[Stet tente fein Gn Conn Ram ees ae Sms Gone” ty Cam Rar Ragu” ‘Ehsan pee Re Hs i or "ga Ans Gone tye amc y ano cor oaypecsa se SEtu Roe Cs hrs Si Cr Pe em meme mninfore Sarees a Sogo OF ‘rs dra ug Meera aie Sm a Ve ona Cone igo SE ea ram te on coe es Poe Cm bree cee ema etn ming ay oes Sitar -corememen yoy ra ‘Sovvunslontentay tage mbert Tempah at Regan eyecare ope eng Seiewetnted’ “cow homiipes SiabitStnaicoaltnon’? estore nd herent Cone Se atta iene nt ace es risen Anes Nene Sn pos or ose 223 Hileen J Bidlay ‘The changing polities of freedom and virginity In Rio de Janeiro, 1920-1 Suen Caulild {not Fano Vivo de Cat hued what he perce ob ‘cant ince in ines agate bem of women ote Beoughe by role ery un ie Refring to Beas opel

5% ‘case, both juris were correc wh they complsne chat the wore u they observed played a majorroleintranacming popular ad cic leat notions of virgin and honor Sexual Confit Ris de Jani Cours Although Hungria and his colleagues believed shat modern womens “ecesive liberty" inthe nation’ xphal had sulmered tendons so, ons of virginity, they coud not deny that poplar recourse othe it ‘cs of lon emsned extremely portant. Far fom a remnant te ast delowering complains poured in loa pole satiny siges ‘ate than complain af any other seal cree up ul the oso. hey ‘were in fat among the mos fequen crm mplaltsof ay rod the 19408, umampbered ely by physical sonal and rors “Thinseudy xtased on records 430 police ivenignions an tal of sexual crimes in Rio e Jani from sotto toa, mat of which gay ‘witha deflowering complaint. Me young women wo speared a se ses nce ti relationships wats boyd td wich theo famales in ways tac refleced a Yaey of new images Of appropriate female comportment. Nonetheless, the general charscchsts ol eons ‘of sem crimes had remained these since at eas the tarmof o ‘ue? Dflowerng.2 woman berwcen the ages iceman teense wat acne ifthe man employed “son, deceit tod” the gl was younger than fifteen ori the mn we foe he crime war ces sidered rape ery few eases involving npc force were report sd slot none involved rape by seranger,Lnsteads lana ets {he ended parties and the men they acs fang for cial as, squainance ro formal engagement Their personal cones coed pst the police stations or various rato: the man abnoned the oso ‘wontin afer deflowering her: gomip about the deflowering gan te ‘eult nthe neighborhood: the yung mas presto crleyer found our aur the deed the comple rm away topes the yotang ‘woman became pregnant View al dhe fais tht appealed fot police so eoe confics ofr young women oso vty wee of 336 Sucann Caled | ‘The Politics of Freedom and Viglnty 229“These caer make cearthata single man wat expected to be fce oem Joyleiuresctiie tha mark woman a duhonest More ignean, when witncic sud thas young man "enjoyed a gree deal af dons ln the young woman's home” cr thar its parents gave fim berry te gavin hat he ma we oneonre an ‘Seserving of the paces tus. Sentemont fds Kid were fen mace bby witnesses forte prosecution, who condemned the man for beta this tras» Ths, whereas Young womans honesty was contingent on he submission othe vigilance of her amy mans honor wat eco ize hea he was no longer subject such glance, but emponed ‘Wie some men defined ter reaponibty to thc parte atc tingent on the women’ obedience or deferential pute conduc, de flowering caves demonstrate tht mien were ao preoscpied wich what jira disparaging refered toss maerlvigiisy”—thac i nite hymen opposed to "moval vigils” or Winuous charter De flowered young women frequently calmed thi they had consented 0 sex becuse dhe Sancta ad demanded “proof of viginiy” sea cond $n for marge, and somecmes he men confirmed these cam