You are on page 1of 13

Aula

O DIÁLOGO ENTRE RAZÃO E


FÉ EM TOMÁS DE AQUINO 13
META
6/.1 2/1(-"(/ (204$23H$2# L+.2.L $,.,<2#$04(-.

OBJETIVOS
.L- +#$23  4+ . +4-.#$5$1<
(#$-3(L" 1 2/1(-"(/ (2" 1 "3$1E23(" 2# L+.2.L 3.,(23 $
#$L-(1 +$(341 3.,(23 #.".1/42 1(23.3C+(".

PRÉ-REQUISITOS
 +4-.#$5$1<3$1-.AH$22.!1$.2/1.!+$, 2L+.2GL".2/1$2$-3$2- .!1 #$
agostinho de Hipona.

DCH9CG989)^C*CA\G89EI=BCD=BHIF5F5B7=G7C890IF65F\B  
#IG9I899@5GFH9G89)9J=@<5GD5B<5CBH9<HHD 6D 6@C;;9F7CA
 !,*$4

 !FD

42O8)* 6:.34 bG9A8kJ=85IA8CGD9BG58CF9GA5=G=ADCF


H5BH9G85=@CGCs5A98=9J5@$5G7=8C9BHF9CG5BCG89 9 9A
(C775G9775H\@=59F58CBC89IA75F\H9F89G7F=HC5@;IA5GJ9N9G7CAC
F969@89EI5B8CDCF9L9AD@C9BHFCI5F9J9@=585:5Ad@=5D5F55%F89A
Tomás de Aquino 8CA=B=75B59CIHF5G7CACG9F9BC97CB79BHF58C+A585H5897=G=J589BHFC
Foi um dos maiores
856=C;F5s589EI=BCbG9I9B7CBHFC9A 7CA 1'*794&,349A
expoentes da Es- &5F=GCACG9Is9@8=G7dDI@C57CAD5B<CICA9GHF98IF5BH9GI59GH]B7=5
colástica medieval. 9AC@gB=589 5Hb  EI5B8CF9;F9GGCI5&5F=G
(1225-1274). )I5 C6F5 b J5GH5 9 9LDF9GG5 C 9GDdF=HC 5758cA=7C 75F57H9FdGH=7C 8CG
8CA=B=75BCGCIG9>57CBH9AD@5H55@==GHF589F9*9f@C;CAdGH=7Cs@fGC:C
*CA\GGCI697CB7=@=5FJ=855H=J59J=857CBH9AD@5H=J5

Alberto Magno

Grande teólogo e
filósofo medieval.
Mestre de Tomás
de Aquino. (1193
ou 1206)

