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PART 2: Unpacking the Self Just as a candle cannot burn without fire, men cannot live without a spiritual life. - Buddha S pirituality influences the individual through acts of faith, hope, and love. This chapter provides an overview of spirituality and religion. It also includes topics on the practice of animism, The Spiritual Self The spiritual aspect of the selfis the inner essence, the part of the self that connects the person to the sacred, the supernatural, and the universe. The Spiritual self enables the person to experience feeling fof oneness with a higher being and the universe and gives a deeper (purpose or meaning of one's life//Understanding and nurturing the spiritual self is as important as with the other aspects of the'self. The Gpiritual self develops through interaction, observation, and imitation, The family, sehool, and @hurch play a very important role in a child's spiritual development. Spititulity begins at an early age but develops throughout life as people continuously interact in the environment. Spirituality The root meaning of spirituality is taken from the Latin word Spiritus; meaning bréathorlifeforée! Spirituality can be understood as the search for the Sacred, aiprocessithiough which people seeketo discover, hold on to, and, when necessary, transform whatever théy Hold sacred/initheir lives (Hill & Pargament, 2003). Spirituality generally refers to meaning and purpose in one’s life, a search for wholeness, and a relationship with a transcendent being (Hage; Hopson, Siegel, Payton, & DeFanti, 2006). The sacred transcendence could refer to a higher being, The term “spirituality” originally developed in early Christianity: Christians use the term “Spirit” to describe the Holy Spirit. CHAPTER 9: Spiritual Self In Christian Ethics, PRSEHK@(1994) describes that the experience of the sacred is characterized by reverence, faith, (ear) trust, love; and admiration which are iiititnately connectéd to God. Worship is regarded as an essential act to realize the ultimate meaning of transcendence and human life. Acts of worship may include prayer, reading the Bible, attending sacraments, and doing sacrifices. In addition, through a€ of faith, Hépe, and love; man is able to encounter God and understand God's words of salvation. Spirituality is connected with religion Religion is an organized system of ideas about the spiritual sphere or the supernatural along with associated ceremonial practices by which people try to interpret and/or influence aspects of the universe otherwise beyond their control. All religions recognize the importance of spirituality in one’ life. One's spirituality may be expressed through religion and Participation in religious rituals and ceremonies (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, & McBride, 2013). Spirituality and religion fulfill numerous social and psychological needs, such as the need to explain human sufferings and death. Through the practice of religious activities such as prayers, people may find comfort, security, and stability in Limes of sufferings, loss, insecurities, and uncertainties. Spiritiiality and'veligion may be a source of love, hope, and affection (Brown & Parrish, 2011). Search for the Meaning of Life In his book Man'sSearch for Meaning, Viktor Frankl begins by sharing his personal experiences in the Nazi concentration camp. He explains how a prisoner passes through €hF&® Major phases inthe Concentration camp, and how each phase transformed the prisoners thei ' Previous lives toa new one and how they developed various’ The prisoner was first in a state of shock, which was followed by the phase of developing apathy, and lastly, the psychology ofthe prisoner after liberation. paths the blunting of the emotions and the feeling that one could not care anymore. It is a protective shell from the brutalities in the camp. During the last phase, the prisoners PART 2: Unpacking the Self experienced depersonalization or a state in which everything seemed unreal, unlikely, as in a dream. Frankl’ personal experiences in the Nazi concentration camps during World War II led him to develop the basic tenets of logotherapy, which were tested and found valid even amid all the dark forces in human existence. Frankl embraced both the bright and dark sides of human existence and believed that inevitable human, suffering could

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