In & ‘pple scenario, Theona Mars Vie ance rook her oa dark alley ‘ayn 9s and~proposed tat she le him deflower er, with he alle oa that only thus woul he marry her, case he waned he cera that she wat vigin® Apparently arate of his commitment, Theonla fled detlowering complain tthe oa police ation the eat moc ing. Herboytsend, arened and ineropatdon thesame dy confers het account and then proceeded to marry her, thus puting an en #9 ‘Ofcourse harmonious accounts and happy ening re no comme ‘harctersof conflicts nated in rime ecnd, More equent, the woman cmed she gave her ance the prot he demande, bathe ‘man countered that he “versed tha se was ota vein” by having se with her. Most men appeared quite confident of thei verison ‘echmiues. The defendant in toa! ce, for example, declared that he ‘would mary the offended woman if the medial examination conmed ‘eeun defloration, “bathe knew It wou oe because he found er gute we [nsec] Theat year-old Severino de Olver, the Scher hand, eed less etn. There was “something Stange” about hissexual encoumter with is elgheen-year-od guliendehat made think she was no longer igi” Her mothe?’ police complaint appa ‘ft dps him vero is oo te couple marie eee Working ca women acknowiiged the importance of ity a cerning ther mariage propose Tan we cee ea the ce spine Antonio Ramon» hieysearle ea ‘se of deoweing his cou tenon yee Olgas Rees 2307. Olas mows, Elis Ros Ramen xpath ara eter ad ben coed forthe pu ary Lato a cen waned o mary Ot. hich ea Ole he ‘othededansina beens may Seboiceoe ees site dcr nephew Aono Ran ene eee ne Seow SapabeD Seven earl Janda Maio ako found to afer she was ™ Ar would beepered in records of this type most of the young ‘wane awolvedetpesed noon dese for oil mariage i abo Thoecng thar they were entero in exchange for he ipa Yet lke Mere Rican victims of rae oction and deflowering) 20 Ipedby cen indy hs volume any accepeed conse nos {fein leer to Rodgo Norns Fo, lacy de Abres Oda TSinccen earl dome trast wh claimed she was pregnant by Jenlige. begged ti nor to abandon fer bes of te Jeowerng, NEE make opened against tam. ‘Dont Blame me he poe Seen te cation. T dont want to marry you by force, and Tnow you dhe promise wo marry me he wre“ went £0 OMe eee te wanted tr Because I wane to ve with Yu. = LE Teatlad wane lve wth you Jcy ol th dg the same rand Rouge wr acquined’ Tc couple ine oven ogee ae 08 tyme ofthe alin 936, one year afer Jay wrote the er Ts wctarpeaing since Rodeo sisted that though be bad tee having TEE ei nc Crery Stay for several month, hey oamed be ‘Sistas witout commitments, bene abe wen ight labs by Tigheen earl abel de Over, oa domestic servant, ses to hive ads happer experience. She explained ro police tha abe had Momea ber eyed aro concacor, to deiwer ex beat be frome oar he at thar afer she moved in wih i "the ard {Rpt hin form eng epi A men het mother rew impair and fled delowering comple, but bel TSG pee these rsd heal o this explanation and com eeilnget the defendant a even prefer this sation 1 mat~ eects nstwersiocasein whic the young woman mevedin wi {Iran afer ling the nt plce complain and was 0 0OgeT itr as psec whe he cv cme tow sometimes many meine young women often acepsd consensual unkons ino fe 20. Soeann Canield age, while wating foe mariage ino orpking that several de flowering complainants stated that hey had “in i ealy because {he defendant had promlaedt0 “live marital” wth them, appar “ems cota ning alga reo wee ope ‘ily nsympathetc eo there rivance, Yer in sceping both comer ‘alunos an theless tons ation ew ft fe by promis of forma x informal mariage the peoplewho essed indelowering cases wer following patterns petaer Bre well ‘Sin