Active voice and Passive, remember the following: eg ce can exist without a verb. Before . that no senten m2 y Ww ind the transitive and intransitiye Veh kno! ‘i ‘As we already call to your mi We cannot make passive voice from an intransitive verb; as Igo to college. (In this sentence, the action of going doesn't pass over to college.) Similarly watch this sentence: He studies at Punjab College. (In this sentence, the action of studying does not pass over to the college auf word 'study’ is used intransitively.) Tiwe say: He studies his course. (Here ‘study’ is used transitively and its passive voice is possible.) A sentence in the active voi voi i ‘ Proper place in the sentenee 7S © Sublect as the doer of an action I She boils eggs, vo ‘i iene subject which receives the actio™ actual subject is absent or out of Pitabject of active voice becom a les the agent of passij i /fowever in Modern English, gent is not Peer ae 3 as (Active Voice) Active & Passive Voice (Passive voice in Moder following the routine we form the passive Voice ggsare boiled by her. (Traditional method) (ulythe third form of verb can be used in the passive voice, fiechanges in pronouns are as follows: Active Voice (Subject) m English) traditionally. Voice (Object) Passive voice is kept is being kept was kept was being kept has been kept had been kept will be kept would be kept would have been kept to be kept to have been kept being kept having been kept‘A Pragmatic Approach to Functional FSU" ¢ from active voice into passive voice by fy ci We can transform a senten ae seasaaratcly! certain rules mentioned below for eac’ In this tense the 3” form of verb takes is/am/are as helping verb before jt Active Voice: We eat mangoes. Passive Voice: Mangoes are eaten by us. In interrogative sentences and negative sentences, do or does is omi 'is/am/are' is used according to the need of the object; as Active Voice: He does not play cricket. Passive Voice: Cricket is not played by him. Active Voice: Passive Voice: Do We eat mangoes? Are mangoes eaten by us? Why do they raise slogans? * Why are slogans raised by them?_gproech to Functional English -433. PRT AoA Oe Active & Passive Voice rd this tense the 3” form of verb takes "is fos _, yet before it; as es lis being, am being or are being" as Active Voice: She is cooking food. passive Voice: Food is being cooked by her, In fee sentences "is not being, am not being, are not being" is used as zvetb and is/am/are is used in the beginning of interrogative sentences even before st Active Voice: They are not buying a car. Passive Voice: A car is not being bought by them. Active Voice: Am I cutting the cake? Passive Voice: Is the cake being cut by me? Active Voice: Where is he reading a book? Passive Voice: Where is a book being read by him? following into Passive Voice: = detective stories. g apiece of cloth. g the fields?ee Active gp Pa “ Ws ——— Ls "has not been" or "have not been" is Useq ay Ae is es ey a * = ’ In the negate ie Hg placed at the beginning of interrogatiye Senter rs verb whereas "has" or the subject; as Active Voice: . Ihave not finished the task. : The task has not been finished by me. Passive Voit im? ‘Active Voice: Have you beaten him? Passive Voice: Has he been beaten by you? eh ilk? Active Voice: When have you drunk milk? ae Passive Voice: When has milk been drunk by you? es Why Change the following into Passive Voice: 1." She has taught the students. 2. Have they cut the crop? 3. Thave sent him a message. : 4. He has not sharpened the pencil, 5. When have they ironed the clothes? Present-P To some people this ten: : . ‘unusual in English, Therefore iteannor Po oo into passive voice but this 64 ‘ a tthe (ith ‘was not! or ‘were ™ beginning of the sentenc?to Functional English, ~435. “aie Voice: Did she cut Potatoes? eVoice: Were potatoes Cut by her? wn Voice: Why did we display Wealth? pssive Voice: Why was wealth displayed by us? sgthe following into Passive Voice: They killed a snake. she did not bake bread. Active & Passive Voice Did you see her yesterday? When did he make tea? Why did I not win the game? LenS Inthis tense, the 3 form of verb takes 'was being’ or 'were being’ as helping verb it as Active Voice: She was reading a story. Passive Voice: A story was being read by her. A x ‘were not being’ is put as helping verb netane sentences pees nat oe wg of an interrogative sentence before the .. Ot ‘were’ is placed anal 4 \irt. a tas: She was not sewing his sh : Bee ruic chirt was not being 6" PY DET were they drinking water? peing drunk by them?it ive Voice: Change the following into Passive 1. She was posting a letter 2. He was not sending messages: 3. Were they chasing the robbers? 4. When were you giving him a test? 5, Why was I not driving this car? In this tense, the 3 form of verb takes "had been" as helping verb befor Active Voice: ‘They had taken lunch. Passive Voice: Lunch had been taken by them. In negative sentences "had not been" is used as helping verb and ‘had isp: the beginning of an interrogative sentence before the subject; as Active Voice: They had not planted a tree. Passive Voice: A tree had not been planted by them. Active Voice: Had he given green signal? Passive Voice: Had green signal been given by him? Why had she broken the glass? Why had the glass been broken by her? Active Voice: Passive Voice: Change the following into Passive V, Ve They had picked the garbage i . 2 3. 4. iceto Functional English Past P. Active & Passive Voice ys keCTEnens st e is never used in the passive Voice arma A piistense, the 3° form of verb takes "will be" or "shall be" before it; as seYVoice: shall make a plan, sie Voice: A plan will be made by me innegative sentences “will not be" or "shall not be" is used as helping verb and sill is placed before the subject of an interrogative sentence; as ‘ine Voice: He will not type this letter. sine Voice: This letter will not be typed by him. kireVoice: Shall I stop him? ive Voice: Will he be stopped by me? » Why will you solve the problem? ; Why will the problem be solved by you?eee dial ——————eEe_. i assive voice. This tense is never used in the P: ETNIES rd In this tense, the 3 from 0: helping verb; as Active Voice: shall have won the race. f verb takes "will have been" or "shall hoy Passive Voice: The race will have been won by me. In negative sentence “will not have been" or "shall not have been’, helping verb and ‘will or 'shall is placed before the subject of an interrogative sx Active Voice: shall not have bought some gifts. Passive Voice: Some gifts will not have been bought by me. Active Voice: Will he have purchased books? Passive Voice: Will books have been purchased by him? Active Voice: When will the farmers have harvested the crops? Passive Voice: When will the crops have been harvested by the farnes! Change the following into Pa: jive Voice: iB He will have killed a lion, Pe She will not have Prepared tea, ye Will he have pushed the door? 4. Why will they have locked : the gate? Shall Inothave spoitedhiminActive & Passive Voice ive voice of an imperative Sentence starts with ta it affirmative Sentences, the be + 3 form is a jee, not be + 3" form is used: as Bum the candle, ice: Let the candle be burt. Unlock the drawer. Let the drawer be unlocked. ‘let’ and followed by the ed while in the negative Do not eat sour grapes. ice: Let sour grapes not be eaten. litre Voice: Do not throw your books Voice: Let your books not be thrown. ireVoice: Please tell me an old tale. ive Voice: I request an old tale be told by you. Voice: Kindly do me a favour. Voice: I request a favour be done to me MeVoice: Please have a cup of tea. te Voice: I request a cup of tea be had. or Let a cup of tea be had please. Or ene or (verb + pre| : a _ ii verb while making a sentence passive Pee They look after the garden. e The garden is looked after by them. @ She will think upon the idea. — ‘The idea will be thought upo" PY f ily. his brother dail , i is talked to by him daily: