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Quantum Numbers and Electron Configuration.: ST ND RD TH

This document discusses electron configuration and quantum numbers. It explains that the principal quantum number (n) defines the electron's energy level, the orbital quantum number (l) defines the shape of the electron's orbital, the magnetic quantum number (ml) describes the orientation of electrons in an orbital, and the spin quantum number (ms) describes the electron's spin direction. It also mentions the Pauli Exclusion Principle, which states that no more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital, and Hund's Rule, which states that orbitals must be filled singly before pairing electrons.

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Kelly Gabriel Singuay Occeño
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265 views2 pages

Quantum Numbers and Electron Configuration.: ST ND RD TH

This document discusses electron configuration and quantum numbers. It explains that the principal quantum number (n) defines the electron's energy level, the orbital quantum number (l) defines the shape of the electron's orbital, the magnetic quantum number (ml) describes the orientation of electrons in an orbital, and the spin quantum number (ms) describes the electron's spin direction. It also mentions the Pauli Exclusion Principle, which states that no more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital, and Hund's Rule, which states that orbitals must be filled singly before pairing electrons.

Uploaded by

Kelly Gabriel Singuay Occeño
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Quantum Numbers and Electron configuration.

 Principal Quantum number


-This number describes the energy level that the electron occupies.
-It can have a value of 1 – 7.
-Defines the level of an electron.

Energy level-states the principal quantum number (n).


If n=1, then the electron is found in the first energy level.
K=1st energy level
L=2nd energy level
M=3rd energy level
N=4th energy level
 Orbital Quantum number (l)
-This number describes the shape of the orbital that the electron is found in.
-It can have the value from 0 – 3.
-This defines the “sub level” of the electron.
0 = s (sharp) = spherical
1 = p (principal) = dumbbell-like
2 = d (diffuse) = X shape
3 = f (fundamental) = Complex
BIGGER l, HIGHER energy
 Magnetic Quantum number (ml)
-describes the orientation of the electrons in the orbital
-If l=0 then ml = 0
-if l=l then “= -1, 0, 1
-if l=2 then “= -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
-if l=3 then “=-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
 Spin Quantum number (ms)
-describes the direction of spin of the electron in the orbital
-can have a value of +1/2 (clockwise) -1/2 (counter clockwise)
 Pauli Exclusion Principle
-only two electrons max. Can occupy the same orbital
-X ↑↓ ↑↑
-O ↑↓ ↑↓
 Hunds Rule
-Orbital must be filled up first.
X ↑↓ ↑_ ↑↓
O ↑↓ ↑ ↑

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