RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Name: Sheila Mae Benedicto, Faith Dorothy M. Caralos, Chelsea Denise Suaner
Research Problem: Hemorrhage
Research Title: Hemostatic Effect of (Catharanthusroseus) Periwinkle Plant Crude
Extract, in vitro

Research Adviser: Suzette Bermejo

Category: Life Science

Part I.

Area/Guide Answer (in paragraph)

1. My research Hemorrhage means bleeding of any amount. In the medical

problem is community the term is reserved for significant or severe
bleeding, which may be life-threatening (Whitlock, 2014). The
most obvious cause of hemorrhage is trauma or injury to a
blood vessel. Hemorrhage can also be caused by aneurysms
or weak spots in the artery wall that are often present at birth
(Human Diseases and Conditions, 2015).

2. Conditions which Twelve percent of the global disease burden is the result of
give use to my violence or accidental injury. Hemorrhage is responsible for 30
research questions as to 40% of trauma mortality, and of these deaths, 33 to 56%
present evidences occur during the pre-hospital period. Among those who reach
from service statistics care, early mortality is caused by continued hemorrhage,
of related literature, coagulopathy, and incomplete resuscitation. The techniques of
that will confirm the early care, including blood transfusion, may underlie late
existence, mortality and long-term morbidity.(Kauvar, Lefering, Wade,
seriousness and 2006), and the main reason in the causes of death in 48 h after
distribution of the trauma, which accounts for 80% in all trauma accident (Wang,
problem. Sui, Yu, 2011).

3. The ideal situation Plants have played a significant role in maintaining human
would have been: health and improving the quality of human life for thousands of
(Standard, rule, years, and have served humans well as valuable components
expected, mandated, of seasonings, beverages, cosmetics, dyes, and medicines
recommended) (Craig, 1999). Catharanthusroseus (L.) which is an important
medicinal plant of the family Apocynaceae is used to treat
many of the fatal diseases (Rajeswari, 2013).
Catharanthusroseus has been used in folk medicine as an
antidiabetic, diuretic, antidysenteric, antihemorrhagic and for
wound healing (Katkar, 2015).
 4. The possible One of the treatments for hemorrhage is the synthetic platelets.
reasons of Erin Lavik, ScD, Elmer Lincoln Lindseth Associate Professor in
discrepancy Biomedical Engineering, has developed an artificial platelet
between the # 2 with a degradable polyester core that helps natural blood
and 3 questions. platelets clot faster. Not only do the artificial platelets hold the
promise of faster clotting, but they also last longer than natural
platelets from donors, which have a short shelf life (Theiss,
2013). As described in the journal ACS Nano, when the
synthetic platelets were put to the test in injured mice, they
were found to be capable of successfully and rapidly inducing
blood clots in the animals.However,the researchers still need to
do some tweaking before they can come close to human trials
since the designer platelets seemed to induce the formation
of tiny blood clots in the animal's lungs (Alford, 2014).

5. The following Based on the results and on researches we determine our null
intervention have hypothesis, for our study is that the induction of
been done to solve Catharanthusroseus plant crude extract has no effect on the
the problem and the clotting time of normal human plasma established in vitro. The
outcomes were: ( if alternative hypothesis of this study is that there is an effect in
none , say no) the induction of Catharanthusroseus plant crude extract on the
clotting time of normal human plasma established in vitro.

6.The following This study focuses on the potential Hemostatic Effect of

questions about the (Catharanthusroseus) Periwinkle Plant Crude Extract, in vitro.
problem, however still 1.If the (Catharanthusroseus) Periwinkle Plant Crude Extract
remain unanswered: has a potential hemostatic properties?
(prepare a summary 2. If the (Catharanthusroseus) Periwinkle Plant Crude Extract
of findings of at least 3 has the ability to fasten up the clotting capability of the blood?
recent related studies) 3. If theCatharanthusroseus plant crude extracthave a side
effects in the normal condition of the human body?

