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    math grade 8

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    math grade 8

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    18 views48 pages

    Math Grade 8

    Uploaded by

    Tran Phuc Hung
    math grade 8

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 48
    Mon TOAN LMUCTIEU Mén Todn & Trung hgc co si nh gidp hoc sinh dat duoc: 1. Ve kien thie Nhimg kign thie co bin vé: - $6 va cde phép tinh trén tp hop sthyc. _- Tap bop: bidu thie di 86, phuong trinh (bée nat, béc hai, quy vé béc hai); hé phuong tinh bic nbét hai an; bat phuong trinh bac nhat mot dn. ~ Him s6 va d6 thi, = Cac quan hé hinh higc va mot s¢ hin thang dung (diém, dung thing, mit phing, inh tam gie, hin da side, hin ‘rn, hinh ling ty, hinh hp, hinh chép, hiah chép cut, hnh ty, hinh nén, hinh edu); ti 6 lug gide cia g6e nhon, - Thong ke, 2.Veki ning Ce Kinng co bin - Thue hign duge céc phép tinh don gin trén sO thy. ~ Vé dupe 4 thi him sO bac mht, him s6 y = ax, - Gidi thinh thao phuong trinh (bic nbét, bac hai, quy vé b§e nhat va béc hai), bé phuong trinh béc abt hai an, bat phon trinh bc nhat mgt an, dae; tinh di di, ge, dig tc, thé tich, Tigu thdng ké don gidn, - Thu thp vax - Ube lugng két qua do dae vi tinh todn, g00e - 8 ct AV OT OS OymeHOS aut 1 Ae2u 60 OS 900 - 8- = LawSoft « - Sit dung ede cbng cu do, v8, tinh tod, ~ Suy ludn v8 chimg min, ~ Gili tod va vén dung kién thie todn hoc trong hoc tip v2 ddi séng. 3. Vétmduy ~ Kha ning quan sit, dy doda, suy luén hop Ii va suy ludn logic. ~ Cé thao tée tu duy co ban (phan tich, tong hop), - Cc pham chat tu duy, dc bigt I tr dy link boat, dGc Kip va séng tao. ~ Kha nding dign dat chinh xdc, 1 ring f tung cia minh va higu duge ¢ tudng cia nguéi kh. - Phat trign tr tucmg trong khdng gian, 4, Ve thai dG ~ CO thite tu hoe, himg tht tin trong hge tip. - C6 dite tinh trang thye, en ci, vugtkho, cin thn, chinh xe, ki lu, sing tao. ~C6,¥ thi hop té, tran trong thinh qué lao dng cia minh va cia ngubi kh - Nhfn bit duge vé dep ita todn hoe va yeu thich min Toén, ILNOIDUNG 1 Kéhoach day hge Lop Sotiévtudn | Sétwin | Téng sb tiétindim 6 4 35 140 7 4 35 140 8 4 35 140 9 4 35 140 Cong (toin cap) 140 560 Str O¥NO> 900 - B= ET AFH GOS. 9002 - 8- EI AeAt OT OS 2. NOi dung day hoc timg lop LOP6 4 tied tun X 35 tudn = 140 tet Si hge Hinh hoe 1. On tip va bo tie vé 96 uy nhién 1. Diém. Duong thing, Ba GiGi thigu tp bop, pln tr ia tp hop. Céc Mi higu €, €, C, 3, 0. HE thép phn. Céo dim thing hing. Dung chit sb sé La Mi hay ding. we ceOng va ahin, ede tinh chat co bin, Phép tnt (dieu | thang di qua hai diém. Tia. ign thu hin) va phép chia (chia ht va chia c6 du). Liy thi, niin va chia hai lity thiza| Boan thing. B6 ii doan 6 cing co s6, Tinh chit chia hét cia mét ting. Cac dé higu chia hét cho 2; 5;3; 9. Uéc| thing. Trung diém cia doan vi bi. $6 nguyén 10, hgp sO. UCLN, BCNN. thing, tren tryc 96, Thit ty trong Z. Gid tr tuyét di. Cac | 2. Niza mit phiang. Géc. $6 sO nguyén. | do géc, Tia phan gie cia 2. Tap hop Z. Bieu dign cfc s6 nguy. phép tinh ms rit, nhin trong Z va: 3. Prin i 2 via Z,be Z (b+0), Che phép tinh cig nin, cia een amt gée. Budng won. Tam ec tinh a co ban, Hon Ba bai todn eo ban vé phan s6. sie LOP7 4 ticdwdn x 35 ewan = 140 tit Dai so Hinh hoe ‘Thong ké 1. Tip hop @. Bi 0 hit ti trén true s0. So | 1. Hai ede 6 sah cée sO hina ti. COng, tri, nha, chia trong @. | g6c. Hai dung thing song song. Tign dé O-clit inh, Hai duimg thing vudng | ¥ ngbia cia vige thong ké, “Zr ABW OT OS - ZI Ae8u 60 9S LawSoft « Baisd T Hinh hge | Thong ké Liy thhta véi s6 mi ty nbién cia mt 6 hifa ti. Ti 16 thite, dy ti s6 bing nhau. $6 thip phin hiru han va v6 han tun hoan, Lam trdn s6. Cin bée hai, 90 v6 ti (96 thdp phn v6 han khdng tu hodn), $6 thye. Bigu dién sO thye trén trye sO va so sinh eée 6 thie, 2. Dai luong ti & thuan, dai lugng ti Ie nghich. Dinh nghia him s0, Mat phing tga d6. D9 th cia céc him sé y = ar (a #0) vay = ; (a #0). 3, Bidu tite dai sO. Gi tr cia mot bieu thie dai s@, Don thite, bée cua dom thite, don thite dong dang, Ba thite nhigu bién. Cong, tnt da thie, Ba thite mot bién, Nghiém cia da thc mbt biéa, vé dung thing song song. Khdi niém dinh I, | Thu thip sO liéu chimg minh mgt dinh Ii. thong ké, Tan 2. Tong ba g6e cia mt tam ge. Hai tam gic s0. Bang phiin bing nhau. Be tnring hop bing abau cia tam} phi thye side. Tam gide cin, Tam gide vudng, Binh It| nghiém. Biéa Py-ta-go (thudin va dio). Céc trai hop bang | 40, So trang hau cita tam gife vu6ng. Thue hinh ngodi tri | binh, Mot cia (do khodng céch). bing sé ligu. 3. Quan hé gia géc va canh trong mot tam gidc. Quan hé gitta dung vudng gée va dudng xién, gitta duémg xién va hinh chiéu cla n6. Bat ing thitc tam gide. Céc duomg ding quy cia tam gide (ba dung phin gic, ba dung trung true, ba dug trung tuyén, ba dumg cao), 4 ti tua X 35 tu Lips va Daisd Hinh hoe da thite thénh nbn tit, | Bign doi cde bigu thite hw ti. 1. Nhin v8 chia dom tht, de thie. By hing ding thie éng nhd. MOt sb phuong php thuimg dng dé phan tich 2, Phan thite dai s6: Dinh nghia,tfah chat, cfc phép tfnh, 1. Tit gic Ibi. Minh thang, Hinh thang cén, Bai tofn dmg hinh don gin, Déi ximg true, Hinh binh han. DOi ximg tm, Hinh chi nhdt, Hin tho, in vudng, 2. Ba gide, Da gide déu, Dign teh: hinh chit nhft, tam ie, binh thang hin binh han, tr ide chai dug chéo ozt QxeENOS Oe Sort - 9002 - 8- ZI AesU OT OS 9002 - 8 - ZI ABU. 60 O: Daisd Hinh hoe 3. Khai nigm phuomg tinh mét én, phuong tinh tuong duong. Céch gidi phuong trinh bac nhat mt an, Phuong trinh tich, Phuong trinh chita dn ¢ mau tha. Gii bai todn bing céch lép phuong trinh bac nhdt mit dn, 4, Khdi nigm bat ding thio, bat phuomg trinh mét én, bat phuong tinh twong duong. Bat phwong tinh bc nhdt mét fn. Phurong tinh chia dd gid tri tuyét di. ‘wudng géc, da gide. 3, Din If Tacét trong tam gide. Cée trong hyp dong dang cia tam gide va tam gide vudng, Ung dung thu #8 cia tam gide dong dang. 4, Hinh Hig tr dig, Hinh hip chit nhft. Hinh chép déu, hinh chép cut déu. Dign tich xung quanh, dign tich toan phi, thé tch ola cfc hin d. Laps 4 tiéytuan x 35 tudn = 140 16 Dai sb Hinh hoc 1. Cin bac hai: Dinh nghia, ki higu, dieu kién ton tai, hang dling thie [4° =|4). Khai phuong mot teh, Nba cée cin thie be hai. Khai phuong mét thuong. Chia efe cin thie bie bai, Bing cin bc hai. Khai phuomg bing my tinh bo t6i, Bién ddi don gidn edn thie bic hai. Rat gon dieu thie chira cn thitc bac hai. Khai niém edn bic ba. 2. Ham sb bic nit y = ax + b (a #0). BS thi, HE sb g6c cola during thing. Hai ducng thing song song, hai dutng thing cét nha, 3. Phuong trinh be nhat hai én, H@ hai phutong trinh bie hit hai an. Hé phuong tinh twong duong. Giai hé phuong trinh bang phuomg php cOng dai, phuong phap thé. 1. He thite lugng trong tam gide vuéng. Tugng giée cia géc nhon. Bang luong gide, Hé thie gita cdc ca va cée g6e cla mot tam giée vuing (sit dung ti sO luong ide), Ung