INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.

Mark only one answer for each item by shading the

box corresponding to the Letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil
no. 2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE:

1. What is the magnitude of the temperature when the 0F scale and 0C scale are equal?
A. - 100 B. - 200 C. - 300 D. - 400

2. The pressure of a boiler is 9.5 kg/sq. cm. The barometric pressure of the atmosphere is 768 mm of mercury abs. Find the
absolute pressure in the boiler.
A. 1 058 kPa B. 1 068 kPa C. 1 034 kPa D. 1 024 kPa

3. A newly purchased boiler its pressure gage reads 75 psi during the test. Determine the bars if the barometer reads 755 torrs.
A. 4.246 B. 2.482 C. 6.178 D. 8.864

4. The condenser pressure reads 600 mm Hg vac. The surrounding condition is at 760 mm Hg. Determine equivalent condenser
pressure in bars absolute.
A. 0.2133 B. 0.4313 C. 0.6123 D. 0.8542

5. A 400 cm3 steel block weighs 10.5 N. Determine its density.

A. 2 676 kg/m3 B. 2 666 kg/m3 C. 2 656 kg/m3 D. 2 686 kg/m3

6. A temperature interval of 80 0F. Determine the corresponding value in K.

A. 55.55 B. 44.44 C. 33.33 D. 66.66

7. Determine the equivalent of 3 0L in 0C.

A. 65 B. 70 C. 75 D. 80

8. The Relative Density of oil is 1.10. Determine its mass density.

A. 1 100 kg/m3 B. 1 150 kg/m3 C. 1 200 kg/m3 D. 1 250 kg/m3

9. Convert 5 kN - m into kgf - m.

A. 515 kgf - m B. 510 kgf - m C. 520 kgf - m D. 525 kgf - m

10. Determine the equivalent of 69 0Re in 0F.

A. 183.45 0F B. 189.75 0F C. 187.25 0F D. 185.5 0F

11. Determine the specific weight of water at 4 0C in kg/L.

A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

12. Gas is flowing in a pipe with a velocity of 40 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the gas per kilogram of gas?
A. 0.4 B. 0.6 C. 0.2 D. 0.8

13. Determine the temperature of 10 liters of water at 30 0C after 83.74 kiloJoules of heat have been added to it.
A. 32 0C B. 34 0C C. 30 0C D. 28 0C

14. One kilogram of water ( Cp = 4.2 kJ/kg - K ) is heated by 300 Btu of energy. What is the change of temperature, in K?
A. 75.4 B. 95.4 C. 55.4 D. 115.4

15. Shaft work of - 15 Btu/lb and heat transfer of - 10 Btu/lb. What is the change in enthalpy of this system?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 7.5 D. 2.5

16. Find the change in internal energy if air changes its temperature from 100 0F to 450 0F.
A. 50 Btu/lb B. 40 Btu/lb C. 60 Btu/lb D. 30 Btu/lb

17. The specific gravity of mercury relative to water is 13.55. What is the specific weight of mercury? The specific weight of water
is 62.4 lb per cubic foot?
A. 102.3 kN/m3 B. 132.9 kN/m3 C. 150.9 kN/m3 D. 82.2 kN/m3

18. If air is at pressure, p, of 3,200 lb/ft2, and at a temperature, T, of 800 0R, what is the specific volume, v?
A. 14.2 ft3/lb B. 13.3 ft3/lb C. 11.2 ft3/lb D. 9.8 ft3/lb

19. The mass of air in the room 3 m x 5 m x 20 m is known to be 350 kg. Find its density.
A. 1.617 kg/m3 B. 1.716 kg/m3 C. 1.167 kg/m3 D. 1.176 kg/m3

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20. Convert a vacuum pressure of 110 mm of mercury into absolute pressure if atmospheric pressure is 10.5 m of H2O.
A. 3.7 m of H2O B. 9.1 m of H2O C. 45.6 m of H2O D. 99.5 m H2O

Solution:
solving for the Absolute pressure

Pabs = Pabs – Pv

or, in terms of head

habs = habs – hvac

habs = [ 10.5 m H2O abs ] – [ ( 110 mm Hgvac ) ( 10.34 m H2Oabs/760 mm Hgabs ) ] = 9.003 m H2Oabs

21. A tank contains H2O. What is the intensity of pressure at a depth of 6 meters?
A. 68 kPa B. 78 kPa C. 58.8 kPa D. 48.7 kPa

Solution:
solving for the intensity of pressure

P = γw h
P = ρw ( go/gc ) h
9.81 m/ s2
3
P = ( 1 000 kg/m ) ( 6 m ) = 58.86 kPa g
kg - m 1 000 N
1 x
N - s2 1 kN

