
    outstde ndius o

    -I D"g .\-

    6 tt r,tttL
    be_aEosited_ at_ff€ ,"n,J_"_ilffi*
    -parbrles-- rr*e fo ress density , they *];,; ul'l#r r*
    ,
    moffsR rq?+- r,nelaJ. fs, mioved. arcov {CI
    to thtig bhe densily oF inghffa ts htqh, Due fD fu gt rate o{
    l!r, EaoJr
    nrlUJ
    t rcill
    lrucfure be deieLoi aF the ouf-crUe
    gurfucb ol th{asfinq
    nq L) lrth;EE;--
    ffi
    'p1aboftc. ut iLh-l;'€
    + (oghing VielO ig J00X theorih"callcl , (Pract-
    icallr, q6-q9/. ,Ih e, axtg oF rotdhbn ol.rnould
    .:
    rull/ coincide r,oiHr
    --l--F-=r-::---*"-*-*
    :
    axls ol obfect:" Io 'dure' len(.tth op. the' pi'pe]tls'siliqht]v
    /aiqe''
    nQa
    incliued :u:ifh hortzonla I suilarc .

    Aoplicahbn
    h,e.CIAn'oo; the rnebl l+ Hollour
    cqain5f r Bmlce drun'ts
    flrc outerG[
    ,U u,l6?osiap,.alE L, Bushes

    lt
    4nr
    i'on

    _ ryrelrr rtlryr'- ,a plpg can be rnanuia cfuied .

    Moltenme[n)

    Holdinq firiure

    !_,-.- -.,__-_a{- irraulg.'_i +-_ -


    lorge enatgh A eruuo tf,at

    rneans (

    Or"+f:U

    It rc utot- tc
    0f non- "*rn
    rnaLtrials;

    e renhd porhon-Ell bZ holloC


    Car

    [i) nd ct,

    o_ mefal_
    [+nlldecor5;y,
    ut"iLh atnoPne
    _aff-__----

    -SArurulru--_
    ii
    not"6e uEeo- ir

    thrs tqpe osit I

    \ .-__
    m-c!"ng prolili
    -.._ Oie Casbrn
    it ran erod._r

    -+ Stnrple
    *Lir!5, r:1";cci 5,n{
    tr e
    LrJn thiE tol

    t o'g ( Lr,N/,)
    irn irh -the d,7e
    -t
    lt
    c,I --+, cliei,,rnabenia :rl,'fllLl 3rrn'p tha i.'

    DAIE: / A4)

    gh a err* Urat
    Ir,,this UE molten rnetal tpillenter into the drc-
    be.

    rneans ol rav i fora only , Oue Lo this the objecb oh rc]

    uftd this r)ro(es5 are simple in shape 8 5tre.

    0rqryeEt'@orAo'
    /lpplicafionsr-

    IL rs uSed' to duc: :srnall size objetLs uihrth are rnade up

    ol non- *erro',tS rn?Le rla 15 A{ '& rte allo s , Sornelimes

    hollotrl. rn
    .:-
    r Dle f_as

    r@ [i) Hot Charnben Die (ashng:-

    4dhb!--elpn .^lt _-..-


    r+ ar"e 4[ia-
    u:ith atnospheriC
    -l',t-dvaljle -;
    _"+: /-lrur.rftttlrr tr, ::
    u*d '!n
    .

    rs'-iiot'bb '

    this tgpe as it hal


    ng propert
    5h'cl<f
    I e o

    rl rarr erode qoose neCk Uged fCIr loul rneihl,rl


    Poirnraia'-rra6
    fr

    \Jn +his bechnrgue nrollerr rnebal u-ril/ be sfl6 enfer rriLo

    --- the rJye-- under exl.ern-al 4lu ngu-forrc -- DLllsto ftrrs jb- -,
    Cq,lcl,Chornber
    Dre Casb

    )_
    tt1

    rh-th I
    ' l'

    l-r-. H to rnoye lhe'olun


    nt:
    depends on tt"*
    l"--. nrounl otrn?

    It-
    i*.=J{hrd_!rr++
    re obJecb L+, tor htoh larnp-shZd
    *'"-'1e*.+S+"@lra
    ---
    n be pro,du,t
    rnelt i ln ls
    L, +sn {errotti
    g'-bg drf caehhg proressis j!f@i, m0 leridls criio
    Confirrous CoItr
    *;,.,

    A plications.- '1'
    *-1t' [arburretors ot oufo rnobiles
    2lI ,Valve boclieE
    J
    --J
    q) cmnk cale
    ,!,
    , .l

    C
    -*----.-------r-.-.--,-J
    , l6'6v

    DteIRC

    4 l,'le can,prrodure

    hollouc cashngs

    -ot nt,rn.t=
    , i,lll.[Jli^]'*

    _ \e,

    rface. -Jtris-is-
    rlcpends on
    the ts o(. ( thi*ness)'
    rnouni of me -.i
    Ls= k(thrct nesl;/
    '' ,.rEpcl tor hiah
    tamp.-eh ades:
    _UStng_p.ir ts__
    _ +on {eratts
    m0leridll di;0,
    !:'j
    Hl,f_ !._t I g::___-__ _, rrLaddle

    [qperdie
    Solicl [rustr [Oqicr lnVgr, it solid bu,f rnsif e .
    - - --\-the-rnelal--is":nrnoihn:lair)
    Wotpr
    1- =,-.-5proylry-
    ftlotter - to clrag the nToterraloul
    5in re ihe I-no ltr^i.ll btior:r.,,
    h;d I [nli[:

    it=rr,-::.':::!i i -"1
    rohich are

    {b[ lio,llcl. rnefal (,l,,ftfilrnr


    i,i',
    Ji+Jr
    1\q il'] ;,i,, lrat
    l
    li Ut_r.Jh e die-+ lri td nekl 8o/P B a
    501'd rush oh
    n:h/ch u:afer u:lll be an be
    aued ta reduce iti
    tern dture B to tonverb u n,r ,u,
    Into solid.
    $ur[-u ,
    t
    fhe solicl obiecF u:ill be csed throuoh
    dt++. kglahons, fo geF rcqurred size g d 6 tecE.
    _ilt)lt*_l
    L The sanr

    U
    ba rg,
    nrdE

    lenqfh

    If iE irrcliyrd__
    . tt,p M 50 impact foff\

    Casting
    _q__&t9t

    99a!4S-:..
    @) Bto*H&s
    L>on rorra''" I

    '-* Rinlta ies+ eDt holeS , .na ke the


    s'd-Qd_dry Oe6r
    i,r'netal

    trJ
    ate.-I
    ?t
    J_ ___i,)g _*-- .
    ffi;.Daelr ng" bof,

    iti
    ffiirl h*iryrj-::,.,,
    j - ;. :

    j
    .li'
    i",
    ( i)'iruffl,i 0peiahonl=-

    brakrrrq the rnould the ccdhnQ components Qal' elemenh

    l8o/p B a nn be taken alonq wlh eiements' dlong with the


    ta reduce its *r h. cashrg:_qg
    $urf6,u of rodn is kootl:n ds &fttinq ope,idhbnqut ru1th hel

    ged fhro o{ vibrS {6p ,

    o b 1scg. inm ore fused CItth Ll1(" Qas cufh


    Ihe'sand oarhtles
    5urf66s' oF the costt be femoved bY gitJrahoos
    _can
    -
    0nolvino im fonces USi

    olono urith pneumdhc ie . Ihis prOcegg iS Hardenr45teet


    Steel balls
    knurn d5 or shot blashng . __-l-
    -..-------J--v

    so impart

    to every'iide of ---irdtthte,
    erashng -@i#,

    Mor.p .-

    L>on ronrave
    ran byoke ui
    8 corrq gurtzree .l
    -,-!---

    b,due to press di{f o{ g'

    !>-.tlies-e*.o tt - -Lhe--{a ane sl1gryt tlfqng-qt- -


    - Jomnecl rr- --8
    g-9P-: tlg
    -ttre-fip s urlare-of - ronueK :5 u r fare- of-cas [:,1] "f- 9

    1!.1319 , l! oil't[
    - J -,
    rrr0
    ,^.^-^ fcrms
    -{W4 r
    on the
    -f"D --
    I
    A-surTae Ea h

    spheriral in s hape
    ::1,.ii.i1il\:,
    --*,:."=.'1,
    bJsa;ri+*+-; ilt-,,c
    ' i.,ri=riyi{" PAGENQ.,.,
    ,i
    t+ These
    . i) are Sdrm {i:,6
    on ftahzur :
    '!-

    the &l*
    t+f,atsurhrEl.
    __l
    -J
    Cc),Blister:-

    L> tnio
    ,r :dre fo,hiorr,r.*rr* 3ri
    :Ir{
    'Lrr. Loose sand.---r:
    &ras Holes narlrirlp \
    [-;lf mare,.dmouoF gtg a wilr disnt- r-----------._l-=
    '(
    (rops ol'r 1.,
    Vgd-on .rnoffun thytd
    lgg l,lru,l u.li,lt

    areo 0f cdsltnqis kno@n aS Sphenral


    9g&lrsl
    Due tn impq

    Prnholes
    rui{t be ryrt

    t$iJl form n
    Pln hole porosri{-a clue h:
    pressure clif furcnreg Hz
    clrop 8 it-ut
    aT, hies loeEiape frorn hiqh
    #le rap[ g- )

    ."-{ tbjL;;T,:L
    tl, :,i
    $resonre of ,urs,f** from rnouldi
    sand,

    L>Presgare
    Te* -lratchoke.ar€a
    mlrorr€f
    tl
    (

    L=!];f--Jf l1qUe: a'c_t[e_ry_,_by!btes rornri oot

    ::.:r j.::.::-i:;.11*rr':r::::r1,.'i- :- ;;
    A;fr{ r:fff,.iX -i i,:a:rF;'' I ?1-' Lrt -90, (lilHotrs,rs
    urhich ts lbrrrred
    *AGENo. v Jqrrp, baI
    .r,
    A. AC
    gnfupprmen b rs koo trnarr rl r>.i.-l I

    oF
    ,t
    DAT; i. frocd55 Ic

    ngl Py rashog btoz

    'ssuYe ' bokg.r


    oin l-nks, .
    of pin i
    :

    L> searntr{elding -
    I t ttq
    welding used

    w i-fh (eakfg"try

    tPu Drop I rhon

    05Sl ,triiII ,d,isnl- 'Oropr*


    eld theq u:ilt
    -g
    hclut $e (G{a'l L>
    Jrrrproper

    hlot Spherfral
    D,,e ,f the-tcr:s;-ma1idng said pah'cte
    lp,rrfoper narnr;g
    ruirt be dropped rn lhe d99_!:L !::* !, W*qLt^ry

    55ut4 4, { fe renre l-lz


    r
    "ope
    fr:om hicrh
    ^pteesore,d.pailr
    tr.r&ug- Llryn 32!i9:
    _

    )9 H, ah'm ::'-rr

    sand,

    *hat-cqle.area,--clue
    , ri' -' - ' tnJrgtr
    I vawiv.-af -mehlsome
    / ,
    foilion of .

    gygt:"yt :-l'
    :Improper-phng-sydun' - - --t-tllqAt0!
    tutten
    -
    beinq br1 the
    me{ai q
    ---t
    IfuLrlrl--ran-bx rntugx's-
    1 l';'!-:1i'l.i.l'; l i.:r: li!-i_,:
    i-.:=-'-.-.;*: -i rr
    b i,e|:
    'i
    Uue ofsfrb,ngUr,_:g
    c,u$ -
    Seqfion0i d,L€s {11;s lruu
    I rr,il,l

    delect knopn a5 cuts g rpaEhes ,


    L>
    [p
    e) Scab j-
    due ipp-oro,

    L> Durino Ae
    ,J
    ' \oosearl"ount
    or sand@ be fdn"4.
    illhe'bdtom
    5urlare . ' fhe ri;',
    &come= t
    ir lf fhe
    |lot bears 7Cr(

    u-i qLIpilL-

    Lrdrn fu d,* ir

    tt
    i
    !_

    r -+ tak of s r,unffl.,*llffi
    ; __!r111u,rr ^*, forcs on {he .rnould-

    *-* 9ue to lack of stre


    8 hadness ol the lrrould g:all the nrolten
    nneto I ruill ,id some furte iL u:rll spand.
    la
    lue h thrs
    0n9 ts lorroed on surlace of the
    faEhrg knooon 2?:rryg l--t
    4..1
    dS 5u:ell,
    i,:
    ii::-" ...,! "' f't

    CItr$,.
    I will
    brm

    L>
    due to im ol riser

    t+Dunng gfe solrdificph'01qlryhl


    _--
    dr. ! :hrl* _91tr yll
    be [oineA , Twe rarriheE has to be fifid d nehl jni
    the ri5er. Due h irnpr, nbprdeEfqn
    : tl the aviheg toill ,

    &come unft lled cavihg, knotpn ds shno[a

    he ,loose saR4
    lSkl.} koocon as

    Lr,trc tu dtff inlntral re,,isfanre' futrog


    shrinkagrs rdteg -
    - -- --.--Jrarr6 ,olTtT;effimd;.-.

    {orcrs ori {he moold_


    s'lnhmal-_--

    - b' deuel oped*:Ihese-sh*sesa2tll -M*-tdteued-Uy -


    __ta,,r,nq_+ tarks Jbexjre knourfl--6.__ jailfi6&_hd_Aag__ _

    -
    luq lo ths f
    3) Pouri
    _casrirg knoui,n._ Oufecfs-

    %
    -t-t-lark oiJfu diLtl *8 prurrng-k-trp*-

    47

    Migrun
    t-
    PAGE NO.