dung thuc t8 cic ti s6 luomg gide ota gée hon. 2. Budng tron: Dinh nghia, su xéc dinh, tinh chat doi ximg. Vi tri trong di cia dung thing va dung tron. Vi rf twong d0i cita hai dudng ton. 3. Géc 6 tim. % do cung. Lién hé sila cung va diy ung, Gée ndi tiép. Gée tgo bai tia tip tuyén va diy cung, Goe 06 dink & bén trong, bén ngodi Cung chita g6c. Céch gi bit toén qu tich. Tit gi 900c - 8-1 keU OT OS 9002 - 8 ZI SvHu G0 9S OxGDNOO Ter 5 LawSoft « Baisé Hinh hge Giai bai todn bing céch lip h phuong tinh béc mbit hai in, 4, Haim s6 y = ax? (a #0), BG thi, Phuong tinh bac hai amit do, Cong thie nghiém, Dinh If Vi-ét va img dung. Gi phuong tinh quy vé phuong tinh bac hai. Gidi bai todn bing céch lip pharong tinh bac hai mét tip mét dung tron, Duong tron nGi tigp, ngoai tigp mot a gide déu, D6 di dung ton, dign tic hnh tr, 4, Hinh try, inh n6n, hinh clu; hinh kha trign ca hinh try, hinh nd; digo tich va thé tich ede hinh trén. I- CHUAN KIEN THUC, Ki NANG Tap hop N,N Ghi va doc sO tw ahién. He thép phiin, Cae chirs6 La Ma. | Céc tinh chat cia phép cing, ahién. Biét tip hop cde s6 ty nhiéa va tinh chat cée phép tinh trong tip hop ede sb tw LOP6 CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHO LON TAP VA BO TUC VE SO TY NHIEN 1, Khai nigm vé tap hyp, phin | Kinng tir - Bigt ding cd thudt gir tip hop, phn ti] Vi du: Cho A = {3; 7), B= (1; 3:7}. cia tp hop. a) Bin cfc kf higu thich hp (€. #, C) - Sit dung ding cfc kihiga€,€,¢,@. | vio wong: 34,574, 4DB - Bém diing so phan tr ciia mot tép hop | b) Tap hop B cé bao nhiéu phan ti? hiw han, | 2. Tap hop Nedes6 tynhién | Kien thine N N ~ cr Xe8u OT OS 9002 - 8 9002 - 8 = ZI KeBU6O, 0 CHU DE MUC DQ CAN DAT GHICHO tnt, nhin trong N. Kining Phép chia hé, phép chia 06 du. | - Doc va viét duge cfc sO ty nhién dén Ly thita v6i sO mii tu nhién, | Iép ti. - Sip xép duge cdc s6 wr nbign theo thirty | Bao gdm thye hién ding thi ty cfc tang hodc gidm. phép tinh, viée dura vao hodc bo céc dau ~ Sir dung ding cde ki hia =, #,>, <2, & ~ Doc va vid duge céc sO La Ma ti 1 4én30. - Lam duge eée phép tinh ofng, tr, ahin vva phép chia hét v6i cée s0 tu nin, - Higu vi vin dung duge ofc tfnh chit giao hoén, ké& hop, phn phoi trong tinh tn, = Tinh nha, tinh nhanh mot céch hp Ii. ~ Lim duge cfc phép chia het va phép chia c6 du trong tung hop so chia Ong qua ba chi 0. ~ Thue hign duge cée phép ahin vi chia cée lily thira cling co 36 (véi s6 mii tu mien). -Sirdung dg my nt nh oa. | ngode trong cdc tinh todn, = Bao gm c6ng, tir nhm cde sO 06 hai chit s4; nhfn, chia nham m@t s6 6 hai chit s6 voi mét sO c6 mt chit sO, - Quan tam rén luyén céch tinh todn hop E. Chang hn: 13+96+87= 13-487 +96 = 196. ~ Khéng yéu céu hoe sinh thye hign hing diy tinh cong kénh, phite tap khi khong cho phép sit ung my tinh b6 ti. 3, Tinh chat chia het trong tip hop N thite Bidt ofc ki nigm: ude vi bd, wae chung Nhan manh dén vige rén luyén KF nang tim wdc va bi cia mot s6; ude chung, ‘9002 - 8 ZI AVF OT OS QxaONO> zt ZI 4eBu 60 9S 900 - 8 ~ LawSott cut DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU Tinh chat chia hét cia mét|va UCLN, boi chung va BCNN, s6/ UCLN, bi chung, BCNN cia hai s6 ting, nguyén t6 v2 hop sb. (hod ba s6 trong nhimg trumg hop don Cie dw higu chia het cho 2; 5; | Kiniing gin), 339 Use vabi. So nguyén t6, hop s6, phan tien rot s6 ra thita sO nguyén t6, Vie chung, UCLN; bi chung, BCNN. - Van dung céc dau higu chia hét dé xéc dinh mt s6 da cho 06 chia hét cho 2; 5; 3; 9 hay khéng, = Phin tich duge mét hop s6 ra thire s0 aguyén 8 trong nhimg truéng hop don gién. - Tim duge cdc ude, b6i cia mit 36, cde wc chung, boi chung don gidn cla hai hoge ba s6. - Tim duge BCNN, UCLN cia hai so trong ahing tring hop don gidn, Vi du: Khéng thuc hién phép chia, hiy cho biéts6 dur trong phép chia 3744 cho 2, cho 5, cho 3, cho 9. nguyén 16, Vidus a) Tim hai wéc va hai boi cua 33, cua 54, b) Tim hai bi chung cla 33 va 54. Vi dy: Tim UCLN va BCNN cia 18 va 30. Vi dy: Phan tich cdc s6 95; 63 ra thita s6 1. SONGUYEN So nguyén dim. Bigu dign cde s6 | Kign thite | Bigt duge sit cn thiét 06 cde s6 niguyén nguyéa trén truc so, - Biét cdc s0 nguyén am, tép hop cdc s6 | im trong thuc tin va trong todn hoc. | ‘Thit ty trong tap hop Z. Gid tri) tuyét doi, Ce phép cng, tri, nhin ong tap hop Z va tinh chat cia cae phep todn. Bai va uée cia mot sé nguyen. nguyén bao gdm céc so nguyén duong, sO Ova cde 6 nguyén am, - Bigt khéi nigm bOi va wie cia mét sO nguyén. Vidu: Cho cée 80 2; 5; -6;-1; 18;0. a) Tim céc s6 nguyén am, cfc s6 nguyen duong trong cde sb a6, b) Sap xép cée 6 di cho theo thir tw tang din, ¢) Tim s6 doi citatimg s0 da cho. ver eyaaNO> 3 9002 - 8 TL ARBOR ES oe - 900c -8 ZI Avdu OT OS ss men an cut be MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHE ee Kining Be ~ Bigt bigu dién cde 6 nguyéa trén| Vé du: Thy hin cde phép tinh: ee tre 86, (346.4); 8 - Phin bigt duge ede s6 nguyén dung, |b) (-5 -13):(-6). jn cfc s6 nguyén am va sé 0. Vidu: ye ~ Van dung duge cfc quy te thy hign ja) Tim ndm bi cla -2. | (RS cdc phép tinh, cde tinh, chat cia cde phép | b) Tim cae woc ca 10. | tinh trong tinh toén. = Tim va viét duge s6 d6i cia mbt s6 A nguyén, gié ti tuyét di cia mot sb ‘ nguyen, 18: - Sip xép ding mot diy cée s5 nguyén lal theo tht ting hod ! as - Lim duge dy ede php tith véi cde 96 eae nguyen. 5 MIL PHANSO | 2 Phan s6 bing nha. Kin thie | 2 ‘Tinh chit co bin cia phin sd. | pide xnéinidm phn s6 2 véi a € Z, Z Rait gon phiin s6, phin sé téi ; 6 z ida. Quy ddng miu so nhiéu phin| ~ sé. So sénh phan s6, Cée phép tinh vé phin sb. be 220), Ui Ki nim hi phn s6 bing aha: néu ad = be (bd #0). Khai nigm hon s0, 6 thap phan, Str CHU DE MUC DQ CAN DAT Gul CHU oeT Hon so. $6 thap phan, Phan | tm, Kining - Vin dng de th lt co bin ci Vidu: fablnncr birth 4)Tim2 cia 87. Bicu 46 phan tim, TA in| 6) Tm dt it ci nbn 31.08. o) Tinh ti 6 cin vas. ling dy cée phép tinh voi phn s6 d) Tinh m (0,5'3+ (- gh 12 va sO thdp phin trong trudng hop don : itn, hong yu cin vé bigu d6 hinh quat - Bidt vé bigu 43 phn trim dudi dang ct, dang 6 vung va nhdn biét durge biéu dG hinh quat. IV. DOAN THANG 1, Diém, Duong thing, Ba dim thing hing. Duing thing di qua hai diém Kien thie ~ Bidt cde Khai niém diém thude dudng thing, diém khéng thude dug thing. - Biét céc Khai nigm hai duing thang - Bigt cde khdi nigm ba diém thing hang, | ba diém khong thang hing, ~ Bigt khdi niém diém nim gita hai diem. | Hoe sinh bit nhiéu céch dign dat cing mot ndi dung: - Diem A thude dutmg thing a, diém A nim tréa duong thang a, dung thing a i qua diém A. Diém B khéng thude ducing thing q, vim ngodi during thing a, dung thang a khong di qua diém B. d00¢ - 8 - ci keau O1 OS 900E - 8 - ZT APTU,6O.OS, 0 CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHO Kining ba diém thing hing va chi ra | - Biet ding céc kf higue, ¢. iem nao nim gia hai diém cbn Ig. vé hinh minh hga cde quan hé: diém thude hoe khéng thude dudng thing, Viidu: V8 hai diém A, B va dutmg thing ‘adi qua A nhung khOng di qua B. Dién cc ki higa €, & thich hop vio 6 trong: Aa, BO. 2. Tia. Doan thang, DO dai logn thing, Trung diém cia | - doan thing Kien thie 4c khdi nim ta, doan thing. + Bigt cfc khdi nigm hai tia d6i nhau, ha tia tring nhau. - Biét khdi nigm dé dai dogn thing, | Bigt khéi nigm trung diém cia doan | thing. | Kining | Biét vé mot tia, mot doan tng, Nhn |biét duge mét tia, mt dogn thing trong binh v. - Bidt ding thud do d6 dai dé do doan thing. - Bi&t vé mot dogn thing 06 €6 dai cho j inde. | - Vin dung duge dang thize AM+MB=AB Khi Mf nim gita Ava B dé gidi cde bai todn don gién, = Hoc sinh biét ding thuat ngit dogn thing niy bang (Iu hon, bé hon) doan thing kia. Vi du: Cho biét diém Mf nam gita hai diém A, B vi AM = 3em, AB = Sem. a) MB bang bao nhiéu? Vi sao? b) Vehinh minh hoa. = Hoe sinh bigt xéc dinh trung digm cia doan thing bang céch gép hin hodc dling thud do 46 di. 900E - 8 cI ACS OL OS | Bidt vé trang diém cia mot dogn thang. 