Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BW PDF
BW PDF
7[PL \PX\Y[
c<PL]^[P\
d0JIC NAINEIC @ENO=I?A PK OJ w1
drr OTKAN JB KMJ@P?ON
i3KOE?=G =SEN z rpotpHHl 6AINEIC DAECDO z qrpVytpHHj
d.I?MA=NA@ NAINEIC NO=>EGEOT >T HEIEHEUEIC ODA IJI NAINEIC =MA=
d*=NT E@AIOEBE?=OEJI JB ODA NE@Al BMJIO =I@ GJIC @ENO=I?A REOD
DECD GPHEI=I?A OREI JKAM=OEJI EI@E?=OJMN
d.I?GP@AN NAGBm@E=CIJNEN BPI?OEJIl HPOP=G EIOAMBAMAI?A KMJQAIOEJI
BPI?OEJIl ASOAMI=G @E=CIJNEN BPI?OEJIn
d4JGENDA@ @ANECI h NGEH NEUAi9rxnvq-rrnvq0YHHj
d.4vu M=OA@ R=OAMKMJJB NOMP?OPMA i.*} NO=I@=M@j
cHZPNTQTNL]TYX\
LNL deZc 8K0.+.4 8K0.+0. 8K0.+10 8K0.+22 8K2.+.2 8K2.+/. 8K2.+/3 8K2.+00
XdaaZXidg djieji 8K0.+/0 8K0.+02 8K0.+13 8K0.+24 8K2.+.3 8K2.+/0 8K2.+/4 8K2.+02
+PiVcYVgY ineZ, 8K0.+/3 8K0.+04 8K0.+2. 8K2.+.4 8K2.+/2 8K2.+0.
KdYZa
8K0.+.4F 8K0.+0.F 8K0.+10F 8K0.+22F 8K2.+.2F 8K2.+/.F 8K2.+/3F 8K2.+00F
NLN deZc
8K0.+/0F 8K0.+02F 8K0.+13F 8K0.+24F 8K2.+.3F 8K2.+/0F 8K2.+/4F 8K2.+02F
XdaaZXidg djieji
8K0.+/3F 8K0.+04F 8K0.+2.F 8K2.+.4F 8K2.+/2F 8K2.+0.F
PZch^c\ ineZ 7M=INHEOOA@ >A=H OTKA
PZch^c\ Y^hiVcXZ pnq V wH
PZch^c\ iVg\Zi 3K=LPA H=OAME=GN JB HEIndspHH 3K=LPA H=OAME=GN JB HEIndupHH
Mei^XVa Vm^h e^iX] rpHH tpHH
LjbWZg d[ dei^XVa Vm^h xVtxK?N tVrtK?N
PZch^c\ l^Yi] qtpVytpHH qrpVyrpHH
NdlZg hjeean qrmrt8~} Wqpgi5EKKGA 4m4z1=Sn qpgj
NgdiZXi^dc X^gXj^i 5AQAMNA KJG=MEOT KMJOA?OEJI
BjggZci Xdchjbei^dc *HEOOAM z 1=Sn xpH{l 5A?AEQAM z 1=Sn xpH{
h242 JKAI ?JGGA?OJM JPOKPO [ 0J=@ QJGO=CAz1=Sn sp8~}l 0J=@ ?PMMAIOz1=Sn qppH{l
Bdcigda djieji 5ANE@P=G QJGO=CAz1=Sn q8~}
h424 JKAI ?JGGA?OJM JPOKPO [ 0J=@ ?PMMAIOz1=Sn qppH{l 3POKPO QJGO=CAz1EIni4JRAM NPKKGTmrnuj8~}
MeZgVi^dc bdYZ 0ECDO 32 JIGT
P]dgi/X^gXj^i egdiZXi^dc .I?GP@AN
OZhedchZ i^bZ 1=Sn qrHN
J^\]i hdjgXZ .IBM=MA@ 0*~ixupIH HJ@PG=OA@j
PncX]gdc^oVi^dc ineZ 7EHEIC HAODJ@ >T NTI?DMJIJPN GEIA
PZa[/Y^V\cdh^h {H>EAIO GECDO HJIEOJMEICl *HEOOAMo5A?AEQAM GECDO ?EM?PEO HJIEOJMEICl 3POKPO ?EM?PEO HJIEOJMEIC
HciZg[ZgZcXZ egdiZXi^dc .IOAMBAMAI?A KMJOA?OEJI >T H=NOAMoNG=QA BPI?OEJI
@bW^Zci iZbeZgVijgZ mqp V kuuXi=O IJImBMAAUEIC NO=OPNj
PidgV\Z iZbeZgVijgZ mrp V kvpX
@bW^Zci ]jb^Y^in su V xug5-
PidgV\Z ]jb^Y^in su V xug5-
@bW^Zci ^aajb^cVi^dc 6PIGECDO z 1=Sn qplppp l .I?=I@AN?AIO G=HK z 1=Sn slppp
Ld^hZ higZc\i] 7DA NLP=MA R=QA IJENA >T ODA IJENA NEHPG=OJMi8JGO=CAzWrtp8l 4AMEJ@zqpHNl 4PGNA RE@ODzq]j
C^ZaZXig^X higZc\i] qlppp8{} upovp-U BJM qHEIPOA
HchjaVi^dc gZh^hiVcXZ 1EIn rp1^iupp8~} HAC=j
S^WgVi^dc qnuHH =HKGEOP@A =O BMALPAI?T JB qp V uu-U EI A=?D JB :l ;l < @EMA?OEJIN BJM r DJPMN
P]dX` uppHoNeiup,j EI :l ;l < @EMA?OEJIN BJM s OEHAN
NgdiZXi^dc .4vui.*} NO=I@=M@j
KViZg^Va h|J@T z {GPHEIPH h+MJIO ?JQAMl 0AIN z {?MTGE?
