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iwtk izkjEHk 4 #nz;kekyksDrlEiqVlwDrikB 69 uok.kZfof/k 20
ia×pxO; 5 egky{E;"VdLrks= 70 lIrh'krhU;kl 21
’kkfUr ikB 5 _.keqfDrx.ks'kLrks= 70 izFke v/;k; 22
x.ks’k dk /;ku 6 _.kekspueaxyLrks= 71 f}rh; v/;k; 25
ladYi 6 x.Mewy u{k= 72 r`rh; v/;k; 27
x.ks'k iwtu 7 u`flag ihB&iwtk 73 prqFkZ v/;k; 29
dy’k iwtu 9 fl) eU= 74 iape v/;k; 31
iq.;kgokpu 11 fir`&riZ.k 75 "k"B v/;k; 34
"kksM’kekr`dk iwtu 14 c`gn xksnkufof/k 79 lIre v/;k; 35
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{ks=iky iwtu 15 #nzk"Vk/;k;]"kM©ksU;kl 1 uoe v/;k; 38
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loZnos foltZu 24 iapeks/;k;% 4 milagkj 45
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csykUrjlkfj.kh 7 fookg eqgrw Z 35
yksdyle; cukuk 8 vU; eqgrw Z 36
v;ukW'a k 8 vfXuokl 37
va{kka'k 8 pkS?S kfM;k eqgrw Z 37
pj[k.M 8 'kqHkk'kqHk ;ksx 38
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 8
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 dy”k iwtu 9
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rh{.kna"Vªk; Ìhefg rUuks ukjflag çpksn;kr~LokgkA 16 ¬ HkkLdjk; foùgs nhfIrdjk; Ìhefg
rUuksvkfnR; çpksn;kr~LokgkA 17 ¬ oS'okujk; foùgs Tokykyhyk; Ìhefg rUuksfXu% çpksn;kr~
LokgkA 18 ¬ ØkSa egkdkyk; foùgs egk#nzk; Ìhefg rUuks egkdky% çpksn;kr~ LokgkA 19 ¬
nf{k.k dkfydk;S foùgs âha 'e'kkuokflU;S Ìhefg rUuks ?kkSjk çpksn;kr~ LokgkA 20 ¬ dkR;kf;U;S
foùgs dU;kdqekjh Ìhefg rUuks nqxkZ çpksn;kr~ LokgkA 21 ¬ vkuUns'ojk; foùgs lqÌknSO;S p
Ìhefg rUuksÌukjh çpksn;kr~ LokgkA 22 ¬ galks galk; foùgs lkSga galk;S Ìefg rUuks gal
çpksn;kr~ LokgkA 23 ¬ ,sa Ðha Jha flagokfguh p foùgs iŒpoD=k;S Ìhefg rUuks egkfo|k
çpksn;kr~ LokgkAA 24 Xkk;=h&gkse%& ¬ rRlforqoZjs.;EHkxksZnsoL; Ìhefg fÌ;ks ;ks u%
çpksn;kr~&LokgkA ¬ ×;EcdW;a tkegs lqxfUÌEiqf"V o)Zue~A mOokZ#dfeo cUÌukUe`R;kse{Zq kh;
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iw.kZeknk; iw.kZeos k oflL;fr LokgkAA 'ka[k&ty%& 'ka[k
e/;fLFkrarks;a Hkzkfera ds'koks ifjA vaxyXua euq";k.kka czãgR;ka O;iksgfrAA iq"ikatfy%& ¬ ;Ksu
;Ke;tUr nsokLrkfu ÌekZf.k çFkekU;klu~A rs g ukda efgeku% lpUr ;= iwoZs lk/;k% lfUr
nsok%A ¬ jktkfÌjktk; izlá lkfgus ueks o;a oSJo.kk; dqegZ As l es dkeku~ dke dkek; eáa
dkesÜojks oSJo.kks nnkrqA dqcjs k; oSJo.kk; egkjktk; ue%A ¬ LofLr lkezkT;a HkkST;a LokjkT;a
oSjkT;a ikjes"B;a jkT;a egkjkT; ekfÌiR;e;a leUri;kZ;hL;kr~ lkoZHkkSe% lkokZ;"q kkUrknkijkÌkZr~
i`fFkO;S leqnz i;ZUrk;k ,djkfMfr rnI;s"k'yksdks·s fHkxhrks e#r% ifjos"Vkjks e#rL;kolu~ x`gAs ¬
 ikfFkZo iwtu 24
fo'or'p{kq#r fo'orkse[q kks fo'orksckgq#r fo'orLikr~A la ckgqH;ka Ìefr la ir=S|kZokHkwfe
tu;u~ nso ,d%AA ¬ rRiq#"kk; foùgs ukjk;.kk; Ìhefg rUuks fo".kq%çpksn;kr~AA dk;suokpk
eulsfUnz;oS kZ cq);kReuk okuqlr` LoHkkokr~A djksfr ;|r ldya ijLeSukjk;.kk;sfr leiZ;rs r~AA
loZnos kp vfXu foltZue~%& xPNRoa HkxoUuXus LoLFkkus dq.M e/;r%A gqr eknk; nSoHs ;% ’kh?kza
nsfg izlhnesAA ¬ xPN xPN lqjJs"B LoLFkkus ijes'ojA ;= czãkn;ks nsok r= xPN gqrk'kuAA
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xPN dfyaxRs oa] pUnzRoa ;equk rVsA voUrh xPN HkkseS Roa cq/kRoa ex/ks oztAA flU/kqn's ks tho xPN]
dos HkkstdVs oztA 'kus Roa xPN lkSjk"V~s jkgw jkBhuda oztAA voUrh xPN dsrksRoa Loa Loa LFkkua
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f'korjk;pAA ueks·Lrq uhyxzhok; lgòk{kk; eh<q"ksA vFkks ;s vL; LRokuks·ga rsH;ks·+ dja ue%A
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fxfj'kUr gLrs foHk";ZLrosA f'koka fxfj=k rka dq# ek fg¤lh% iq#"katxr~AA vf/koklu djuk%&
 25
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 egke`r;q×t; ti 26
p cqÌU;k; pAA Qy%& bek #nzk; rols difnZus {k;}hjk; izHkjkegs erh%A ;Fkk 'keln~ f}ins
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,"k rs #nz Hkkx% lg LoòkfEcd;k ra tq"kLo Lokgk ,"krs #nz Hkkx vk[kqLrs i'kq%AA vHk; eqnkz
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 27
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tik[;su Jh egke`R;qŒt;% çh;rk% feR;iZ;rs A~ A
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izkFkZuk djsa ¬ izrS q okth dfuØnUukunnzklHk% iRokA HkjUufXua iqjh";a ek ik|k;q"k% iqjkAA
ohjHknz&iwtu%& ¬ Hknza d.ksfZ Hk% J`.kq;ke nsok Hknza Ik';sek{kfHk;Zt=k%A fLFkjSjxa LS rq"Vqok ¤lLruwfHkO;Z'ksefg
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mr iz'kLr;%A dkfrZd;s &iwtu%& ¬ ;nØUn% izFkea tk;eku m|URleqnkz nqr ok iqjh"kkr~A ';suL;
i{kk gfj.kL; ckgw miLrqR;aefg tkra rs voZuA~ iwtkdj izkFkZuk djsAa ¬ ;=ck.kk% lEirfUr dqekjk
fof'k[kk boA rUu bUnzks c`gLifrjfnfr% 'keZ ;PNrq fo'okgk 'keZ ;PNrqAA dqcjs &iwtu%& ¬
dqfonax ;oeUrks ;oa fp|Fkk nkUR;uq iwoaZ fo;w; A bgsg"S kka d`.kqfg Hkkstukfu ;s c£g"kks ue mfDra
;tfUrA iwtkdj izkFkZuk& ¬ o; ¤lkse ozrs ro euLruw"kq fcHkzr%A iztkoUr% lpsefgAA
dh£req[k&iwtu%& ¬ vlos Lokgk olos Lokgk foHkqos Lokgk fooLors Lokgk x.kfJ;s Lokgk
x.kir;s Lokgk·fHkHkqos Lokgk·f/kir;s Lokgk 'kw"kk; Lokgk l ¤likZ; Lokgk pUnzk; Lokgk
T;ksfr"ks Lokgk efyEyqpk; Lokgk fnok ir;rs LokgkA izkFkZuk%& ¬ vkst'p es lg'p es vkRek
p es ruw'p es 'keZ pes oeZ pes·s xa kfu p es·LFkhfu p es i: ¤ f"k p es 'kjhjkf.k pe vk;q'p
es tjk'p es ;Ksu dYiUrke~AA
f'ko&iwtuAA /;ku%& /;k;sfUuR;aegs'ka jtrfxfjfuHka pk#pUnzkoral]a jRukdYiksTToyk©a ij'kqex` ojk
 :nzkfHk"ksd&iwtu 28
HkhfrgLra izlUue~A iùklhua leUrkr~ Lrqreejx.kSO;kZ?kzdf` ra olkua] fo'ok|a fo'ooU|a fuf[kyHk;gja
iŒpoD=a f=us=e~AA /;kukFksZ v{kr iq"i fcYoi=a leiZ;kfeAA vkokgu%& ¬ ueLrs #nz eU;o
mrksr b"kos ue%A ckgqH;keqr rs ue%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% vkokgukFksZ iq"ia
leiZ;kfeA vklu%& ¬ ;k rs #nz f'kok ruwj?kksjk·ikidkf'kuhA r;k uLrUok'kUre;k fxfj'kUrkfHk
pkd'khfgA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% vklukFksZ fcYoi=a leiZ;kfeA ik|a%& ¬
;kfe"kqa fxfj'kUr gLrs fcHk";ZLrosA f'koka fxfj= rka dq# ek fg ¤lh% iq#"ka txr~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %
Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% ikn;ks ik|a leiZ;kfeA v?;Z%a & ¬ f'kosu oplk Rok fxfj'kkPNk
onkeflA ;Fkk u% loZfeTtxn;{e ¤lqeuk vlr~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue%
gLr;ksj?;Zla eiZ;kfeA vkpeu%& ¬ v/;okspnfÌoDrk izFkeksnOS ;ks fHk"kd~A vgha'p lokZTa tEHk;URlokZ'p
;krqÌkU;ksÌjkph% ijklqoA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% vkpeuh;a tya leiZ;kfeA
Luku%& ¬ vlkS ;Lrkezks v#.k mr cHkz%q lqexa y%A ;s pSu ¤#nzk vfHkrksfn{kqfJrk% lgò'kks·s oS"kk
¤gsM bZegsA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% Lukuh;a tya leiZ;kfeA i;%Luku%& ¬ i;%
i`fFkO;ka i; vks"kÌh"kq i;ks fnO;Urfj{ks Ik;ksÌk% Ik;Lorh% izfn'k% lUrq eáe~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh
lkEclnkf'kok; ue% i;%Lukua leiZ;kfeA nfÌLuku%& ¬ nfÌØkO.kks vdkfj"ka ft".kksj'oL;
okftu% lqjfHk uks eq[kk djRiz.k vk;w ¤f"k rkfj"kr~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% JhlkEclnkf'kok;ue%
nfÌLukua leiZ;kfeA ?k`rLuku%& ¬ ?k`ra fefe{ks ?k`reL; ;ksfu?k`rs fJrks ?k`rEoL;ÌkeA vuq"oÌek
og ekn;Lo Lokgkd`ra o`"kHk of{k gO;eA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% ?k`rLukua
leiZ;kfeA eÌqLuku%& ¬ eÌq okrk _rk;rs eÌq {kjfUr flUÌo% ek/ohuZ% lURoks"kÌh%A eÌquDr
eqrks"klks eÌq eRikfFkZo ¤jt% eÌq|kSjLrq u% firkA eÌq ekUuks ouLifreZÌeq kWa vLrq lw;%Z ek/ohxkZoks
HkoUrq u%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% eÌqLukua leiZ;kfeA 'kdZjkLuku%& ¬ vik
¤jleq};l¤lw;sZ lUr¤lekfgre~A vik¤jlL; ;ks jlLra oks x`g.~ kkE;qreeqi;ke x`ghrkslhUnzk;
Rok tq"Va x`g.kE;s"k rs ;ksfufjUnzk;Rok tq"Vree~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% 'kdZjkLukua
leiZ;kfeA iŒpke` pke`rLuku%& ¬ iŒpu|% ljLorhefi ;fUr lòksrl%A ljLorh rq iŒp/kk lks
ns'ksHs koRlfjr~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% iŒpke`rLukua leiZ;kfeA xUÌksndLuku%&
¬ v ¤'kquk rs v ¤'kq% i`P;rka i#"kk i#%A xUÌLrs lkseeorq enk; jlks vP;qr%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %
Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% xUÌksndLukua leiZ;kfeA 'kq)ksndLuku%& ¬ 'kq)oky% loZ'kq)okyks
ef.kokyLr vkf'ouk% ';sr% ';srk{kks#s .kLrs #nzk; Ik'kqir;s d.kkZ ;kek vofyIrk jkSnkz uHkks:ik%
iktZU;k%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% 'kq)ksndLukua leiZ;kfeA vkpeuh;ty%&
¬ v/;oksp nfÌoDrk çFkeks nSO;ks fHk"kd~A vgha'p lokZTa tEHk;URlokZ'p ;krqÌkU;ks Ìjkph%
ijklqoA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% JhlkEclnkf'kok;ue% vkpeuh;a tya leiZ;kfeA ¼nSfud vfHk"ksd½%&
¬ ueLrs #nz eU;omrks r b"kosue%A ckgqH;keqr rs ue%A ;k rs #nz f'kok ruwj?kksjk ikidkf'kuhA
r;k uLrUok 'kUre;k fxfj'kUrkfHkpkd'khfgA ;kfe"kqa fxfj'kUr gLrs fcHk";ZLrosA f'koka fxfj= rka
 29
dq# ek fg¤lh% iq#"ka txr~A f'kosu oplk Rok fxfj'kkPNk onkeflA ;Fkk u% loZfeTtxn;{e
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lnfer~Rok gokegsAA |kS% 'kkfUr&&&A oL=%& ¬ vlkS ;ksos liZfr uhyxzhoks foyksfgr%A mrSua xksik
vn`JUun`JUuqngk;Z% l n`"Vks e`M;kfr u%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% oL=a leiZ;kfeAA
;Kksiohr%& ¬ ueksLs rq uhyxzhok; lgòk{kk; eh<q"ksA vFkks ;s vL; lRokuksgs a rsH;ksds jaue%A ¬
HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% ;Kksiohra leiZ;kfeAA mioó%& ¬ lqtkrksT;ksfr"kk lg 'keZ
o:Fkek·lnRLo%A oklks vXus fo'o:i ¤la O;;Lo foHkkolksA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue%
mioóa leiZ;kfeA xUÌ%& ¬ izeŒq pÌUouLRoeqHk;ksjkRU;ksTZ ;kZeA~ ;k'p rs gLr b"ko% ijk rk
Hkxoks oiA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% xUÌkuqyis ua leiZ;kfeA lqxfU/kr nzO;%&