    .T1,, Sh :. I /

    old shufs .

    tt g{r"ol
    t-
    9rnay. dm6u

    * tln p).o r alignrnenl o | .ope 6 dmg bcx.


    h Io produr-- r

    duted :u
    ___ I
    rndferiai ; Il
    ryY'rlarnp:
    r n heoted rfl t
    d,i n,n0 or
    fhe rosh dirnerrslons
    (o Dox on dn
    knppn
    box urill &rm a
    rnould shtfr-.
    ---kt'g_lo j
    as
    e:. cl0rops rrr converLed- i

    -."-{

    \- _exf _p1e*_l(
    :

    {lwL .Du-
    B due to torce,.
    f
    Ll
    To Mure tl
    - - : : _:"__y_y_rsilgllr,,
    I. -:
    ,j:5 . g co_verurrnrs-_rng
    "oxe*g*lgrys99_&Ig__
    -offlqrycr q

    -e
    ,:yy,::
    upportthe-rory
    tdt_thtr.noutd_s ilq
    ;:_,
    -***r - '

    F,i*,*--!!er:4::::
    l6tr
    -)-

    awrrnSet1ng nak:rizl

    hird nrnleria I

    6 prdurinq plasht objert-:

    6rnar drn6unl. of plvnqer fvte isvequired Lhandie rdshfic, ,

    t* h produce mor€ no of hc parts r.trhtch are fn die<ashno


    - J- R l

    i _Erdred--y_tsqpdguc_ ,r furu*etlbs ,.{h*,':9gl_


    ,,

    tcill lbrnn
    L-
    ' shtf,-.
    a
    -11tqlts3-ltrf@='li:.ryE-,@l-' _._.,-i

    --.- -- dlg -tr:tlr more ueloctltt-_


    /?
    +tr" - _ ___ . _.

    lryerL_&re_ - -'-- j
    " t i--r, ;;,;;;;l-
    ;;,,.s*,
    Jd oyiq lCI_*
    ..i
    .i
    .; ir
    /1pptliiltrarreJ- PAGENO.

    DATE: I I
    *)

    a handle
    rcrE,

    Air Pressore
    lruoughf lur
    du*tlt\ i5 *re,
    tool,

    Metbt'n

    tO BE

    ran

    vtte ytosnc marr'.nal in


    the vucous {lurd a:ill be
    to t 15.

    "l

    . 9 Stl al/ sjrc u:atrr: orntners


    Srrd bdl",
    . \ Etectric buths J amouoF Botlorndrp
    -*_ -

    F.,rnace;-
    fuet c ^is targe
    oREf ccire
    rFrux

    Ah' ----+, E:ai:' furndre i+qas-) (oz =-Ho[itast_I


    6 ranoue +he-
    I r^J I
    rrnpunhe5 ,
    NoL d pure ir66,

    ducltlity is there Steels u>tth


    -aff{.attcr./1i4
    but not fio'z, duth'te
    ctementsl

    3'Fe q{o

    e^7gr----.-
    urin9
    .|
    Arna rcIron
    Melbllq Ralio/ Cha

    1.0 BE PRODU(ED,

    rang{-n 4:t [o t2:r


    techn
    Jpark- Ari:nkr-
    '5hk
    mafuna{ in

    -x fiutd a:ill be

    isrelmd totlP,o Cerarrrrc htc linioi ) atitlsbr/ hiq h

    Unib (oke

    strylgrrrg1ii --
    Sand bottan
    -1 Tappr ng hole

    Bottumdrs

    is targe t
    CIUX Contrete Shurfure

    -Ho[-blast"I
    iy*tnapprng
    -heaf 6orn -ft{le glases t/!- Air-rlrhtch i5
    Lhe

    $uppIrd -h. -air:h lasl {df-fti t L -a e:hrated -+rpfo }Srfe.L *.-


    Ih/i

    {n te, nn

    L,
    to t th.-.,-l
    ftu-*" 1_l

    ilil;il
    Lrfnita
    i,rr.st

    l-i.rnt tah cjn s I -: "---


    l-, +'rrgtnrr6ilil*l l-lbnormdl hpahr
    ,,1 the
    aplraEn
    {fg p,Dcu*
    .
    -
    L, St*ngtA
    Technigue
    ritd;;
    =_
    .o or fealrr lha n batc
    9 once used
    rndkrtal
    L>
    Jnlrrnal f reyidu

    base rrrela-l

    dsbrlbns
    tares prare

    lf the
    #(l,Tss
    is.no,p+han % E*ry cli{{ere nt e

    Rootgdp
    ol Ah,rn i, b;rrj;;l
    _
    9 Cteao *hu ,rrlr,u.J.6E
    O 4ritror*,drnu;;;
    ll.ur/a .[o,.r,lt.
    eous_,
    i Americnn \,rldding Souebl i'

    I alplicab"n n o* -

    irr any'pogthon r ruelding u;ill be done

    t, H,gh roFe olproduchon .

    4lnitial investmenf is there -+ Stepdotpn lranqfurmtr


    .l.
    to clecreige thevoltageE4 the current

    'ngthof Abnormal heahng B cmling-+ w\icroshslt-uye is affu.5n6.


    lo,nt d epend
    , tne alplrahDn.
    .1,

    t'ft,rn . p, ropeni e{i5arqle5


    rgtfi u:ill Ir eguni
    rgreakr l.ha n basc
    HAZ rs unted
    L> fnkrnal I rcsidual str(r.,-t d ->due l-O shpEs in r,,;elclecljoivrl &
    he ,loiring nrd,ha.r ) base rne la I

    drsl^Drh?ns

    takes plare joilt exerir sorn€ {orre on base fi rnelal due

    q@el i'k9l'll g qler


    y clif fere ue
    A -':iid
    Llclrrving
    prl.n f,ail
    brn ir bond, ,19.
    the surf?res behre

    rnderral-+ L,: t
    -:Nofiller.rnalsrlai-' -ttllouid sfute
    ,[h o-[yoiirl.
    llutgaarous)--
    Eilltr-r,, 4
    Yty-*_ffy
    {f,rneianryihrn 6,1161-" Lig,
    u>Joinrng
    cl

    &ak eghoe
    ---

    v'*
    Junrhon b/
    o/p'es E u

    a., --_
    ),ng te pass -ctislznce $\letd
    nA
    --&moun-,-,
    lravd(d

    Itr[d 603 srnQle. -Jtngl*--:nn


    Beod Hergtit Pa
    P7g5'
    nf
    iy.
    ti

    ittling of ligutd _l
    ==-- \ Wetd netal

    ler,.tra*:
    Wetd Pool clepUted on
    mu lhpte
    P Projechon
    (wetd Pu441a; {F- is- trre
    ***-#nehored
    term5 -sl
    Rootglap;:
    _ / trryiaJnlOI tlqu,4n U^,
    #'---{ril
    th4 has prnetraied ---| PeneF ahun-r ,nrie -- -- -*forh-o-n- .i
    into base rnefal .----
    PAGENQ:,- ,.i ,,.,' t6ty)
    DATE: I t

    Bnang

    A&psive
    L:jfuenqfh
    isllsc
    L:Totnrng
    of WeUfare
    rne ba /
    : plail1c.

    B:.8*keshor.

    les + Forrn ing Fiilet

    Extrusifi.
    Junrhon btut the iltto
    wlp'?es ''8 'u:efcl materlal.
    I
    v, .*--:----:.-.-^^.--..'-:-.------+j-------j.-_- ., *-
    -:----r"

    trmount-oLmetal

    r pa55 -cllsl-a nce traydtd +hlerd bed --


    I of m elaL- whtrh-is-ndclpcl -intotfuJaint-in a-
    -Arrourr

    V'lelcl netal

    --{g-l*ehahon
    / =
    -.-- - {h ir t[tr- depLh upb-ufirA --the-llyufd rneLal w-i]l--be- -

    * f*6kuJ d tnta - Lhe- ba;e raafuiat-, - JLrs ex4t$sld*r:I?*-

    tem* at fuicknus o{-the.naLuiai

    ')t or€ -- . -.forb on-dt - u:-hirh ,frrro " wI-e\ ---are.*dt ibarest -drgtanre.-
    tarill [e nr_OU
    @.ftpturtat hih ,s addel into DC l^/a.riry

    r) Strrarqht

    ecF-

    #+r:!
    L> HeAlqpner*m-
    : elechirde dfe I
    .-
    ' ,Arr
    ".,]

    - - '-'"yct:Lllqll
    t1. Etectrode <-l I
    ru
    .[A;-- 6 uel,P
    , --
    k::Supprv
    -.-J.

    ,,_ tDet,ooof
    =-=------lji---praa L'y
    6ff '
    "__3
    , tasro on ,"naurla-.rd .:
    t, tr- +
    th. *,r rf .ir
    '', dtls d9 d toodurltr __
    --_._----:---:*

    - --- * Thus,atd
    air i5 ronverled . hit tfr. ,lflffi
    fo plosr'p gonur,

    D(frr.,-,, e-'s due ko plasma -Ihu-is_drfi


    rr tru - - "'(
    r-
    grneaho n _r ---i), tmm/set\
    -_.__*1|1Heat -- - -uv/ P-

    -{ii)_*Lr_Mot,"r

    o9-,8 Er.chctell^ra)__
    \ - lloveraenh \

    _j *_
    ow kom a1r, tv etelWoda ih;A;
    !.ryi*t 1ilXrsjEEEI4.t.-+.i F,::
    is mori.*l,Hgah i';-i i
    lo'?5
    DATE I I

    r) Stratght Potanfy.- Dcsp z) Reverse Polad


    ftEN DTRP

    r.*:irere

    more omounI oF

    etechirde due -to movenent'


    - yprdU
    t to

    E,wt P

    5hovf 61yx1[- More lhr*nss Less Thickness + Mediuro


    $ -1,(,0.9'-t,/)d lvled iurn
    )s-xn re--
    -* -- WILd fu ennhon
    rale-Lg--Le.r. --P rnALQ-- [Ydiunt

    _:_eeho!!E,yt -+ 1Q.55

    ** !g_,rnainLainecl

    _ the K,E of e-t's


    Are -Lrtn-movlmenfs &r-l*le"Auhnde- -JD-LL fhLr,o+f-
    ,
    ---+----.-
    v.
    -te5

    - t,
    P-'q it
    ' uqP I art --01 ferpmdrrular-
    .0d

    - Irlliorar lYlorzerue nt------


    rs ,fn loss oF (,8 oF

    lue l'o'plasry13

    _5thty of a,c,s

    - -Lfuru*n b ol ttx-dqkodelrd,Je fn*r:vretfrrrg -k-to marr-lain --.,

    l
    I
    i
    l
    :t.r::af a3il1;*t jr;.3= a
    ].-1 .,- :

    h'ld€fto.
    al Arc V'letding t . ,r,, Lt)bn
    WBrue
    l-y

    t
    t, ohe csnholled
    ll
    ig
    machlne E o#ler ,g rnanua ll I

    +
    ::_Surni-aubrnaht Arc WClcJin

    (D nco Char
    (tinea , ciA,u,lr*nu

    _-ix--!

    J r+ar
    f --+
    for sr.rrall cl)onge
    L> is lt"r, tr,
    volbge thVre

    --loading--&-ln,
    9 There dix

    \pe ol wetdtng-;arF;p5

    gJhere h )du len qffi m mrn


    V)Vo
    tr)tonst Current Iyre'-
    t+ in thts , for d s
    be a srnoll chanoe ivr currenb, Due lD thr's b

    j41rusbag-fue arc lenglh rnorrual-ly- @il/


    -@!&=gulrcql
    Inuall be main bined d!

    nr[harader$iu
    @*rm,ll-chnnge frr iolloge-thrtp ittill --

    --fta

    .I
    L> rs done bq
    /
    mlLvol.foge-ryrfre I Aguneratt --lhe*arr t nl-et nto-*i
    *
    ,,*S
    thrau
    5e
    ':ltt '
    r /o- r6prhah_
    -Jo+ ng tanrhbone -Jt is 4enerally- Sr+-ga-vnfir*---
    -+S+a+5-
    ',icyp5

    Arc-I'me' D(
    -- D-
    I

    K1
    Arc ri6 e f ldte Time Tr

    Arc f ime
    Tdat Iirne ; D$ -- D;i',
    ft is /1 of,*ima-...|p,a,J0 rnin durpltn durin
    overheafing v jtal , elem e

    QJ-VJ-_Chilarr

    j"''I?"r"rAA

    fic
    -+
    -J
    -*-2ql_9la== doj'_Ir
    6Oo
    -:)

    1-.
    -:' --==--qx*: -56*:--luo.1331-- .- --.
    ri

    ItF:;-a :i::.r;;. j;..-.-i::r-1-_. :' : -i_...-: :.:':lr:,:'rl:-:-:-l


    Ju =,:[ qlo-3}!-a),; ,
    PAGENO.

    DATE .ll

    Vr.f r
    ( 2q + { [aX ILo' j0{a

    u.
    Tfta

    ) dp=
    Ia

    ts Eten)y*
    .i+____<_i+_
    la'-'= -Z1-{Y.trl
    - - -Or[euntne- thepou:e.rf.. J.Urr.-

    - Ia i-l*--_f__fur__rsnst^,cuyrpqlpoor___;

    J- __. _q goo.Eu\zi6:J2V)_z.60'avtjbooo _

    f- r g0orkroz900:-t2a00
    =-
    :toov.ilncm _ f
    il
    PAGENO,

    DATE: t I

    i'.1 :
    IE-llqv-
    J! 'lqd.A
    : l.!z x'fu

    :Ih
    , r(_

    \e_

    Vn =Vt jf

    L= o(v - (so
    - !i.
    io1(
    Snld),-

    emenc cau1e had spot

    , Wetd defet.-cluqb dmppi.rg of Qol


    netal o rr the hop

    thjt+Gi
    rhtnt! -
    connecllons*- -

    .t'. " .-*-'-,p9ev€nb-&r{A,


    -T* Y' \:" E1'l't'r--ll-t'ltl--.
    ''
    lP atOe formah,:n
    t- qas deforb. ,

    L>tVisrosity ol
    iguid mela

    ea::!ear.:i5r-:rr':;r:1i. : . 1 i :i
    e It urit/ QCS ae a de-oxidieer
    l, Slagformahbn
    Cwt'pciund

    t
    :[,

    Trtanjunr ori,J,
    Heat logs

    L_=_

    f
    rll'fu-
    _ ,u,w Jr r(Jt/qLl )eneYs
    .*
    -'J -'
    - ''' --
    ll'troryiuffi, Nickel . un . r^t;;-;; ::* -- --
    tr
    L -_

    --1yF Of Ek{liooz -

    *t+t.,
    & lrusf oi=*
    lf(:-Abystw .

    urifl-, reli*,r:
    Tnent,*
    _

    f '..':-. :'_.1.i .:.:.::tf j :j,.tat ..-r


    :ta: :"1. -- : :::;.:..:r_:,. r _.
    i;ffi$+;ri1#
    PAGENO.
    I o?1
    DATE: I I

    iTloo i-oit16s+here -+ grovl roblor,n


    P

    f the vtlrostty

    r
    U 9Ytrrad ,-

    iar ifqtssrg!

