1. In dialysis, what is present in the dialysate? How did you prove the presence of such compound?

2. What is the relation of the velocity of diffusion of molecules? How did you prove this?

The relation of the velocity of diffusion of molecules is inversely proportional to the size. The three
solutions showed how it is possible. CuSo4 is known to have smaller molecules than the Methyl
Orange and Prussian blue that’s why it dissolved the fastest.

3. Name at least 4 factors that affect the rate of diffusion and state their effect.

The four factors that affect the rate of the diffusion are the temperature, concentration gradient,
density of defining substance which is directly proportional to kinetic energy of particles, to the rate
of diffusion, and to the number of particles, respectively. The last factor, medium of diffusion
depends on the medium it takes place, but it is also known that if the larger the molecules the
slower the rate and vice versa. So technically it is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion.

4. What happened to the weights of the potatoes after they were soaked in the liquids?

The potato soaked in salt water was supposed to decrease in mass and the potato soaked in the
water must increase. But in our results both soaked potatoes increased in mass until just after
experiment we learned that the triple beam balance was not correctly placed. So our results have
come out wrong.

5. How would you explain the changes in their weights?

The potato soaked in salt water should decrease it mass because there is a lower concentration on
the surrounding which is the salt water than of the potato. It is known that osmosis is the passive
transport that lets particles move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. While the
potato soaked in distilled water increased in size because of the lower concentration of the potato.

6. What is osmosis?

Osmosis is a passive transport of water across a semipermeable membrane. It is a diffusion of free

water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration of free water
molecules across a partially permeable membrane until they are evenly spread out.