Medicine, dosage & Classification Action Indication Side effect / Adverse Nursing Consideration

frequency, route, duration effect

10-05-19
Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Inhibits bacterial DNA CNS: Confusion, 1). Tell the Pt. to take
CEPROFLOXACIN synthesis headache, restlessness drugs as prescribed, even
Brand name: CIPRO ANTIBIOTICS ↓ after feeling better.
Route: IV Mainly by blocking DNA Bacterial infections GI: Diarrhea, N&V
Dosage: 500mg tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: gyrase 2). Advise Pt. to drink
TABLET BID ↓ HEMA: Leukopenia, plenty of fluids to reduce
Frequency: Q12 FLUROQUINOLONES bactericidal neutropenia, risk of urine crystal.
Duration: Unknown thrombocytopenia,
eosinophilia 3). Tell the Pt. to avoid
excessive sunlight.
SKIN: Rash

Generic name: EPO Therapeutic Class: Mimics effects of CNS: Dizziness, fatigue, 1). Inform the Pt. that pain
ALPHA erythropoietin headache or discomfort.
Brand name: EPOGEN, Colony stimulating factors ↓
EPREX Functions as a growth CV: Edema, hypertension 2). Monitor blood pressure.
Route: IV, Subctaneous Pharmacologic Class: factor and as a
Dosage: EPO ALPHA differentiating factor To treat ANEMIA GI: Abdominal pain, 3). Tell the Pt. to avoid
4000 units Recombinant Human ↓ constipation, N&V. excessive sunlight.
Twice daily Erythropoetins Enhancing RBC
Frequency: BID production METABOLIC:
Duration: Hyperglycemia,
Half-life 4-13hrs hyperuricemia,
hypokalemia.

MUSCUSKELETAL:
Bone pain, muscle spasm.

RESPIRATORY: Cough,
SOB,

SKIN: Rash

Generic name: Ferrous
sulfate
Brand name: Apo ferrous
sulafate
Dosage: 325mg/400mcg 1
Tablet twice daily
Therapeutic Class: a glycoprotein CNS: Dizziness, headache, 1). Assess for allergy.
that stimulates red blood
Antianemics cell production CV: Hypertension, 2). Monitor Blood pressure
↓ tachycardia.
Hypoxia is the primary To treat ANEMIA
Pharmacologic Class: physiological stimulus for GI; Constipation, N&V.
Route: IV, IM, P.O erythropoietin production 3). Check for constipation
Frequency: BID Iron supplements in the body record the color amount of
Duration: 2-3 hrs stool.

Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Inhibits HMG-CoA CNS: Insomnia

Atorvastatin reductase
Brand name: Lipitor Antilipemics ↓ GI: Abdominal pain,
Route: P.O An early (and rate limiting) diarrhea, nausea
Dosage: 20mg tablet 1 tab Pharmacologic Class: ↓ To treat ANGINA, MI,
once a day at bedtime Step in cholesterol STROKE GU: UTI
Frequency: OD HMG-CoA reductase biosynthesis
Duration: unknown inhibitors MUSCUSKELETAL:
Muscle spasm extremity
pain
.
SKIN: Rash
Generic name: Losartan Therapeutic Class: Inhibits vasoconstrictive CNS: Headache, dizziness, 1). Assess pt. for bleeding
Brand name: Cozaar and aldosterone secreting fatigue.
Route: P.O Antihypertensive action of angiotensin II 2). Provide safety
Frequency: OD ↓ CV: Edema, chest pain. environment.
Dosage: 100mg tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: by blocking angiotensin II To treat hypertension
tab once a day in AM receptor HEMA: Anemia 3). Provide comfort.
Duration: Unknown Angiotensin II receptor ↓
antagonist on the surface of vascular METABOLIC:
smooth muscle and other Hyperkalemia
tissue cells.
RESPI: Cough
MUCUS: Weakness

