ɍȾɄ 622.

245

ɉɌɉȼɀɈɈɉɌɍɃ ɊɋɉȽɉȿɅɃ
ɈȻɅɆɉɈɈɉ-ɈȻɊɋȻȽɆɀɈɈɖɐ ɌɅȽȻɁɃɈ
Ɍ Ɏɒɀɍɉɇ ɋȻɂɇɀɋɉȽ ɉɐɋȻɈɈɉɄ ɂɉɈɖ
ɈȻ ɍɀɋɋɃɍɉɋɃɃ ȽɀɋɐɈɀɅȻɇɌɅɉȾɉ
ɇɀɌɍɉɋɉɁȿɀɈɃɚ ɅȻɆɃɄɈɖɐ ɌɉɆɀɄ
ɋ. ȿ. ɑɟɪɧɵɲɨɜ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ:
ɞɨɰɟɧɬ Ʌ. ɇ. Ⱦɨɥɝɢɯ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ȼ. ɉ. Ȼɨɥɨɬɨɜ

ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ

ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɵ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ

ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɛɭɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ȼɟɪɯɧɟɤɚɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟ-
ɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ (ȼɄɆɄɋ).
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɛɭɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɹɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɫ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ȼɄɆɄɋ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɬɚɤ
ɤɚɤ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɬɨɥɳɚɦɢ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ
ɧɟɮɬɹɧɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɧɵɦɢ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɨɛɴ-
ɟɦɚɦɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ 70 ɦɥɧ ɬɨɧɧ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ
ɧɟɮɬɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɦɢ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶ-
ɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ, ɦɢɧɭɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɵ.
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɤɪɢɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨ-
ɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɟɮɬɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɥɚɫɬɵ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ
ɩɨɞ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɬɨɥɳɚɦɢ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ
ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɨɬ 4 ɮɟɜɪɚɥɹ 2002 ɝɨɞɚ, ɨɛ
ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɜɨɟ-
ɧɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɹɯ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ
ɫɨɥɟɣ [1], ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ:

137
 - ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɥɢɤɚ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɝɥɭ-
ɛɨɤɢɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ (ɤɭɫɬɨɜ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ), ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ-
ɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ, ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 500 ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɨ
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ;
- ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 300 ɦɟɬɪɨɜ
ɧɢɠɟ ɩɨɞɨɲɜɵ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
800 ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɧɢɠɟ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɨɣ ɡɚɥɟɠɢ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɨɦ
ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢ ɪɹɞ
ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ:
Ⱥi – ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ i-ɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ;
L – ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ;
ɇ – ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ;
L = 500 ɦ;
ɇ1 = ɇɤɪ. + 800, ɦ;
ɇ2 = ɇɩɨɞ. + 300, ɦ,
ɝɞɟ: ɇɤɪ. – ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɧ-
ɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢ, ɦ;
ɇɩɨɞ. – ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɨɲɜɵ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɚ-
ɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢ, ɦ.
ȼɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨ-
ɧɵ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ: ɇ1 ɢ ɇ2. ɂ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ
ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢ-
ɧɵ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ, ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɢɩɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ:
ɞɥɹ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ
Ⱥi ɇ ˜ tgși
ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ
Ai Ri ˜  ɫosși  ɫosși 1  ,
ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ
Ai Ri ˜  ɫosȖi  ɫosși  ,
ɝɞɟ și – ɡɟɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ i-ɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ;
Ji – ɭɝɨɥ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ i-ɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ.

138
ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ
I i ˜ li
Ti Ti 1  ,
10
l ˜180
Ji Ti  i ,
S ˜ Ri
ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ
I i ˜ li
Ti Ti 1  ,
10
l ˜180
Ji Ti  i ,
S ˜ Ri
ɞɥɹ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ
și = și-1
ɝɞɟ li – ɞɥɢɧɚ i-ɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ (ɢɡ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ
ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ);
Ri – ɪɚɞɢɭɫ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɧɚ i-ɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ:
180 ˜10
Ri ,
S ˜ Ii
ɝɞɟ Ii – ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ/ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɧɚ i-ɦ ɭɱɚ-
ɫɬɤɟ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ, (ɢɡ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɪɨ-
ɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ).
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ:
Ⱥ = ȈȺi.
ɍɫɬɶɟ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɨɦ
ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬ ɞɧɟɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɞɨ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɇ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ:
ȼ – Ⱥ > 0,
ɝɞɟ ȼ – ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɶɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɞɨ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ.
139
 ɗɬɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɜɚɠɢ-
ɧɵ, ɡɚɞɚɜ ɧɚɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ȼ, ɜ ɫɥɭ-
ɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɶɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟ-
ɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ.
ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ
ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɤɪɢɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɧɚ-
ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ.
ɒɢɪɢɧɚ ɨɯ-
ɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ

Ɋɩɥɫɩɝɨɛɺ ɥɛɧɠɨɨɛɺ
ɬɩɦɷ

ɇ L=500 ɦ. Ɋɫɩɟɮɥɭɣɝɨɛɺ ɭɩɦɴɛ

ɥɛɦɣɤɨɶɰ ɬɩɦɠɤ

• 800 ɦ
Ɋɩɟɬɭɣɦɛɹɴɛɺ ɥɛɧɠɨ-
ɨɛɺ ɬɩɦɷ

• 300 ɦ

Ɋɢɫ. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ

ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɤɪɢɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧ ɜɵɛɨɪ, ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟ-

ɧɢɟ 9-ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ
ɞɥɹ ɜɫɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɜ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɞ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɬɨɥɳɚɦɢ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ: 1 – ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ;
2 – ɧɚɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 3 – ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ; 4 –
140
ɞɨɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 5 – ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 6 – ɞɨɛɨɪ
ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 7 – ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 8 – ɞɨɛɨɪ ɡɟ-
ɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ; 9 – ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ-
ɞɢɥɫɹ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ [2].
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ.
ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ: H – ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɦ; l –
ɞɥɢɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɦ; A – ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɦ; R – ɪɚɞɢɭɫ
ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɦ; T – ɡɟɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚ-
ɥɚ, q; J – ɭɝɨɥ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ, ɝɪɚɞ.
ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ: 1) ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ
ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ 1895 ɦ; 2) ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 949 ɦ; 3) ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ
ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢ, 325 ɦ;
4) ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɨɲɜɵ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨ-
ɥɢ, 596 ɦ; 5) ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ, 710 ɦ.
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ:
ɇ1 = ɇɤɪ. + 800 = 325 + 800 = 1125 ɦ,
ɇ2 = ɇɩɨɞ. + 300 = 596 + 300 = 896 ɦ.
ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɇ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ
ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ: ɇ = 1125 ɦ, ɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦ ɩɪɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ, ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɞɚɧ-
ɧɨɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ:
I ˜l 0, 2 ˜ 75, 4
Ti Ti 1  i i 35, 76  34, 25q;
10 10
l ˜180 75, 4 ˜ 180
J i Ti  i 34.25  32, 74q;
S ˜ Ri 3,14 ˜ 2864, 79
Ai Ri ˜  ɫosȖi  ɫosTi 

2864, 79  ɫos32, 74  ɫos34, 25  41, 7 ɦ.

ɋɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ
1125 ɦ:
Ⱥ = ȈȺi = 1,4 + 7,67 + 5,75 + 13,81 + 70,95 + 41,7 = 141,3 ɦ.

141
 ɋɠɢɮɦɷɭɛɭɶ ɫɛɬɲɠɭɛ ɪɫɩɠɥɭɨɩɞɩ ɪɫɩɯɣɦɺ ɬɭɝɩɦɛ ɨɛɥɦɩɨɨɩ-ɨɛɪɫɛɝɦɠɨɨɩɤ ɬɥɝɛɡɣɨɶ
ɬ ɮɬɦɩɝɨɩ ɞɩɫɣɢɩɨɭɛɦɷɨɶɧ ɮɲɛɬɭɥɩɧ

Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɩɨ ɫɬɜɨɥɭ, ɦ
ʋ ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ H (ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ), ɦ A, ɦ ș,û R, ɦ ȈH, ɦ
ɨɬ ɞɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ
1 ȼɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ 0 250 250 250 0 0 - 250
2 ɇɚɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 250 290 40 39,97 1,4 4 572,96 289,97
3 ɇɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɣ 290 400 110 109,73 7,67 4 - 399,7
4 Ⱦɨɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 400 460 60 59,72 5,75 7 1145,9 459,42
5 ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 460 734 274 273,68 13,81 4,26 5729,6 733,1
6 Ⱦɨɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 734 944 210 194,85 70,95 35,76 381,97 927,95
7 ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 944 1774 830 812,29 155,83 19,16 2864,8 1740,2
8 Ⱦɨɛɨɪ ɡɟɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ 1774 2029 255 141,66 193,76 88,5 210,97 1881,9
9 Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ 2029 2529 500 13,1 499,83 88,5 - 1895
10 Ɂɚɛɨɣ 2529 88,5
¦ 1895 949
 ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɶɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɞɨ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɇ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ:
ȼ – Ⱥ > 0,
ȼ > 141,3 ɦ.
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɥɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɜɨɥɨɦ
ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɨɯɪɚɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɭɫɬɶɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨ-
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ
ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ȼ, ɪɚɜɧɨɦ
141,3 ɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ.

ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
1. Ȼɭɪɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ: ɫɩɪɚ-
ɜɨɱɧɢɤ / Ⱥ. Ƚ. Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɧ [ɢ ɞɪ.]. – Ɇ.: ɇɟɞɪɚ, 1997.
2. ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧ-
ɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɨɬ 4 ɮɟɜɪɚɥɹ 2002 ɝ. ʋ 8. Ɂɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɨ ɜ Ɇɢɧɸɫɬɟ ɊɎ 26 ɮɟɜɪɚɥɹ 2002 ɝ. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ
ʋ 3272. «Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨ-
ɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɹɯ ɡɚɥɟɝɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɤɚɥɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ». – Ɇ., 2002.

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ 08.12.06.

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