    !
    I
    l
    I
    -9{:frtnaer-^.- -

    urith rernfone
    '
    --'rrierfr---- ---:=
    -.-.
    rnanufac s spec,hi0hbo,

    - uill indkafe speoal informahon


    q ng the etecbode.
    P -r ouup purilt,*
    g + Iest peiGh.on

    {4 J-dit)c

    ____:=jJM:==:-
    'r E---
    ri

    -:J3.-16ftm-*_ t
    .i:0t

    -hapt* af rpir}arranent .
    .. cr_a2o:lg-rt
    rlta
    _:_'a 0*61I0 nrn______
    PACE NO.
    I o8o'
    DATE : I ,l ""

    cbo4s.

    pa:Jfl-1sf

    i) Bead hel'ghL =

    = 2]35 rn rn

    (20)I
    ^

    !t
    ADB- *--101'-07 '=-
    96-825
    PAGENO. .
    aa I -.---. .,
    oAcg - A OAB, DATE: I t

    0 AC,B
    J6o" tr Rl.

    q I.,693
    fr
    l\'qr,
    t, r3V aadnl {

    ll,-ll@rsr
    rg1!_b!r-..Pl
    U,!l"E_rr-ilsl
    _ t^rtl! I rn^pp
    -Jfr
    t _rurcnt-reo_ufid=_frr

    -:. uu!{,.Pits

    1
    \-,------_-__- 1_--_

    r'l-
    \---\,
    - '+...----rl_

    +v._

    \ _ _____i60 _:_dl-L5i_
    ---rrr,"FI
    =-.-_trqrih_.--.
    PAGENO.

    DATE: I I

    I : -ztto + Sf qo)x B
    Limihhons ol
    flux coahng
    T - BoAmp

    h.q 6 Limrtahons ol flux,,faa ring:*


    q-tlv lu lga "-! 1I:
    q4iry!sls-t9-e!e@.e-i,9lejir1
    rul@r-!'rvld -ryelt-l['lel!: tryr:l tlnrg: ]!i 'elry

    1_lL11oeL,'!TLgI9 11;[g _&rg dpor!e,s_, Jt gy--rq1 a!-9o-1b


    ryg!*uts_ pt-rfryt "_ltt Sg gfu ___0t -bgb-
    Fst3- if ryol$
    r,^:ili be drsso919-!-e( $q bvdpg9 -{ gNsP! t+ !-hu-hvdpg-e"
    ur-{ be rrd-pRed i-r,qi-dg.-t-h-e liggi( ro]!9 rneialr hydqggn

    Jtrerh
    9a5--
    '|t

    e ler horJe
    Tungskn -Elethde: ton=.fonsumab1e ',urlrctsness.otl rw/ r
    :
    1 t'nr;ffi
    .' -::-ii:r:.t: ,:. E

    5 onll produces the arc. PAGENO.


    :'t. ';:.,:: i::i
    _
    ,DA[E: i j/ .:.. - -.
    I I+
    l-, rn
    tlJek ,
    *,i, t*f.r,
    =ll---*
    L> Oxide
    formanon
    Reverse ri\ is utnd - {or.e.noral
    o{oxlde
    tS there

    loyer. --
    But rf uJe ue€ DRP
    Cu rren Fr
    than ba* metal
    Ahect
    ,t Ivletal .ir,
    lleab geoeroE[i &wtnw
    Lunqskn dedrode

    \y
    n-rqnsurGblp c
    -

    -Lqrlssse!,
    less: fhrckneE
    u5,ng any fi, tlr mat r,u, , ou

    "":qppueo exhrnal,
    -_reLq{-_1g, ,r,./ ,^ $;
    -lT9-cte!_g yroviding tnirt cJas dttnosphere . L
    .-'tfiore lhtrko,
    loLagOE-=C
    - -----,;-- {+ tu.renf .afr

    %r.r"utd ffi
    oxides u,ilL !g fy rned
    ,;' a,
    ,

    , i . i !Z A,:*eldirrgr_,
    - -_noaleriab, . tt
    -qrd"q1ry!E-- *wtlt bq
    &is lq ,(!qen As_ $_tl,rdjlde.ll,,g_:--
    d.,rud u tu=oto_*t_o.=.o,nl
    -4enerated 6t.
    t+ oxrde {orri66r,

    5 there

    J
    rnore
    -
    than bas melal

    G|wtnw

    Zfurvo.rnctranirna

    :I hgt_g_a:__. .._ _

    hr crrfii r-if:

    - rx?trrial u:ill

    ' more f htrkoess-., -fulJ9--aulrma ted*


    -rf oil rndlenbls t+ (urrenf rahn$a_
    -tOg-50!4_
    'rui/l be 5J{-,ttgen erdban iL*ot **e-.-of 6.6.se c urrrrr{ rahny
    -!o:KIXflPl1r,-: ,
    -
    tL pola rik
    hLylt L _ _ -_
    rneltioa___ _

    - lifrrrueldng -of hrgn thrckneEs & h,tgh **dpo)ah


    -ftr;e pobri rlals, -r.oe can-u5e--lhis feghntque- ,in r,':hth aK is __
    "_4!uees_ bJ:w- -d -raruumrrhle eluhnde-& -u:or* p-we- - "

    oF the oblr
    .tan .bef.ee d - 4- uuog -d -5e rtnwthanitat
    prarcts)

    r41r.:: r:.I-ji i:t ;at +aa:r:.-f:<.*:aa.a ai!, j,...n r:i!11't 65'r#F


    l, Thtd,,'ig-a *a
    ub mat t., urelding Eethn n.
    Hrc {g v31P{
    menLs' aT',elechode are ronlrslled':by:
    tlorkplerc .

    *,1t EfiA
    fhis hroh €

    k.E er "ou
    --=-:L,L
    Due bihi
    p!t:t@t
    ed
    [y-srr

    ( PAW Highpresure -- - &plrrah:rn


    ----:Lldddrrr--:
    ..?

    [pramb
    Nozzle

    ry(fd-s$ry_lr{_lrrryr!$___
    v
    acruraul is very gocd.

    + Ihis b 4i.gue _r{t !er4e d , used for weldi ,rf htoh s


    4&lUg-[Lrc].l1!-rgferiats tr:rfh rndr. th rckness
    By* rcing 't
    oeldrd [n r,_
    -
    .i.

    i€-mtbr
    Ohb;

    better. wiil Eueue the "arc f,hrough *he ceramic noule. Due ,lo
    thls hrgh eneg,y pluna arc will be pwdurc'd, the ,max
    k,E_-gn,ry{ A_tl1-f qyry
    &s_t _tlUr !'at_"s0gg!9[_s]ll_!grery_[g!_ I dst\ _
    ytruyla\:yLs:vgry--no4r --ty, t!@ *' tgrrglt
    - g=4*-llptpns LrrqrL-gg-5- -.- - *_-*--- , =-

    --- -21,{ddrn0--zf lhn/um-,,-Nrckel*& ttl 4hl


    e lifu ol lungsbn :

    glqty lrss

    _7ocd,.

    -rf htgb slng


    By*win9Ltis-telmigue_bl9h_|hltknes5rnztaia)s._ean.h*
    *- urelded-.in-a singLe .Vus- hnsurnablp *ebirade-is-usal*h ---
    tecb

    tent.

    {*nidrm ,ual
    n
    Lhe flqx s
    onh Wlace uld mebl . Nou: fte
    'inside the s . Oue h Lhis

    frj Heof M,*. ir;ralililIilr[ wlll be trtiniirntzed


    (l'rt Sto
    t'nttusions can be .

    rdurri .
    tii4 Yyu,, Spafler mn
    be minintsed ,

    t. itg1itl , pe used i n
    u:ebin 0n
    5 HAi ,ie mur,rj*l
    I abe
    he boLhnr of b, al rt

    :Q) cal._rhe tvln


    ----_lOV poure..su

    fs Srn i/in
    ?b:,*-

    he'ai,{-ioiiltii

    "J
    Xs -2-Area o{Jhe_l^{e1d_6ead

    L
    I
    ----Imnfl)
    ,:..
    [niilsg:)r
    PAGENO.
    log !_
    Heat hnansfer effr^cienty DATE: I I

    It0n rnehl
    Hur sl eatSuppled .= V.I: !T/,^3
    l.tL
    rbl " Nout &e Au.tr
    r Lhis

    ti:rrtud.

    ffieu:

    q) cal, the--{ln .-i:rl6e- -of-arc ueJdmg-of


    -a steel nnalerin i -ruith -
    - -,.
    -*- 2ov-lower-srppl.y:-8 zoo" ltrmp; tu*entr :-44e l^uefd*spred-*- *=
    - fs 5 h1 mi,liec & troiE'- seahbnal-. 6rCa' of pin r is--U mri. - '

    hrol-frorriik; 4 i5 B5/,

    1A

    EE?ffi.-f. d+1=r l-.r.Tai1t 1E:iit: 1 :i;.ffi a-.91;4;a,3,,111,"1. .1 ,-:


    -,-:.., ;!+ 1. r,:,,riari...,_n r4Zr4..1r-r.:i1tc:t::: ::.," "
    I
    II
    Qtzlworkbook) lt. ': .; ii:,it,i,,l .i..:.
    i

    |
    fl
    ir
    5ol:-

    25x300
    B.x r

    -.U AFY
    lqoo

    'V.
    = lg rnmI sec

    l'
    - 9) f*-f;tuut+latus-@1uelding_pn
    , ljnea.c+ou:er_soLue__rhar . u:r Fh rI. V_oL62lLg_SCe+L |3 o An
    l-TheJeogth-o+4ilj5-4mn-_X_wercLng _speed_ h ) nynl.pc
    5 .

    -- V -2oeljj{€
    firke- -heaf--Jra nsku :1- as--Bs1__,-_!vhdf_ 6_ tht*h dJwtjl_p_]a_
    the:",1?
    PAGE NO.

    j-..r
    " OZ- 'f DATE: l I
    Jb
    130

    - 62Ih
    l3o.

    I V.I
    -fl5-=-
    Ar'. v.
    J-q-----^-
    16 ,

    ,1

    d,-beoL/-P-lo
    -
    c'tran fto !,,,(-ee{io,rr r=
    Gras Wetdng-:='
    * .,

    {arhuriztrz

    -Nosamd)-

    rnrnplcfu.
    of q
    Litllfui*Iql H,.o + AH Itis rnore due
    to conpfeLe cynb c.rfioo.
    moles-

    -supplfed -fi
    [alex from-

    -9 ueUing-
    -*- i"#x iCisjty;t
    Apfra h ons

    ---liwptrt tng o
    -=&+iassiy_r*i:
    - AppJiiaho"
    eLdiog-C..

    -!u*rg-l-lame--

    l=1:lr-:.;-r-i. -- ,'
    PAGENO.

    ftcialu$
    't : J "ttesendoFcitG?Ii;--
    ^\-----z
    ;Hffilimie€*- =--
    -d wiLh xe\voe
    _ ;r,s erploslve in
    I crhL
    - rLore.

    r-zqDm-,
    l_Lr,Lerm dLaLu_tlprne-.- __ _. __

    acebyfoe . at
    o,t N/rnm -hFor:rom plite +ombughon .ol one rnale- -of--arefuJene*r.ls_mo]es.
    :moles- of 0e jI reguttd-- in tphrih one_nrole__ur tJt_be
    t rcre due
    -rupplled, .flom o2--cylinrLer &.15 -rnole5 ^ &br-urlll-be-
    cvnbcdtoo
    -nptetr

    -- -liJ.i:;eutmi Fjarr:e_ __._

    --- -Ltwekl tng of zn-, tu I its alloys __..____.,__,____'___ _,_ __. -_:-,! I

    j
    -
    I

    'Lef*rd (.8qckh
    kmy.dif f cnas cuttidg

    \iozrle ri

    _Jqlhd_t_fiaug
    * qptq lLndf-
    __ry:u toliE-r
    ----qtdisiry tu
    -- 0qrug_ lhii o

    .--,{ thq rgel:l


    --- qt irc -dgt

    ri

    ,
    d

    -__E-:__
    Sdght rlng
    D u
    -Lfur+rnre.c( _o_utLel_thlue_ffarnu_'rl__ *,,-o*.
    Lhe dk eady*-weldrog_ po{b_on _*
    &e_ _t_o_.Lhjs*_rntes.al--#.i,
    lo?t
    .-,-
    krnty dif f ds cutting.,- ---

    CJ- notpossiNe Ntrozzle fr


    uiLh arc u:eldir4

    uxdino on t

    =-T --!16j{@m5 -;-'*-*._-l. -gu*


    O7!:

    uri?g fiom
    dn de!-nent
    !_1111 Lq!e!_p tpcS-_&_hptu-f, !p!j , flf_Er tbrs high p y3ssste
    - .FlD-iilrtaH'=i.
    taq { H,O l Cao PAGE NO.
    !;'f : 1v'-.:-rs
    ,r4t*lr?@rl<l
    -CrH. DAIE: I I
    . :.," t, .i__-.:-_ _

    die sleeJs
    -
    Ahmic H en WekJIn

    Hf H-Hr J AHe
    ---qov-Jll--
    Cu0r-i A-L:-
    al{r ) aH,
    0:rQ. A 0__- _

    -b-JJr -{4E-u:ilL-be iupplJcd _a h_


    -the-h#mg-ex.4aJ- --G-.d t5sociafed-rrh-- -io cjrvrr/-ual-H-ah ---!-flig technjrpr
    - rf*ihe -H -alomE- ----1h ictrner n;a I
    I
    tng__1lenp_*ry_-, Lnum= - -by-ustng- - r,1

    *-*btne ty--rc,lnslrry_Jorne_ _fhal *ugy_*tll_be -nXn --u.riil -tf,l


    & il-u:ilknr
    -tlrerrrll- Lxtr

    :1.:j1..:. -r lt: j.-t: iaj::!:.::


    'rnbdffiI Facffi., U rFt.!r
    j,
    :-.',,.- l" :a
    DATE] I I

    :. !. j.

    : I rttss

    -plqEd
    .-*.---::'-:----,----.--,-....:-.^..,_ __.----*._:-,!_,_-.--._. ._.i.,..!