GI: Diarrhea
GU: UTI

Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Decreases hepatic glucose CNS: Weakness, fatigue, 1). Assess pt. history of
Vildagliptin production absorption dizziness. diabetes
Brand name: Galvus Antidiabetics ↓
Route: P.O Pharmacologic Class: Increases sensitivity METHABOLIC: 2). Assess for renal
Dosage: 50mg tablet 1 tab insulin To treat DM TYPE 2 Hyperglycemia function.
once a day(Pt. stock)
Frequency: 3). Instruct the pt. for
Duration: unpleasant metallic taste of
drug.
 4). Monitor pt. glucose
level
Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Metabolic pathways are METHABOLIC: 1). Assess therapeutic
Ketoanalogue Supplements well established Hyperglycemia value of drug.
Brand name: ketosteril
Route: P.O Pharmacologic Class: 2). Assess allergy to the
Dosage: 2tabs thrice a day Ketoanalogs Essential Protein energy drug.
(pt’s stocks) amino acids malnutrition
Frequency: BID 3). Monitor vital signs.
Duration: Unknown
4). Instruct the pt. to report
immediately if sx of
hypercalcemia occur like a
muscle weakness
5) administer with food to
prevent GI upset.
Generic name: Febuxostat Therapeutic Class: Decreases production of GI: Diarrhea, nausea 1). Advise the pt. to report
Brand name: Uloric Antigouts agents uricacids SKIN: Rash rash and chest pain.
Route: P.O ↓ Monitor closely.
Dosage: 40mg tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: By inhibiting xanthine
tablet once a day (Pt’s Xanthine oxidase oxidase Acute and chronic Gout 2). Monitor uric acid level.
stock) inhibitors 3). Inform the pt. that drug
Frequency: OD may increase the risk of
Duration: 24 hr MI.
Half-life: 5-8hrs
Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Inhibits cell-wall synthesis GI: Diarrhea 1). Instruct the pt. to report
Ceftriaxone ↓ SKIN: Rash, pain, of discomfort at I.V
Brand name: Rocephin Antibiotics Promoting osmotic tenderness at injection site. insertion site.
Route: I.V, I.M instablility Lower respiratory tract
Dosage: 2grams Pharmacologic Class: ↓ infection and UTI 2). Monitor pt. glucose
intravenous once a day Usually bactericial level.
Frequency: OD Third generation
Duration: Unknown cephalosporins 3). Tell the pt. to notify
Half-life: 5 ½ - 11 hrs prescriber about loose
stools or diarrhea.
Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Selectively blocks alpha CNS: Headache, dizziness, 1). Monitor pt. vital signs
Tamsulosin receptor in the prostate vertigo and assess for allergy for
Brand name: Flomax BPH Drugs ↓ CV: Chest pain drug.
Route: P.O Leading to relaxation of GI: Nausea, diarrhea
Dosage: 0.4mg tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: smooth muscles in the GU: Decrease Libido 2). Instruct pt. report of
tablet once a day bladder neck and prostate Benign prostatic MUSCU: Back pain any symptoms
Frequency: OD Alpha blockers ↓ hyperplasia RESPI: Increased cough, immediately
Duration: 9-15 hrs Improving urine flow and Infection.
Half-life: 9-13 hrs reducing symptoms of 3). Tell the pt. to take drug
BPH about 30 minutes after
same meal each day.