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¬ rRiq:"kk;ue% ¬ bZ'kkuk;ue% ¬ ufUnusue% ¬ egkdkyk;ue% ¬ x.ks'kk;ue% ¬o`"kek;ue%
¬ Hk`fa xfjV;sue% ¬ LdUnk;ue% ¬ meknsO;Sue% ¬ p.Ms'ojk;ue% ¬ vuUrk;ue% ¬lw{ek;ue%
¬ 'kadjk;ue% ¬ ,dinsue% ¬ ,d#nzk;ue% ¬ f=ewÙkZ;us e% ¬ Jhd.Bk;ue% ¬ okensok;ue%
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 :nzkfHk"ksd&iwtu 30
¬ izkIR;Sue% izdkE;Sue% ¬ bZf'kRok;Sue% ¬ of'kRok;Sue% ¬czkºE;Sue% ¬ekgs'o;SuZ e% ¬dkSek;SuZ e%
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¬ #nzk;ue% ¬ mxzk;ue% ¬ Hkhek;ue% ¬ egrsue% ¬ oklqd;sue% ¬r{kdk;ue% ¬dqyhjdk;ue%
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¬ [kaxk;ue% ¬ ik'kk;ue% ¬ v˚q'kk;ue% ¬ xnk;Sue% ¬ f='kwyk;ue% ¬ iq"inUrk;ue%
¬ lkoZHkkSek;ue% ¬ fo:ik{kk;ue% ¬ fo'o:ik;ue% ¬ i'kqir;sue% ¬ Å)Zo~ fyaxk;ue% ¬
HkwHkqoZ %Lo% lkEclnkf'kok;ue% fcYoi=kf.k leiZ;kfeA nqokZ%& ¬ dk.MkRdk.MkRçjksgUrh i#"k%
i#"kLifjA ,ok uks nwoZs izruq lgòs.k 'krsu pA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% nqokZ³d~ jq ku
leiZ;kfeA 'kehi=%& ¬ vea©ykuka p 'keuhe~ loZ flf) djhe 'kqHkke~] nq%LoIu ukf'kuhe
ÌU;k eiZ;gs a 'kehe 'kqHkke~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% 'keh i=kf.k leiZ;kfeA
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;n~nrarrn~xg` k.klqj's ojA ukukifjeynzO;%& ¬ vfgfjo Hkksx%S i;sfZ r ckgqa T;k;k gsfra ifjckÌeku%A
gLr?uks fo'oko;qukfu fo}ku~ iqeku~ iqek ¤la ifj ikrq fo'or%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue%
ukukifjeynzO;kf.k leiZ;kfeA /kwi%& ¬ ;k rs gsfrehZ<"q VegLrs cHkwo rs /kuq%A r;ksLekfUo'orLRoe
;{e;k ifjHkqtA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% Ìwiek?kzki;kfeA nhi%& ¬ ifj rs ÌUouks
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_rqQy%& ¬ ;k% Qfyuh;kZ vQykviq"ik ;k'p iqf"i.kh%A c`gLifr izlrw kLrk uks eqŒpURo
¤gl%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% _rqQykfu leiZ;kfeA rkEcwy%& ¬ ueLr
vk;qÌk;kukrrk; Ì`".kosA mHkkH;keqr rs ueks ckgqH;ka ro ÌUousA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnk
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nzO;nf{k.kka p leiZ;kfeA diwjZ vkjrh%& ¬ vkjkf=ikfFkZo¤jt% firqjizkf;ÌkefHk%A fno% lnk
 31
¤fl c`grh fo fr"Bl vk Ros"ka orZrrs e%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% JhlkEclnkf'kok;ue% diwjZ kfrZD;an'kZ;kfeAA
vkjrh%& ¬ t;xaxkÌj t; gj t; fxfjtkÌh'kkA Roa eka iky;fuR;a d`i;k txnh'kkAA ¬gj&&
dSykls fxfjf'k[kjs dYinzeq fofiusA xqŒa tfr eÌqdjiqŒa ts dqŒa tous xgusAA
dksfdydwftr [ksyr galkou yfyrkA jp;fr dykdykia u`R;fr eqnlfgrkA ¬gj&&
rfLeYyfyrlqn's ks 'kkyk ef.kjfprk A rUe/;s gjfudVs xkSjh eqnlfgrk AA
ØhMka jp;fr Hkw"kkajfŒtr futeh'ke~ A bUnzkfnd lqj lsor uke;rs 'kh'ke~A ¬ gj&&
fccqÌcÌw cgq u`R;r ân;s eqnlfgrk A fdUuj xk;u dq#rs lIr Loj lfgrk AA
fÌudr FkS FkS fÌudr e`nxa okn;rsA Do.k Do.k yfyrk os.kqa eÌqja ukV;rsA ¬gj&&
#.k #.k pj.ks jp;fr uwijq eqTTofyrkA pØkorsZ Hkze;fr dq#rs rka fÌd rka AA
rka rka yqi pqi rka rka Me: okn;rs A vax"q Bkaxfq yukna ykldrka dq#rsA ¬ gj&&
diwjZ |qfrxkSja iaŒpkuulfgre~ A f=u;u 'kf'kÌjekSfya fo"kÌjd.B;qre~ AA
lqUnjtVkdykia ikod;qrHkkye~ A Me#f='kwyfiukda djÌ`ru`dikye~ A ¬ gj&&
eq.MS jp;fr ekyk iUuxeqiohre~ A okefoHkkxs fxfjtk:ia vfryfyre~AA
lqUnjldy'kjhjs d`rHkLekHkj.ke~ A bfr o`"kHk/ot:ia rki=;gj.ke~A ¬ gj&&
'kaƒfuukna d`Rok >Yyfj ukn;rsA uhjkt;rs czãk osn_pka iBrsAA
vfre`npq j.kljksta âRdeys Ì`RokA voyksd;fr egs'ka bZ'ka vfHkuRokA ¬ gj&&
/;kua vkjfr le;s ân;s vfr d`Rok A jkefótVkukFka bZ'ka vfHkuRok AA
laxfresoa izfrfnu iBua ;% dq#rsA f'kolk;qT;a xPNfr HkDR;k ;% J`.kqrAs ¬ gj&&
iznf{k.kk%& ¬ ekuksegkUreqr ekuksvHkZda ek u m{kUreqr ek u mf{kre~ A ekuks o/kh% firja eksr
ekrja ek u% fiz;kLrUoks #nz jhfj"k%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok; ue% iznf{k.kka leiZ;kfeAA
iq"ikatfy%& ¬ ekuLrksds ru;s ekuvk;qf"kekuks xks"kqekuks v'os"kqjhfj"k%A ekuks ohjku~ #nz Hkkfeuks
oÌhgZfo"eUr% lnfer~Rok gokegsA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% JhlkEclnkf'kok; ue% eU=iq"ikŒtfya leiZ;kfeAA
izkFkZuk%&k%&¬ ikiks·ga ikidekZga ikikRek ikilEHko%A =kfg eka ikoZrhukFk loZikigjks HkoAA ¬
HkwHkqoZ % Lo% Jh lkEclnkf'kok;ue% izkFkZukiwodZ ueLdkju~leiZ;kfeAA vu;kiwt;kJhlkEclnkf'ko%izh;rka
u eeAA JhlkEclnk f'kokiZ.keLrqAA
¼;teku dks fryddj j{kklw= ckWÌa as fQj vfHkf"kä ty ls vfHk"ksd djs½a ¬ vkiksfg"Bk
e;ksHkqoLrkumTts&Z &&&&vkikstu ;Fkk p u%AA ¬ |kS% 'kkfUrjUrfj{k¤'kkfUr% &&&&&&lkek'kkfUrjsfÌAA
;Fkk ck.k çgkjk.kka dopa Hkofr okjde~A rn~ on~ nSoksi ?kkrkuka 'kkfUrHkZorq okfjdkAA
ea=k{kr%& ea=kFkkZ% lQyk lUrq iw.kkZ lUrq euksjFkk%A 'k=w.kk cqf) uk'kksLrq fe=k.kkeqn;LroAA
AA nqxkZ&iwtu AA
vkokgu%& vkxPN Roa egknsfo! LFkkus pk= fLFkjk HkoA ;kor~ iwtka dfj";kfe rkor~ Roa lafuÌkS
HkoA JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue% nqxkZnos hekokg;kfeA vkokgukFksIZ kq"ialeiZ;kfeAA vklu%& vusdjRula;Dq ra
 nqxkZ&iwtu 32
ukukef.k x.kkfUore~A bna gsee;a fnO;eklua çfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnOs ;Sue%A vkluale0A
ik|%& xa©kfn loZrhFksHZ ; vkuhrarks;eqree~A ik|kFkZa rs çnkL;kfe x`gk.k ijesÜofjA JhtxnEck;S
nqxkZnOs ;Sue%A ikn;ksik|ale0A v?;Z%& xUÌiq"ik {krS;DZq rk?;Za lEikfnra e;kA x`gk.k Roa egknsfo
izlUuk Hko loZnkA JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A gLr;ks%v?;Zla e0A vkpeu%& diwjZ .s klqxU/ksuokflra
Loknq'khryke~A rks;ekpeuh;kFkZa x`gk.k ijesÜofjA JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnOs ;S ue%A vkpeuh;atyle0A
Luku%& eUnkfdU;kLrq ;}kfj loZikigja 'kqHke~A rfnna dfYira nsfo! LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A
JhtxnEck;S0A LukukFkZta ya leiZ0A nqX/kLuku%& dke/ksulq eqRiUua los"Z kka thoua ije~A ikoua ;K
gsr'q p Ik;%LukukFkZefiZre~A JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A nf/kLuku%& i;lLrq leqnHkwra e/kqjkEya
'kf'kizHke~A n/;kuhra e;k nsfo! LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S0A ?k`rLuku%& uouhrleqRiUua
loZlra ks"kdkjde~A ?k`ra rqH;a iznkL;kfe LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A eÌqLuku%&
iq"ijs.kqleqRiUua lqLoknq e/kqja e/kqA rst% iqf"Vlek;qDra LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S
nqxkZnOs ;Sue%A 'kdZjkLuku%& b{kqlkjleqnHkwrka 'kdZjkaifq "Vnka 'kqHkke~A eykigkfjdka fnO;ka LukukFkZa
izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A iŒpke`rLuku%& Ik;ks nf/k ?k`rpa oS e/kq p 'kdZjkfUore~A
iŒŒpke`ra e;k·uhra LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnOs ;S ue%A xU/kksndLuku%& ey;kpylEHkwra
pUnukx#fefJre~A lfyya nsonsosf'k 'kq)Lukuk; x`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnsO;S ue%A
'kq)ksndLuku%& 'kq)a ;r~lfyya fnO;a xa©ktyleaLe`re~A lefiZra e;k HkDR;k LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A
JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A oL=%& iê;qXeae;knra daŒpqdus lefUore~A ifj/ksfg d`ika d`Rok ekrnqxZ kZfrZ
ukf'kfuA JhtxnEck;S0A oóksioóa daŒpqdh; le0A lkSHkkX;lw=%& lkSHkX;lw=oa jns lqo.kZef.kla;rq e~A
d.Bs c/ukfe nsofs 'k lkSHkkX;a nsfg es lnkA JhtxnEck;S0A lkSHkkX;lw=la e0A pUnu%& Jh[k.MapUnua
fnO;axU/kk<;aleq uksgje~A foysiua lqjJs"Bs pUnua izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A pUnuale0A
gfjnzkpw.kZ%& gfjnzkjaftrs nsfo! lq[klkSHkkX;nkf;fuA rLekr~Roka iwt;kE;=lq[ka'kkfUraiz;PNesA
JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%A dqda eq %& dqda eq da kenafnO;a dkfeuhdkelEHkoe~A dqda eq us kfpZrk nsoh dqda eq a
izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnOs ;S ue%A flUnwj%& flUnwje#.kkHkkla tikdqleq lafuHke~A vfiZra
rs e;k HkDR;k izlhn ijesÜofjA JhtxnEck;S nqxkZnOs ;S ue%A dTty%& p{kqH;kZa dTtya jE;a lqHkxs
'kkfUrdkjde~A diZwjT;ksfrleqRiUua x`gk.kijesÜofjA JhtxnEck;SnqxkZnsO;S0A nwokZadqj%&
r`.kdkUref.kç[;gfjrkfHk% lqtkfrfHk%A nwokZfHkjkfHkHkZorha iwt;kfeegsÜofjA JhtxnEck;S0A vkHkw"k.k%&
gkjdad.kds;jw es[kykdq.MykfnfHk%A jRuk<;a ghjdksirs a Hkw"k.ka izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S0A iq"iekyk%&
ekY;knhfu lqxU/khfu ekyR;knhfu HkfDrr%A e;k·ârkfuiq"ikf.k iwtkFkZça frx`º;rke~A Jh txnEck;S0A
ukukifjeynzO;%& vchja xqykya p gfjnzkfnlefUore~A ukukifjeynzO;a x`gk.k ijesÜofjAa
JhtxnEck;S0A lkSHkX;isfVdk%& gfjnzka dqd a eq a pSo flUnwjkfnlefUorke~A lkSHkkX;isfVdkesrka
x`gk.k ijesÜofjA JhtxnEck;S0A /kwi%& ouLifrjlksörw ks xUÌk<~;ks xU/k mre%A vk?kz;s % loZnos kuka
/kwiks;s a izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S0A /kwiek?kzki;kfeAA nhi%& lkT;a p ofrZl;a Dq ra ofÐuk ;ksftra
 33
e;kA nhia x`gk.k nsofs 'k =SyksD;frfejkige~A JhtxnEck;S0A nhia n'kZ;kfeA uSo|s %& 'kdZjk[k.M[kk|kfu
nfÌ{khj?k`rkfu pA vkgkjkFkZa Hk{;HkksT;a uSo|s a izfrx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S0A uSo|s fa uosn;kfeAA
uSo|s kUrs vkpeuh;atyaleiZ;kfeAA _rqQy%& bnaQya e;knsfo LFkkfira iqjrLroA rsu es lQyk
okfIrHkZoTs tUefutUefuA JhtxnEck;S0A rkEcwy%& iwxhQyaegkfnO;aukxoYyhnyS;rZq e~A ,ykyoaxla;Dq ra
rkEcwyia fz rx`º;rke~A JhtxnEck;S0A nf{k.kk%& nf{k.kka gselfgrka ;Fkk'kfDrlefiZrke~A vuUrQynkesuka
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dqoZs Ik'; eka ojnk HkoA JhtxnEck;Snxq kZnOs ;Sue%AA
vkjrh%& t;vEcsxkSjh eS;k t;';kekxkSjhA rqedksfuf'kfnu /;kor gfjczãkf'kothAA t; vEcsAA
ekWxa flanjw fojktr Vhdks e`xendksA mTtoyls nksm uSuk panoz nu uhdksAA t; vEcs AA
dud leku dysoj jDrkEcj jktSA jDr iq"i xy ekyk d.Buij lktSAA t; vEcs AA
dsgfjokgu jktr [kM~x[kij /kkjhA lqjuj eqfutu lsor fruds nq%[kgkjhAA t; vEcas AA
dkuu dq.My 'kksfHkr uklkxzs eksrhA dksfVd panz fnokdj lejktr T;ksrhAAt; vEcs AA
'kqEHk fu'kqEHk fonkjs efg"kklqj ?kkrhA /kwefz oykspu uSuk fuf'kfnu enekrhAA t; vEcs AA