    Crucible

    Thermit mlxfure .

    r$ILfi,'eldi* - 3F€j0*{ } BAtr -:r 9Fe f 4 Atpu" +_ J Mf/hDol

    - -J{-ah*rry Jif,u.techni?,ue urill be usel -fo.r *he urelding of ta rle ,


    -- .thickns malrrral -, Iher:noi| -p_irfure* -ilL ou ignikd . ,

    *--by-*rB+ - Mg-rots . af-Eer- gel--hry:__ lzooj


    ,_Lberrnif i
    -- -ryn --u:jll h,keg -plnre* D-ucrng- thr _,pnore%.,.._-f.e.. isseparak_d .

    - B iL-u,itLcotvprtad-inln l",gu td -stat-e due.fp. heaf of

    *)
    t i Thls.1igjr!,.rrnelO{ qr?t/ibe epis infg*th ne*B:iirLc j.*
    lrg:i{-u.H?,g;
    i +.
    heal of fhe tiguid rnetal , btme base dlso

    -- les thrckn .

    t+ Rp is rr
    ! -fuilon-o1

    Q cle Tine
    =t'@,
    !'Contact 1ot I

    _* + _& !_rffq_!_!_.f 8r_1 !: , due hc lage surlace ar"a

    ---i-- - .---*-- -- ---Sn^-JIA-|-+- ry-L-,-,-.,- - -


    Hs = JrRt
    ntcr NO.
    l-rE
    :DATE tt

    ulill be produC

    -b Io -pndure __-n
    , r afi on--of_ _fuej nk
    -=Iahd la
    ru(8 ._trl,

    t
    $orrre
    ._l+ Boller. eh
    ylhepu
    elechndp5 .-_F-u
    foprhon-_tVelding_._ __ _
    - I

    - to--ext. r,4
    --dqre-

    ! : a: ::'ir: -:i:: .: 1:::-_.:-! -?i-


    &ppg. Electyodo
    :akproof joints
    ill be producd

    t.ake ptare
    '?ower Suppty :

    eldtng Speed-hrgh

    due ho ralters

    ligh spced

    rroduchton

    "lr-Ic pnduce -the -;oin& rpithoul any tndenlahon DD ffre, *,,i1


    I"De Gn we #lis terhntgue -. 0n one 6f -tlr-e_ sfie_et 1o be udded
    -provide rome-"pmjerhbns by-usty embossing qer€?hoo, -
    --Ap+lV J[g1o wrrS,nnerh._preelu r e. _ lhrouyL_tlre _ _rnpper_ __. _ _._

    -- elerhndes-.*3y,lmrih-r5- -ol +h.- rnalzaa 1_ ab_proiechon s-_& _


    -- due-fn .ext.yrJsu& jotnt wlll be ftormed -atrlhe-1oI-ophbxJ -
    e
    conLaclarea o} elutrodes irdentahbn on lukd.

    -Vn=

    r{

    = qq,o6 rnm

    ,*5(

    -- rl, - l4 lpE-fsrsf
    , Hi_ = !O5__-

    ,-qzq-$oli- I-:-rrzx rd_a*


    L:--foxro
    tser
    -
    - _
    - :-irrniLili't'
    '.\ :ij'u$ elemF

    iibpr,ro. loe',
    lskd. .:-_
    DATE: I I

    . Bo0

    R - 500X16+
    [/kgy ru;
    ---:-----*----+*=.--;: , *_:_.., _._,-.-_., .: ;-_

    -_x0-J+x3;.-...-...^*.-.-....,---..---:-^.-.---.

    -{zlur-oJ-x-dBpx I r0-4t 12rqxI o_-lx,_roo /, d)


    : JSl. BJ

    : ( taoo:oJ.'xl,soo t, ro-: ) xto x {o-l

    fali:la_::. .:-, :,'r-- .:! !r>1


    €losfi Bqtl welding-
    du\ evlt- olt-ttut- " Elechrda;hblder:s, :

    axial)

    -v.
    JointtS produre(
    t+ptash is
    there due b iparkirg

    i lul; q,lf'S *h(li'ate't


    Wfi ure ran use thtshrlrg-

    Pourer Supply tuill, be qtum.


    BU rnovlng lhe one of fhe elecMeho/cler
    ' -AppLiahrms.:_
    2 wlp,s. At theconru
    rnake Hre anhct of
    i-",orodur e_ _l
    uill takes plarc , After getting suflict'eni ibppd
    -tglru{qhg!- __ _rupplyr: ta
    d; rp flrI joint wut be
    torrned
    , '- " 1.. -
    _joried byJlu
    *-"in]ar/ace frmr
    1we{qcs_tI4!y 8 solld obiecb end, oc end or
    * *_rolhrllrcfsh
    - _meth ogiltu
    xgh Efle!ry_39:iseryct,.!|{lg::
    R:9) !r.

    , Hm '-1q
    .,
    -Li li!t!
    .,:i
    , :(i 1 :

    plpes direi'fty'i1rom lluse


    lulu
    s producej
    ,ere due b sparki

    :-genaahon*@*
    "ralta* long -tbe -lenglh*ol l|',e pty._-r:xL-gressu,re--r"j[
    ue thts talntqw -a
    tll thteaornt-urdlhe lwna-ahng the-..kngtLof -

    eleclrode ho/tier

    h reshhnrc
    'ienY :
    sh.ppel

    --3or:led ty- ftash hrtl ,retding . using J0-ltP-g-upp-ly, . Eb the- -


    .-inlardace lrnnr olmelal- ffihlig rnelh- -hnt e ath-pipe- Ihe- -

    - *,ronlarh*rrslshnre-rs-6N k)fr! ohms I eat$q regutred ftr bre_


    * -meth nyis.gl$ M{mi, --Delznnine- 6mr rcg, fur we-lding -. -- -- -

    So-L- R: Q2,9J)

    -*-Y*,= rz
    \+rt'-dl
    (rrd.roo)xl
    !
    fl*'.#i*
    ,,,;=,!2904flfi3.,i Lr'i ' -'
    ,
    , thlg __
    io.r -Q
    tn 0 St-r
    d/red-c

    Hs = J'Rl.
    arC crril'

    due T'

    99!ere,-

    corhoi'rr

    lePlr,g!qn'r
    R
    -t Prusie
    30(.
    q2'q
    9 !elg:_

    ry HN is*r
    Ea;krila! Weldrrgi- 9
    l-
    lnfernar

    -.--,*Jotu'd. srai r

    ,
    -{old-Wetdtr" J
    .-
    - Pcrsilre_ [a/e*r

    bpper plal<
    "trosficn.ontp_ _-

    --fora.11-Jl f,pl,,[-
    (onla(
    Ari - -:
    '*i
    --$softnees:. ____-''"
    ,ifftre_partnal
    queolhelfoiflDJ
    of oxide layer -*-i.
    ofh rlal
    ii

    ' --:--:-- (J]l


    direcL currenL reverse alove hng h rale ofcur,fenf[tooo,
    fnih'ally he# Is peneratrcl due 'h the
    * arcblg:*tf_etnrhodu1|

    --!t!gi{lig*glggit,a x h,ur srr;;;;;ffi


    tuqhjs,sBgeji&(delgr&l Th;;,* br *1.-
    -- eeilu
    -- tll r{ r tlejsu rlau.e;
    gsqowqel-
    flir -asogtd lstgi@EeEt-l
    ;;;m;i
    -
    ___--qqlplLqt* * --

    3ls_ irrqc (rer)_ _


    ?_ _llleyp.g{ shess es dre ynore due
    in theloint,
    l^o
    t[l.{i"lbr&rr e]^_la}e e ! l,

    Gtd_We{drng _

    - _ Pressre Vlelding

    pfashiJrfpn_na.

    gf wide layer^

    8ffiffi:tgtr_F5,,:*::lin 8}ji,?1_.EF,1FE5+:. :1ry.!-:1!l


    -?'Plash( defurmahrr
    PAGENq.

    ,irpsolid sbatp

    ol the rnalrr/al,
    ItrAL tsvenl las in:,thfs rag 8 thts kchni utill
    -- le55 _,a_n

    4 Ctaddi oP the t^*r rnal-erjal.

    .toka4Ja rc: (

    appled-b -p,
    Targe i- p)ale -be-
    is there
    hl -SEanrl- off*Al5h nie AppJrcahonr::
    t-

    - _? flrmalun r
    ..- -,,..! -fdb g{dho ;, c

    jnrhon=
    Welcunr
    --.^-_--:. i : _.
    --_]_ __l__]
    orea fo get *te
    - __-AKtal Movemerrt
    directon of uxtd)rig,
    -- .- -'fl
    ubo*W-_-drfl
    on.r, -

    ---- l+lf it is nrt inct;nefi


    -- Jeafgeoerahm
    .! t!
    --
    Ton-laTIAoea
    --
    --more '[s, ihrax]al-
    pressurc
    ,t'::
    .i 'il il.,; ;'. ii
    ,",r't)-; ,.rsi1,'-rJ r'l r{ i 1:.,

    , ,lrq\

    - deformah^CI) --+{o,s-a,51Mp Frrrrp


    Traosduter

    c,,till
    -"..-.--__*_:,_
    0h, -, le5s than 1mm thl:ckness sheets.

    rqlr&et--_--.-
    lUigl h$ler,tll+eurer-npB_ty_ lgg.iwn fu*_brlp11{qsr ;
    _&t!.t q_9i!!,_

    -----hani !ned-;"fu*fhL.-deep- r^rlpjbtougl ltx_.'rraro p; -flt. the,, :; -


    - --roolu* .Lro/f- due tD dr;amHsh.earil* f,r.f-4.*"lrr*iii--
    .

    -JakapJan_._ -[oJ:o.5.} Melhrog4ornt ]rmpu_j * . _ .

    ,r due l^o Aftrr:-Ehhn4_suIl beat_.sb l*.- {n ne Il _uat


    ,nrou,5 forrvs
    u
    :-be-dpplied h-- prcdu re_-_Lhe_pin f
    is there

    l'
    _ ihbn is there
    ermafure*]lJtndrn4,._ ___*-- . - ..- -__- .

    *.
    r- t -::.---;l-l
    ng dlnlf [vr

    *,--mtnJurh re - :t lr*the lytLlL ip Ee


    Lo geL he
    hbn rif ucetding,
    - .--
    fl ut n rng -a,troli o+-_f tl:er
    . -. --leat geneahor__ ------bs
    - t-

    *
    Trca-;- m;r€ - 1'se the axial ----l- r,t--*-*---

    - to twS.t
    / ptate

    :a-t:-ra,ii."5r--.:-:'::-.- . . : a --. 4.:a-1'f::1'4 r' .1.':'j:1-: ::!


    b lhrr tectrintgue
    wttj be usd fotr wetdlng
    rnakrtals, 5irnilar or ahgrnilar havtntt s .,J

    cross-sahbns nn be weded,
    Oneof the obiecl h be .,ceUed lobehek|
    in fire chuct< 8 rolaled ab a glven qeed. Other" object wtlt be in
    axiol rnovernent, Due l-u contacf intlidllv rubbfno achbn r,oll/
    Iaket plare. Due lo Hrts oxlde layers rah berewved." Bv ].q U",e \ Prnris-,r
    axial piesiure, ftlchbn tr:f ll devetop (:heat *irt be prodared.iQF[tr^ ] '
    lbingtha sufticientffi elo%riul lrwssure clue to Af, i"-t b lhrs trorr
    tr:it! 6. produced, Shengfh oPthejoinf in this aseurill bemdx. rcifh knzl,

    iurtarcr t

    P(U1u(e-er
    To redde

    Applirahontu

    b ts used .,- 1
    l+Jn blacksrnithy operahon

    Elechoo beail tr

    f h-be uarhd- rh-fo-b€--brakil ln &r rr


    luupg- F-
    ilhzahrn- !rrp- -8 e.l frzuun-ri- Fo-b-r -r--
    _,'
    \

    -Lf Md"+-.-Clorl utlh t -tnn- -lpith-lourf-8- md lamlstne) s-*


    ro aherrb,
    .\,
    tYE g-iif ,

    :::.:.i::aa.-;,3:::-..--i.i:i:.-:::i-r:;rrr::r:::r:;:t:i.:.ri. : : : ::.:
    r*E.l itr,fJ eli{u
    i.

    fri PAGENO.

    DATE: I I

    , ,o 6r held
    "r:fll be in
    ion r,.:il/
    B.'{ \ ble 'L) Precision 8 acrurar
    dard.itFltr

    ,ill bernaK. oifh belttr act.uray L prerisron The lbtnf 15 tormed bta 2
    turfa(eg due ho 0lornfc lrrltrarhbn b'rcr-olenerq u dttkrenrc, ft
    ' P(65u(e energy h only usd ,dt ditfusion hme -r uery hlqh .

    inside.

    Applicahons:-

    t+ rs used F0 prduce fabhiafion of cutLl.ooi|,_Sd,r____ _ _

    Elechon beam

    (i*?;,el;ilG
    ,.;J.. €B
    \l
    . &='
    \/
    t,nlo reervqb' ,t

    ed-to*frr:oo-
    '*ia:V --r Anode (n9
    al- thr: su'h,eri
    F7t / i-a
    neh'c n9 L€N5E

    tsLoelq- * / I
    ---.-=-_
    1-o ahyrvb, i:l-l )i,F
    d
    T
    ''l
    t- 50,o,oo- Z,t)o,ooo krnls
    ' j-1. l

    20 - 20okv
    + 5110 mA eoill b
    -;
    .-t-C

    TC
    lo; I -+ 3o:
    f-
    1

    ,b ,prtt-tr
    .".---i€
    ;1

    l weld h^at

    ti) Ru--y
    (071i
    -

    A$lrafolu

    Ugefl ..r ,

    elufuaric

    hnrih:l-rbns---

    U Wlf- fl-u.$L-hs-o -cond a(ht


    __ttraf *0, Ct..r

    I ftir',r

    ;.r;a,-a-.--.. -
    's'*

    I
    fi{tuf

    ,)

    eat genen rcill [akes ptntt 6n bhe r,'f .

    if urlll tUe en itrho ffie 9f' rcith ffi rnln.


    weld bead utldth,

    WheflAlLrte .--
    n -asulhg I vor oFLRsrRg
    :Ruby
    ri)
    Iti (42 Lry;er

    COr: lle I [Vz


    .-_-_.-
    ': talP aL o
    inh_.b.orc,__.. ___ I iii
    zfd,brma_att__

    used in weld irrq of l\0-,01, I iE allop_ in oeiosp are 8


    elerlronrt' induslrtu,

    iirniLol-rbnEt--

    - itis :
    diffcuJb Fo .weld
    -'4'-'-: ,;'
    ----
    htqhlv reflerlive
    -.;,:_: .,;.-J ':--Ji.':;1:,,
    ,l'ndlerials.'liite
    -1.:-j;;J.-:-&:-tr--;--rj-;.---=--
    silnsv -.
    ....:-:..-.--.1...:..'. .1':

    ;-''----- - -''- -1--


    I

    Heahfloro Characterislio:-

    rultirg. Ieq_sl - ..