900% - 8 - ZT AeBU G0 9S LawSott Bet cube wicogcinear | cuicHt y.Gdc 1. Nira mit phing. Gée. $6 do | Kien thie géc. Tia phan giée cia mot} - Biét khéi nig nia mat phing, 6c - Biét khdi nig gée. | ~ Higu cée khéi niém g6c vudng, g6c hon, g6c ti, géc bet, hai géc ké nhau, hai 6c bit ahav, ~ Hoe sinh bigt ding cde thuat ngi: gc - Bigt khdi nigm s6 do géc. ny bang (én hon, bé hon) gée kia, - Higu dugc néu tia Oy nim ita hai tia) Vé duc Cho biét tia Or nim gia bai tia| |) = Ox, Ozthi Ox, Oy va 301 = 30°, x0y = 70° lo: 30)+ 301 = 102. 4) G6e iOy bing bao nhigu? Visao? | }Q¥ - Higu khdi nigm tia phtin gige cia géc, | ) Ve hinh minh hoa. : Kining ~ Hoe sinh bit xe dinh tia phn gide} [3s = - Biét vé mt géc. Nhfn biét dupe mét| cia mbt g6e bang céch gap hin hode) | = ‘6c trong hinh v8, ding thude do g6c, 3 - Bidt ding thude do p6c dé do géc. i - Bi@t vé mbt ge o6 s6 do cho truce. & - Bict vé tia phn gidc cia mgt géc. g 2.Duong tron. Tam giée | Kién thie & - Bidt céc khdi nigm dung tron, hinh tron, tim, cung tron, day cung, duing ‘inh, bin kin, - Nhjin biet duge ede diémn nim tr, bén trong, bén ngodi dung tr. 9007 - 8 ~ ZI ARFu OT OS ZI Aesu 9002 - 8 ~ cH DE MOCDO CAN DAT GHI CHE ES ~ Bit khdinigm tam ge. Bz - Higu duge cf khdi niém dinh, canb, € ‘g6c cla tam gide, i 5 - Nhn bit duge cde diém nim bén trong, coo Tn eas bén: goal tam gide. Bs Kining BS - Biét ding compa dé vé during trdn, cung | - Hoc sinh biet ding compa dé so sinh toda, Bidt goitéa va ki higu dutng tron, | hai doan thing. ~ Bidt vé tam gidc, Biét goi tén va ki higu | Vf dy: Cho diém O. Hay vé dung tron tam gife. (0;2om). - Bidt do cdc yéu t6 (canh, géc) cia mot | - Hoc sinh biét ding thurbc thing, thuée tam gide cho tude, do d6 dai va compa dé vé mét tam gide Ki bit d6 dai ba canh ota n. LOP7 cH pe MUCDO CANDAT GHI CHO 1,80 HOU TL. sO THYC L.Taphgp Q cfcsb hiruti | Kien hire Il Kodi nigm so hit ti, Bie duge s6 hit tf sO vist duge Biéu dign so hi ti wén trucsO. | dngi dang * vOia, be Z,b#0. | So sinh cfc 6 him ti, 6 Kindng Céc phép tinh trong Q: cOng, tri, | i | ~ Thue hign thinh thao céc phép tinh, CHU DE GHI CHU nia, chia sO him ti, Liy thira hima ti. v6i sO mi ty nbién cia mbt sO | - trye 56, bigu dién mot sé hit ti bing nhieu phan s6 bing nfau. - Biét so sénh hai sO itu th. ~ Gidi duge cdc bi tip vin dung quy tic cdc phép tinh trong Q. 2. THlé thie Tis, tile thie. Céc tinh chat cia ti 16 thite va tinh chat cia diy ti sb bing hav. Kinéng Biét van dung cdc tinh chat cita ti Je thie va cha day ti 6 bing. nhau dé sid cde bai ton dang: tim hai sO bigt ting (Hoge higu) va ti sé eta ching. Vi du: Tim hai s6x vay, biét 3x= Ty vax-y=-16. Khong yéu céu hoc sinh chimg minh cdc tinh chit cia ti 18 thie va diy ede ti sO bang hau. 3, $6 thip phan hiu han, $6 thip phan vo han tudn hoin, Lam trin so | Van dung thinh thao eée quy tic Fim Kien thie ~ Nhiin biét durge sO thijp phan hi han, sO thap phn v6 han tudn hoin, - Bidt y nghfa cia vigc lim tin 36, Kindng tro Khong dé cp dén cfc Khai niém sai 36 tuyBt dai, sai sO tuomg db, cfc phép ton vé dang s0 thip phiin hitu han hode v6 han twin hod, 6 v6 ti (66 thép phiin vé han han khOng tuan hoan va tén goi cia ching fa sb v6 ti. - Nhfn biét sy tuong img 1 - 1 gta j4.Tép hop sb thye R n thie J Vide Vidt fe phi sb 3,3, + duti dang Bigu dign mot sO hitu ti dwéi - Biét sw tn ti cia sO thip phn vO). sau | sb hip phn hu han hofe v6 han twin hon, - Tip hop sb thye bao gim tat cd cdc $6 hiru ti va v6 ti. ‘et Q¥BONOD 900z - 8 - CE ARLEN ED PS ory « ‘9002 - 8- ZI ARS OT OS CHU BE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHU Khng tun hoan), Tap hop s6 thye. So sinh cde s6thue. Khéi nigia vé cin bie hai cia - mot sb thyc khong am. tip hop R va tip céc diém trén truc sé, titty cia cfc sO thu trén true 80, it Khai nigm cin bac hai cia mot si khing am. Sitdung ding kihigu Kining ~ Biét cdch vit mit 96 hitw ti dui dang sd thap phin hiu han hode vo han tun hodn. - Bidt sir dung bang s0, may tinh bo - Hoe sinh o6 thé phét bieu duge rang moi sé thye duge biéu dién bei mot digm tea true s6 va nguge Ig. Vidu: #2 = 14: 5 = 1,33. tii dé tim gi tr] gan ding cla cén bac hai cia méts6 thye khéng am, TL BAM SO VA DO THI 1.Dai lugng tilé thuan Kién thie ‘Binh nghia, - Bit cOng thitc cia dai Iuong ti 1é] - Hoc sinh tim duge mét s6 vi du thye 8 ‘Tinh chat, | Iugng ti thuéin. Gidi toin ve dai ong ti Ie thuan, Kining Giii duge mot sO dang toan don gin vé dai lugng ti Ié thugn, - Hoe sinh 6 thé gidithanh thgo bai todn chia m6t s6 thanh ede phan ti 18 véi ede so cho truéc. 9002 - 8 ct ABSHO1 OS O¥apNe> Ter ZI Se8u 60 OS 200 - 8 - 5 5 LawSoft « cH DE MUCBO CAN BAT GHI CHO 8 2.Dai lugng tilé nghjch Kién thite Hoe sinh tim duge mét so vi dy thuye t@ ve Dinh nghia. - Biét cing tite cia dpi long ti 18| dai rong tilé nghich, Tinh chat. nghich: y=" (a0). Gidi todn v8 dai lung HB) | ue nghich. ~ Biet tinh chat cia dai hong 18 ve ay. ge nga chay tit A dn B hét 20 nghich: phit, Hi nguii d6 chay nt B ve A het bao Aye hy =a ; = ; ; nig pt na vn te cay B VE Bing ‘ 0,8 lan van tOc chay tirA den B. Kinang Gi duge mt sO dang toin don gin | Vé dy: Thing nude uéng trén mot tu thily vé dai luong ti 8 nghich. dy dink dé 15 ngudi udng trong 42 ngay. Néu chi c6 9 ngudi trén tiu thi ding duge bao lau? 3, Khai nigm him s6 va d0 thi | Kién thie Binh nghia him so. ~ Bigt khdi nigm ham sO va bigt céch Mat phang toa do. cho him s6 bang bing va cing thite. by =ax (a0), | ~Biét khdi nigm d6 thi cde hi s6. Dé thi cia himsé y= 4 (a0), |~Bidt dang cia dd th ham sO y = ax x (a#0) | Joe - Biét dang cia d6 thi him sy = WINIUE ! ES *) Khong yeu cdu v8 d6 thi cia him sb bh (a#0). a ay Kining y=7 040. foe ~ Bi&t céch xée dinh mét diém tren a 88 cHu DE | MUCBO CANDAT GHICHU | mat phing toa dé khi biét toa d6 cia 16 vi biet xée dinh toa d cia mot cdiém trén mit phing t9a 45, - Vé thanh thao d6 thi cia him so year (a#0). - Bit tim trén d6 thi gid tri gn ding cia him sO khi cho trade gid tri cia bign so varnguge ai. IHL BIEU THUC BAI SO Khai nigm biéu thitc dai 0, gid | Kien thee trj cia mbt bigu thite dai sd. - Bit cde Khai niém dom thite, bac Khéi nigm don thie, don thie eda dom the mét bién. ding dang, cdc phép todn cGng, - Biet cée khéi niém da thie nhieu tnt, nhin don thir, bign, da thite mt bién, be iia mat *2 Khéi nigm da thie nbiéu bién, da thite mét bién. Cong va tit da thi. ~ Biet khdi nigm nghigm cia da thite ta thite mot bién. Kinang Nghigm cia da thie mt bién, - Biét céch tinh gid tj cia mgt bigu thite dai so. - Biét eéch xéc dinh bée cia mgt don thite, bigt nha hai don thie, bigt am “cde phép cing va tit ede don thie | déng dang, tal tetvy=! 