CALCULATING TAILLOAD DECREASE Richard Krabbendam * describes how spreadsheets can be used to calculate tailload decreases. ua last December we | covered the selection of fall crane ancl the effet of tall decrease during t= | ing irom & horizontal to vertical position, (Seefigure |), Weanly clscussed ihe ellect o! ecteasing tllload, nat how this decrease can be calculated i eatin to theif angle Where & crawler erane is selected for a ill ing job, the erano usually tavale on a matted path atthe base ring ofthe column and is only required to keep the base ring ofthe ground, The decrease of taiload daring erection does bot, tn this ease, bring uch advantage: However, the situation is quite clfterewt ‘when a truck crane is used. By caleuating the taillaad in relation to the it! angle with the horizon, we can use the talloed decrease to specify a much smaller trock crane than jue based on the tail crane in postion Tin Figure 3. (For detals, see IC, December 199%, SsteView.) | tf ct aa Ea a beara Ave ial 100) 136 Distbrens we} 120 20 02 00. aon. 20 sai yet ayes ia a5 “se | sagen) 400 tar ean Br 382] Dr ase — Faz aa) | 4 [see [sr sea |]| aU os 8 wo mm Lilt angle dopree to hoszonsl TAILLOAD DECREASE ‘The following formula is uses to ealeulate talk load decrease: TeGa.cosa/(-sina + neasa +2.cosa) This is obtained by taking the macment about Polat A. See Figure 2, The rata lift erane load can be caleulted by; L-G-7 The letters use in these formulae are defined asfollows stance from main lit point A to centre of gravity 'b- Disa rom tal point Ct centre gt gravity > Oliset of tall polnt Cte centyeline ‘= Liftangleto horizon T= Taillosd G=Gross weight of column ain Hf point load ‘TOOLIN THE FIELD For a quick, onsite caleulaton of talload, a simple program in BASIC far the Casio FL-I85P cor Tandy PCS pocket computer can be used. Other model computers might require slight adjustments but the principie stays the same. 1s description Is as dctalled as possible Decauise field riguing people ave aot always Mat familar with computers ‘The progr listings wven below {LODPRINT “TAILLOAD CALCULATION" LSSET FE LLOINPUT“TOTAL WEIGHT’ G LISPRINT “TOTAL WEIGHT="G" 1" 86 IWreMHATIOWAL CRANES NOVEMBER 1592 120 .NPUT“DIST, LPTO.COG"A 125 PRINT "DIST. LPTO.COG-"A"" MP 1S INPUT“DIST, TP'70 COG" 5 PRINT "DIST. TP TO COG-"Bs" MW" TAQ INPUT “OFFSET TAILPOINTC 145 PRINT “OFFSET TAN POINT-CM" ISOINPUT START ANGLE 2 155 PRINT “START ANGLE- 160 INPUT "FIVAL ANGLE" 165 PRINT "FINAL ANGLE-"Y." 9 HTOINPUT STEW ITS PRINT STEPS" o? 19) T-(G*A°COSN)/(C*SINN-B’COSN+A°COSN) 195 PRINT "TAILLOAL 2001-67 205 PRINT "MIETLOAD@ "Li" 2M NEXT N Make sure you type all data inte the com puter in the correet BASIC format, as abuve Otherwise the computer vill report an error when pou ran the progran, The program is written for meteke units, 80 Input data is m motes or part thereof, but inches or pounds are typed in, te result Wil be in inches or pounls as well. You only have to remember to change the letter “MT tx al prin: lines to am inch sig and the letter “T" into “Los”, The data for “Oifset = C* shoul fave a positive value. Where a negative value is use! the tall polnt is supported below the cen-x it z = IBOONGLEARANCE CALCULATION |iNPUT DATA. [Dimension lofset Boom boitom to Grane center A=[1 6 = Neter Heiait of boom pivot at botiom G= = eter eter [Thickness of boom E= (Offset of Tapshezve C= [Radius of Load or obstacle O= 4 z 2 4 [Boom length L= 3 5 z e [Required iting neight He 9 Lifing Raclus