    I
    I :':_i: a',:,tr'r'.:; ;'ri-\
    -r'_r +Ji'"i --"tlt1:3r'rr_t
    -t) 3D$,e14,,
    pacpr\0.;i"r.i .:.

    ]....:--
    bero, t ,.'
    P6b, EBM

    - --U:_.t{ud
    - ft+lKq.tEf iq*.*"-.Lrl-3-'
    corrluchbo $ convr-
    ,-\ _+ cfimleesJ

    +:-8-+
    .--- Bd welfl PSP
    Hhe

    .,--- - -___ ___-H.:i[a-y)

    7ba

    f 3 ,l^letdlng s-peed. ,_.- _ . _: _. _

    b :t_ laaH_i_c.ad r.ur.clth,


    x,9,5

    r0F,

    corflurlfbo E .unr,
    *,mhst]

    Vb
    qd

    d Slabe tdeldin

    5oldering

    odl_be_imq lha n malemL__rqreetpr .than__ _


    rr/ tS $uxt_by ag0"c-( itil:iil hp tecs tharr
    mdudtuily o_t

    6A<e *^LrH I

    ic knornn ae __(u_8_'zn _{uAA \_fr^-LAV= _

    *It r-knourr -ar;s pe tltn---


    L>Ftur:usvd -cire
    zinc ,rhloride,,'l{€[. "

    -trqiold--b#a

    -* lLrrgskrr .aafiildt-tr olJ

    -Iypes. gf- -jofdecs-,I. ,_,, _-:_*_.


    For jolnlnq oI r

    Ynebls8 plaihi

    rgin bindss "t


    brush t spra*
    - l{eaium_ Sotder _ .___.50. 5C ondhesf v€ -rn
    Elechncionl Solder_*.
    Produce th-jr

    Applicohons.=
    t+ Brakeshoe"

    ,1..!1llafla,r1t
    b wtndour l"o
    b0qpeper_l

    Weldin
    4eFeut:
    tr.)l'orosf
    :. tfu_he__f iter nraferal rn_
    Pic[.poll'. ,t'i, ". t

    DATE: t t

    For lotntriq of tttw ditlerat malorialiE like rnetals & no n mebls ,


    rnehiqS plasYigg r,tle ca! uig. tlr,s, tuJtntqg,{r1 fh.iS thermoselri og
    . t-

    rei;ln:iiiiderc u:iil be used -on'flre surfate ol+traobjecF'by


    ------:--
    uilrq
    bM,h r spmy Painbng , roller Lqrut , keepingine more obJecf
    0nfuheslve rnalcrlol pyessure tllill be applred on the object tu

    Prcduce the jolulF ,

    Applitahons-
    l+ Brakeshoe

    bnerysrry:_&+lrlelqoe etc.

    li) Po.osi
    r DueiFo a;hrafirnpnt U atrn.gases ins
    1$lornotFi.hl td
    rndat info. ffiejotnF DATE: I t
    ,

    -Rsrredj
    ei:-
    h-p*turr-the_
    .b
    are$eee-#er- _proutde_ llu x*_m*rg; U_ th e_
    -dec hafuLhraL_*
    -

    = JheeJ alnde b_ehre w_rldio3_- *_- :_.-._.- -__

    't,fl-I
    hn
    rl
    _a

    orJ

    ,-,-,,...'..,..,..-
    t'ctue
    to tmpraper: edge preparaiio.r--g insuF{-trieot--wat
    @
    tlp E bJr.rrahrg:u
    [Orcdffait anr,

    -. tnakrta-|,
    .:

    _ ;lB,,a
    I
    lt
    ,,

    atn *?

    wilL alsodeuilof (nmp (raf ks


    - -in-he-urtdedlo fiil:_ = fS6y;re_lna@n_albyd&g (o

    b-Sretreairg jsloo+-
    bfudsrratl amount of-aJloyrng -e-fom-of$tlx_-

    -.he-base-
    U'noei[ii[::' ' ',

    Iype= of
    t. .
    L) due to g(cefitve-
    of_netal (,) Bui h

    :-
    +mdde c,i'Afl
    -.------:-
    Peqehdh''t (

    ioining '''sr t

    5m;drh-

    {uti!r
    :z-u-used-__r,

    mafu.ttnL_
    tthe -centre of;ornl due to,rnir].
    heat imnsfe,: egriaxecr
    eJ:+

    -\--t*-,-J"p8 _r

    .$urres_ n9

    il::t:-::.,1
    iPi(cENo.
    'DATE: I I

    llmdde clir*tly on a tlat sur


    hahon de is lim
    a
    joining for thin sfieet: ,

    L> is urori ,,, hpn {r tll -

    rnafurral*

    Lhe fusicr ,++.--___

    - )ne- gr- rns "_


    )

    --h-quireuo-ry,eual --ed ge- prep


    Plug Weld . i,
    *ii;s froiir;-i
    :1 -i,l -l

    DATE: - 1, ,-.,( .,, ."

    ra ft ar5*onlT-nf- an ofher-8a *d@


    ,--Lojl,q

    {
    I
    t-

    --<
    l€7

    -t,- -.
    llot
    bR

    *,.}.r:
    (ir,,

    -r:,.,

    -t:j:t

    -a;p

    L::.;

    1C:.:'i

    4
    -ri;.'

    *D
    . B'

    _jl
    .roc\1
    .:,:j

    !':

    z
    <::
    -

    .t

    '5...,r1

    -+2
    .jt

    6r
    n

    m
    6r

    B
    -3
    &
    'A
    n9
    .t

    -E

    &
    s
    -F
    -B
    €
    -B
    -6
    E
    lj
    -ts

    B
    ,
    ll"?
    4ormo/ 3 r"tnrbu/ rzn

    dwiq'ho'l
    &r,AA'4
    ( SPtc-al

    .. i : '

    + - 35 -----'--+\<- 3 d
    .o
    , !30 = qq:72'/ ( 6 .= ffocpx ' Calqb,titV

    ?iM Moodq w
    Moori . Moorg
    rt6ut<_ {|-a;1
    ")':.:- .??7
    H isl-roe"raro
    S=eb
    ><t x/.
    usL USL

    l-.-
    (:

    4) A {q+b( macttioq ?s jar2<lce fo


    'f^od{cL shaPr {1

    2s M di q r\ulc-r, co t^i ch. #


    y\4
    L..a,yj no
    "F u
    ptoctv cb; lavs-| e*.r
    ol o'ls nro , *gel.rntir,re- ' 0 CI

    I i.] Ff.^
    i;-

    *"ff = c.af+ AYu yro d+ud udlh A-iwnroo


    tl

    II
    UDt -f^an 2q.1 M r.y-? . t
    C ii) Ho^ *y *hoff Nrptdi,,\a Ls prcduu1 a,bov<
    .i

    - ''oa
    / 6 = o.ltr
    nb
    Ur
    {
    t

    r lqq r-\
    ,i'
    L

    P [x) dt =-
    (,:)
    { o' 15-

    -.4 - 0,,6 6
    ai,.,.

    = 2s,\G./
    \:.

    €-
    -a1

    .'. - ... i',


    2.f:t. - 2r
    (/\
    .
    .0':g 0B,Z,
    E

    0. ts- e:

    90.97 €E

    1':
    t

    H l- (o-z-rqe t o'q@ K7)


    \
    rp
    E

    :-

    I
    I

    I
    Hr,

    ACTIVE I NS ?€ CTIO N I lo)_


    e,''

    +,?..'.
    4V ?s aleo .aYLd ou"Lit,.{- ittsoeafrgu
    t
    i .6. i nspech.
    (..,
    ' c,or^rpom,nl , uo [^4/^ \t- is bi"* P Yn &uu-d . tr E-orvL+lu uq
    ,(-, U

    ll Ot;y rq CrYr€-c-f P)cc'v A c tion C-pr^ b Z +c lr(.h


    .ft'.
    qii: U t,S'no
    O' \

    -&
    E";! P{sstve rh..-ls Pr7q.r(o o-l .

    k-:_ !'

    '.', i:.
    .. rir.i'
    i t- is oflNhu" )^*y-c-h o i-e' 'r^sVfc! n ?,{0.(
    i
    y)rtrt)f.r,r-r';/: af +e{ l-' hel bz,e-u
    'i 'W&ilAA
    il.}
    i','
    -

    ',:l
    i-;';

    'il r.'

    e--

    Fr.:ra
    tbe
    _s lhu .,^A b
    t-o o
    d=,s

    alwT-<
    ; [""o"f
    *
    B
    . 6.\
    ri,
    F-s
    SiL

    -B
    e
    F}
    w
    (X*l---7
    @

    E}
    -@ q66LLYa'*a 'fvY
    frtq R
    e
    ./1

    E
    -@

    ,
    li=i
    -
    \o ,'-

    }VN* far/24*
    u;

    ?@" Me4r<N\4

    ,.:-

    ,,f\rr4
    frote & sH frFT
    /]-\
    t.:-

    1-
    r r

    qss^rY {

    r. Jn n*-osF- ,ai

    rw"& ft.s h i.
    v

    q.K'.',- :

    Fuuu I*rrE(qlANqABt urr/


    tf {hz Wyrl of WoVa^A e$= \1

    qYe a<ve"l q"C alw -lo torr"tr, *,


    E

    thent';oi ranfu,rr,rtq i? q
    t';iSW', ft { UoL t
    j-r.{u-t . i

    [o c.t -
    t ee t"rrkAf cal) is cd).d c.-

    tf \n +eoo-l,roig; bi n V
    F-,1
    $tt'*)? {,:

    1otva,^W
    4 ll

    ^d .4f a-a1a b( ruad(- * il{&*[- placen


    ,,.(ol.-

    nrtal-re Man a^d. tuaf€/baUl 4q^( cl,v.qp,


    ]1

    @ Mar,.ta, Mwcr.- b<-pnrut- d^ra? ^A 4


    o1-s
    tlYv
    0 .gl^rdo.rd r<-ahsq possf b{z

    fier".:,vq A. s gPtBuY
    =\

    ?-c' =- 4 Co-r)

    ..,i

    =
    4S
    .":
    ! Za,c:Ut
    g
    $
    ;
    s.
    s5

    F1
    E

    ds

    ta

    s
    aR

    ,a
    H
    E
    .1
    $frSi (
    "/)*
    l^€- i s a. -h"6,e^}-"d voll .;t ,f", uct^t ch 'l-{^a
    € 0 H

    -9 *d*{*-^^- tu,N bzoa d!/fiC,,""d .

    F
    ')
    ./'
    Norr,t?,tq-l ,& tqnder [s =faxdq*d q ucti [a b tq t drnu_ +o
    +Eq bq sic <i<e t=

    i.l

    9 4vqd-t o! lrwanw

    9 Fr"do *-{ol SedftJip/4


    '.Y
    e'<. Hotc \*

    Uni [q[-n ra-l


    i

    f:

    1i

    i,

    l2

    t(

    i_

    I
    w
    .U g )to>
    q RADE OP TD u ?AANC
    e-: '

    --4,
    t':l:'
    .-
    €,:.
    -tu
    - f+,
    \:J.

    sn'
    r.lt I
    )=
    : ..t_: I
    ,.1
    €-i I

    -e. i
    i = 'o,QsD'/rrr-oorD
    \

    , ,.r(\\1'" '
    - E; [4tu' O-3 ) 3-6 ) 6'tt 't

    z o lo'i"lg" 30 D--- (,$or^zi. ( ra.t-Z( '{o' b'to*on*)

    g. TT sl
    - ]T J ----> e-,uD<rt.} *dzt
    7t 7 - ITs --JQ-*zln. Wz2
    _@
    e 3 r s- 1T i6 -+ ?n(f"44 eanq
    e
    qY'
    € t 'i1u?6td fu'^fu -
    @ rr{i -rrr lrc Lrr 11 I
    to (rc/r.t to (p12/s
    @ 4y 3 ' 1orY'"i I o i
    i
    er{ t*l z-si
    s ,; 1r |3
    @ q 1-l I'r(o 1Tll Irt:-
    ; ro tr# i to frofs,u
    - ( oo ; (5o i zs-o i

    ,@ \oi 6qi ++..?


    lrrr I-r,6
    ; rrr\
    a qooi 6q0i [oooi 'n

    G
    e
    (
    -d

    l:r

    q# '$,#
    YN
    l
    $
    uiniru-qm
    rnrc"ff# 'ii

    Kefr
    LtqL
    $,s1 Y:##.
    I wl""p*nu Tt aoti h'oj ,
    :
    (fr,d rtr h'{ '
    Y

    e@

    (-

    !'

    ir

    i.

    Ovq
    a'

    aK

    A) +h{ dtffr*n i
    t

    + itott X. ata6t' (

    I
    63
    ,l )06
    i:r::.r

    u!d*"
    w
    @
    .-r:
    ei
    {:.,'
    : -:
    (.
    *:;:"
    I \s,f
    r'ro\a
    t..