CBH9<HHD KKKsC7FIN6F

92
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

 %DH 13
CB<97=8CDF=B7=D5@A9BH9D9@CAbHC8C89DFCJ5G9C6>9_h9GDF9G9BH9
B5GI5A5=G=ADCFH5BH9C6F55)IA5H9C@f;=759D9@5GI5F5=N5F=GHCHb@=75 Aristotelismo
G9ID9BG5A9BHCbAI=HCA5=GEI9IA7CA9BH\F=CCI89GJ=FHI5A9BHC85
=@CGCs589F=GHfH9@9G=Fd5ACGEI9G9HF5H589IA5@9=HIF589H9FA=B5BH9 Corrente filosófica
EI9DCGG=6=@=HCI;F5_5G[>IB_^C899@9A9BHCG5;CGH=B=5BCG9D@5HgB=7C derivado da leitura
5F=GHCHb@=7CG :IB85A9BH5F 5G DF=B7=D5=G EI9GHh9G 85 H9C@C;=5 7F=GH^ W das obras de Aris-
=ADCFH5BH9F9GG5@H5FEI95F9@5_^C9BHF9*CA\G9C &7.8949*1.824B^Cb tóteles.
HCH5@A9BH9D57ds75
9G7C@\GH=75H9J9EI97CA65H9F;F5_5G5CG5H5EI9G89J9FFf=G5G
H9G9G5F=GHCHb@=75GH^C69A579=H5GB5+B=J9FG=858989&5F=GC=7CBHF55
@9=HIF5F57=CB5@=GH5AI@_IA5B5\F569EI9=BJ=56=@=N5J5HC85DCGG=6=@=8589
898=\@C;C9BHF9s@CGCs55F=GHCHb@=7595:b7F=GH^EI9G98=F=;=F5A5G7FdH=75G
89*CA\G89EI=BC
'I9F57=CB5@=GAC:C=9GG9CBHF5F=5B8CIA5J=G^C5GGC7=5H=J59BHF9
5s@CGCs55F=GHCHb@=759CH9LHCG5;F58C=G@]A=7CCI7F=GH^CEI99B7CBHF5
ACG5HF5JbG8CGJ=bGB9CD@5HgB=7CGDF9G9BH9G9AJ=79B59J9FFf=GCG
&;*774V89&8:CF5A75D5N9GDCF=GGC=B7CAC85F5A89G9D5F5Fs@CGCs59
F9@=;=^CDFCACJ9B8C5GG=AIA5DFC:IB857F=G9H9fF=758IF5BH9Gb7I@C.
Averróis
=J9FG5G7CB89B5_h9G:CF5A8=H585G7CBHF55H9BH5H=J5899GH569@97=A9BHC
89IA5s@CGCs55IHgBCA5 Nascido em Córdo-
$C:IB8C57F9B_5DCFD5FH985F9@=;=^C85GID9F=CF=858985CF89A ba/Espanha. (1126-
GC6F9B5HIF5@5CAIB8C:dG=7C=BJ=56=@=N5J5HC85H9BH5H=J5899GH569@97=A9BHC 1198 d.C). foi um
89 IA5 CF=;9A B5HIF5@=GH5 D5F5 C 7CB<97=A9BHC W B9GH9 5A6=9BH9 EI9 dos responsáveis di-
reto pela introdução
*CA\G89EI=BCG9=BG9F97CAC=BCJ58CF97CB7=@=58CF:F9BH9[7F=G99GH56
do pensamento aris-
9@97=85D9@5s@CGCs5\F5699BHF9HC8CGCGD9BG58CF9G7F=H=758CGJ9FFf=G totélico na Europa.
:C=CEI9A5=G5H5EI9GGC:F9IG:CFH9GD5@5JF5G89&9HF5F75
  Além de comentar-
=@IGHF5A69ACEI99GH5ACG8=N9B8CqJ9FFf=G5EI9@9757<CFFCF5=JCGC dor dos textos de
EI9ACJ=8CDCFIA56CA=B\J9@:IFCF@5H=I7CBHF5F=GHCG9I)9B<CF9 Aristóteles, Averróis
7CBHF55:b75Hf@=75q@CBGC D. escreveu obras so-
bre: Medicina, Teo-
WDF97=GCF9GG5@H5FEI99A6CF58=G7CF85B8C89AI=HCG5GD97HCG85
logia, Astronomia e
@9=HIF55J9FFCdGH5*CA\G:C=75D5N897CB7=@=5F9A5BH9FG95IHgBCACH5BHC Direito.
7CAF9@5_^C5CD9BG5A9BHC89J9FFf=G7CAC8CDFfDF=CF=GHfH9@9GCAC
9L9AD@C89GH5<5FACB=59BHF95F=GHCH9@=GAC97F=GH=5B=GACH9ACG5G7b@96F9G
DFCJ5GCIJ=5GD5F559L=GHcB7=5899IGEI9G9F^CC6>9HCG89GH5BCGG55I@5 Inatismo
BH9G89589BHF5FACGB5GDFCJ5G859L=GHcB7=5899IGBCGD5F979
=BH9F9GG5BH9 7CB:FCBH5F 5 5F;IA9BH5_^C 89 *CA\G 89 EI=BC :F9BH9 [G Doutrina que de-
89A5=G DFCJ5G 9A JC;5 B5 bDC75 D5FH=7I@5FA9BH9 5G 5DF9G9BH585G B5 fende a existência de
"CIG9>55DFCJ58C 3! 489 4Q4&2&8(*3495   idéias inatas.
89BG9@AC895BHI\F=5
% EI9 8=:9F9B7=5 5G DFCJ5G 9@56CF585G DCF *CA\G 89 EI=BC 8CG
89A5=G5F;IA9BHCGDFCDCGHCG)=;5ACGCH9LHC85)IA5$5EI9GH^C

93
 !,*$4

5FH*CA\G7F=H=75HFcG7CB79D_h9GCI5F;IA9BHCG579F75859J=8cB7=5
8=J=B5G^C9@9G
5 C^C5A5G79BCEI98=Nq&5F979EI959L=GHcB7=5899IGb
7CB<97=85DCFG=A9GA5r
6BG9@AC895BHI\F=5EI95sFA5G9F9IGqCG9FA5=CFEI9CEI5@
B585DCGG5G9FD9BG58Cr
75DFCJ5HCA5857CACq5FH=;C89:br
João Damasceno
IADF98=N9FEI9B^CG9HF5H57CA5GDFCJ5G89EI9GH=CB5F59L=GHcB7=589
9IG>\EI9D5F5*CA\G9GH9:5HCb9J=89BH9A5G89ACBGHF5FGI59L=GHcB7=5
Nasceu em Dam- 5HF5JbG89IA7CB<97=A9BHCB^CIBdJC7CB9A9EIdJC7CA5G5B\@C;C=N
asco em 675 e mor- 9@9B5)IA5 
reu em 749; foi um
dos maiores teólo- 'I95DFCDCG=_^C9IG9L=GH9EI5BHC[GI5B5HIF9N5b9J=89BH9DC=GC
gos do seu tempo.
Escreveu o primeiro
DF98=758CG9=89BH=s757CACGI>9=HCG9B8C9IGCG9IG9F7CAC58=5BH9G9
tratado de teologia J9F\#5G7CACB^CG569ACGCEI9b9IG9@5B^CBCGbDCFG=9J=89BH9
sistemática. A5GB979GG=H589G9F89ACBGHF585D9@CG9:9=HCGA5=G7CB<97=8CG89BfG9
A9BCG7CB<97=8CGDCFB5HIF9N5