R= 12 [Boom Clearance F=— BSS7 SS BTN SPIN BO) BV SINGIT PITS Netar Tsboonnge Hoan {ilgalssWacos GOR SOnTRrEEr SR) EdD) Capeae tte lth coin and at nese thing sown ng, cha Bi ed = cateoerase TyMeaduishol ip Geet Gece ke rede | [Samco circumstances, which are used in the formulae In Eat ase aera con emater) SHUARSHEErOPHON --SauEMNE DIRE ee et To uate ald ae Temas Nowadays smost crane hire eOntractors make use of computers for word processing or accounting. Popular spreadsheets nce Lotug23 and Excel 40. These spreadsheet pro- grams are very powerful and ean do alot more than the pocket computer, though are less con venient for field work, A spreadsheet can pre sent the calculations as shown n Figure & ‘The input deta a, b,€ and G for three difer. cent offset cases are entered in colurans C, D and E of rows 2.34 and 5 respeczively of the spreadsheet, See Figure 5, although columns D and Ere not showa. The input data can vary as much as you like, provided the values remain postive. The titing agies. a. are listed In columa A under rows 8 to 32 In steps of 5 egroes up to 70 degrees, and therecfter in steps ol2 degrees. The formulae for talload in. an EXCEL. 40 spreadsheet aze placed in columns C, D and & of rows § to 32 respectively. The Jormulae are tions even better, you can let the spreadsheet present the results in the form ofan XY graph. See Figure 4, where curve I represents an 02 metre offset, curve 2 a 5.0 metre of selandcurve3almetreoifset, | ‘When the spreaseet 1s- com: plete its advisable to protect the ‘document and local cells which are not subject to change Tha all cells except the ones under €2.¢5, D205, F2ES and A.A26, Now you can easily calculate the taiload at any lifting angle andilustratet graphically. E—p.--. BOOM CLEARANCE ‘The boom cleerance calculation discussed in the prevous atte €C, October, pA3) ean also be carried out by spreadsheet. The input data AG,L.E,C,D, Hy and R canbe ented ia calls BBE. See Figure 6, The formule to cakulte x i afom AwA=| Taloadin Terns TSS OSE eSeupany Csceay cose) — 010 SSIVCSTSINSE 19 (C8ec$77COSEBIN)] T1415 0 C#S"CS CONSE I/IGBFOIN(GOs1}-(C83*C32"COS SBI") 12) [=CBE*CsCOSBIaN CSHSN(EBTD-(C57+CS2°C03 8812) 33s SSCS COS SBTAYICSIPSNGH 9) *(CSECS7"COSEIS) 30 I=CSt°CS7C0S/SB14)(CSUSNGB 4)-(CSE+CS27COSGB'S)| neh a 375 (6534082909019) aes a0 |=cssrcss TSNSEITF( BT 70s Era So Ove NiDIarIeceerCaeoTa 95. OA CSSNGBIN(CS 2560. 5 rans. 22] FAIS 256 25] ar 22] PEPE /=Gerohet os gan/ S-SNsezOCeb*GarSosesz| 23] = Ses oe ee 30] {CSUPSNSEAD/(C854C82)'COSEERD)} En AST PUYIBD |=C30°C37"COSISESIICS4°SNSESI *(CS5°C32) COSGES1) 22 [PASAPI TOD [sGHSACS O05 SaR2V CSU BNISECAn (CS59C52)C0S6052)] 31 the booms clearance between load and boom as shows In the sketch on Figure 7 is entered it cell BL3 and the formula for tae boom angle is ‘entered in cell BI2. Again, i is advisabletolock those cells which arc not subject to change. An example of a boom clearance calculation is shownas in fig 7 FINAL CHECK. When the programs have heen typed In cor rectly they should run without dificlty. As a check ypein thesame data assed inthe osamn- Plenandlsheckyougetthesamercauts, *Itletard Krabbendam le Vice- Prvsident af Jumbo Shipping Company's Special Trmasport Divisiow. (tas a Masters Degree in Mechanical gineering frean the Uschnea! University of Delf and was project ‘manager with Van Seumeren Holland ‘until (989. Before that he wes manage ‘ng director of ree BV Holland. He Tuas been in the heayy It and trans nee 1973 pore a