Workbook SECOND EDITION UR Joan Saslow « Allen AscherSECOND EDITION TOP - Workbook Joan Saslow e Allen Ascher With Wendy Pratt Long and Penny Laporte‘Top Notch: English for Today's World 3, Second Edition Workbook Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Ine All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, or transmited in any form ‘or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording. or otherwise. without the prior permission of the publisher, Pearson Education, 10 Bank Street, White Plains, NY 10606 Staff credits: The people who made up the Top Notch 3 Workbook team. representing editorial, design, production, and manufacturing are Rhea Banker, Elizabeth Carlsoa, Aerin Csiga Dave Dickey, Aliza Grenblatt, Gosia Jaros-White, Ray Keating, Mike Kemper, and Barbara Sabelta Cover design: Rhea Banker Cover photo: Sprint/Corbis ‘Text design: Wendy Wolf Text composition: Quarasan! ‘Text font: ITC Stone Sans Photo credits: All original photography by David Mager. Page | Shutterstock.com:; p. 6 Archivo Teonografic, S.A./Corbis; p. 1 (1) Shutterstock com, 2) Shutterstock.com, (3) Dreamstime.com, (boitom) Corbis: p. 13 Getty Images: p. 14 Maxine HallfCorbiss p. 43 The Galerie St. Eienne;p. 44 Corbis: p. 49 Photolibrary.comy p. 51 Dorling Kindersey; p. 67 John Paul Endress; p. 70 David Micheal Zimmenman/Corbis; p73 (left) Stockbyte, (ight) Comstock/Getty Images; p. 77 (op left) Richard PowersvCorbis, (top right) Shutterstock com, (botiom left) Shutterstcok.com, (botom right) Tony Freeman/PhotoFlt, In: p. 84 Rube Goldberg, Inc; p. 88 Picturequest ~ Royalty Free; p. 104 Micha DeFreitay/V&W/The Image Works; p. 108 (top let) iStockphoto.com, (op right) iStockphoto.com, (bottom left) AfriPics.com/Alamy,(bostom right) iStockphoto.com, Mlustration eredits: Stephen Attoe: pages 23, 82, $3, 100 (top): Leanne Franson: pages 38, 72 (bottom); Brian Hughes: pages 50, 72 (top), 102; Stephen Hutchings: pages 8, 45, 74, 79 (bottom) Suzanne Mogensen: pages 22 (top) 53, 58, 100 (bottom); Andy Myer; page 36; Dusan Petrcie: pazes 5, 13, 6, 62, 19 (op). ISBN 13: 978.0-13-247075.9 ISBN 10:0-13-247075.6 Printed in the United States of America 123456789 10-V042-15 14.13 1211 10 PENT) Pearsanlangman.com offers online resources for teachers and students. Access our ‘Companion Websites, our online catalog, and ‘our local offices around the word. Visit us at www,pearsonlongman.com.UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3 UNIT 4 UNIT 5 UNIT 6 UNIT 7 UNIT & UNIT 9 UNIT 10 CONTENTS Make Small Talk. Health Matters Getting Things Done Reading for Pleasure Natural Disasters. Life Plans Holidays and Traditions Inventions and Discoveries. Controversial Issues. Beautiful WorldMake Small Talk Read the tips on business etiquette, Then read the situations below, Decide if the behavior in each situation is appropriate or inappropriate. TIPS ON BUSINESS ETIQUETTE = ens > Always introduce the most important person first. > Use your business card as a wey to stay in touch with people you meet. Exchanging and saving business cards can help you “network’ later. > Being on time is absolutely necessary for business appointments. The rule is to arrive ten to fifteen minutes early. However, for . social events, such as business parties, it is at considered impolite to arrive early. > In major cities, business clothing is usually formal. Blue, black, or gray suits ere conservative and always appropriate. In warm climates, nest and comfortable khakis, jeans, or slacks, sometimes with a jacket, are OK. However, the first time you visit: @ company, itis slways best to start with e conservative look. > Business conversations often take place during meals. The meals are a time to relax, {get to know the other person socially, and then talk a little business. Depending on the person's schedule, these meetings can be at breakfast, lunch, or dinner: ) Eye contact is very important. Always look at everyone in your conversation group. Mave your eyes from one person to another. It makes people feel important and holds their attention. Sounce: wwrw.cyorink.com 1. While you're meeting with a client, the CEO of your company comes into your office. You introduce the CEO to your client Clappropriate [1 inappropriate first, 2, You are meeting with a group of four people. While speaking, _ you're looking only at the highest level manager in the group. Clappropriate inappropriate 3, You have an interview at a new company on Friday. You know the company allows employees to dress casually on Fridays, so you decide to wear casual clothing. Dappropriate ~— Clinappropriate ‘4, You don’t have time during the regular business hours to meet A with a client. You decide to meet over dinnet Dlappropriate Clinappropriate 5, You're invited to a business party and the invitation says the party is from 7:00 to 9:00 pa. You arrive at 6:45 Tlappropriate Clinappropriateoe Match the correct response to each statement or question. Write the letter on the line. <1. Nice to meet you, a. Not really. People tend to be more formal here. 2. What is the custom here? _ b. Please call me by my nickname. 3. How would you like to be called? _ «Nice to meet you, too. 4. Are most people on a firstname basis? ___d._ No need to be so formal. Please call me Robert. 5. Nice to meet you, Mr. Reston, e. I'm not sure, It's probably best to watch what others do. (IF 05. 42007 y0U? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. What do you prefer to be called by your family? 2. What do you like to be called by your friends? _ 3. What do you prefer to be called by your colleagues or classmates? MF vx Wve conversation inthe correct order. Write the number on the line. —— Hil It’s a great day, isn it —— Nice to meet you, too. Would it be rude to call you Joe? —— It really is. Allow me to introduce myself, 'm Amanda Decker. —— Absolutely not. Please do. —— Great. And call me Amanda, _—— I'm Joe Hanson. It’s nice to meet you. DF compete cach statement witha tag question. 1. He didn’t know about that custom, —__? 2. It's great day to go to the beach, ______? 3. You learned Japanese in school, 4. Mike will be here later, —______? 5. You're not from Turkey, ____? 6. The program in Bali wasn’t very successful, 7. 1'm presenting my report at 2, _____7 ‘8. There weren't a lot of people at the conference, ____? UNIT 1GF ‘ors the situations and complete the tag questions. 1, You think your friend got a good grade on her science test. "She______get____a good grade on her science test, __didn’tshe__>" 2. You see two people talking, but you don’t think that they know each other. “They __den’tknew _ each other, __de they _2" 3. You're talking to your friend, You think he'll be late to the party tonight. “You ________late to the party tonight, —__?" 4. When you get to class, you think your friend Diane hasn't gotten there yet. Dias eee ete yet ee me eH 5. You heard that your friend Bill was in a car accident yesterday, but you don't think that’s true. “pill _______in a car accident yesterday, —__2” 6. You think that Dr. Jenkins doesn’t lke to be called by her first name. “Dr. Jenkins ____ to be callled Kate, —__?” Read the information about Allison McFarland. Then use the information on the form to write statements _with tag questions. Allison McFarland Date of birth: October 27, 1985 Place of birth: Country of residence: Canada Occupation: 1, You're Allison MeFarland, aren't you? WHAT ABOUT YOU? Which topics are appropriate for small talk in your country? Check yes or no. If you check no, then explain why the topic is not appropriate. 1. what someone would like to be called 2. how much money a person makes 3. a person's work or studies oooo% npooo8 4, someone's marital status Make SmallTak 34 MD 00k at kon Kicin’s weekly planner, Then circle the letter of the answer that completes each sentence, Today is Sunday. MONDAY THURSDAY 12:00 travel #o Copenhagen 9:00 read TechServe report 7.00 meet Jason Bailey for dinner 1.00 have meeting with TechSewe ‘TUESDAY Fripay 8:30 have meeting with Computech 8:00 have meeting with Nelson Company 1230 prepare client presentation 2:00 present results ot Nelson Company meeting 830 Fly home to London ‘WEDNESDAY ‘SATURDAY SUNDAY 9:00 #yto Brussels Yeiax all afternoon! | exercise in moming 130 meet Clark Sampson for lunch 4:00 give presentation to clients 7:30 take clients to dinner 7.48 go to the aN movies with Tania 1. By 5:00 aw, on Monday, Ken to Copenhagen. a, had already traveled b. hadn't yet traveled 2. On Tuesday, Ken ____ Clark Sampson for lunch a. had already met b, hadn't yet met 3. On Wednesday evening, Ken____ to Brussels. ‘a, hadn't yet flown b. had already flown 4, Ken _____ the results of the Nelson Company meeting at 2:00 on Friday. a. hadn't yet presented b. had already presented 5. Ken ____alll week before he was able to relax on Saturday. a. had worked b. hadn't worked Look at Ken Kloin’s weekly planner again. Complete the statements using the past perfect and already or not yet. 1. By the time he flew to Brussels, Ken had already had_the meeting with Computech, but he hadn't yethad__ the meeting with TechServe. 2. At 7:00 p.m. on Wednesday, he the clients to dinner. the presentation to the clients, but he ken ____ the TechServe report when he had the meeting with TechServe. Ken the meeting with Nelson Company when he had the meeting with TechServe. By Saturday evening, Ken __________at the gym. ae ew At 8:00 on Saturday, Ken_______ to the movies with Tania, UNIT1Read the Conversation Model on page 7 in the Student's Book agai : Circle the letter of the sentence that has the same or similar meaning. 1. "By 9:00 | had already bought my books.” a. I bought my books before 9:00. b. I bought my books at 9:00. 2. "What did you do about lunch?” a. Did you have lunch? b. Do you want lunch? MF wine 2007 your Complete the sentences in your own wa 1. When I left the house this morning, | had already Then read each sentence below. 3. "When | got to class, | hadn't eaten yet.” a. [got to class after | ate. b. I got to class before | ate. 4. “You must be pretty hungr a. | think you‘te hungry now. b. I'm sure you're hungry now. 2. At 8:00 today, | hadn't yet. 3, By the time | started to study English, | had already but I hadn't yet. BI ross out the word or phrase that has @ different meaning from the others. 1. offensive very rude 2, customary not allowed 3. impolite nice 4. not usual traditional 5. etiquette punctuality polite taboo rude customary manners Did you know... that etiquette and rues for behavior have a very ang history? The frst instructions for etquette were writen inthe year 7 2400 8.CE by an Egyptian} || rpamed Prahhotep. His | Guide included advice about how to get along wth others and how to advance in the worid. rr ne ae Source: wwnw.canoe.ca Read the article about punctuality. Then read the statements on page 6 and check true, false, or no information, according to the article. RIGHT ON TIME Everyone knows that different cultures have different ideas about punctuality. But one ‘country Ecuador—is trying something new. A group called Citizens’ Participation has found that being late costs the country about $724 million each year. ‘They report that more than hal€ of all public events, as ‘well as many government appointments and social activities, begin late. The group is trying to make people aware of punctuality and is reminding them to be on time. The government, including the Ecuadorian president, is supporting the effort. Hundreds of Ecuadorian onganizations and companies have signed agreements to be on time. Posters have been put up that remind people: “If you're late, someone else is waiting.” One newspaper prints a list of government officials who arrive to events late. ‘The campaign has generally been well-received by the Ecuadorian people, and it seems to be working, Many businesses have reported that more meetings are now beginning on time. Inronmarion sounct: www.economist.com Make SmallTalktrue false no information 1. The country of Ecuador made more money because © people were often late. ola ag 2. Citizens’ Participation doesn’t think punctuality is very important. Eee a 3. The government of Ecuador wants people tobe ontime Ol O a 4. Signs and posters have been made to remind people to be punctual a) a 5. Punctuality is more important now in Ecuador than in most other countries. eee Qo 6. Ecuadorians are on time less often than they used to be. ee o MI 07 25007 YoU? How importants punctuality to you fr each of the following events? Explain your answers. Very ‘Somewhat Not | important | important | important Se work or school dinner at a | friend’s house | ‘a meeting with co-worker a doctor's appointment a movie 66 BETTER THREE HOURS TOO SOON 99 THAN A MINUTE TOO LATE. —William Shakespeare, English playwright and poet Read the article Formal Dinner Etiquette on page 10 in the Student's Book again. Check the behavior that ‘would be considered rude at a dinner party in the 1940s. Then write the correct behavior. 1. 1 You arrive five to ten minutes after the hour set for the dinner. 2. O Yow arrive late and dinner has started, so you take your seat as quickly as possible and start eating, 3. D1 Ifyou are a man, you enter the dining room after the women. 4. C1 You take the seat at the table that your hostess has planned for you. 5. 11 You start to eat as soon as the food is served to you so that it is still hot when you eat it Ci Ifyou are the hostess, you should leave the table as soon as you're done eating, 7, 01 You leave immediately after the dinner is over. UNIT 1MD Vo28 toe artic and then circe the letter of the answer that best completes each sentence, ee emsead HOW CASUAL IS TOO CASUAL? ‘Thiny years ago or so, most people in the with each other. People enjoyed coming to work | United States, Canada, and Europe didn't think knowing it was a comfortable place to be. ‘about what to wear to work in an office. Men always wore suits and ties. Women wore suits or conservative skirt outfits. But in the 1990s, that started to change. ‘Then some people began to change their minds about casual dress at work. Many managers felt that casual dress had led to casual attitudes: toward work. Some people started to notice It began with “casual Fridays.” During the an increase in employees being late to works If summer, some companies invited their lothes make the man,” as the saying goes, then ‘employees to “dress down,” or wear more casual casual clothes make @ casual person who is leSS\/ ‘clothes to work on Fridays. The policy quickly committed to company productivity and quality became popular with employees. After this, it didn’t take long for employees to start dressing ‘more casually every day of the week. One of the biggest reasons why there have | been such mixed opinions about dressing down is that there is no real standard for appropriate Many employees welcomed the new dress policy casual dress. sit shorts, T-shits, brightly ee meer comfortable work environment that colored tops, and fp ops? Ist designer jeans cane with t. Etquoti had definitely changed, polo shits. and trendy sneakers? Is it khakis Gnd sults and ties were rarely seen in many and spor jackets? Or are Hawaiian shirts Sfices. Some employees went as far as weering and tom jeans OK? Without a casual dress | Jeans, T-shirts, and sneakers to the office. Many code policy, the fiquete for dress in many Troople fl that casual etre made the workplace companies is beginning o change back to more tlendler place. Co-workers were more relaxed formal business atite—2 style that everyone understands 2 casual (adjective): 1, not caring; 2. suitable for everyday use; 3, without attention; 4. not planned Irormamton source: ww.careerknowhow.com 1. Men used to wear to workin an office. a. suits bb. conservative skirt outfits __¢. jeans and ties 2. Casual Fridays started ‘a, about thirty years ago b. in the summer c with women 3, Employees in most companies __ the idea of causal Fridays. a. liked b. didn’t enjoy . didn't know about 4, Now many managers think that employees should —_. a. wear jeans b. not dress casually . work on casual Friday 15, Etiquette for dressing for work is once again becoming ___ in many companies. a. more casual b, less professional ¢. more professional MI ws as0ut you? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. How has the etiquette for dressing changed in your country? 2. Is this change for the better? Make SmallTalk = 7Read about Naomi’s problem and give her advice about the etiquette and cultural changes in your country. Use ideas from the box or your own ideas. clothing customs dating customs “ve been out of the country for over fifteen | years. Now t'm back, but forms of address ‘so much has changed. | aa aes male/female roles in the home Can you tell me about male/female roles in the workplace Ber wean rules about formal behavior and culture?” | rules about punctu table manners | Ce eles MJ complete the tag questions. Then look atthe picture. Answer each ‘question with a short answer. 1. It’s a beautiful day today, isn’t it__7 Beier ie oe 2, It’s not 2:30 yet, isit _? 2 Nica | 3. It's a good day to ride a bike, _? Bi J. The girl on the bike can’t see the car, 5. Yesterday was Sunday, — 2 ee 6. The people haven't met before today, 7, They're not cold, __? ——— ee 8. The man plays tennis, _? a UNIT 1Oo Complete each sentence with the correct form of the words in parentheses. Use the present continuous or the simple present tense, 1. It_____seunds__ (sound) like they had a great vacation, 2, |__ have) English class every Tuesday at 5:30. 3. The children are hungry, so | _________ (make) them sandwiches, 4. Dr. Angle always (ell) her patients to exercise more. 5. Our boss ____ (go) to Cairo next Monday. 6 What________you________ (do) tomorrow evening? 7. The bus____ (leave) at 3:00 on the weekends. 8, |___ (bake) a cake for Emma's party tomorrow. MF compiete each sentence in the e-mail withthe present perfect or the present perfect continuous. Dear Sydney, | Hil How are you? So fer,|________a great time in Mexico. The sun | the whole time! | started my trip in Cancén, and spent a a ahine few days there. Now I'm in San Cristobal, | ______ here Tbe before, so it’s nice to be back. |__ some other travelers. They ___ fora long time, so they have a lot of great tips. Travel We're all going to Oaxaca next. | can't wait! Talk to you soon! Chris MD covert te verosin te folowing sentences. 1. Sheila was studying in London when she was-meeting her boyfriend. 2. My family was going to Cairo last summer. It was a great trip! 3. They have know her since 2003 4. He didn’t used to work there, but now he does. 5. | watched a movie when he called, but | didn’t mind the interruption. 6. Lalready seen that movie. 7. We have been traveling to Mexico three times, Make SmallTalk = 90 WRITING BOOSTER MF water the emoticon and abbreviation with the phrase that has the same meaning. Write the letter on the line, pee?) a. “Let me know.” eto b. “Ym smiling.” 3. —__IMHO “Im not happy.” 4 __® d, “Laughing out loud” 5. —_GR82CU fe. “By the way” 6 —__stw f. “in my humble opinion” 7, —_\Mk J. “See you later.” 8, __CULBR . “Great to see you.” 9. —_RUOK? |. “Are you okay?” MD complete the chart. visite the letter ofthe things you should do and the things you shouldn't do in formal e-mail etiquette. Use a title, last name, and colon to address someone you don’t know well | Write in complete sentences. «Use correct spelling Use emoticons. e Use all lower-case letters. Punctuate carefully. Date the e-mail. End with your name. rFenee Close the e-mail as a formal letter, for example, Thank you so much. Include abbreviations. Use a first name and comma to address someone you know wel Do's: —2 Donte 4 Read the following e-mail and circle all the formal e-mail etiquette errors. Then, on a separate sheet of paper, rewrite the e-mail and correct the etiquette errors. ee ae Maria, Thanks 4 lunch yesterday. it was GR8 2 C U. let’s continue our conversation about the project. maybe Wednesday next week? My place? There's still lots 2 discus. | | © BIW, please don’t forget to bring the info we talked about. | IMK about next week. C U L&R. = \| Peter uniT 1Health Matters What dental emergency does each person have? Write broken tooth, lost filling, loose tooth, swollen ‘gums, or toothache on the line. You will not use all of the phrases They've been bothering me since yesterday. They're all red and painful Thave a terrible pain in my tooth. I need to find a dentist as soon as possible ET piece of it broke off ‘when I was eating candy yesterday. Luckily, it doesn’t hurt that much. Tm in a lat of pain. | hear you can put chewing ‘gum in the hole until you See the dentist D020 s800T yOu? which ofthe folowing health-related items do you take when you travel? 1 extra medication D an extra pair of glasses or contact lenses G special food CO exercise clothes or equipment 1 the name and number of a doctor at your destination CO other: Here are a few tips to maintain good dental health: + You should brush your teeth at least twice a day, especially after meals «= Brush your teeth for at least two minutes each time you brush. (Try timing yourself. Very few people actually brush for this long) + Brush gently with a soft toothbrush. Brushing too hard can hurt your teeth and gums. + Don't forget to brush your tongue and the roof of your mouth, + Change your toothbrush every three to four months.complete the conversations. Choose the letter ofthe correct answer. <1. A: hear you're from England. 3. A: B: B: Well, let’s have a look. a. London. a. Can you recommend a dentist? b. Yes, lam. b, Actually, there's one not far from here. © | really appreciate it. &. This tooth is killing me, 2. A: Thanks for fitting me in, 4. A: [need to see a dentist. | think it’s B an emergency. ‘a, Would you like me to make an Eee appointment for you? ‘a, Thanks for fitting me in. b. Ifyou could. Thanks. b. OK, there's one not far from here. Luckily, | had a cancellation. c. When did it first begin to hurt? MD Write the word trom the box that matches each definition. You will not use al the words. chest coughing dizzy hip nauseous short of breath sneezing stomach == weak ~=—_ wheezing a part of the body between the neck and stomach 23 not strong, without energy 3y feeling that you're going to vomit 4 making a noise by air suddenly coming out of the nose 5, —_____ suddenly pushing air out of the throat with a short sound 6, ________ part of the body below the chest and above the legs GF complete the statoments with must or must not to draw conclusions. 1. He hasn't slept for two days. He tired. 2. If Heather didn’t eat any pizza, she well. She loves pizza Teal 3. Tim broke his leg. t_____alot. 4. She's been sneezing all day. she _a cold 5. Karen hasn’tleftyet. She _____in a hurry. 6. Bob's allergies are bothering him today. He _____ to go hiking with us. 2 uNiT2DF ‘cok ate pictures. Complete each sentence with must or must not to draw conclusions. be getting a checkup. 2. He_____be going on vacation, 3. She_____like the dark. 4. The dog —______want to go swimming. She _____ have gloves with her. 6. She_____ be feeling well WHAT ABOUT YOU? Think about the last time you were sick. Fill in this patient information form from a doctor's office. Name: [________] Date of vis Date of your last visit: Please check all of your symptoms: A. Are you Odi O short of breath? OQ nauseous? Oweak? 2. Do you have any pain in your: O stomach? Orbs? Ohips? O chest? O other: 3. Have you been: O wheezing? O coughing? O sneezing? O vomiting? 4. Please give a bi f description of your illness “An apple a day keeps: the doctor away- _—Itis ine comes from an ‘ole per that was otto ctilerento encourage them ‘ont heathy foods ke ‘nats and vegetables. t's sil «2 comnon sayin tod in English. Health Matters 13oo Complete each sentence with a word from the box, ablood test acheckup an EKG ashot an X-ray 1. The nurse will take a sample of blood so can be done. 2. The doctor will give you the medicine by giving you in the arm. 3. The doctor is going to take — to look at the broken bone. 4, ____ records electrical signals from the heart's activity. to make sure that '¥m going to the doctor for___ I'm healthy, MF omoiete the conversation. Use the words and phrases from the box. You will not use all ofthe words and pnrases, fit © aninjection need —_ apain a toothache Yerays show inside the ——! = body because different parts of ft absorb the rays of ragiation at different rates. Calcium in bones absorbs the most radiation, so bones look white on fworks.com Receptionist: Hello, Dr. Winters’ office Alexander York: Hello. 'm calling because I'd like to make tv see the doctor. Ihave 5 in my 5 an X-ray image [also Receptionist: | think you might need Let’s see— called a radiograph). Fat and other softer body Ican — you in this afternoon, parts absorb less and 5 Would you be able to come in at 4:00? Noa ay Bats the least amount of radiation, so lungs look black on an Xray, Alexander York: Yes, that’s great. | really Inromuavion sounct ip /isclence howstufiwarlscam MY ow answer thse questions abou the conversation, Check yes, no, orn infomation yes no no information 1. Does Mr. York have chest pain? eles Qa 2. Does the receptionist need aneKG? =] Qo 3. Is Mr. York from overseas? oa o 4. Can the doctor see Mr. York today? «= sO o 5. Mr. York needs a checkup. rete al a “ unit 2GD circle tne word that correctly completes each sentence. The dentist may / will be able to see you today, but I'm not sure. Your gums are really swollen, You might / must be in a lot of pain. Bill hates to miss class. He must / might be really sick if he’s not here today. We will / might be able to go shopping this weekend. It depends on if we have time. You lost a filling? That must / may really hurt! The patient might / must need a blood test. The doctor will have to examine him to be sure. Susan will / must be able to meet us for dinner, but she said she'd be a little late. NOwewne BDF Feowsite cach sentence using may, might, or must and be able to. 4. She has a lot of work to do, so she might not be able te __ keep her doctor's appointment. 2. Dr. Morris isn't in until this afternoon. He see you. 3. I'm sorry, but I have to cancel today. | the week. I'll have to check my schedule. see you until the end of 4, If leave work at 5:00, |__________ get there by 5:30. it depends on how much traffic there is. 5, Mrs. Graham has called several dentists. She for today. Read the article Consider the Choices on page 20 In the Student’s Book again. Write the names of the ‘treatments. __ get an appointment 1. When modern medicine and surgeries are unsuccessful, a person might try one of these treatments. 2. Aperson who is afraid of needles would not want this treatment. 3. A person who needs surgery would want this treatment. 44. Apperson who feels strongly that there is a mind and body connection would choose this treatment. 5, Alot of conventional medicines are based on the study of this treatment. 6. Aperson who is using a remedy that can actually cause the symptoms the person suffers from is Using this treatment. Health Matters 1MBI ex x5007 vOU? wnat are some pros and cons ofeach type of treatment? Use your own teas. Pros Cons acupuncture Ttean help you quit smoking. It’s | Idon’tlike needles! 5,000 years ald, so it must work. conventional medicine herbal therapy | homeopathy spiritual healing MF vexstv0 worst about typeof mecca treatment. Then circle the letter o he answer that correctly completes each sentence. | CERES DS rh isan a aE I le Et Yen fayoter Toc Heb i allaboutreflexology.com Reflexology is a natural treatment dating back to ancient times. Its based on the idea that there are zones, or areas, in the feet and hands that are related to other parts and systems ofthe body. For example, the tips ofthe toes and fingers are related to the head and neck, and the ball ofthe foot is related to the heart and chest. reflexologist applies pressure to specific areas in a patients feet and hands to relieve symptoms ‘or pain in other related areas. This type of treatment does not cure or diagnose specific health problems, and it does nat involve any medication. Yet many patients find that it successfully relieves symptoms of stress and disease. Reflexology is effective for pain, headaches, and sleeping difficulties, among other ailments. Applying pressure to the feet and hands relieves tension, improves blood circulation, and relaxes muscles. It promotes the ‘natural, healthy functions and wel-being of the entire body. Reflexology is often used along with other types of treatments, including conventional medicine. This gentle therapy is safe and simple. A reflexologis’s only tols are his or her hands. Pressure is strong, but not uncomfortable. I's not uncommon for patients to fall asleep during treatments, A typical treatment session lasts one hour. Treatment is usually focused on the feet for most of the session. A patient is asked to remove his or her shoes and socks, to sit in a comfortable reclining chair, and then to relax as the reflexologist warms the patient’ feet with his or her hands and applies pressure to the appropriate parts of the foot. The last ten minutes ofthe session are dedicated to the hands. ‘Aer relieving specific problems, many patients continue a regular program of treatment to maintain ‘good health. Some reflexologsts suggest building at least a five-minute reflexology session into every day for long-term relief of stress and pain. BI Inrormarion sounce: www. teflexology.org 6 UNIT 21. Areflexologist is a ‘a. person who provides reflexology treatment b. patient <._ person who receives reflexology treatment d. doctor 2, The article doesn’t mention that reflexology can relieve __. a. headaches: b. problems with the feet, . tension d. symptoms of disease 3. Reflexology ___ with other treatments. a. can be combined b. is never combined . isn't usually combined d. might be combined in the future 4. Ina typical session of reflexology, about ___ is spent on the feet. a. one hour: b. fifty minutes . ten minutes . half the time 5, ‘The ideas behind reflexology are most similar to those of a. conventional medicine b. spiritual healing . herbal therapy d. acupuncture Complete the chart, Use the information from the website in Exercise 14 and the Reading on page 20 in the Student's Book. ‘Type of treatment | How it’s similar to reflexology | How it’s different from reflexology homeopathy herbal therapy acupuncture Suggest medications for the following symptoms. In some cases, more than one type might be helpful. Explain wiy you think each medication is helpful. Symptom Medication Reason sneezing Cold tablets, | | a toothache | weakness coughing stomach problems a burn from hot oll red eyes | an infection Health Matters 17WHAT ABOUT YOU? How do you buy medications in your country? Which ones do you need a prescription for? Which ones can you buy without a prescription? Which are available both ways? Prescription Prescription Some kinds require | always needed not needed a prescription | (i antacids oa o | painkillers o o | antibiotics a o | vitamins oO oO | ea cold tablets Oo ao inert a Qo | a a wo WHAT ABOUT YOU? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. What are some of the medications listed in Exercise 18 that you have taken? 2. What is the normal dosage? 3. Do you need a prescription to get them? 4. What are some warnings or side effects of these medicines? GRAMMAR BOOSTER MF vowrte ne sentences, using probably and most likely. 1. He feels terrible. He must have the flu. 2. My arm aches. It must be from the shot | got yesterday. 3. My doctor is not answering the phone. He must not be in today. 4. An herbalist must know a lot of different plants. 5. Lucy is not eating anything, She must not be feeling well 18 uUNIT2DF ‘ownite cach sentence with maybe. 1. She's been sneezing since she got here. She may be allergic to my cat. 2. I'm not feeling well. I may have the flu. 3. He's taking a lot of medication. He may be sick. 4, He has pain in his chest. He may need an EKG. 5. She hates to fly. She may prefer to take the train. 6. It looks like a bad infection. The doctor may want to prescribe antibiotics. (MF F2cn somence delow has an error. Rewrite each sentence correctly. 