&5F5 F9GDCB89F [ DF=A9=F5 H9G9  GIGH9BH585 DCF C^C 5A5G79BC


*CA\G89EI=BC:CFAI@55G9;I=BH9C6>9_^C598C=GAC8CGDC89IA5
7C=G5G9F7CB<97=85DCFG=556GC@IH5A9BH99B^CF9@5H=J5A9BH95BfG6
56GC@IH5A9BH99F9@5H=JC5BfG
)9;IB8C9@9D5F5EI95@;CG9>57CB<97=8CDCFG=bB979GG\F=CEI9C
DF98=758C 9GH9>5 BC GI>9=HC 7CAC DCF 9L9AD@C   .  5GC
G9>57CB<97=8CDCFHC8CGCEI9bC 9C "!H5@DFCDCG=_^C8=F\
*CA\GG9F\9J=89BH9D5F5HC8CG$C9BH5BHC7CACB^CG569ACGCEI9
b9IG5DFCDCG=_^C9IG9L=GH97CAC8=GG9ACGb #(DC=G9IGbC
G9F9=89BH=s75G97CACDF98=758CA5GB^Cb #!%EI95A5G79BC
Anselmo de 7<5A589q9J=8cB7=5r*CA\G7@5GG=s758989G9>C9IGDCFG9F5:9@=7=8589
Cantuária 8C<CA9Ab89G9>58CA5G=GGCB^C89J9G9F7CB:IB8=8C7CA7CB<97=8C
CAF9@5_^C[G9;IB85H9G98=N9@9q*5@J9NEI9ACIJ9CBCA989
E s c r ev e u , e n t r e 9IGB^CC=BH9@=;97CACG=;B=s75B8CCG9FA5=CFEI9CEI5@B585DCGG5
outras obras, dois
G9FD9BG58CDC=G5@;IBG57F98=H5AG9F9IG7CFDCrCACDC89ACG7CB
opúsculos intitula-
dos: Monologion GH5H5FbCF9HCFBC85C6>9_^C:9=H5DCF5IB=@CBC  1=GHCbC:5HC89
e Proslogion nos 5@;IbA9G7IH5FC 899IGB^C=AD@=75GI59J=8cB7=5 A5GGCA9BH9
quais demonstra a BC !!G98=B5DDF9<9BG=CB9=BH9@@97HIGH5BHIA
existência de Deus CAF9GD9=HC[H9F79=F5DFCJ5n9IGb9J=89BH9D9@5:b5F9GDCGH5
apoiando-se exclu- b=A98=5H55G7C=G5G85:bB^CG^C89ACBGHF\J9=G)9895EI59GIBHs89=
sivamente e, argu-
BCBGIBH89ACBGHF56=@=5
mentos de ordem
racional. &5F5EI=BC589ACBGHF5_^CbDCGGdJ9@DCF8C=GAC8CGCI9GDb7=9G
(9GDCB89C8=79B8IAEIC88ID@9L9GH89ACBGHF5H=CEI9G^CD9@5G " 
D9F75IG5ACI / 9D9@CG ! D9F9::97HIA9:9B89Cs@fGC:C
EI9D9@C9:9=HCDC89G97CB<979FA9@<CF575IG5>\EI9C9:9=HCbA5=G

94
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

7CB<97=8CEI9575IG5
&C89ACG7CB7@I=FEI9*CA\G89EI=BC89:9B89C7CB<97=A9BHC89
9IG9A6CF5B^CB5GI59GGcB7=5D9@5J=58575IG5@=858998CG9:9=HCG
13
=HC=GGCD5GG9ACGD5F5C5F;IA9BHC89*CA\G
,=G5B8CIA5A9@<CF7CADF99BG^C8CH9A5:5F9ACGDF=A9=F5A9BH9
IA59LDCG=_^CG=AI@H]B95895@;IBGH9LHCG85 / 985 !/ 5F=GHC
Hb@=75G95@;IA5GD5GG5;9BG85 "1D5F59AG9;I=859LDCFC
7CA9BH\F=C8CG5F;IA9BHCGIH=@=N58CGD9@CC7HCF5B;9@=7IG
CACDC89ACGD9F7969FbB5C6F55F=GHCHb@=75EI9*CA\G9B7CBHF5F\
CG9@9A9BHCGB979GG\F=CGD5F5:CFAI@5F5GI5DF=A9=F5DFCJ5859L=GHcB7=5
899IG8=N9@9

A5=GA5B=:9GH5DFCJ5b5EI9DFC79898CACJ=A9BHCDC=Gb
79FHC9J9F=s758CD9@CGG9BH=8CGG9BGI7CBGH5HEI95@;IBGG9F9G
G^CACJ=8CGB9GH9AIB8C*C8CCACJ=8CDCFCIHFCCb&CFEI9
B585bACJ=8CG9B^C9BEI5BHCDCH9B7=5@DCH9BH=5F9@5H=J5A9BH9
[EI=@C5EI9bACJ=8C9IAG9FACJ99BEI5BHC9A5HC&C=GACJ9F
B^CbG9B^C@9J5F5@;IA57C=G585DCH9B7=55C5HC

%5F;IA9BHCG9;I99A@=B<5G;9F5=G5G7CBG9ElcB7=5G859J=8cB7=5
8CACJ=A9BHCBCAIB8C)9;IB8CF=GHfH9@9GbH5F9:585s@CGCs5=B
85;5FGC6F9CDF=B7dD=C8CACJ=A9BHC9G9B8C9@99H9FBCEI5@G9F=5G9I
DF=A9=FCACHCF

