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    manual de rescate vertical

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    90 views23 pages

    Rope Rescue Manual

    Uploaded by

    Gbariel
    manual de rescate vertical

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 23
    ROPE RESCUE MANUAL ‘he information and Mustations contained in ths manval have been gathered rom the CMC Rescue ‘Manual 4" Elton Revised 122013 forthe standardivation and practice of rope rescue during training land.emergency incidents. Not every technique is outned, and not every tye of knot tized; incladng systems. There is a responsibilty inherent to every Rope Rescue Technician; to keep upon 3 tobe abe to quickly andefcienty perform a rescue when called Pur sls to practice them daly ‘spon. Do you have what takes to build a rope system? Are you confident enough to put youre on the line, including others, terally fs, experience and practice will get you to where you want to be. ‘gar to control your feat, and study ope fundamentals every shit Make a diference In your team. INDEX SAE an separ Safety During Training. Gort Ste Up B St HALON ann — Ropes Equipment. JED Approved Rigging & Systems ‘Anchor Selection ARCHOFSYSEME e RPM (Rack, Pulley, Marne sn ge Provection is Communications and Signa : Lowering System Falsing System on. JF Approved Ralsng Systems Pray System Changing from a Lowering to a Ralsng System... Changing from a Raising to Lowering Sytem. Belay St sen i, Internal Pion Ti ona External Patient TI . Tending the Liter a " 2 18 a 35 1s 6 ood 2 Rope Rescue - Special Operations Safety The designated Team Leader (T) isin charge of the special operations team. No matter who iin ‘charge ofthe indent, your TLis stil responsible forte safety of your tean. ‘A minimum of instructor qualified wth Rope Technician level of training shall serve asthe Safety COftice (50) on at trainings, exerczes, and emergency incidents -Asaety factor of shal be utilized for raging and equipment on alltrarng and emergency rescue situations. ATWOEROPESYHER, one the mantine, andthe other isthe bey wil be utilized on al Incidents. For absolutely urgent, time crcl impending fall redundancy cn be bul up to safety a {hat point, The. andthe SO mus gre to this method prior to implementation -Arescu that reqires ropes and rope systems will aays have an element of sk Al rgsing and _systems wl be checked by three diferent people price to use, This procedre shall be Known a the “tile check Concepts 2 System stength— The strength of rope rescue system is essential the strength ofthe weakest nkin the sytem. The strength of ach componentin the system determined by the "ens siength when new, less what age and use have done to weaken It pls the effects ‘caused by ts placement inthe system. See rope logs for more information. 2. Redundancy ~Rope systems ar backed up by another system, Each anchor pont is backed up boy another, nd each primary rope iselayed by another. Ack youre If this part ofthe ystems ‘orthiscomection point in the system fai, what will eatch me?” 3. Umitations ~ There are limitations on how fa you can cary this approach. You can get so «arti avay with 8 backup for eveything that your sytem become: so cumbersome or takes slong trig that tis no longer functional | Belays- ithe failure of the primary support system forthe rescuer subject or both has the potential for injury, abeley system shouldbe wed. **Note: When belaying any subject or rescuer, meke sure that therels no more than 2 fet of Slock Les: slack the bette. This represents the minimum aston the lod wil drop ifthere iso ‘ain ine fal. Safety during Tratning 1. Fear~ People may be genuinely ered of trusting their if to thi rope. Fear can cause ‘mistakes. Identify tom members’ fear and issues with exposure to height. Make sure the team leader is anare ofthese issues. Fears overcome by confidence inthe equipment and their