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Interpreting Linear Functions
Interpreting Linear Functions
1.
The expression 1.08s+1.02b predict the end of year value of a financial portfolio where s is the
value of stocks and b is the value of bonds in the portfolio at the beginning of the year.
What is the predicted end-of-year value of a portfolio that begins the year with $200 in the stocks
and $100 in bonds?
Correct answer: 318 Difficulty level: 1 Tag: Data collection and conclusions
2.
The graph above shows the results of a controlled experiment designed by a scientist to determine
the effect of magnetic field strength on the growth of sunflower plants. 500 young sunflower
plants were randomly assigned to the control or experimental group. In the control group, the
scientist grew 250 sunflower plants under normal local geo-magnetic field conditions (30
microteslas). In the experimental group, the scientist grew 250 sunflower plants identically except
under a lower geomagnetic field (20 microteslas). Based on the results of this experiment, which
conclusion is NOT valid?
A. Sunflower plants grown under lower magnetic field conditions were more likely to weigh
more than sunflower plants grown under normal magnetic field conditions.
B. There is evidence of an association between the strength of magnetic field and height in
sunflower plants.
C. Sunflower plants grown under lower magnetic field conditions were more likely to be taller
than sunflower plants grown under normal magnetic field conditions.
D. Members of the control group were more likely to grow to less than100 inches than members
of the experimental group.
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Data collection and conclusions
3.
A researcher wants to conduct a survey to gauge United States (U.S.) voters’ opinions about the
U.S. Congress. Which of the following should NOT be a component of this survey?
4.
A scientist wants to collect data about the effects of gravity on the growth of soybean plants. To
test her hypothesis that soybeans grow better in a zero-gravity setting, she randomly assigns the
plants into one of two groups. The first group is grown in typical soybean growing conditions in a
greenhouse on earth, and the second group is grown in a zero-gravity, yet otherwise identical
greenhouse in a space station. Which of the following is the best description of the research design
for this study?
A. Controlled experiment
B. Observational study
C. Sample survey
D. None of the above
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Data collection and conclusions
5.
A researcher representing a city government wants to measure public opinion about recycling by
asking 1,000 randomly selected residents a series of questions on the subject. Which of the
following is the best description of the research design for this study?
A. Observational study
B. Sample survey
C. Controlled experiment
D. None of the above
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Data collection and conclusions
6.
In order to determine whether children who have just watched cartoons will perform better on
cognitive tasks than children who have not just watched cartoons, researchers randomly divided
60 preschoolers into three groups. For nine minutes, one group watched a rapid-paced cartoon,
one group watched a slower-paced educational program, and one group colored. They then
administered standardized tests to determine the immediate impact of the children’s previous nine
minutes of activity. Which of the following is the best description of this type of research design?
A. An observational study, a study in which investigators observe subjects and measure variables
of interest without assigning treatments to the subjects.
B. A controlled experiment, a study in which an investigator separates subjects into a control
group that does not receive a treatment and an experimental group that receives a treatment,
and then observes the effect of the treatment on the experimental group.
C. A sample survey, a study that obtains data from a subset of a population, usually through a
questionnaire or interview, in order to estimate population attributes.
D. None of the above
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Data collection and conclusions
7.
A player at point A passes a ball to a player at point B. What is the distance, in yards, between
point A and point B? ( Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a yard.)
Correct answer: 45.5 Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Right triangle word problems
8.
𝟏
Wanahton’s rectangular baking sheet is 9 inches (in) by 13 in. To the nearest inch, what is the
𝟐
A. 13 in
B. 16 in
C. 124 in
D. 259 in
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Right triangle word problems
9.
Due to weather, a barge captain decides to reach her destination in two legs: one due north and one
due west. On a direct route, her destination is about 1,830 miles (mi) away; see the figure above. If
after traveling 605 mi due north the captain determines it is time to head due west, how many
more miles are left in the trip? (Round your answer to the nearest mile.)
Correct answer: 1727 Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Right triangle word problems
10.
Abby is buying a widescreen TV that she will hang on the wall between two windows. The
windows are 36 inches apart, and wide screen TVs are approximately twice as wide as they are tall.
Of the following, which is the longest that the diagonal of a widescreen TV can measure and still
fit between the windows?
A. 32 inches
B. 42 inches
C. 55 inches
D. 60 inches
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Right triangle word problems
18
11.
Bilal was assembling a set of bunkbeds and wanted to make sure the support posts were
perpendicular to the floor. He measured that the posts were 165 centimeters (cm) tall and 220 cm
apart. How long should the diagonal measurement be if the support posts are perpendicular to the
floor?
A. 75cm
B. 130cm
C. 275cm
D. 385cm
Correct answer: C Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs
A. {-9, -6, 2, 3}
B. {-9, 0, 2}
C. {-3.3}
D. {-3,0,3}
Correct answer: D Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs
13.
Which of the following gunctions could represent the graph at left in the 𝑥𝑦-plane, where 𝑦 =
𝑃(𝑥)?