p.M eq.M lagkjs 'kksf.kr cht gjsA eÌq dSVHk nksm ekjs lqj Hk;ghu djsAA t; vEcs AA
czãk.kh #nzk.kh rqe deyk jkuhA vkxe fuxe c[kkuh rqe f'ko iVjkuhAA t; vEcs AA
pkSlB;ksfxuh xkor u`R;djr HkS:AaW cktr rky e`nxa k vkSj cktr Me:AA t; vEcs AA
rqegks txdhekrk rqegh gks HkjrkA HkDrudh nq[kgjrk lq[klEifr djrkAA t; vEcs AA
Hkqtkpkj vfr'kksfHkr ojeqnkz /kkjhA euokfŒNrQy ikor lsor ujukjhAA t; vEcs AA
dapuFkky fojktr vxjdiwj ckrhA Jhekydsreq s jktr dksfVjruT;ksrhAA t; vEcs AA
JhvEcsthdhvkjrhtks dksbZ ujxkoSA dgr f'kokuWUa nLokeh lq[klEifrikoSAA t; vEcs AA
AA egkfo|k ;a=iwtk] Lrks=ikB o gou AA
¬ vifo=0AA vk'ku'kqf}a Hkwfe'kqf}a d`Rok ladYi%& v|sR;kfn·eqdxks=k·eqdjk'ks· eqd'keZ.ks ee
ijkØe nqfoZ{k;k deZtU; nqxiz hMk v"VfoÌk fuokj.kk; vFk p loZnoS lokZfn O;kfÌ fu#ir;s
nqfHkZ{k;k nq%[kuho`r;s lqfHk{kçkIr; egkek;k|qip;s ouh#Ri;s lqfHk{kizkIr; rFkkp Mkfduh 'kkfduh
Hkwrizrs fi'kkp czã jk{kl% u`flag HkSjo ekr`dkfnx.k lar"q V; loZJ;s Ldkeu;k _"Vk_"V [kaMua
JhHkxofr izlUudj.kkFksZ Jhegkdkyhegky{ehegkljLorh egkfo|k ;a=iwtkfn ikB gou dekZgda fj";sAA
iwtk&/;ku%& ¬ tkrosnls lquoke lkse ejkfr;rks fungkfr osn%A lu% i"kZnfr nqxkZf.k
fo'okukoso flaÌaq nqfjrkR;fXuAA
vFkU;kl%%& ¬ tkrf'k[kk;ka] osnlsyykVs] lquoked.kZ;ks%] lkSeukfldk;ka] vjkfrp{kq;ks%]
;rvkS"V;ks] funar"s kq nnkfrrkyq] osnftàk;ka] lxzhok;ka] uokàks i"kZâfn] vLru;ksn%q dq{kkS] xkZf.kukHkks
fo'oki`"Vs ukokikjk;ks boo`"k.k;ks flaÌfq l'us nq%d|ka brmoksZ vfrta?k;ks vfXuikn;ksAA ân;kU;kl%&
¬ tkrosnlsluq okeân;k;ue%] lkseejkfr;rks% f'kjlsLokgkA funnkfrosn%f'k[kk;So"kV~] lu%i"kZnfr
 egkfo|k&iwtk o Lrks=ikB 34
nqxkZf.kdopk; gqe] fo'oukosoflaÌuaq =s kH;ka okS"kV~] nqfjrkR;kfXuvók;QV~AA vFkdjU;kl%& ¬
tkrosnlsluq oke vax"q VkH;kaue%] ¬ lkseejkfr;rks% rtZuhH;ka ue%] ¬ funnkfrosn% e/;ekH;kaue%]
¬ lu%i"kZnfrnqxkZf.k vukfedkH;kaue%] ¬ fo'oukosoflaÌaq dfuf"VdkH;kaue%] ¬ nqfjrkR;kfXu
djrydji`"VkH;kaue%]A ekr`dkU;kl%& ¬ vaue%yykVs] vkaue%eq[ko`=]s baue%nf{k.kus=]s bZua e%okeus=]s
maue% nf{k.kd.ks]Z ofgHkwxZ `gprq"dks.ks;¼q bZ'kkU;ke~½ vksa xa x.kir;sue%A ¼vkXus;ke~½ vksa {ksa
{ks=ikyk;ue%A ¼uS_R;ke~½ vksa ca cVqdk;ue%A ¼ok;O;ke~½ vksa ;ksa ;ksfxuhH;ksue%AA iwokZfn
v"VHkSjoiwtue~¼iwo½Zs vflrkaxHkSjok; ue% vkokg;kfe LFkki;kfe iwt;kfe u eeA ¼vkXus;ka½
: : HkSjok;ue% vkok0 ¼nf{k.ks½ p.MHkSjok;ue% vkok0 ¼uS_rs½ Øks/kHkSjok;ue% vkok0
¼if'pes½ mUerHkSjok;ue% vkok0 ¼ok;os½ dikyHkSjok;ue% vkok0 ¼mÙkjs½ Hkh"k.kHkSjok;ue%
vkok0 ¼bZ'kku½ lagkjHkSjok;ue% vkokg;kfeLFkki;kfe iwt;kfe u eeAA iwokZfnfn{kq%& bUnzk;ue%A
vXu;sue%A ;ek;ue%A fu_r;sue%A o#.kk;ue%A ok;osue%A lksek;ue%A bZ'kku;ue%A czã.ksue%A
vuUrk;ue%AA ¼rn~ofg½ otzk;ue%A 'kä;sue%A n.Mk;ue%A [kM~xk;ue%A ik'kk;ue%A v³dq'kk;
ue%A xnk;Sue%A f='kwyk;sue%A iùk;ue%A pØk;ue%A ¼rn`ofg½ otzfLrk;S xtk#Mk;S dknEcjh
nSO;Sue%A 'kfägLrk;Svtokguk;S mYdknsO;Sue%A n.MgLrk;Sefg"kk#<k;S djkyhnsO;Sue%A [kM~xgLrk;S
'kookguk;S jDrk{khanOs ;Sue%A ik'kgLrk;S e`xokguk;S gfjrk{khnsO;Sue%A xnkgLrk;Sflagk#<k;S ;f{k.kh
nsO;Sue%A 'kwygLrk;So"` kHkokguk;S dkyhnsO;Sue%A iùgLrk;Sgla okguk;S lqjT;s"BknsO;Sue%A pØgLrk;S
liZokguk;S liZjkKhnsO;Sue%A oká&;U=jFknsorkH;ks ue%A ¼ewyeU=s.k iwtua dq;kZr½~ ¼izk.kizfr"Bka
dq;kZr½~ ¼;ksfueqn;z kizn';Z½ ¬ vka Ðha ØkSa ;a ja ya oa 'ka "ka la ga l% vL;kewrkSiZ kz .k% bgizk.k%A
thobgfLFkr%A losfZ nz;kf.kok©euLRod~p{kq% Jks=ftàk?kzk.k&ikf.k ikn ik;wILFkkfu bgSokxR; lq[ka
fpja fr"BUrq LokgkA ,rUrsfr izfr"VkI; ewyea=.s k ik|kfnfHk laiTw ;A vklue~%& loZnos e;h nsoh
loZnk f'kooYyHkS nsfo leiZ;fa nO;a x`gk.kklueO;;SAA vkokgue%& ,fgnqxZs egkek;s j{kkaFkZeeloZnk%
vkokg;kE;ga nsfoloZdkekFkZflð;s vL;kewrkSlZ ekxPN fLFkfreRd`ik dq# j{kkdq# lnkHknzs fo'oS'ofj
ueksLrqrs Lokxrad'q kya i`"Vs egknsfo egs'ofj lq[kkxra Ro;kHknzs d`i;kHkäoRlysAA ik|e~%&
xa©kfnrhFkZ laHkwrk xaÌiq"ik{krS;rZq a ik|a x`gk.k nsofs 'kueLrs f=iqj's ofjAA v?;Ze%& v"VxaÌlek;qDrs
Lo.kZik=s çiwfjr v?;Z nnkfega rqH;a izflðUrqljq 's ofjAA vkpeue~%& loZyksL;;kekrk nsfoyksdikfouh%
nnkE;kpeua rL;S egknsO;Si;z Rur%AA e/kqidZe%~ & dfiyknfÌdqUnsUnqÌoZ yS eÌql;a rq a dkaL;ik=fLFkra
nsfoeÌqidZa x`gk.kesAA iŒpke`re~%& i;ksnfÌ?k`ra pSo 'kdZjkeÌql;a rq a iapke`ra e;kfuR;a x`gk.kkRo
lqj's ofjAA iqujkpeuhe~%& diwjZ kokflraokfj u`eya 'kqðgsrdq a x`gk.kka ijes'kkfu iqujkpeuh;de~AA
Lukue~%& xa©kfn loZlHa kwra xaÌ iq"ik{krS;Z rq a Lukuaxg` k.knsofs 'k frFkksnZ dlefUore~AA 'kqðksndLukue~%&
lqxfa UÌ'ky{.kk pw.kZprFkksðrZukfnda ukukfrFkksnZ H~ koarks;La ukfu;a p x`gk.kesAA dad.koókfnHkw"k.ke~%&
jädad.koSM;q eZ ä q kgkjkfndkfup lqç'kusegknsfo% oókHkw"k.kkfu x`gk.kesAA daf?k%& nafrnarkleqRikV~;
fof/kof}fÌukd`rk ds'klaektZukFkkZ; dadfux`ºulSytsAA lqUxxÌ%& %& lqxfÌ'khrya 'kqHkza ukukxUÌa
 35
lefUora çhR;FkZa ronso's khlqxfUÌ çfrx`árke~AA pUnue~%& pUnukx#diwjZ a dqda eq k|slefUora dLrqfjykspua
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ekyfrefydknhfulqxUÌa dq'kqekfup fuosfnrkafuosn's kh leLrkif}ukf'kuhAA iq"iekyk%& jä'osrka
oqteS fZ ydkfnfofpf=rS iq"iekyka iz;PNkfeçflðrs lqjLs ojhAA dqdeq %& dqda eq 'kksHkua fnO;a loZnke©yainz a
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rkEcwye~%& lq/kkjofnj la;Dq ra ukxcfynZy;sS rq a diwjZ kfnlek;qDra rkacyw a izfrx`árke~AA Qye~%& bna
Qyae;knso LFkkfiraijq rLro% rsueslQykokfIrHkZots Uefu tUefu dnyhukjhdsykfn iulkfnQykuhp
_rqHkokfu nsohf'k x`gk.kijes'ojhAA uhjkatu%& ea©yadkfydsnfs o efg"kklqjlwnuh fujktua e;knÙka
x`gk.ks'ojlqUnfj xkSÌew i`"Vjfpra uo;ksfufLFkraf'kos diwjZ okfrZD;k;qDra vkjkfrZD;a izfrx`árke~AA
iq"ikatfy%& nqxnZs fs o ueLrqH;a ldyklqjrklfu iq"ikatfy x`gk.kkaRoa e;knRre~ lqjkafpZrAS A ueLdkj%&
t;Urh ea©ykdkyh Hknzdkyh dikfyuh nqxkZ{kekf'kokÌk=h Lokgk LoÌkueksLrqrAs loZe©a yeka©xY;s
f'koslokZFkZ lkfÌds 'kj.;s =;Eods xkSfj ukjk;f.k ueksLrqrAs A eU=iq"ika×tyh leiZ;kfeAA
AA egkfo|k Lrks= ikB AA
egkfo|kaioz {;kfe egknsous fufeZrkeA fofp=kafdr:is.k ekr`dka ân;s U;lsrAA mÙkeka loZfo|kuka
loZHkwro'kadjhe~AA
ladYi%& v|sR;kfn ns'kdkykS ladhR;Z&&ekls&&i>s&&frFkkS&&okljs&&xks=ksRiUua&&jkf'k&&'kekZga eex`gs
mRiUu Hkwrizrs fi'kkp o`fÜpdkfn nks"k'keukFkZa lokZfj"V'kkUr;s egkfo|kLrks=ikBega dfj";sAA
fofu;ksx%& vL; euLlk{khnsork lkfo=hNUn% txnkfn% Jhf'koksnos rk Jhf'koizhR;FkZa eu% dkeukfl)FksZ
tis ikBs fofu;ksx%AA
/;ku%&
/;ku%&m|PNhrka'kq jf'e |qfrp; ln`'kha QqYy iùks ifo"VkaA
oh.kk ukxsUnz 'ka[kk··;q/k ij'kq Ìjka nksfHkZjhMîS ÜprqfHkZ%AA
eqDrk gkjka'kq ukuk ef.k;qr ân;ka lhÌq ik=ka ogUrhaA
oUns·HkhM~îka Hkokuha izgflr onuka lkÌds"V iznk=heAA
dqyda jh oa'kdjha Ìsudq jha nydjha iqf"Vdjha o`f)djha gykdjha loZ'k=q{k;djhe~ mRlkgdjha
cyof)Zuha loZotzdk;kfprka loZxgz ksPpkfVuha iq=ikS=k·fHkof)Zuhek;qjkjksX;SÜo;kZfHkof)Zuha loZHkwrLrfEHkuha
 egkfo|k&Lrks=ikB 36
nzkfo.kha eksfguha loZdf"kZ.kha loZyksdo'kadjha loZjkto'kadjha loZ;U=&eU= izHksfnuhesdkfgda loZxgz eS=hdjha
,dkfgda };kfgda =;kfgda pkrqfFkZda iŒpkfgda lkIrkfgdek)Zekflda ekflda "kk.ekflda lkaoRlfjda
oSt;fUrda iSfÙkda okfrda 'ySf"edalkfUuikfrdaa eq[kjksxx.Mjksxizegs jksx 'kqYdkfof'k{k;djha foLQksVdkfn
fouk'kk;LokgkAA osrkykfnToj&jkf=Toj&fnolTojk·fXuToj& izR;fXuToj&ek;kTojk·fHkpkfjdToj
&of"VToj LejkfnToj iz;ksxkfnfouk'kk; LokgkAA vf{k'kwy dqf{k'kwy d.kZ'kwy ?kzk.k'kwyksnj'kwy
xy'kwy nUr'kwy x.M'kwy f'kj%'kwy f'kjks)'Z kwy ikn'kwy iknk)Z'kwy lokZxa 'kwy fouk'kk; LokgkA
¬ loZO;kfÌfouk'kk; LokgkA ¬ loZ'k=qfouk'kk; LokgkA ¬ loZLQksVd loZDys'kfouk'kk;LokgkA
¬ vkRej{kk ijekRej{kk fe=j{kk·fXuj{kk izR;fXuj{kk ijxfrokrksj{kk rs"kka ldycUÌ;LokgkA ¬
gjnsfguhLokgkA ¬ bUnznfs guhLokgkA ¬ LoL;czã n.Ma foJke;A ¬ foJke; fo".kqn.Me~A ¬
Toj&Tojs'ojdqekj&n.Me~A ¬ fgfy fefy ek;kn.Me~A ¬ fuR;a fuR;a foJke; foJke; ok#.kh
'kwfyuh xk#Mhj{kk LokgkAA xa©kfn&iqfyus tkrk ioZrs p oukUrjsA #nzL; ân;s tkrk fo|k·ga
dke:fi.khA Toy Toy nsgL; nsgsu ldy&yksgfiafxfy dfV&eiqjh fdfy fdfy fdfy
egkn.Mdqekjn.M u`R;u`R; fo".kqofUnr&gafluh 'kaf[kuhpfØ.kh xfnuh'kwfyuh j{kj{k LokgkAA
cht&eU=%& ÐkWa LokgkA ÐkWa ÐWka LokgkA Ðha LokgkA Ðha Ðha LokgkA ÐwaW Lokgk Ðaw ÐwaW LokgkA Ðsa LokgkA
Ðsa Ðsa LokgkAa ÐSa LokgkA ÐSa ÐSa LokgkA Ðksa LokgkA Ðksa Ðksa LokgkAa ÐkSa LokgkA ÐkSa ÐkSa LokgkA Ða LokgkA
Ða Ða LokgkA Ð% LokgkA Ð% Ð% LokgkA ØaaW LokgkA ØWa ØWa LokgkA Øha LokgkA Øha Øha LokgkA ØwaW
LokgkA ØwaW ØWaw LokgkA Øsa LokgkA Øsa Øsa Lokgk ØSa Lokgk ØSa ØSa Lokgk Øksa Lokgk Øksa Øksa Lokgk
ØkSa Lokgk ØkSa ØkSa Lokgk Ø% Lokgk Ø% Ø% Lokgk dWa Lokgk dWa dWa Lokgk [kWa Lokgk] [kaW [akW Lokgk]
xaW Lokgk] xaW xaW Lokgk] ?kWa Lokgk ?kWa ?kWa Lokgk] ³Wa Lokgk] ³Wa ³Wa Lokgk] pWa Lokgk] pWa pWa Lokgk] NWa
Lokgk] NWa NWa Lokgk] taW Lokgk] tWa tWa Lokgk] >aW Lokgk] >aW >aW Lokgk] ŒkWa Lokgk] ŒkWa ŒkWa Lokgk]
VWa Lokgk] VWa VaW Lokgk] BaW Lokgk] BaW BaW Lokgk] MWa Lokgk] MaW MWa Lokgk] <Wa Lokgk] <aW <Wa Lokgk]
.kWa Lokgk] .kWa .kWa Lokgk] raW Lokgk] rWa raW Lokgk] FkaW Lokgk] FkaW FkWa Lokgk] naW Lokgk] naW nWa Lokgk]
ÌWa Lokgk] ÌWa Ìa Lokgk] uWa Lokgk] uWa uaW Lokgk] iWa Lokgk] iaW iaW Lokgk] QWa Lokgk] QWa QWa Lokgk]
caW Lokgk] cWa caW Lokgk] HkWa Lokgk] HkWa HkW Lokgk] eWa Lokgk] eaW eWa Lokgk] ;Wa Lokgk] ;Wa ;aW Lokgk]
jWa Lokgk] jW jWa Lokgk] yWa Lokgk] yaW yWa Lokgk] 'kWa Lokgk] 'akW 'akW Lokgk] "Wka Lokgk] "Wka "akW Lokgk]
laW Lokgk] lW lWa Lokgk] gWa Lokgk] gWa gWa Lokgk] {kWa Lokgk] {kWa {kWa LokgkAA ¬ueks Hkxors#nzk; LokgkA
¬ ys"kk; Lokgk A ¬ x.ks'ojk; Lokgk ¬ nqxZs egk'kfDrd Hkwr&izrs &fi'kkp jk{kl czãjk{kl
loZors ky o`fÜpdHk; fouk'kuk; LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ÐkWa Ðha ÐWwW Ðsa ÐSa Ðksa ÐkSa ÐWa
Ð% LokgkA ØkWa Øha ØwaW Øsa ØSa Øksa ØkSa ØWa Ø% LokgkA ¬ 'kha f'kok; LokgkA law lw;kZ; LokgkA lksa
lksek; LokgkA ea eaxyk; LokgkA cqa cq/kk; LokgkA c`a c`gLir;s LokgkA 'kqa 'kqØk; LokgkA 'ka