shi, Redrect the focus from height othe fundamentals of rope work. 2 tivelod versus a simulated load ~ Two philosophies on topic ae that one would say that Putting Someone at skis unnecessary and using a manikin in pace achieves the same goal However, many instructors fea that the experience of being inthe patient's positon during straining scenario | ‘svery informative and the valve gained swell worth the minimal sk, Safety on the Edge and on Rappel 1. Edge Safety ~ There shallbe 2 minimum of one person signed tothe edge when a rescueris on rappel. Two —— —— ope shall be assigned othe edge there isto be | Iter operation, Mnbers working the éage must be appel harnesses, ripe checked Fao td at ye, 2. Rappel Safety ~The rescuer shal tie off his figure & descender a Rescue nthe folowing ‘manner iustrated below, ‘The Rescue Rack or Brake arise of inthe manner ae Ot a ERR Rappel Anchor Tis setup shall be the recommended setup forthe Rappel Anchor. you are — setting up an “RPI” every tine, than you “ i wil not miss the required items needed to Sse.up this type of anchor for Rappel Goal To.remove the subject as quickly as possible from his predicament while mining the riskto the rescuersand subject. Size-Up ‘The TL makes contact with who iin cherge. Ostermine how you tea fo the eens pla, receive a thorough briefing onthe situation, note who you will porto, and where the command post willbe located. if you are working with the patient direct, determine wh hasthe medical, responsibity. lfyour team’s medi have higher qualifications, notify the arson ia command and off their assistance. Stabilize and Belay you're working with an agency with lite experience in rope rescue, yourintal concern willbe the following: 1+ Stabilize the subject and establish belays for every person exposedto falling + Check any rigging akeady in place an confirm ti practcal and stable ‘+ Makesure the subject, whether in aliter or nt, has a belay + Start your evacuation plan "Not every agency wil ave the stme expertise rope rescue, Your teamcan be avaliable aset fit ‘ulkly merges into’an ongoing responce in an int Properly and your ability to work together i paramount, nt and professional manner. Communit Ropes & Equipment Ropes ‘Our ropes ae an extremely lowstretch korn mantle rescue Uline constructed of 100% high tenacity polyester fiver. These ropes ae "in diameter, rate for eneral use by NFPA rating criteria and supported loads up to 41 KN (9,217 Ib NFPA also, required 5/8" rope foreach truck. These ropes are too largein diameter fr our pulleys, but are useful or other functions within a system if needed Webbing “Tubular 1” webbingis wnat we cre. Various lengths from 3 to lengths are kept in stock Rating for webbing is sied below. Webbing can be used fora mutt of function inthe ropes arena inching archors, carry straps, internal and estenal patient tens to rescue devices, hasty harnesses self-rescue, and just about anything else you can use ope for JPD Rope Rescue Equipment - Not al equipment may be isted [These comes compl wae Stretcher, ora yon backpnctAowing ares, twostaps horns it | sings vert sn, onelge el eb, sd four reneabe web Pendle Tetras og 1536p non soos | SP diameter. UL Classified to NFPA 1983 FreRescue Hoemess is and ANSIZ359.1 1 Tubular Webbing inVariousvengtne | 400021117848) twarma —[nsmoosen | CAREER: rox seimasien @ remit |p, | Carabiner Anchor tap) 350 (7,868 60) | Pic OH Strap 3540 (7,368) ‘Anchor Pate Stee! ORing 485 (20,0189 L Manufacturer Helmet specifications according to NFPA 1983 Gibbs Ascender | 1140 (2.473 18 Te) = = —— | ® —° —be- IFD Approved Knots - DO NOT USE UNAPPROVED KNOTS IN ANY SYSTEM Mame otot Ao Eien ini ameot ‘love itch er given | Cov ten - fare Water Knot oa a». I ine Kn Double Overhand aaa Fisherman's Knot oe Doubs Oretand Double iexman's woot Tie prussiks for use. baal wth ns oe Doub Finaran's ‘Alpine or Butterfly, fi = Mute tdtoentben ane Ls tty top : Anchor