Quantum Mechanics (II): Final 7:00PM - 9:30PM, June 14, 2013 “Total grades: 120 Useful information \ Ja lism) = AV FF GEM FT |j,m 1) Pea For Hydrogen Atoma, = ©, 5, Hee 2 ' Born radius = 09 = ey splu a (, . #8 ~Ag- a- (#3) : [lame fE Cla & a DCH? = Hed Problem 1 18% Explain the following terms briely vlearle (2) spontaneous emission (i!) partial wave analysis (it) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients (iv) dynamical and Berry phases Problem 2 Answer the following questions briely: (a) 5% Indicate (and explain) which of the following states that is(are) not entangled state(s): G)1 1D < 141) Gi) =| 18) +14) +11) E40 (a) [t17) — L4H). (b) 5% Let the minimum size thet one cen pin down a single electron spatially be !, What is the ratio of! to the Bobr radius? (©) 8% (i) What kind of particle is the Dirac equstion intended to describe? (ji) Write down the Dirse eqjstion for f particle of mass m and charge q in the presence of eletromagnetic potentials ¢ and A. What Is the non-relativistic Tinlt of the Dirsct equation in this ease? Problem 3 (a). 5% A system of two particles with spins 2) = 3/2 and ey = 1/2 is deseribed by the Hamiltonion Hf = J3, 5, vith J being a given constant. If we perform measurement on the total energy ofthe astm, find all posible values of energy we can get. (b) 10% At t = 0, the system is in the simutaneous eignestate of $?, $f, S12, and S:.1 [f,}.4.2)- By find all relevant Clebsch-Gordan coffcints, evaluating the probability of finding the system inthe state [f, 4. 1,—B) at > 0 Problem 4 (@) 6% The quadrupole moment of an electron is defined by Qag = B23 — Sag», where xq are the ath component of position operator sud r? components of a spherial (reducible) tenvor of rank 2, 792 (b) 8%6The Wigner Eckert theorem implies that one cane replace the position operator by the totel angular momentum, operator J of the electron. Write out Qag in terms of J by taking into consideration of non-commutability of J and finding ost the appropriate proportional constant in terns ofthe quentum namberofjof J nd the fllaing quantity Py tat. Express Qia, Qua, and (2? — y2) a Q = ela, j,m'= 5I(82* — Pla, jm = 3). (©) 5% Evaluate e(a.j, mlz? — Pfo.j,m = J), (where m’ = j, j~1, j—2, ..} n terms of @ and appropriate Clebsel-Gordan coefficients. (d) 9% Consider the eddition of angular momenta Ji and Jp. Let |j:jaim) be the eigenstate to the total angular raoment J? and Jz. Caleulate the matri elements (j;jnjmlJ liam) and (jjaiml Jal jai). Problem 5 ‘The Coulomb potential ~e2/r does not account for all interactions Leebween the electron end the proton, There are “hy2 so-celled fine-structure corrections to this basic interaction due to relativistie. One is the relativistic correction to the kinetic energy p/2m. The other is the spin-orbit interaction. Consider these two interactions as perturbations to H = p*/2m — e/r with m being mass of the electron (a) 8% Consider the leading relativistic correction to the kinetic energy (= AT), Use the Hellnann-Feynman ‘theorem to calculste the energy shifts to fist order in AT’ and show that they are O(a"), where avis the fine-structure constant. (b) 5% The spin-orbit interaction is given by Veg heaS-L CCaleulate the energy shifts to Brst order in V and show that they are also O(a") (€) 6% Consider 9 system described by the Hamiltonian 2 eB 22) om +oy0 Here A is @ positive constant. Find the ground state anergy to O(A) Problem 6 (a) 6% A particle is estically seattered off from e herd sphere. Let she eneray of the particle is A312 /2m and the radius of the sphere is. Pind the phase shift for the {= 0 partial wave and the scotering length Caleulate the total cross section in the limit of RR <1. {b) 12% Consider the mutual elastic scattering of two bosons with spin being zero. ‘The Hamiltonien for this system s 28 Bs Baven-v, where V(r) = Voer"*/*. In the lab frame, the scattering is set up in the way tht one fermion iy initially at rest, ‘while the other one is incident