@XXZhhdgn |M=?FAO { z t*{l |M=?FAO | z t*{l |JGO z x*{
Rc^i lZ^\]i {KKMJSn qntFCi+JM tx JKOE?=G =SENj
I/89
7[PL HPX\Y[
c<PL]^[P OL]L
~7*
9Y^X]P[
NVgVaaZa h]^[i^c\ X]VgVXiZg^hi^X @c\aZ X]VgVXiZg^hi^X
KZVhjg^c\ bZi]dY CViV KZVhjg^c\ bZi]dY CViV
32 : ~8*
ITWP[
:
PZch^c\ Y^hiVcXZ J+b,
J
6
J
~:*
4
FY`P[
Db^iiZg 4 Db^iiZg NYX][YVVP[
522 422 322 2 322 422 522 52r 42r 32r 2 32r 42r 52r ~;*
FLXPV
JZ[i w BZciZg v O^\]i JZ[i w BZciZg v O^\]i
WP]P[
MeZgVi^dc edh^i^dcx +bb, MeZgVi^dc Vc\aZ\
~<*
ILNSY-
c:TWPX\TYX\ HZPPO-
F^V\P
WP]P[
5;WT]]P[6 5GPNPT_P[6
4:08 4:08
~=*
:T\ZVLb
4408 4408 ^XT]
32
Mei^XVa Vm^h
~>*
HPX\Y[
NYX][YVVP[
322 KdYZa B+bb, KdYZa B+bb,
AT42/2:+N, AT42/54+N,
382bb 862bb ~?*
AT62/26+N, AT62/38+N, H`T]NSTXR
Mei^XVa Vm^h AT42/34+N, AT42/58+N, ZY`P[
462bb 942bb \^ZZVb
MeZgVi^dc B
AT62/28+N, AT62/3:+N,
^cY^XVidg
AT42/38+N, AT42/62+N,
AT62 PZg^Zh 542bb :22bb ~@*
Mei^XVa Vm^h 62 AT42 PZg^Zh AT62/2:+N, AT62/42+N, F[YaTWT]b
42 Mei^XVa Vm^h \PX\Y[
e^iX] AT42/42+N, AT42/66+N,
e^iX] 622bb ::2bb
82 AT62/32+N, AT62/44+N,
~A*
32 AT42/46+N, AT42/6:+N, FSY]Y
6:2bb ;82bb
AT62/34+N, AT62/46+N, PVPN][TN
y7 BVWaZ \PX\Y[
AT42/4:+N,
K34 522 782bb
+Rc^i<bb, AT62/36+N,
~B*
F[P\\^[P
\PX\Y[
O309 O309
~D*
H]PZZTXR
; 38
WY]Y[ }
:[T_P[ }
47r
9YX][YVVP[
3;
4807 i>4
~E*
3: y42
=[LZSTN
ZLXPV
K6 Adai
38 K6 Adai 32
7
~F*
F[YO^N]TYX
\]YZZLRP
37
37
WYOPV\ }
+Rc^i<bb, [PZVLNPWPX]
I/8:
8K HP[TP\
c?XZ^]-E^]Z^] NT[N^T] LXO NYXXPN]TYX OTLR[LW
dDFD YZPX NYVVPN]Y[ Y^]Z^] ]bZP dFDF YZPX NYVVPN]Y[ Y^]Z^] ]bZP
-S+Agdlc, -S+Agdlc,
3 3
34/46SCB
34/46SCB
PULB+T]^iZ, - -
PULB+T]^iZ,
KV^c X^gXj^i
KV^c X^gXj^i
;WT]]P[
4 4
;WT]]P[
/ /
QDPQ+AaVX`, QDPQ+AaVX`,
6 6
2S+AajZ, 2S+AajZ,
5 5
-S+Agdlc, -S+Agdlc,
3 3
PULB+T]^iZ, MkZgXjggZci
4 egdiZXi^dc
KV^c X^gXj^i
KV^c X^gXj^i
GPNPT_P[
bdc^idg^c\ MRQ+AaVX`, PULB+T]^iZ,
6 JdVY 4
[jcXi^dc
cH][^N]^[P
ReeZg deZgVi^dc ^cY^XVidg ^h hZi VYY^i^dcVaan. ^c XVhZ
i]Z cjbWZg d[ i]Z dei^XVa VmZh ^h bdgZ i]Vc 46eXh ^c
AT42/PZg^Zh VcY bdgZ i]Vc 34eXh ^c AT62/PZg^Zh0
;WT]]P[ GPNPT_P[
=MeZgVi^dc ^cY^XVidg ?