2 Ve du: Tinh gi to cia bigu tte 7)" + ay S00 8 ei ABU OT OS S¥sNOD eer TI Avau 60 9S 900€ - 8 - 3 LawSoft « CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHU - Biet céch thu gon da thitc, xéc dinh bic cia da tht. - Biet sip xép cfc hang tir cia da thie mot bién theo liy thia ting hoe gidm, | - Biét tim nghiém cia da thite mot bién bac nha. | Vi du: Tim nghiém cia céc da thite fix)= 2c L gla) = 1-3 IV. THONG KE Thu thap céc s6 ligu thong ké. Tan 6. Bang tin sO va biéu do tan 6 (biéu 43 doan thing hoe biéu 5 hinh ot). $6 trang binh, mot cia bing s6 Tigu. Kien thie ~ Bigt cdc khi nim: s6ligu thong ké, tan 6. bing tin sO, bieu d6 doan thing hod bigu 40 hinh ct wong img, Kining ~ Higa va vin dung drge s6 trang binh, mét cia bing sé ligu trong cdc tinh hudng thye 8, ich thu thép céc si ligu thong Bet cfich trinh bay efe s6 liga théng Ké bing bing tin sO, bing big €0 doan thing hode bieu dd hinh cét tuong ing. Vida Hay thy hia nhig vige sau diy: a) Ghi diém kiém tra mn Todn cudi hoe ki Jed moi hoc sinh trong lp. b) Lép bang tan s6 va bigu d0 doan thing tuong img. c) Néu nhin xét Khi sit dung bing (hoc | bigu do) tan 96 da Kap duge (s6 cdc gif tri cia du hign; 96 cfc gid ti Khée nbau; gid trj lon mbit, gid tr who nbdt; gig tr 6 tan 0 lém nhat; ce gid tri thue khoang nio 1a chi yéu), 4) Tinh sO trung bin cia cdc sb Hgu thong 6, EL GympNOS 3 oS OAPSon « = ZI Aesa OT 900Z - 8 ~ ZI AV 9002 - 8 CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHU Y.DUGNG THANG VUONG GOC. DUONG THANG SONG SONG 1, Géc tao bai hai during thing cit hau, Hai g6c d6i dinh. Hai dung thing vuéng géc Kien thie - Bigt khdi nigm hai g6c di dink, - Biét cdc khdi niém géc vudng, g6c nhon, géc ti. - Bid khéi niém hai dung thing wubng gée. Kinéng Biet ding éke vé dung thang di qua mot diém cho trude vi vung gée véi | it durdng thang cho true, Vi du: Ve hai dung thing cit nhau. Hay: a) Bo g6c tao bai hai dung thing d6; ) Chia hai géc d6i dinh; ¢) Chimg t6 ring hai géc d6i dinh thi bing nhau, 2. Gée tao béi mot duing thing cit hai during thing. Hai duimg thing song song, Tién dé O-clt ve dudng thing song song, Khéi nigm dinh li, chimg minh m§t dinh li in thite - Biéttién d@ O-eit. ~ Biét cdc tinh chat cia hai duing thang song song, ~ Bigt thé nio la mt dinh Ii va chimg minh mot dinh li. Kining - Biét va sit dung ding tén goi ciia cée géc tao bai mbt dmg thing cét hai duimg thing: géc sole trong, géc dong vi, géc trong cing phfa, adc ngoai cing phia. Vi du: V8 mot during thing cit hai duing thing vi chi ra cdc cip g6c so le trong, cée kp géc dng vi. Vi dy: Ding éke vé hai duing thang cing vvudng g6c véi mot during thing tht ba. Vi du: Ding éke vé hai duing thing oft mbt during thing tao thinh mét cp g6e so le trong bing géc nhon cia éke, ‘900e - 8 cI Aw io by Ta 01 os 9007 - 8 - ZT ARB 60 9S MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHO + Biet ding éke vé duimg thing song song voi mét duimg thing cho tre di qua mot diém cho trade nim ngodi dug thang dé (hai ch). VLTAM GIAC 1, Téng ba gée cia mgt tam gide Kien thie - Bigt dinh Ii vé tong ba géc ciia mot tam gide. - Biet dinh If vé g6c ngodi cia mot tam gide, Kining Van dung duge céc dinh li trén vio vige tinh 86 do ef g6c eta tam gide. Vid Cho tam gide ABC od B= 80°, C=30° Tia phin giée cia géc A cit BC ¢ D. Tinh ADC va ADB. 2, Hai tam gid bing nhau ~ Biét khéi nigm hai tam gide bing nhau, - Biét ede trutng hop bang nau cia tam gide. | Kining - Bigt cfch xét sy bing nhau cla hai tam gidc. - Biét van dung cdc trumg hgp bing hau cia tam gid dé chimg minh cde Vi-du: Cho g6c xAy. Lay diém B trén tia Ar, diem D tén tia Ay sao cho AB = AD. Trén tia Br Idy diém B, tn tia Dy léy diém C sao cho BE = DC. Chimg minh ring BC = DE. ir is Soot 8 eT ABU OT OS 900 - 8 - ZI ARBU 62.98, Oar CHU BE MUCDO CANDAT GHICHU | doan thing bing nhau, cde géc bing hau. 3. Cée dang tam gide dic bigt | Kien thite ‘Tam gidc can, Tam gide ~ Biet cdc khdi niém tam gide cAn,| Vi dy: Cho tam giée nhon ABC. Ké AH Tam gid voing Dinh Py ago. Bai trutng hop bing nhau cia| - tam gide vudng. tam giée: eu, tam gid vudng. Bit céc tinh chat cita tam gide cin, tam gide eu, - Biet dinh If Py-ta-go thudn va dio, tam gide vudng. Kindng - Vén dung duge dink If Py-ta-g0 vo tinh todn. - Biét van dung cde trudng hop bing hau cua tam gide vung d€ chimg minh ce doan thing bing nhau, cée gc bang nba. - Bidt cde tratmg hop bing nhau cia ‘wudng g6c vbi BC (H € BC). Cho biét AB = 13cm, AH = 12em, HC = 16em. Tinh cdc dO dBi AC, BC. Vidu: Cho tam giée ABC cin wi A (A < 90°). V8 BH L AC (He AC), CK 1 AB (K € AB) a) Chimg minh ring AH = AK. ) Goi 18 giao didm cia BH va CK. Chimg minh ring ATTA tia phan ie cia gée A. VIL. QUAN HE GIU'A CAC YE UTO TRONG TAM GIAC. CAC DU ‘GNG DONG QUY CUA TAM GIAC 1. Quan hé gitta cde yéu to | trong tam gide Quan hé gitta gée va canh déi ign trong mét tam giée, Quan bé gia ba canh cia mt tam gide. Kien thice ~ Bigt quan hé gia géc va canh doi ign trong mot tam gidc. - Bigt bat ding thite tam gide, Kining - Bid dung cfc méi quan hé trén Vidu: Chimg minh ring trong mét tam gide vudng, canh huyén én hon moi canh gée vuong. dé gi 9002 78 a1 kev OT OS 9002 - 8 - ZI AvBu 60 9S z Ter CHU DE MUCBO CAN DAT GHI CHU 2. Quan hé gita dung vubng gée vi duimg xin, gia dug xién va hin chitu cia né Kien thie ~ Bidt céc khdi niém during vuéng | g6c, dug xién, inh chiéu ota dudng xién, khoang céch tir mot dich dén mét dung thing. - Bigt quan hé gia duong vudng gée va duing xién, gia duing xin va binh chigu cia n6, Kindng Biét vin dung cdc méi quan hé tren | iti bai tp, Vi du: Ching minh rang trong hai dudng xin ké tir mot diém nam ngo’i mot duimg thiing dén duimg thing d6: a) Butng xién no c6 hinh chiéu kon hon | ti lén hon; b) Dudng xién ndo én hon thi c6 hinh chiu ln hom. 3, Cie duimg ding quy cia tam giae Céc khéi nim duimg trung tuyén, during phin giéc, duimg trang truc, duémg cao cla mot tam gidc. Su ding quy cua ba dung trung tuyén, ba dudng phin git, ba duong trung tre, ba dudmg cao cia mét tam gidc. Kien thie - Biét cfc Khai niém duing trung tuyéa, dudng phan gide, dung trang true, dudg cao cia mbt tam gic. - Biét ofc tinh chit cia tia phin gic |cla mét géc, duing trung truc cla mot doan thing. | Kindng - Van dung duge ede dinh If vé sy Ong quy cia ba duing trong tuyén, ba dudng phan gidc, ba