    -q,.
    ir
    ;,
    t-'
    :t, ''
    .:: ,,

    ar-

    d)

    <:.9'
    -
    si

    e}
    '?l)

    ':: tq .B; o( 30 Mrvl au-d


    *-to
    unr* q,,L.f strc$l l,,av(.- o, ba.cic
    qi d rr r,
    -{-.,
    i
    l*AVa- a, c I e-o,, o,a re. {f I uu-r' ttn u-Ax\ru.u m CleavaD < c

    ri: o{ a^d rr,rir^-irurM c)Lqravta ,rP 0'O z n{n4 ' -tW


    0.0Q n4r}4.
    ':"'r ti"t" l-o le-raa sq- i s tD b e- --ta (er,r ao t,S lirWa 11A! sl^a( {

    ; bran
    .fD c[ Eelrt *^t mfu ta'ok o'4 t h-" fr+
    0 .,,t'iF 6e.
    ; uri*,y - G.l LtoL bax>s sV*+an il, (ii) =etf bc$s 'f re-v

    HatL
    -tv-otlL=
    3O'of Z (io+/'trxo'or
    @

    & 0-09 Hok\


    F
    ?f\
    \...'.
    'lu'l l\ -* 30,oo
    @ 0.bL
    1E iltr( = 21 ,1 g r.
    p l.Sr+ 0.gz-ty:0.0!
    sh'+/<
    B l(:0'00f nnna
    w
    4
    n^'m - Zi. r/7,
    E
    $
    rtpt(
    30 t0.ort d, o/r
    ^tot'
    ,/ 3o.or2
    ,.L \ /'
    ,/

    l0
    \,,,
    ryl 3o+0.b2-
    3O. o 2_
    r',/
    &,*kr i. 30 t"@-
    -/ ---M4il
    -e*2
    ,;

    a'00{
    =

    A :0: oqe
    = >q.qq>

    o)
    ?s-rl. 4\ (;+. F, ^Aq,u-.{"-l ile^}iq.hur,' ,( ff W
    /t ar^-f F i-s - s'-r4o'U

    g ,Plo*rry
    fOrk r*tal ,b<
    J e )Lary) iu.aho.,a Nsvu*hnn
    IUI '

    "'f,',roi,^-tsl dk and
    O',tn
    j s Cleoru-tsn'.
    h*u^tal 'dl^riffian,, fobr.q ,n c4,
    i I Mts.n dJawr-W a^d wl +ht_
    h q|l ,- e'r<c /

    @ Jn thr.. ft" r^,*ra inpttF is )n nr"i ll i wlv,r ^d


    s"fp"# ,'( in,a- ntacyrcrra
    ?

    (.
    t
    ,t1
    t

    I
    ))L
    !:) qilf| 2r ;;;-;>
    *--a
    -^ F:?
    t'l
    e ,11
    F:
    l; l/.)
    ^/ -- 0.Qs5 + 0'oo I

    5t
    (i\
    €1-- o.ol{J',nr
    t)= D*)"t

    i =& l.307

    i' t q- 3 6

    f 'r' ci
    Sb^P

    2#/ L\. 1uK


    Lt'"7
    fl"[q-\---L#i7
    2s-'*%
    3z-A 7-r
    a

    'r

    D
    'l

    '13

    t:.
    q

    {
    *9

    !
    ,
    )
    *f{"ft5grPiiF., :48:.',r:tt::,?".*-#1}'5f;.i:?;iaiiig$it?rF.?i1=-..e!3t:-*#re-yeinFij5:sErj-,irr'-.-ir
    l:-

    T0LEffiNce s tNK |:.

    F-

    t.

    9, !o'o' Iro'l I (,
    I 90
    ('

    vt:.:

    >r

    a:

    'ri-

    t-

    '.t
    _

    !+r i

    F
    buj- (:

    ("

    ,E

    P
    Lo- ?
    to'o7
    'ft= 3s to'o e e = 13
    q = tz t o'o z o- oL
    @
    ))L
    e htl' ( Rq
    6;.' 4*z+ 'd d+rtr-' Atqkfl,-l sana.-t wft:uana Qw ^dLd'

    - (.i

    (-
    -€,
    -&
    t
    (;;

    -€;
    -€i
    -f..,,..] iii
    t '-'
    'i'qq I @'tz)
    -\

    ' '€.l
    o'l z
    -(- lo I
    .-'
    .€.

    l.*) = ?- ( a+ e) 'ao.(L
    + 0'08 +0'0 .6
    lO_'O.t)
    3s'
    = -0.08
    \
    Y

    e\
    F* &) t l";:f' 51 o o I

    e /. '.,','..., .''.';':O',0' "''-:'-.i''


    c)
    -;-O'.O:b
    C-
    >'
    '<'
    e - 0'oo I -0'oo3
    e to'ooy
    e e-
    o
    e.
    e
    I+*- - j
    €
    € (an c+d+,
    @
    "10'o0J + (oP tto - o'oo2 to'oor
    a 4-0.0ot + 0-ol3 + 0'011 (o-otl - 0.oot-o.oor)
    €: a-x t0.0 0 I
    t0'001 0 006 6.0lY 7-
    a //
    -6r

    0 .0 os +- (-r.oor-o.ot-o.oo?) €
    lt
    \t!

    Iu
    :0. )01 + G'"1+o'oo?+o.oo))
    I

    \,:

    f 0-orJ -'.,l-

    0 0tz

    t
    -{
    (

    ;
    :
    a

    (
    ti:
    (

    {
    ./g

    (
    -.,..:-::d ))*
    :j
    .!

    ",!r4sLrrq
    ww.,^l .duanl "k^t . lo Vtvniev
    V!_anz "{ cou{act bttw'nn
    , g?nu Wrun )s a h q'sza
    e aJ.l;sxs'=n
    '{

    Varnrer s.^/t uur{ ru-ain -to-k. so f &0" $ ruztrtru"


    -rru.nl- k"ep o-D <hit'hn-f Bu/ in ca)< * n+iczoook'r.

    "**--Jlrr" 9e E<BoQs

    -4
    €yslern , $fnru N( cannat &qrlira/u qw|-
    {\-'./t ) -(- Fvnor "'Irvt - r 6

    it .

    (r) gkw { " fl)ote erro r *//e* f.ilL rb '4r^?


    fex;od €rror
    7q gryViom rnp-o4aL ae-u-l ilt;h'D{a frke qoex7zz*n1 caa^X-z
    fn =knpreaiu*: u i ba-a'-/;ona ,"* flru< €'trp'vs ca,o b<-
    Ci,rin^lnd ? ru6,Ac*y rfu da-fa,
    / . a ,, 4 ,

    fri:i1,....:::--7..-:-j.,j:ja:-:i!tfs:-;:t!::,jijj-"t%jr:-r:.i:-:.i-;:-:-
    o
    a
    :

    t*
    E xxafr c Fvro r- : Mde*lr7;"al n?uitrrnml' und%"'-;
    u',1.*
    WJ- nLst,;*)^qDCQ- ar^d fuhY '{v/z)u7a^C
    (/
    d;^;7:
    0 t U-
    "i' ', , P-
    d- -/fu rytchinr. i{ o'paa-alur r$WY lD frn E
    o'"Vol"-C
    0r* ffnk @ SoW n'"t/- a"d Mt f( looo. fiL \rv
    qyrb4- ?*t aul+-"A i, CA)/rA Qxrecfins-' 'otrvY'

    V
    \e4s'ufiEMENT trRRo2 \r-

    Co sfqe Ex noa :
    #.

    .Jg-eo XC)
    t'

    L--M--; (

    S i",z. E.sxns ,
    +

    .E

    Q.v voc = M-D (

    t
    ^.,
    rn/ Z>t
    = Md &s {
    (
    ti:

    -nb x .- *qn 60 a 60 t

    ,tl
    x_
    so
    ) dlL (
    l )))>

    w {wn 6n uqEs

    ?M
    mNoqo

    NOq,"W t-' QIN

    (-.1
    ;;;)
    --, :

    '!:: 'T < 0 -l'n


    -loJ (t ,) =l loo
    t/0
    lde*" Ti) t3 Y cn ca (^ ,) ^,r

    ;:
    €.,

    ,1i

    '5

    &n c!rya^a& o{
    ff*, qroflln t
    R,
    l;5
    ab rotut-a' M!-a)

    j'
    Yfl$v< qn sk, l"-4d,
    +n

    Pj,
    *6d (*knu^
    avp_ 'Ihue qry
    fT
    3,
    to , o,r L.icff
    L3
    ^a^
    ere +dwiqruA
    h
    td (
    ak fytqa (uArY) rwluu") .l;,-r^; t-
    U
    w
    g
    E6 A
    L @
    re
    a.rL de{r6nei el NNruilM rwateziqJ 'cot,tolJli",a'
    ,
    A
    E

    D
    -Jf
    +h{ (o g^rtr irrdd{ +fu t4ett, if MaAnr s€i€fr*-
    fro,,
    sile '? +h!^ si<e "? co
    i"':3^:f
    ichrn N0qo
    i"A"-
    :t fuos'nl iosrd-s- +ta hate, 3",Ar--
    .::, W il ,ritnt
    r=u 'sft-e ller lnnn r,r" .io.
    o:t'' "l *ooo
    8*T^oP 'l\eea_ f "Ai"_ales, +haf J{& t^r}t?_ Ts uri lh_in +l^{
    +ot, *eocb n An'f
    1o ?^tr ,.rs'|xf- y , i[- MeAr)s +t^e-
    hnt{- fs uucfurrske: , o"ul wkq N00 a
    natq< q*zj, ins,rli_
    i

    ( rr) C+O ero uso; +o ched< . both <ha_ye ot ueil


    0*.ff"

    rocar alloLoaDces hat +. b? yrevidta| ww ifu


    ff.u?g.
    tctrr-n bolb cro q,,ra, N oq o c
    qy.e /ucuh+€J o^ n*u
    (AruMor^ l^Avdla \l is sN,lP Qauq ss
    (,r'

    , caLto.e) tr:
    t

    t*
    L

    -ql
    (- - 9- zr3 w;m
    t

    W', NoS @--vZ7--


    '1q
    I

    ]L:I1.::=:1::,::
    bJC.

    ihe2hil/osovh6,fooork<bopcllTarfrnzn(i.,il-uillf..|.
    py*
    l'
    du(a- i,? y-g_
    -foroa'dso
    !f1,,,,1
    ^?^"^'*.:
    b/ adoPtry
    #tr;', X,r, , ?r-: !7":"*
    {fia<- ftr
    obuol
    ,f thl- fr*od
    sotne-
    ff
    i/hn7t"7
    porl" ue i tt bc {7r t"d ;,
    Tha
    7ar*;' 7h
    fs 1'4 ^:^tr
    fospecfion eP*/ ry?t
    ^f "lol":
    qf .
    tha,t
    pr,duce- /+r, (nntForunt

    fuk-ranu' BqL f { ao
    f,itt*autu- fs o'no7. &n^ 0o07 'k'

    :,1, -7pw bed park *,7t bu, *44 aL fr"-d P*'/: :

    "ovun tnzrn '

    tu w no uo<et q- /to ooances q'(-qd?s ovided


    A'"'" ; *'"ltt'U'
    Jn rso a*';# "
    a"d No?o

    qplrufual in t /rtto *,y nrutt b<


    Jn)nrI

    t{Fn.'4",'

    * f^et
    n dintnsaeo /
    Lz) in rrbi.chvu bf " TmbbNtn'"'6 f," indu&" raoa '
    cro a^d NoE} t^ff' , A%' ?
    TbLo

    t:l

    't1
    ry fr,
    q) 4 u*if, C1o aod No7o zsu*fq f;.t E,

    ,olo- T'i
    --
    'tre oo3 Z (.

    -E.'

    0.092 'F'

    0-00 3 2
    <c7o $^<
    Y,
    0-otq
    Qo @-{oooii

    \5

    ',0q7-ru| 0.005 2-

    '25.*.A.0032 .= zS.OoZ z

    2g

    \ ^, n ^t z 2-r + O'( 2-S'o3.s2 t'

    \n.in
    - zs+0.o32- = 2S'O?Z ./
    .a

    t:'

    NA\l' 2s-o'D!9 = 2q.981


    (+0<-' t

    -n&t n A
    t

    2s- (o .0rq+0 .os)' '-- LCtt{Lq'


    -a'
    _ *' 'r--j.:
    \ zMqX-
    N0q0a
    \---'-nai r-'

    n. 25- ( 0.Dli + 0.0-sz+o.0osz) = Z Y-qz 3& E


    u

    _/ q:

    t
    (

    t
    (

    :::tlp ii:l:t::'
    ))tL
    + o-os
    e) H oLe 20
    + 0.01
    qo = I N oq o : ?.

    kul'"
    ffi
    wa nr0(0

    0'0t

    20

    4I
    , \l I

    r)"ur L,-or
    ."-!,{')

    '' ' '(i'o = >o'+' ''o


    o I '+'.0. o'o
    { .: >o.01 Ll' 11

    LA+ 0.0s + 0-0o\ : 2-0'0 tVZ


    ,/
    ll
    {
    lo t 0.oq) :0.00 q?t

    E:e

    €
    ,a! D:
    t{

    nh
    E

    w
    .t1
    i
    i,
    A
    9

    )
    ?El;iGtt;;ti:ffiT.1Hria!
    6.ln

    ril

    -tLrP
    Eii

    QauqFs e*
    Y]"-1

    'C.
    r{ orrnal Sel-

    r.00 t
    Ex: 28 . lzz <--
    tn ro
    1.009 1.002- o Y;
    ? -_
    t.ol t.0q 1 27"q3 \*.

    l'Q"t,- I l'03 Y
    t: r
    q q
    26 .q
    lO qD :- q
    l:9 @
    ts
    ---::---:1' 2S:
    S
    Tb+ql - € st)pftnY
    _rq o
    ( pce-ia.l s el-
    €x. z*'q?z M\ :
    t.00 r l-00q q
    ==-- t.00 z c l'

    l.0t l.qq qq 27-q3


    fl

    0'E g..s - Lq t.q3 @


    (}

    t0 qo ' 9, 2g'g
    f
    :
    fr
    6 .J-
    [i..

    s7 {
    e

    'lb+=J*" q stip ?qf (


    (

    t
    t;

    41
    )))3

    {N qL€ I rcchs

    q 27
    0en^Q!-.
    I 3 g 27
    Mln,
    0.3 O.s- t+t"]"
    Frqc+ions 0.0 s 0-t
    uifrifl^A
    op *.,- ttith
    S ar%q. ( l'afe
    I
    k)ehs { (ibs
    : ---'-------

    SINE BAR

    r?
    [rureqr E<oMErRy
    t"

    \n

    t,l D :

    D
    9""
    D
    B
    Par k
    Bri1wv

    1. -':"'
    ffi .(;
    L
    6.

    (:

    6
    8 (
    D
    I t
    i
    bzztrqd-1a (

    Ink",fsrQ0ce I

    ,_
    1))L_

    il;

    h Bz*wao *bz *r,ro q uoutocl,trnnra*ic b6|"tl ,


    "^of
    *.: j[ thave odd l^u{tHp{u
    or.s h/z polh d\ffuw*: tF,
    [e-de fu axd t'to-n ce a&arlc
    ,gar-l {"" scYa?J). Evt2 av84 V /,
    Duqlr
    ^P?Qalrs
    pr-+, irlfu^Llce kBdA -1. Y2sl"t l{i,;o \wfe,d?),q c(. .,

    :r 'r
    LtEnr<- bY;ft+-t-
    (
    bav-d tt ?*: +q+ s ere'? :' ,

    =
    $ p:tico.l +w
    r- to rurvr
    ]
    <-.
    2S.-300,rru

    4BtBC
    f,L:.
    furT,
    =:.

    lA = AIsl t Bl cl
    x z A'@l 1an 6e -- l.ts' I l xB
    L = /L*.
    AtBi = nh =

    .,J

    j:-x djj reaDe .

