Fifth Normal form

Fifth Normal Form

• Consider the relation R={A, B, C }
if AB->C
BC->A
CA->B

Buyer Vendor Item

Sally Lee cooper T-Shirt

Mary Lee cooper T-Shirt

Sally Black berry Jeans

Mary Black berry Jeans

Sally Black berry Formal Shirts

 Normalization - Problems
FISRT NORMAL FORM:
• The table cells must be of single value.
• Eliminate repeating groups in individual tables.
• Create a separate table for each set of related data.
• Identify each set of related data with a primary key.

F.NO Name Subjects

101 SAM DBMS
101 SAM CO
101 SAM CN
102 RITESH JAVA
102 RITESH CD
102 RITESH TOC
 Normalization - Problems
FISRT NORMAL FORM:
Remove the duplicates value by identifying the primary key.

F.No (PK) Name F.No(F.K) Subjects

101 Sam 101 DBMS
102 Ritesh 101 CO
101 CN
102 JAVA
102 CD
102 TOC
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:
Ex. Consider the Relation R(A B C D E F G H I J) with following F.D.
AB-> C , A->DE, B-> F, F->GH, D->IJ
Normalize up to 2 N F.
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:
Ex. Consider the Relation R(A B C D E F G H I J) with following F.D.
AB-> C , A->DE, B-> F, F->GH, D->IJ
Normalize up to 2 N F.
Solution:
 First find out the key for the relation R.
AB+ =ABCDEFGHIJ
So AB is the key.

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [ A->DE and B->F]

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
A+={ADE}
B+={BFGH}
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEFGHIJ}
A+={ADE}
B+={BFGH}

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. =>ADEIJ
2) Second Table with closure of B+ attributes. => BFGH
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attrbutes and with key attributes.
=> ABC
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 Consider the relation for published books

R( A B C D E F)
Book(book_title, Author_name, Book_type, List_price, Author_affiliation, Publishers)
FDs :
book_title->Publisher, Book_type
book_type->List_price
Autho_rname->Author_affiliation
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 Consider the relation for published books

R( A B C D E F)
Book(book_title, Author_name, Book_type, List_price, Author_affiliation, Publishers)
FDs :
book_title->Publisher, Book_type
book_type->List_price
Autho_rname->Author_affiliation

Solution:Solution:
 First find out the key for the relation R.
AB+ =ABCDEF
So AB is the key.

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [ A->FC and B->E]
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEF}
A+={AFCD}
B+={BE}

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. =>AFCD
2) Second Table with closure of B+ attributes. => BE
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attrbutes and with key attributes. =>
AB
4) Complement(A+ and B+)=Null , Then in third table firm form with key
elements.
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 Consider a relation R=ABCDE and primary key is AC and additional FD are.

B->E, C->D, A->B
Normalize up to 2NF
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 Consider a relation R=ABCDE and primary key is AC and additional FD are.

B->E, C->D, A->B
Normalize up to 2NF

Solution:

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [ C->D,A->B]

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDE}
A+={ABE}
C+={CD}
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. =>ABE
2) Second Table with closure of C+ attributes. => CD
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attributes and with key attributes.
=> AC
4) Complement(A+ and B+)=Null , Then in third table firm form with key
elements.
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:
Consider the Relation R={ABCDEFGHIJ} and FD are
AB->C, BD->EF, AD->GH, A->I, H->J find the key and normalize up to 2NF.
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:
Consider the Relation R={ABCDEFGHIJ} and FD are
AB->C, BD->EF, AD->GH, A->I, H->J find the key and normalize up to 2NF.

