Carlos-Domdom-Zulueta

TOPIC:

BIO-MARINE HABITATS (FLORA)

TITLE PROPOSAL:

A PROPOSED BIO-MARINE COMPLEX

A PROTECTIVE MARINE HABITAT CONSERVATION HUB

The Philippines is known to be the world’s center of marine diversity and has the
highest species richness.
It has a population of 100 million, with a poverty rate of nearly 25 percent.
Biodiversity and ecosystems are key to lifting people out of poverty, contributing to our
economy, and strengthening our resilience to climate change.

Being situated at the apex of the Coral Triangle, is considered to be the richest
marine eco-region in the world or the Center of Marine Shore fish Diversity. The Coral
Triangle region is located along the equator at the confluence of the Western Pacific
and Indian Oceans.

Using coral and reef fish diversity as the two major criteria, the boundaries of
this region are defined by scientists as covering all or part of the exclusive economic
zones of six countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the
Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste.

On the other hand, fisher overcapacity has resulted in major overexploitation of

Philippine reef fisheries. Demersal fish stocks are biologically and economically
overfished in almost all areas other than Eastern Luzon, Palawan, and the Southern
Sulu Sea (BFAR, n.d.)

IDENTIFIED PROBLEMS
Habitat Alteration is the primary threat to marine biodiversity due to
destructive human activities and natural disasters.
According to UP Marine Science Institute and Biodiversity Management Bureau
revealed that less than 1% of the Philippine coral reefs are in excellent condition.
Humans and Mother Nature share blame in the destruction of ocean habitats, but not
equally. About 80-90 per cent of the incomes of small island communities come from
fisheries.

Destructive Human activities are:

1. Chemical and Sewage Pollution
2. Overfishing and Illegal Fishing
3. Mainly ingestion of plastics and other Solid Wastes dumped into the ocean.
4. Deforestation and Urbanization
5. Mining and Logging
6. Habitat Destruction

Natural Disasters which produce a great impact:

1. Ocean acidification which can cause coral bleaching
2. Invasion of Alien Species
3. Hurricane and Typhoons
4. Storm Surge and Tsunami
5. Earthquakes

GOAL
❑ To preserve,conserve, and restore biomarine habitats below water.

OBJECTIVES
❑ To design a biomarine habitat sanctuary.
❑ To provide a rehabilitation facility for the damaged biomarine habitat.
❑ To provide a biomarine habitat nursery.
❑ To minimize waste output of the complex by providing a material
recovery facility.
❑ To provide facilities that promotes and gives awareness about biomarine
habitats.
❑ To provide an efficient use of energy by using clean and sustainable
energy.
❑ To design a built and natural landscape and waterscape.
LEGAL BASES
REPUBLIC ACT
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7586
(1992) NATIONAL INTEGRATED
PROTECTED AREAS SEYSTEM
(NIPAS) ACT
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9147
(2001) WILDLIFE RESOURCES
CONSERVATION AND
PROTECTION ACT (CHAP. 3,
ART.2-5)
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8550
(1998) PHILIPPINE FISHERIES
CODE
PROTECTS ENDANGERED
SPECIES
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10654
AN ACT TO PREVENT, DETER
AND ELIMINATE ILLEGAL,
UNREPORTED AND
UNREGULATED FISHING,
AMENDING REPUBLIC ACT NO.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Provides for the establishment and
management of protected areas in the
Philippines.
Dedicated to the conservation of the
country’s wildlife resources and their habitat for
sustainability.
Section 11. Protection of Rare, Threatened and
Endangered Species- The Department shall
declare closed seasons and take conservation
and rehabilitation measures for rare, threatened
and endangered species, as it may determine,
and shall ban the fishing and/or taking of rare,
threatened and/or endangered species,
including their eggs/offspring as identified by
existing laws in concurrence with concerned
government agencies.
Section 97. Fishing or Taking of Rare,
Threatened or Endangered Species- It shall be
unlawful to fish or take rare, threatened or
endangered species as listed in the CITIES and
as determined by the Department.
Section 87. Engaging in Unauthorized Fisheries
Activities. – It shall be unlawful for any person to
exploit, occupy, produce, breed or culture fish,
fry or fingerlings of any fishery species or fishery
products or construct and operate fish corrals,
8550, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS fish traps, fish pens and fish cages or fishponds
"THE PHILIPPINE FISHERIES without a license, lease or permit.
CODE OF 1998," AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES Section 92. Fishing Through Explosives,
Noxious or Poisonous Substance, or Electricity.
– (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to catch,
take or gather or cause to be caught, taken or
gathered fish or any fishery species in Philippine
waters with the use of explosives, noxious or
poisonous substance such as sodium cyanide,
which will kill, stupefy, disable or render
unconscious fish or fishery
species: Provided, That the Department, subject
to such safeguards and conditions deemed
necessary and with the endorsement from the
concerned LGUs, may allow, for research,
educational or scientific purposes only, the use
of poisonous or noxious substances to catch,
take or gather fish or fishery species: Provided,
further, That the use of poisonous or noxious
substances to eradicate predators and pests in
fishponds in accordance with accepted scientific
practices and without causing adverse
environmental impact in neighboring waters and
grounds shall not be construed as illegal fishing.

The discovery of dynamite, other explosives

and chemical compounds which contain
combustible elements, or noxious or poisonous
substances, or equipment or device for
electrofishing in any fishing vessel or in the
possession of any fisherfolk, operator, fishing
boat official or fishworker shall constitute a prima
facie presumption that any of these devices was
used for fishing in violation of this Code.

Section 96. Ban on Coral Exploitation and

Exportation. – It shall be unlawful for any person
or corporation to gather, possess, commercially
transport, sell or export ordinary, semi-precious
and precious corals, whether raw or in
processed form, except for scientific or research
purposes. It shall also be unlawful for any
person, corporation or entity to commit any
activity that damage coral reefs.
Section 97. Ban on Muro-ami, Other Methods
and Gear Destructive to Coral Reefs and Other
Marine Habitat. – (a) It shall be unlawful for any
person, natural or juridical, to fish with gear or
method that destroys coral reefs, seagrass
beds, and other fishery marine life habitat as
may be determined by the Department. ‘Muro-
ami’ and any of its variation, and such similar
gears and methods that require diving, other
physical or mechanical acts to pound the coral
reefs and other habitat to entrap, gather or catch
fish and other fishery species are also
prohibited.

Section 99. Conversion of Mangroves. – It

shall be unlawful for any person to convert
mangroves into fishponds or for any other
purpose.

Section 107. Aquatic Pollution. – Aquatic

pollution, as defined in this Code, shall be
unlawful.
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
- Our government has also signed agreements with other countries for the
conservation of our marine wildlife.
International Agreement Brief Description
Rio Declaration on SEC. 2, CHAP. 17 – Protection of the oceans, all kinds
Environment and of seas, including enclosed and semi-enclosed seas,
Development & Agenda and coastal areas and the protection, rational use and
21 development of their living resources
(Section 2, Chap. 17)
United Nations Part XIII – Marine Scientific Research
Convention on the Law of
the Sea(UNCLOS)
Part XIII
Convention on Biological Article 6 – Develop national strategies, plans or
Diversity(CBD) programmes for the conservation and sustainable use
of biodiversity or adapt existing strategies for this
purpose
Convention on the An international agreement between governments
International Trade of aimed at ensuring that the trade of wild animals
Endangered Species of worldwide does not threaten their survival. Appendix I
Wild Flora and (banned), II (monitored), III (protected in at least one
Fauna (CITES) country to control the trade)
Appendix I, II, III
Convention on Migratory It is an intergovernmental treaty, concluded under the
Species(CMS) guidance of the United Nations Environment
Appendix I, II Programme (UNEP), concerned with the conservation
of wildlife and habitats on a global scale.It aims to
conserve terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory
species throughout their range.