A. 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 6𝑥 + 8
B. 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥3 + 6𝑥2 + 8𝑥
C. 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 6𝑥 + 8
D. 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥3 − 6𝑥2 + 8𝑥
Correct answer: D Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs
14. A polynomial has zeros at -9, 2, and 0. Which of the following could be the polynomial?
A. 𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 18
B. 𝑥3 + 7𝑥2 − 18𝑥
C. 𝑥3 + 8𝑥2 − 11𝑥 − 18
D. 𝑥3 + 6𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 18
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs
A. {-7,5, -3}
B. {7, -5, 3}
3
C. {-7, 5, - 2}
3
D. {7, -5, 2}
A. 𝑥 = −55 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 17
B. 𝑥 = −55, 𝑥 = −2, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 17
C. 𝑥 = −17 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 55
D. 𝑥 = −17, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 55
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 2 Tag: Polynomial factors and graphs
18. V=2.5(6.4−t)
Salma is filling her water jugs with spring water at the supermarket. The above equation gives the
empty space in her jugs, V, in US gallons, after t minutes at a constant fill rate. How many
minutes will it take to fill the jugs?
19. T=0.25q+87
Manon's statistics professor puts a bonus question on every test, which adds 0.25 points to a
student's overall grade at the end of the term. The above equation gives Manon's current overall
grade, T, after taking into account q extra credit questions answered correctly. What does the 87
mean in this equation?
20. T=10m+40
Tim decides to cook a steak. The interior temperature, T, of the steak, in degrees Fahrenheit(℉),
after cooking for m minutes is given in the equation above. What does the 10 mean in the
equation?
21. 5.5B+4R=28
The above equation models the cost if Amit picks B pounds of blueberries and R pounds of
raspberries at a farm where blueberries cost $ 5.50 per pound and raspberries cost $ 4.00 per
pound. According to the equation, how much does Amit spend in total on both types of berries?
A. $9.50
B. $22.00
C. $28.00
D. $56.00
Correct answer: C Difficulty level: 2
𝑚
22. 𝑔 = 15 −
32
If Vera starts with a full tank of gas, the number of gallons of gas, 𝑔, left in the tank after driving
𝑚 mile is given by the equation above. When full, how many gallons of gas does Vera’s tank
hold?
A. 15 gallons
B. 17 gallons
C. 30 gallons
D. 32 gallons
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 3
23.
Officials project that between 2010 and 2050, the Sub-Saharan African population will drastically
change. The model below gives the projection of the population, P, in thousands, with respect to
time, t ( provided that 2010 is when t = 0).
11
𝑃 = 175 + 2
𝑡
1
25. 𝑊 = − 𝑚 + 16
2
Henry’s water bottle is leaking at a constant rate. The amount of water, 𝑾, in ounces, that is left
1
in the water bottle after leaking for 𝑚 minutes is given by the equation above. What does the − 2
1
C. The water bottle has an ounces of water in it at the start.
2
1
D. 2
of the water has leaked from the water bottle in one minte.
26. 𝑃 = 23 + 10(ℎ − 1)
People start waiting in the line for the release of the newest cell phone at 5 a.m. The equation
below gives the number of people, P, in line between the hours, h, of 6 a.m. and 11 a.m., when
the doors open. Assume that 6 a.m. is when time ℎ = 1. What does the 23 mean in the equation
above?
A. $39,500
B. $40,000
C. $40,500
D. $50,000
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 2
28.
Anthropologists have noticed that they can predict the height of a human being based on the
length of their femur. The relationship between the person’s height, H, in centimeters, and length
of the femur, f, in centimeters, can be modeled by the equation below.
𝐻 = 2.72𝑓 + 42.12
One anthropologist found the femurs of two different people. One femur measured 22 centimeters
and the other femur measured 23 centimeters. What is the difference in their heights?
A. 1 centimeter
B. 2.72 centimeters
C. 27.2 centimeters
D. 42.12 centimeters
Correct answer: B Difficulty level: 3
29. 𝑑 = 1.06(212 − 𝑡)
A spacecraft heading for Pluto will take pictures of several other planets on its way. The above
equation gives the distance, d, in millions of kilometers, of the craft from its first photo
opportunity with Mars in terms of the time, t, in days. What is the meaning of the 212 in this
equation?
A. 20 hours
B. 80hoursO
C. 100hours
D. 200hours
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 3
33. 𝐵 = 0.55𝐴
Jing is making homemade peanut butter. The equation above shows the amount of peanut butter
yielded, B, in cups, for A cups of peanuts. What percentage of the volume of peanuts is lost when
processing them into peanut butter?
A. 0.55%
B. 0.45%
C. 55%
D. 45%
Correct answer: D Difficulty level: 4
34. 𝑃 = 0.7𝑐
A store is having a sale on every item purchased. Irina decides to take advantage of the sale and
purchases a sweater. The equation that gives the after-sale price, P, of Irina’s sweater with an
original cost, c, is shown above. What percent off the original cost did Original cost did Irina
save?
A. 3%
B. 7%
C. 30%
D. 70%
Correct answer: C Difficulty level: 4
grams
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠
ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟
38. 𝐶 = 40(5 − 𝑠)
After Hiro's family photo shoot the photographer sells the printed photos by the sheet. Hiro has a
$200 credit from a prior session, and the above equation gives the total credit left, C, in dollars, if
he buys 𝒔 sheets. How many sheets can Hiro purchase with his credit?
A. 5sheets
B. 8sheets
C. 35sheets
D. 200sheets
Correct answer: A Difficulty level: 4
39. 𝐶 = 1.5𝑏 + 67.5
The total cost, C, in dollars, to produce b books is given by the equation below. What is the
meaning of 1.5 in the equation?