7. The following There are still no performed experiments about the hemostatic effect of
facts/finding have (Catharanthusroseus) periwinkle plant crude extract, in vitro. Yet, related
studies show that (Catharanthusroseus) periwinkle plant has been used in
been reported in folk medicine as an antidiabetic, diuretic, antidysenteric, antihemorrhagic
related studies about and for wound healing (Katkar, 2015). Having an antihemorrhagic property,
the problem, ( prepare the researchers aim to conduct an experiment to prove that the periwinkle
a summary of findings plant has a clotting capability of the blood.
at least 3 recent
related studies) * NOT SURE
Part II.Statement of the Problem. Can be answered using statistics.

Statement of the Problem

This study is conducted to examine the hemostatic effects of

(Catharanthusroseus) Periwinkle plant crude extract, in vitro.The experiment is
conducted with the human blood that is treated with different amount ofplant crude
extract. This study aims to determine if there is a significance that the
Catharanthusroseus has an effect on the clotting time of normal human plasma. And
which amount of pure Catharanthusroseus crude extract will have a great effect on the
clotting time of normal human plasma. The success of the study will be able to help the
people who suffers from an unusual blood clotting time with the use of organic and
affordable way to treat the said condition.

1. What is the average time that the blood will clot in terms of :

1.1 the human blood that is not treated with the Catharanthusroseusplant crude
extract;

1.2 the human blood that is treated with 50%Catharanthusroseus plant crude
extract;
1.3the human blood that is treated with 75% Catharanthusroseus plant crude
extract;
1.4 the human blood that is treated with 100%Catharanthusroseus plant crude
extract?

2. What is the significance of Catharanthusroseus plant crude extractin the the blood
clotting time?
3.Is there a significance that the Catharanthusroseus plant crude extract can be used as
an alternative remedy and a substitute to the synthetic medicine on hemorrhage?
4.Is there a significance that it has the capability on hastening the blood clotting time?
Part III. The Conceptual Framework/Research Paradigm

Conceptual Framework

Amount of
Catharanthusroseus(Periwinkle)
Time in which the blood will
crude extract:
clot
Control
T1- 50% Crude Extract
T2- 75% Crude Extract
T3- 100% Crude Extract

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Figure 1.The research paradigm of the study.

Part IV. References

Wang, B., Sui, J., Zui, L. (2011). Screening the Hemostatic Active Fraction of Artemisia
annuaL.In vitro. Iranian Research Journal Pharmaceutical Research, 10(1), 57-62.
Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3869591/

Kauvar, D. S., Lefering, R., Wade, C. E. (2006, June). Impact of hemorrhage in trauma
outcome: an overview of epidemiology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic
considerations. J trauma, 60, S3-11. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763478/

Whitlock, J. ( 2014, December 4). Hemorrhage ( Haemorrhage) Definition. Retrieved

form http:// surgery.about.com/od/glossaryofsurgicalterms/g/HemorrhageHaemorrhage

Human Diseases and Conditions. (2015). What Causes Hemorrhage? Retrieved from
http://www.humanillnesses.com/original/Gas-Hep/Hemorrhage.html

Craig, W. J. (1999). Health-promoting properties of common herbs .The American

Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Am J ClinNutr ,70, 491S–9S. Retrieved from
http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/70/3/491s.full.pdf+html

Rajeswari, D. (2013, April 4). Pharmacological Activities of Catharanthusroseus: A

Perspective Review. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4(2), 431-439.
Retrieved from
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.302.1823&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Katkar, P. (2015). In Vitro Callus Induction and Shoot Regeneration in

Catharanthusroseus.(L.). Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/5752618/Research_paper

Theiss, E. (2013). DEVELOPING LIFE-SAVING ARTIFICIAL PLATELETS. Retrieved

from http://case.edu/think/fall2014/artificial-platelets.html#.VTLsodJViko

Alford, J. (2014, November 10). New Synthetic Platelets Capable Of Rapidly Stopping
Bleeding. Retrieved from
http://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-synthetic-platelets-capable-rapidly-
stopping-bleeding