Solution:
 First find out the key for the relation R.
AB+=ABCI
BD+=BDEF
AD+=ADGHIJI
No key is formed , then go for the combination of attributes.
Key= ABD

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D: AB->C, BD->EF, AD->GH]
 Normalization - Problems
SECOND NORMAL FORM:
A+=AI
R1= ABCI R11=AI

B+=B R12=ABC

B+=B
R2=BDEF ------------ No Splitting R2=BDEF
D+=D

A+=AI R31=AI
R3 = ADGHIJ
D+= D R32=ADGHJ

R4=ABD
Final Tables are: AI, ABC, BDEF, ADGHJ, ABD
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:
 Consider the relation
R( A B C D E F G H I J) and FD ares
AB->C, A->DE, B->F, F->GH, D->IJ
Normalize Up to 3NF

Solution: First find out the key for the relation R.

AB+={ABCDEFGHIJ}

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [A->DE, B->F]

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. R1=A+ =>ADEIJ
2) Second Table with closure of B+ attributes.R2=B+ => BFGH
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attributes and with key attributes. R3=>
ABC
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

R( A B C D E F G H I J) and FD are s
AB->C, A->DE, B->F, F->GH, D->IJ
After 2nd Normalization the tables are: R1=ADEIJ, R2==> BFGH, R3=> ABC
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

R( A B C D E F G H I J) and FD are s
AB->C, A->DE, B->F, F->GH, D->IJ
After 2nd Normalization the tables are: R1=ADEIJ, R2==> BFGH, R3=> ABC

 Next Step is to find out the transitive dependency if any…….

Yes there is Transitive dependency in the F. D[ F->GH, D->IJ]

 Next Step is to find out the tables which have the transitive dependency if any…….
Yes there is Transitive dependency in the table

R11=D+=DIJ
R1=AEDIJ
R2= R1-R11 + with Key attributes of R11 =ADE
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Next Step is to find out the tables which have the transitive dependency if any…….
Yes there is Transitive dependency in the table……

R21=F+=FGH
R2=BFGH
R22= R21-R22 + with Key attributes of R22 =BF

R3 = R-(R1 and R2) + with Key attributes =ABC

Total no of tables after 3NF are: R1=DIJ, R2=ADE, R3=FGH, R4=BF, R5=ABC
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Consider the relation for published books

R( A B C D E F)
Book(book_title, Author_name, Book_type, List_price, Author_affiliation, Publishers)
FDs :
book_title->Publisher, Book_type
book_type->List_price
Autho_rname->Author_affiliation Normalize up to third NF

Solution:
 First find out the key for the relation R.
AB+ =ABCDEF
So AB is the key.

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [ A->FC and B->E]
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEF}
A+={AFCD}
B+={BE}

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. =>AFCD
2) Second Table with closure of B+ attributes. => BE
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attrbutes and with key attributes. =>
AB
4) (R- A+ and B+)=Null , Then in third table firm form with key elements.
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 If there is T.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
T.D for the relation. [C->D]
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 If there is T.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
T.D for the relation. [C->D]

 Transitive Dependency occur in table R1=ACDF

R={ABCDEF}

R11=ACF
R1=ACDF
R12=CD

R2=BE [No Change]

R3=AB [No Change]

Total no of table after third normal form is: R11=ACF , R12=CD, R2=BE , R3=AB
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Consider a relation R=ABCDE and primary key is AC and additional FD are.

B->E, C->D, A->B
Normalize up to 3NF

Solution:

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D [ C->D,A->B]

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDE}
A+={ABE}
C+={CD}
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Then the original table is break up in to three table

1) First Table with closure of A+ attributes. R1 =>ABE
2) Second Table with closure of C+ attributesR2. => CD
3) Third table with complement of A+ and B+ attributes and with key attributes. R3=>
AC
4) (R- A+ and B+)=Null , Then in third table firm form with key elements.

 Next Step is to find out the transitive dependency if any…….

Yes there is Transitive dependency in the F. D [ B->E]
BE is present in table R1={ABE}
B+=BE
R1={ABE}
AB
The Tables are: R1=CD, R2=AC, R3=BE, R4=AB
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Consider a relation R=ABCDEFGHIJ FD are.

AB->C, BD->EF, AD->GH, A->I, H->J
Normalize up to 3NF

Solution:
 First find out the key for the relation R.
ABD+ =ABCDEFGHIJ
So ABD is the key.