duing trang to Kd ‘9007 - 8- cI Ae3u OT OS 9002 - 8 - ZI ALTU GO.OS.. cH DE MUCDO CAN DAT | GHI CHU tro, ba dng ca ea mt tam gio | 8 gid bai tap, | - Biétchimg minh su ding quy cla ba | KhOng yéu cau ching minh sw dag quy drm phn gic, ba duimg tung tye, cia ba dutmg trung tuyéa, ba dug cao. LOPS CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHO I. NHAN VA CHIA DA THUC 1. Nhin da thie Kinng Nhiin dom thie véi da thie. | Van dung duoc tinh chat phn phi | - Bua ra cfc phép tinh ti don gidn den mae 9 hin da tite w6i dathte, | cia phép nha d6ivéi phép cGng: | khOng qua kh6 dOi véi hoc sinh néi chung. Nhin hai da thite da sp xép. A(B + C)=AB+AC Cée biéu thie dun ra chi yéu c6 hé sO khéng (A+BYC+Dj=AC+AD + BC+ BD, trong d6 A, B, C, D lb cfc s6 hod cde bigu thie dai so. qué ln, 6 the tinh nhanh, tinh nfm drge. Vida Thy bin cde phép tinh: a) 4° +31- 1); b) (Sx An)fe-2)5 o) ved - Ilo? +1420). ~ Khong nén dua ra phép nhan céc da thite 06 qué ba hang tw. - Chi dun ra cdc da thite 6 hé s0 bing chit (a,b...) kh that cd tit. 9002 = 8 Zi Aes OT 9S IQ z o fc > o 5 5 Get 900, - 8 - ZT Av3U 60 OS thite dai s6, CHU DE MUC DO CAN DAT GHICHE 2. Cée hing dang thite ding | Kining ~ Cc bi thite dua ra chi yeu 06 hs khong ho Hiu vi van dung duge cfc héng ding | qué kn, c6 thé tinh nhanh, tinh nhim duoc. Binh phuromg cia mét tng, thi: Vidu: Binh phuong ciia mgt higu. | (A +B)’ = A’+24B +B", a) Thye hign phép tinh Higu hai binh phuong. AY. BPs (A+BYA-B), (P< Day + yVr-y). | Lip phuong cia mét ting. | (A+B)=A°34°B+34B'+B°, — |b) Rit gon rdi tinh gi tricia bigu thie Lip phuong cia mit higu. | A'+B'=(A+B\(4’-AB+B), (? -aytF)e+y)-29° Tong hai lp phuong. Higu| 4° -B°= (A -B) (A°+AB +B"), 1 hai lap phuong. trong d6 A, B la cic sb hodc cde biéu ~ Khi dua ra cdc phép tinh c6 sit dung céc hing ding thite thi hé s0 cia eée don thie thug la so nguyén, 3, Phin tich da thie thnh han tir | Phan tch da thie thin nhin tir bing phuong php dat ahin tirchung. Phan tch da thie thanh nhin tir bang phirong phép ding hing ding thie Phin th da thie thin nbn tit bing phuong phép nbém hang ti. Kining | Vin dung duge cée phuong phdp co ‘ban phan tich da thitc thinh nhin ti: - Dit nan ti chung, - Dang hing ding thie, Céc bai tip dura ra tirdom gin dn phite tap va mdi bigu thie thuing khOng o6 que i bin. Vi dy: Phin tick cée da thie sau than aha tir 1) L5r’y +20ny*- 25ay. 2a) -2y4y% b)274 274 9 +; c)8- ny adi. e) (xt | is és 9s SAP: Do0E 3 ei AeRTOT So0e - 8 - ET Seay, ~ 900 ~ 8 ~ CI ABBUOT OS 9902, - 8 - ZI AeBu 60 9S CHU DE MUC BQ CAN DAT GHI CHU Phan th da thie than nbdin tir bing cdch phdi hop nhieu phuong phap, + Nhém hang ti. 3)a) ar + by- 3x- by; bya say - Phéi hgp ofc phurong php phi tic | 4) a) thinh nha ti & én, ») | gz- dy My 16; dx x40 420, 4, Chia da thie Kining ~ DBi v6i da thite nhiéu bien, chi dua ra cée Chia dom thie cho don thie, |- Vén dung duoc guy tic chia don | bai tip ma céc hang tir ota da tht bi chia chia Chia da thie cho don thie. | thite cho dom thie, chia da thie cho | ht cho don thite chia, Chia hai date mgt bién 8] dom thi, Vidu: Lam phép chiar sip xép. ~ Vn dung duge guy tie chia hai da (15x’y° 12°): Bay. thite mot bign di sip xép. - Khéng nén dua ra truéng hop da thite chia 6 nbigu hom ba hang ti ~ Chi nn dizara cfc bai tip vé phép chia hét Ib chi yéu, Vidu: Lam phép chia: (24 40-81): (244), IL PHAN THUC DAISO 1. Dinh nghia. Tinh chat eo ban cia phan thie. Rit gon phan thie. Quy dong miu iéu cdc dinh nghia phn thitc dai sO, hai phan thie bang nha, tich chita nhéin ti chung. Néu phii bien di tht ~ Rit gon ef phan thie ma tr va mu o6 dang | et cut DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHO thire nhigu phan thire Kining vige bin dOi thinh nhin tir khdng may khé Vin dung duge tinh chat co ban cia | khin, phin thie 4 nit gon phn thie va quy | Védu: Rt gon cdc phan thie: dong miu thie cae phn tit, ary, Ha-yMr=2) 152) x~ yNa~2)” Peel Pa Det rH pay = Quy ding miu cée phin thie ¢6 mau chung khGng qué ba nhén ti, New mdu Ba ede don thi thi cing chi dara nhieu nh ba bien, hire 80. 80. 2 Chg vi trt ede phn) Phép cdg cfc phan thie Gai Phép trir cde phiin thitc dai 0 Kien thiee = Chil yéu dura ra céc phép tinh céng, tit hai Biét kh = phin thie d6i i phn thie dai s6 tir don gidn dén phite tap voi phan thite — 4 (0) (aphn ie A | mu chung khng qué 3 mht. Védu: Thue hién cdc phép tinh: hoge = A va dugcky higu a Ay etd 2-5. 2 PO ay ay? x my ay Kining : 5 ed act] Ur-3 ‘Van dung duge ce quy tac céng, trit} >) aT ear ce phin thie dai sO (eée phn thie} 3 cng miu vA cf phin thie khang! ¢) S¢ +". 3¢-2y, cing miu). 9 y I5y- 25x _. = 8 002 8 ET ABBOT OS 900z - 8 - Zt KUBY 69,0 CHUDE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHO ~ Phan quy ti di nihim rén luyén Kinng di dau cho hoe sinh, phai dua thinh muc riéng | 3, Nhan va chia cic phan thie dai sb. Bién dii cée bieu thite hiv ti Phép nhin ede phn thite dai 80. Phép chia ede phiin tite dai js Bién 46; cde bigu thie hit ti. Kin thie |= Nhin bit duge phitn thie nghich io va higu ring chi c6 phn thite | Khe 0 mdi e6 phiin thie nghich déo, |= Hig thye chét bie thie hit ti 1a bigu thite chita cde phép todn cing, tnt, nbn, chia ede phiin thie dai so Kining = Van dung duge quy tie nhiin hai phan thie: A, CAC BD BD ~ Van dung duge ede tfah chat eda phép nhan cdc phn thirc dai so: : 5 Soc a gi tn (AC CE (Fa) FP 'e] (tinh két hop): A ~ Dua ra cée phép tinh ma két qua o6 the nit gon dugc. Vid: 92 sore _ ot js : dry) dry’? Sy aty (tye ory Sy or’? Puy s - HE thong bai tap dua ra duge sip xép tit dom sin d&n phite ap. = Khong dua ra céc bai tp ma trong 46 phin bin doi thinh nhdn tir (4€ nit gon) qué kho hin, Nén chit yéu Bi hing ding thie déng nh, Phan bién d0i cde bieu thie hit ti chi nén dua ra cée vi du don gidn trong dé cée phan (tinh chat phin phdi eta phép nhin Gi vai phép céng). | | thite c6 nigu nft Ja hai bién voi ede he sO bing so cu the. ‘OT 9S, ,- 8 - ZT AeBu 60 OS ‘900e-8- et CaO? awSoft « CHU DE I MUC DO CAN DAT GHICHO II PHUONG TRINH BAC NHAT MOT AN 1, Khai nigm ve phuong | Kién dite trinh, phwong trinh twong | duong = Nhan biét duge phuong trinh, hiéu nghiém ca phuong tinh: Met phaong | ~ Bua ra mot vi du thye té (mét bai todn 6 § nghia thuc t8) dn dén phai gidi mdt phuong Phuong trinh mt an, tinh voi an x 06 dang A(x) = B(x), | trinh. ‘inh ghia hai phong tn trong d6 ve ti A(x) va ve pi lx) | - Da ra cc vi du ve ha phuong tinh tuog tuong duong. hai hic oka chng mgt bin x duong va hai phuong tinh khéng tuong| | ~ Higu khi nigm vé hai phurong trinh | duong, tuong dung: Hai phuong tinh cia| - Vé bai tip, chi dua ra cde bi ton dom gidn, | cling mgt an duge goi 8 tuong duong | dé nhim nghiém cia phuong trinh v2 tir 46 néu ching 6 cing mit tap hop hoc sinh higu duge hai phuong trinh tuong | nghiém. dong hay khdng wong duong. Kining ‘Van dung duge quy tic chuyén vé va quy tae nhin, 2. Phuong trinh bie nit Kien shite mgt in Phuong tinh dua duge ve dang art+b=0. Phuong tri tch. | Phuong trinh chia én 6 miu. iéu djnh ghia phuomg sinh bac nhat: ax + b= 0x18 an; a, BI ning hing s6, a # 0) va nghiém cia phuong tinh bac nhat. Kining ~ C6 ki ning bién doi tuong dong 48 lua phuomg tinh da cho vé dang ar+b=0, + V6i phuong trinh tich, khéng dura ra dang c6 qd ba nha tr va cing khOng nén dua ra dang ob nhdn at bic hai dy di pha bién di dua ve dang tich. Vi du: Gi cée phuong tinh: (x Dort3) (Gxt 5)2x-7) (r= 1)Gx- 5)? 