Lahore Garrison University

Sector-C, Phase-6, DHA Lahore

Assignment # 1

Instructor: Mr. Zunair Mahmood Deadline: 4-11-2019

Course Title: Discrete Structures (DS) Marks:10
Fall 2019 (3rd semester)

Q1: Consider:
Premises: If there was a Football Match, then It was difficult to get to the Emirates stadium. If the teams
arrived on time, then It was not difficult to get to the Emirates stadium. The teams arrived on time.
Conclusion: There was no Football Match.

Determine whether the conclusion follows logically from the premises. Explain by representing the statements
symbolically and using rules of inference.

Q2: The following is a logical proof for

((p → q) ∧ (¬r ∨ s) ∧ (p ∨ r)) → (¬q → s).
steps reasons
1. ¬ (¬q → s)
2. ¬q ∧ ¬s
3. ¬s
4. ¬r ∨ s
5. ¬r
6. p → q
7. ¬q
8. ¬p
9. p ∨ r
10. r
11. ¬ r ∧ r
12. ¬q → s
a). Give a reason to justify each step of the proof. (Hint: This is a
proof by contradiction.)
b). Give a direct proof.

Q3: Justify the following conditions using proof by Contraposition and Contradiction.
(a) If m * n is even then m is even or n is even.
(b) For all integers m and n, if m + n is even then m and n are both even or m and n are both odd.