with a momentum fk (i) Use the Born approximation to calculate the differential cross section o(0, 6) in the center of mass frame. What is the differential cross section in the lab frame? (i) Following (i), if these particles are identical, find the differential cross seetion in the center of mass frame. Problem 7 10% A particle of mass m and charge ¢ moves in one dimension between two impenetrable walls of an infinite square-well potential: W(x) = 0,|s| < L and V(2) = co,[e| > L. Suppose that a time-dependent electric field of the form E(t) = HyQ(t)e~1” acts on the particle. Find the transition probability for the particle from the ground state to the first excited state to fint order in Bp for times ¢ 27. EECQuantum Mechanics (II): Final 7:00PM - 9:00PM, June 15, 2012 “Total grades: 120 ‘Useful information Jali) = hVGEMIGE MFI ly, eI) er For Hydrogen Atoms, = Ee Fa Borh radius = Problem 1 Answer the folowing questions beefy (a) 6% What is the minimum spatial size that one can localize an electron without ambiguity? What is the ratio of this minimum size to the Bobr radius? (b) 9% Write down the Dirac equetion (WV = 4) for particles in electromagnetic potentials (# and A), specifying all relevant matrices and their commutation relations (c) 12% Bxpiain the folowing terms briefly: (i) phase shift (ji) entangle states (i) scattering length (iv) Berry phase Problem 2(a) 10% Find the following Clebsch-Gordan coefficients: (22:1 1]2,1), (} $5} -$l1.a), 4:3 -H1 1,0), (1 =1,10]2, =1), (1,053 2,1) (b) 15% Consider & system of two particles with spins s1 = 3/2 and és = 1/2. Find possible eigenvalues to the operator (8) ~ 28)". Suppose novw that the system can be described by che approximated Hamiltonian H = a8}. constant. At ¢ de 50. Bop with a being a given 6, the gem sn he simutnenseignesiate ofS, $4, Sy and a: 1844, 1). Ug a) and ing more Olebsch-Gordan coeficients,evahiats the probebility offing the system in te state |, 3 Problem 3 (a) 6% Express pepy, PaBe, end pi ~ pf as components of a spherical (lreducile) tensor of rank 2, Here $= (Pas ype) i the momentuin operator. (b) 7% The expectation value (a, j,m = 3(82" —7?)Ja, 5,0 = 9) s known asthe quadrupole moment, Brats aj l(a? — Mla, jam = i, {ovhore mw jj 1, j—% 0) im temns of Q end appropriate Clebsch-Gordan coefcens, ‘hs Pebety she Problem 4 109% Consider an hydrogen stom in a uniform external electric field 3. By taking + = 0 as the zero point for the elestrio potential and using the degenerate perturbation theory, find the frstonder corrections to the energy for n= 2. How many levels does n = 2 split? Find the new energy eigenstates for each level in this order. Problem 5 (a) 12%Consider an electron in a hydrogen atom in the state [n,t,m). Use the Hellmann-Peynman ‘theorem to find (1), (2) and (p*) in terms of n,l,, o9 (the Bobr radius) aud the mass me of the electron, (b) 8% Consider the cérrection only due to finite size of nucleus by assumlag that charge is uniformly distributed cover a sphere of radius R. Let Bohr radius be ap and we shall assume R a ao. Find the correction of the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom to leading order of R/ag, Problem 6 Consider the anutual elastic scattering of two spin-1/2 fermions. The Hamiltonian for this system is Bavin-m, where V(ry = x3) = constant = V <0 if fey — ral < a and V(ry ~r-) = Of [ey — tal > a. Ia the lab frame, the scattering is set up in the way that one fermion je initially at rest, while the other one is incident with a momentum file. Bot fermions are not polscized.a (a) 8% Use the Bor approximation to ealoulate the differential cross section o(0,6) in the cznter of mass frame. What isthe dilferential cross section in the lab frame? (b) 5% Following (2), if theee particles are identical Fermions and suppose that intially, both spins of the two particles are polatized along the 2 direction, find the diferential cross section in the center of mass frame, {(€) 7% Follow (8), in the center of mass