22. The specific gravity of mercury relative to water is 13.55. What is the specific weight of mercury? The specific weight of water
is 62.4 lb per cubic foot?
A. 102.3 kN/m3 B. 132.9 kN/m3 C. 150.9 kN/m3 D. 82.2 kN/m3

Solution:
solving for the specific weight of the mercury

specific weight of mercury = ( mass density of mercury ) ( g o/gc )

γHg = ρHg ( go/gc )
γHg = [ s.g.Hg ( ρw ) ] ( go/gc )
9.81 m/ s2
3
γHg = ( 13.55 ) ( 1 000 kg/m ) = 132.9 kN/m3
kg - m 1 000 N
1 x
N - s2 1 kN

23. What is the pressure 8,000 ft ( 2 000 m ) below the surface of the ocean? Neglect the compressibility factor, in SI Units.
The specific gravity of sea water ( s.g.sw ) is 1.025
A. 21.4 MPa B. 20.1 MPa C. 21.0 MPa D. 22.3 MPa

Solution:
solving for the ( static ) pressure below the surface of the ocean

P = γsw h
P = ρsw ( go/gc ) h
P = [ s.g.sw ( ρw ) ( go/gc ) ] h
9.81 m/ s2
P = 1.025 ( 1 000 kg/m3 ) ( 2 000 m ) = 20 111 kPa = 20.111 MPa
kg - m 1 000 N
1 x
N - s2 1 kN

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24. An iron block weighs 5 N and has a volume of 200 cm3. What is the density of the block?
A. 988 kg/m3 B. 1 255 kg/m3 C. 2 550 kg/m3 D. 800 kg/m3

Solution:
solving for the density of the iron

ρiron = miron/Viron
ρiron = ( 0.5097 kg )/( 2 x 10 - 4 m3 ) = 2 548.5 kg/m3

where:
F = m ( gc/go )
m = F ( gc/go ) = 5 N [ ( 1 kg - m/N - s2 )/( 9.81 m/s2 ) ] = 0.5097 kg

V = 200 cm3 [ 1 m3/( 100 ) 3 cm3 ) ] = 2 x 10 - 4 m3

25. Steam at 1,000 lb/ft2 pressure and 300 0R has a specific volume of 6.5 ft3/lb and a specific enthalpy of 9,800 ft - lb. Find the
internal energy per pound mass of steam.
A. 5,400 B. 3,300 C. 6,400 D. 2,500

Solution:
solving for the internal energy per pound mass of steam

h=u+Pv
9,800 = u + 1,000 ( 6.5 )
u = 3,300 ft - lbf/lbm

26. Given steam pressure of 900 lb/ft2, temperature of 300 0F and specific volume of 5.8 ft3/lb. If the specific enthalpy is
9,500 ft - lb/lb, what is the internal energy per lb of steam?
A. 4,400 B. 3,900 C. 3,600 D. 4,280

Solution:
solving for the internal energy per lb of steam

h=u+Pv
9,500 = u + 900 ( 5.8 )
u = 4,280 ft - lbf/lbm

27. One useful equation used in the change of enthalpy of compressible liquid with constant specific heat is

h2 – h1 = C ( T2 – T1 ) + v ( P2 – P1 )
for water: Cp = 4.187 kJ/kg - K and v = 1.00 x 10 - 3 m3/kg has the following states:
state 1: t1 = 19 0C P1 = 1.013 x 10 5 Pa
state 2: t2 = 30 0C P2 = 0.113 MPa

What is the change in enthalpy from state 1 to state 2?

A. 46.0 kJ/kg B. 56.0 kJ/kg C. 46.0 kJ/kg D. 46.0 kJ/kg

Solution:
solving for the change in enthalpy

h2 – h1 = Cp ( T2 – T1 ) + v ( P2 – P1 )
h2 – h1 = 4.187 ( 30 – 19 ) + 0.001 ( 113 – 101.3 )
Δh = 46 kJ/kg

28. 100 g of water are mixed with 150 g alcohol ( ρ = 790 kg/m3 ). What is the specific volume of the resulting mixtures, assuming
the fluids mixed completely?
A. 0.82 cm3/g B. 0.88 cm3/g C. 0.63 cm3/g D. 1.20 cm3/g
Solution:
solving for the specific volume of the resulting mixtures

specific volume of mixture = Total volume of mixture /Total mass of mixture

γm = Vm/mm
γm = 289.9 cm3/250 g = 1.1596 cm3/g

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 where:
Total mass of mixture = mw + ma
mm = 100 + 150 = 250 g

