ed

T s h
R l i
E u b
C
N rep
Vªus osQ yacs li+Qj osQ ckn ge nsj
jkr dks^k;e igqp ¡ As ofy;Eek dk

© e
18 ebZ ?kj LVs'ku ls cgqr nwj ugha gSA
LVs'ku ls geus nks vkWVks&fjD'kkW fd,

b vkSj ofy;Eek osQ ?kj igqp ¡ As rc

t o rd eq>s bruh uhan vk jgh Fkh fd

ugk dj] oqQN [kk,&fi, fcuk gh]

ot eSa lks xbZA vHkh eSa lksbZ gh Fkh fd

n
vEek us txk fn;kA fiQj ge rS;kj
gq,] viuk lkeku mBk;k vkSj cl
vas osQ fy, fudy iMsA+ vc
ofy;Eek dk iwjk ifjokj Hkh gekjs
lkFk FkkA ge nl yksx Fks vkSj cgqr
lkjk lkeku Hkh FkkA
ukuh osQ ?kj rd

vIik us daMDVj ls lHkh osQ fy, fVdV [kjhns vkSj ge cl esa p<+ x,A
geas cSBus dh lhV fey xbZ] ij ckn esa cl esa brus yksx p<+ x, fd cl
BlkBl Hkj xbZA nks yksxksa dh lhV ij pkj&pkj yksxksa dks cSBuk iM+k! oqQN yksxksa
dks geus Hkh viuh lhVksa ij fcBk fy;kA
dki+Qh yack li+Qj FkkA cl tc vkf[kjh LVkWi ij #dh] rc rd esjs iSj
vdM+ x, FksA eq>ls [kM+k Hkh ugha gqvk tk jgk FkkA

ed
h
eSa [kq'k Fkh fd vkf[kjdkj ge vEewek osQ xk¡o igq¡p gh x,A ij ugha] li+Qj

T i s
vHkh Hkh ckdh FkkA cl us gesa tgk¡ mrkjk] ogk¡ ,d rji+Q ikuh gh ikuh FkkA

R l
vEek us nwj ikuh osQ ikj b'kkjk fd;k] tgk¡ vEewek dk ?kj Fkk vkSj dgk] ¶oks

E b
ns[kks! gesa ogk¡ igq¡puk gSA¸ ¶ij ge ogk¡ oSQls igq¡pasxs\¸ eSaus lkspkA

u
C
vHkh eSa ;g lksp gh jgh Fkh fd ikuh osQ ikj oSQls tk,¡xs fd rHkh ,d

N rep
cM+h&lh uko fdukjs ij #dhA vEek cksyha] ¶yks] i+QS jh vk xbZA¸ i+QS jh esa ls
cgqr lkjs yksx mrjsA LowQy osQ cPps] vkSjrsa] vkneh] lHkh viuk&viuk lkeku

© e
fy, FksA vEek us crk;k fd ogk¡ ij ikuh osQ nwljh rji+Q tkus osQ fy, osQoy

b
i+QS jh dk gh bLrseky gksrk gSA
tSls gh i+QS jh [kkyh gqbZ] p<+us

t o
okyksa dh HkhM+ yx xbZA lHkh dks

t
p<+us ls igys fdjk;k Hkjuk FkkA

o
ns[krs gh ns[krs i+QS jh Hkj xbZ vkSj

n
ikuh ij py iM+hA
eSa rks jsfyax osQ ikl gh [kM+h
vkl&ikl ns[krh jghA i+QS jh rs”kh ls ikuh ij fiQly jgh Fkh] ftlls
vkl&ikl dk ikuh mNy jgk FkkA fdukjs ij ukfj;y osQ isM+ drkj esa yxs
FksA ogha fdukjs ij] dgha yksx ugk jgs Fks vkSj dgha eNyh idM+ jgs FksA oqQN 61
yksx diM+s Hkh /ks jgs FksA
 vkl&ikl

lwjt <yus ls igys gh i+SQjh vius fBdkus (Vkiw) ij igq¡p xbZ vkSj ge Hkh
igq¡p x,] vEewek osQ ?kj] brus yacs ij e”ksnkj li+Qj osQ ckn!
Ö vkseuk Vªsu ls mrjus osQ ckn dbZ okguksa esa cSBhA D;k rqEgsa muosQ uke ;kn gSa\

Ö rqe fdu&fdu okguksa esa cSBs gks\

ed
T s h
R l i
Ö

E b
rqEgsa lcls ”;knk e”kk fdl okgu esa li+Qj djus ij vk;k\

u
Ö
C
N rep
vkseuk vgenkckn ls 16 ebZ dks pyh FkhA vEewek osQ ?kj igq¡pus esa mls fdrus
?kaVs yxs\

