Meaningful Melting Points
Kenneth Nolon Carter"?
Presbyterian College, Clinton, SC 28025
Kenneth N. Carter, Jr.
Northeast Missouri State University, Kirksville, MO 63501
‘That melting points are still important
and widely used in organic chemistry is
shown by Table |. As Tiers (1) points out,
“This rapid and inexpensive technique re-
‘mains a necessary link to the vast pre-
strumental literature, and continues to
signify impurity and to provide virtually
unpredictable, and hence unfalsifiable,
data on newly prepared compounds.” We
suggest practical methods of making this
information for capillary melting points
‘more useful than is frequently the case.
‘These involve the proper degree of preei-
sion, the use of the meniscus point in cer-
tain ’cases, and, as has been emphasized
by Tiers (1, 2), the use of good standards.
The importance of carefully eontrolled
and specified conditions became very evident from the
‘work described in the experimental seetion,
Table 1. Metting-Poi
“otal numberof papers
points
Number rounding to 1
Number eporting ‘men:
cus point
Routine Melting Points
‘Tiers (2) studied 196 papers published in 1988 in the
Journal of Organie Chemistry and found considerable con-
fusion as to the distinction between corrected and uncor-
rected melting points. (Many authors apparently equated
“corrected ‘calibrated”.) A several-degree uncer-
tainty may, therefore, arise. Therefore, the melting-point,
range may provide the most dependable and helpful infor-
‘mation if itis sufficiently precise.
‘Table 1 shows that melting-point values currently are
read or rounded to the nearest 1 °C in most eases. An ob-
served 0.6 °C melting range of 93.2-93.8 °C for a quite pure
compound would be rounded to 93-94 °C, as would one of
925-944 °C, for which the 1.9 °C range signals, at best,
‘mediocre purity. Yet the similar 2.2 °C range of 92.4-94.6,