EGUCATIONAL LINGUISTICS NOTES

I. Language Description
Page 25 = 44 until 51 = 70
Language is described based on a particular moment in time and it is not correlated with the
history of the language (Liddicoat, year)
Descriptions of language are often divided into a number of categories and each of these
categories has its own principles, concepts, objects of study. For this paper we have separated
language description into the study of the sound the language (phonetic and phonology),
language structures (morphology, syntax, and information structure), and meaning (semantics).
1.2. Phonetics
1.2.1. Transcribing Sounds
1.2.2. The Sounds of Language
1.2.2.1. Vowels
1.2.2.2. Diphthongs
1.2.2.3. Consonants
1.2.2.4. Suprasegmentals
1.3. Phonology: Speech Sounds as a System
1.3.1. Phonotactics
1.4. Morphology
1.5. Syntax
1.5.1. Word Classes
1.5.2. Constituent Structure
1.5.3. Semantics Roles and Grammatical Relations
1.5.4. Complex Sentences
1.5.5. Sentence Types
1.6. Information Structure
1.6.1. Encoding Given and New Information
1.6.2. Topic-Comment-Structure
1.7. Semantics
1.8.1. Lexical Semantics
1.8.2. Grammatical Sentences
1.8. Conclusion

https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/277811/

https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/277811/1-s2.0-S1877042815X00371/
 II. Language Corpora in ELT and GTM (Grammar Translation Method)
Language corpora can help us to find how words are used in language.
The impact of corpora can be read in Concise Book page 176.
Corpora are the plural of corpus. Corpus = a large collection of written and spoken language
held on a computer, and used for studying language; or a formal collection of all the writing of
a particular kind or by a particular person.
Alan Davies, Language Corpora page 124
III. Language, Thought, and Culture in Educational Perspective
Alan Davies, page 254 – 280 = 26 pages. 26 : 2 = 13 pages. 254 + 13 = 267
9.2. Language, Thought, and Culture and the Problem of Linguistic Relativity
9.3. Re-Thinking Linguistic Relativity
9.4. Semiotic Relativity, or How the Use of a Symbolic System Affects Thought
9.5. Linguistic Relativity, or How Speakers of Different Languages Think Differently When
Speaking
9.6. Discursive Relativity, or How Speakers of Different Discourses (Across Languages or in
the Same Language) Have Different Culture Worldview 266 (batas baca hal 266)
9.7. Language Relativity in Applied Linguistics Research
Second Language Acquisition (SLA)
The first cognitive revolution in educational psychology brought by Burner, Goodnow, and
Austin, 1956. Chomsky 1957 reinstated the autonomy of the speaking-hearing-subject,
liberating the learner from behavioral conditioning and political manipulation (batas baca Alan
Davies page 269)
9.8 Language Relativity in Educational Practice
9.9. The Danger of Stereotyping and Prejudice
9.10. Instead of Language-Thought-and-Culture: Speakers/Writers, Thinkers, and Members of
Discourse Communities
9.11. Conclusion: The “Incorrigible Diversity” of Applied Linguistics

IV. Language and the Law in Educational Perspective

V. Language and Gender in Educational Perspective
VI. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) + MALL
VII. Literary Studies
VIII. World Englishes
IX. Discourse Analysis
X. Genre-Based Analysis
XI. Language for Testing
XII. The Practice of LSP
XIII. Bilingual Education
XIV. Stylistics by Pak Nico
I am interested to Pak Nico’s statement telling that who creates the languages actually,
why every countries, every nation, and every ethnic used different languages.
In my opinion, even though we conduct so much research to find the answer of the
questions, I believe that we won’t find the answer without reading the holly Qur’an.
Because in Holly Qur’an in Surah 49 verse 13: stating that Allah creates human in
ethnicities and nations in order that they can know and recognize each other”.
So I believe that languages are created by Allah. In other words that the only one who is
able to make other people follow some other people’s language is the creator.

O.K., let me explain more about that.

Even though we can see that languages are produced from human’s organ of speech, but
they do not have power to make all of people around them to follow their style. For
example when I was still taking my study in master degree program, I remember that I
had a friend who wanted to try to produce new word or new style in stating “I agree”. So
she told to her friends including me that when I for example offered her something and
then she agreed to do the thing offered together with me, she would say “chis”.
Furthermore, during one month she applied or she used the word “chis” to show her
agreement to something discussing around her. But, you know that there was no one who
followed her style. So she gave up and stop to use the style.

So our style will be followed by other people around us, it will depend on themselves who
makes other people follow our style

No urut absen: 14. Hasna

Summary for all topics have been presented: submitted on Friday, Sept 4, 2019.