 Next Step is to find out the partial dependency if any…….

Yes there is partial dependency in the F. D {AB->C, BD->EF, AD->GH, A->I]
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 If there is P.D then find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the
P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEFGHIJ }

R1=AB+->ABC,
R2= BD+=BDEF,
R3= AD+=ADGHJ,
R4=A+=AI
R5=ABD

 Next Step is to find out the transitive dependency if any…….

Yes there is Transitive dependency in the F. D [ H->J]
HJ is present in table R3={ADGHJ}
 Normalization - Problems
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Next Step is to find out the transitive dependency if any…….

Yes there is Transitive dependency in the F. D [ H->J]
HJ is present in table R3={ADGHJ}

H+=R31=HJ
R3={ADGHJ}
R32=ADHG

Then the Final Tables are =AI, ABC,BDEF,HJ,ADHG,ABD

 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Consider the table: Normalizes up to 3NF

A(staffno) B(branchno) C(Branchadd D(name) E(position) F(hours/week

r) )

S1 B2 Nehru Aashish Assistant 16

nagar sahu
S1 B4 Bharti Aashish Assistant 9
nagar sahu
S2 B2 Nehru Amit Assistant 14
Nagar Mourya
S2 B4 Bharti Amit Assistant 12
nagar Mourya
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:
Solution:
First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
AB->F
A->DE
B->C
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:
Solution:
First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
AB->F
A->DE
B->C

Then now find out the key for the relation;

AB+=ABF
=ABFDE
=ABFDEC
So key is AB

Now check if there is any Partial dependency

There is P.D in the following FD
A->DE
B->C
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEF}
R1= A+=ADE
R2=B+=BC
R3=ABF

 There is no T.D in the above FD so it is satisfied the third Normal form

Staffn B(branch hoursperweek Staffn branchno Positi B(branchno Branchaddr

o no) o on
B2 Nehru na
S1 B2 16 S1 Aashish Asst
B4 Bharti Nagar

S1 B4 9 S2 Amit Asst

S2 B2 14
S2 B4 12
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 Consider the table: Normalizes up to 3NF

St_id(A) S_name(B) Subject(C) Grade(D)

1001 Harshit Phy A

1001 Harshit Che C
1001 Harshit Math C
1002 Shailesh Phy A
1002 Shailesh Che A
1002 Shailesh Math B
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
BC->D
AC->D
B->A
A->B
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
BC->D
AC->D
B->A
A->B

Here there is PD
R1=A+=AB
R2=ACD

Here there is No TD then the Relation is satisfied up to 3NF

 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

Consider the table: Normalizes up to 3NF

OrderNo (A) OrderDate(B) Itemcode(C) Quantity(D) Price/Unit(E)

1 01/01/06 101 52 51.42
1 01/01/06 102 38 61.21
1 01/01/06 103 20 18.51
2 01/02/06 201 45 21.26
2 01/02/06 102 30 61.21
3 01/03/06 102 40 61.21
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:
Solution:
First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
A->B
D->E
AC->D
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:
Solution:
First we have to find out the functional dependency of the above table
A->B
D->E
AC->D

Then now find out the key for the relation;

AC+=ACD
=ACDE
=ABCDE
So key is AC

Now check if there is any Partial dependency

There is P.D in the following FD
A->B
 Normalization
THIRD NORMAL FORM:

 find out the closure of the left hand side attribute the causes the P.D for the relation.
R={ABCDEF}
R1= A+=AB
R2=ACDE order itemcode quantity
no

 There is T.D in the above FD [D->E] 1 101 52

 Then R2=D+=DE 1 102 38
itemc quantity
 R3=ACE ode 1 103 20
101 51.42 2 201 45
orderno orderdate
102 61.21 2 102 30
01 01/01/06
02 01/02/06 103 18.51 3 102 40
03 01/03/06 201 21.26