1. I think | forgot probably to take my medication. 2. He doesn’t have a fever. May be it's just a cold. 3. She is dizzy because she doesn’t most likely get enough sleep. 4, We don't have probably any cough medicine at home. 5. He maybe able to return to work tomorrow. 6. He likes natural medicine so he prefers probably herbal therapy. 7, They're late probably because they overslept. 8. She prefers maybe to wait until Monday. Health Matters 19WRITING BOOSTER GI ‘eas we sentences. are they comparing oF contrasting things? Check the correct answer. MD circte tne word that correctly completes each sentence. 20 Comparison | Contrast 1, My sister is different from my brother in the way she acts toward her friends. 2, Vegetables are healthy and low in carbohydrates. Likewise, fruit is healthy even though itis higher in carbohydrates. 3. Unlike New York, San Diego is on the west coast. 4. High school and college are alike in many ways. 5. Riding a bicycle is good exercise. On the other hand, driving a car uses litle energy. | 6 Ifyou have an infection, you can take antibiotics, but if you have the flu, the antibiotics will not work. 7. Many of the subjects he is studying require a lot of reading, They also require essay writing, | 8. Abbroken ankle is very painful. A sprained ankle | is very painful as well. ‘9. Lenjoy traveling by train. However, I really dislike plane travel. 10. Both Saturday and Sunday are my favorite days of the week. 1. Avery painful ankle may require an X-ray. A painful tooth may require one, a. too b. similarly acupuncture and spiritual healing are considered holistic medicine, not conventional medicine. a. Whereas b. Both 3. Doctors that prescribe conventional medications must have a medical degree. ___, doctors that prescribe natural medications don’t have to have one. a. On the other hand b. Likewise a slight headache, a severe headache might need a painkiller. 2. Whereas b. Unlike 5. You need a prescription to buy antibiotics. some painkillers. a. However b. Similarly . you don’t need a prescription to buy vitamins or unir2Look at the chart comparing Chinese health massage and acupuncture. On a separate sheet of paper, write a short paragraph comparing the two. Use these ideas or your own ideas, } Chinese health massage Acupuncture | has been used for a very long time | increases energy flow in the body helps the body’s immune or defense system ao Look at the chart contrasting the Japanese and American healthcare systems. On a separate sheet of paper, write a short paragraph contrasting the two. Use these ideas or your own ideas. |_has been used for thousands of years | increases energy flow throughout the body | improves the body's immune or defense system. Japanese healthcare system ‘American healthcare system Universal healthcare system (available to all citizens) not universal Japanese employees pay more for healthcare if they are overweight. ‘American employees do not pay more if they are overweight. Healthcare companies are not allowed to make a profit Healthcare companies can make a profit Employers are encouraged to check the weight of employees. Higher weight tends to indicate a less healthy employee. Employers cannot check the weight of employees. Itis against the law. Invonmation source: ww, bukisa.com/articles/216630 Health Matters aGetting Things Done Preview J MD 00x ate pictures. which person is a procrastinator? Which person is well-organized? Check () the correct box. ‘Oh, no! | have to get these [1 need to get this package to atana | [ Yd tke 100 more pages just pressed for my interview today! by Wednesday. Do you think wil_| like this by next week, OK? ay get therein two days? = pa ey c FA pe 1. Ciprocrastinator Clwellorganized 2. C)procrastinator (well-organized 3. [procrastinator [J well-organized | need 50 copies of my report printed from this CD for my meeting in Beijing ‘next month. ‘What a mess! 1nd the guests are coming in an hour — “ Procrastination is the art of keeping up with yesterday and avoiding today.” Wayne Dyer MD Water tne sertences with similar meanings, Draw a line, Thave a really urgent job. 1 a. 1am really busy. 2, I've got a lot on my plate. b. Ihave to get this done as soon as possible. 3. [need this a.s.ap. I don’t want to take up more of your time. 4, won't keep you then, d._ I'm working on a really important task. 5. Lowe you one. fe. No problem, ‘ 6. No sweat. £ Ireally appreciate your help. 22&D 1. Do you think people who are very organized get more done with less stress? 2. Do you think it’s important for people to get along at work? 3. Do you think children should be required to study music at school? 4, Do you think getting people to help is better than trying to do everything yourself? 5. Do you think speed and reliability are the most important reasons to choose one store over another? 6. Do you think employers should be allowed to check their employees’ health? Getting Things Done 31GD complete cach statement with a personal example. 1. ima very organized person. For example, 2. Some people are good at making a budget, but | am not one of them. Whenever 3. | feel great every time 4. There are a lot of times | have to run late for an appointment. For instance, 5. used to be a terrible procrastinator. When | was 6. The people where | live are so nice, and they always help me in a lot ways, such as, Look at the opinions you stated in Exercise A. Choose one opinion and list three personal examples to ‘support your view. Use the expressions for stating personal examples from Exercise C. Your opinion: Personal examples: 3 32. uNIT3Preview Reading for Pleasure MD ‘e215 tne book covers, Write the type of book, Use the types from the box. You will not use all of the types. an autobiography science fiction Alvida with Kids: ‘Come Visit the Sunshine State| Bill Newer end Theresa Beck a biography a self-help book a mystery a romance novel short stories __a travel book Ferree The Ualy Lite of a Beautiful Woman The true story ‘of model Alexa Frost MD Vor1 c20n pair of sentences. writ “Pin her Bory ‘nso Its All About Me if the sentences have different meanings. 1. can't get into it. ._ It's not my thing, {can't put it down: It puts me to sleep. 2. 3. 4. can't get into it. 5. 6. Il lend it to you. ez 7. I'm just browsing, are I can’t put it down. ” if the sentences have the same or similar meanings and “=” I don't like it. is like a body 99 without a soul. cus Tlllus Ceero (Ancient Roman politician, writer, and public speaker) (66 @ room without books Ws a real page-turner. Ican’t get enough of it. | I really tke it You can borrow tt. I'm looking for a specific bookMD ww 1800 y0V? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. Name a book or other reading material that you can’t get enough of 2. Name a book or other reading material that puts you to sleep. MDF eexs cach sentence. check rue or tase. true fal; 1. A page-tumer describes a book that you can't put down. 2. Ifyou think a book is a cliff-hanger, you probably can’t get into it. 3. Abook becomes a best-seller when a lot of people buy it. 4. Abook that isa fast read is very difficult. 5S. A.book that is trash isn’t usually considered to be good literature. ooo000 o0000 F ‘espondte cach question witha clause using that. Use the prompts, 1. What's in the latest issue of Car Magazine? (an article on hybrid cars / | think) I thinkthat the latest issve of Car Magazine has an article on bybrid cart. 2. What do you think about this book? (hard to follow / | believe) 3. What book did she write? (a book about English grammar / I think) ‘4. Where do Stieg Larsson’s novels take place? (in Sweden / 1 quess) ‘5. Who are the main characters in the Twilight novel? (Bella and Edward / | believe) 6. What is Adam Johnson’s short story “Hurricanes Anonymous" about? (a single father / | think) 7. What is Alice Sebold’s most famous novel? (The Lovely Bones / | suppose) 8. They don’t have any articles on knitting in this magazine, do they? (disappointed / 1) 34 UNIT 4MF W007 98007 you? Complete the sentences in your own way. Use noun clauses. believe (that) == =e ee We eS Pe ee i Ma i a a be ait ah Bh UCIT te RN ee Lt OO RNa Re NR ral ee 5. lim happy (that) MB Write t00 ietor of the sentence that best answers each question. 1. Has Kristin Hannah stopped writing a. | think so, but I can't remember the title 2 noes b. I hope not. | really like her books. 2. Are you reading anything good these ta . I'm afraid not. I’m surprised I can’t find anything good, 3. Do you think the new Jody Picoult novel is ciaa ea eRe d. | believe so. I've just started reading it. aU Neuen steer €. I guess so. All of her books are great. 5. Have you read anything by Amy Tan? MF compete cach conversation with a logical response. Use so or not. 1. A: Does this magazine cost less than this book? B: I think 2. A: I'm glad the interview went well. Do you think they'll offer you a job? B: Ihope | really ike the company. 3. A: Is Scott going to meet us tonight? B: Well, he's already an hour late, so I guess —__ fe 4. A: Is it going to rain for our picnic tomorrow? B: Ihope—__. 5. As Do the stores close at 4:00 in the afternoon? B: | don't believe WHAT ABOUT YOU? Complete the conversation in your own way. Recommend a book to a friend. Explain why you recommend it. Your friend: 'm looking for something good to read. Do you have any recommendations? You should read highly recommend it. Your friend: Really? Why's that? Ko Reading for Pleasure 35MI Purine conversation in order. write the number on the line, —— I know. | think | bought the last copy. its. | we —— Yes, | just bought it at the newsstand downstairs. TSI tad ula oon Pad ad — Ill lend it to you when I'm done with it. Ishall tell you what you are.” | Iwas just down there, but it’s sold out. — anonymous proverb Really? That's great. Thanks. _ Is this the latest issue? IWrormarion source: yo seasonedwithlove com —— Too bad. There’s an article in there | really want to read. MD 00k at the pictures and complete each sentence. Make embedtied questions. is Red Thunder the ‘author's second Thunder is the author's second novel hy is this book 50 popular? 3. She wonders 4. He wonders MF 2021 ca0h pair of embedded questions. Circle the letter of the correct sentence in each pai. 1. a, I don’t know if it’s trash b. I don’t know if is it trash. 2. a. Would you mind asking Angie whether | could see her book? b. Would you mind asking Angie that | could see her book? 36 suns3. a. Do you know why Helen Keller wrote about her life? Do you know why did Helen Keller write about her life? e I wonder who is Anne's new friend. I wonder who Anne's new friend is. Tell me when did you get this. Tell me when you got this. a . Could you tell me where the children’s books are? Could you tell me where are the children’s books? e AD ciccte the word that correctly completes each embedded question. 1. I wonder whether / who John Steinbeck wrote this. 2. Vd like to know if / that anyone recommends reading this book. 3. Do you know who / when you bought it? 4, Tell me what / whether this book is about. 5. I don't know what / if the book is available online or not, wo Change each sentence to an embedded question. Begin each question in a different way. 1. Who took my novel? I’d like fo know who took my novel. OR Tell me who took my novel. OR Iwonder who took my novel. 2. Is this a best-seller? 3. Why didn’t you finish reading this? 4, When did she write her memoir? 5. Who is this present for? 6. Do you like to read non-fiction? 7. Are we ready to go to the library? MF ww 2800T your complete the sentences with embedded questions in your own way. 1. Idon't know 2. I wonder 3. Id like to know —__ Reading for Pleasure 37AI complete the paragraphs withthe phrases in the box. curled up with did puzzles listened to an audio book read aloud read the travel section online __ skimmed through Yesterday, Madison Jeffries and her mam started the day by looking at the paper. They didn’t have plans for the weekend, so they quickly ______ the entertainment section of the newspaper to see what events were going on around town. Then they —_,_because thelr family i planning a vacation and they're not sure where to go. So they looked at several articles about places that they thought were interesting. Later that day, Madison went with her mom for a car ride. Since it was a long trip and they didn’t want to get bored, th in the car. When they got home, they 9 ey z : together. Her mom helped her figure out the items she couldn't answer. ‘At the end of the day, Madison got ready for bed, and her mother to her. After Madison fell asleep, her mother a romance novel. MD 005 2t he pictures and label them with the phrases from the box in Exercise 16. Then number the 38 activities in the order they occurred in the paragraph. uNiT4GI wise avout you? answer the questions with your own information. 1. What time of day do you usually read? 2. Do you mostly read for pleasure or for school / work? — Where do you like to read? 4, Do you like to hear other noise (music, television, etc.) when you read? Why or why not? 5, Have you ever read an e-book? How does it compare with a traditional book? 6. What do you read online?. Read the article Comics: Trash or Treasure? on page 46 in the Student's Book again. ‘Then answer the questions. 1. What are three reasons people have criticized comics as reading material for young people? 2. What are three advantages educators see in reading comics? 3. How have comics been used as a way to communicate social and political information? 4, How are publishers using comics in Japan? 5. Where can you buy comics in Japan? 6. Spider-Man is one of the world’s most popular comics. How do you know? Reading for Pleasure 39GD ‘eas tve article. check true or false. Correct the false statements. 40 Letters to the Editor Stop Book Banning Now! From Allcla Vohn, age 16 You might think that book banning. | Most banned books contain violent, isa thing of the past. However, religious, sexual, political, or itis certainly not the case. If you racial content or contain offensive are looking for a copy of Ordinary language. Some people think that. People or The Catcher in the Ryein banning such books will discourage ‘my school library, don't bother. children and young adults from ‘Those books have been removed developing bad attitudes, speech, from the shelves. In fact, according _and behavior. But, personally, don’t to the American Library Association think young people find words or (ALA), since 1990, over 10,000 matches. batteries blanks, abatery- operated ai, afrst-aid hitete 1H Have a plan in case there isan emergency or disaster. I Write down emergency telephone numbers. + Teac responsible Family merbers how and when to shut of water, 28 and elec sources inthe house ‘Leam basic is ld, + Decide what you wil take and where you wil gif you haveto evacuate + Decide what todo four family is separated. Choose a place to meetin case you cant retum to, ‘your home ic fiend or family ‘member ho lves auto the ae to stay in contact ith + Regualy review and practice your plans Source: wwrunewport-news vais 1 Gather together some things you might need in an emergency. Show young children how to turn on and off the water, gas, and electricity. Know how to use the items in a first-aid kit. 1D Decide when to evacuate, CO Find a place for everyone in your family to go if you aren't together. © Practice your plans one time. Natural Disasters 51GF complete the indirect speech statements with information from the article. 1. The article says te prepare __________for an emergency before it happens 2. The article tells people ______a family emergency plan. 3. The article says _____with children how to call emergency phone numbers. 4, The article says where you'll go if you have to evacuate. 