point without ae ne ” ce a Ce ae Mostemmonvised| ifptedensroensnen | EBD — Ps ‘webbing oran anchor strap. Tonsonlets Heh Fa JFD Approved Rigging and Systems “There are many diferent nays tori a syste, te a knot and there "azig shoul be setup or how a system shouldbe bit. The following systems and setupe are approved for use several opinions a to how ‘Anchor Selection Anchors are the foundation of allrope systems. Placing a good anchor sa combination of art and technology. It doesn't matter ifthe rope wil old 9,000 Ib (40K) ifthe anchor wi let go 5890 (0.4), THERE'S NO EASY RULE OF THUMB THAT W/L SUBSITUTE FOR EXPERIE ‘AND JUDGMENT, Anchor Types 1. Simple An anchor with siege anchor po 2. Backed up-An anchor thathae a second ‘tien ne opel ato neh could support the on lea by sal, tey then bakup each thr. ‘ore Prefered method thebecedup nln the toe btu 3. Wrap 2, Pull ~ Acces tees for mebing 4 Wrap 3, Pull2— neste raed 7895 5. Redundant Wrap 2, Pll 1 ~Aceeptedeehigue for webbing rated 9.70018 snd elered method by CM u Anchor Systems 1 Simple Anchor System - 8 fr, the most commanly used. One singe source, with backup hopeful line at a 180 degree angle to minimize any movement ifthe primary should a. 2. Contingency Anchor ~ pictured right) A contingency anchor system allows the quick extractinof 3 person ena rappel ine Great for raining or rescue. Thi anchor system essential tiedoff lowering system already setup to lower a stuck rappel to the ground ‘You will need to plan on having twice as much rope, ‘enough to reach the bottom tice. Fest Anchorthe ‘ope and lower enough to reach the ground, then Fg the rope through the descend and lock ft 3. Load Distributing ~ used wen aster pit ith fet ¥ strength spo teste natn Fie ones pge “AN ‘anchor system that spreads the load among two or more anchor points in roughly equal amounts. In theory, thesystem i slf-equlicng. 8, 90 degree Max keep the system smal in cate one anchor pont fis, ‘thus reducing the shockload that will happen. Keeping each lg tothe ‘tiple anchors ess than 12 inches is good guideline. 1 foot rule. 44. Lomd-Sharing (uid wher singe snc oi with slice teat sppo teste ‘snetoriob, An anchor system of two or mare anchor points with the length ‘ofthe legs adjusted to place an equal load on each anchor point 8, 90degree Max onthe interna angle Load-Sharing Anchor System Fire 1:00 tare eer item Fie Loa Starr nce Sytem 5, Two-Pent toad Distributing System — A quick option there i only two pots ‘wanchor fom, Fue To Pata yt ‘or anchor point so strong that there is no ueston in anyone's mind that it wil support far more than the expected and unexpected loads ofthe rescue system. A very large rock BFA, large tre, bred ‘ruck (GRT, water tank, or anyother immoveable objects ae good examples RPM (Rack, Pulley, and Mariner) ‘This in conjunction with carabineers, prusik cords, and an anchor plate shall makeup the minimum requirements for a system, 1. Anchor Plate 2. Carabiners to attach the following tothe anchor pate: | Rescue Rack with Corabineer-on one sot ', Pulley with Carbineer and Prusik cord attached on one sot ‘© Mariner with Carabiner, Pulley and Prossik cord attached ‘onone sot Edge Protection Rapes som eek re comes ram cating or aban ver nee Th ge percentage oft. aig nei iat fr rope ure wre sets whe the Tope sues abrasion ocd an mpe fond he en oe an FH tege_ We te the Rescue Tech Ege Role on he eft ese ‘eons ope begs adapt potec cr oes om hrs oes “rs rte ae ae enn at ctovertonerstbernaeaicaeeor 2 ‘Communications EMfective team communication san essential element ofa rope rexcue operation, particulely ‘the coordination between the system operators and the tender (orteam leader "1" Verbal Commands ‘+ On Belay: isthe belay ready? + Belay on: Yes, the belay i ready, + Onsystem: the main tine easy ‘+ system on: Yes the main ine i ready, 1+ Down rope: Begin pling rope in + Uprope: Begin pling ropein Faster: increase the rate of movement. 