Total volume of mixture = mw/ρw + ma/ρa

Vm = ( 0.1/1 000 ) + ( 0.15/790 )
Vm = 2.899 x 10 - 4 m3 = 289.9 cm3

29. 100 g of water are mixed with 150 g of alcohol ( ρ = 790 kg/m3 ). What is the specific gravity of the resulting mixtures,
assuming the fluids mixed completely?
A. 0.96 B. 0.63 C. 0.82 D. 0.86

Solution:
solving for the specific gravity of the resulting mixtures

specific gravity of mixture = mass density of mixture/mass density of water

s.g.m = ρm/ρw
s.g.m = 862/1 000 = 0.862

where:
mass density of mixture = Total mass of mixture/Total volume of mixture
ρm = mm/Vm
ρm = 0.250/2.899 x 10 - 4 = 862 kg/m3

Total mass of mixture = mw + ma = 100 + 150 = 250 g = 0.25 kg

Total volume of mixture = Vw + Va

Vm = mw/ρw + ma/ρa
Vm = ( 0.1/1 000 ) + ( 0.15/790 )
Vm = 2.899 x 10 - 4 m3 = 289.9 cm3

30. Sixty kilograms of air with enthalpy of 80 kJ/kg is mixed with another X air until the mixture is 100 kg and 70 kJ/kg.
Determine the enthalpy of X air before mixing.
A. 23 kJ/kg B. 17 kJ/kg C. 44 kJ/kg D. 55 kJ/kg

Solution:
solving for the enthalpy of X air before mixing

m1 ( h1 ) + mx ( hx ) = mm ( hm )
60 ( 80 ) + 40 ( hx ) = 100 ( 70 )
hx = 55 kJ/kg

where:
m1 + mx = mm
60 + mx = 100
mx = 40 kg

31. A 90 kg air at 20 0C is mixed with 45 kg air at 45 0C. Find the temperature after mixing.
A. 23.34 0C B. 26.34 0C C. 28.33 0C D. 32.34 0C

Solution:
solving for the temperature after mixing

Energy balance at the mixing chamber

m1 Cpa t1 + m2 Cpa t2 = ( m1 + m2 ) Cpa tm
( 90 ) ( 1 ) ( 20 ) + ( 45 ) ( 1 ) ( 45 ) = ( 90 + 45 ) ( 1 ) t m
tm = 28.33 0C

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32. What is the Btu/hr equivalent for 1 horsepower?
A. 778 B. 2,545 C. 746 D. 3.41

33. A steam turbine receives 70 pounds of steam per minute with an enthalpy of 1,600 Btu per pound and a velocity of 100 ft/sec.
It leaves the turbine at 900 ft/sec and 1,320 Btu/lb enthalpy. The radiation loss is 84,000 Btu/hr. Find the horsepower output.
A. 423 hp B. 413 hp C. 403 hp D. 433 hp

Solution:
solving for the power output of the steam turbine

Energy balance at the steam turbine

Ein = Eout
PE1 + KE1 + H1 = PE2 + KE2 + H2 + Q + WSF
PE1 + KE1 + ms ( h1 ) = PE2 + KE2 + ms ( h2 ) + Q + WSF

let: z1 = z2

PT = 1/2 ( ms/gc ) [ v12 – v22 ] + ms ( h1 – h2 ) – Q

PT = [ 1/2 { ( 70/60 )/32.2 ] ( 1002 – 9002 ) } ]/ 550 + [ 70 ( 1,600 – 1,320 ) ]/42.4 – [ 84,000/2,545 ]
PT = 403 hp

34. Steam enters a turbine stage with a enthalpy of 3 628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and leaves the same stage with an enthalpy of
2 846 kJ/kg and a velocity of 124 m/s. Calculate the work done by steam turbine.
A. 776.76 kJ/kg B. 873.45 kJ/kg C. 567.23 kJ/kg D. 923.34 kJ/kg

Solution:
solving for the work done by the steam turbine per unit mass

Energy balance at the steam turbine

Ein = Eout
PE1 + KE1 + H1 = PE2 + KE2 + H2 + Q + WSF
PE1 + KE1 + ms ( h1 ) = PE2 + KE2 + ms ( h2 ) + Q + WSF

let: z1 = z2 and Q = 0

KE1 + ms ( h1 ) = KE2 + ms ( h2 ) + WSF

WSF = 1/2 ( ms/gc ) ( v12 – v22 ) + ms ( h1 – h2 )
PT/ms = 1/2 [ ( v12 – v22 )/gc ] + ( h1 – h2 )
PT/ms = 1/2 [ ( 702 – 1242 )/( 1 x 1 000 ) ] + ( 3 628 – 2 846 ) = 776.762 kJ/kg