5. The article tells you 2 place to meet if you can't go home. WHAT ABOUT YOU? Are you prepared for an emergency? Which of the following supplies do you have in your home? CO bottled water O non-perishable food CO battery-operated radio O candles O matches D other: CO flashlights CO first-aid kit O other O extra batteries O fire extinguisher GRAMMAR BOOSTER GF ea1 cach sentence. if te punctuation is correct, write C. I the punctuation is incorrect, write | and correct the punctuation. Mom said, “don't go in the water.” _I_ The child said please read me a story. —__ I said not to touch anything. —__ We told the dog to stay. The travel guide tells visitors try to take a tour of the island, —__ 5 avaene The woman told her son don't play with your food, —_ MD range cach statement from indirect speech to direct speech. Use correct punctuation. 1. The teacher told us to have a good weekend. The teacher told us —_ 2. Tammy told her assistant to put the mail on the desk. Tanmytoid her astant a ee eee 3. The walter said to try the salmon Rhone ade TS ee eae ae ee ee 4, The actor said not to believe everything on television. The actor said 5. Mom said not to come home too late. Mom said 52 UNITSgo Write each direct speech statement in indirect speech. Change the tense only if necessary. 1. Mom just told me, “I need to get some emergency supplies before the storm.” 2. Sarah said, “We bought a new car last year.” 3. Our teacher told us yesterday, “Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.” 4, His doctor told him, “You need to exercise more.” 5. Last month my parents told me, “We're going to Peru in December.” MD 00k ative pictures. compete the speech bubbles. Then complete each sentence in indirect speech, Change the verb in indirect speech only if necessary. i 2, Jodi just said that she has a terrible headache Kimmy told her mother —_____ The coach said Natural DisastersUti ee Tethers MF 0218 tne paragraph below. Add words and expressions to show the order of importance ofthe detail in the paragraph. Itis very important to know what to do in the case of a fire. Fires can be deadly, so knowing what to do in a fire can save your life, ____________ look around and locate the nearest escape route, usually the nearest door. ___, if the door is closed, check it for heat before you open it Ifthe door is hot, do not open it. Escape through a window instead. If the door is not hot, open it slowly to check whether smoke or fire will block your way out. close the door behind you when you leave that room. This can help prevent the fire from spreading to other places and rooms. drop down and craw! towards the exit, It is important not to run or walk as smoke and heat rise. : , once outside, call the emergency number to alert firefighters to the fire. Sit down and try to stay calm until the firefighters arrive. Never go back into the house. Sources: ww fema.gov, kidshealth.org, GF ‘e208 the statements adout what to do in an earthquake. Organize the statements in order of importance. 54 —— Check for injuries and damage. See if you can find your way out. —— Drop to the ground. If you're standing up, you could fall and hurt yourself. _—— Look for a table or another piece of furniture and take cover. This will help protect you from breaking glass or things that fall. Do not move from that place until the shaking stops. —— When the shaking stops, move slowly away from where you are. Be careful not to trip over fallen objects. Sou wwwwfema.gov Use the statements in Exercise B to write a short paragraph about what to do in an earthquake. Use words ‘and expression of importance. Begin with a topic sentence. Add more information if necessary. UNITSLife Plans a Complete the word webs. Write the professions on the lines. builder -business-owner ——furnituremaker dentist designer doctor family therapist. manager marriage counselor —_ painter scientist song writer tailor teacher (+) family therapist BD wear ss00r vow? a On a scale of 1-5, how important are the following qualities for you in a job? A 5 indicates that the quality is very Important to you. A 1 indicates that the quality is not important to you at all, —— make a lot of money —— work outside —travel work with people —— work ina big company __be able to work anywhere (from home, when traveling, etc.) —— have a flexible schedule _____ have a lot of time to spend with my family —— be creative —— have a job that people think is important bb, Look at one of the qualities you gave a 5. Why is this quality important to you? DF 00 22007 YoU? Answer the questions with your own information 1. Which field do you work in / plan to work in? 2. Why did you chose ths fie? === EEEMF ‘e215 cach sontonce. Then circle the letter ofthe sentence that has a similar meaning, 1. | made my decision. a. made up my mind. b. It’s on my mind. 2. Ill think about your ideas. a. tl keep them in mind. b. I'll change my mind. 3. What can | do for you? ‘a. Have you made up your mind? b. What's on your mind? 4. I've been thinking about something a lot lately. a. It’sbeen on my mind lately. —_b. 've changed my mind lately. He was thinking about traveling, but he’s going to work instead, a. Hell keep traveling in mind. —_b._He’s changed his mind about traveling, BF ?sxive conversation in order. write the number on the line. —— No kidding! I thought you wanted —— Really? Why? to be a police officer. Metra ver to it 2 What are you doing these days: Well cy tls chataeck —— That's right. | was going to, but then I changed my mind, 66 Life is what happens to you / While you're busy making other plans 99 —John Lennon, Ssh composer and musician rom the song “Beni Boy" whlch he wrote for is son Seon “Beautiful Boy" Words and Music by John Lennon eo Complete each sentence with was going to or were going to. 1, We __ (not visit Robert, but then we changed our minds. 2. Everyone ___find out the truth, sooner or later. 3, They __(not) see that movie, but it was the only one at 9:00. 4, —_____ she____ move to an apartment in the city? 5. Who __watch the children this evening? 6. Mr. Nan make the announcement at today’s meeting. 7 (not) Charlie and Kim ___get married last month? 8. You __ talk to your boss about getting a raise, weren't you? 9. thought |____(not) like the book, but | really enjoyed it 10. People start complaining if something wasn't done soon. 56 UNIT6MD ‘cx tne cues to make statements with would. 1. In 1999 Sam thought / be / a lawyer, but he changed his mind. Tn 1994 Sam thought he would be a lawyer, but he changed his mind. 2. When I was young, | believed / study Chinese, but I never did, 3. We were sure / Rick / become / a doctor, but he didn't 4. We didn’t know / we / have so many children, but now we have six! 5. [never thought // get this job, but I did 6. When he was a child, jim thought / be / a firefighter, but he became a teacher instead. MD circie tne etter of the answer that correctly completes each sentence, 1. Did you think you ___ fee! this way about the news? a. would b. were going weren't going 2. I thought we __ to eat dinner inside since it’s getting cold. a. aren't going b. wouldn’t were going 3. No one knew that the product ___ such a success. a. would b. was going to be wasn't going to 4. Bob and Glenn going to wait for us, were they? a. were b. would <. weren't 5. They always thought they _ move someplace warmer, but they didn't. a. wouldn't b. weren't going to < would > MD Wns avout your what tte changes have you made? Complete each sentence in your own way. 1. Iwas going to___________ but 2. I never thought | would but 3. A few years ago, I thought | would _____________ because 4. Five years ago, I thought | would _______at my age. MI watch tne sentences that have similar meanings. Draw a fine. 1. I changed my mind. a. | don't like the same things anymore. 2. My tastes changed. b. I convinced her not to do it 3. I talked her out of it, ¢. I decided to do something else. 4, It’s hard to make a living d. I didn’t meet the requirements. 5. I didn’t pass the exam €, I can’t make a lot of money. Life Plans 87MD ‘ex2 t80 conversation. Answer the questions. Jessica: | should have continued playing the guitar, Joshua: Why do you say that? Jessica: | love music. It makes me so happy. | might have been famous! Joshua: Maybe. But you never know. You might not have liked the lifestyle of a musician. 1. Does Jessica still play the guitar? 2. Does she regret her decision? 3. Is Jessica famous? 4. Does jessica have the lifestyle of a musician? BD complete Stacy's thoughts. circle the correct word. 66 (would vather vegvet the | things that U have done than the things that (have not: 99 —Lucille Ball, American comedienne es ee Source: wivw saidivhat.co.alk | can’t believe what I did! Everyone (1) may / must have laughed so hard when they heard about it—'m sure of it. | (2.) should / must have taken Jason’s good advice. If| had listened to him, 1 3.) would / Me wouldn't have mace such a fool of myselfl And I (4.) should’t / must have left immediately, either. | (S.) might / must have made the situation better by staying there for a little while. | (6.) must not / should not have been thinking clearly. But | just had to leave. Everyone (7.) should / must. Stacy have talked about it afterward. I'm so embarrassed! MBI 0214 the completed paragraph in Exercise 13. Then check the box that answers each question. 1. Did Stacy take Jason's advice? Did Stacy make a mistake? Did Stacy leave immediately? Did Stacy's leaving make the situation worse? van Did everyone talk about it afterward? 58 UNITS Dyes Dyes Dyes Oyes Dyes Ono Ono Cmaybe Ono Ono maybe probably probably Cimaybe CiprobablyABI 28 cach sontence and question. Then check the box that answers the question. 1. "Someone might have heard us talking on the phone.” Did anyone hear them talking? Dhes Ono maybe 2. “Jen, you could have gone with Steve.” Did Jen go with Steve? Dyes Ono probably 3. “We should have invited Rita to come to dinner with us.” Did they invite Rita? Dyes Ono Cmaybe 4. “I must have left my keys at home.” Did she leave her keys at home? Dyes Ono Oprobably 5. “The kids shouldn't have watched that scary movie.” Did the kids watch a scary movie? Oyes Ono Oimaybe 6. "Peter might not have talked to Jill yet.” Did Peter talk to jill yet? Oyes Dno Omaybe wo CHALLENGE. Complete the sentences with a perfect modal and the verb in parentheses. In some cases, more than one answer is possible. |. | shouldn't have left (leave) before I finished my work, but | did. 2, James ______ (take) the job offer, but he didn’t. 3. Bethany _____ (talk) to Dave. | haven't talked to her yet, but she'll tell us tonight. 4, Kelly ___ (get) stuck in traffic. | can’t think of another reason for her to be late. 5. You_____ (sell) your car, but unfortunately, you did. 6. Harry ____ (get) home already, but | doubt it. 7, We ___ (do) anything differently, could we? 6 6 Nobody on his deathbed ever said, ‘I wish I had spent more time at the office.” 9 9 —Paul Tsongas, United States senator and presidential candidate Source: wwrw.zona-pellucida.com MI compicte cach sentence with a word in the box. experience knowledge ~—askill_~—_atalent is an ability that you are born with. is an ability that you learn __ refers to the time a person has spent working at a job in the past. see refers to the understanding of a certain subject. Life Plans 59Read each person's statement. Decide if the person is talking about a talent, a skill, experience, or knowledge. Write your answers on the lines. Thave a good ear for music. I can play any song on the piano after hearing it just once. ve bean a teacher for five years. | also worked asa teacher's assistant when was in college. Tim very familiar with the history of the French Revolution. In fact, | wrote a few articles about it ove to create new dishes, and everyone says Vm an excellent cook GD’ e201 the conversation. Check the skil, ability or experience that each person has. Ms. Pitts: Ms. King: Mr. Warton: Ms. Pitts: Mr. Warton: Ms. King: Mr. Warton: Ms. King: Ms. Pitts: 1. good leadership skills So, we'te looking at three candidates for this job: Simon Clark, Clayton Boyer, and Christina Nelson. Let’s talk about their skills and experiences. Well, was impressed with Christina's leadership skis. She has a lot of leadership experience. That's true, but she doesn’t have knowledge of sales. But she seems to have common sense. She must be able to learn quickly. Well, if we're looking for knowledge of sales, Simon Clark is the best choice. He's been a sales representative for twelve years. But what about other skills? Clayton speaks Spanish, French, and Portuguese. Yes, and he is very artistic, too. But the ability to think logically is more important than artistic ability for this job. And Simon can definitely think logically Okay, let's look at Simon Soa Mea fas [Sica 2. common sense 3. experience in sales |_ 4. good language skills 5. artistic ability 6. logical thinking ability 60 uNIT6MD ead the circled job advertisement. sant emt Check the qualities that are Important Pscent ot /ADMINistrarive Assisraxr 10 DIRECTOR Fane forthe job. “Thisis an exsing oppo orate individual. \\ | SACO y ‘hytsl| The sures alae wl wrk wath eve es Dantistic talent daar | | individuals inthe company. Responses include Word, Por : aging the crestor cena and commitment, msg eee int |! Sed es crvgartedkecoreresanivew "| Pec Di goedconmmunicacen stile fgg, ter ors and ins and supervise cele aministative staff. This position requires 5+ years in a Clexperience in a similar position sete levelexeutvefdmiisativ position. Experience ‘ato rong kroledge in a variety of compute sova Administ Lapeer ee tancal | lenis abo qed iesuccctd cox wal Mtn Ocomputer skills ewoup. || be quickthinking,flenbe, and have commonsense. He/She ‘Small, but snustheve || have strong organizational skills and atenon to deta. | sees mot, Cimathematical ability ted | Hue sila favecnclet land wten, sop years] communication, problem sclving, and projectmanagement /] Succes Ccompassion erequited. | skills Apply ifr tga phnssbeloracon, ‘excellent Ccommon sense (0, ex. 3232-4 Job #0008838. people ski Cmanual dexterity DW a00T vou? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. Whats one of your talents? - What is one of your sills? 2 3. What do you have experience with? 4, What do you know a lot about? Read the article The Five Most Effective Work Habits on page 70 in the Student's Book ag Circle the one item that does not complete the sentence correctly. 1. The five basic habits in the workplace 5. When you stay positive, you a. are common sense a. face challenges better b. help you succeed b. stay focused on your work ¢. should be consistent . succeed in office politics 2. Volunteer for an assignment only when you 6. IFyou see a problem, —_. a. want to learn about it a, don’t mention it to management . have the skills for it b. think about solutions . have the knowledge for it . present the problem and lutions to your boss 3. Always be nice to__. solutions to you a. everyone b. only your manager c. people at levels above you and below you 4, Make a to-do list a. to prioritize your work b. of things you want to accomplish . of urgent tasks for your company Life Plans 61@F ‘e200 article an check al the statements that are true, Then correct te false statements 62 DO a tote oo00go0000g0g PNavawne Creating Your Life Plan “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” ~ Antoine de Saint-Exupéry IF you have goals in your life, but no plan to complete them, you will not be sucessful. That's why in oder to have succes in school, business, and your personal life, you needa ife plan. A plan will help you turn your dreams into realty To create your ie plan, ask yourself two questions: Where am 1 going? How will get there? Where am | going? To answer this question, fllow these steps *+ Create a life map—not an ordinary map, but a map of where you have been in your ie and where those experiences can take you. Wite dawn the important events in your life over the ast few years. You decide what is important. Is diferent for eveyone. For exemple, did you get anew jeb last year that you love? Did you pass an exam? Did you lea something interesting? Did you get marie? To see your life in the future, you should fist look into your past. * Next ook carefully at your ist Do you have regrets? Have your tastes changed overtime? Planing forthe future ‘means making decisions that make you happy and match your interests and talents. Use your past experiences to sat yout goals forthe future. Your life map can help you avoid making the same mistakes or having regrets. * Finally, set your goals to achieve over the next weeks, months, and years How am I going to get there? Once you've decided on your lfe destination, you can stat fllewing your plan. Hete are some tip to help you * Break your lage goals into smaller ones. Almost any goal, no matter how dificult, wil be easier to achieve if you break it down into several smaller goals * Focus on your goals and don't get distracted by unimportant things * Don't give up. You won't be succesful at eveything ight away, s0 you should always ty again, + Make friends It's dificult to succeed if you'r alone, so suppor from good friends is very important, Once you have created your life plan, go forward with t, but aso go back to it. Tastes change. Circumstances change. Don't be afiaid to tailor you fe to changes in your if Insonwarion sounce: ww. ifeoptimizerorg |. A life plan can help you plan your career choices. . Alife map is a list of your daily goals. . Don’t use a life map if you don't have regrets. |. It’s helpful to analyze your past experiences when you plan for the future. . One of the first steps in life planning is to determine what makes you happy. It’s better to have a few big goals than many small goals. 