'kuSÜpjk; LokgkA jka jkgos LokgkA das dsros LokgkA ¬ egk'kkfUrHkwrizrs fi'kkpjk{kl czãjk{klcsrky
o`fÜpdHk; fouk'kk;LokgkA ¬ flag 'kknwyZ xtsUnz xzkg O;k?kzkfn e`xku~c?ukfeLokgkA ¬ 'kóac?ukfe
 37
LokgkA ¬ vóa c?ukfeLokgkA ¬ ok;qa c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ xfra c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ vk'kka c?ukfe
LokgkA ¬ loZa c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ loZtUrqa c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ cUÌ cUÌ ekspu dq# dq# LokgkAA
fnXcU/kue~%& ¬ ueks Hkxors egsUnzkfn'kk;keSjkork:<a otzgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifr eSUnz
ea.Mya caÌukfu LokgkA ¬ ,sUnze.Mya cUÌcUÌ j{kj{k ekpy ekpy ekØkE; ekØE;LokgkA ¬
ÐkW Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ HkSjok;LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk;LokgkA
¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ vfXufn'kk;ka e`xk:<a 'kfDrgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifrefXue.Mya
c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ vfXuea.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; Lokgk ÐkWa Ðha
ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkW Øha ØWw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ ueks HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors
#nzk; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ nf{k.kfn'kk;ka efg"kk:<a
d`".ko.kZa n.MgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra ;e e.Mya c?ukfe LokgkA ¬ ;e e.Mya cUÌ
cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekdzE; ekdzE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% Lokgk ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWw
ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ ueks HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk;
LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ uSÇR;fnfXn'kk;ka izrs k:<a [kM~xgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsork
fÌifra uSÇR;e.Mya cU/ukkfe LokgkA uSÇR;e.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE;
ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% Lokgk ¬ ØkW Øha ØWw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ ifÜpefn'kk;ka
edjk:<a ik'kgLraifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra o#.kea.Mya cÌkukfeLokgkA ¬ ueksHkxors #nzk;
LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ o#.k e.Mya
cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐWaw ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa
Øha ØWaw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ ok;O;fn'kk;ka e`xk:<a ÌuqgLZ ra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra ok;O;
ea.Mya cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk;
LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ ok;O; e.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE;
ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ mrjfn'kk;ka
ujk:<a xnkgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra dqcjs ea.Mya cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;
LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ dqcjs e.Mya
cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha Ðaw ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa
Øha ØWwaW ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ bZ'kkufn'kk;ka o`"kHkk:<a 'kwy gLra ifjokj lfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra
eh'kkuea.Mya cUÌukfeLokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk;
LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ bZ'kkue.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE;
ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐWw ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa ØSka Ø% LokgkA ¬ vUrjfn'kk;ka
yks"Bukxk:<a pØgLra ifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra dkykfXue.Mya cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ ueks
Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA
¬ dkykfXue.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa
 egkfo|k&ekykea= o Lrqfr 38
Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ czãfn'kk;ka galk:<a czãkógLra Loifjokjlfgra
fnXnsorkfÌifra czãk.Me.Mya cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA
¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ czãk.Me.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy
ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA
¬ fo".kqfn'kk;ka x#Mk:<a xnkgLra Loifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra fo".kqe.Myaa cUÌukfe LokgkA
¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue%
LokgkA ¬ fo".kqe.Mya cUÌ cUÌ j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW ÐSa
ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ vfXu fn'kk;ka dwekZ:<a yks"BHkkxa dqifj?kgLra
Loifjokjlfgra fnXnsorkfÌifra ikrkye.Mya cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬
HkSjok; LokgkA ¬ ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ ikrkye.Mya cUÌ cUÌ
j{k j{k ekpy ekpy ekØE; ekØE; LokgkA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐWaw ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% LokgkA ¬ ØkWa Øha ØWaw ØSa
ØkSa Ø% LokgkA ¬ nqxeZs gk'kkfUrd Hkwr&izrs fi'kkp jk{kl czãjk{kl csrky o`f'pdHk; fouk'kk;
LokgkA ¬ iwofZ n'kk;ka oztdks uke jk{klLrL; oztdL;k·"Vkn'kdksfV lgòL; fi'kkpL; fn'kka
cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ vók; QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; LokgkA ¬ vfXufn'kk;kaefXuTokyks
ukejk{klLrL;k·fXuTokyL;k·"Vkn'kdksfV lgòL; fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfe LokgkA vókk;
QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ nf{k.kfn'kk;kesdfiaxfydksuke jk{klLrL;SdfiaxfydL;k
·"Vkn'kdksfV lgòL; fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfeLokgkA ¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors
#nzk;LokgkA ¬ uSÇRZ ; fn'kk;ka ejhfpdksukejk{klLrL;ejhfpdL;k·"Vkn'k&dksfVlgòL; fi'kkpL;
fn'kka cUÌukfe LokgkA ¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ if'pefn'kk;ka
edjksuke jk{klLrL; edjL;k·"Vkn'kdksfV lgòL;fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfeLokgkA ¬ vók;
QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ ok;O; fn'kk;ka r{kdksukejk{kLkLrL;r{kdL;k·"Vkn'k
dksfVlgòL;fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfeLokgkA ¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA
¬ mÙkjfn'kk;ka egkHkheksukejk{klLrL; HkheL;k·"Vkn'kdksfVlgòL; fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfeLokgkA
¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ bZ'kkufn'kk;ka HkSjoksukejk{klLrL;HkSjoL;k
·"Vkn'kdksfVlgòL;fi'kkpL; fn'kka cUÌukfeLokgkA ¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueksHkxors #nzk;
LokgkA ¬ czãfn'kk;ka czã:iksukejk{klLrL;czã:iL;k·"Vkn'kdksfVlgòL; fi'kkpL; fn'kkacUÌukfe
LokgkA ¬ vók; QV~LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors HkSjok;LokgkA ¬
ueks x.ksÜojk; LokgkA ¬ ueks nqxkZ;S ue% LokgkA ¬ ueks egk'kkfUrd Hkwr izrs fi'kkp jk{kl
csrky o`fÜpdHk; fouk'kuk; LokgkAA
¬ f'k[kk;ka es Dyha czãk.kh j{krqA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ozha Cyha {kkSa gqaW QV~ LokgkA ¬ f'kjks es j{krq ekgs'ojhA
¬ ÐkWa Ðha ozha Cyha {kkSa gqaW QV~ LokgkA ¬ Hkqtks j{krq lokZ.khA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ozha Cyha {kkSa gqaW QV~ LokgkA
¬ mnjs j{krq #nzk.khA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ozha Cyha {kkSa âWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ t³~?ks j{krq ukjflaghA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha
 39
ozha Cyha {kkSa âqa QV~ LokgkA ¬ lokZxa as j{krq lqUnjhA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ozha Cyha {kkSa âqa QV~ LokgkAA
ifj.kkes egkfo|k egknsoL;lfUu/kSA ,dfoa'kfrokjs.kifBRok flf)ekIuq;krAA nq"Vkuka ekj.kapoS
loksiZ nzofuokj.ke~A loZdk;s"Z kq flf)% L;kr~ izrs 'kkfUrfoZ'ks"kr%AA

AAJhpf.MdkekykeU=%AA
fofu;ksx%& vL; Jhpf.MdkekykeU=L; ekdZ.Ms; _f"k%vuq"Vqi~ NUn% Jh pf.Mdk nsork ¬
Ð% chte] ¬ lkSa 'kfä%] ÐkSa dhyde~A ee Jhpf.Mdkizlknfl)îFkZa dkeukFksaZ Jhpf.MdkekykeU=tis
fofu;ksx%AA U;kl%& U;kl%&¬ ÐkW QzkW bR;kfn"kM~xka fu foU;L;AA /;ku%& dY;k.kha deykluLFk&lqHknka
xkSjh?ku';keyke~A foHkwf"krHkwf"krkeHk;nk eknzdS j{kS% 'kqHks%A Jha Ðha Dyha ojeU=jktlfgrkekuUn
iw.kkZfRedke~A Jh'kSys HkzejkfRedkaf'ko;qrka fpUek=ewfrZ HktsAA
ekykeU=%& ¬ Ð% ¬ lkSa ¬ ÐkSa ¬ Jha Ðha Dyha Jh t; t; pf.Mdk pkeq.Ms pf.Mds f=n'k
eqdVq dksfV la?kfVr pj.kkjfoUns xk;f= lkfof= ljLofr efgd`rkHkj.ks HkSjo:iÌkfjf.k izdfVr
na"Vªkxs oz nus ?kksjkuu u;us ToyTokyklgòifjo`rs egkV~Vgklk vkyksfdrfnxUrjs loZ;xq ifjiw.ksdZ ikygLrs
xtkftuksrjh;s Hkwr osrky ifjo`rizdfEir /kjk/kjs e/kq dSVHk efg"kklqj /kweyz kspu p.M eq.M
jächt 'kqEHk fu'kqEHknSR; fud`rs dkyjkf= egkek;s f'kos fuR;s ¬ ,sa Ðha ,sfUnz vkXusf; ;kE;s uS_fr
ok#f.k ok;O;s dkScfs j bZ'kkU;s czã fo".kq f'kofLFkrs f=Hkqou/kjk/kjs okes T;s"Bs jkSfnz vfEcds czkãh
ekgsÜojh dkSekjh oS".koh okjkghUnzk.kh bZ'kkuh egky{eh bfr fLFkrsegksxfz o"kegkfo"kksjxQ.kk;k
eqdVq jRuegk&tokykeyef.k egkfggkj&ckgqdgksrekax uojRu fuf/kdksfVrRocgqftàkok.kh 'kCn&Li'kZ
:ijlxUÌ fLFkfr f{kfr lkgle/; fLFkrs egksTTy egkfo"kki fo"kxU/koZ fo|k/kjkf/kirs ¬ ,sda kjk
¬ Ðhadkjk ¬ Dyhadkjk gLrs ¬ Ðka Ðha ØkSa vuXus·uXus ikrs izo's k; izo's k; ¬ nzka nzha 'kks"k;
'kks"k; ¬ nzka nzha gkse; gkse; ¬ Qzka Qzha nhi; nhi; ¬ CywW CywW lUrki; lUrki; ¬ lkSa lkSa
mUekn; mUekn; ¬ EySa EySa eksg; eksg; ¬ [kka [kka 'kksÌ; 'kks/k; ¬ |ka |ka mUekn; mUekn;