4) tell the pt. to limit a

movement to avoid of
hypotension.
Generic name: Finasteride Therapeutic Class: Inhibits conversion of CNS: Dizziness, headache 1). Tell the pt. that drug
Brand name: Propecia testosterone to CV: Orthostatic may be taken with meal or
Route: P.O BPH Drugs hydrotestosterone(DHT) hypotension without meal.
Dosage: 5mg 1tab once a ↓ Benign prostatic GU: Decreased libido
day Pharmacologic Class: the androgen primarily hyperplasia 2). Monitor the urine
Frequency: OD 5 alpha-reductase enzyme responsible for the initial volume or severely
Duration: 24hrs inhibitors development and diminished urine flow.
Half-life: 6-8 hrs ↓
subsequent enlargement of 3). Limited sexual
the prostate gland functions.
↓
In male baldness the scalp
contains miniaturized hair
follicles and
↓
increased DHT level drug
↓
decreases scalp DHT level
in such cases
10-06-19
Generic name: Metoprolol Therapeutic Class: Selective beta-blocker that CNS: Fatigue, dizziness. 1). Assess pt. vital sign
Brand name: Lopresor Antihypertensive selectively blocks beta CV: Bradycardia, heart especially PR, BP, O2
Route: P.O, I.V receptors failure, edema, saturation.
Dosage: 50mg per tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: ↓ palpitations.
tablet twice a day Selective beta adrenergic Decreases cardiac out, Hypertension GI: Nausea, diarrhea, 2). Monitor glucose level
Frequency: BID blocker peripheral resistance and constipation, dry mouth, closely.
Duration: 6-12hrs P.O, 5- ↓ flatulence, gastric pain.
6hrs I.V cardiac oxygen RESPI: Dyspnea 3). Tell the pt. to alert
Half-life: 3-7 hrs consumption and depresses SKIN: Rash, pruritus prescribe if SOB occurs.
renin secretion

Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Through to inhibit calcium CNS: Dizziness, weakness, 1). Monitor vital signs,
Nicardipine ion influx across cardiac sleep disturbances especially BP frequently
Brand name: Cardene Antihypertensive ↓ CV: Edema, palpitations during initial therapy.
Route: I.V, P.O and smooth muscle cells GI: Nausea, flatulence
Dosage: 2mg Pharmacologic Class: ↓ MUSCU: Inflammation, 2). Tell pt. to take oral
intravenously for blood decreasing contractility Hypertension muscle cramps from exactly as prescribed.
pressure greater than or Calcium-channel blockers and oxygen demand RESPI: Dyspnea, SOB,
equal to 160/100 chest congestion 3). Advise pt. to report
Frequency: Q8 SKIN: Pruritus, sweating chest pain immediately.
Duration: Unknown
Half-life: 2-4 hrs

Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Decreases fever by HEMA: Anemia 1). Assess for allergy
Paracetamol Analgesics inhibiting the effects of SKIN: Rash, urticaria
Brand name: Muscle relaxants pyrogens on the 2). Assess pt. fever and
Route: I.V, P.O hypothalamus pain and tell the pt. notify
Dosage: 300mg Pharmacologic Class: ↓ Relieve of mild to prescriber of pain.
intravenously as pre BT heat regulating centers and moderate pain treat fever
meds Antipyretics by a hypothalamic 3). Monitor pt. temperature
Frequency: Q4 hrs or Q6 ↓
Duration: 3-4 hrs action leading to sweating
and vasodilation

10-07-19
Generic name: Isophane Therapeutic Class: Lower blood glucose level CV: Peripheral edema 1). Tell the pt. take a
insulin ↓ METABOLIC: medicine with meal.
Brand name: Humulin N Antidiabetics stimulating peripheral Hypoglycemia, weigh gain
Route: subcutaneous glucose uptake SKIN: Rash, pruritus 2). Monitor pt. glucose
Dosage: 8 units Pharmacologic Class: Pt. with DM type 2 level
subcutaneous 2 times a binding to insulin receptors
day, pre breakfast and pre Insulins on skeletal muscle and fats 3). Advise pt. that allergic
dinner cells and hypersensitivity
Frequency: Q12 ↓ reaction can occur and
Duration: up to 24hrs inhibiting hepatic glucose report s/sx to health care
Half-life: 4.4hrs production provider.

10-08-19
Generic name: Therapeutic Class: Inhibits sodium and CNS: Headache, vertigo, 1). Monitor pt. glucose
Furosemide chloride reabsorption dizziness, weakness, level and report the
Brand name: Lasix Antihypertensive ↓ restlessness, fever symptoms of fever
Route: P.O, I.V, I.M immediately. BP
Dosage: 40mg intravenous Pharmacologic Class: at the proximal and distal Acute pulmonary edema CV: Orthostatic
Frequency: Q12 Loop diuretics tubules hypotension 2). Monitor fluid intake
Duration: P.O 6-8hrs, I.V ↓ GI: N&V, Abdominal and output, electrolyte,
2hr, I.M 2hr the ascending loop of discomfort and pain BUN, Carbon dioxide
Half-life: 2hrs Henle HEMA: Anemia levels frequently.

3). Instruct pt. to stand

slowly to prevent dizziness
and limit.
Generic name: Clonidine Therapeutic Class: Thought to stimulate alpha CNS: Dizziness, weakness, 1). Monitor BP&PR
Brand name: Catapres receptors fatigue frequently
Route: P.O, Transdermal, Antihypertensives ↓ CV: Bradycardia, 2). Report of symptoms
Epidural inhibits the central orthostatic hypotension immediately and avoiding
Dosage: 75mg tab 1 tab Pharmacologic Class: vasomotor centers GI: Dry mouth, N&V, sudden position changes.
twice a day ↓ Constipation 3). Observe the pt. for
Frequency: Centrally acting alpha decreasing sympathetic Hypertensive GU: Urine retention tolerance to drug’s.
Duration: P.O 12-24Hrs, agonists outflow to the heart METABOLIC: Weigh gain
transdermal 7-8days, kidneys and peripheral SKIN: Pruritus, rash
edpiduram unknown vasculature Loss of libido
Half-life: 6-20hrs ↓
lowering peripheral
vascular resistance BP and
Heart rate
Generic name: Mupirocin Therapeutic Class: Inhibits bacterial proteins CNS: Headache 1). Tell pt. to notify
ointment synthesis GI: Nausea, taste prescriber immediately if
Brand name: Bactroban Antibiotics ↓ perversion condition doesn’t improve.
Route: P.O, I.V reversibly and specifically Skin Infections RESPI: Upper respiratory
Dosage: apply to affected Pharmacologic Class: ↓ tract congestion 2). Provide proper hygiene
area twice a day binding to bacterial SKIN: Rash, pruritus
Frequency: Daily Antibacterials isoleucyl 3). Do not use in the nose
Duration: unknown transfer RNA synthetase and eyes
Half-life: unknown
10-10-19
Generic name: Isosorbide Therapeutic Class: Thought to reduce cardiac CNS: Weakness, headache, 1). Monitor vital sign. BP,
dinitrate oxygen demand dizziness PR
Brand name: Isodril Antianginals ↓ CV: Orthostatic
Route: P.O decreasing preload and Prevents Angina Pectoris hypotension, ankle edema, 2). Advise pt. take oral
Dosage: 5mg per tablet 1 Pharmacologic Class: afterload. palpitation, tachycardia tablet without meal or
tablet sublingual now Nitrates ↓ GI: N&V either atleast 30 minutes
Frequency: OD Drug also may increase SKIN: Rash before 1-2 hrs after meals.
Duration: 4-8 hrs blood flow
↓
Half-life: dinitrate P.O 5-
6hrs, mononitriate about 5
hrs
Generic name: Mannitol
Brand name: Osmitrol
Route: I.V
Dosage: 50ml on first and
2nd hour of HD
Frequency: Q4 hrs
Duration: 6-8 hrs
Half-life: about 1 ½ hrs
3). Provide pt. safety and
through the collateral report any sx to the health
coronary vessels care provider.
Therapeutic Class: Increase osmotic pressure CNS: Dizziness, headache 1). Monitor vital sign and
of glomerular filtrate thus CV: Edema intake and output.
Diuretics ↓ Edema GI: Thirst, dry mouth, 2) monitor neurologic
inhibiting tubular ICP vomiting, diarrhea status and ICP
Pharmacologic Class: reabsorption of water and Kidney failure GU: Urine retention 3) Observe infusion site
electrolytes SKIN: Urticaria frequently. Provide pt.
Osmotic diuretics ↓ safety.
Drug elevates plasma
osmolality and increases
urine output