7. Making a life plan helps you listen to others. ‘Once you make a life plan, you should not change it. UNIT 6&F war ss00T your answer the questions in your own way. 1, What are three important experiences you would put on your life map? Why do you think they-an= important? 2. What goals would you like to achieve this year, next year, and in the next five years? How are you going to complete them? Complete the list. My goals for... How am I going to complete them? this year | next year the next five years | Write a paragraph about a difficult work or life decision you have made. Include information about your past plans, how your plans changed, and your regrets. BF circse tne letter of tho best response to each sentence. 1. “Ishould have gone to school instead of taking this job.” a. "You must have changed your mind.” b. “Well, you're stil young.” 2. “Why did you change your plans?” a. “My friends talked me out of it.” b. “You never know.” 3. “Ishould have moved to another city when I had the chance.” a. “Maybe it’s not too late.” b. “You must have moved.” 4, “Ishould have been an artist.” a. "Well, it’s hard to make a living that way.” b. “It could happen to anyone.” 5. "I shouldn't have spent money on that sweater | bought last week. | regret my decisio a. “Maybe you would have hated it.” b. “Maybe it’s not too late to take it back.” Life Plans 63RT TLE eS Selek ysis ‘Answer each question with your own information. Use the correct form or tense for expressing the future. Write complete sentences. 64 1 ‘What will the weather be like tomorrow? What are you going to do this weekend? er When are you going on vacation? or What will probably be your biggest expense next year? oo. What time are you leaving your house tomorrow? Ba What time can we meet on Friday? eo When should | start dinner? Read the conversations. Cross out the incorrect choice. 1 ‘A: Do you want to go to the park later? B: Well, they say itis going to rain / will rain / rains this afternoon. > My car broke down! How will | get to work? | guess I could take / have to take / may take the bus. B: Don’t worry. | am going to take / will take / ht take you. Let’s go. > Do you want to go to the movies tomorrow night? I can't. | am seeing / will see / am going to see a play. You could come / should come / are going to come with me. Let's go to Bloomfield’s this weekend. I need a new pair of shoes. : don’t know . . . Bloomfield’s is having / can have / will have their big sale tomorrow. There are / will be / might be too many people there! The cable's out again! That's it! | am calling / call / am going to call a repairman! B: Go ahead, but it will take / takes /is taking hours for him to get here on the weekend. : We need 100 copies of this report by the end of the week. you make them tomorrow, Frank? B: I'm sorty. | will be / am / can be busy all day tomorrow. you make / Can you make / Do UNIT 6MF ‘e210 tne sentences. are they about future plans or predictions? Check the correct box. future plan prediction 1.'m going to see the doctor tomorrow. a a 2, He'll be a good doctor. a Oo 3. My sister is going to study Spanish in Mexico. a Qo 4. I'm going to buy a new car next year. oOo Oo 5. She's going to be very successful a a 6. The airport will be crowded. oO o MF ve2a the txst sentence in each item. Circle the letter of the sentence that is closest in meaning. 1. I shouldn’t have talked to him. a. | talked to him, but it was a mistake. b. I didn't talk to him, and it was a mistake. 2. We ought to have moved to Chicago. a. We are going to move, but we don’t know when. b. Itwas a good idea to move, but we didn’t do it. wish | had told them what | thought. a. I didn't tell them, and now I regret it. b. | told them, and that was a big mistake. » They should have warned us about the traffic. a. They didn’t know, so they couldn't tell us. b. They knew, but they didn't tell us. Mark wishes he hadn't taken the job in Tokyo. a. He took the job, but it was a bad idea b. He didn’t take the job, and now he regrets it MF ‘owrre cach sentence expressing regret about the past. Use the word in parentheses. > 1, I didn’t go to college, and I regret that decision. (wish) Iwith Lhad gone to college, 2. lordered chicken, but now I'm sorry that | did. (should) 3. Steve borrowed only two books from the library, but a few more would have been better. (ought to) 4. Christina and Mark went skiing for their vacation, but it was a bad choice. (wish) S. Katie ate so many cookies that now she feels sick. (should) 6. Daniel studied law in college, but he'd prefer to be a doctor. (ought to) Life Plans 65WRITING BOOSTER Read the following short biography of the famous female aviator, Amelia Earhart. Choose the correct headings and write them to divide the paragraphs into sections. You will not use all the headings. Headings: ‘Amelia's Education ‘Amelia's Marriage Amelia's Mysterious Disappearance Amelia's Flying Records ‘Amelia's Family Life ‘Amelia's Love of Flying ‘Amelia's Childhood Years Amelia Earhart ‘Amelia Mary Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas. At three years old she went to live with her grandparents who lived fifty miles away. Amelia was a tomboy, and loved snow sledding and climbing trees. She lived with her grandparents until she was ten. At ten she moved back with her parents and her younger sister, Muriel. ‘Amelia saw her fist airplane at the 1908 lowa State Fair. At this fair, there was a stunt-flying exhibition, and it fascinated Amelia. it was here, as she watched these planes twirling and swooshing, that Amelia fell in love with the idea of flying. Amelia actually had to wait thirteen years to take her first ride in a plane, and just six months after that, she bought her first plane. It was bright yellow and she called it Canary. ‘Amelia was very competitive, and entered many flying contests over the next several years. She continually broke the records of other aviators. To mention just a few: In June of 1928, she became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic. In May of 1932, she became the second person to fly solo across the Atlantic 5 From August 24 to 25, 1932, she flew a solo nonstop flight from the west coast of the United States to the east coast, making her the first woman to do that. From April 24 to 25, 1935, she was the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California, At the age of forty, in 1937, Amelia Earhart wanted to be the first woman to fly around the world. She and her navigator took off from Oakland, California, and flew to Miami, then through the Caribbean to Brazil and through Africa to India. After India, they flew to Bangkok, Indonesia, Australia, and then Papua New Guinea. From Papua New Guinea, they flew toward Howard Island, 2,200 miles away. They never arrived, and despite extensive searches, they were never found. No one knows for sure what happened to Amelia and her navigator, but the world knows that ‘Amelia is one of the most important and influential aviators in history. OO ttt Inronmarion source: woww.acepilots,com/earhart him On a separate sheet of paper, write a short biography of someone you know or someone famous. Include information on this person's childhood, family, education, achievements, regrets, or any other information you would like to add. Divide the biography into sections. Include a heading for each section. 66 uNIT6Holidays and Traditions Preview J MD 28 the newspaper ad for an event, Check true or false. ceeateiases Dexter Hotel BN December 31 to welcome the New Year! Here's just some of what you'll enjoy + beginning at 7:00, a five-course dinner planned and prepared by world-famous chef Pierre Raynaud live dinner music performed by pianist Oscar Herman. at 9:00, a two-hour concert starring the Sassies, one ofthe hottest new bands inthe city at 11:00, popular hits and all your favorite dance songs played by DJ “Raging” Robin Collins from radio station WROC + hats and horns passed out at 11:30 a countdown to midnight by DJ “Raging” Robin + perfect view of the fireworks over the Charlton River 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 1 ' 1 ' true false ieee ial oa Qa Qa a Qa Oo Oo ao The ticket includes dinner. ‘Oscar Herman is a radio D]. The Sassies will perform until 11:00. You need to bring your own hats and horns to this event. You can view the fireworks on a large TV screen. Choose an important holiday in your country. Using the ad above as a model, write an ad for a party for the local newspaper. Include the same type of information as the ad above. g&D compete the conversation, Use the words from the box. [get together with it'simpossible mobbed takes place reminds me ‘A: Wow, the airport is __ Why are there so many people here? B: It’s because it’s almost Thanksgiving. I's an important holiday here in the US. AA: Really? What's the holiday for? B: It started asa harvest celebration. t________every year on the fourth Thursday of November. 2 : How do you celebrate it? : People usually __________ their families. That's why to get around. Oh, and the food is great! This holiday is about families . . . and eating! A: It______ of one of our traditional holidays. MD Weis 22007 y0v? Complete the conversation in your own way. Visitor: Tell me about a holiday that you celebrate in your country. OUX Well, one holiday is Visitor: What kind of holiday is it? Its a(n) _________ holiday that takes place in Visitor: How do you celebrate it? OEX well, in my family we usually —__ Visitor: That sounds great! BD complete each sentence with torical, religious, or seasonal. 1. A_________ holiday is a celebration of a particular time of year. 2. On _____holidays, people celebrate something that happened in the past. 3. Aharvest festival is an example ofa__________ holiday. 4, A___ holiday is related to people's beliefs. 68 unit 7MF water cach word withthe correct definition, Use the words from the box. acard acostume the dead fireworks a gift a parade cn pray wish each other well 1, _______: something that you give someone, especially to thank them, or on a special occasion 2, _____:: a public celebration when musical bands, brightly decorated vehicles, etc., move down the street ee ________: dlothes worn by someone to make him or her look like a different person, an animal, etc, _______: to speak to God or gods in order to ask for help or give thanks colorful explosives that people burn when celebrating a special day 4 s. 6, ____: people who have died zi a meal that is prepared at home and then taken outside to be eaten 8 ___: awritten greeting, often with a picture on the front, that you send to people on special occasions ______:: to say that you hope someone will have good luck, @ happy life, etc. MD , = | | | j es staal Act funder ofthe Tats Rep, tabbed Apri Ds Cheers Day nhs county People eo estas and perfomance by chien Cirenrepace the reset rime rintermenbes ofthe Gend NtiorlAsebiy and ters for one dy They ess childern eduesinl Sues ts Low-Tamit or Chiles Day is celebrated in Samoa on White Sunday, the second Sunday in October tis botha religous and ational holiday in Sam, Chien ces alin whit and parade inne fom tallest to shores into chute, Tey perform songs and elgcus plays and cance for ter parents and elatves. Then they retumhome fora f ‘elebraton meal. They are honored y ther parents by being served fest and receiving ats. a Sa 1. In which two countries do children receive gifts on Children’s Day? 2. Inwhich country was Children’s Day traditionally celebrated separately for boys and girls? 3. In which country do children participate in government on Children’s Day? UNIT?4. In which two countries was Children’s Day started by a famous political leader? 5. In which two countries is Children’s Day celebrated on the same date? 6. In which country is Children’s Day both a seasonal holiday and a religious holiday? WHAT ABOUT YOU? Wr your family? What tradit seasonal, or historical? a paragraph about your favorite holiday. When is it? How do you celebrate it in Ins (such as special foods or clothing) are part of this holiday? Is it religious, I Pvxtve events below in the order in which they normally occur. _—— an engagement _— areception _—— ahoneymoon —— awedding F 3 MD ‘opiete cach sentence with the correct word) from the box. bride ‘ceremony engagement got engaged ~=——groom honeymoon newlyweds _—_—reception wedding Neil and Cartie dated for three years before they ____.. They were both so excited, and they announced their ___ immediately. They wanted everyone to know they were going to get married! Today is the ___which will have two parts. First is the ____which is the formal service that will make them legally married. Then comes the real celebration: At the everyone will eat and dance for hours, Holidays and Traditions 73Right now Carrie, the ____is putting on her dress. She isso excited! Neil, the = is pretty excited, too, but he's also really nervous. Tomorrow morning the are going to Tahiti fora seven-day ___. Afterall the stress and excitement of the wedding, they'll need a vacation! ‘The word honeymoon comes from an old Trish tradition. Newlyweds drank wine made from honey for the first month (or moon) after being married. They believed that by doing this, they would have a son within the first year of marriage. Inronmarion source: wwwitishcultureandcustoms.com, MI ve200 te article. Thon circle the letter of the word or phrase that best completes each sentence, RA OAM AISI) ee eee t weddings in many parts of the symbol of eternity. The wedding ring has A weiisicatgeonsgieone one yla ls another wedding rings. These rings love and commitment. remind them of the commitment they made to one another when they got married. They are also a sign to others that they are married Wedding rings have almost, always been worn on the fourth finger, but the hand No one knows for sure how this tradition _i’s wom on depends on started, but there is evidence that it began where you live. In some Jong ago, in ancient Egypt. Coins at that time cultures, people wear their had a hole in the center. An Egyptian groom rings on the left hand, and used to place a coin on his bride's finger to _—in others, they wear them show that he would take care of her. con the right. Inronmarion source: www.our-medding-plans.co.uk 1. Rings are traditionally given __. a. only in Egypt b. during weddings c. just to brides 2. Ancient Egyptian grooms gave their brides __. a. money to buy a ring b. money shaped like aring _¢. arring for every finger 3. Awedding ring is a symbol of __. a. acircle b. eternity . love without end ‘4. Most people wear their wedding rings _. a. on both hands 'b. on the fourth finger . only on the left hand a UNIT 7Reels MF ‘e211 0000 seronce the sentence i correct, wie CI the sentonce Is incorect, wit | and correct 1. Babootie is a traditional food from South Africa who is originally from. Malaysia, ___ 2. Japan is a country that has a lot of festivals. —_ 3. The most expensive trip I took was the one that it went to Antarctica. 