mom other Latin American nation sn the clonal perod™ {Laws regarding tarige and aero cries ated pcos atcu inginformal conga ratonsips arent seo reese il maroge *otnformal unions for tht daughter, Bu although parts proceed then dr daugher commented to informal arranges oe when the {nn dale in eolleting the paperwork to formals them, tcy gene aly seemed ro arcept he stun once wasn plac Indeed any of the parents and witness who tevifed tha the ocd gwar ho ‘ot and therefore deserving of mariage were heme ving incon Sensual unions, Ia several cues couples “ved manta athe wea family’s home ater er defloration, sully with the sndestnding tat ‘mariage would follow. Generally the ese consent unions cached the pole not because of problem inherent in this rangement bat be ‘use ofc nthe ratonsip: che man abandoned te woman, be. ‘ame engaged to another or arg with his “mother eran” Tn chase cs, ain rap asin Pro Rico, pres general de smanded marae in arate to guarantee cr auginer and grand ‘hilrens economic abt. consensual unions coud be eeent ‘esta ene was ue of formal mariage. Despite sate emp to ‘mandate the ocsoluby of mariage incadngaconstiaonal pro. vision upholding indswolube marrage after 34 spouses commeniy ‘eparutd, formally o¢ infra. and lived with suuequcne purer ‘According tothe aorncy grr of the tae of Rode ncaa feaodleat mariage ansulments were ao commonly ranted tthe 19) ard presumably ene, esting ina rly ong seston: he ommon practice of eee ly masa ement something that does tot ‘ist in ay cviied aon Moreone the aon tat vig was ‘sured of women for mariage, bron conser rion, was ele oy the fact ha nnumerable women marie someone othe han the Pa ‘the pully accused of deflowering them, provoking» prolonged egal chur ove whether proseetion should proced nonetices™ “The dtane the, between ermal and forma mariage Was not as The Polisi of Freedom and Virginity 231ESS ‘Daas Siler Te of he Ma: Soi and ‘Strngae for Authority the Tetimany of Defovoret Gio {ike defendant and thir lawyer, offended women snd their famien lake women's bey tthe sexal experience, quel ‘ou oto the sree nacecropened, Womens participation in public mre was more problematic. Some Yous women were apparent not aware that unchaferoned ceases to dance hal movi houses, or Catnvallentvies oe dee on ee the way. The young women, ad their winnie cemieed se ha of ercesive they” with alert interpcaton ofthe wearer {ots and oftenof common working ad milecas sane cer ‘Carival comtume di not demonstrat ack of homer? enc ae, protests “bur merely ack of good judgment, cluhoces Sete Carnival “lock she danced wih “id not practice ences tar cote) | tevin ae ‘ems schoo of he yang ness Sgn a “Thal scm ih in hea micememracemaetseeesregimme | gina pc rtm sone uatmiaterenetease: | Skminycnsyema treme ta herdtghamac ety sere es “co was analy gence esha font gree | Aste Rn pms Base” women, cer ‘Bar although deflowering victims di noche theways thar theirdally i Iained under the tutlage of ther bans Lezally women te: 252 Soeaan Cutt | ‘he Pics of Frexdom sn Viggaty ayylegal or business matters, nl he age of wenty-one; when a woman ‘Med, hs soon) psed so es shad ogres ero But i hy how Sergiy nr ay ma [Ses conte sugges then pace conte of auc ivan Spel los of vinty truly ovolned female protons on buh SiS The mother nate moor auton ge fret ofthe Youn Sromen involved Father opened ie charges fen ecompanie Thorens in only 7 pera of de ac .. Sing meter wows fo es epee 0 de ae Scowcing vce Oy arguing that they lived fe of the co Sans tar honts fries paced on thee women, When Malena “nA row nes ta Reg ou ri etoweing of her seventeen yearol daughter Ade in 13, fore se Reesor re ownal waie truth’ fale By sepasing tomer hasand and locting her fail {Eom mall own to Ri de aneto, Magdalena Alves had boc rake {oan own er gh canton ery ‘Sea cna prepocros fro dled her dager honor {he pear Homer of he ary were x ale denoyed 1 8 ‘Bones bythe ep ton he mes) To rd the cue, te wpe ged, would sts danger recent se= ‘pecing teppei ofthe aw and woe take ech ‘Eee yt aon popes oe ured {olin Sosy on semone tamer Th ge ei ese ae that agra ie wesc sonnet ical incapable of dfn hoa or herr, nde dca Complain ei us was» prey sound deilon:in fc ia mandated hat husband epee ac wer and dren in emer and eal {anocscnn ier avulsion of elowering css on the rounds at he mesr war not the lepimat ea epeenative of her daughter ‘et nonecnpi oa aerae ehrsnse Toasto avoid a outions liked of Magdaloa Alves but nate ‘ther, women who were mared to and vig with ther dug {ton cesta ecompan Tene ware cleo he Sihucen moths who dedared ta they were mare ou separate fem ther dager fathers Tose women were riety ot aae ‘ithe margs mae hen “annonce oh ony ‘eeu of the nal ats, moter commonly acted shed 234 Sean Cautfeld fe an gan of ee dp hob a onto ‘ctr. At eat the nes ened na eos a ae scpended onmale proton be took ton hemses= mae, th ups dctowees demanding meno cles geet 4 bara prom) and going othe eto alte pean ‘when the promise was not kepe. a UT side that th rvs of fl ended ain i et ects me preceeded thes Goa ‘oa ch ener aon ter tan chem SG es edeee of direct scion thes tapas Settee ‘elegant delowerenapeacdinac pestatoah once he ano wa sl pce he pel saan owing recon ge nea ht mothe ere peepee ‘win men were pesene Maple Alverson, anes ered athe ent him oto kor aeons aah ns onto shuts neon vessels wh ed Pa Sa ite eid hat het wie or ures eee oS Arwen and ave tem on how topped ‘Aolscent dauphin el theology dat demanded thc sbmision to fly place in eons Su wa ‘festa of th mother. Sine much ee sac sae oa oun women wos utd re dts otic eatin seh ‘ete the perv of igi ay cae oe thi ‘hymen trang he complaint fied 1029 by Honora da Siva. Gongs ‘mother of Esmarina Maria Googaver, a cightcen-yearol back henry worker reveling ‘nthe morning of March s, the declarant was et home, twas her daughter Esmaina, [who fora tiling reason sponded ute eo ‘comment made bythe declarant the declare therefore ald tober daughter that she was obliged iochey her unt ah gor mar ‘ed... Esmarina responded sh al se haw do was eave with ‘Urhano, bese she was already his". the declarant supicons ofthese pirse from Esnaina, submited ber toa rigorous _Eon, bean the confession fom her thet he had been desiow ‘red by Urbano 1 his and many other cases, the major confit was no berween “vic "sm" ands” but ate berween parents or puenan sind dao The Polite of Freedom and Virginity 236ts Aer “rigorous ixerogation” snetimes acompuned by beat ‘0m many parents went othe police and Bed comple te eee betctaiason asmuch gaint ther daughter asapune her dchome fo sysealons angry parent acute her daughter etal minced ‘hen family confit fared, often over daughter court coca ‘When the need vo protect vipnity war lina, magy of ae strcons imposed on young women were longer fis Nisrees ‘yesroldGootpin Medeor wa clearon this pont Ins corms ‘03 ftom home only tobe found ltr in the afermean op ean ‘According toe father’ testimony, Georgian a hth she hea ck home becuse ae considered enc tote emily fice bean: we ho In ber own sion, Georgina epsined festa “cars pr ‘ray fom her mothe. she informed er moti of ner ae es family aloe, Many lst heros when they bec prepa coves ‘towed ving wih thei parents, wth or without he ees or tino en. The cae of singe parc wer al to familar fs ony ofthe i modhers, whichesplansin large pan theenge af