JDC Xdadg Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg
FgZZc NMTDO ML
FgZZc UZaadl OZY UZaadl FgZZc UZaadl QDPQ+K1P, RLPQ@AJD
OZY MEE
=T^g^c\ BdccZXi^dc ?
N^c Ld BVWaZ Xdadg Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg
/ /
3 Agdlc 34/46SCB 34/46SCB
0 0
4 T]^iZ PULB PULB
1 2 1 2
5 AajZ 2S 2S
6 AaVX` QDPQ+K1P, MRQ
I/8;
7[PL HPX\Y[
c8[LNUP] WY^X]TXR
~7*
dAgVX`Zi @ dAgVX`Zi A 9Y^X]P[
~8*
ITWP[
~9*
IPWZ,
NYX][YVVP[
~:*
cEZ]TNLV LaT\ ZT]NS-D^WMP[ YQ YZ]TNLV LaT\-HPX\TXR SPTRS] FY`P[
NYX][YVVP[
G^\]
PiVWaZ a^\]i ML VgZV ~A*
ML JZkZa FSY]Y
PVPN][TN
\PX\Y[
RchiVWaZ a^\]i ML aZkZa MEE JZkZa
~F*
F[YO^N]TYX
\]YZZLRP
WYOPV\ }
[PZVLNPWPX]
I/92
8K HP[TP\
c<^XN]TYX
tPide igVchb^hh^dc [jcXi^dc+DmiZgcVa Y^V\cdh^h dK@PQDO1PJ@SD XdccZXi^dch
[jcXi^dc, =LNL deZc XdaaZXidg djieji ? =NLN deZc XdaaZXidg djieji ?
7DA OM=INHENNEJI REGG >A NOJKKA@ =I@ TAGGJR 0*~ EN C7HI;G C7HI;G
BG=NDA@ EB NPKKGTEIC p8 OJ OANO EIKPO JI ODA AHEOOAMn Agdlc Agdlc
-S -S
T]^iZ T]^iZ
.O EN BJM ?DA?FEIC H=GBPI?OEJI JB ODA NAINJMN @PMEIC PULB - PULB -
Db^iiZg
Db^iiZg
/ /
7*67 EIKPO JI ODA AHEOOAM EN p8n i}JIOMJG JPOKPO JB QDPQ AaVX` QDPQ AaVX`
ODA MA?AEQAM EN 3++ =N EO >A?JHAN GECDO ?PO JBB RDAI +K1P, +K1P,
AajZ AajZ
2S 2S
ODA OM=INHENNEJI EN NOJKKA@nj
Agdlc Agdlc
dBdccZXi^dch [dg QDPQ ^ceji -S -S
T]^iZ T]^iZ
OZXZ^kZg
OZXZ^kZg
PULB PULB
SXX +Edg XdciVXi +Edg hda^Y hiViZ
gZaVn, gZaVn, QDPQ AaVX` QDPQ AaVX`
Hceji eVgi JdVY
+K1P, JdVY
KV^c X^gX^i
+K1P,
;WT]]P[
dg
FLC 2S+AajZ,
5 HB7J; HB7J;
Agdlc Agdlc
-S -S
T]^iZ T]^iZ
dBdcigda djieji ejahZ Wn QDPQ ^ceji
PULB PULB
Db^iiZg
Db^iiZg
Db^iiZg QDPQ MeZc AaVX` AaVX`
QDPQ QDPQ
+AaVX`, +K1P, +K1P,
ML+2S, AajZ AajZ
Q3 Q3 Q3?>72bh 2S 2S
Agdlc Agdlc
OZXZ^kZg MRQ ML Q4 Q4 -S -S
+AaVX`, MEE T]^iZ T]^iZ
OZXZ^kZg
OZXZ^kZg
PULB PULB
Q4?>42bh
QDPQ AaVX` QDPQ AaVX`
+K1P, JdVY JdVY
+K1P,
DY[WLV 7MXY[WLV AajZ AajZ
2S 2S
tPZa[/Y^V\cdh^h [jcXi^dc
}JIOMJG JPOKPO REGG >A 3++ =I@ JKAM=OEIC EI@E?=OJM EN
32 RDAI H=GBPI?OEJI EN ?DA?FA@ >T NAGBm@E=CIJNEN c?X\]LVVL]TYX
MACPG=MGT EI IJMH=G JKAM=OEJIn tEdg Y^gZXi^dc d[ ^chiVaaVi^dc
