Result and Discussion

There are significant correlation between yam extract (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.) and blood
glucose level in diabetes. Arifin et al. (2011) states that yam extract in dose of 10 ml/kgBW, 20
ml/kgBW and 30 ml/kgBW per day can reduce blood glucose levels in aloxan-induced diabetic
mice. The hypoglycemic effect of yam extract measure in 21 days after treatment, which the
highest effect is shown in dose of 30 ml/kgBW per day group. Experiment of yam extract also
conducted on humans by Yasmina et al. (2014). Their true experiment on prediabetic women
shows that there is significant decrease in fasting blood glucose levels (p<0,05) as much as 6
mg/dl after administration of yam extract. As well, in their Randomized Clinical Trial, Dehghan
et al. (2013) found that supplementation of inulin -content of yam extract- on type-2 diabetic
female caused reduction of fasting glucose blood level by 8.50%.

Fig. 1. The effect of yam extract in blood glucose level based on dose and duration of
administration. (Arifin et al. (2011))

The treatment of yam extract can reduce the blood glucose level (Arifin et al., 2011; Yasmina et
al., 2014; Dehghan et al., 2013). Arifin conducted the experiment on diabetic mice and analyze
the effect of yam extract treatment to blood glucose level, weight, and water consumption. The
result are reduction of BGL and water consumption, but not affect the weight and urine volume
of aloxan-induced mice. The pretest and posttest experiment by Yasmina et al. (2014) on
prediabetic women found that there is significant difference between control and treatment
group. The FBG level mean of treatment group decrease as much as 6 mg/dl (108.53 mg/dl to
102.53 mg/dl) after intervention significantly (p<0.05). In the control group, FBG level increase
as much as 3.47 mg/dl (105.53 mg/dl to 109.4 mg/dl) after intervention but is not significant
(p>0.05). Dehghan et al.(2013) done the experiment on fourty-nine type-2 diabetic female which
devided into 2 small groups, control group (n=25) and intervention group (n=24). Control group
received 10 g/d maltodextrin and intervention group received 10 g/d inulin for 8 weeks. As the
result, there is significant changed of FBS at the end of trail on intervention group, but did not
significant on control group.
There is one study that the result is different with the other study we analyzed. Widyarman et al.
(2014) found that yam extract (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.) has no effect in hampering blood
glucose level increase in Wistar rats. There are 3 groups in the experiment. Group 1 non diabetic
rats (negative control), group 2 diabetic rats (positive control), and group 3 diabetic rats with
yam extract treatment (study). Group 1 and 2 received 7 ml destilled water and glucose solution.
Group 3 received 7 ml yam extract and glucose solution. As the result, the mean increase of
blood glucose level on group 2 (121.11 mg/dl) is higher than group 1 (30.8 mg/dl), and the mean
increase of blood glucose level on group 3 (324.45 mg/dl) is higher than group 2. The p-value on
Students-T test is 0.004 which means that there is significant difference of blood glucose level
incerase between positive control group and study group.