ee 286. Soeana Caueld Soames See mare ramets conse emer a Sector“The Marriage Promo the Art of Dan sn? The Adapaton of Lal Theory» Modern Wore Judges econ n aes of srl crimes formed pt of + vigorous Wace on wheter and how criminal law should end fale Ecce sod ity, dcbte that began with the ery fet cl ‘ks ofthe republican peal code of 8, Te intensed nthe 9908 “Sityor aa rt flange tn bosh gener norms and mason po Ata, Over te coure of thos decades, cules invisalign “ppealscoure jes pase adgments that pushed repre ine {Grcaonn in many insances challenging deer fw, With he overt ofthe republican reine in 1 by a oor coaision of fropenive and concrvatve ce nied in tir opponon 0 what Tyan as rule by backward and scfserving eons oligarchy, he relic cicum seme especially etal The new pena ode of ‘Ponrponded eo jure” demas to negra "senegal concepts {tc minal avs, especialy hos eqrding honor and moray, we eekingsomedung os compromise on several pin tat ss had ‘Seu ring the previous decades "Among dn nose imperatives sis debated was how ro define ~iteyand "honest ema behavior and whether the aw shoal Weert mail cia andar of ny ced soc or the “ve semorany of rans population, None ever doubted, owes, that Te ruty great seduces single woman's chances of marin nd (eso amycandthatunmared sexually active women tvetened sen onder Tse belejsied mong other meses the criminal (eNom offering. Telaw pushed eiowering, cording te qn ted ps apps esto, because os of py ober I NXoinant soul Rincon in the iepally and morally consisted family lxdng ber incriably co proseaton nc thst ter ecervenrin in the ea of moray by om epming sexual cress oat age soilinttons, 048 (hoya coals pu ndvidel aca The 0 penal code, x on ive docament according ro contemporary jr, had defies ll ‘Siu cmses tres agains the honor and hocest ofthe fay” ‘When propresine rss who sw samy nor” ay. yma fa ea garda power suceeded minting the concep rom he toro cole hey rend seal fess crimes galt al core ceeceaiy km) “Camilla docs oe protest nv gh yt Socann Contd fee imp nts seen scm fen Sea erate seinen au Spanier a re PR partes ab arnisapal niger ae aera ss Ferenc dix Stillgapee” cee cet porate peti a a Pre rarrertee eats ear can Togs oye tueaimteeaennan enone a ee Seana corona SS ee ieee erage eprint nate erate! erate aerege nee rect kane ein Sa ESS nig weak era ea pate nica ecarer ararraa eae gpoceitepeyinecnge are sided sd omnes Species earencane Daa ‘flooded in ehrough the next thirty years, a eae Jc n aoe es SSS Seer onsen po oreicaatgey ee ec ee Enprpapeeast ana pmatcerans Sei lotsa ieee Soames Senses remeron Senegal Sepa copa epee ‘ng samba? Sa cme eked tae as Ge si a Rapa a Specs an apts oa So Wistlany rapa eee Sioa oy Deanne ete Feet ester ere rr ion eee ‘The Politic of Freedom and Vieginy 239 Lyonanne hull thar played Afar nfuenced mi, for producing emancipated ‘women whose virginity was wet ie “Ten yeas ater another Federal District judge pasted ij ment regatg sesual moder il nhs aqua of Figo Ges {iyno, accused of seducing Antoinets Gomes hy promising t mare) he. Finding the promise imuicierly elem t ge ange “Ee ‘pring. tees of serous promis of nuctonable commitient the presumpuon tharshould be made frm fc [ofthe efowering] istha, as lng as oemal people are involved the woman gare nt implies othe inst 0 her sensi, acpi all sk eet the ariee of he vig” "Though unsympatheuc to Gomer complain, the judge expres ‘now, significantly more benevolent anne toward women sexanlty thm ad existed i ere Jarspradence, Whereas trm-ofthecennary Jars had denied that women pened vx ese, al igs nh {8 Carin the aot had ie such dese berate verdict ‘described them a an insect impale of normal people