¬ Ðha Ðha vkos'k; vkos'k; ¬ óha óha Nkn; Nkn; ¬ óha óha vkd"kZ; vkd"kZ; ¬ gqW gqW
vkLQksV; vkLQksV; ¬ =wW =Ww =ksV; =ksV; ¬ Nka Nka Nsn; Nsn; ¬ dwW dWw mPpkV; mPpkV;
¬ gWw gWw gugu ¬ Ðha Ðha ekj;ekj; ¬ ?kzha ?kzha ?kz"kZ;?kz"kZ; ¬ óha óha fo/oal; fo/oal; ¬ IywW
IyWw Iyko; Iyko; ¬ Hkzka Hkzka Hkzke; Hkzke; ¬ ezka ezka n'kZ; n'kZ; ¬ nka nka fn'kks cU/k; cU/k;
¬ nha nha cqf)Zuk;Sdkxzfprk fof'k dq# dq# rs gwW x;s ¬ ÐkW Ðha ÐWw ÐSa ÐkSa Ð% ¬ QzkW Qzha QzWw QzaS
QzkS a Qz% ¬ pkeq.Mk;S foPpS LokgkAA ee loZ= euksjFka nsfg loksiZ nzoa fuokj; veqda o'ka dq#dq#
Hkwrizrs fi'kkpczãfi'kkp czãjk{kl ;{k ;enwr 'kkfduh Mkfduh loZnkinkrRdjkfnda uk'k;
uk'k; ekj; ekj; HkŒt; HkŒt; ¬ Ðha Jha Dyha LokgkAA ,oesdfoa'kfr'kra tisrA~ A
JhnqxkZinq)kjLrks=e~%& ueLrs'kj.;s f'koslkuqdEis] ueLrstxn~|kfids foÜo:isA
ueLrstx}U|iknkjfoUns] ueLrs txÙkkfjf.k =kfg nqxAZs A
 ekyk&ea= o egkfo|k gou 40
ueLrstxfPpUR;ekuLo:is] ueLrsegk;ksfx foKku:isA
ueLrs lnkuUnuUnLo:is] ueLrs txÙkkfjf.k =kfg nqxAZs A
vukFkL;nhuL;r`".kkrqjL;] Hk;kÙkZL;HkhrL;o)L;tUrks%A
RoesdkxfrnsfZ ofuLrkjd=hZ] ueLrstxÙkkfjf.k=kfg nqxAZs A
vj.;sj.ksnk#.ks'k=qe/;s] uyslkxjsikz UrjsjktxsgAs
Roesdk xfrnsfZ o fuLrkjgsr]q uZeLrs txÙkkfjf.k =kfg nqxAZas A
vikjsegknqLrjs·R;Ur?kksj]s foiRlkxjseTtrkangs Hkktke~A
RoesdkxfrnsfZ ofuLrkjukSdk] ueLrstxÙkkfjf.k =kfg nqxAZs A
ueÜpf.MdspMnksn.Z Myhyk]leqR[kf.Mrk[k.Myk'ks"k'k=ks%A
RoesdkxfrfoZ?ulUnsggU=h] ueLrstxÙkkfjf.k=kfg nqxAZs A
Roesdklnk·jkfÌrklR;okfn] U;usdk·f[kykØksÌukØksÌfu"BkA
bMkfiaxykRoal"q kqE.kkpukMh] ueLrstxÙkkfjf.k=kfgnqxAZs A
ueksnfs onqxfZs 'ko%Hkheukns] ljLoR;#UÌr;eks?kLo:isA
foHkwfr%lrkadkyjkf= Lo:is] ueLrs txrkfjf.k =kfg nqxAZs A
'kj.kefllqjk.kkafl)fo|kÌjk.kka] eqfunuqtojk.kkaO;kfÌfHk%ihfMrkuke~A
u`ifrx`gxrkuka nL;qfHkókflrkuka] Roefl 'kj.kesdk nsfo nqxZs izlhnAA
egkfo|k&gou%& ¼gou ist 30 ls 36 rd djus ds ckn fuEufyf[kr egkfo|k gou½
¼xwyj ls½ ¬ da LokgkA ¬ dada LokgkA ¼vikekxZ ls½ ¬ [ka LokgkA ¬ [ka[ka LokgkA ¼[kSj
l½s ¬ xa LokgkA ¬ xaxa LokgkA ¼ikdM dh ydMh ls½ ¬ ?ka LokgkA ¬ ?ka?ka LokgkA ¼cjxn
ls½ ¬ Äa LokgkA ¬ ÄaÄa LokgkA ¼ihiy ls½ ¬ pa LokgkA ¬ papa LokgkA ¼iykl ls½ ¬
Na LokgkA ¬ NaNa LokgkA ¼enkj ls½ ¬ ta LokgkA ¬ tata LokgkA ¼vke ls½ ¬ >a LokgkA
¬ >a>a LokgkA ¼dq'kk ls½ ¬ Œka Lokgk ¬ ŒkaŒkaa LokgkA ¼nwc ls½ ¬ Va LokgkA ¬ VaVa LokgkA
¼ekyrh ls½ ¬ Ba LokgkA ¬ BaBa LokgkA ¼osyi= ls½ ¬ Ma LokgkA ¬ MaMa LokgkA ¼enkj
Qwy ls½ ¬ <a LokgkA ¬ <a<a LokgkA ¼iykl Qwy ls½ ¬ .ka LokgkA ¬ .ka.ka LokgkA ¼fry
ls½ ¬ ra LokgkA ¬ rara LokgkA ¼cVd ls½ ¬ Fka LokgkA ¬ FkaFka LokgkA ¼pkoy pw.kZ ls½
¬ na LokgkA ¬ nana LokgkA ¼xsga Ww ds vkVk ls½ ¬ /ka LokgkA ¬ /ka /ka LokgkA ¼ls/a kk ued
ls½ ¬ ua LokgkA ¬ uaua LokgkA ¼mjn]ngh ls½ ¬ ia LokgkA ¬ iaia LokgkA ¼mjn]ngh ls½
¬ Qa LokgkA ¬ QaQa LokgkA ¼ihyh ljlksa ls½ ¬ ca LokgkA ¬ caca LokgkA ¼tkequ dh
ydMh ls½ ¬ Hka LokgkA ¬ HkaHka LokgkA ¼eqygV ls½ ¬ ea LokgkA ¬ eaea LokgkA ¼ngh]mjn
ls½ ¬ ;a LokgkA ¬ ;a;a LokgkA ¼to ls½ ¬ ja LokgkA ¬ jaja LokgkA ¼lsÌa k ued ls½ ¬
ya LokgkA ¬ yaya LokgkA ¼xqXxy ls½ ¬ oa LokgkA ¬ oaoa LokgkA ¼ihyh ljlksa ls½ ¬ 'ka
Lokgk ¬ 'ka'ka Lokgk ¼mjn] ngh ls½ ¬ "ka LokgkA ¬ "ka"kaA ¼fry lls½ ¬ la LokgkA ¬ lala
 41
LokgkA ¼xqM ls½ ¬ ga LokgkA ¬ gaga LokgkA ¼to ls½ ¬ {ka LokgkA ¬ {ka{ka LokgkAA
Jhegky{eh&iwtu%& ladYi%& Yi%&¬ v|sR;kfn0&&ekls&&i{ks&&frFkkS&&okljs&&xks=ksRiUu%&&uke&&
JqfrLe`friqjk.kksDr QykokfIr dkeu;k KkrkKkr dkf;d okfpd ekufld ldy iki fuo`fr
iwodZ a fLFkjy{eh izkIr;s Jh egky{eh izhR;FkZa egky{ehiwtua p dfj";sAA
izfr"Bk%& ¬ eukstfw rtq"Z krkekT;L;c`gLifr;ZKfeearUuksRofj"V;K“lfeeEnÌkrqA fo'osnos kl bg
ekn;Urkeks3 izfr"BA vL;Sikz .kkizfr"BUrq vL;Sikz .kk%{kjUrqpA vL;S nsoRoepkZ;eS kegsfr p d'puA
/;ku%&
/;ku%&;k lk iùkluLFkk foiqydfVrVh iùi=k;rk{khA xEHkhjkorZukfHkLruHkjuferk 'kqHkzoL=ksrs jh;kA
;k y{ehfnZO;:iSefZ .kx.k [kfprS% Lukfirk gsedqEHkS%A lk fuR;a iùgLrk ee olrq x`gs loZeka©Y;;qDrkA
/;ku%& ¬ fgj.;o.kkZgfj.kha lqo.kZjtròtke~A pUnzkfgj.;e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogA ¬
egky{E;S ue% /;kukFksZ iq"ikf.k leiZ;kfeA vkokgu%& ¬ rka e vk og tkrosnks y{eheuixkfeuhe~A
;L;ka fgj.;a foUns;a xke'oa iq#"kkuge~AA ¬ egky{E;Sue% egky{ehvkokgukFksZ iq"ikf.k leiZ;kfeA
vklu%& ¬ v'oiwokZa jFke/;ka gfLrukn izeksfnuhe~A fJ;a nsoheqià;s Jheka nsoh tq"krke~AA ¬
egky{E;S ue% vklukFksZ iq"ia leiZ;kfeA ik|a%& ¬ dka lksfLerka fgj.;izkdkjkeknzkaZ ToyUrha r`Irka
riZ;Urhe~A iùsfLFkrka iùo.kkZ rkfegksià;s fJ;e~A ¬ egky{E;Sue% ikn;ks% ik|aleiZ;kfeA v?;Z%a &
¬ pUnzkia Hz kklka ;'klkToyUrha fJ;a yksds nsotq"Vkeqnkjke~ rka iùuheha 'kj.ka izi|s·s y{ehesZ u';rka
Roka o`.ksA ¬ egky{E;Sue% gLr;ksj?;Zla eiZ;kfeA vkpeu%& ¬ vkfnR;o.ksrZ ilksfs /ktkrks ouLifrLro
o`{kks·s Fk fcYo%A rL; Qykfu rilk uqnUrq ;k vUrjk;k'p ckákvy{eh%A ¬ egky{E;S ue%
vkpeuh;a tya leiZ;kfeA Luku%& eUnkfdU;k% lekuhrSgeZs kEHksk#gokflrS%A Lukua dq#"o nsofs 'k
lfyyS'p lqxfUÌfHk%A ¬ egky{E;S ue% Lukua leiZ;kfeA nqXÌLukua%& dkeÌsuq leqRiUua los"Z kka
thoua ije~A ikoua ;Kgsr'q p i;% LukukFkZefiZre~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% i;%Lukua leiZ;kfeA
nfÌLukua%& Ik;lLrq leqnH~ kwra eÌq jkEya 'kf'kizHke~A n/;kuhra e;k nsfo LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A
¬ egky{E;S ue% nfÌLukua leiZ;kfeA ?k`rLukua%& uouhr leqRiUua loZlra ks"k dkjde~A ?k`ra
rqH;a iznkL;kfe LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% ?k`rLukua leiZ;kfeA eÌqLukua%& r#iq"i
leqörw a lqLoknq e/kqja eÌqA rst% iqf"Vdja fnO;a LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% eÌqLukua
leiZ;kfeaA 'kdZjkLuku%& b{kqlkjleqnH~ kwrk 'kdZjk iqf"VdkfjdkA eyki gkfjdk fnO;k LukukFkZa
izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% 'kdZjkLukua leiZ;kfeA iŒpke`rLuku%& i;ksnfÌ?k`rpa oS eÌq
'kdZj;kfUore~A iŒpke`ra e;kuhra LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;Sue% iŒpke`rLukua leiZ;kfeA
xU
xUÌksksndLuku%& ey;kpylEHkwra pUnukx#lEHkoe~A pUnua nsonsofs 'k LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬
egky{E;Sue% xUÌksndLukua leiZ;kfeA 'kq)ksndLuku%& eUnkfdU;kLrq ;}kfjloZikigja 'kqHke~A
rfnna dfYira rqH;a LukukFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% 'kq)ksnd Lukua leiZ;kfeA oó%&
¬ miSrq eka nsol[k% dhfrZ'p ef.kuklgA izknqHkwrZ ksfs Le jk"Vsfª Leu~ dhfrZef` )a nnkrq esA ¬ egky{E;S
ue% oóa leiZ;kfeA mioóa%& dŒpqdheqioóa p ukukjRuS% lefUore~A x`gk.k Roa e;k nÙka eaxys
 egky{eh&iwtu 42
txnh'ofjA ¬ egky{E;Sue% mioóaleiZ;kfeA eÌqidZ%& dkaL;s dkaL;su fifgrks nfÌ e/okT;
la;rq %A eÌqidksZ e;kuhr% iwtkFkZa izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% eÌqidZa leiZ;kfeA vkHkw"k.k%&
¬ {kqfRiiklkeyka T;s"Bkey{eha uk'k;kE;ge~A vHkwfrele`f)ap lokZa fu.kqnZ es x`gkr~A ¬
egky{E;Sue% ukukfoÌkfu dq.MydVdknhfu vkHkw"k.kkfu leiZ;kfeA xUÌ%& ¬ xUÌ }kjka
nqjkÌ"kkZa fuR;iq"Vka djhf"k.khe~A bZ'ojha loZHkwrkuka rkfegks ià;s fJ;e~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% xUÌa
leiZ;kfeA jDrpUnu%& jDrpUnulfEeJa ikfjtkr leqnHkoe~A e;k nra egkyf{e pUnua
izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% jDrpUnua leiZ;kfeA flUnwj%& flUnwja jDro.kZa p flUnwj fryd
fiz;As HkDR;k nra e;k nsfo flUnwja izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% flUnwja leiZ;kfeA iq"ilkj%&
rSykfu p lqxUÌhfu nzC;kf.k fofoÌkfu pA e;k nrkfu ysikFkZa x`gk.k ijesÜofjA ¬ egky{E;S
ue% lqxfUÌrrSya iq"ilkja p leiZ;kfeA v{kr%& v{krk'p lqjJs"Bs dqda eq kDrk% lq'kksfHkrk%A e;k
fuosfnrk HkDR;k x`gk.k ijesÜofjA egky{E;S ue% v{krku~ ¼/kfu;k½leiZ;kfeA iq"i&iq"iekyk%&
¬ eul% dkeekdwfra okp% lR;e'khefgA Ik'kwuka :ieUuL; ef; Jh% J;rka ;'k%A ¬ egky{E;S
ue% iq"i&iq"iekyk p leiZ;kfeA nwokZ%& fo".okfnloZnos kuka fiz;ka loZl'q kksHkuke~A {khjlkxjlEHkwrs
nwokZa Lohdq: loZnkA egky{E;S ue% nwokZda jq ku~ leiZ;kfeA vax&iwtk%& ¬ piyk;S ue% iknkS
iwt;kfeA ¬ papyk;S ue% tkuquh iwt;kfeA ¬ deyk;S ue% dfVa iwt;kfe A ¬ dkR;k;U;S ue%
ukfHka iwt;kfeA ¬ txUek=S ue% tBja iwt;kfeA ¬ fo'ooYyHkk;S ue% o{k%LFkya iwt;kfeA ¬
deyokflU;S ue% gLrkS iwt;kfeA ¬ iùkuuk;S ue% eq[ka izt;kfeA ¬ deyi=k{;S ue% us==;a
iwt;kfeA ¬ fJ;S ue% f'kj% iwt;kfeA ¬ egky{E;S ue% lokZ³a x~ ;S iwt;kfeA v"Vflf)&iwtu%&
¬ vf.kEus ue% ^iwo*Zs A ¬ efgEus ue% ^vfXudks.ks*A ¬ xfjE.ks ue% ^nf{k.ks*A ¬ yf?kEus ue%
^uS_RZ ;S*A ¬ izkIR;S ue% if'pesA ¬ izkdkE;S ue% ok;O;sA ¬ bZf'krk;S ue% mrjsA ¬ of'krk;Sue%
,s'kkU;ke~A v"Vy{eh&iwtu%& ¬ vk|y{E;S ue%A ¬ fo|ky{E;S ue%A ¬ lkSHkkX;y{E;S ue%A
¬ ve`ry{E;Sue%A ¬ dkey{E;Sue%A ¬ lR;y{E;Sue%A ¬ Hkksxy{E;Sue%A ¬ ;ksxy{E;Sue%A
/kwi%& ¬ dnZeus iztkHkwrk ef; laHko dnZeA fJ;a okl; es dqys ekrja iùekfyuhe~A ¬ egky{E;S
ue% /kwiek?kzki;kfeA nhi%& vki% l`tUrq fLuX/kkfu fpDyhr ol es x`gAs fu p nsoha ekrja fJ;a
okl; es dqyAs ¬ egky{E;Sue% nhia n'kZ;kfeA uSo|s %& vknzkaZ iq"dfj.kha iqf"Va fiaxyka iùekfyuhe~A
pUnzka fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogA ¬ egky{E;Sue% uSo|s a fuosn;kfeA iqu% vkpeuh;a
tyaleiZ;kfeA _rqQy%& Qysu Qfyra loZa =SyksD;a lpjkpje~A rLekr~ Qyiznkusu iw.kkZ% lUrq
euksjFkk%A ¬ egky{E;S ue% v[k.M_rq Qykfu leiZ;kfeA rkEcwy&iwxhQy%& ¬ vknzkaZ ;%
dfj.kha ;f"Va lqo.kkZa gse ekfyuhe~A lw;kZa fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogA ¬ egky{E;S ue%
eq[koklkFksZ rkEcwya leiZ;kfeA nf{k.kk%& ¬ rka e vk og tkrosnks y{eh euixkfeuhe~A ;L;ka
fgj.;a izHkwra xkoks nkL;ks's oku~ foUns;a iq#"kkuge~A ¬ egky{E;S ue% nf{k.kka p leiZ;kfeA
uhjktu%& p{kqnaZ loZyksdkuka frfejL; fuokj.ke~A vkfrZD;a dfYira HkDR;k x`gk.k ijesÜofjA ¬
 43
egky{E;S ue% uhjktue~ leiZ;kfeA iznf{k.kk%& ;kfu dkfu p ikikfu tUekUrjd`rkfu pA rkfu