1+ Slows Decrease the ate of movement + Rope fre: Rope is clear and no one i lying on itor support. 1+ Stop: Stop al movement ‘Whistle Signal System + Stop~1 short whistle bast + Up~2short whistle Bass + Down —3 short whistle blasts + Rope Free—4 shor white blasts Help ~Continuous Hand Signals "Note:The person ving signs should be ube usec the subject nd the system. Toke your time in moving the subject ond escuer/s “ Lowering system Givena choice, lowering tothe bottom is aways preferred over raising tothe top. The ystems are simpler the rides smoother andthe loads onthe anchor are less than aasing system, thus ‘equring fewer personnelto operate. The lowering system ean be used with a ite, a rescuer assisting the subject and, appropriate, the subject alone “The lowering system consists of braking device (Rescue Rack} connected to your anchor. Afigure ‘8 descender has been utiized in emergency cases {and was the choice of many inthe past. However, teams were beginning to find that its bility to hold the weight of itr, patient, and tender was border tne, Therefore the Rescue Rack is preferred Raising System ‘A teamof rescuers pling ona mechanical advantage system s the most common means of raisnga iter The load may be liter with patient and one or more tenders patient supported by a rescuer o,f appropriate, just the subject alone, Raising systems are also used to return rescuersto the sid of the road when the slope is too steep to negotiate without ‘rating system can be a simple a9 single rope attached to the load and pulled on bya team ‘of people toa complex combination of pulleys that increase the mechanical advantage (M/A) 10 the point where one person can raise alosd much heavier than his own body weight Pulleys have 2 functions 1. When attached to an anchor Ia “hed” or “change of airetion” 2. ATmoving” or"mechanical advantage pulley” act to increase the M/A of the syste, teeta ptr dee (2) should be protected by a ratchet, The “ratchet” ica rope grab device that attaches to the anchor and holds the rope, so that the oad will nt lower when the paling force is Felease trom the sytem (pg. 142 CMC). as The following are approved ratchets for 4. Prussik ite most common used) 2. Gibbs Ascender — \ “+ 1. 1A M/Acsimple system with ratchet 1 Setup Anchor plat, 3 carabiners, mariner, single ple, 1 prussik, man tine Uf ~I 2. 2:1-simpleIv/A system with change of direction 1. Setup~ Anchor plate 5 carabines; mariner, 2 single ples, 1 prussk, man ine 3. 3 (2Alg)—simple M/A system | Setup Anchor plate 4 carabiners, mariner, 2 single pulleys, 2 prussc, main tne 4. 4:1 simple M/A system with Double pulleys 28. Setup~ Anchor plate or atachment pont, 3 carabiners, marine, 2 dovble pulleys, 1 prusis, man ine, 5. 5:1 (lock & Tacle)- simple /A sytem with Doeble pulleys or 5:1 Complex below. "ete imply ese he tad you hove ck ace) 4.” Setup ~Anchor plate o attachment point, 3carabines, mariner, 2 double alleys, L russes, main ne. b. Used fora portable pick-off pre rig before descenirg forthe pick of. v 5. 6:1~complex system with a2: system pling on a 3:1 system with loads under 500 bt 8. Setup ~Anchor plate, mariner, 6 carabines, mariner, 3 ingle pulls, 3 russ, mainline, and second ine 7. 9:4~complexsystem witha 3:1 (28g) puling on another 3:2, 1 Setup Ancher plate, 6carabiners, marine, single pulleys, 3 prs, main in, 18 1. The Piguybck with ratchet n font or backs acceptable ois used commonly weed for passing knots. 13 Setup Ratchet attachment in back o ron ofthe prussc forthe pggyback system, Piggyback ine, 3 caabiners, 2 single ples, 2 rusts, possibly a Gibbs ascender if avaiable, \ \ ‘Step 1 | step2 sep3 Continue vo raise until | Attach the piggyback system | Continue to raise theknet reachesthe | to theanchorand extend | using the piggyback ratchet and the system is | it out as fa as possible system until there i

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