The ade ‘nonetheless upheld te precedent that women who “eit that ‘int should not be proteed by la letared i verdict nthe ner ‘tanding of criminal eduction a dened by he nineteen ery Ta tan egal schol Francesco Cara war acme to ede sino wth ‘orm, pbc promise of mariage aod hen wo break thi proms fet ‘eiowering her bur gis who gave in other, “vulgar forms ofseduc ‘on had none br shemscves obit, Some othe ation’ ost pro- res Jui, inlating those who were calle to dat emo succes Proposals foranew penal cose ater the overthrow ofthe Past Repub. ‘rere promoting precaly ds iterpretason" “A dierent jrspradentia renency ws city the peas cours tier who overturned Lyro' aula “Th ecto the eed toluene the sprit ofthe minor, convincing het pv in Dot {mariage promise but rater vulgar and gene ston iy ‘ection cap of deceiving a gin Woman and make her cep the Thisnew undersanding of seocson spportd the increasingly poy ‘iar jr view hae the aw alr aac tothe times ot by de ing modern women the tight to defend thelr honor but by expanding 1 definition of sation. Jadges were urge ro dew from Seclog ‘al and peychologal tution” in order to integrate modern under standings of feale sexual and to counter new kind dangers young 140 Sueton Cael women ed. Hatori 42 portant tas deco by Judge al dino Siqueira, Hungria described the definitions of a snong is concempornis cea ae ic wil ofthc woman cats atten: ling htop ioe hemadae y ‘seduction current “Ie the enscemene of the ih suggestion Ie the poe ochmen, the eerated pote of ngage of was desire the who conidered Kimi an oppo Beat of postive legal doctrine, proce ne ‘ee ine, judges has mora Profesional obligation to mold the law to ange cn ‘The Politi of Freedom and Viegnty a4:‘the lnvidual involve in cach cae. Criminal law, Hang nated, ‘wes nocsimplypantve but normative wat up toads o apply the law in ways that ald is ewer Fnction of cil pline™ In ‘many cacy, this meane accepting changing gener norms snd pectin Young gs whose aitodes and sons deviated from the alder model “female vie and innocence. Italo meant tht jus abandoned the same paterais poste for deflower women between eighteen and twenty-one years ld cinating for them mot only teams to de, fend their honor, bat one of the only legal mean alate to demand ‘hil soppor trom the ates of eel cre, Finally. alah Bex le egal prncpes and the cams of mer ps ed jr to broaden the legal Goncepdion of emale honesty hc uspradence eased + ‘wide range of cera with whichto defend or condemn specie 1k. This mean thai practice, jets could use thei ew imerpreie ‘Powers in way that continued ore traditional socal projaices > Niner ‘Ham houiy tte n ET Cay aD Nia nye, sah =e an mut Fos nacns pats ‘Scheer ran 2s Co Pf sary ‘ey tin Et es nye ey ‘Sr rma bt on ov Cam ae, ‘Sei ex Hu, 2 da Sa ee, Rereing ay itr ont os apa ‘cing tofu Apa i bowed on tte st Sams a tt ie ee os ‘Sig ne oop {nse Hon age as ped “ 242 Sueann Cat wv m a “Tchr aged and ain nf Sra Cai Deh US See Ne on mt tw. Rio dene The Polite Of Freedom and Virginity 43(oe fe ren bx rt 8 Se einen Sei Ata ce aie epee om dese {qlee Un oS te eo, yee ‘Sento, Nac al ane ig CMs ny gam {Eile Eas oman nr pe ee ioscan inlrodeCcopencbamoe no hcg ‘mins nt me vo come efit roe ee ‘Se ring ten nthe Sy casero ere ah Seapets se eos ‘omen wptnasorate sega oe ‘sro rm Gans Goshen SOvcnesin es acne Rn tne ae rn ae Sure Rep fee en cena 2 Reda da hn rb ihn Ar ctn 7, Rie Spr (te) 6 % ao ber) st nme st ou ge Ritz do borane inet ee ee {sf rm aya rn itl an ere ‘tp (ont r n araonydvtana ee ee 244 Sues Cruel ‘itor anne como aang en ater in net ae < - 55 Se fe oe do ato, ag Sef soli ten meg em oH sta ls Ra ‘The Plc of Fecdom and Viginty. agg