lokZf.k u';Urq iznf{k.kins insA ¬ egky{E;Sue% iznf{k.kkaleiZ;kfeA izkFkZuk%& lqjklqjUs nzkfnfdjhV
ekSfDrdS;DZq ra lnk;roikniadte~A ijkoja ikrq oja lqexa ya a uekfe HkDR;kf[ky dkeflð;sA Hkokfu
Roka egky{eh% loZdkeiznkf;uhA lqifw trk izlUuk L;kUegkyf{e! ueksLs rq rsA ueLrs loZnos kuka
ojnkfl gfjfiz;As ;k xfrLRoRiziUukuka lk es Hkw;kr~ RonpZukr~A egky{E;S ue% izkFkZukiwodZ e~
ueLdkjaleiZ;kfeA ¼nhokyij Jhx.ks'kk;ue%] LofLrd] 'kqHk&ykHk fy[kuk½ nokr*
fy[kuk½AA ^nokr*
iwtu%& dkfyds! Roa txUekreZfl:is.k orZlAs mRiUuk Roa p yksdkuka O;ogkjizfl);sA ys[kuh&iwtu%&
ys[kuh fufeZrk iwoaZ czã.kk ijesf"BukA yksdkuka p fgrkFkkZ; rLekrka iwt;kE;ge~A iqu% ys[kuhLFkk;S
ue% eU=ls iwtudj iqu% izkFkZukdjsAa 'kkók.kka O;ogkjk.kka fo|kukekIuq;k|r%A vrLRokaitw f;";kfe
ee gLrsfLFkjkHko ^cgh [kkrk* iwtu%& cgh&[kkrsij jksyhls LofLrdcukdj FkSyhesa ikWpa gYnhdh
xkWBa /kfu;k] nzO; j[kukA /;ku%& ;k dqUnsUnqr"q kkjgkj /koyk ;k 'kqHkzoóko`rk] ;k oh.kkojn.Mef.Mrdjk
;k 'osr iùklukA ;k czãkP;qr 'kadjizHk`frfHknsoZ %S lnk ofUnrk] lk eka ikrq ljLorh Hkxorh
fu%'ks"ktkMîkigkA dqcjs &iwtu%& vkokg;kfe nso Rokfegk;kfg d`ika dq#A dks'ka o)Z; fuR;a Roa
ifjj{k lqjÜs ojA iqu%dqcjs k;ue% bl eU=ls iwtkdj fQj izkFkZukdjsAa /kunk; ueLrqH;a fufÌiaxkfÌik;
pA Hkxou~ RoRizlknsu /ku /kU;kfnlEin%AA
vkjrh%& ¬ t; y{eh ekrk eS;k t; y{eh ekrkA rqedks fuflfnu lsor gj&fo".kw /kkrkA ¬AA
mek jek czãk.kh rqe gh tx ekrkA lw;Z pUnzek /;kor ukjn _f"k xkrkA ¬ a AA
nqxkZ:Ik fujatfu lq[k lEifr nkrkA tks dksbZ rqedks /;kor _f/k flf) /ku ikrkA ¬AA
rqe ikrky fuokflfu rqe gh 'kqHknkrkA deZiHz kko izdkf'kfu Hkofuf/kdh =krkA ¬AA
ftl ?kj rqe jgrh rgWa lc ln~x.q k vkrkA lc lEHko gks tkrk eu ufga ?kcjkrkA¬AA
rqe fcu ;K u gksrs oó u gks ikrkA [kku iku dk oSHko lc rqels vkrkA ¬AA
'kqHk xq.k efUnj lqUnj {khjksnf/k tkrkA jRu prqn'Z k rqe fcu dksbZ ufga ikrkA ¬AA
egky{eh th dh vkjfr tks dksbZ uj xkrkA mj vkuUn lekrk iki mrj tkrkA ¬AA
iq"ikatfy%& ¬ ;Ksu&&&&AA ¬ egky{E;S p foùgsfo".kqiRU;S p /khefg rUuks y{eh% izpksn;kr~AA
AA JhlR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku&iwtu AA
/;ku%& ¬ ueksLs RouUrk; lgòewr;Z s lgòiknkf{k f'kjks#ckgosA lgòukEus iq#"kk; 'kk'ors
lgòdksVh ;qx/kkfj.ks ue%A vkokgu%& ¬ a lgò 'kh"kkZ iq#"k% lgòk{k% lgòikr~A lHkwfe
¤loZrLi`RoksR; fr"B n'kkaxyq e~A ¬ JheUukjk;.kk;0A vklu%& ¬ iq#"k ,osn ¤loZ;nHkwrU;Pp
HkkO;;e~A mrk e`rRoL;s 'kkuks;nUusuk frjksgfrA ¬ JheUukjk;.kk;0A ik|%& ¬ ,rk okuL;
efgekrks T;k;kW'a p iw#"k%A iknksLs ; Hkwrkfu f=iknL;k eee`re~ fnfoA ¬ JheUukjk;.kk;0A
v?;Z%a & ¬ f=iknw/oZmnSRiq#"k%iknksLs ;sgkHkoRiqu%A rrksfo"o³+O~ ;ØkeRlk'kuku'kusvfHkA ¬ JheUu0A
vkpeu%& ¬ rrksfojkMtk;rfojktksvf/kiw#"k%A ltkrksvR;fjP;rIk'pkn~HkwfeeFkksijq %A ¬ JheUu0A
 lR;ukjk;.k&iwtk dFkk 44
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HkDR;k lefiZrna os izlhn ijesÜojA ¬ JheUu0A ;Kksiohr%& ¬ rLekn'okvtk;Ur;sdps ksHk;knr%A
xkoksgtfKjsrLekrLekTtkrkvtko;%A ¬ JheUu0A xU/ka%& ¬ ra ;KacfgZf"kizk{S kUiq#"katkrexzr%A
rsunsokv;tUrlk/;k_"k;'p;sA ¬JheUu0A v{kr%& ¬ v{kUuehenUr áofiz;kv/kw"krA vLrks
"krLoHkkuoksfoizkufo"B;kerh;kstkfUoUnzrgs jhA ¬ JheUu0A iq"i%& ¬ bna fo".kqfoZpØes=Ìs kfunÌsine~A
lew<eL;ik¤lqjLs okgkA ¬ JheUu0A rqylhi=%& ¬ ;Riq#"kaO;nÌq% dfr/kkO;dYi;uA eq[kafdeL;k
lhfRdEckgwfdew:iknkmP;srAs ¬ JheUu0A nwokZ%& ¬ dk.MkRdk.MkRizjksgUrh i#"k%i#"kLifjA
,okuksnow iZs rz uqlgòs.k'krsupA ¬ JheUu0A vkHkw"k.k%& ¬ otzekf.kD;oSn;w eZ Dq rkfonzeq ef.Mre~A
iq"ijkxlek;qDra Hkw"k.ka izfrx`º;rke~A ¬ JheUu0A lqxfU/knzO;%& ¬ vfgfjoHkksx%S i;sfZ rckgqET;k;k
gsfrEifjck/keku%A gLr?uksfo'oko;qukfufo}kUiqekUiqek¤laifjikrqfo'or%A ¬ JheUu0A Ìwi%&
¬ czkã.kksLs ; eq[keklhn~ckgwjktU;%d`r%A m:rnL;;}S';%in~H;k¤'kwnkz v s tk;rA ¬ JheUu0A
nhi%& ¬ pUnzekeulks tkr'p{ksk%lw;ksv Z tk;rA Jks=k}k;q'pizk.k'peq[kknfXujtk;rA ¬ JheUu0A
uSo|s %a & ¬ izk.kk;LokgkA ¬ vikuk;LokgkA ¬ O;kuk;LokgkA ¬ mnkuk;LokgkA ¬ lekuk;LokgkA
¬ ukH;kvklhnUrfj{k¤'kh".kks|Z kS% leorZrA in~H;kEHkwfefnZ'k%Jks=krFkkyksdkWv a dYi;uA ¬ JheUu0Aa
_rqQy%& ¬ ;k%Qfyuh;kZvQykviq"ik ;k'p iqf"i.kh%A c`gLifr izlrw kLrkuksepaq URo¤gl%A ¬
JheUu0A rkEcwy%& ¬ ;Riq#"ks.s kgfo"kknsok;KerUorA olUrksLs ;klhnkT;axhz "eb/e%'kj)fo%A ¬
JheUu0A nf{k.kk%& ¬ fgj.;xHkZ%leorZrkxzHs kwrL;tkr%ifrjsd vklhr~A lnkÌkji`fFkoha|keqrs
ekEdLeSnos k;gfo"kkfo/kseA diwjvkjrh%& ¬ vkjkf=ikfFkZo¤jt%firqjizkf;ÌkefHk% fno%lnk¤fl
c`grhfofr"BlvkRos"kaorZrrs e%A ¬ JheUukjk;.kk; ue% diZjw vkjkfrZD;a leiZ;kfeAA
AA lR;ukjk;.kozr&dFkk AA
 45
Hkkjrh; lukru ijEijkesa fdlhHkh ekaxfyd dk;Zdk izkjEHk x.kifr iwtuls ,oa mldk;Zdh
iw.kZrk HkxokulR;ukjk;.kdh dFkkJo.kls le>htkrh gSA lR;ukjk;.kdh dFkkdkmYys[k LdUÌiqjk.kds
jsok[k.Mesa gS] rFkk Hkfo";iqjk.kds izfrlxZioZeas Hkh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh dFkkdk mYys[k feyrk
gSA lR;ukjk;.kdh dFkkdh izflf) dss lkFk vusd 'kadk,sa Hkh blij gksrh jgrh gSAa dbZ yksx
rks ;g Hkh iwNrs gSa fd lk/kq of.kd] dk"BfoØsrk] 'krkuUn czkã.k] mYdkeq[k] rqxa ?ot vkfn
jktkvksa us dksulh dFkk;sa lquh Fkh] vkSj os dFkk;sa dgkWa x;hA bl leUÌ esa ;gh tkuuk pkfg,
fd dFkkds ek?;els ewy lr~&rRo ijekRekdk gh blesa fu:i.k gqvk gSA ftlds fy, xhrkesa
fy[kk gS uklrks fo|rs Hkkoks ukHkkoks fo|rs lr% xhrk ds bu 'kCnksa ls ;g Li"V fd;k x;k
gS fd bl ek;ke; nq%[kn lalkjdh okLrfod lrk gh ugha gSA ijesÜoj gh f=dkykckf/kr lR;
gS vkSj ,dek= ogh Ks;] ?;s;] ,oa mikL; gSA Kku oSjkX; vkSj vuU; HkfDrds }kjk ogh
lk{kkRdkj djusds ;ksX; gSA Hkkxor esa dgk gS%& lR;ozra lR;ija f=lR;a ;R;L; ;ksfua fufgra
p lR;sA lR;L; lR;e`rlR;us=ka lR;kReda Roka 'kj.ka iziUuk%AA
dFkk%& O;kl mokp%& ,dnk uSfe"kkj.;s Ç"k;% ’kkSudkn;% iziPNqeuqZ ;% losZ lwra ikSjkf.kda
[kyqA ozrus rilk fda ok izkI;rs okafNra Qye~A rRloZa Jksrfq ePNke% dFk;Lo egkequAs
,d le; dh ckr gS] uSfe"kkj.; esa 'kkSudkfn Çf"k;ksa us iksjkf.kd Jhlwrth ls fou;iwodZ
iwNk&Hkxou ! lalkjds dY;k.k ds fy, vki ;g crykus dh d`ik djsa fd pkjksa ;qxksa esa dkSu
iwtuh; vkSj dkSu lsouh; gS rFkk dkSu lcds vHkh"B euksjFkksa dks iw.kZ djus okys ga\S ekuo
vuk;kl gh fdl dh vkjk/kuk }kjk viuh eaxye;h dkeuk dks izkIr dj ldrk gS\ czãu~
vki ,sls lR; mik; dks cryk;sa tks euq";ksa dh dhfrZ dks cMkus okyk gks A 'kkSudkfn Çf"k;ksa
}kjk bl izdkj iwNs tkus ij Jhlwrth Hkxoku dh izkFkZuk djus yxs& uokEHkkstus=ka jekdsfy
ik=a prqckZgpq kehdja pk#xk=e~] txR=k.kgsraq fjikS Ìwed z rs aq lnk lR;ukjk;.ka LrkSfensoe~A
lwr mokp%& dfydyq"kfouk'ka dkeflf)izdk'ka lqjojeq[kHkkla Hkwljq .s k izdk'ke~A focqÌcqfÌ
foykla lkÌqp;kZfo'ks"ka u`ifrojpfj=a Hkks% 'k`.kq"osfrgkle~A ;g ifo= vk[;ku dfy;qxds
lEiw.kZ ikiksa dk fouk'k djus okyk] dkeukvksa dks iw.kZ djus okyk] nsorkvks}a kjk vkHkkflr]
czkã.kks}kjk izdkf'kr] fo}kuksda ks vkufUnr djusokyk rFkk fo'ks"k:ils lRlaxdh ppkZLZ o:i gSA
Çf"k;ks! ,dnk ukjnks ;ksxh ijkuqxgz dka{k;k i;ZVfUofo/kkWYa yksdkUeR;Zyksdk eqikxr%A
,d le; ;ksxh nsof"kZ ukjnth lcds dY;k.kdh dkeukls fofo/k yksdksa esa Hkze.k djrs gq, bl
e`R;q yksd esa vk;sA ;gkWa mUgksus ns[kk fd vius vius fd;s x;s deksZ ds vuqlkj lalkj ds izk.kh
ukuk izdkj ds Dys'kksa ,oa nq%[kksla s nq%[kh gSa vkSj fofoÌ vkfÌ vkSj O;kfÌ ls xzLr gSAa ;g ns[kdj
mUgksus lskpk fd dkSulk ,slk mik; gS] ftlls bu izkf.k;ksa ds nq%[kdk uk'k gksA ,slk fopkj
dj os fo".kq yksd pys x;sA ogkW mUgksus 'ka[k] pdz]xnk] iù] vkSj ouekyk ls vyadr` Hkxoku
ukjk;.k ds n'kZudj mudh bl izdkj Lrqfr djus yxs& ueksok³~euLkrhr :i;kuar’kä;s]vkfn
 lR;ukjk;.k&dFkk 46
e/;karghuk; fuxZq.kk; xq.kkReus losZ"kkekfnHkwrk; HkäkukekfrZukf’kusA ok.kh vkSj eu ls
ftudk Lo:i ijs gS vkSj tks vuUr 'kfDrlEiUu gS]a vkfn e?; vkSj vUrls jfgr gSa ,sls egku~
vkRek fuxq.Z kLo:i vki ijekRek dks esjk ueLdkj gSA gsvkfniq#"k yksdksidkj ijk;.k] loZ=
O;kIr] riksefw rZ vkidks esjk ckj&ckj ueLdkj gSA
nsof"kZ ukjn dh Lrqfr lqudj Hkxoku fo".kq cksy&s fdeFkZekxrks·fl Roa fdars eufl
orZrs dFkk;Lo egkHkkx rRloZa dFkk;fersA gs nso"ksZ vki fdl dkj.k ;gkW vk;s gS\a vkids
eu esa dkSulh fpUrk gS\ egkHkkx! vki lHkh ckrsa crk;sAa eSa mu lHkh dk ljy mik; crkmaxkAA
ukjnthus dgk& gs izHkks! eR;Zyksdstuk% loZs ukukDys’klefUork% ukuk;ksfuleqRiUuk%
iP;Urs ikideZfHk%A vFkkZr yksdksa esa Hkze.k djrk gqvk esa e`R;q yksd esa x;k Fkk] ogka esua as ns[kkfd
lalkj ds lHkh izk.kh vusd izdkj ds Dys'k rkiksa ls nq%[kh gS]a vusd jksxksa ls xzLr gSa mudh oSlh
nqn'Z kk ns[kdj esjs eu esa cMk d"V gqvk vkSj eSa lkspus yxk fd fdl mik; ls bu nq%[kh izkf.k;ksa
dk m)kj gksxk\ Hkxou! muds dY;k.k ds fy, vki dksbZ Js"B vkSj lqxe mik; crkus dh
d`ik djsa A ukjnth ds bu opuksa dks lqudj Hkxoku ukjk;.k us mudk vfHkuUnu fd;k vkSj
dgk&ukjnth ftl fo"k; esa vkitks iwN jgs gSa mlds fy;s eSa vkidks ,d lukru ozr crykrk
gWwA lR;ukjk;.kL;Soa ozralE;fXoÌkur% d`Rokl|% lqq[ka HkqDRok ij= eks{kekIuq;krA
Hkxoku ukjk;.k lR;;qx vkSj =srk;qx esa fo".kqLo:iesa Qy iznku djrs gSa vkSj }kij esa vusd
:i /kkj.k dj Qy nsrs s gSa ijUrq dfy;qx esa loZO;kid Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k gh izR;{k Qy nsrs
gSAa D;ksfa d /keZ ds pkj ikn gSa &lR;]'kkSp]ri] vkSj nku A buesa lR; gh iz/kku /keZ gSA lR;
ij gh yksd dk O;ogkj fVdk gS vkSj lR; esa gh czã izfrf"Br gS] blfy, lR;Lo:i Hkxoku
lR;ukjk;.k dk ozr ije Js"B gSAA ukjnthus iqu% iwNk&gs d`iklkxj lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtkdk Qy
o bldh fof/k D;k gS\ lHkh ckrsa vuqxgz iwodZ eq{ks crk;sAa A
JhHkxokuth cksy&s gs ukjn lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtkdk Qy ,oa fof/k prqe[Zq k czãk Hkh crykus
esa leFkZ ugha gS]a fdUrq la{ksiesa esaS crykjgk gWAw vki lqu&s nq%[k’kksdkfn’keua ÌuÌkU;izo/kZue~
lkSHkkX;lUrfrdja loZ=fot;izneA lR;ukjk;.k ozr ,oa iwtkls fuÌZuO;fDr Ìuk<;] iq=ghu
O;fDr iq=oku] jkT;P;qr O;fDr jkT; izkIr djrk gSA n`f"Vghu O;fDr n`f"VlEiUu gks tkrk gSAa