&@5B9H5*9FF5J=GHC85@I5CBH9<HHD 79@I@5G897CA6IGH=J9@
D@5B9H57@=LDH

95
 !,*$4

H=9BB9=@GCBBCG@9A6F5CD5D9@EI95F95@=8589G9BGdJ9@89G9AD9B<5
B5GDFCJ5G=GHCbCIB=J9FGCF9EI9FIA59LD@=75_^C75IG5@EI9;5F5BH55
9GH56=@=8589:F9BH95CD9FDbHIC89J=F")%$ DA6CF5C
5F;IA9BHC8CDF=A9=FCACHCFG9>589:\7=@75DH5_^CDCGG=6=@=H55@;IA5G
EI9GHh9G7CACDCF9L9AD@C5HC857C=G5b89:5HCACJ=85DCFCIHF5
6WDCGGdJ9@F9ACBH5FACG5C=BsB=HCB5GbF=9897C=G5GEI9ACJ9A9EI9
G^CACJ=85G
F=GHfH9@9G7CAC8=GG9ACGB^CJ=58=s7I@8589G9A5sFA5FEI9HI8C
EI9G9ACJ9bB979GG5F=5A9BH9ACJ=8CDCF5@;C5GC7CBHF\F=CH9Fd5ACG
EI958A=H=F5=B7C;BCG7=6=@=8589BCGDFC79GGCG=GHCb7CAC89H9FA=B5F
EI9DCF9L9AD@C9GH=J9GG9BC:C;CA9GAC575IG589G9IGI6=F965=L5F
G9A DF9GGIDCF C 56GIF8C 89GH5 5sFA5_^C F=GHfH9@9G dG=75   5
=ADCGG=6=@=8589@f;=7589EI95@;CDCGG5G9F5CA9GACH9ADC75IG5
ACHCF59ACJ=85ACJ9BG9HACHIA@9J5*CA\GG9;I=B8CCGD5GGCG89
F=GHfH9@9G5sFA5F59L=GHcB7=589IA575IG5DF=A9=F5=AfJ9@EI9b9IG%
DCGHI@58C859L=GHcB7=5899IG7CACACHCF=AfJ9@G9;I989D9FHCCIHF5
5F;IA9BH5_^C5F=GHCHb@=75DF9G9BH9H5A6bAB5dG=75, 6 EI98=N

W=ADCGGdJ9@EI9CDF=A9=FCEI9ACJ99EI9b=AfJ9@H9B<55@;IA5
A5;B=HI89A9:9=HCG9H=J9GG9A5;B=HI89G9F=5B979GG\F=CEI9CI
  69A:CGG99@9A9GACsB=HCCI=BsB=HC'I9B^CbDCGGdJ9@<5J9F
IA5A5;B=HI89=BsB=H5s7CI89ACBGHF58C5BH9GBCG@=JFCG9G7F=HCG
Expressão latina uti-
lizada como sinôni- GC6F95B5HIF9N5EI9b=ADCGGdJ9@EI99AJ=FHI89895@;CsB=HCG9
(* !'#*.!(D( ACJ55@;CDCFH9ADC=BsB=HCG9575658989ACBGHF5F%DF=A9=FC
Literalmente sig- ACHCF7C@C759AACJ=A9BHCIAACJ=A9BHC9H9FBC9DCFH9ADC
)%D/;*%)D)%/* =BsB=HC &CFH5BHC 9GH\ 7@5FC EI9 b =B8=J=GdJ9@ EI9 B^C H9A B9A
D5FH9GB9AA5;B=HI89

<9;5ACG5GG=A[G9;IB85EI9GH^C@9J5BH585CIG9>5B5=ADCGG=6=
@=858989G9F9ACBH5F &).3^3.9:27<9;5G9575IG5DF=A9=F5858CEI9
D5F5F=GHfH9@9GB585G9ACJ95C5N5FA5GG9ADF9H9AEI9<5J9F5@;IA
DF=B7dD=Ck@H=A5D5FH98C5F;IA9BHC89*CA\G9GH\9AD9F:9=H5G=BHCB=5
7CA5D5GG5;9A.
 5 85#9H5:dG=758=NF=GHfH9@9G

WDCGHCEI9CEI9G9ACJ99ACJ9b=BH9FA98=\F=CH9AEI9<5J9F
5@;CEI9G9AACJ9FG9ACJ5EI9G9>59H9FBCGI6GH5B7=595HC
=N*CA\G

%F5G9B^C<5J9F=5B9B<IADF=A9=FCACHCF9DCF7CBG9ElcB7=5
CIHFC EI5@EI9F DC=G CG ACHCF9G G9;IB8CG B^C ACJ9A G9B^C
ACJ=8CGD9@CDF=A9=FC7CACB^CACJ9C6\7I@CG9AG9FACJ=8C
D9@5A^C"C;CbB979GG\F=C7<9;5F5IADF=A9=FCACHCF89B9B<IA
CIHFCACJ=8C5CEI5@HC8CG8^CCBCA9899IG

96
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

&5F5 sB5@=N5F 9GH9 DF=A9=FC 5F;IA9BHC b =ADCFH5BH9 D9F7969F 5 =B


HFdBG975F9@5_^CH9A\H=759BHF9CDFC6@9A58CACJ=A9BHC95F9@5_^C5HC
DCHcB7=5*5BHCD5F5F=GHfH9@9GEI5BHCD5F5*CA\G89EI=BCIA57C=G5
13
B^CDC89G9F5HC9DCHcB7=55CA9GACH9ADC9GC6CA9GAC5GD97HC
J9>5ACG9GH5G8I5GD5GG5;9BG
F=GHfH9@9G&<M, 6
qGH\89sB=8CEI9GCA9BH9CAI
H\J9@AI85CIG9>5CDCH9B7=5@A9BH9AIH\J9@A5GB^CCEI99GH\9A5HCr
*CA\G89EI=BCqB585bACJ=8CG9B^C9BEI5BHCDCH9B7=5@F9@5H=J5
A9BH9[EI=@C5EI9bACJ=8C9IAG9FACJ99BEI5BHC9A5HCr
$9GH5D9FGD97H=J5F95sFA5ACGA5=GIA5J9NEI9B585b5HC9DCHcB
7=5ACHCF9ACJ=8CGC6CA9GAC5GD97HCW:IB85A9BH5@D9F7969FEI9
9BHF9C9IG7F=GH^C9C9IGACHCF=AfJ9@5F=GHCHb@=7C9L=GH9A8=:9F9B_5G
GI6GH5B7=5=GEI9B^C8=G7IH=F9ACG5EI=A5GEI9F9EI9F65GH5BH97I=858C
D5F5B^C7CA9H9FACG5B57FCB=GACG
+A5CIHF5D5GG5;9A8CCDkG7I@C9DF=B7=D==GB5HIF59BCG5>I855
9BH9B89F9GH5DF=A9=F5DFCJ58=N*fA5Gq9:5HCCEI99L=GH99ADCHcB
7=5B^CDC89DCFG=A9GACD5GG5F55HCH5@7CACC7C6F9EI99L=GH99A
DCHcB7=5D5F5G9F9GH\HI5B^CG9:5NDCFG=A9GAC9GH\HI5A5GDF97=G589
IACD9F58CFD5F5EI95:CFA5859GH\HI5G5=585DCHcB7=55C5HCr