frame, find the phase shift for l= 0 in the limit of 0. (‘The phase shift {5 defined for the relative coordinate r, —r2 with reduced mass). Suppose one inereases the magnitude of V, ie., V] from Q, from the above result, find the frst value of V that has a bound stat. Problem 7 Consider a two-level system described by the Hansiltonian 3 = Hy +V, where Ho = 52}1)(1|+ £2[2)(2| and ¥ = V (W121 + VCO) ia tmedependent pertrbaton, Het |) and [2} form on erthonormel bei (a) 7% Suppose that BY > BY and V(t) is given by Ye vo= —*, Tea were + is @ positive constant. Ifat t= ~oo, the system is in the state [2), find Ue probability that the system goes to the state |i) at f= co to the order of O(V2). (b) 8% Suppose that £208 and V(t) = evin 0 (eos ft ~ isin 864). At ¢ =O , the wavefunction of the system, [S(t = 0)), is the eigenstate of 1 with the eigenvalue being In the limit of T -¥ 00, find |¥(2)).Quantum Mechanics (11): Final Exam 07:00PM - 10:00PM, June 15, 2006 stTotal grades: 120. Questions starting with "what Is..." or "write down...” do not require you to give reasons. Useful information Jatin) = GRRE RET jo) For Hydrogen Atoms, = F-&, By = [aeot = [Ett [onto sa Tue = see Siglel Useful energy eigenstates for Rydrogen atom : ~ Henrfagey (lane, Bir in baw OE Ho : Here ap = 1? /me isthe Both radius. & 3 = | Problem 1 @f 10% Find thy following etch Goran conics eddie, GES - HD, GE Ghd Hho), a - 4 1012.1), (1,05 1112.1) (B) OF The qadeapele moran sf an deaton a ed ty Qag = Btaz9 ~ baa, ‘where 2q are the ath component of position operator and r? = 2? +1? +24. Using results of (a), express Quay Qray and (=? — y#) as components of s spherical (Ixeducible) tensor of rank 2, 7°), {c) 5%The Wigner Bekart theorem implies that one cane replace the position operator by the total engular momentum operstor J of the electron. Write out Qag,in terms of J by taking into consideration of non- commutabilty of J and finding out the appropriate proportional constant in terms of the quanium number of j of J and the following quantity 5 elegy = (82? — r*) le 5am = 9) : . Hon (TeE (agesy = Gals Gh 9% Brauste olen j.m'l(a? = vPled.m = 3), (where m! = j, j=, 5-2, on) in terms of Q end appropriate Clebsch-Gorden coefficients Problem 2 10%6When an atom is placed in a uniform external electric field, the energy levels are shifted, «. phenomenon lmown as the Stark effect. Consider aa hydrogen atom in e uniform external electric Geld Bi so. that the perturb potential is V = eBz. Using the degenerate perturbation theory, determine the first-order corrections to the energy for n= 2. How many levels does n = 2 split? Find the new energy eigenstates for ‘each level in this order. Problem 3 {]12% Consider an electroa in a hydrogen stom in the state [n,i,rn). Use the Hellmann- Feynman theorem to fad (+), (4) and (p?) in terms of nm, 1,m, a (the Bohr radiius) and she mass mj of the election. () 8% The Coulomb potential —e2/r does not ‘account for all interactions between the electron and the proton, There are so-called fae-tructure correction to this basi itaretion. Using the recut from (a, if the leading rlasivistie correction tothe kinetic enargy is denoted as AT, clculete the energy shits to rst order in AT" and show that they are O(a"), where a is the fine-structure constant e2/Re. eo oma(petgey me Cr scey- Be th(©) 20% Let A be an operstor thet depends ona real parameter A. Ifthe Hamiltonian if ofthe system also depends on J aad furthermore, (B.A) = 0, Express (AGH) im trms of (A) and $B, where all averages ace done with respect to the eigenstate of fl with eigenvalue E. Using this raul, forthe hydrogen stom, if we denote the kinetic energy by and the poteatial ensray by V. find (V4) ~ (74). Problem 4 (a) 8% Consider a particle of mass m in a one-dimensional infinite potential well. The width of the well is © when ¢ < 0 and is expended to 6 (> a) feom t= 0 tot =T. Let us essume thet before the expansion the peice is inthe ground state. Calculate the probability