cUnh O;fDr cU/kueqDr gks tkrk gSA rFkk Hk;krZ O;fDr fuHkZ; gks tkrk gSA vf/kd D;k\ O;fDr
ftl&ftl oLrqdh bPNk djrk gS mls og lc izkIr gks tkrh gSA bl lR;ukjk;.k ozr djus
okys ozrh dks pkfg, fd og izkr% Lukudj ifo= gks gkFk esa rqylh eatjh dks ysdj Jhgfj dk
bl izdkj ?;ku djs& djksfe rs ozra nso lk;adkys RonpZue~A JqRok xkFkka Ronh;ka fg izlkna
rs HktkE;ge~AA bl izdkj euesa ladYidj lk;adky esa fof/kiwodZ Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk
djuh pkfg,A iwtkesa ikWpa dy'k] dnyh&LrEHk vkSjs canuokj yxkus pkfg,A Lo.kZef.Mr
Hkxoku 'kkyxzkedks iq:"klwDr }kjk iapke`r vkfn ls HkyhHkkWfr Luku djkdj pUnu vkfn
 47
vusd mipkjksa ls iwtkdj bl ea= ls iz.kke djuk pkfg,A ueks Hkxors fuR;a lR;nsok;
ÌhefgA prq%inkFkZnk=ks p ueLrqH;a ueks ue% AA bl ea= dk ;Fkk'kfDr ti rFkk gou Hkh
djuk pkfg, A fQj Hkxokudh dFkk lquuh pkfg,A vkSj dFkk ds ckn Hkxoku ds izlkndks
vkpk;Zdks dqVEq cdks] Jksrkvksda ks] rFkk vius vki xzg.k djsAa fQj czkã.kksda ks Hkkstu djkdj Lo;a
Hkh Hkkstu djsa A gs nso"ksZ bl fof/kls lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk djuh pkfg,A
rc ukjnthus dgk&Hkxou vktgh vkidh vkKkls Hkwe.Myij bl lR;ozrdks izfrf"Br
d:Wxk A ;gdgdj ukjnth i`Fohij ozrdk izpkj djus pysx;sAA lR;ukjk;.k Hkxokudh t;AA
AA lR;ukjk;.kozr&dFkkesa 'krkuUn czkã.kdh dFkkAA
lwr mokp%& Çf"k;ks ! nsof"kZ ukjn }kjk ftl izdkj bl ozrdk izpkj fd;k x;k] vc eSa ml
dFkkdks dgrk gWw A vki yksx lqus &yksdizfl} dk'khuxjhesa ,d Js"B fo}ku czkã.k jgrs Fks]
os fo".kqorz ikjk;.k Fks] os x`gLFk Fks] nhu Fks] rFkk L=h&iq=oku FksA os fHk{kko`frls viuk thou
;kiu djrs Fks mudk uke 'krkuUn Fkk A ,dckj tc ;s fHk{kk ekWxus tkjgs Fks rks budks jkLrseas
Jhgfjgh o`) czkã.kds :iesa feys] czkã.kos"k/kjh Jhgfjus 'krkuUnth ls iwNk& fdeFkZa Hkzelsfoiz
eghafuR;a lqn%q f[kr% rRloZa Jksrfq ePNkfe dF;rka f}tlre%A gs f}tJs"B vki fdlfuferls
vkSj dgkW tkjgs gSAa 'krkuUnth cksy&s czkã.kks·fr nfjnzk·s ga fHk{kkFka oS Hkzes egheA gs lksE;!
vius iq=&dy=kfnds Hkj.k&iks"k.kds fy;s /ku ;kpukdh dkeukls /kfudksa dh cLrhesa tkjgk gWAaw
Jhgfj cksy&s lR;ukjk;.kks fo".kqokZfa NrkFkZQyizn%A rL;Roaitw ua foiz dq#"o ozreqree~A
gs f}t! fu/kZurkds dkj.k vkius tks ;s fHk{kko`frviukj[kh gS] bldh fuo`frds fy, lR;ukjk;.k
ozr dfy;qx esa loksrZ e mik; gSA blfy, vki esjs dgus ls deyus= Hkxoku JhlR;ukjk;.kth
ds pj.kksda h 'kj.k xzg.k djsa ] blls nkfjnz;]'kksd vkSj lHkh larkiksda k fouk'k gksrk gS vkSj eks{k
Hkh izkIr gksrk gSA czkã.kos"s k/kkjh Hkxokuds bu opuksdks lqudj 'krkuUn cksy&s ;s lR;ukjk;.k
dksu gSa czkã.k:i/kkjh Hkxoku cksy&s ukuk:i /kkj.k djus okys] lR;ozr] loZ= O;kIr jgus okys
rFkk fujŒtu os nso bl le; foizdk :i /kkj.kdj rqEgkjs lkeus vk;s gSAa egku nq%[k:ih lalkj
lkxj esa iMs gq, izkf.k;ksa dks rkjus ds fy, Hkxoku ds pj.k uksdk:i gSAa tks cqf)eku O;fDr
gSa os Hkxokudh 'kj.k tkrs gS]a fdarq fo"k;ksa esa O;kIr O;fDr Hkxokudh 'kj.k u tkdj blh lalkj
lkxjesa iMs jgrs gSAa dgk Hkh gS%& nq%[kksnf/kfueXukuka rjf.kÜpj.kkS gjs%A dq'kyk%'kj.ka;kfUr
usrjs fo"k;kfRedk%A blfy, gs f}t! lalkjds dY;k.kdsfy, fofo/kmipkjksla s Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k
nsodh iwtk]vkjk/kuk] rFkk ?;ku djrs gq, rqe bl ozrdks izdk'kesa ykvksA foiz:iÌkjh Hkxoku
ds ,slk dgrs gh ml czkã.k 'krkuUnus es?kksa ds leku uhyo.kZ] lqUnj pkj Hkqtkvksa okys 'ka[k]
pØ]xnk rFkk iù fy, gq, ihrkEcj/kkjh Hkxoku ukjk;.k ds n'kZu fd;sA Hkxokudh ok.kh lquus]
izR;{k n'kZu djusls foiz 'krkuUndk vax iqyfdr gks x;k vkSj vkW[kksa esa izes kJq Hkj vk;sA og
Hkwfeij fxjdj Hkxoku dks lk"V~kxa iz.kkedj xnxn ok.khes Lrqfr djus yxkA iz.kekfe
 lR;ukjk;.k&dFkk 48
txUukFka txRdkj.kdkj.ke~A vukFkukFka f'kona 'kj.;eu?ka 'kfpe~A vO;Dra O;Drrka
;kra rki=;foekspue~A ue% lR;ukjk;.kk;kL; d=sZ ue% 'kq)lRok; foÜoL; Hk=sZA
djkyk; dkyk; foÜoL; g=sZ ueLrs txUeaxyk;kReewrAZs A gs yksdukFk ! gs jekirs ! fdl
fofÌls Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdk iwtu djuk pkfg,] foHkks! d`ikdj mls Hkh vki crk;sa A Hkxoku
ukjk;.k eÌqj ok.kh esa cksy&s foizUs nz ! bl ozrdh fof/k dks lquks&vHkh"V dkeuk dh flf)ds fy;s
iwtkdh lkexzh ,d=dj fof/kiwodZ Hkxokudh iwtk djuh pkfg;sA loklsj xks/kwe&pw.kZ esa nw/k vkSj
'kDdj feykdj ?k`rls ;qDrdj gfjdks fuosfnr djuk pkfg;sA iŒpke`r }kjk Hkxoku 'kkfyxzke
dks Luku djkdj xU/k] iq"i] Ìwi] nhi] uSo|s rFkk rkEcwykfn mipkjksa ls eaU=kas }kjk vpZuk djuh
pkfg;s] rFkk fofoÌ izdkjds Hk{; HkksT; inkFkks]Z fe"Bkuks]a Qyksa rFkk Qwyksa ls HkfDriwodZ iwtu
djuk pkfg;s A fQj czkã.kks }kjk esjs h dFkk jktk pUnzpMw ] Hkhyksda h] vkSj of.kd lkÌq dh dFkk
vknjiwodZ Jo.k djuh pkfg;sA dFkk ds vuUrj HkfDriwodZ lR;nsodks iz.kkedj izlkn forj.k
djuk pkfg;s] rnuUrj Hkkstu djuk pkfg,A esjh izlUurk nzO;kfn ls ugha vfirq J)k&HkfDr
ls gksrh gSA foisUnz bl izdkj tks fof/kiwodZ iwtkdjrs gS]a os iq=&ikS= rFkk /ku lEifr ls iw.kZ
gksdj vUresa esjs k lkafu?; izkIr djrs gSa A ozrh tks tks dkeuk djrk gS mls vo';gh izkIr gksrk
gSA bruk dgdj Hkxoku vUr/;kZu gks x;s] vkSj os czkã.kHkh izlUu gks eu gh eu mUgsa
iz.kkedj fHk{kkds fy, uxj dh vksj py fn;sA vkSjs euesa ;g fu'p;dj fy;k fd vkt eq{ks
tks Hkh /ku izkIr gksxk mls eSa lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk d:Wxa kA rfLeUuso fnus foiz% izpjq a
nzO;ekIrokuA rsuoS cU/kqfHk% lk/kZa lR;L; ozrekpjrAA ml fnu vuk;kl gh fcuk ekWxa s
gh mUgsa izpjq Ìu feyk] vkSj os vk'p;Zpfdr gks vius ?kj vk;s vkSj lkjk o`rkUr viuh
ÌeZiRuhdks crk;kA mudh iRuhus Hkh lR;ukjk;.k ozr dk vuqeksnudj ifrdh vkKkls cktkjls
iwtk dh lkjh lkexzh ys vk;h] rFkk vius lHkh cU/kqckU/koksa dks] iMksfl;sk dks lR;ukjk;.k iwtkesa
lfEefyr gksus rFkk dFkk lquusds fy, cqyk fy;kA fQj 'krkuUnthus lR;ukjk;.kHkxokudh iwtk
dhA dFkkdh lekfIr ij izlUugksdj Hkxoku ukjk;.knso izdV gks x;sA mudk n'kZudj czkã.k
'krkuUn cksy&s ÌU;ks·LE;| d`rh /kU;ks Hkoks·| lQyks eeA okÄ~euks·xkspjks ;LRoa ee
izR;{kekxr%A fn"Vafda o.kZ;kE;kgks utkus dL;ok Qye~A fØ;kghuL; eUnL; nsgks·;a
Qyoku~ d`r%AA gs izHkks ! vkt eSa /kU; gks x;k] tks vkidk eq{ks izR;{k n'kZu gqvkA u tkus
esjs fdliq.;deZ dk ;g Qy Fkk] tks eq{ks vkids n'kZu gq,A vkius bl eUncqf)ds 'kjhj dks
lQy dj fn;kAA
dFkkesa vk;s gq, lHkh yksx vR;Ur fofLer gks n.Mor iz.kkedj ;g czkã.k /kU; gS] ÌU;
gS bl izdkj dgrs gq, vius vius ?kj pys x;s A rHkh ls yksd esa ;g izpkj gks x;k fd Hkxoku
lR;ukjk;.kdk ozr lHkh dkeukvksda h flf) iznku djus okyk] o Hkksxeks{kdks nsus okyk gSAA
AA cksyks lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku dh t;AA Jheu~ ukjk;.k ukjk;.k gjh gjh&&&&AA
 49
AA lR;ukjk;.k&dFkkesa jktk pUnzzpwMdk vk[;kuAA
lwrth dgrs gS%a & Çf"k;ksa ! izkz phudkyesas dsnkj[k.Mds ef.kiwjd uked uxjesa pUnzpMw uked ,d
ÌkfeZd rFkk iztkoRly jktk jgrss FksA os vR;Ur 'kkUr LoHkko FksA izdf` r rFkk Hkxoku ukjk;.k
ds HkDr FksA foUÌns'kds EysPNx.k muds 'k=q gks x;sA ml jktkdk mu EysPNksla s vóks&a 'kóksla s
Hk;kud ;q) gqvkA ml ;q) q esa jktk pUnzpMw dh prqjfa x.khlsuk vf/kd u"V gqb]Z dwV ;q)esa fuiq.k
EysPNksda h lsukdh Nfr cgqr de gqbZ A ;q)esa nEHkh EysPNksla s ijkLr gksdj jktk viuk jk"Vª
NksMdj vdsys gh ouesas pys x;s A rhFkkZVuds cgkus os ?kwers gq, dk'kh igqpW ]s ogkWa mUgksus ns[kk
?kj&?kj lR;ukjk;.kthdh iwtk gksjgh gS] vkSj ;g dk'khuxjh }kjdkds leku HkO; ,oa le`)
'kkyh fn[k jgh gSAA ogkWdh le`f) ns[kdj jktk fofLer gks x;s vkSj mUgksus czkã.k 'krkuUn
}kjkdh x;h lR;ukjk;.kdh izflf)Hkh lquh] ftlds vuqlj.kls lHkh 'khy ,oa /keZeas Le`) gks
x;s FksA jktk pUnzpMw Hkh czkã.k 'krkuUnds ikl igqpW s vkSj muds pj.kskea as fxjdj lR;ukjk;.kth
dh iwtk dh fof/k iwNh rFkk vius jkT; Hkz"V gksuds h ckr Hkh dgh vkSj dgk &czãu~ ! y{ehifr
Hkxoku tukZnu ftlozrls izlUu gksrs gS]a ikids uk'k djusokys mlozrdks crkdj vkiesjk Hkh
m)kj djsa 'krkuUnth us dgk& jktu~! Jhifr Hkxokudks izlUudjus okyk lR;ukjk;.k uked
Js"Bozr gSA tks leLr nq%[k 'kksdkfndk 'kked gSA Ìu&/kkU;dk izo/kZd gSA lkSHkkX; vkSj larfrdk
iznkrk rFkk loZ= fot;&iznk;d gSA fdlhHkh fnu iznks"kdkyesa Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dk iwtudk
vk;kstu djuk pkfg,A dnyhnyds LrEHkksa ls ef.Mr rksj.kksla s vyadr` ,d e.Midh jpukdj
ikWpa dy'kksda h LFkkiukdj ikWpa ?otk,Wa Hkh yxkuh pkfg,] czkã.k }kjk e.Mids e?;esa osnhdh
jpuk djok;s]a mlds mij Lo.kZls fufeZr 'kkyxzke dks LFkkfir dj izes &HkfDr iwodZ pUnu]iq"ikfnls
mudh iwtk djs]a rFkk Hkxokudk ?;kudjrs gq, Hkwfeij 'k;udjrsg,q jk=hs O;rhrdjsAa ;g lqudj
jktk pUnzpMw us dk'khesa gh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kth dh 'kh?kz gh iwtk dh] izlUu gksdj jk=hesa gh
Hkxokuus jktkdks ,d mre ryokj iznkudh 'k=qvksda ks u"Vdjuh okyh ryokj izkIrdj jktk
czkã.kJs"B 'krkuUndks iz.kkedj vius uxjesa vk x;s rFkk N% gtkj EysPN nL;qvksa dks ekjdj
vikj /ku izkIr fd;k vkSj ueZnkds rVij iqu% Jhgfj dh iwtkdhA os jktk izR;sd ekl dh
iwf.kZek dks Hkxoku lR;nsodh iwtk djus yxsA mlozrds izHkkols os yk[kksa xzkeksa ds vf/kifr gks
x;s] rFkk mUgksus lkB lkyrd jkT;dj vUresa fo".kqyksd dks izkIr fd;kA
AA cksyks lR;ukjk;.k Hkxokudh t;AA Jheu~ ukjk;.k ukjk;.k gjh gjh&&&&&AA
AA lR;ukjk;.k&ozrds izlxa esa ydMgkjksda h dFkk AA
lwrth cksy&s Çf"k;ks ! vc lR;ukjk;.k ozrdss vkpj.k ls d`r&d`R; gq, ydMgkjksas dh dFkk lquksA
,dle;dh ckr gS dqN fu"kkn x.k ouls ydfM;kWa dkVdj dk'khesa ydMh cspus vk;s] muesla s
,d cgqr I;klk ydMgkjk fo".kqnkl 'krkuUnthds vkJeesa vk;kA ogkWa mlus ty fi;k vkSj
ns[kkfd czkã.kyksx Hkxokudk iwtudjjgsa gSAa fHk{kqd 'krkuUndk oSHko ns[kdj og pfdrgks x;k
 lR;ukjk;.k&dFkk 50
vkSj lkspus yxk& brus nfjnz czkã.kds ikl ;g vikj oSHko dgkWla s izkIr gqvkA blsrks eSuas
vfdapu gh ns[kk FkkA vkt ;g bruk egku /kuh dSls gks x;k\ blij mlus iwNk&egkjkt !