d~E=CIJNEN EOAHN *HEOOAM =I@ MA?AEQAM NDJPG@ >A EINO=GGA@ EI N=HA
h*HEOOAM z _|MA=F JB GECDO AHEOOEIC AGAHAIO PKo@JRI @EMA?OEJIn
`|MA=F JB GECDO AHEOOEIC ?EM?PEO Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg
a1=GBPI?OEJI JB 1{67*5o60{8*
GEIAi3KAM=OEJI EI 1{67*5j
h5A?AEQAM z _|MA=F JB GECDO MA?AEQEIC ?EM?PEO
`|MA=F JB JPOKPO ?EM?PEO
a3QAM?PMMAIO =O JPOKPO K=MO
tEdg gZ[aZXi^dc [gdb i]Z hjg[VXZ d[ lVaa VcY [aVi
b6TI?DMJIJPN GEIA H=GBPI?OEJI 9DAI EINO=GGEIC EO =N >AGJR ODA GECDO MABGA?OA@ BMJH
c*SOM=IAJPN GECDO MA?AEQA@ ODA NPMB=?A JB R=GG =I@ BG=O REGG IJO >A ND=@A@n
4GA=NAl ?DA?F RDAODAM EO JKAM=OAN IJMH=GGT JM IJO
d5ABAM OJ /mwrl fZ3KAM=OEJI EI@E?=OJMf BJM ODA
REOD = NAINEIC O=MCAO >ABJMA PNEICn
@ENKG=T JKAM=OEJI JB @E=CIJNENn
i.IOAMQ=G @ENO=I?A z 1EIn pnuHj
tHciZg[ZgZcXZ egdiZXi^dc [jcXi^dc Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg PZch^c\ iVg\Zi
Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg
r NAINJMN =MA PNA@ EI K=M=GGAG EI JM@AM OJ ASOAI@
PZch^c\ iVg\Zi OZ[aZXi^c\
NAINEIC RE@ODl ODA @AOA?OEJI REGG >A B=EGPMA >A?=PNA OZ[aZXi^c\ a^\]i
=N GECDO EIOAMBAMAI?An a^\]i
I/93
7[PL HPX\Y[
=J^\]i Zb^ii^c\ Y^gZXi^dc h]djaY WZ deedh^iZ WZilZZc 4 hZih ?
c?X\ZPN]TYX-HYV^]TYX QY[ WLVQ^XN]TYX
OZXZ^kZg3 Db^iiZg3 Db^iiZg4 OZXZ^kZg4 Db^iiZg3 OZXZ^kZg3
~7*
KVa[jcXi^dc BVji^dc Pdaji^dc 9Y^X]P[
NdlZg Pjeean gViZY edlZg
BVWaZ Y^hXdccZXi^dc.
B]ZX` i]Z l^g^c\
Ldc/deZgVi^dc ^cXdggZXi XdccZXi^dc
Db^iiZg3 OZXZ^kZg3 Db^iiZg4 OZXZ^kZg4 ~8*
RhZ l^i]^c gViZY ITWP[
OViZY XdccZXi^dc [V^ajgZ
hZch^c\ Y^hiVcXZ
HPX\Y[
Db^iiZg4 OZXZ^kZg4 Bdcigda djieji a^cZ h]dgiZY B]ZX` i]Z l^g^c\ NYX][YVVP[
K^c0 5b JqiVc:r
>Jq2036 b^c0
JDC Y^heaVn [dg dkZg
sQ]ZgZ XcV WZ V a^iiaZ Y^[[ZgZci WVhZY XjggZci B]ZX` i]Z gViZY adVY
MkZg adVY
J+b, dc ^chiVaaVi^dc Zck^gdcbZci0 XVeVX^in
~?*
JDC Y^heaVn [dg DmigVcZdjh a^\]i gZXZ^kZY id OZbdkZ i]Z H`T]NSTXR
VbW^Zci a^\]i gZXZ^k^c\ gZXZ^kZg ZmigVcZdjh a^\]i ZY`P[
cEZP[L]TYX TXOTNL]Y[ JDC Y^heaVnZY [dg QgZVi V[iZg X]ZX`^c\
\^ZZVb
Db^iiZg bVa[jcXi^dc
Db^iiZg OZXZ^kZg Zb^iiZg bVa[jcXi^dc i]Z Zb^iiZg Y^heaVn JDC
I/94