of nding the particle in the new ‘ground state etter = T for to cases: (|) T—» co and (1) T — 0. (b) 7% Consider a spin 1/2 pattile with the magnetic dipole moment js = gusS, where g is the g-fator, py = e/2m is the Bohr magneton, and S is its spin operator. If we only coasider the spin degree of freadom, at ¢ = 0, the partile [sin the wate} (i) with the quantization axis defined asthe poltve 2 nection. ‘The patil i placed in a uniform time-dependent magnet feld B =V3b/2 cost? + V9 finudh)-op, Ta the wavefunction of the particle at ¢ = 2r/u (ia terms of w, g, Byfand ps). — ton 19 +0, find the Problem 5 Two particles of the some mass m ere interacting vie the following potentiat 20, “oe ‘where ris thelr relative distance, (a) 12% Suppose thet these two particles are non-identical. In the lab Frame, one particle (the projectile) is incident on another particle (the target, at rest) with momentum. Jn the enter of mass frame, using the Born approximation, show that the differential cross o(8, 6) can be, vaitten in the form, “sie By op Fee (0.4) = coten(iooss). PO le hand Vp) = Voexp(—r?/20"), FEE Find oo and \ in terms of p,m, a, and Vo, In the low energy limit, Ond the scattering length end phase shifts 6; for 1= 0 and 1 to lowest order in p (b) 6% Find the differential cross section or (@z,¢z) in the lab frame in terms of op and A. (c) 6% If these particles are identical Fermions and suppose thet initially, owo particles are unpolarized, find the o(@,¢) in terms of op and A. " Problem 6 Consider the electron (mass = m , charge = ) in the hydrogen atom. If now the electron fs perturbed by s classical BM feld described by A= Agcos(k-r—ut), (2) 8% ite down the perturbation term in the Hamiltonian that i near in Ap (8) 5% Bepress the cele in (en form of trarling waves. According to he Feral Golden ru, sie down the tassition rate between stats |i) andj), where the unperturbed energies for fn) and [m) are By ted Bm SE [nl £ (Ex Ea) (c) 10% Using the above results, consider shining the hydrogen atom by the classical EM wave. The cross section of absorption forthe EM wave is dened as Brgy sbeorbed per uot Energy Bux ofthe indent EM wave, Assuming that initially the aom is inthe nth energy eigenstate, by uting the dipole pprexiation, show thet che absorption cross section is proportional to ~7 = 5.,(En — Bx)|(nli{k)|®. Evaluate + in terms of m and A. . &3 4a) 5 ta) or : Quantum Mechanics (II): Final Bxam S:00AM - 12:00PM, June 17, 2005 “""Total grades: 120, Questions starting with *what i you to give reasons. Useful information or Mwrite down..." do not require Je im} = AVG Sams Lm = 1) For tiydrogen Atoms, # = rat Asymptotic Bebavior for the Spherical Bessel function: ja(=) Harmonic osillazor: p = at =e) _ sinfs~ 54/2) We GL.g Problem 2 10% Find the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of 191626160 that are associaced wich the following seetes: |j = 2.m = 0), j=2,m=1), j= lyme I), and fj = Om =O), Problem 2 (a) 67Esimate she length for elecsrons (mass= m charge = e) below which the single-particle theory can ast be applied. What is the value of the rasio of this length to the Bobr radius? (b) 6% What 's she space-time symmeiry thas the Schrédinger equation obeys? Dureribe the symmetry (including how ‘stor and scaler potentials change). (c)4% What lind of peivieles does the Dirac equation describe? 4 Exd Problem 8 107%Coasider a ayster whose angular momentum consists of two pasts Jy and Jy and whose ‘magnetic moment is «= Jy +1Jz. in a sate [jm, jaja), Bnd Gia), (ay). and ( WS BZ Problem 4 (a) 5% Consider en eleccon tn a hydrogen atom in the sate |autym}. Find (sb). (0) 53 ¢]7% Suppose tha there is 2 spnorbicineeraction for she electron V = gefiL, Culeunve tr ‘histo Stet onde in uv L-Problem 5 Consider « one-dimensional char harmonic oscillator (let che coordinate be = charge = q tress = m, frequency of the exlletor = w ) in the ground staze 0). (a) 22% A uniform elecirie Bld ‘Fong = ditevion ie wueny spled ac «=, Find