41) =0. PFT OYE NOD 9007 ~~ ZT AKBU OT OS 900E - 8 - EI KUBU GO CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHG = Ve phurong trinh tich ABC=0(A, B, Cli cfc da thite chita an), yéu cau nim ving cfch tim nghiém cia phuong trinh nay bing cach tim nghiém cia céc phwong trinh: A=0,B=0,C=0. ~ Git thigu digu kign xe din (BKXD) cilia phuong tinh chita an 6 mau val a aim ving ay the gid phuong win ta dn 6 miu: + Tim digu kign xéc dinh; +Quy ding miu va khir mau; + Giai phuong tinh vita aban duge; + Kiém tra cdc ‘gid tri clia x tim duoc 6 thda min DKXD khong va két an venghigm cia phuong tinh. ~ VGi phuong trink chia én o miu, chi dara fe bai tip mi méi vé cia phuong tinh c6 kehéng qué hai phin thie va vige tim digu kign xdc dinh cila phuong trinh ciing chi dimg lai ¢ hd tim nghigm cia phuong trinh bac nhat, Vi du: Gidi cde phuong trinh: OFE_DNOD 3, Gidi bai todn bang Jp phirong trink bie nhat mot an Kién thite Nam vimg cde bude gidi bai todn bing céch lap phuong tinh. Bude ip phuong trinh + Chon an sO vi dit digu kign thich hop cho dn s6. - Duara tuomg di dy di vé céc thé loa ton (todn vé chuyén déng déu; cdc bai tosn c6 n6i dung shoo, hh he, ha hoe, vat i, dns.) ~ Chi ¥ cae bai todn thye t@ trong doi sing xa hoi, trong thue tién san xuat va xiy dung. O08 8 S1 RB GT GS 9002 - 8 - ZI ABU 60 OS ST LawSoft « cau DE MOC DQ CAN DAT GHI CHO + Bieu dién céc dai lung chira biet theo an va cée dai lvong dabict, | + Lip phurong trinh bieu thi moi quan hé gitta céc dai lung. Bude 2; Giai phuong trinh. Bude 3: Chon két qua thich hop va tra tii. IV. BAT PHUONG TRINH BAC NHAT MOT AN Khéng ching minh ede tinh chat cia bat ding 2. Bat phuong trinh bic nhat mét an, Bat phuong trinh tuong dong Nhiin bigt bat phuong tinh bac nhiit mgt in va nghigm cia n6, hai bit phuong trinh twong duong. 1. Lién hé giita thir tw va Kién thie phép cng, phép nhan Nhan biét duge bat ding thie, thite ma chi dua ra cée vi dy bang sO cu thé dé Kining minh hga, Biét dp dung mét s6 tiah chat eo ban | Vi dus ciia bat ding thite d@ so sinh hai so |a)4<7=441<741; hoc ching minh bat ing thie: b)2<5323<53; ac acc; 2<5>2(3)>5(-3). aatcO; abewic7x-10 € [5x4 3+ (x4 10)> Tr 102 (x4 10), bdr-5<3r47 9 (Ax-5),.2 Br 7.22). iS 3 900c 8 ~ cI Avsu OT OS 9002 - 8 - ZI AeBu 6O CHUDE MOCO CAN DAT GHICHO Kindng Vin ung. dhrge guy tie chy ve vie quy the nhin voi mt sO de bien doi c)ar-S< 3x47 (4x- 5142) (4x5) 1) hay 25-3 >4x+5. 3, Gidi bat phuong trinh | Kindng = Dura ra vi dy vé nghiém va tap nghiém cla bac nhit mot an ~ Gii thin thgo bit phuong trinh bie | bat phuong trinh bie nha. ahi mot Vidu: Cho bit phuomg trinh tip hop nghiém cia Sx42>2e-1. wf bit phuong tinh tn trye sd. a) Voix=1 tac63.142>21-Jnéux= 12) + Sit dung cée phép bién déi tuong dong dé bidn d6i bat phuong trinh di cho vé dang ax + b <0, ar+b>0, ax +bS0, ax + 620 vat dé rit ra nghiém cia bat phong trinb. | Tip nghigm cia bat phurong trinh (2) la $ = 2. mot nghigm ca bit phucmg tinh (1). b) (I) 3r-2r>-2-Lerx>-3. Tip hop tit ci céc gid tr cia x i hon -3 tip nghiém ota bat phuong trinh (1). = Céch biéu dign tip nghiém cla bat phuong trinh (1) trén rye s0: | oo 0 +o - Tap hop céc gid trix >-3 duge ki higu & S=(rlx> 3}. | Vids 15x+29< 1549 0) 9 ISr- 15x429-9<0 2 0x+20<0, Vay bit phuong tinh (2) v6 nghiém. BOOE~S > eT ACSW OT OS 9002 - 8 - Zi KURU 60 9S Gy¥a_ONOD Tt 5 5 cui pi MUCDOCANDAT — | CHI CHO z 4, Phuong trinh chia déu | Kinng Vids Gidi ce phuomg tinh sau: id tri yet di Bidt céch gidi phuong tinh (a) el=2re1; lat b|=ox+d 1) [ar-Sl=x-1. (a,b, c,d lA nhiing hing s6). + Kong dua ra cdc phuomg tinh chia du gi tr tuygt Abi catch hai i thite bic nha |v. 10 GAC LTirgide lit thie Che dinh nghia ti gide, tr| Higu dinh ngha tr gid, ut ge li side oi. Kining Dinh If tng cae g6c cia mét | Van dung duve dinh If vé tong cdc gée tir gide bing 360°. cia mot tt gid, 2. Hh thang, hinh thang | Kindng ‘wong va hinh thang cn. | - Vin dung duge dinh nghia, tinh chat, Hinh binh hanh, Hinh chir| du higu nbn biét (46i véi timg loei hit, Hinh thoi. Hinh | hinh nay) 48 gidi cdc bai toén chimg | vuéng minh va dung hinh don gin. | + Vin dung duge dink Ki vé dung | trung binh cia tam gide va ding tnung binh cia hinh thang, tinh chat cia cée diém efch déu mét duomg thang cho tras, 9007 - 8 ~ ZT ABaU OT OS 9007 ~ 8 > ZI SUSU 60 | cute MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU 3, Doi ximg truc va. dOi| Kién thie = "BOi ximg truc” va “Oi ximg tim” duge da xing tim. Truc d6i ximg, | Biét duge: xen ké m6t eéch thich hop vio céc néi dung tim déi ximg cia mgt hinh |- Céc khéi nigm "dGi ximg trye" va |cita chi d8 th gid. "dbiximg ti’, = Chua yéu cd hoc sinh lép 8 vin dung d6i Truc di xtmg cia mot hinh va hinh | ximg truc vi ddi ximg tam trong gidi todn hinh 6 truc adi ximg, Tam 46i xing cia | hoe. mot hinh va hinh o6 tam doi ximg. VIDA GIAC. DIEN TICH DA GIAC 1.Da gide.Da gide déu | Kidn thire Dinh If ve tdng s6 do ef abe cia hinh n-giée Hieu: ; Tei duge dda vo bai tap. - Cée khdi niém da gide, da gidc deu; ~ Quy use ve thudt ngit "da gide" duge ding 6 trudng pho thong; - Cich v8 cfc hinh da giée déu 06 s6 cant 183, 6, 12,4, 8. 2. Cée cbng thite tfah dign tich cia hinh chit nhit, hinh tam gide, cia cdc hinh tir pide die bigt (binh thang, hinh binh hanh, hinh thoi, hinh vuéng) Kien thire Higu cach xiy dung céng thite tfoh dign ich cia hinh tam gig, inh thang, cfc binh wr giée dBc bigt khi thita nhin (chéng chimg minh) céng this tinh digntich kh chi nt, Kining | Van dung dupe cde cdg thie tinh ign tch cdc hinh di hoc. inh cin tch hinh thang vudng ABCD c6 A= D = 90°, AB=3 cm, AD=4omva ABC = 138°. ‘9002 ~ 8- ZI ARBU OT OS 2 z e ee lam 5 5 ort TI Se8u 60 9S je 200% CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU 3, Tinh dign tich cia inh da gide li Kining Biet céch tinh dign tich cia ede hinh a gido Idi bing céch phin chia da Vi du: Cho hinh chit nhat ABCD, Ké AH vudng géc voi BD (H € BD). Tinh dign tich O¥aDNOO side d6 thinb cdc tam gide, hinh chit nhét ABCD biét ring AH = 2 em va BD=8em. VIL. TAM GIAC BONG DANG 1, Dinh If Ta-lét trong tam aide | Kin thite Cée doan thing ti 6. - Hiew cée dink nga: Ti sb cia hai inh If Ta-lét trong tam giée | doan thing, cfc dogn thing ti Ie. (thufn, dio) vahé qua. | iu dink Tad va tinh chat dung ‘Tinh chat dating phan gidc | phin gidc ca tam gife. lla tam gidc. Kining Van dung duge cdc dinh id hoc, 2.Tam gide dong dang | Kién thie Dinh nghia hai tam gide dng! - Higw din nghia hai tam gide dng | Vi du: Cho tam gide ABC vudng tai A, dutg dang. dang cao AH. Goi