© e
b
Ö D;k rqe dHkh yacs li+Qj ij x, gks\ dgk¡ x, Fks\

t o
ml li+Qj ij rqe fdu&fdu okguksa ij cSBs Fks\ muosQ uke fy[kksA

o t
n
vè;kid osQ fy,μosQjy osQ dbZ Hkkxksa esa] ,d txg ls nwljh txg tkus osQ fy, i+SQjh vkSj vU;
62 rjg dh ukoksa dk bLrseky gksrk gSA ppkZ djks] ;s D;ksa iz;ksx gksrh gSa\ rqe cPpksa ls mudh uko dh
lokjh osQ ckjs esa Hkh iwN ldrs gks] ftldh mUgksaus lokjh dh FkhA
ukuh osQ ?kj rd

Ö rqEgkjs li+Qj esa fdruk le; yxk Fkk\

Ö vkseuk osQ vIik us Vªsu] cl vkSj i+QS jh osQ li+Qj osQ fy, fVdV [kjhnkA crkvks
vkSj fdu&fdu okguksa esa tkus osQ fy, fVdV [kjhnuk iM+rk gS\

ed
Ö oqQN txgksa ij vanj tkus osQ fy, fVdV [kjhnuk iM+rk gSA D;k rqe ,slh fdlh

T s h
l i
txg osQ ckjs esa tkurs gks\ muosQ uke fy[kksA

ER b
u
Ö jsy&fVdV ns[kksA uhps nh xbZ ckrksa dks fVdV esa <w¡<+dj] mu ij vyx&vyx

C
N rep
jaxksa ls xksyk yxkvksA

© e
b
t o
o t
Ö
n
Vªsu dk uacj
Ö li+Qj 'kq: gksus dh rkjh[k
Ö cFkZ dk uacj
63
Ö fdjk;k
 vkl&ikl

rqe fVdV ns[kdj vkSj D;k&D;k ckrsa irk yxk ldrs gks\ fy[kksA
Ö

ed
jsyos Vkbe&Vscy ls gesa cgqr&lh tkudkjh feyrh gS] tSls Vªsu fdl LVs'ku
ij fdl le; igq¡psxh] fdl le; LVs'ku NksM+sxh] fdruh nwjh r; djsxh] vkfnA

T s
ge fdlh Hkh jsyos LVs'ku ls jsyos Vkbe&Vscy [kjhn ldrs gSaA
h
l i
vkseuk us ftl Vªsu esa li+Qj fd;k] mlosQ Vkbe&Vscy dk oqQN va'k ns[kks]

R b
le>ks vkSj uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mÙkj nksA

C E u 6335 uxjdksy ,DlizSl

ozQe- LVs'ku
N rep igq¡pus LVs'ku NksM+us nwjh fnu

© e
l- dk uke dk le; dk le; (fd-eh-)
1- xk¡/h/ke μ 5%15 0 1

b
2- vgenkckn 11%30 11% 50 301 1
3- oM+ksnjk 14%03 14%10 401 1
4-
5-
t
lwjr
o
oylkM+
16%15
17%23
16% 20
17% 25
530
598
1
1

t
6- fHkoaMh jksM 21%10 21%12 772 1

o
7- eMxk¡o 07%35 07% 45 1509 2

n
8- mfnih 12%06 12%18 1858 2
9- dks”khdksM 17%45 17% 50 2165 2
10- f=kpwj 21%05 21%10 2280 2
11- ,jukoqQye Vkmu 22%35 22% 40 2356 2
12- dks^k;e 23%50 23% 55 2418 2
64 13- f=kosanze lsaVªy 03%05 03%10 2578 3
14- uxjdksby 04%45 00% 00 2649 3
ukuh osQ ?kj rd

Ö rkfydk esa mu lHkh LVs'kuksa osQ uke ij xksyk yxkvks] ftudk uke vkseuk dh Mk;jh
esa vk;k gSA
Ö Vªsu fdl LVs'ku ls pyh Fkh\

d
Ö Vªsu vgenkckn LVs'ku ij fdruh nsj #dh\

Ö Vªsu li+Qj osQ dkSu&ls fnu eMxk¡o igq¡ph\

h e
R T l i s
b
Ö

E
lquhy vkSj ,u dks”khdksM LVs'ku ij mrjs vkSj vkseuk dks^k;e LVs'ku ijA

C u
dks”khdksM LVs'ku osQ fdrus ?kaVs ckn dks^k;e LVs'ku vkrk gS\

Ö
N rep
Vªsu us 'kq: osQ LVs'ku ls var rd fdrus fdyksehVj dk li+Qj iwjk fd;k\

© e
b
Ö vkseuk us Vªsu ls fdrus fdyksehVj dk li+Qj iwjk fd;k\

t o
D;k rqe ,d Mk;jh j[kuk ilan djksxs\ ,d Mk;jh ;k dkWih yksA Mk;jh esa jks”k

t
fdlh ,d lIrkg rd dh [kkl ckrsa vkSj muosQ ckjs esa vius fopkj fy[kksA viuh

o
vkSj vius nksLrksa dh Mk;jh feydj i<+ksA

n
vè;kid osQ fy,μgks losQ rks jsyos Vkbe&Vscy cPpksa dks fn[kk,¡A mls i<+us esa mudh enn djsaA 65
jsyos Vkbe&Vscy ls xf.kr vkSj Hkwxksy dh cgqr lkjh e”ksnkj fozQ;k,¡ dh tk ldrh gSaA