the pobsity meinen at ae ae sscilator at €> 0. (b) 10% If the follewing electric Fld is applied berveen t = —o0 Z fav 9, eet 20) = a ku? SHG Find Probability that the oscillator goes to the nth sxclzed state at t = oc to the order of O(Z/1). WO EeI Problem 6 59% Consider an electron in je-dependens magnesic fd Bete 5) «cons Bsind (cos ES + sin eg) + cosa Let us consider only the spin degree of freedom. Suppose thas at ¢ = 0 she spin state jU(t = 0)) of the sleetron is spin-up along the B direction. In the limie of T— 2c. 8nd fu(t}). save 4 Problem 7 Consider the mutual elastic scattering of two particles represented by 1 and 2. The Hamilenian for thi system ieReg) renin Jonas Seater nthe Bor appronation 0% % Ib is ; 8 By & a aN ae S & w cn a eee & iret Pa ee 7 iS Bi 8a, 5 4 oo 3 + ett iret steer z Wr Ss / 1 i 2 ed ~o'e OT '? > v = or fe rene BF se S ne) : 7 Ue bah & als 8 gi ware V(eien) = -¥ (V > 0) (fe, — nal SBbed Voeisa) © O1f JAS] > 8 Inthe lab fam, the scaring is eat up inthe way SF-pecl enlaly a as while the pale is inedee eh a. ajg, ‘Momentum fk. ‘Neglect spine (a) 10%.tsing the Born approximeson, caleulave the difeessal cree ia sh secsion £9: (fp thategntar pf mass fame. Find the total cross section in the small & limis. (b)QT%5(1) fn the small & limit, ind the phase shift éi(A) end the scattering length for (= 0. in shis limit, by increasing rot z » . Y from zero, at what value of V does the first resonance scsttering occur? (2) If one wents to use a delta SS tunctiom potential (the so-slled penudo-potential) to simulte the total crocs section of this system in the PEE small & limit (also in the Born approximation), whet is the potential strength? (3) In the smell & limit, the yg? SIE Felton s ca * keot dy(k) = ee > ©_ Ri where unlike the scostaring length ao, ry is the order of range of interaction, Find ro tothe order of qn (Gite V(r aa) = progr Bnd the phase shifts 6(4) tn the center of mass frame. A particldted mass m is incident on a fixed cantar at the origin with momeatum fk, The event when the parcicl i scattered ino Aiky caa be considered os a transition between two sietes plane waves with smomenta Akg and Aky. In general, ky needs not to be the same as, Whon ky 7 hy the scatering Inelastic, Let thé crantion rate be js and the volume of the system be V. oo the said bor normalization to find the diferential cross section at (2,6) (which isthe direction of ley relative ie) in terms off, V, and Myc Verity that when the scattering potential is V(e) andthe sestering is tlestic, the above result reduces to the Bom epprenimation in a4 (1/20:05) oe = Awe. Pecos netQuantum Mechanics (II): Final Exam 7:00PM-10:00PM, June 13, 2002 “Total grades: 120 i @ Useful information 2 3 tA) (b) (ed cd) Jslim) sal Gem) em Amely 4 For Hydrogen Atoms, H = E 7 S (a) ob) : Tb) Borh radius = ay = ipieiii Rydber; Hameniecscitaton p= sf 7A (at 0), 2 = (Eat 0) HW4. ET Froblem 1 (a) 8%Wiite zy, zz, end (z* ~ y?) as components of a spherical (irreducible) fuser of rank 2. Hint: Components of a spherical vector for z= (2,y, 2) are 25! and © (b) 9% The expectation value = ea, j,m = jI(32 ~ 7*)e,3,m = 7) is known as the quadrupole moment, Evaluate 2c. j,m'I(z? — yey, j,m = 7), (where m! = 7, 5-1, -) in terms of Q and appropriate Clebsch-Cordan coefficients Hye &] roblem 2 10% In this problem, we tem. Consider an eleciron in a time-de @ verify the adiabatic theorem in the spin 1/2 sys. pendent megnetic field B= B(sindcosuté +sinOsinwtg + coséz). {et us consider only the spin degree of freedom. Suppose that at ¢ = 0 the spin state WWlé= 0)) of the electron is spin-up along the B directicn. Find the exact solution bd(t)) to the time-dependent Schrédinger equation and show that |(—,tW(2))|? + 0 as? 2, + Where 7 = 2rr/ko and [,t) are instantaneous spin up/down states at time 2 OS Ge Bisa Slconsicer the mutual elastic scattering of two identical spin 1/2 fermions, The gzoilionian for this sysiem is 8? gt fa fi. =p +2 ive, — 2), as +e (ri ~ 