    *
    tt:" u.

    D
    €-a

    .:i;

    fi;

    E
    t"l

    '=
    H

    W
    f"f f Lv c.ovvw,(
    { ?-s ott suvfau,
    Y
    i\v

    ce-r,ttv.a , +D
    +m, 6{t6q^rd 4recfioo,
    .broaol a"d. -i.4 )n 41,.L
    *e,;.kn * udtt keo+,
    t
    &-q
    \"_

    {
    '-

    ED= o)
    {'

    t'

    €
    ,l
    (

    rf
    ) ah =e)(:) (
    (

    (
    t\t,
    fr$ ?:0 0o asg '44
    4> -- A 'oO Z
    -'
    oh I Po* b-ri)
    n__ 6.7tx2
    = tls =(V
    \_/

    7s b

    ex2 =121-z
    fr,, b.ilo
    ::
    -/Lo, @X

    STRAI qHTNEss
    h*
    t: onifuC
    by ;ieinTn? '
    U U d

    [G) ::3?frh! ,W: ,g/stf hl ?df" * a


    Tiece
    rf block

    &nz = onfi'u
    . '1 nbich i's =/T7UO..
    -.s th q *{rug h l- eay *:u surft u.n1' =Wl:k'?iU
    ^n4- v' exq rxFnAh'on ,
    'r
    ; ltn{ensry" 4 /iJu,r furu' fr1e
    :"r';fr:
    a is ebsrrneel ,
    -ir:, , ,!.f.,i, wT+y
    *ri=27'nifi*pt .
    } if rnzans .uffi* 1-s s fzat6h t'
    an*u.et "/: ft
    R,
    'e3

    * ) 0,s@: .gqrfarn undor ex-arxinahon is


    : ,eiffieTutnc'€ ru;ff) sTanmt sf<e "?rtJ fz
    x spici t 1orc/ ' BJ k7'i7 'spiri t
    'itte s [<e
    ; "f lD potiffeo Fk
    ; , l€rtt -<?frnq{
    ,{o,,,v-t , "/
    -* $v1lthtn fs oD'fed daaon u"i rbe c'harqclerishz€
    -B su'ftru csp b<- p-h11'4 ? i,e'dry tbe {f"n q^o/
    B la.,'i pc;o{, sfta)7at- /ine : 4'aui q
    ^d ok'uiahun
    D *u*frre ati Y<c-s'd'y',
    ",f
    \I

    Cc.) A uh co l/i,narbn : t,f-l

    trt:
    6:I:

    d- ke|-la&Dr
    (,

    {=@ryb f;

    5t (:l

    E
    ASI
    a
    -z
    AS 2r S0

    tr IATN trss
    f'-

    .f
    (

    Pe*t1 bU_ d)rcrdzn. a^d


    +At d?*fu*
    E

    + tlfu. (r

    su.rfa6a fu,- l*us w{*-* ph^ ):r ns*r) do onq. (

    t t
    f- (

    .r1

    :...L;lr:r: :::r .-'l..:.'::t1':::'-<'.a'!::-:1-7-a:_.:-:-:r,:::_ij-::_.:-::i:i:i___::t-i_.::;jJ_.:::*jj-i:


    - Gi,
    \:^;,
    \\\L
    - €jt

    -u? C oNtPAR+TDRe
    v E"l;
    \1.i-

    M EC HAN t cAL C0 MP,qRA"BR s

    { ....

    -$,,: ,a-'s/
    dvurtl
    ,
    a:-l:;

    (l!pnh\6, :(nift
    l.:.,
    '{a'J'', e;uohren
    -----fr-
    .:t:j:'
    %
    -

    syti t^7<
    :.r.:.t
    (?J _--.-p-
    /
    _€, tt:
    C*sto
    o r) '

    e,;
    4..':rj.

    {f
    ,-i
    l'.al

    /'?t
    J
    lr
    D uupaLztl.0"s,
    I

    *0P
    €:)

    fri'
    ilij
    Yfr^
    *.
    DS:
    g,

    -f:
    ....ui ..
    Fa
    h],
    .E\
    EP
    enteooil fo** s t(P PV
    A
    I1."
    "V
    *
    -4'
    @r
    jns1e.fioo I s 'rwaay"d-r ts ,P
    B r$.qQ'tfactu'i ,Atffwe4- I-tnks
    7
    -

    E4

    e
    d
    @
    qefirW is ,[r rr,titsed fu 100 o
    'J9
    -B
    -E c rr,tfchat ti cal funks t (nMfcrarbv- /s
    .,
    e
    I n schqi'hrC tD srwaJ)t:r *^f i,r d)nruna.OlrL .
    E*

    rleti.ol .rrr,lt Qno wlay utRd it^ qv, utlq, (,


    *.d "&
    .fl'*?Monr' bu[*; if A^ #*c ;'ru:
    t, cu.ne bu.L fu i-{s ,-8 "r_} p-.itio_ra . ,S _Tn[*-
    try"A "rtb G slofs, o* *s?a a^ yzs.fo"i"q I
    M{Aq: c* s ro ts ar( b-^a- ffi *fl ;
    0 ?wvid",-or
    r_",,":*
    ,oYt ary+ttlat. :' { ' "r:-ai{^"1 sfu% is At rW is,
    xalpy,e-e)" 4 *ff"r)- is pwrid,api o*er( +fu ,gtak +o "
    .\.
    ru^;fl*- p-^^ r- o-llorr )#. \-

    MIKROK TO R i
    v

    .t

    ,:$

    {:

    ffi@
    t:
    .t'

    fi,,* t- "Y
    €,

    -A- .
    L

    L:
    i

    i
    E

    t
    ,11

    t
    !'
    I

    :r-."1 t::
    :i':. : : .:r .''
    -uB ))u-
    t,eat is heliraltS tr"l=l-e.d Tn su.b 4 *"d k^f
    \ r:;.''

    ; A ihrn*
    *Qi; tl,La- caut-vw i s b."E rru lr*J , ri6 l- eidt
    fl * h

    .. v\X\^t t^q,^d *p,.r) sl G"d sldq )s


    "
    "^A W ffv<r)
    *v"ils{- -I}'\( sh&t is y*fr'.Y"a aM
    -. ,"lO
    -: 'rr hs^d
    _;;- NE-Uq i{.s Wp\ €'o l+'a1 )( aW o*^'^r ay Yv'}hd.xd
    .: : '.c tro)4
    'arv1,wga*n+tr
    ,rr.;l )ur , *ho| rqriofi* * sin< )n *[tq
    U.
    -"n
    rJU :iso"r,-ii y;:,,t--coa .-*; iC Y h,u"nd..'. porH on to bB- d+ht {
    ::)l
    , ,-{*;r1..,."i nn-ore g d;r+/ bra
    r lt Il -- - A-
    ar-6 i r,^ba\a1ct- \ n
    .v

    - +*js i- t4^"" *^*"\ pte-+ieutt +D x-B'taf<'

    PNeutvt+flc coupnRfrrpR

    baclPress's'e'
    Sur$ace

    :1t

    t_t-

    ';r Pn *oks d+r ynndpb- + or-$:e!'a-l'


    or*C'. cornparai-av
    i.€ 'i,lf ,^tr .tD tur+*.f fU ^ dk ?' , batL P1€ss L{).e
    ux l1r^1 i, u-b1 in *tu k.k6"u*r^4
    I
    + j+ uoLicl't c4r^ b<
    rWnai;it"rBJ ,& a Ntclon dor. ?,*u*nh. *ryontlorc aYe *T
    ---i

    #
    9

    ?"? uf,qu in \nct r-efia 6qcro^e 1o


    7

    I
    F
    o $+ril,la lw1euhen is leesi UL.
    9 l^^yfi.-.l,eo -{-"W L :U 1,r0^
    :.:1_.

    i:.)

    @ir\d{
    Coynssnd a.tr uct^ick is qvr* wo, *oA ir;
    00',
    *-r
    sf-ne>

    ,ffi x;ff ake )-1

    u0
    -friq-hJ d ns r=
    b oltu SAr\,1{ ,A *pWrr+rr)
    a.-t-r 6av\ Ua-a u^{o)"iD @
    clbsez
    W",
    €efatnetet,

    fi* S.r'6o *
    blsCno
    G,^lrt I "tutdt
    VoJue

    E:

    [.
    t.

    tu],e js -st-iat^J{A"
    l.

    fo 4}*h 4t^L cnu{tyy\btl;y


    d" t+rir Wu'd
    ,Jratuyeuut\ a^ b<- $w^atr'. ln,,/""i\
    I

    + ,*. \
    t

    btado) v{- Ae;5 e(o,A daA in +t^4- l/c,"k + wfaw)e'r


    c
    t

    fr +l"a} i+ 6i*$ex i{- (-otv.u ir,,t couu'fq cl


    gJh-t-'rurlsc- (

    urlfh +t"{ -p*a N,a*ex- *u,r-, }tu- +D sfqir. f".+ o 0s (

    clarya .'"|vr .$rw,ne;on t

    1,:1 i.:1_ : i;:r5::irr::t:ar:i::i?,::ir:.r-,?.r.:3 j..,._


    -6 I )ts
    g @ ,oif{rn^^ho[ TdfL /**h. hW:

    z:zzzz 2777
    sr sz
    th"

    percV_

    odt^4Y. ga
    nrurlral i{- c-a'n
    fs
    ^ff*

    WtY"2
    A/{ee\
    z nd*,

    frru-r^ i?t ioa,0rol edtk


    CAonochnshL
    Po(nl hnr
    p
    .-._-__--_
    r0j
    +/ 6,-',
    -P c.-
    {'"-

    t;:.:)

    ilY

    fv

    J,l
    M= o (-

    ( Do* 1ru'lov
    6=l'l 21") :.:-
    Pt
    ---|
    , " ,.
    PI u'e ':'
    F'

    t_
    l-r.

    4 0's
    b
    <-
    M r,rt
    ,o
    A 0 -8- = l'l
    b
    C-
    M*i.,. --@

    n4^-q s
    0h
    =- Mu^ 3 Y

    &rUf"*t- 't rt"* b-lr, dt"t


    2 tj

    M*rr- M";n
    \i:;' ))ty
    - 6'i
    + (';iL

    ? 'M*i,
    r
    !:+'
    t*t7'
    * ft-.. KrrXu 3
    ,l
    - (.u:,'
    /
    /
    * s,;
    !J,
    .,V1,'.
    "dd 1 o r\ bofb s),la
    -43
    8r M*n
    F^,
    M *,r- 7 Muio 13
    ('
    Z
    tl,'
    fi:-
    * t;ir
    {----
    - t::i' ."'-'r)

    f:.
    \l..

    vat//! b/c &'* O a^C @


    *atr.z or*W *
    11/ avt

    e
    Jb o'q P
    d"t
    'ya

    li ca,n bu*-sa4 {rw{, tu6t*r. rs +t! P/./ pycuttr\


    tli f I k xn*rfiv i'fi
    b,<-/+u,
    * p rwarua#c cDr^lD a +-a rbr, buh
    h'f* 'fD{ol pru*uyu , veqtriras siK<- n4qnn rv!-kr
    42.
    ohjc-A *% ^*f b< silifqba J#." &troo'inotu /p)n/-
    vit-.,\
    "L
    A-{?^l- d*
    M,rf)fi.alieo #O" = fn pul =JT
    x-yAP
    dm
    lyl e aS,)r\oq l,t aoj
    se,aLifi vl+y
    . rn
    = rrdrlu
    /rJ*,
    #--

    : 4P
    -*
    " .. . ' :
    1.rn4l
    .-- zl

    0-0A Mut F-

    /\Mr = .ta
    ?z,sco
    I

    U (

    C
    ,-
    (
    ,t)
    \

    I
    ))2o

    ,8rqtrAcE 71*,str

    \^
    Ro

    'vJ atti-wt-t1a

    ,{uall voaveleT+,i f
    "aril
    Wduah0h' 4 to'fr' qre

    catleA nu,hntn *Wh dt'iatro t't


    laty koq

    are .oW" tuavf rnor: t)avimzrs f" pvu&1d OU Y

    ,q-YYo
    in q^,Sdt*Y1", vl:Ya$u"l
    Y.': *intt porn,f ,::*no- 'k
    = ,',f',,rr,f'
    ,,,,
    I* '#!z .;ra&,rr'q
    i'
    t*"o 4"1
    o*lq
    .

    (_.,.

    incres:o: b%*'d q *nl*n f'f.,n ''4"'l 'u9*'


    ,rn, *{'y;"^i, -ttttot pt'rutnwvnn is @y ot^al+uY-

    . (*rx r,1.sgtr5 is br,fr fdn*A ,i, ?*P*fo',- <d'tcfipa "f


    \u
    *l"ry? IUd^, tiwyyur elYaa dh d? Pu*mLr,x
    A lra , cbpth dk d-c'
    , f""d
    1*d ,7
    \dJ

    3ft : lf i-e q p*/"ntl^onl- r, rfo* Y?a

    f<t++o:r,
    orod,nczal
    I
    ,ff ,f""4 ruatks
    E\':

    Senhl3
    H
    r--l
    U --+ Parallel ry {\l/\ -t .-- j

    ==-u "/
    ts

    Y.