*CA=GACF9:9F9G95CD9BG5A9BHC89*CA\G89EI=BC

&5GG9ACGD5F5CG9;IB8C5F;IA9BHCCIDFCJ55B5HIF9N58575IG5
9s7=9BH9F=GHfH9@9G5sFA5BCD5GGC85#9H5:dG=755 EI9b9J=89BH9
EI9<\IADF=B7dD=C9EI9B^CG^C=BsB=H5G5G75IG5G8CG9BH9G%EI9=GGC
EI9F8=N9F;I=G589F9GDCGH58=Fd5ACGEI9b=ADCGGdJ9@9AEI5@EI9F
BdJ9@75IG5@A5H9F=5@9s7=9BH9sB5@CI:CFA5@DF9GGIDCFIADFC79GGC
=BsB=HC IADF9 C6G9FJ5F EI9 BC H9LHC 5F=GHCHb@=7C B^C <\ F9:9FcB7=5 [
75IG5 9s7=9BH9 A5G G=A 5 75IG5 ACHCF5 GH5 C6G9FJ5_^C b =ADCFH5BH9
DCFEI97CAC8=GG9ACGBC=Bd7=CJ9FFf=G7F=H=75F\5589EI5_^C9BHF975IG5
9s7=9BH99ACHCF5F95@=N585DCFJ=79B5,9>5ACGCG9L9AD@CG858CGDCF
F=GHfH9@9GEI9BCG5>I85A59BH9B89FGI5H9CF=585G75IG5GDF9G9BH9B5
#9H5:dG=75 5
5#5H9F=5@qb=ADCGGdJ9@EI9IA57C=G5DFC798589CIHF55HbC=BsB=HCDCF
9L9AD@C575FB985H9FF55H9FF58C5FC5F8C:C;C95GG=A=B79GG5BH9A9BH9r
6#CHCF5qEI9C<CA9AG9>5DCGHC9AACJ=A9BHCD9@C5F99GH9D9@C
GC@9CGC@D9@Cf8=C9H7r
7=B5@qB^CbDCGGdJ9@EI95EI=@C9AJ=GH58CEI5@G9:5N5@;CDFC79855C
=BsB=HCrEI9CD5GG95FG9>59AJ=GH585G5k8999GH59AJ=GH585:9@=7=8589
95:9@=7=85899AJ=GH589CIHF57C=G59EI95GG=AG9ADF9IA57C=G5G9>5
9AJ=GH589CIHF5r
8CFA5@qG9B^C<\B9B<IAH9FACDF=A9=FCB^C<\9A56GC@IHCB9B
<IA575IG5r

97
 !,*$4

=;65B;CBH9<HHD KKK6=6@9@=:9CF;

"9=5ACGC5F;IA9BHC89*CA\G89EI=BCGC6F99GH9GDCBHCG

9G7C6F=ACG EI9 <\ 79FH5 CF89A 85G 75IG5G 9s7=9BH9G BCG G9F9G
G9BGdJ9=GDCFbAB^C7CB7969ACGB9AbDCGGdJ9@EI9IA57C=G5G9>5
75IG59s7=9BH989G=DFfDF=5DC=GG9F=55BH9F=CF5G=A9GA5CEI9B^C
DC89G9F#5Gb=ADCGGdJ9@B5G75IG5G9s7=9BH9GDFC7989FG95HbC
=BsB=HCDC=G9AHC85G5G75IG5G9s7=9BH9GCF89B585G5DF=A9=F5b
75IG585Ab8=599GH585k@H=A5G9>5A5GAb8=5GAI=H5GCIIA5Gf
bB979GG\F=C58A=H=FIA575IG59s7=9BH9DF=A9=F5[EI5@HC8CG
8^CCBCA9899IG

GH\7@5FCEI9B565G9;9F5@89GH9G8C=G5F;IA9BHCGF9G=895B9;5_^C8C
DFC79GGC58=BsB=HIA9A6CF5B^CDCGG5ACG8=N9FEI9H9ACGIA5F98I_^C
85G7=B7CJ=5G5IA5F;IA9BHC8=J=8=8C9A7=B7CD5FH9G
H9F79=F5DFCJ5G965G9=5BCDCGGdJ9@9BCB979GG\F=C9LDCGG=6=@=9H
B979GG\F=C%IG9>5J9ACGEI979FH5G7C=G5GDC89AG9F9B^CG9FDC89B8C
G9F;9F585G97CFFCAD=85G%F5=ADCGGdJ9@b9L=GH=F9AG9ADF9HC8CGCGG9F9G
89H5@B5HIF9N5DC=GCEI9DC89B^CG9F5@;IAH9ADCB^C:C=)9DCFH5BHC