72), where V(r, ~ x2) = constant =V lab frame, the scattering is set up other one is incident with a inomei (a) 10% If V is negative, section o(9, 4) in the center frdme? ‘ (b) 5% Follow ¢s), i emo] a. In the in the way that one fermion is initially at rest, while the tum Ak. Both fermions are not polarized. use the Born approximation to calculate the differential cross of mass frame. What is the differential cross section in the lab if these particles are identical Fermions and suppose that initially, two 11 _yperticles are wapolezized, Gad the difterensial cross section in the center of mass fra { (8) 9% Follow (2), in the center of mass frame, find the phase shift to O(&) for (= 0 in the ‘mit of k + 0. (The phase shift is deSned for the relative coordinate r, ~r2 with reduced sats), Suppose one acres |V| (V0) fom 0, from the above cele, Sad'the Sst value that has a bound state. Gl 6% Repeat (c) but with positive V. From here, find the total cross in the limit V + co. PHM GES Foeconsider a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator (inx direction) inthe ground state |0) of the unperturbed Hamiltonian at ¢ = —oa. A perturbation eh: i (try be applied between ¢ = —co and t =co. Find the probability that the oscillator goes to the Ist excited state at t = co to the order of O(H"). At) = W Sie S (a) 5% Consider a Hermitian operator H(A) which depends on a reel pe er A. Let |¥(A)) be the normalized eigenket of H(A) with eigenvalue B(\). Show BO 2 (yy BO 220) 1A) ). (b) 8% Consider an electron ina hydrogen atom in the state |n,l,7m). Find (-+) and (p?) in terms of 1, l,m, do (the Bohr radius) and the mass m, of the electron. iG Pie 6 (a) 8% What kind of particles does the Dirac equation describe? {b) 1% Write down the Dirac equation (NV = 4) for particles in electromagnetic potentials (6 and A), specifying all relevant matrices and their commutation relations. eu 3 kur st = (ear etme) Me AO 7 Sete 7 system described by the antheaies la Hy + AV, where Hq = E¥|1)(2| + B312)(2| and V = V|2)(2| + V"|2)(I| fs @ perturbation with A describ- ing the strength ‘i, perturbation. Here |) and [2) form an orthonormal basis. (a) 8% Assuming that £? > £2, use the non-degenerate perturbation theory to find the eigenvalues of Hf to the 2nd order of A (>) 7% Show that this system is equivalerit to a spii'in a magnetic field, Find the magnitude of the magnetic feld,.and from here find the exect energy eigenvelues, tng = Ty (MO) Bierien 8 Consider the electron (mass = m , charge = e) in the hydrogen atom. If Iw the electron is perturbed by 2 clessical EM field described by A= Agcos(k-r— at), Page 2 Shankar (a)’3% Write down the perturbation term in the Hamiltonian thet is linear in Ay. (b) 7% Express the result in (a) in form of traveling waves. According to the Fermi Golden rule, write down the transition rate Ru between states [n) end |m), where the unperturbed energies for |n) and fm) are E, and E,.” Using the dipole approximation, show that to evaluate the quantity Dm eSB-y, it is suffice to calculate Dn(En ~ Em)I(nlz{m)|?, (c) 10% Show that D,(En~Bm)|Qnleim)|? = A2/2m, HWS Bes" Pane % ln. camera] wl OH : eee Cul pithy Fy CR eA?f Quantum Mechanics (II): Final Exam 6:30PM-9:30PM, June 20, 2001 *#Total grades: 120 Useful information 4 Asim) = IGF mG Em 1) Yim 1) ee For Hydrogen Atoms, = 2, = amet (a (b) Both radius = ag Rydberg = Ry = oe * "(ai eb) Le) Harmonic oscillacor: p = 1/202 (gia), za [OE {ere [Laewitee JE pin Dac in : Problem I (a) 6% Write out the Compton wavelength for the electron and briefly explain its Paging telated tothe celatvistic Quantum Mechanics. Whats the value of the havin the Bohr radius? ) 4 What kind of particles was the Dirac equation intended to describe? ES “Hive Ge 7 Problem 310% Coster a chatged one-dimensional harragaie osillator in the erpund srate 10) egaase, US oscillating direction is along the-x direction, The charge, mass, and the rateat frequency of the oscillacorare 2. m, and.» Now!if we wm ona, uniform,slectric fie #8 dicection inthe followingway 2 Apeesstt aia U6 1): Eheey 5 20 pF where xis a positive number, Find the probability that the oscillator goestothe first exciced state att = Sto the onder of Oe). 