35. A steam turbine has an inlet enthalpy of 2 800 kJ/kg with velocity of 40 m/s. The exit steam condition is 2 650 kJ/kg. Find the
exit velocity.
A. 549.18 m/s B. 323.55 m/s C. 456.34 m/s D. 658.23 m/s

Solution:
solving for the exit velocity

Energy balance at the steam turbine

Ein = Eout
PE1 + KE1 + H1 = PE2 + KE2 + H2 + Q + WSF
PE1 + KE1 + ms ( h1 ) = PE2 + KE2 + ms ( h2 ) + Q + WSF

let: z1 = z2 ; Q = 0 and WSF

1/2 ( ms/gc ) v12 + ms ( h1 ) = 1/2 ( ms/gc ) v22 + ms ( h2 )

1/2 ( v12/gc ) + h1 = 1/2 ( v22/gc ) + h2
1/2 [ ( 40 ) /( 1 x 1 000 ) ] + 2 800 = 2 650 + 1/2 [ ( v2 )2/( 1 x 1 000 ) ]
2

v2 = 549.18 m/s

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36. If air is at pressure ( P ) of 3,200 lb/ft2 and at a temperature ( T ) of 800 0R, what is the specific volume, v?
A. 14.2 ft3/lb B. 13.3 ft3/lb C. 11.2 ft3/lb D. 9.8 ft3/lb

Solution:
solving for the specific volume

Pa Va = ma Ra Ta
Va/ma = Ra Ta/Pa
va = [ ( 53.3 ) ( 800 ) ]/3,200 = 13.375 ft3/lb

37. An ideal gas at 0.60 atmospheric and 87 0C occupies 0.450 liter. How many moles are in the sample?
( R = 0.0821 liter - atm/mole - K )
A. 0.0002 mole B. 0.0378 mole C. 0.0198 mole D. 0.0091 mole

Solution:
solving for the number of mole

P V=nRT
( 0.60 atm ) ( 0.450 liter ) = n ( 0.0821 liter - atm/mole - K ) ( 87 0C + 2730 ) K
n = 0.009135 mole

38. An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is 25 0C, to the surface where the temperature 27 0C.
Find the percent increase in volume of the bubble if the depth of the well is 5 m. Atmospheric pressure is 101.528 kPa.
A. 49.3 B. 41.3 C. 56.7 D. 38.6

Solution:
solving for the percent increase in volume of the bubble

% increase in volume = ( V2 – V1 )/V1 x 100 %

% increase in volume = [ V2 – ( 0.66976 V2 ) ]/( 0.66976 V2 ) x 100 % = 49.3076 %

where:
P1 V1/T1 = P2 V2/T2
( 150.578 kPa ) ( V1 )/298 K = ( 101.528 kPa ) ( V2 )/300 K
V1 = 0.66976 V2

since:
T1 = 25 0C + 2730 = 298 K
T2 = 27 0C + 2730 = 300 K

P1 = Patm + P1gage
P1 = 101.528 kPa + 49.05 kPag = 150.578 kPa

but:
P1gage = γw h
P1gage = ρw ( go/gc ) h
P1gage = ( 1 000 kg/m3 ) [ ( 9.81 m/s2 )/( 1 kg - m/N - s2 x 1 000 N/kN ) ] ( 5 m )
P1gage = 49.05 kPag

39. A volume of 450 cc of air is measured at a pressure of 740 mm Hg absolute and a temperature of 20 0C. What is the volume in
cc at 760 mm Hg absolute and 0 0C?
A. 516.12 B. 408.25 C. 620.76 D. 375.85
Solution:
solving for the final volume

P1 V1/T1 = P2 V2/T2
[ 740 ( 450 ) ]/[ ( 20 + 273 ) ] = [ ( 760 ) ( V2 ) ]/[ ( 0 + 273 ) ]
V2 = 408.25 cc

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40. How much heat in kJ must be transferred to 20 kg of air to increase the temperature from 20 0C to 280 0C if the pressure is
maintained constant?
A. 2 500 B. 2 050 C. 5 200 D. 5 500