P, Q ln luot 18 tung diém ola Che trudng hop ddng dang | - Higu cdc dinh i vé: cfc doan thing BH, AH. Chieng minh ring: ita hai tam gid. + Cée truing hyp dag dang cia hai | a) MABIT©> ACAH: Ung dung thye té cia tam| tam giée, b) AABPe> ACAQ. gide dong dang. + Céc trudmg hgp ding dang cia hai tam gide vuéng, ‘900 - 8 cI AvaU OT OS 900z - 8 - ZI AUBU ‘Ost CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU Kining - Van dung duge cdc trudng hop dng dang cia tam gide d8 gi ton. - Bigt tmg dung tam gide dong dang 8 do gin tgp cdc Khodng cfch. VIIL HINH LANG TRU DUNG. HINH CHOP DEU 1. Hinh ling try dimg. Hinh hop chit ubgt, inh chop déu. Hinh chép cut déu Cée yeu to cia cdc hinh 6, Cée céng thite tinh dién tfch, | diér the tich, | Kien hie | Nhdn biét duge cfc logi binh hoc vache yéu 6 cia ching. Kinng - Van dung duge cée céng thite tinh tic the tich cdc hinh di hge, ~ Biét cdch xde dink hinh Khai tién ita cf hin di hoe hia niin (Khdng ching minh) ede cbng thie tinh thé tich cia ede hinh Jing tm dimg va binh chép dé. 2, Cae quan hé kh6ng gian trong hinh hip Mit phing: Hinh biga dign, su xéc dinh. Hinh hop chit abit va quan hé song song gita: duing thing va dudmg thing, duing thing va mit phing, mat phing va mat phing. Kitn thie hin bit duge cdc ket qua due phan énh trong hinh hép chit nbét vé quan Ig song song va quan hé wudng gée gita cée d6i tuong dung thang, mit phing. = Khdng gigi thigu céc tién 48 cia hin hoe khong gian. vé su xée dinh cia mat phing. Sir dung cfc yéu t6 true quan dé minh hoa cho n6i dung | nay, |-Thita nhin (khOng ching minh) cfc két qua | gs 7a - 900¢ - 8- zi 900z - 8 - ZI Seau 60 OS CHU DE MUCBOQ CAN DAT GHI CHU Hin hop chit nhat va quan ‘hE vung géc git v thang va dung thing, duing thing va mit phing, mit |phang vi mit phing. LOP9 CHU BE MUCBO CAN DAT | GHI CHO L CAN BAC HAL CAN BAC BA 1, Khai nigm cdn bac hai Can thie bic hai va hing | ding thie Vi? =Lal. Kien thite / Qua mt vi bai tod oy the, néu 13 sy cn Higu khai nigm cin bée hai cia mét 36 | thiét cia khdi niém cd bc hai. khong am, ki higu cin bée hai, phin bi&t) yy ay. Rét gon bigu thite luge cén bc hai duong va cin bic ai am ‘cia cling mét s6 dung, din nghia cin bac hai 6 hoc. Kining Tinh duoe cin bic hai cia mt so hose | mét biéu thie 1a binh phuong cia mat sd hod binh phuong cia mot bigu tite Khéc. 2. Cée phép tinh va cde Kining phép bién ddi don gidn ve can bic hai [ai: khai phuong mat tich va nhn cdc can | kign cho vige rit gon bigu thie cho trudc. = Thue hign duge cde phép tinh vé cén bic |- Cac phép tinh ve cin bic hai tao digu | 9007 ~ 8 = ZT ABBU OT OS 8 2 g € 8 ® 2 3 8 5B cHupe MUCBO CAN DAT GHI CHO tite bic hai, khai phutong mot thuong va chia cfc cn thife bac hai, - Thue hién duge eée phép bién doi don g bac hai: dua thita sO ra ngodi dau cin, dua thira sO vio trong dau cin, khir mau cia bigu thite lay cin, tue cin thie 6 mu, ~ Biét ding bang s0 va may tinh bo tii dé tinh can béc hai cia mét sO dung cho tude, Dé phong sai lam khi cho ring | VazB = Vat VB. | - Khong nén xét cdc bidu thie qué phite tap. Trong ting hop tye cin tite & miu, chi nén xét mau [a tng hode higu cla hai cin bf ha, ~ Khoi tinh cin bac hai cia sO duong nho bang s0 hode may tinh bo tii, ket gua 3.Cin bieba Kién thite Higu Khdi nim clin bac ba cia mot sé thye. | Kindng Tinh duoc cin béc ba cia mot sO biéw ign duge thanh lép phuong cia mot sO kde. = Chi xét mt sO vi dy dom gin vé clin bic ba. Vids Tinh $343, $0,064. ~ Khong xét cfc phép tinh va cfe phép bien doi vé cin bic ba. ILHAM SO BACNHAT 1, Haim sy = ax +b (a#0) Kien thie ham so bfe nbit. Kining Biét céch vé va v8 dung d6 thi cua him sé bic mbit y= ar +b. Higu khdi nigm va céc tinh chat cit - at han ché vige xét cdc ham sO. y= ax+b v6ia, b Lining s6 v6 ti, = Khong chimg minh cée tinh chat ota biim s6 bie ait - Khdng dé cap dén vie phai bign lun ‘9002-8 eI ABSU OL OS O¥ELONOO €ST 9002 - 8 - ZI ABFU 60 OS awSoft « bai dudng thing cho trade, cHUDE MUCDQ CAN DAT GHI CHO theo tham sO trong ni dung vé ham s6 bac nhat. 2. HE so gée cia dung | Kién thine thing, Hai dung thiing song ~ Higu khdi niém hé sb gc cia dung | Vé dus Cho cfc dung thing: song va hai dung thing eit thing y = ax +b (a#0). (d,):y= 2x41; hau - Sit dung hé s0 gée cia dung thing dé (d,) ihn bit su ct nhau hoe song song cia (d;):y=2x-3. KhOng vé eée duimg thing d6, hiy cho bit chiing 6 vj ti uu thé nao d6i v6i hau? IIL. HE HAT PHUONG TRINH BAC NHAT HAI AN 1, Phuong trinh bie hat hai fn Kién thie | Hiéu khdi nigm phuong trinh ba nhat hai dn, nghiém va céch gidi phyong trinh bic Vé dys Vi mai phuong tinh sav, hay tim rghigm tong quét va bigu di tip nghiém| | pphuong php thé hai phuong trinh bée nhat hai an; Phuong phap cng dai s0, phuong php the, nat hai dn. cia n6trén mit phing tga d6: a) 2x-3y=0; b)2r-0y=1. 2. HE hai phurong trinh bic | Kién thire hit hai an Higu khdi nigm h€ hai phuong trinh bic nit hai én v2 nghiém cia hé hai phuong | ttinh bic nhat hai an. 3. Giai hé phuong trink bing | Ki nang | phuong phép c)ng dai sO,| Vin dung duoc hai phutng php gidi hé| Khdng ding céch tinh dinh thie d pi hé hai phyong tink bie nhat hai an, e g 19 0 9} ¥ 9002 - 8- cI Aedu 0 9007 - 8 - ZI Ava 6 CHU DE MUC DO CAN DAT GHICHO i 4, Giai bai todn bing cach | Kindng Vi dys Ti bat 96 bift ting cia ching | Tap hé phrong trinh - Biét cdch chuyén bai toén o6 Ibi vin bing 156, neu lay s0 Jin cia cho sé ahé sang bai toén gidi hé phuong trink bac shat hai an, - Vin dung duge ede bude git todn bing céich lp hf hai phuong trinh bc nha hai thi duge thuong 126 va sbdvla9, Vi dy: Hai xf nghigp theo ké hoach phi lim tong cng 360 dung cu. Xi nghiép I i vuot mio ké hogch 12%, xi nghiép I in. 44 vugt mic ké hogeh 10%, do €6 hai xi hig i am tong Ong 400 dyng cu. Tin s6 dung cw mi xi nghigp phi lam theo ké hoach, | 1V. HAM SO y = ax’ (a#0). PHUONG TRINH BAC HAIMOT AN 1. Him s6 y = ax? (a # 0).| Kign thie Tinh chit. DO thi Higu cdc tinh chdt cia him s6 y fn bidt cdc tinh chit cita him sO Kiniing =a nhi dé thi, Khéng chimng minh che Bidt vé 6 thi cia ham s5 y = ax” voi gi| tinh chat d6 bang phuong php bién doi tr] bang s6 cia a. dais. Chi yeu clu v8 d6 thi cia him sb y= ax? (#0) voialis6 hint, 2. Phuong trinh bic hai mot | Kien thiee in Higu khdi nigm phuong trinh bac hai mét | Vi du: Giai cae phuong tink: in. a)@? +1-5=0; Kining $)3v 454250. Vain dung duge céch gi phuong tin sot 900 = 8 = ZT AUHU OF OS + Z1 Aesu 60 9S 9002 - 8 LawSott cH DE MUC DO CANDAT GHICHU bic hai mét an, dic bigt 12 cBng thie | nghiém cia phuong trinh 46 (néu phuong tinh c6 nghiém). 3. Din i Vit va img dung Kién thie, kining Higu va vin dung duge dinh If Vi-ét 48 tinh nhdm nghiém cia phuong trinh bée hhai mt dn, tim hai sO biét tong va tich cla ching, Vi dus Thm hai sbx vay, bidt+y =9 va y=00. 