7 Slee)= 6 Cbs Fé. particles of the same mass mace interacting via.the following potential ah .fe9? V0 =iYoexet-r'taiy) "ga dS, a eee thetesris their relative distance. (a) 109% Suppose. that these two particles are Fancidentica\. In sheUab Frathe, Gis bagi, (the projectile) is incideaten another particle Ghetarees ares) with may pln the SHC of mass.feame, usa. the Rom aporoximatign, shaseihat te differential’ cross Gla canbe sia he ferdys on Ef, & FE, 8) = ea explicos4). ind Gpand din cee MSE anckV)and express thd anal zessYection in terms of Bande 8 5% Find the differential eross sec 2. 2@ikee, 62) in the lab frame in terms of a9 and 8% IFthese paniticea onsen SHTRONSIAC Supnose that initially, cwo.paptcles ace polarized, find thefx(@. 6)) Pee nF He ep queef Problem 4 12% Find the following Clebsch-Gordan coefficients: (. GHEH20. Edd HE, eid tito +vA HLS G2 3 Eroblem 5 (a)13% Consider an electron in a hydrogen atom in the state Indu). Use the symmanniheoseat 0 find (4 ),(-L) and (g#) in terms of mclam a.{che Bohr radius) and the mass mie of The aces eae (b) $% The Coulomib pote: ial =e2/r_does notagcount for all interactions hetwean che eleccrin led fine-strucsure-corrections to this basic interaction, Lisine 2 ult from (a), ifthe Wemlbag relativistic correc gn tothe Kinet ener sdenoced fan éalcula nergy shifts to first order inALand show that they are eS) where cisthe age-seractre consent ne. ineemnerd ieee He, &icheth". * _ Footem § 15% Consider an electron in a time-dependent magnetic field Biz Blsin Acns ort + sin9sinwry + cos@z). Lets consider onlv the sbindegsse.of freedom. japan tac ade Theo stare y(t 19 Bo crea et ee eer i Ge SL a i no ta pean aR ei enstey Eisclasccallyscavared oft from. hard sohere with s sbhpadgy ods wee ST LS ets tena Losiionsgey mes) TEE pe mniaciton in spd G% The followings ace two curves for the ph¥Se Taj of angul : emnentur Chersus eneray t the incident particle obtained inzwo elastic scattering experiments. Skeich the corresponding (otal cross section(oversu$ energy. - ec ze) (crete. | ZH pa stks, aE) XE): or = E Qhsiem isd sie squlesel be fthe Dirac os Es + tig Raat enpcuetaletthe Dirac picticle (m3 is m and charge is a uniform magnedefield BEBpE . d ‘g . izQuantum Mechanics (II): Final Exam #S0P-9:30M, June 15,1998 Questions startin, do aot require you to give reasons. Useful information “Total grades: 121 g with "what is." or "writa down,» felim) =A¥G Sm)\G m= Hime For Hydrogen Atoms, : = Wop briefly the Wigner-Echars theorem, ga a spatial si : compered to the hydrogen atom? M bydrogen atom in the ground state is put to dy toward Positive y direction with gyrelaive to the ground, What would be its wavefunction lative en the ground? tite dow the Ditacecuation (specify all tie matrices) and indionts whet bind of it is intended to dese Eee ee 2 (a) 8% Find the following yal LL). 20, DA T7Wousider spin states of too spin 1/2 Clebsch-Gordaa coeficients: (2 Particles whose spins are described by the spin a Sis 4 a Show ‘thet’ oy Piz ~1, where’ By isthe” exchange operator that ‘eeenues spin states of patsiciée | and 5 PrObISENG Consider an electron in 2 hydrogen atom ia the state |r, l,m). (@) 12% Show chet aan(8) 67To the fas onder cerm, calculace the SSECEY SIN chat is due so che leading cela, Aivisci® eqrrection of tke Kinetic energy. we) LOF a the usual seudy of FE 2. (E aow we assume thas Ske bydrogen ator, one assumes that the oroton is a poine the protca is 2 uniformly densa chacge distloutioa of radius ] | * & calculate the Srsc-ocder shift ia che sound state energy of che hydrogen atom, Z is # Problem 4 (a) 10% A pact is elastically sca © energy of the pacticle is AY/2m and the tadius of the phase shift for the | = 0 parcial wave aed the scattering length, # seccion in the limit of k2 < 1, () S%Suppose thac the sphere is aot chat fy U(r) = = 'teer ¢ Rand V(r) og ee steced of ftom 2 hard sphere, assun Let us sphere is R. Find the - Calcalaze the total cross ard end cen be thought es 2 pocencial weil with Oforr > R. Whet would be the total cross section? Problets 5 15% Usiag the Som approximation, find the scattering parc of the wave, function .