98
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

HC85G5G7C=G5GDC89AB^CG9F5@;IAH9ADCB9B<IA59L=GH=5#5GG9H5@
:CGG9J9F85895=B855;CF5B5859L=GH=F=5DC=GCEI9B^CbGfDC897CA9_5F
59L=GH=FDCFIA57C=G5>\9L=GH9BH9CF5B9B<IA9BH99L=GH=B8Cb=ADCGGdJ9@
13
EI95@;IA7CA97959L=GH=F9DCFH5BHCB5859L=GH=F=5CEI99J=89BH9A9BH9
b:5@GC"C;CB9AHC8CGCGG9F9GG^CDCGGdJ9=GA5Gb:CF_CGCEI95@;IA
89BHF99@9GG9>5B979GG\F=C%F5HI8CCEI9bB979GG\F=CCIH9A89:CF5
575IG585GI5B979GG=8589CIB^C5H9A#5GB^CbDCGGdJ9@DFC7989F5C
=BsB=HC BCG G9F9G B979GG\F=CG EI9 H9A 5 75IG5 85 DFfDF=5 B979GG=8589
7CACH5A6bACB^CbB5G75IG5G9s7=9BH9G7CAC>\G9DFCJCI&CFCB89
b:CF_CGC58A=H=FIAG9FDCFG=B979GG\F=CB^CH9B8C89:CF5575IG585
GI5B979GG=85895BH9GG9B8C575IG585B979GG=85898CGCIHFCG95H5@G9F
HC8CG7<5A5A9IG
&C89ACG9L9AD@=s75F9GH5DFCJ585G9;I=BH9
A5B9=F5
5%DCGGdJ9@b7CBH=B;9BH9nDC89G9FCIB^CG9F
n7CBHF\F=CDCFH5BHC5CB979GG\F=C
6%DCGGdJ9@B^CH9AGI59L=GHcB7=5DCFG=A9GAC
A5GDCFIA575IG59s7=9BH9
7"C;CC B979GG\F=C9L=GH9nbCEI97<5A5ACG
9IG
% 5F;IA9BHC G9 A5BHbA B5 9GHFIHIF5 5BH9
F=CF89F98I_^C75IG5@A5G57F9G79BH5IA89H5@<9
BCJC5G569FB9B<IA9BH99L=GH=B8Cb=ADCGGdJ9@EI95@;IA7CA9795
9L=GH=F9GH55sFA5_^C BCG 7CB8IN5 IA DFC6@9A5 EI9 9GH\DF9G9BH9B5
HF58=_^C89D9BG58CF9G7CAC@:5F56=J=79B59BCD9BG5A9BHC>I89I89
&.2Y3.)*89EI98=NF9GD9=HC[8=GH=B_^C9BHF99GGcB7=599L=GHcB7=5B5G
7C=G5G7F=585G=GHCb5@;IBGG9F9GB5G79A9D58979A;F5_5G[GIGH9BH5_^C
89IAG9FEI9G9ADF9b9IG
GH57CB7@IG^CG95@=B<5D9F:9=H5A9BH97CA5H9F79=F5DFCJ589*CA\G
CIG9>5G9HC85G5G7C=G5GDC89AB^CG9F9A5@;IAH9ADCB9B<IA59L=GH=5
F9:IH5_^C89GH95F;IA9BHCG9;I9CG>\5DF9G9BH58CGB5)IA5CI
G9>5HI8CCEI9bH9AGI575IG5B5EI9@9EI9bC;F5IA\L=AC9J9F8589=FC
A\L=A99HJ9F=GG=A9 Moses Maimónides
)9;IB8CCs@fGC:CCEI9b75IG58CB^CDC899L=GH=FG9ADF9DCFEI9
=GGCG=;B=s75F=5EI95DCHcB7=5D5GG=J59L=GH=IG9ADF9 Nasceu em Córdoba
(Espanha) em 1138
EI5FH5DFCJ5859L=GHcB7=5899IGG9:IB85A9BH5BCG;F5IGEI9
e morreu em 1204.
G9 9B7CBHF5A B5G 7C=G5G  F9:9FcB7=5 5F=GHCHb@=75 D5F5 9GH5 H9G9 *CA\G Um dos grandes ex-
9B7CBHF5F\B5#9H5:dG=7589F=GHfH9@9G"=JFC 6  q9AC8C poentes do pensam-
EI975857C=G5H9AJ9F8589B5A9GA5A98=859AEI9H9AG9FrF9:9F ento judaico.
cB7=55F=GHCHb@=75DCGG=6=@=H55*CA\GD9BG5F9AIA;F5I<=9F\FEI=7CEI9
H9A7CAC65G95589EI5_^C9BHF9G9F9J9F8589=N9@9q5GG=AB9@5GG9
9B7CBHF5A9ADFCDCF_^CA5=CFCIA9BCFC69A5J9F85895BC6F9N59
CIHFCG5HF=6IHCGG9A9@<5BH9GrF9t9L^CEI969ADC89F=5G9FD@5HgB=7C