4. My best friend is a woman that lives in Brazil. 5. The Grand Hotel is a seaside hotel that everyone likes, MD ‘wourite each tom as one sentence with a reciprocal pronoun. 1. Adam sees Barb and Linus every day. Barb sees Linus every day, too. Adam, Barb and Linus see one another every day. 2. Ms. Heidle waved at Ms. Cook and Ms. Cook waved back at her. 3. Gerry meets Trish for lunch every day. 4, James, Barb, and Jessie were lost. All of them tried to find the others. 5. The employees in my office buy gifts for the other people in the office. MF Ho0se the phrase that correctly completes each sentence 1. Don’t talk to___. a. you b. herself yourself 2. Did he hurt __7 a. herself b. himself . each other 3. You should be really proud of a. her b. herself you 4. She's feeling really sorry for __ right now. a. one another b. myself <. herself 5. I think he should believe in__ more. a. myself b. himself . each other 6. They always see _ on weekends. a. themselves b. they . one another Holidays and Traditions 75MD complete each sentence witha phrase from the box. byherself byhimself by ourselves bythemselves __byyyourself__ eachother | Nobody went with Kate to the movies. She decided to go You can't dance the tango You need a partner. Young children often want to do things _____, even ifit's difficult for them. The players wished ______ good luck before the game. Mrs. Jackson often works very late, so her husband eats dinner — ay keno We decided to do the work ____ instead of paying someone to do it. Circle who or whom and complete the sentences in your own way. 1, Mrs. Reilly ___ is my neighbor who)/ whom moved in __three _years ago. 2. People who / whom talk a lot can be very 3. My friend who / whom lives in_____is a really ________ person. 4. The people who / whom I met when | was in ____ were really 5, _____isa family friend who / whom | have known for a long time. 6. My friend _______is someone who / whom | talk to almost every day. WRITING BOOSTER GF e210 1o sentences. Write the undertined words in the correct column in the chart. Think of other words 76 and add them to the chart. 1. The traditional sweet and salty candy felt so good on my tongue that | closed my eyes in happiness. 2. My ears were filled with the sweet sound of children laughing. ‘ 3, The fragrant odor perfumed the air. 4, The women looked like a rainbow in their many-colored traditional robes. 5. The food was very spicy and rich, and | was reminded of the flavors of Morocco. 6. The banging of the drums in the parade made a sound as loud as thunder. Sight Sound Taste Smell sweet unit 7A simile is a way of describing something by comparing it to something else. Think about your happiest holiday as a child. Then complete the similes below with your own information. Examples: On Children’s Day, | was as happy as a clown. The food was so good | ate like a horse. A: On ees as a 2. On that day, as happy as (ike as excited as ___. [eee fics geet (oe Se ee Look at the photographs. Write a sentence with interesting details about the sounds, sights, smells, and tastes. Re Songkran celebrations—Thailand Independence Day barbeque—Canada Sight: Smell: Sound: Taste: Carnaval parade—Brazil Thanksgiving dinner—United States Sight: Smell: Sound: Taste: Choose one photograph from exercise C. On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph describing the ‘event. Use interesting details to describe what things look like, smell like, sound like, or taste like, Holidays and Traditions 77Inventions and Discoveries Preview J WHAT ABOUT YOU? Think about products that use electronic technology. Complete the chart with some products that you use. | Outside (for entertainment At home At school or work oe ha Sar BD sowisx te top tve products, in oder of importance to you (1 isthe most important) 1 298 Se In 1898 an executive at the U.S. Patent’ Office said that tho office should be closed because everything a hhad already been invented. A (CA patent sa legal document that ghee you the right to make a tor sel anew invention that no one ale is allowed to copy) 5, Ineommarion source: ww. deviclink.com BB cor at ne product you isted as most important. Answer the questions in your own way. 1. Was this product invented before you were bern? 2. When did you begin using it? How would your life be different without it? — 4. How could this product be better? oOo Choose the best response. Circle the letter. 1. “The drive home was brutal.” a. "I know. The traffic was awful” b. “Iknow. The scenery was beautiful” 2. “Did the bugs bother you?” a. "No, [bit the bullet.” b. "Yes, I got eaten alive!” 3. "There were tons of people at the mall.” a. “What a nightmare!” b. "What fun!” 4, “Let's go camping this weekend.” “Sure. My mom won't hear of it”. —_b._ “can’t, My mom won't hear of it.” 5, “Ineed to get my car fixed, but it’s going to cost so much!” ‘a. Well, you'll have to bite the b. Well, you'll have to bite the bullet and pay for it. bullet and not pay for it. 8eoner of a grocery ‘store, invented the | ‘shopping cart in 1937 when he realized he MF ross out the word or phrase that has a diferent meaning from the others, 1. high-tech using new technology _ first-rate. esa wee | 2. offering high quality novel top-of-the-line buy more ¢hings. | 3. innovative high-end revolutionary 4, state-of-the-art cutting-edge high-end | 5. top-of-the-line high-end fast 6. novel revolutionary high-tech 7. innovative first-rate high-end M Inronmarion source: www knowledge-finder.com MF co at tne picture. Ten check the box that answers each question. if it's less than $500, I'l buy it if had enough money, I'd buy it today. yes Is the stereo less than $5007 Does Sally have enough money? Will Sally buy it today? Will Derrick buy it? Does Keith have a new job? Does Tanya like it? Does Rick like it? Is Rick going to buy it? ooo0oo0o0oo00 ooo0000008 oo0000o00g8 Inventions and DiscoveriesoOo Gircle the word or phrase that correctly completes each conditional sentence. 1. This old car would be / is / will be worth more if it were in good condition. 2. Heather wouldn't trust Nathan if they aren‘t / weren't / wouldn't be such good friends. 3. People will have / had / would have a great time if they relax a little bit. A. Ifyou exercise every day, you ‘Il lose / would lose / lost weight. 5, You have to be responsible if you will get / get / got a pet. 6. I wouldn't pay so much for this phone if | don’t think / didn’t think / wouldn't think it was worth it. 7. Ifthe car cost / would cost / costs less, more people would buy it. 8. If you don’t lower your price, people don’t buy / wouldn't buy / won't buy your product. Complete the conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Use the words in parentheses. 1. Ifyou don’t look hard enough, you ___ (not / find) it 2. There are always people at the park if the weather __(be) nice. 3. It’s good to follow the directions if you ___ (nat / want) to get lost. 4, If were you, |______ (not / do) it. 5. They wouldn't try itif they (know) all the risks. 6. If Andrea buys anew car, she _______(not / have) enough money for other things. 7. Ifyou really (want) to do it, you'll make it happen. 8 ifwe (not / be) in such a hurry, we would stop and take pictures. GD \se:the sentences from the box to complete the conversation. 80 | No harm done. If had remembered to take my GPS, we would have been on time. Sorry we're late. It can happen to anyone. 'm ashamed to say we got lost. B: What happened? A: — —————————————————————————— he B: evs et started uniteMD 028 tho statements. Then te Yes or No. “We wouldn't have gotten lost if you had asked for directions.” 1. Did they get lost? Yes No 2. Did she ask for directions? Yes No “If Vd known we were going out to lunch, | wouldn't have brought lunch with me.” 3. Are they going out to lunch? Yes No 4. Did the woman know about the lunch plans? Yes No 5. Did she bring lunch with her? Yes No “if we hadn't bought tickets early, we wouldn't have been able to see Alien Invasion." 6. Did they buy tickets early? Yes No 7. Were they able to see Alien Invasion? Yes No “They wouldn't have been on time if they had taken the & o'clock train.” 8. Were they on time? Yes No 9. Did they take the 8 o'clock train? Yes No MD ) hear, see, and Who s smell your NEEDS BAND favorite programs! MEMBERS This will change WHEN YOU'VE 7 | cooking shows cee 1 feces MAN BAND? 3. high-tech Ol low-tech T efficient 4, Cl wacky C1 state-of-the-art C1 cutting-edge DON’T LET RAINY DAYS EVERY KIDS SLOW YOU DOWN! DREAM COMES Tort emt tt TRUE. ry ckaly buted Just type in the assignment, and out comes your homework! 5. D1 innovative 11 inefficient 11 wacky 6. Cinefficient C1 low-tech C1 top-of-the-line Lesson [Read the article The Printing Press on page 94 in the Student's Book again. Match the inventions and the consequences. Write the letters on the lines, 1. writing by hand a. greatly increased the speed of printing because metal s eens letters could be used more than one time per page b. was more efficient because separate character blocks could Sa OR be re-used many times in many different places instead of 4, ____typecasting carving each page whole c. few books existed, so few people read 4. increased the number of books made because carved print blocks could be inked many times to create a whole page; in this way many copies could be made of each page Inventions and Discoveries 88GD ‘ea ine article. check true, false, or no information. Correct the false statements. aa ~ RUBE GOLDBERG - Of all the wacky inventions people have designed, Rone can compare to the innovative creations of ‘an award-winning cartoonist Rube Goldberg. Rube Goldberg was bom in San Francisco in 1863. He eamed 2 degree in engineering, but he wasn't interested in it. He preferred drawing cartoons that made fun of the changes that were happening in the early twentioth contury, Inthe early 1900s, people were busy creating new machines to help make life easier and get things done faster. The U.S. Patent Office was flooded every year with new inventions for absolutely everything, Rube Goldberg saw the humor and dangers in the new inventions that were changing the lives of ordinary people. And so, for aver fifty years, he drew cartoons that made fun of the new machines. He drew “inventions” that used simple everyday items—ouckets, cups, balls, sticks, eto—connected 10 each other in funny ways to get the simplest task done in many complicated steps. Rube Goldberg ‘00k the simplest task and using the most low-tech technology, made it the most complicated task with high-tech design. His inventions became so famous that his name has been included as a noun in Webster's Dictionary. ‘One invention, for example, was the “Self-Operating Napkin,” which automatically wipes @ person's chin Here's how it works: A person lifts a sounspoon to histher mouth. The spoon pulls a string, which makes a larger spoon throw a cracker to a parrot, The parrot Rube Goldberg (n.) a comically involved, complicated invention, laboriously contrived to perform a simple operation jumps to catch the cracker. The stand, on which the parrot was sitting, falls over and makes bird seeds fall into a bucket. The exira weight in the bucket pulls a string, which lights a lighter. The lighter sets off 2 fire cracker that causes a knife to cut another string. A pendulum that was attached to the string swings back end forth. It has a napkin attached to it, so when it swings, it wipas the person's chin. Thirteen steps. make the chin clean, just by lifting a spoon! Today, in memary of Rube Goldberg, The National Fube Goldberg Machine Contest is held each year. ‘Teams compete to create machines to do the simplest tasks in no less than twenty steps. Recent ‘winning inventions have included a machine to ‘squeeze orange juice, a machine to toast bread, and ‘a machine to turn off an alarm clock. Vv Self-Operating Napkin true false no information 1. In the early twentieth century there were a lot of dangerous inventions Rube Goldberg designed wack He wanted to have his inventions patented. His designs used new technology. The "Self-Operating Napkin” was an efficient tool. Rube Goldberg was serious about his inventions. High-tech inventions that are too complicated are called Rube Goldberg. ‘The inventions sent to The National Rube Goldberg Machine Contest shouldn't take more than twenty steps to complete a task. UNITS ey ie ipa slr PNA E ist ED rETE) het Ted Ee celia egret iThink of an invention that you use. In what ways is it useful to you? How would life be different without it? What do you think people would use or do if that invention had never been created? CHALLENGE, Greate a Rube Goldberg machine that completes a simple task in many complicated steps. Describe the machine on a separate sheet of paper. You can also draw a picture of the machine. Ce ely aid MF compete the sentences with if or unl 1. She's not going to go to Brown University ______ they offer her a big scholarship. I wouldn't say that _____| didn’t have the documents to prove it. | didn’t need the item now, I'd order it online. It’s much cheaper. 2 3 4, Jan doesn’t wear boots ______ they're from this store. 5. Mr. Winston always eats lunch in the park ______it's not raining or cold. 6. they offer her a really high salary, she’s not going to take the job. Read each pair of sentences. Complete the second sentence in each pair with wish + the correct clause so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence. 1. Yesterday, | wanted it to snow. Yesterday, | Wished it would snol 2. I want to arrive early tomorrow. {in early tomorrow. 3. | should have invented the computer. ee he conpite 4. Kevin Moran wants to have a driver's license. Kevin Moran river's license. 5, The doctor wants the patient to start eating more fruits and vegetables. The doctor _ more fruits and vegetables. 6. | shouldn't have eaten so many cookies last nig} po 50 many cookies last night! Inventions and Discoveries 95M&F compete the past unreal conditional sentences, using active or passive forms. 1. Mark is a great student who was chosen to represent the school. If he weren't such a good student, he wouldn't have been choten 2. The house wasn’t damaged by the hurricane, so we didn’t get any insurance money. But if the house we would have gotten some money. 