<(s) in the large distance limit (i.e, > — 62) and calculete the total cross i i0R.of the wavenumber k of the incident paccicles for e Gaussian poteatial 7 Problem 6 Consider a chargedonedimeasio and natural Eequeacy w) electcic Feld is applied at nal hecnonic oscillator (with mass m, charge g is the ground State |0) at ¢= ~co. Suppose aow tliat 2 uniform ¢ = ~co in the following way E HO ie C2 ind the probability thet the oscillator is in the state In) (m0) at tS 00 tothe : se. : (>) 1297 Suppose thet the electric feld is saturated att = 0, Le, Blt). = 2 eee > 0. TT %: to the order of Z, the wevefuntiQuantum Mechanics (II): Final Exam “07:00PM - 09:00PM, June 15, 1997 ‘des: 120, Questions starting with “what is..." oc “write down..." do not require ‘Total you to give reasons. Useful information Harmonic oscillator: 2 aL Mo) HE Problem 1 8% What is the Compton wavelength? What is the physical meaning associated with it? Waae Ok Ole is the value of the its ratio to the Bohe cadius? Problem 2 5% What is the space-time symmetry thst the Scheédinger equation obeys? Describe & symmetry. Ptoplem 3 L fo, 0 1 0 6 do Hoo 0 roa oe F t 2 Fo 73 oo4 og -—Eoo 0 0 a) og fe Cr) 73 S 0 2a © o “6 o 9 Vifi o e128 0 fF o JE 0 vis 4 0 9 0 “o oo q 0 = 14 9 0 0 po 8 06 Upson these contents wie £5, and (z* ~y2) as components O€ a spherical (irreducible) tensor i 7, tint: Components of & spherical vector for ¢ = = Gaye) at = AG -Yajm =i) Bele. is known es the quadrupole moment. Evaluate ee, j,m'l(2? — le, jm =i), 1.) in terms of Q and appropriate Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. jer an electron in a hydrogen atom in the state |, l,m). Show that { ay [gorobten 4 12% Consi vee Fuyaee3 v Problem 510% Consid 8 pir ell is ¢ whan ¢ <0 and is expanded «0b (> @) ‘pension the particle is in che ground state, Calculate che und scace aicer t = T for ewo cases: (i) T— co and (ii) a 3 onewdimensionst i Us The wide Lee us aisume thas defo, inding che pacticle in r a : d the one dimensional Lig ann-Sehwving: equation. From this equation, show that in che Born approximation, the celiection (R) and tran: siom cosficients-(7) ara given by -(#) Ives tum (from —s9 :9 ea) of the incident wave, roblem 7 15% Consider the mutual elastic seattering of cwo identical spin 1/2 fermions. The tlamiltonion Vo and e are positive constants, the lab reme, the scattering is set up in the way thac one fermion is taicially ac case, while the other one is incident with @ momentum Ak. Both fermions ace not polarized, Using the Born approximation, calculace the differential cross section in the center of mass frame, Find che total cross section in the lab frame, f= rks =>iccng, re OO wen F ha Problem S Consider a two-dinienstonal harmonic onillator described by the Hamiltonian a at 4 sae : oe BB ol. * 4 Rg dO me? (Py) LOE Suppose we parturb the system by the potential V =/nzy (4 > 0). aati (3) 87% Use the percurbation theory to ealeulace Tie perturbed sround state gnecgy to 2nd id, wherg Eo'end T opraximecion, the probability thet it willbe in () 13% This problema canbe solved exactly. Find the condition for the energy to be posi igenvalues end compere the ground state entrgy with your answer in (2). [A charged particle'of mass m and charge q is under the 2 (this parcicle is it is lso effected by 2 time-dependent homogensous i and ‘uence of the time-independent fone dimension). in addition to the above potential, ric Geld given by fos few, 3? # positive constants.’ If at ¢ = —oo, the particle is in its skound state, first excited stare at't = 00, eg Wy by ie ah: é i tae Cpt INT Pry i om yx :