99
 !,*$4

5;CGH=B=5B589:9B8959L=GHcB7=589IAG9FA\L=ACW=BH9F9GG5BH9C6G9F
J5FCDCBHC=B=7=5@8C5F;IA9BHCCIG9>55J9F8589Gf;5B<5G9BH=8CG9
D9BG5859AF9@5_^C5CJ9F8589=FC%EI9=GGCG=;B=s75$5GD5@5JF5G8C
s@fGC:CCA5=G7\@=8CbCEI9G95DFCL=A58CA5L=A5A9BH97\@=8CCAC
7CBG9ElcB7=5 H9Fd5ACG EI9 58A=H=F 5 9L=GHcB7=5 89 5@;C A5L=A5A9BH9
J9F8589=FC 9 7CBG9EI9BH9A9BH9 A5L=A5A9BH9 G9F GH5 :CFAI@5_^C G9
9B7CBHF5H5A6bA9AF=GHfH9@9G#9H5:dG=75,

5  

@bA8CA5=G5=B85EI9HC85G5G7C=G5G:CGG9A9AGIAC;F5I5GG=A
9B^C5GG=ACA5=G9CA9BCGG^C=B9F9BH9G5B5HIF9N58CG9BH9G
&CF7CBG9;I=BH9G9CEI9bA5=GIA57C=G59GH\A5=GDFfL=AC
89@5<5J9F\5CA9BCG5@;CJ9F8589=FC8CEI5@9GH5F\A5=GDFfL=AC
CEI9bA5=GJ9F8589=FC

AD9F:9=H5G=BHCB=57CACH9LHC5F=GHCHb@=7C@9ACGBC%9BH9959G
GcB7=5
EI=@CEI9b89BCA=B58CCA\L=AC9CA5=GJ9F8589=F5A9BH99A
EI5@EI9F;cB9FCb75IG58CGEI99GH^C89DC=GB5EI9@9;cB9FC5GG=A7CAC
C:C;CEI99GH\BC@=A=H985EI9BHIF5b75IG58C75@CFB5G7C=G5GEI9BH9G
7CACG98=NBC@=JFC85#9H5:dG=75

CAC*CA\G DFCDgG89ACBGHF5F59L=GHcB7=5 89 9IG 5 D5FH=F 8CG


;F5IGEI9G99B7CBHF5AB5G7C=G5G9D5F5H5BHCIH=@=NCIC9L9AD@C8C:C;C
q%:C;CA5L=A5A9BH97\@=8Cb75IG589HC8CGCG7\@=8CGrDC89Fd5ACG
8=N9FG9;I=B8C9GH9DFC798=A9BHCEI98CA9GAC
AC8CEI956CB8589b75IG589HC8C69A9L=GH=F\
IAG9FEI9bGIA5A9BH969A975IG589HC8C69A
9 6CB8589 GH5 DFCJ5 EI9 DCGGI= 7@5FCG HF5_CG
CBHC@f;=7CG9=895@=GH5G8=:9F965GH5BH985G89A5=G
5DF9G9BH585GB5)IA59:CA9BHCI8=J9FG5G7FdH=75G
7CAF9@5_^C5CAbHC8CG9;I=8CD9@C5IHCF
EI9GH^CG9F=565G=75A9BH95G9;I=BH99GH5F=5
*CA\G89EI=BCHF5H5B8C89IAG9FHF5BG79B89BH9
956GC@IHCCIF9@5H=JC[G7C=G5GBH9B89FEI9B5G
7C=G5G 9L=GH9 IA5 F9@5_^C <=9F\FEI=75 b G=AD@9G C
DFC6@9A5 9GH5F=5 9A DCGHI@5F 5 D5FH=F 89GH5 7CB
GH5H5_^CIA;F5IGIDF9AC89G9FCEI9=AD@=75F=5
D5GG5F8CA\L=ACF9@5H=JCCA5L=A5A9BH97\@=8C
5C A\L=AC 56GC@IHC 9IG 7C=G5 EI9 C F95@=GAC
AC89F58C89*CA\GB^CD9FA=H=F=5
GC@I_^CD5F59GH9DFC6@9A5BCGD5F979=BH9F
9GG5BH99A6CF5B^C89HC8CF9GC@J=8C7CBG=GH99A
D9BG5FEI9D5F5*CA\GCG9BGdJ9@B^CG=;B=s75GC
9IG7F=5B8CCIBJ9FGCG9;I=B8CCGDF=B7dD=CG;9C
AbHF=7CGCBH9<HHD KKK5F=?5<B9H A9BH95G7C=G5GA5H9F=5=G%G9BGdJ9@9GH\7CBGH=HId8C

100
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

89A5HbF=59:CFA5=BH9@=;dJ9@9B9GH9G9BH=8CbDCGGdJ9@56GHF5=F5D5FH=F
85G7C=G5GG9BGdJ9=GIA5DFCJ58CDIF5A9BH9=BH9@=;dJ9@
)9:CF7CFF9H59GH55sFA5_^CB585A5=G7C9F9BH97CAC9G:CF_CHC
13
A=GH58CEI96IG75F5D5FH=F85G7C=G5G6C5GBC6F9G969@5G8CIB=J9FGC
IA575IG5DF=A9=F5
EI=BH59k@H=A5DFCJ5G9D5IH5BC;CJ9FBC85G7C=G5G9L;I69FB5H=CB9
F9FIA=NCs@fGC:C

EI=BH5DFC79898C;CJ9FBC85G7C=G5Gn&C=GJ9ACGEI95@;IA5G
7CACCG7CFDCGB5HIF5=G75F9BH9G897CB<97=A9BHCCD9F5A9AJ=GH5
89IAsACEI9G97CB7@I=89CD9F5F9AG9ADF9CI:F9El9BH9A9BH9
8CA9GACAC8CD5F57CBG9;I=F9ACEI9bfH=AC8CB89F9GI@H5
EI97<9;5A5CsAG9AG9F9A8=F=;=8CGDCFIA9BH97CB<9798CF9
=BH9@=;9BH97CAC5G9H5D9@C5FEI9=FC"C;C<\IAG9F=BH9@=;9BH9
D9@C EI5@ HC85G 5G 7C=G5G B5HIF5=G G9 CF89B5A 5C sA 9 5 EI9
7<5A5ACG9IG