    6ru'li4

    o @ - M..l*r direcha' (ul


    /\
    T

    l:

    @ (o"t-i o-t ('

    f'

    tL

    t
    :-
    \
    rp
    I

    ']9
    i

    {
    ))z)

    fvlun syrt'u.
    ffne -a J!:trt*)

    ,lw" n rnoa"d
    alag/\!- 'f/-w hnt-'n z d 4\e-q bilauo
    - lhaa....{tn*a

    i
    G) r:ylr;sd't'!- (E'?y:)
    :.t'
    . -

    S:a

    ;-

    tl:i

    !u:
    A"{ri pto-t'liy sulrfuc-t- efu -o',*,?.'t?,?
    -
    -, ,:,.: .
    ii,
    is lbd a'^4 /fu
    t\iL,z{
    I //t nn dian.du' ro
    "0..
    /K -q "'.1
    . :enlre . b.'"g
    , /: / -.. J^ rtlt"d
    r^/h-d e'"0'ln7
    at {ha<
    &,
    w b *a r2e/
    ^an/
    /^z
    €
    *-+

    Fs
    J*,ef. ;' [o'o*'fr =u'! ^V,
    7n o "
    rhz+
    b'-b* -th/'
    qy,Le abst*- fu*' a)'ilo?'z ^t a/'v-a
    e.v

    -E
    .-F-
    w AlYL ea-r*l-
    -6
    v
    '/q
    -P

    "B

    -)
    rT3tr;f :,rsi_4:i.l:*;.:,,::.;i::j1!.13.11]=\ji? '*rai:;F:t:;a::?:iraai-.,2a:3':aa:{t,irFifi:;i-{,i.;FF,?{jl?i,$#_r_::er:s...i-ln};=i1}4i3j=r1z:.?a1f,iE-r-<+ri.i:-
    \':

    LE

    t ( H)
    F,':

    ft ak tb Vna lley Huqt, qq){


    R*r' R, ) r

    -f:.

    Rr .<

    'Yr'

    @ C entya- {i,} e fi t exaq4 tk tu (c tn, Ro)


    v

    Rc. =
    + Yr* - l'Yn
    h li

    &4+?- 2a-+ Zb
    clrft
    t$ ftvqth ) R.6,,= .L
    {
    -€
    L
    €

    lrra z ros< roA',p, e

    fJ rxol- =
    -r
    8P
    (

    t
    -1

    Te,o 1 e'ffi,rc , t t
    vl ntav-
    tI

    -!"{+rl-\ €wQ tuthutr


    (

    t i d-L *++rrl '/1


    (

    ,nt, o'iL eS- a7rc-


    I
    l)2L

    BRA - sqA e"A - s (E - e L€4- sc64-


    --'==>
    R-

    -==>--

    o Htu't
    f\q ^\''
    -r, -

    NIoa.n
    ( sa)
    (co [-

    ?a= Y'+ Yr-+-- * YoZ

    J0 Poi"f ,ltuL te.) :

    .:(-
    D

    ,)t.rila-,tl- 'dry;r:^
    iro,L*th on WAq4
    x -,

    :..:. .:' '. ' ..

    ['tacl.irti
    7 rrzrrrz rr/// /
    4 {{caranQ

    Q
    eL4
    V 8- zs
    w
    qi's
    l-6 - g )J's
    \TZV o. ozs * t' 6 h's
    w .:

    : TA LYSU<tr PRtNCIPLF

    Qe .o td.ur

    f,
    iy.
    f

    luw arr4 ruttich tuLsuoJ ow)t lt.e tdll ds'r.n, +t^{ ,*' 6

    fr r pro vi Aiv,t ;r.o.|e-n$to",


    +" ,tr'qn,ror^d f*^ts , q {,

    ,v"irf rl . i-s wd ,S-{" t, +I^a ruawuat- -:

    {&"iatt Kid
    ,N,'iHou +ut jn&rcF;e^l (

    1 6liai,,sr.td Pr'li ,, It
    '(. ^*. ; tJ
    oirr"f ,i^effn'* w e

    c*\" t ,,ri 1l .l^^,,x,"


    1+q<- ai (

    .rcs-rstqu-Lr- o tt lcJa cg-tr b <- wpaxu.*nl 4 4 lx'latalstort< (

    b^.i Af- <^-("tL ivrz6ulamho cav\ be- Ptail-€a) ' t


    "^d I
    )lz+

    "ir*nor-]fEr(D uo(Y
    AcReD

    '& E'

    "@
    e
    #--i

    @
    rp
    @

    @
    -@

    B
    €
    D
    -,:.€

    Yusuro rwnl or Pit.h Crncle Ero*Cn" us?


    r:if

    2 t0 iv,a- q,"d 3 - L&i "e {^!H)ae FJ

    t:l

    'r:,;

    \z

    ,:

    t.

    d!

    ,.n

    t;:
    (

    t
    (

    I
    )t?-\
    - €e:
    !sa'

    a,p' st'l-
    ci,.':',
    \ii)'

    - &,
    * ts-
    E'?

    - {h,
    - t:'

    -$
    *
    lj\
    .. t.r'

    ' €.,"

    Ei.,
    tin'

    /t).
    F:ij --

    -_ 6;

    L;r Pcn
    At
    :6.7 ,B c AA 4R
    €}:
    =
    e.r-i

    llU rt- ls 6
    P2" Wt hz(
    n,r3'l.-
    €it

    ff:, A-$ iK
    ,A 40-e
    6i fla =,40-BD
    0a
    6 l hoil / .4ro xqo rls &
    @
    -@
    Ao-'
    =

    v,
    .€ i
    'e
    ..,..,
    .= ,cq o
    ,,,at ;l E8)
    e
    -c .ry
    sD
    - fi,s
    6
    O ir,
    j rof &
    E ' .1,"'
    q
    E rf:

    @
    E
    s
    e
    f
    ,-:=.

    f f- d6 | * c-osec B) t L^"+g
    Pco = 2 v"..

    v7

    (-

    u<r.-ll{L ,W*.h
    tl
    6 r
    -.d , t^uff
    .UAdY)r-l
    vcahuq u
    I nrru 0 Tu

    bn\{'
    )-.
    20= 6o'
    Znn

    41
    -€i:.i )\z{
    6,' 3! M = t)' zt2-K Mnl
    - f,:i
    LYji r

    ''-{.',

    L
    i:l
    til:
    t.

    ,*l
    .\"i

    .j

    €a:

    tl

    .j1
    B
    s
    v
    .G
    c':*

    ACCEPTANCE TESI_ 6..=:

    Tbcsara >:""?o**rd a, -fkt n p ugclnn!)


    e l.tl l:::i

    b"p"<- ?vd odr? +t/rr.o +o n&tes PYB du-clr erD t-


    r,
    '
    6r
    L,rr

    .\) U i.

    ' ldork Pieca-s o)


    : i.:,-

    bdu* nnqct,i nr.A ai- a Pq"fi ulav .?d {*A *,4 *.:v

    {+, otr cu}t- cr;ytbiuafiw q"d qccuia


    U .E
    a"a
    -t
    'f) f 7ff*.ln tl
    ,f cowyowt'tl- bdvy cil-Aru)^"d , E? i {- i.. *rtlrrt {
    oJ*pf*uu fi^,.i+s, *r.ul* is \wilLUA d
    Mn),l podrurlw i

    . ii'

    ${a*i c

    )':YY
    @ /--_\_/-_ J:'.-fu- bY"
    TEST.J : fsBaA

    --
    {"t- S"ffuD"-+
    bub b,t{. Ts' ur-i*E i r,t
    fb b-e-

    $ rrsr - 2 : DnhL+t,,tv Spi,tdh A*-,; pavaltel 'fD b'A ?


    (

    ,/s

    WL
    )t4_

    A uandrul is f;if"J itt *ra. s piudh, p!"tr


    Aid ftr, tcudtu &* 4 f+s srda aud
    + ft^{-
    tt^a bqse- + 1{^r di*l Src "r"<sf- &u.ev *fu cartto6
    8.a wuov\tnq rU, aw\ctqz fi^"ht <Tiuitt' , if ftzre
    # Ts
    :k r. nb
    o
    9; -ik!-
    ra-iafiena 'iut
    no va-iafieq d;ol tr'tr' , i{-
    *+^!- d)a9\ M!,.'=
    rr tnlu-t<tt-
    sp? qNTs Ts Plcrtulln) fo bn;' ll ls nol poss) b{
    I ^djt- o'
    .'/o lzuo rrr *t tt :YYD{ <e-YD Aud q.."|rl [s
    W
    prur'r l.,,1r*-rdttr i^ .tt^a gwatd ,fufc-c{ie{4 o^A "{utoar&

    lALu;tl^LY
    -e
    1+,v- 4)ut s ,{, , lOork f' ?ara|.(. eli ta '.
    1
    € 7iv,$lz qxls a
    I

    :..-:'-....'.',. ,'.
    ':l'., . ,.\ -/r;*st'z
    +*.t'..','.t :',.'...',,'.. tk!9
    e z
    €
    @

    fu h'lA b'i'nan
    b<- "hdA
    b< b<fyan fl fiuh*tt'
    @

    E /\arr1r
    -arr6r uro'k
    uronk -Yt!{et
    -P,oreL l^0,
    l^@ f]l/"|lrollarur
    q"J' h0 to L-J' '
    auJ.s
    € twzul 'ztv!,|,- & {a'l s{o "L ' "' y
    urJ'l'+) *?'y *
    @ oL.pjt#io't Mail\tu1rual.L
    ; *fn:d_,r( colunna,tz,. is ,::*- f Mu4^
    ;Jr'""; J
    ?
    €
    ** b$wlt--tpq- ^d c'rrf1, l8D' P@" drfl"'A^^u , nuhouilin"
    teadl-u;t 4re' '\PkA ofu!/^sn
    &

    ,/;
    ci-_:

    K"ft"*rr js ju- (n*A y'^ *p^AiL a^^ W


    (:.a

    &fu{ Wryn{ ls *f-+.4 , I f b"+t\ qrcis arv( F:..1

    Pa"dfu] , &[.lu colli n,.a.t-ar *ff tl-tr lt rvt-a+"h ' {.:. I

    er

    6
    a e sT 4 : h) lu-*htr (ro sS- sli dt ru.bvcntw/L+E qYQ- yr f*dio.,l qr
    -ID ,o ork- yit-U ? -:

    ,..Y

    !Y

    l=

    s pr^dlt ur'th P!*ff-


    dl"l trW
    carfiftz' I

    &d SqrZ"

    lJhe n tai; s'*o ck qtn ll


    (
    Tesry 5; .7 (

    {
    -lailsbck
    ti

    '15
    )try*

    opara{ro^'r 0$0.ry- d !-a*N '


    ri hi le pufrr*?y q. drittiS
    s b8- p cr4turrrr)*
    +hL pasvo$rr^t ,; -{-qrl <tock shaw[d ^"a)-Lil'
    l,wl. t1\tl ba- i^a;^rd A {yt a^d"r) is fiff"A 'fu
    laitefbrt- uatt, Ptutr* hrrbrf xt/a q dd-a *)
    +?r" base /s fi*d 0t<{ carri76,., Ulr"n #@
    ruaviwT
    (u' lhL ca*i'^-ea' {o ar.fs yfu" -tdl .fbrZ il-
    ,,,s

    /h.u"r- r)s q*aq', i n' rhl d t"l


    ao v qvi
    0*€" t/--
    n u-it t,t c/ Dl I ru-ow1ryoafu: Ay( paraltJ. \,
    (.

    .t \

    fY[arhf ut
    Kqdrol

    fu hzlbev ayrr) and sad.clk


    rxovarazn( 4/P paralta,l
    4D base p/n/" /
    sildta
    6tA

    Eera 4 -tt^{_ &"a ?a;rnt


    t is tuwwhol gPunrr' +1^a-

    syir..-!* udtb ,l"42rrr tn rrl^i"t, 4I^o-' bax- V'b+e


    I n\++dib
    sq4ril, Ts t :rA'"0 o^A. o, -o is Alw]\ "-piqfiera '+
    )n d)^L ',1 Watns qrryt
    tf

    fl"rr* is vro uq,vio\fio\


    ,. i
    A^rr€* ,
    tvro*e r,^1,^+s qyc- W\d\il.. -1 1 W
    -""oox'l *+lty arrul
    .i* t ls -^' wt) fu u'sq)'-A' Orrtn
    $;r..ed
    *C l]^a- -s c"AA.lL
    J
    f +[ure is oo rqyia+isr^ ir,a. &'G-l it- n .-Bzn s
    '
    S-ridA)a- n'a-orr,rrvo.r,t ts W
    Par"allC
    a-::-:

    T="1 !: ldhetlas, =pi,\db- qxis i-s paraltd ',b fuse ?9^V?


    Yj
    s€,AAlL. L:i

    :
    itAlL

    , plury 4"dry:
    uttth

    x*r bade 'f'9tk t- : :

    ',?
    I
    tuu^< )s v\-o :
    aN)s i'Vrdtu) a
    ti

    Ypa^ilLdaff t:
    :t:
    fi

    /
    I

    F
    :
    ,-
    €

    { '0 f .u (
    rf (

    i
    .tg
    ))24
    Mf lliue fvfaclu,'a-

    TEST I ; Nhdbev thl /abte rwuarttttlt aru Pnralb/ ?b


    e-5-+-#

    Arbov
    I
    exTs. ?

    aab(L

    - gar.l6fiovr \un -Liol trtr,


    f\,o )l tuuevajtbt( rxfl,qruanl.

    4n- >^trati-l.) fu arrbatv oNJ s


    I

    e T'- llot /.9 sfu4rc,


    TEST 2: Ntulber tbe 2 c2-n{ral
    ce-r)tYo-t

    -e
    €
    @
    A.
    €rj

    &
    € t _-..

    @
    n

    llcrruacu dl uufuql T- <lo'f- 'rs i wVor furt- b'-z'au<'


    @
    ul-on( -pt"*! :*4 e-frh' '1i'./
    {trcrfurza ,7
    n nru
    ^athiilV
    P
    e4,L -tA-c ru4w T- 8'b/" 7D ck/d<- +v- p<v/euo0*r?
    e
    t
    ;.-+::11ii:
    iEi:.

    T- is )n e.--{"Q in fh-a sbf rui,tfi lhy* L):li

    ,fu,r-r-/rvr,.6 OILL
    * ;k hma-. 8t f, r,T lqbb, ,r7*ond
    rvnvenant- i{ ffnM_ }s nb yanicl*i eg
    )e
    it
    Fl.i

    ry!-qns 7: s{0* )s pe,rpzu_d-t'ctJao,


    ' 4 -: kL'\ '*oY,
    W vtn-r
    v\'/
    f --f
    l):
    - lqOA f Ve

    y tu"./ *-T tn!- .r.fru


    0-y $, slet,if
    is
    :* t/ariqfrq, i; *tu abd,! S"Vr, it

    I
    ,+

    f1,6q4r4 L-, eE -=
    -,$61 f/tt
    y'r-

    F 4a ^o
    r.

    -a

    ri

    Ig

    You might also like