3. The guests aren't dancing because the D} left. Ifthe Dj hadn't left, the guests People aren't looking for the treasure anymore because it's already been discovered. Ifit hadn't yet been discovered, people 5. They're still thinking of a name for the baby, because she hasn't been given one yet. the baby ____________aname, they wouldn’t be thinking of one. 6. Marcia isn’t working for Hunter Corporation because she moved out of the country. If she hadn’t moved out of the country, she ________for Hunter Corporation. ctr Tee tele hy rt '9 GF ‘vo21 ve article. Write the main idea of each paragraph on the line. How to Become an Inventor Many people think that becoming an inventor isa simple process of three steps: having a bright idea, researching the market for the idea, and then selling that idea to a large company. It's not that simple, however, and can often be a time-consuming, difficult process. So let's take a look at what you need to do to become an inventor. Main idea: Every invention starts with an idea, Brainstorm your ideas with colleagues, friends, and family. Fo? any idea they like, do research to check that your idea is original. Decide if you want to protect or patent your idea {rom being copied. Think carefully about this, as you do not want to be an inventor who says, “He wouldn't have been able to steal my idea if had patented it” Main idea: aa So now you have the idea, what's next? Once you settle on the idea for your invention, study the market ‘you want to sel it to. Get to know as much as you can about the customers who will buy your product. Make sure it will be profitable. Main idea: Once you have identified the market for your invention, write a business plan, possibly create a sample of your product, and then go out and try to sell it. This is a challenging stage because you could meet with a lot of rejection. Keep going and don't give up. Do not lose sight of your goal—seeing your product used and. enjoyed by millions. Main idea: UNIT 8Read the two summary paragraphs for the article in Exercise A. Check the one that best summarizes the article, O summary 1: Becoming an inventor is not as easy as it seems. It is a complex process that involves many steps, and takes a lot of time and energy. However, success will more likely come to those inventors who keep positive and never give up. © summary 2: It is a long and time-consuming process to become an inventor. It involves a lot of steps: brainstorming ideas, checking competition, applying for patents, studying the market, writing business plans, and then going out and selling the idea. The latter can be discouraging at times, but inventors need to stay positive and not give up. Read the article, Write the main idea of each paragraph on the line, Then write your own summary paragraph at the end of the article. Global Positioning Systems I you've ever said, “I wish | knew where I was going” or “If only there were some way to find this address” then it may be time to consider buying yourself a Global Positioning System, or GPS. Main idea: Let’s look at some of the uses of a GPS device. Maybe you travel a lot by car and cannot look at a paper map to find your way around. There is a GPS for cars that speaks to you and tells you exactly how to get to your destination. Maybe you're a golfer who has lost his golf ball and you need to. find it on the field. There's a GPS for this. How about you're a runner and want to track your speed, distance, and the courses you run. Well, there's a GPS for this, too. Main idea What kinds of GPS devices are there? Well, GPS devices come in all kinds of shapes and sizes, and are available in a variety of prices. Some are small and can ft into a pocket, and others are waterproof. And for people who don't lke to carry anything extra with them, GPS systems are also available on smart phones. idea: Inventions and Discoveries 87Controversial Issues Preview J GD complete the crossword puzzle. Use the clues below the puzzle to help you. Denmark is the ‘oldest monarchy inthe world, | going back more than 1,000 years. i ounce: wwrw.workindenmark Across s aba S 1. Ina___., one person holds all the political power. 3. Ademocracy, a dictatorship, and a monarchy are three types of 5. A___ establishes the basic laws of a democratic country. 7. An____Isheld so that people can choose someone for an official position. Ps Down 1. In a___, people in the government are elected by citizens, 2. The activities involved with gaining power in a country’s government are called 4. Aking or queen is the head of government in a 6. Citizens in a democracy to choose their leaders. (BD ‘eas: cach pair of sentences. Write “=” ifthe sentences have the same or similar meanings. 38. Write “2” if the meanings are different. 1. Lwon't bring it up. am | won't talk about it. 2. What are you up to these days? ted What are you doing tomorrow? 3. I've been meaning to do it. — It wouldn't be nice to do it 4, It would not be cool. —s It wouldn't be a good idea 5. I tend to talk a lot. es {often talk a lot.305 28007 YoU? Answer the questions in your own way. 1. Which kind of politics interests you most: local, national, or international? Why? 2. How do you learn about politics? LXbooks Cinewspapers [ltetevision Claiscussions 1 other: MI ‘sari tne words in the box. Write them onthe lines, n order. Begin on the lft with the word that describes a person most supportive of change, and finish on the right with the word that describes @ person least supportive of change. | conservative liberal moderate radical reactionary ——— MF Were cach word from the box in Exercise 4 next to its definition below. 1, _______ having reasonable, not extreme political views 2 wanting to avoid all political or social changes 3. wanting political and social changes that give people more freedom 4 wanting extreme political and social changes Si preferring not to risk political or social changes MI ?vx1e conversation in order. Write the number on the line, ___ | hope it's not inappropriate to ask, but are you a bit reactionary? 1 Would you mind if asked you a question? That's a good question! But | feel a little uncomfortable discussing politics these days. I guess you could say that. ___Notat all. What do you want to know? J understand. It's kind of a controversial subject. MD ‘iccie tne word or phrase that correetly completes each sentence 1, We can ask the teacher for advice / advices. 2. Progress have / has been made on this issue. 3. We need to submit our project soon. The time / Time is running out. 4. Even when he's very busy, he won't ask for help / a help. 5. Crime has / have been on the rise in our city for the past two years. Controversial Issues 89MF 026, 020h sentence. ifthe sontence is correct, write C,H the sentence is incorect, write | and corect it. 1. She loves to discuss work, —C_ A career counselor can give you a lot of helpful advices, I There are a lot of news to tell you about! Do you have times to help us?__ He has made a lot of progress with this issue, —__ Good informations are hard to find, Government officials from both sides are meeting to discuss a peace. —__ ‘They organized a conference on children’s health and education. —__ eRPnavaw Money is collected to help familie living in the poverty. 10. Without proofs, the police can‘t arrest him, —_ MD water cach word or phrase withthe correct definition. 1. in favor of a. have a different opinion 2, against b. opposed to, not supporting 3. agree . not right enters) 4. disagree d. have the same opinion 5. wrong e. supporting, thinking How young is too young? something is a good idea “The minimum driving age refers to the youngest age ar which a person can legally obtain a driver’ license, [ere are ge Read each sentence. Write True or False. some minimum driving ages around the world, (Note thatthe ages shown. here are minimums in a country, and in some cases certain states or provinces 2. If an action is prohibited, then itis allowed or ‘may have higher minimum ages) permitted 1. A controversial issue often causes disagreement among people. 3. Ifyou lower something, then you reduce it or make it smaller. 4. If something is compulsory, it is optional. 5. When something is censored, it is not permitted because itis considered by some people to be offensive, 141516 1718 1920.21 22 25 morally harmful, or politically dangerous. 6. To raise something is to move it to a different, Inronmarion souret: www. 2pass.co.uk but equal level. MD 220 cach pair of sentences. Circle the letter of the correct answer in each pair. 1. a, Management requires all employees to attend the meeting. b. Management requires to attend the meeting, 90 UNITS2. a. The organization encourages to vote in the upcoming election. b. The organization encourages everyone to vote in the upcoming election. 3. a. | can'tafford to buy anything extra right now. b. I can’t afford me to buy anything extra right now. 4, a. The city prohibits everyone overnight parking on all major streets. b. The city prohibits overnight parking on all major streets. 5. a. They invited a band to play at their party. b. They invited to play at their party. 6. a. The children can’t wait to open presents. b. The children can’t wait the family to open presents BF complete the sentences with an appropriate object. Write X if an object isn't necessary. 1. She decided ___X_to vote for the liberal candidate. 2. The managers permitted _the workers to leave early on the holiday. 3. He invited to go to the party. 4. Experts encourage ____ to read to children. 5. The police were warning to stay away from the area. 6. Most students can’t afford ______ to buy a lot of luxuries 7. The baby refuses ___to eat peas and carrots. 8. Will you please remind _____ to give me the money tomorrow? 9. Did you agree _____ to participate in the study? 10. Where can I earn ____to knit? MBI) Ww a000T yOu? Complete the sentences in your own way. Use verbs followed by an infinitive or ‘an object and an infinitive. 1. When I was a child, | pretended My school allows — 2 3. If were having a party, invite 4 ._ In my opinion, everyone deserves SUWM Read the article on page 104 in the Student's Book again. Complete the sentences. Circle the letter of the Beeeeee correct answer. 1, Corruption is, a. people taking bribes b. power «. racial discrimination 2. Poverty causes a. people to earn $1.00 a day b. children to die __¢. bad government policies 3. Acts of terrorism are increasing because some people —.. a. are poor use military force _c. watch too much TV Controversial sues 914, Racism is a. natural b. intolerance of others genocide 5. Discrimination leads to b. ethnic groups ¢ unfairness towards others 6. One item not mentioned in the article as a solution to current world problems is a. better education and b. reduction of poverty and ¢. cross-cultural student understanding of others ‘exposing corruption exchanges MF ie21 the biog. Then answer the questions. 92 OO GE al evslimy biog-your biog net MY BLOG-YOUR BLOG Today's topic: Global warming Every day light from the sun warms the earth, causing it to release heat. Gases in the earth's atmosphere— ‘mostly carbon dioxide (CO,)—stop some of the heat from escaping into space so that the earth is kept warm. For the past 10,000 years, this heat has kept the earth at regular ternperatures. However, over the past 100 years, scientists have noticed higher levels of CO,.. More CO, means more heat, which means higher temperatures on earth. We've already seen some consequences of global warming. Nine of the ten warmest "years in history have occurred in the last fifteen years. Ground that has been frozen since the last Ice Age is ‘melting, There are more hurricanes and catastrophic storms than ever before. So, what do YOU think is causing global warming? What, if anything, should we do about it? ost your comment Comments Gloria yesterday, 9:00 A. ‘What's the big deal? The earth is warmer by only 1 degree Fahrenheit. Talk to me when it’s 7 degrees warmer. Brad yesterday, 4 Look at the facts. Higher temperatures have already made the ice in Antarctica melt faster, causing higher sea levels. By 2100, when the temperatures are 7 degrees higher, many coastal areas will be flooded. Skeptical-in-Seattle _yesterday, 10:30 am. Climate has changed many times in the history of our planet. It is only natural. Let's not lose sleep ever it, alright? Kris yesterday, 12:07 ram, {totally disagree! Climate change is natural, but what is happening today is not! Global warming is the fault of everyone who drives car, fies on a plane, builds factories, and cuts trees. All ofthat creates more CO, We must stop damaging our planet for future generations. We must urge our government leaders to control industries that hharm the ar. Reactionary yesterday, 1:13 pa. This whole debate is useless. People who say we need to change the way we live are radicals. The earth Is always warming and cooling, We just need to accept it and learn how to lve in a naturally changing climate. We could, for example, build homes farther away from the water to avoid higher sea levels. Winston yesterday, 2:17 paw. ‘The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported after reviewing the scientific research that it Is more than 90% certain that humans are causing global warming. Gases from cars and factories are causing temperatures to rise. We need to do something before it's too late! Linda yesterday, 2:33 ram. HA! 90% certain leaves 109% uncertain. The IPCC report has lots of errors and is exaggerated. It isn’t only the cars and factories that are causing global warming. What about the changes in the sun’s brightness during its 11-year solar cycle? It causes temperatures to increase. Erupting volcanoes can produce ots of CO, too. UNITS1. What is global warming? What are the effects of global warming? What did the IPCC’s report say? How much has the temperature of the earth increased? What are two possible human causes of global warming? 6. What are two possible natural causes of global warming? OF eas cach statement. Would the blogger agree or disagree with the statement? Circle agree or disagree. Explain your answer. 1. Gloria would agree / disagree with this statement: “Global warming Babee April 22 is Easth Day. I wos fiest established in 1970. The payie dtiliegeballeedeg le 2. Winston would agree / disagree with this statement: “Global warming is a natural event.” 2 ve awareness of emvivenmental 3. Skeptical-in-Seattle would agree / disagree with this statement: “Changes must be made to address global warming.” olen nel enya eee et cet ae Keel pele EUR tcl Fach year on this day pele readies ting 5. Linda would agree / disagree with this statement: sca ea “IPCC is a reliable source for information about global warming,” 4. Kris would agree / disagree with this statement: “Global warming is caused by people.” Source: www.earthday.net MD rive your own response to each statement. Agree or disagree and explain your opinion. 1, Everyone in a democracy should vote. It's their responsibility. GOD. _That's one way to look at it, but I think it’s each person's choice Whether to vote or not: OR Tagree with you on that one. A democracy doesn’t work if people don't participate. 2. Sometimes capital punishment is necessary. 3. All students should be required to wear uniforms to school. You 4. The world would be a better place if all countries were democracies. Controversial Issues 93MI Write a etter to your newspaper eattor presenting your views on one ofthe issues below. = censorship of video games + prohibiting smoking in public places * raising the driving age to 21 + another important issue in this country ee GRAMMAR BOOSTER GF complete each phrase with the correct unit expression from the box. act bowl piece —pot_— slice -——year 1. a(n) ____of news 4, a(n) __ of peace 2. a(n) ___of tea 5. a(n) ____of apple pie 3. a(n) of rice 6. a(n) ____ of violence MJ circle the word or phrase that correctly completes each sentence. 1. Sandra Jensen wanted to work in the government to make sure that justices are / justice is served. People who want to be lawyers study laws / law in school. ; I got my hairs / hair cut at a new salon last week. You shouldn't eat too much sugar / many sugars if you're trying to loose weight, 5. The United Nations works for peaces / peace in countries all over the world. 6. Over time, the light / lights from the sun can change the color of fabrics. 7. Medicine is / Medicines are a very interesting but difficult field 8. In some parts of the world, coffee is / coffees are more popular than tea / teas, MF complete each sentence with a gerund or an infinitive. When either a gerund or an infinitive is correc, fll in the blank with both forms. 1. On weekends, | enjoy —______late, 2. Some people don't ike ________about politics. 3. Jerome decided _______-_ his father’s advice, 4, _______ movies is one of my favorite activities, 5. You should avoid on the phone when you drive ak 6. | would like for the government when | finish college. 94 UNIT 97, —_____is important if you want to make a difference. Vere 8. Nate will continue ________ medicine next year. suey 9. Tom expects _______home by eight. be MV e105 22007 YOU? Complete each sentence in your own way. Use @ gerund or an infinitive. 1. Idon’t mind ____even though a lot of people don’t like it Sometime in my life | would I generally try to avoid When I'm on vacation, | usually feel like In the future, | hope For many people, it’s very difficult to quit If decided . | would have to think about it a lot first. eNanewy I really hate WRITING BOOSTER GF e200 the words and expressions. Circle the ones that introduce contrasting ideas. 