W=ADCFH5BH9F9GG5@H5FEI99GH5DFCJ57CBHF5F=5A9BH95G89A5=GB^C
H9A IA5 F9:9FcB7=5 <=GHfF=7Cs@CGfs75 DF97=G5 DCGHC EI9 9F5 7CAIA
H5BHCBCGH9LHCG6d6@=7CG7CAC9AAI=HCGD9BG58CF9G7F=GH^CGF9:9FcB7=5G
5IA9IG7F=58CF9CF89B58CF89HC8CCIB=J9FGCA@=B<5G;9F5=G9GH9
5F;IA9BHCH9A7CACDCBHC65G=@5F5B979GG=858989IA5=BH9@=;cB7=5CF
89B58CF5EI9;5F5BH55CF89A85G7C=G5G<5FACB=5DF9G9BH9B5B5HIF9N5
bD5F5*CA\G5DFCJ589IA575IG5sB5@EI9>IGH=s75B^C5D9B5G5F5N^C
89IA5CF89AB5B5HIF9N5A5G5F5N^CD9@5EI5@5B5HIF9N59L=GH9

&CFH5569FH5CBH9<HHD 6D 6@C;;9F7CA

101
 !,*$4

!D

CACDC89ACG7CBGH5H5F75FC5@IBC5s@CGCs589*CA\G89EI=BC
H9A7CAC65G9:IB85A9BH5@5GI57CADF99BG^C85C6F589F=GHfH9@9G
#CJ=8CD9@C9GDdF=HC89qG=GH9A5H=N5_^CrEI975F57H9F=N5CD9BG5A9BHC
8C 9GH5;=F=H5 *CA\G 7CBG9;I=I :CFAI@5F IA5 F9t9L^C GC6F9 C 8=J=BC 5
D5FH=F89IAAbHC8Cq89ACBGHF5H=JCF57=CB5@r=GHCbG9A5D9@C5:bW
69AJ9F8589EI9B^CDC89ACG5sFA5F5HCH5@s89@=85898CD9BG5A9BHC
89*CA\GD5F57CA5s@CGCs55F=GHCHb@=75*CA\G89EI=BC7CAC7F=G
H^CG95DC89FCI8CG=GH9A5s@CGfs7C5F=GHCHb@=7C65G95B8CG9B5F9@5_^C
75IG59:9=HCD5F5>IGH=s75F5@;C=ADCGGdJ9@9AF=GHfH9@9G55_^C89IA
9IGEI9bDF=B7dD=C9sA89HC857F=5_^C

!

75F57H9FdGH=75A5=CF8CD9BG5A9BHC89*CA\G89EI=BCF9G=89BC
G9I 5GD97HC qF57=CB5@=GH5r G J9F8589G F9J9@585G B^C G^C D5F5 *CA\G
=B7CAD5HdJ9=G7CA5F9t9L^CF57=CB5@$9GH9G9BH=8CBCGGCs@fGC:C:CF
AI@CI;F5_5G5CD9BG5A9BHC5F=GHCHb@=7C5G7=B7CDFCJ5GF57=CB5=GD5F55
9L=GHcB7=5899IG(9GIA=85A9BH98=Fd5ACGEI9G9D5F575859:9=HC9L=GH9
IA575IG5EI9CDF979899IGb75IG589HC85;9F5_^C9sA89HC8CG9F

" 
D5FH=F85@9=HIF58CH9LHC9LDCB<55GJ=5GD5F5589ACBGHF5_^C85
9L=GHcB7=5899IGG9;IB8C*CA\G89EI=BC

 B  " 

&5F5F9GDCB89F69A9GH5EI9GH^Cb=ADCFH5BH989ACBGHF5F5=BtIcB7=5
8CD9BG5A9BHC89F=GHfH9@9GB5C6F589*CA\G89EI=BC$9GH975GC
C6G9FJ99AEI9A98=855H9CF=585G75IG5G89F=GHfH9@9GG95DFCL=A5
85BC_^C899IG7CACDF=B7dD=C9sA

L$  !

$5 5I@5 5 G9;I=F  G9F\ 5DF9G9BH58C C GIF;=A9BHC 8C D9BG5A9BHC


7=9BHds7CAC89FBC5D5FH=F857FdH=75895@=@9I5CF57=CB5@=GAC8C;A\H=7C

102
O diálogo entre razão e fé em Tomás de Aquino
Aula

I 

"%$)%&# *414,.&)* ;*774*83974):((.X3fF8C65 


13
'+$% * 7.3(V5.48 )& 7*&1.)&)* 3&9:7&1 *F58 9BF=EI9 &=BHC
(9A5&CFHC@9A9BHCG)I8C9GH9


%(#$* &394 42O8)* 6:.34*147)*3)*18*7BHC@C;=5
s@CGfs75#58F=8*97BCG


")%$ ^1484^&3&)&)*T).&*F588I5F8CF5B8^C)^C
&5I@C#5FH=BGCBH9G 
")%$@HCA=GAC 3974):((.X3&1&^1484^&)*&394 42O8
)* 6:.34HF589FB5B8C#k;=75#5FH=B9A5&5AD@CB5+$)

103

You might also like