Solution:
solving for the heat energy transferred to the air

QA = ma Cpa ( t2 – t1 ) = 20 ( 1 kJ/kg - 0C ) ( 280 – 20 ) 0C = 5 200 kJ

41. The mass of air in the room 3 m x 5 m x 20 m is known to be 350 kg. Find its density.
A. 1.617 kg/m3 B. 1.716 kg/m3 C. 1.167 kg/m3 D. 1.176 kg/m3
Solution:
solving for the density of air

mass density of air = mass of air/Volume of air

ρa = ma/Va
ρa = 350/300 = 1.167 kg/m3

where:
VROOM = ( 3 ) ( 5 ) ( 20 ) = 300 m3 = Va

42. A transportation company specializes in the shipment of pressurized gaseous materials. An order is received for 100 liters of a
particular gas at STP ( 32 0F and 1 atm ). What minimum volume tank is necessary to transport the gas at 80 0F and a
maximum pressure of 8 atm?
A. 16 liters B. 14 liters C. 10 liters D. 12 liters
Solution:
solving for the minimum volume of the tank

P1 V1/T1 = P2 V2/T2
[ ( 1 atm ) ( 100 liters ) ]/[ ( 32 + 460 ) 0R ] = [ ( 8 atm ) ( V2 ) ]/[ ( 80 + 460 ) 0R ]
V2 = 14 liters

43. A bicycle has a volume of 600 cm3. It is inflated with carbon dioxide to pressure of 80 psi at 20 0C. How many grams of carbon
dioxide are contained in the tire?
A. 5.98 g B. 6.43 g C. 4.63 g D. 3.83 g

Solution:
solving for the mass of carbon dioxide contained in the tire

PCO2 VCO2 = mCO2 RCO2 TCO2

( 551.43 ) ( 0.0006 ) = m CO2 ( 0.189 ) ( 293 )
mCO2 = 0.00598 kg

where:
PCO2 = 80 psia ( 101.325 kPa/14.7 psia ) = 551.43 kPa
VCO2 = 600 cm3 ( 1 m/100 cm )3 = 0.0006 m3
RCO2 = R/MWCO2 = 8.314 kJ/kg mol - K/44 kg/kg mol = 0.189 kJ/kg – K

since:
MWCO2 = [ 12 ( 1 ) + 2 ( 16 ) ] = 44 kg/kg mol

TCO2 = 20 0C + 2730 = 293 K

44. Determine the average Cp value in kJ/kg - K of a gas if 522 kJ/kg of heat is necessary to raise the temperature from 300 K to
800 K making the pressure constant.
A. 1.440 B. 1.044 C. 1.038 D. 1.026

Solution:
solving for the specific heat gas constant at constant pressure process

Q = m C p ( t 2 – t1 )
Q/m = Cp ( t2 – t1 )
522 = ( Cp ) ( 800 – 300 )
Cp = 1.044 kJ/kg - K
[7]
45. A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 160 kN/m2 gage and temperature of 30 0C. The air is heated at constant volume to
60 0C with the atmospheric pressure as 759 mm Hg. What is the final gage pressure?
A. 175.8 B. 185.8 C. 165.8 D. 155.8

Solution:
solving for the final gage pressure

P2g = P2 – Patm
P2g = 287 – 101.2 = 185.8 kPag

where:
for closed vessel constant ( V = C )
P1 V1/T1 = P2 V2/T2
P1/T1 = P2/T2
[ ( 101.2 +160 ) ]/[ ( 30 + 273 ) ] = [ P2 ]/[ ( 60 + 273 ) ]
P2 = 287 kPa

also:
Patm = 759 mm Hg abs ( 101.325 kPa/760 mm Hg abs ) = 101.2 kPa

46. An ideal gas at 45 psig and 80 0F is heated in a closed container to 130 0F. What is the final pressure?
A. 54 psia B. 65 psia C. 75 psia D. 43 psia

Solution:
solving for the final pressure

for a closed container the process is constant volume ( V = C )

P1 V1/T1 = P2 V2/T2
P1/T1 = P2/T2
( 14.7 + 45 ) psia/( 80 + 460 ) 0R = P2/( 130 + 460 ) 0R
P2 = 65.23 psia

47. Assuming compression is according to the law P V = constant. Calculate the initial volume of gas at a pressure of 2 bar which
will occupy a volume of 6 cubic meters when it is compressed to a pressure of 42 bar.
A. 126 m3 B. 120 m3 C. 130 m3 D. 136 m3

Solution:
solving for the initial volume

P1 V1 = P2 V2
2 ( V1 ) = 42 ( 6 )
V1 = 126 m3

48. Air in a rigid vessel has an initial temperature of 30 0C and a final temperature of 80 0C. The work done is __________.
A. 3 kJ B. 30 kJ C. 20 kJ D. 0 kJ

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