1. as... as 2. inmy opinion —_3. in contrast 4, even though, 5. on the other hand 6. nevertheless 7. for instance 8. however 9. on the one hand 10. tome, 11. in favor of 12. no matter what Read the issues listed below. Choose one issue and underline it. Then in the chart, write three arguments in favor of (pros) and three arguments against (cons) the issue. Issues: 7 + Prohibiting students to use cell phones in class + Banning certain books from school libraries ‘+ Censorship of violent movies Pros Cons On a separate sheet of paper, write at least two paragraphs about the issue you chose in Exercise B. Include both the pros and the cons of the issue. Use the expressions for introducing contrasting ideas you identified in Exercise A. Comtroversial Issues 95Beautiful World We Complete the map of South America. Use the information under the map to label the places. Write the letter on the line, ae 2. ATG 1. J VENEIUELA. eusaNA ite g_ SURINAME Beets NUE FRENCH GUIANA ECUADOR AQ BR & oh * fier0 KS) URUGUAY | ARGENTINA ¥ Caracas is the capital city of Venezuela. Rio de Janeiro is a city in Brazil. Brasilia is the capital of Brazil Lake Titicaca is on the border of Bolivia and Peru Bogota is the capital of Colombia The Atlantic Ocean is east of South America me eo MD ok atthe map again and answer the questions. 1. Name the capital of Ecuador. 2. Paramaribo is the capital of which South American country? —___ 3. Name a city in Bolivia that is not the capital city, 4, What is the capital of Uruguay?5. In which mountain range is Santiago located? 6. Buenos Aires is the capital city of which country? 7. Which two South American countries do not share a border with an ocean or sea? and = eae 8M MD 105. 1200 YOU? Name the folowing geographical features of your country. 1. capital city. another city border countries a body of water yawn another geographical feature irele the best response to each question. 1. “Is it worth seeing?” a. "Yes, you should definitely g b. “No, you don’t want to miss it.” 2. “Should we drive up to see Nunobiki Waterfall in Kiwa Town?” a. "No, it’s worth seeing.” b. “Yes, it's spectacular!” 3. “Have you ever seen the volcanoes on Reunion Island?” a. “can't say | have.” b. “What a coincidence!” 4, "Get a look at the mountains while you're there.” a. “Thanks, welll take it sow.” b. “Thanks for the suggestion.” 5. “Is that schedule doable in one week?” a, “It'll be busy, but you can handleit.” “Yes, it’s worth seeing.” GD complete the roading with in, on, or of Portucat Portugal isa nation ______ southwestern Europe, and is ____ the western coast _______ the lberian Peninsula, Spain is both north and west Portugal, which is on the Atlantic Ocean. ‘There are many mountains ranges —_____ the north, but the largest and highest mountain range in the county, Serra da Estrela, is located ___the central region of the country. The capital city Lisbon, s ___ the west coast____ Portugal, It sao located ___ the Tao River, which i the longest river Portugal ‘The city of Porto is located ____the Douro River, which is____ the North BeautifulWorld 97DF 00k at the map. Complete the sentences in your own way. a S A = 3 3 z 5 RUSSIA ies * fod § Samara ss Acsaauc S| Weir g Bevo eNovesibisk * (igs eA oor try is/are southwest of ison is/are located on is/are north of is/are located to “Russia covers 1/8 ofthe earth’ surface and isthe largest county inthe world in terms ofland area? + Russia spans 11 time zones? +The Ural Mountain area natural border between Europe and Asia? Russia has more movle theaters than any other country in the world? *Innorthern pars ofthe country, there are afew day in June when the sun shinesall day and all night? Insonmxvion source: winn.svorldinfozone,com D1, 12007 vou? Deserive the location of your city in relation to some other places Use prepositions of geographical place. a Fe Bo UNIT 10wD i 1 jead each conversation. Answer the question. Check Yes or No. Jeremy: What did you think of the trip to the waterfalls? Erin: I thought it was a waste of time. ‘Should Jeremy go on the trip? O ves Bethany: We might go to Wonder World. Do you think we should go? Carl: Oh, you don't want to miss i Does Carl think Bethany should go to Wonder World? O yes ‘Adam: What do you think of that new science fiction movie? Mark: It’sa must-see. Did Mark like the movie? O ves Chad: Have you heard anything about the newest Las Vegas hotel? Valerie: I hear it’s overrated Does Valerie think the hotel is great? Ores Sarah: fm thinking of taking the train to Pinewood. Have you ever been there? Jennifer: Yes. Be sure to see it Does Jennifer think Sarah should go to Pinewood? Oves complete the conversations in your own way. 1. Your friend: I'm thinking about going on vacation. Do you have any recommendations? 2, GOR Yes! Don't miss Your friend: Why's that? ONo ONo Ono Ono ONo Your friend: What do you think about OD well, | think it’s overrated. Your friend: Really? Why do you say that? You AI complete the sign with the correct words from the box. You will not use al of the words. cave fooay (R) Attention All Hikers: Hiking is great exercise, ond it con be @ lt of fun cliff path But hiking con oso be dangerous _. Folow these nee to soy safe. dangerous rocky ut hiking con oleo be 5. Follow these rules to stay safe eo eee '* Take plenty of food and water. This is a long hike, and it can exhausting steep ee ee Oey, hha iinet een Lancet oliea * Don't ever go info] Animals might be not back before it gets you'll living there, and they'll ight to protect their territory. need it to find your way back. © Be careful if you hike early in the morning. Sometimes '* Be coreful in the winter. The paths con get icy, and its_____ and it can be difficult o see. then they’re really Beautiful Worlda Look at the pictures. Check the sentence that matches each picture. O This path is CO The path is really exhausting. rocky. O The ciiffis O tes really dark. extremely high O tess really dark. very slippery. 1 itcan be quite Wow! This is foggy. steep! MF 00k at the pictures and answer the questions. Use to + an adjective and an infinitive. 1. Why doesn’t he want to go 2. Why can't he read this whole 3. Why isn’t she going to Wear swimming? It’s tee cold _ book today? Cie this dress? to-go swimming. a Y ‘4. Why don't they see Shark 6. Why don’t they keep Attack? walking? 5. Why isn’t he sleeping? 100 = UNIT 10MJ complete the sentences, using oo + an adjective and an infinitive, Add a for phrase where 1. This bag is Teavy me carry 2. The monuments you want to see aren't ee steep 7a 3. Jessica is ‘young Ivete 4. The trip to France is z expensive [my Wands afford 5. This concert is going to be geod Tus miss . rk last night. 6 twas ny homework last nig MBI ‘owrite each par of sentences using too + an infinitive and a for phrase. 1. The path is very slippery. Don’t walk on it. The path is too slippery for you to walk on 2. That sweater is quite expensive, She shouldn't buy it. 3. It’s not very late. You can call Matt now. 4. It’s so hot. | couldn't possibly drink coffee! 5. That movie is very violent. Beverly can’t see it. 6. It’s 9:00, and the movie is at 9:15. We won't get to the theater on time. I site the word or phrase that best completes each conversation. 1. A: Can you tell me the way to the beach? B: Not at all. / Yes, it’s that way. 2. A: Be careful at the beach. The water can be / isn’t really dangerous. B: OK, thanks. 3. A; The undertow is dangerous / too cold. B: I'l be careful. 4. A: You need to be careful B: Thanks for the risk / warning, Beautiful World 101AF abe! the drawing withthe words in the box. Write the correct nouns onthe solid adjectives on the dotted lines. flat forest hilly _—_island_—smountainous_—_valley MD water cach word tothe correct definition or description, ei arid ‘a. an area of lower land between two mountains or hills —— 2. acanyon b. apiece of land that is completely surrounded by water eS isa tlat c. very dry, receiving very little rain : —— 4. aforest d._ a thick forest with many large plants and tall trees growing very eee close together, usually in an area that receives a lot of rain eee e. having a lot of healthy plants Sie f. smooth and level, without higher or lower areas Peery 4g. very impressive a deep valley with very steep sides of rock that usually has a river —— 9% spectacular running through it |. allarge area of land that is covered with trees I W505 200T YOU? Write the names of places you know for each ofthe following natural settings. a spectacular place: ‘a mountainous place: a canyon: an island: yawn an arid place: — 102 © UNIT10MJ waren cacn person tothe sentence that best describes him or her. 1. “I'd like to learn more about the relationships between plants, animals, and the conditions they live in.” 3. “I want to make sure that humans don’t ruin the earth's clean air and water.” __ i. 4, “Ihave a business that sells environmentally-friendly refrigerators and a conditioners.” . This person is interested in the environment. ).This person is interested in preventing pollution. . This person is interested in renewable energy. |. This person is interested in energy efficiency. ose Read the article Choose Clean Energy and Help Curb Global Warming on page 118 in the Student's Book again. Check true, fal or no Information. true false 1. Oil, coal, and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels that increase global warming. o 2. Taking care of your car tires can help the environment, and your budget. 3. Incandescent light bulbs use less electricity than fluorescent bulbs. 4, Foods with pesticides are bad for your health. 5. Global warming is responsible for extreme changes in the weather. 6. Wind and solar power are renewable energy alternatives to fossil fuels a a a a a 2. “I help people find alternative ways to heat their homes.” Beautiful World no Information | o Cy Ra eee oses ee 104 —— 1. Anincrease in CO,. Energy-efficient appliances. Compact fluorescent bulbs, Recycling, Rise in sea levels. anawn People can. Match the beginning of each sentence on the left with the best ending on the right, according to the Information in the Reading on page 118 in the Student's Book, a. causes flooding. b. reduces pollution by 70 to 90%, . contributes to global warming. 4d. take steps to curb global warming, e. save electricity. f. cut down electricity use by 25%. Read about the Rainforest Flyway Company. Then circle the letter of the answer that best completes each sentence, Come. “fly” over the Rainforest Well take your breath away! Located in Cairns, Australia, Rainforest Flyway is a world leader in ecotourism, We take our guests on a breathtaking “flight” over rainforest trees and straight into the heart of the rainforest for an unforgettable ‘experience. UNIT 10 (On the Flyway, youll experience over 7.5 kilometers of living rainforest whilo learning about this spectacular place. ‘Did you know that Australia's rainforests are home to over 43,000 diffrent plant species? And some of the trees hero ere ‘more than 3,000 years old! After this visit youll understand Wy i's 60 Important to preserve the rainforests. And you'l ‘509 that environmentally reeponsible travel can be fun, ‘educational, and breathtaking, Even if you're a word traveler, you've never experienced anything tke the Rainforest Flyway. You'l start your unique Journey above the rainforest, as you “fy” in a comfortable {gondola only a few meters above the trees. Sit tack and {enjoy the extraordinary scenery. You will be amazed at the breathtakingly rch and lush foliage. And rest assured, there Jas no damage done to the rainforest ecoloay during the ‘construction of your gondola. That's why the development of the Flyway took over 40 months to complete! ‘Your gondola wil bring you down into the rainforest ise, where you follow a path to see, hear, and smell he rainforest, environment from the ground. Free tours are available several times a day. Tour guides can point out some unusual plants, [provide you with interesting facts about rainforest ecology, ‘and answer your questions. ‘Your Rainforest Flyway experience lasts 80 minutes and ands in the small town of Kuranda, just 25 kilometers Horthwest of Caims. Here, you can continue your eco-tour with a visit to the protected areas that 2,000 iropical butteries Call home. You can also buy original arts and crafts made by the people of Kuranda, And ifthat isnt enough, you can ‘continue on to the wilifa reserves located a short ‘9 kilometers west of Kuranda to see animals from all parts (of the world, Rainforest Flyway has won numerous awards, including Travel Planet magazine's “Best Ecotourism Destination." Call OF visit us online to make your reservations. Inormarion sounce: ww. skyrail.eom au‘On this trip you can learn about —_. a. some great ecotourism destinations b. tour guides ¢. the ecology of Australia’s rainforests A gondola is a. a rainforest animal bb. a person who leads the tour c. a type of transportation On this trip, guests into the rainforest. a. don't go b. are lowered ©. are raised Rainforest Flyway encourages guests to. a. follow a path to explore the rainforest b. make a new path in the rainforest ¢. take a souvenir from the rainforest Tour guides can a. give you souvenirs b. make reservations for you €. teach you about the rainforest The rainforest has __. a. many types of arts and crafts b. 3,000 different types of plants . 2,000 different types of tropical butterflies BI eas the artice again and answer the questions. AwNS How long is the Rainforest Flyway tour? Who can answer questions about the rainforest? How can you make plans to visit the Rainforest Flyway? ——————______ Where is the wildlife reserve? : GRAMMAR BOOSTER MF oreoct the capitalization . 1 ZI 3, yO INTE YONG. the headquarters of the +#nited ations are located in Rew york éity. the novel dracula, by irish author bram stoker, was first published in great britain in 1897. in canada, thanksgiving is celebrated on the second monday in october. but in the united states, the holiday is celebrated on the fourth thursday of november. the beginning of the middle ages is often called the dark ages. by this time the great civilizations of greece and rome had fallen, and life in europe was very hard. city of god is a brazilian movie about life in one part of rio de janeiro. The movie is in portuguese. Beautiful World 105oOo Complete the sentences. Write the if it's necessary or X if it ist 1. Several international organizations, such as the. World Health Organization, and International Committee of the Red Cross have their headquarters in __ Geneva. This city is in the western part. of ____ Switzerland on __ Lake Geneva. 2, —___ Roman Empire reached its most powerful point in the year 116. At this time, much of Europe, Asia, and parts of ___ Africa were under Rome's control. 3. ____ Caspian Sea is the largest lake in the world. Itis a saltwater lake that is surrounded by —__ Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan, and Russia. The largest fresh water lake is ___ Lake Superior, which is located on the border between ___ Canada and —__ United States. 4, The explorer Marco Polo is often credited with introducing pasta from China to his native country Italy. Although this fact is debatable, itis known that Marco Polo did travel to __ Far East and is responsible for some of the first introductions of eastern culture to __ West. 5. Can you name the tallest mountain in the world? You've probably learned that it's ___ Mount Everest (8,850 meters tall) in ___ Himalaya Mountains. The top of this mountain is the highest point on earth. But did you know that there is another mountain that is actually taller? Its name is __ Mauna Kea, and it’s located in__ Pacific Ocean. This mountain is 9,750 meters tall from its bottom to its top. But since the bottom of this mountain is on the ocean floor, it doesn't reach as high as —— Mount Everest. 6. Gulf of Aqaba is in ___ Middle East. It separates __ Sinai Peninsula, which is part of Egypt, from ___ Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, MF

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