4, Phuong trinh quy vé phwong trinh bac hai Kien thie Biét nhin dang phuong trinh don gién quy vvé phuong trinh bac hai va biét d3t an phy thich hop d€ dua phuong tinh di cho vé phuong trinh bac hai d6i v6i an phy. Chi xét céc phuomg tink dom gid quy vé phuong trinh bic hai: &n phy 1 da thite bc nbat, da thitc bic hai hod c&n bc hai ola an chinh. Vi dw: Gidi céc phuong trinh: Kining a) 9x' 10° +1=0; Giai duge mét s6 phuong trinh don giin | b) 3Q7°+y)°-20°+y)-1=0; uy vé phuong tinh bac hai. 0) 2x3 +10, 5, Gii bai todn bing céch | Kinng Vi dus Tinh cfe Kich thutie cia mt hin Hip phwong trinh bic hai mgt in ~ Biét céch chuyén bai todn 06 Lei vin sang bai todn gidi phuong trinh bic hai mot an, ~ Vin dung duige céc bude giti todn bing cach lép phuong trinh bac hai. chit nhft 6 chu vi bang 120 m va dign tich bang 875 m. Vi due M6t t6 cing nkin phi Rm 144 dung cy. Do 3 céng nhan chuyén di lim vige khéc nén moi ngwdi edn lai pha im thém 4 dung cy. Tinh s6 cng nha lie ‘OST PARSone - Zi AeBu d00e 8 er ACW OT OS 9002 - 8 - CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU du cia t6 néu ning suit cla moi ngudi hu nhau, V. HE THUC LUQNG TRONG TAM GIAC VUONG 1. Mot so he thie vé canh va during cao trong tam gidc vudng Kien thie Higu céch ching minh of hé thite ve canh va dung cao trong tam gide vuéng. Kindng Van dung dive cée hé thite 6 42 gid tod va gidi quyét mét sO bai todn thy té. Vi du: Cho tam giée ABC vudng 6 A cd AB = 30 cm, BC = 50 om. Ké dudng cao AH, Tinh: a) D6 dai BH; b) Do dai AH. 2. Ti sO long gic cia géc nhgn. Bang lirgng gide Kién thiee - Hiéu céc dinh nghia: sing, cose, tana, cola. - Bigt mdi ign he giita ti sO lung giée cia cée géc ph nau. Kining - Vin dung duge cfc ti so Iuong gie de - Biétsitdung bang s6, may tinh bo tdi de tinh ti sO lugng gide cla mat gde nhon ic tim sb do ota ge nhgn khi biet mot ti sO lugng gide cla g6e 6. Cingc6 thé ing oe hig tga colger | Vi du: Cho tam gide ABC 06 A = 40°, AB= 10cm, AC = 12 om. Tinh digntch tam gide ABC. ‘9002 - 8 - cI Aesu OL oS 9002 - 8 - ZI AeFU GO OS a CHU BE MOCDOQ CAN DAT GHI CHU 3. Mot sO he thie gia cfc canh ya cde gée cia tam gide vudng (sit dung ti s0 ugg gide) Kien thine Hiéu céch chimg minh cfc hé thite gitta céc canh va cdc géc cia tam giée udng. Kining Van dung duge céc hé thie trén vao giai cic bai tip va gidi quyét mét s6 bai ton thuc é Vi du: Gidi tam giée vudng ABC biét A=9°,AC= 10 emvi C =30". 4. Ung dung thure t8 ede tis Iungng gide ciia gée nhon Kindng Biét cdch "do" chiéu cao va khoang cach trong tinh hung thyc 8 cé thé duge. VI.DUONG TRON 1, Xie dinh mt dudng tron Dinh nghia dung tn, hin | tron. Cung va diy cung. Su xée dinh mét dung tron. Duimg on ngoai tiép tam side, Kien thiee Hig: - Dinh nghia dwing tron, hinh trdn; ~ Ce tinh chat cia dung tron; - Su khic nhau gitta duong trin va hinh rn; ~ Khéi niém cung va day cung, diy cung Jom nbat cia dung tron, Kining - Biét céch v8 dung tn qua hai diém va ba diém cho trudc. Tit d6 biét céch vé during tron ngoai tiép mét tam gic. iu: Cho tam gidéc ABC va M Ia tung idm cia canh BC, VE MD J AB v3 ME 1 AC. Trén cde tia BD va CE laa lugt ly che diem I, K sao cho D [a trung diém cia Bi, El trung diém ciia CK. Chimng minh ring bén diém B, I, K, C cing nim ten mgt dung trdn. 8ST O¥EONOS 3 "g-cr AeFu or es 9002 - 8 - ZT KeaU GO, CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHU - Ung dung: V8 mét during tran theo digu ign cho trudc, efch xée dinh tim duomg | tron, 2. Tinh chit d6i ximg Tam doi xing, Truc déi ximg. Dung kinh va diy cung. Day cung vi khodng efch ti tim dén diy. | duémg kin va diy, ofc méi liga hé gta Kien thie Higu duge tim dung tron la tim d6i xing cia dudng won 46, bat Ki dudng inh io cing fa tuc d6i xing cia dug tron, Hiéu duge quan hé vuéng gée giita dy vi khodng céch tr tim dén diy. Kining Biét céch tim mi lién hé gia dung kin va day cung, diy cung va khodng cfch tt tim dén diy; fp dung céc digu nay vio eid todn, ~ Khéng dua ra ofe bai todn chimng minh phite tap. ~ Trong bai tip nén 06 cd phiin ching minh vi phan tinh toda, ndi dung ching minh cén ngin gon vi két hop vai kién tite vé tam gide dong dang. 3. Vj tri tuong abi ciia dudng thing va duimg tron, cita hai during tron } qua céc hé thitc twong img (dR, Kien thie ~ Higu duge vj ti tuomg d6i cia dudng thang va dudng tra, cla hai dung tron d=r4R,..) va dieu kign d8 moi vj tuong img c6 the y ra. ~ Higu cdc khdi nigm tiép tuyen cua dung Vi du: Cho doan thang AB va mst diém M Khong tring véicé A va B, V8 cdc dung trdn (A; AM) va (B; BM). Hay xe dinh vi tri wong d6i cia hai dvéng tron nay trong cde trudmg hop sau: a) Diém M nim ngoai duce thing AB; ‘900 - 8- cI AeAU OT OS 900 - 8 - ZI ABTu GO OS 6ST CHU DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHI CHU tron, hai dudng tron tiép xic trong, tiep wc ngoai, Dung duge tigp tuyén cla dung trén di qua mot diém cho trude & trén hodc ¢ ngoai duimg tron, ~ Higu tinh chat cia hai tigp tuyén cit hav, ~ Bigt kha nigm dung trdn néi tiép tam ide, Kinng - Biét efch vé duimg thing va duimg tron, | duing trin va duimg trdn Khi so diem chung cia ching 10, 1,2. ~ Vin dung cfc tinh chat di hoe a gid bai tp va mét sO bai tod thue te. ) Diém M nim gia A va B; o) Biém M ndm trén tia 60; ofa tia AB (hogc tia d6i cia tia BA), Vi du: Hai duing tron (0) va (0') cét nihau tai A va B. Goi M la trang diém ca 00! Qua A ké dung thing ving g6c Gi AM, cit cfc dung trdn (0) vi (01) lin lugt é C va D. Chimg minh ring AC= AD. VI.GOC VOI BUONG TRON 1. Gée 6 tim, Sé do cung Dinh nghia géc 6 tam. $6 do cita cung tron, Kien thie | Higu Khdi niém gée & tam, s6 do cia mot cung. Kining Ung dung gidi duge bai tap va mgt s0 bai todn thu té Vi dy: Cho duimg trin (0) va diy AB, Lay hai diém M va N én cung nko AB sao cho ching chia cung nay thnh ba cung bing nhau: ‘nt = MN = NB Cée bén kinh OM vi ON ct AB Tan hugt tai C va D. Chimg minh ring AC= BD va AC> CD. ‘09T "E> Ei Avsa or os 9007 - 8 ~ ZI ARBu ‘9002-8 cull DE MUCDO CAN DAT GHICHU | 2, Lién hé gia cung va diy Kién thie Nhdn biét duge moi lién hé gia eung va diy 48 so sinh dugc 46 lén cia hai cung theo hai day tuong tng va nguge lai. Kining Vidu: Cho tam gide ABC cfn tai A va néi tibp dung trdn (0) Bidt A = 50°. Hay so séahcéccung nbd AB,,AC va BC. 3, Gée tao bai hai cét tuyén cciia during tron Dinh nghia géc nbi tiép. Gibe ndi tigp va cung bj chan, Ge tgo bai tifp tuyén va diy cung. Gée 6 dinh & bén trong hay bén ngoti dung tron, Cung chia g6c, Bai todn qu lich “cung chia gd”, Kien thiee - Hiéu khdi nig g6o n6i tiép, moi ign he gia g6e ni = Nhdn biét duge ge tao bai tiép twyén va iep va cung bi chan. dy cung, = Nhiin biét dugc g6e e6 dinb 6 béa trong hay bén ngodi duimg trin, biét céch tinh 86 do cia cée géc tn. - Hida bai ton qu tich “cung chita géc” va bidt vin dung dé giai nhimg bai todn don gién, Kining Van dung duge cée dinh li, he qui de giai bai tip. Vi du: Cho tam gie ABC néi tiép duing tron (0, R) Bigt A = or(er< 90°). Tinh d6 ii BC. Vi du: Cho tam gide ABC vuing 6 A, c6 | canh BC cb dink. Goi / 18 giao diém cia) | ba dug phiin gide tcong. Tim quy tich diém /khi A thay doi. 900c - 8- cI

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