vkidks ;g ,sÜo;Z dgkWa ls izkIr gqvk] vkidks fuÌZurkls eqfDr dSls feyh \ ;g crkus dk d"V
djs]a eSa lquuk pkgrk gWAaw foizkos kp& lR;ukjk;.kL;sna ozra losfZ Ilrizne~A rL; izlknkUes loZa
/ku/kkU;kfnda egr~AA 'krkuUnth us dgk& HkkbZ ;g lc lR;ukjk;.kdh vkjk/kuk dk Qy gS]
mudh vkjk/kukls D;k ugha gksrk] mudh vuqdEikds fcuk fdafpr Hkh lq[k izkIr ugha gksrkA
fu"kknus muls iwNk& egkjkt lR;ukjk;.k Hkxokudk D;k ekgkRE; gS \ bl ozrdh fof/k D;k
gS \ vki mudh iwtkds lHkh mipkjksda k o.kZu djs]a D;ksfa d midkj ijk;.k lar egkRek vius
ân;es lcds fy, lekuHkko j[krs gS]a fdlhls dksbZ dY;k.kdkjh ckr ugha NqikrsA dgk Hkh gS
fd& lk/kwuka lefprkukeqidkjorka lrke~A u xksI;a fo|rs fdafpnkrkZ ukekfrZuk'kue~AA
'krkuUnth cksys &gs ydMgkjks ! lquks dsnkj{ks=ds ef.kiwjd uxjesa jgusokys jktk pUnzpMw esjs
vkJeesas vk;s] vkSj mUgksua s eq{kls Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k ozr dFkkdss fo/kku dks iwNkA gs fu"kkniq=ks
! blij esua s tks mUgsa crk;k Fkk] mls rqe Hkh lquksA ldke vFkok fu"dke Hkkolss fdlhHkh izdkj
Hkxoku dh iwtkdk euesa ladYidj loklsj xksÌew ds pw.kZdks e/kq rFkk lqxfU/kr ?k`rls laLd`rdj
uSos |s ds :iesa Hkxokudks viZ.k djuk pkfg,A rFkk Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k ¼'kkyxzke½dks iŒpke`rls
LukudjkdjpUnu] nf/k] nqX/k] ÇrqQy] iq"i] /kwi] nhi rFkk uSo|s vkfnls HkfDriwodZ Hkxokudh
iwtk djuh pkfg;sA ;fn oSHs ko jgs rks vf/kd mRlkgls lekjksg djuk pkfg;sA fdUrq ;kn jgs
Hkxoku ftrus HkfDr fo'okl ls izlUu gksrs gSa mrus foiqy nzO;ksa ls izlUu ugha gksrAs Hkxoku
leLr foÜo ds Lokeh o vkIrdke gSAa mUgsa fdlh oLrq dh vko';drk ugha] vfirq J)k }kjk
vfiZrdh gqbZ oLrqos xzg.k djrs gSAa dgkgS& nq;ksÌZ ud`rkaR;DRok jktiwtka tuknZu%A fonqjL;kJes
oklekfrF;a tx`gsfoHkq%AA lqnkELraMqyd.kk tX?ok ekuq";nqyZHkk%A lEinks·nk)fj% izhR;k
HkfDrek=eis{;rsAA xksiksx`Ìs of.kXO;k/ksguqeku~lfoHkh"k.k%A fu"kknjkt esjhckr lqudj
jktkpUnzpMw us Hkh iwtk&lkexzhdks ,d=dj vknj iwodZ Hkxokudh iwtkdh] QyLo:iviuk u"V
gqvk jkT; o nzO; izkIrdj vktHkh vkufUnr ls jg jgs gSa A blfy, rqe Hkh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k
dh mikluk djks] vkSj bl yskdesa lq[k izkIrdj vUresa Hkxoku fo".kqdk lkfu?; izkIr djksxAs
;g lqudj fu"kkn d`r d`R; gks x;k] foizJ"s B 'krkuUn dks iz.kkedj vius?kj tkdj mlus vius
lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh gfj lsokdk ekgkRE; crk;kA rc muyksxksua s Hkh J)kiwodZ izfrKkdh fd vkt
ydMhdks cspdj geyksxksda ks tks Hkh Ìu izkIr gksxk] mlls vius cUÌq ckU/koksa ds lkFk J)kiwodZ
ge Hkh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk djsxa Aas ml fnu mUgsa ydMh cspus es ifgys dh vis{kk
pksxuq k/ku izkIrgqvk A ;gckr mUgksus viuh fó;ksda ks Hkh crk;h A fQjlcus feydj vkuUniwodZ
Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtkdh dFkkJo.k dh rFkk HkfDriwodZ Hkxokuds izlkndks forfjrdj
Lo;aHkh xzg.k fd;kA iwtkds izHkkols fu"kknx.kksua s ;Fks"V Hkksxksda k miHkksxdj vUresa os lHkh
 51
;ksxhtuksa dks Hkh nqyHZ k oS".ko /kkedks izkIr fd;kAA
AA cksyks lR;ukjk;.k Hkxokudh t;AA Jheu~ ukjk;.k ukjk;.k gjh gjhA
AA lR;ukjk;.k&ozr izlxa esa lk/kq of.kd~ ,oa tkekrkdh dFkk AA
lwrth cksy&s Çf"k;ks vc eSa ,d lk/kq of.kddh dFkk dgrk gWaw lquks& iqjk mYdkeq[kks uke
u`iÜpklhUegkefr%A ftrsfUnz;% lR;oknh ;;kS nsoky;a izfrA Hkk;kZrL; izeqX/kk p
ljkstonuk lrhA Hknz’khyk unh rhjs lR;L; ozrekpjr~A ,rfLeUuUrjs r= lk/kqjsd%
lekxr%A n`"V~ok l ozfrua Hkwia izi{N fou;kfUor%A ,dckj Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dk HkDr
ef.kiwjddk jktk pUnzpMw viuh iztkds lkFk Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk dj jgk Fkk] mlh
le; jRuiqj fuoklh egk/kfud lk/kq of.kd viuh ukSdkdks /kuls ifjiw.kZdj unhrVls ;k=k
djrk gqvk ogkWa vk igqpaW k] ogkWa mlus vusd xzkeokfl;ksa lfgr ef.k eqDrkls ;qDr iwtu e.Mi
dks ns[kk] rFkk xhr ok| rFkk osn?ofu Hkh mls lquk;h nhA mlus vius ukfod dks vkKk nh]
ukodks ;gha jksd nksA eSas ;gkWa ds vk;kstu dks ns[kuk pkgrk gWAaw ukfod us oSlk gh fd;k] mlus
ukols mrjdj yksxksa ls tkudkjh izkIrdj lR;ukjk;.k Hkxokuds dFkk e.Mi esa x;kA rFkk ogkWa
mlus mu lHkhls iwNk&egk'k; ! vkiyksx ;g dkSulk iq.;deZ dj jgs gSa &blij mu yksxksa us
dgk] iwtua fØ;rs lk/kks fo".kksjrqyrstl%A ozra p LotuS% lk/kZa iq=k|k okfIrdkE;;kA
geyksx vius ekuuh; jktk ds lkFk Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtkdj jgs gSAa Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh
iwtkls euq"; lHkh dkeukvksa dks izkIr djrk gSA ;g lqudj lk/kq of.kdus n.Mor iz.kkedj
eekfi lUrfrukZfLr ásrLekTtk;rs /kqoz eA Hkxou~! eSa larfrghu gWaw ] vr% esjk lkjk
dgk&eekfi
,sÜo;Z o m|e lHkh O;FkZ gS] gs d`iklkxj ! ;fn vkidh d`ikls eSa lUrku izkIr d:Wxk rks
Lo.kZe;h irkdk cukdj vkidh iwtk d:WxkA blij lHkklnksus dgk& rFkkLrq vkidh dkeuk
iw.kZ gksA rnuUrj mlus Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k o lHkklnks dks iz.kkedj izlkn xzg.k fd;k vkSj
ân;ls Hkxokudk fpUru djrk gqvk vius ?kj pyk x;kA ;g lkjk o`rkUr ?kj vkdj mlus
viuh iRuh yhykorh ls dgk] Hkk;kZ;S dfFkra loZa ozra larfrnk;de~A rnk ozra dfj";kfe
;nk es larfrHkZors A~ bfr yhykorha izkg iRuha lk/kq% l lre%A ,dfLefUnols rL;Hkk;kZ
yhykorh lrhA xfHkZ.kh lHkorL; Hkk;kZ lR;izlz knr%A mldh ifrozrk iRuh yhykorh us
mldh fL=;ksfpr lsok dhA Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dh d`ikls le; vkus ij cU/kq ckU/koksa dks
vkufUnr djusokyh mls ,d dU;k izkIr gqbZ A blls lk/kq of.kd vR;f/kd izlUu gqvk vkSj
ml le; mlus i;kZIr /kudk nku fd;kA osnK czkã.kksa }kjk dU;kds tkrdeZ vkfn eaxyd`R;
lEiUu fd;sA ckfydkdh tUedq.Myh cuokdj mldk uke dykorh j[kkA dykfufÌ pUnzekdh
dyk dh rjg dykorh fuR; cMus yxhA izfrlxZoxZ esa dgk gS fd & v"Vo"kkZ Hkosnx~ kSjh
uoo"kkZ p jksfg.khA n'ko"kkZ Hkosr~ dU;k rr% izk<S k jtLoykAA le;kuqlkj dykorh Hkh
c<rs c<rs fookg ds ;ksX; gks x;h A mldk firk dykorh dks fookg ds ;ksX; tkudj mlds
 lR;ukjk;.k&dFkk 52
lEcU/kdh fpUrk djus yxkA dkapuiqj uxjesa ,d 'ka[kifr uked of.kd jgrk FkkA og dqyhu]
:ioku] lEifr'kkyh 'khy vkSj mnkjrk vkfn xq.kksa ls lEiUu FkkA viuh iq=hds ;ksX; ml ojdks
ns[kdj lk/kqof.kd us 'ka[kifrdk oj.k dj fy;k] 'kqHk yXu esa ekaxfyd mipkjksa ds lkFk vfXuds
lkfu?;esa ;Fkkfof/k dU;k mls iznku dj nhA lkFk gh ef.k eksrh eWxaw k oL=k·Hkw"k.k vkfn viuh
iq=h o tkekrk dks iznku fd;sA lk/kq of.kd us iq= ds leku gh mls vius ?kj esa j[kk] rFkk
mlus Hkh firk ds leku gh lk/kq of.kd dk vknj fd;kA blizdkj cgqr le; chr x;kA ysfdu
lk/kqoq f.kd us tks ladYi fy;k Fkk] fd eSa larku izkIr gksus ij Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk
d:Wxk] og bl ckr dks Hkwy gh x;kA dqN fnuksckn og O;kikj ds fufer vius tkekrk ds
lkFk lqnjw ueZnkds nf{k.k rVij x;k] vkSj ogkWa O;kikjfujr gksdj cgqr fnuks rd BgjkA ogkW
Hkh mlus lR;nso dh fdlh izdkj mikluk ugha dhA ifj.kkeLo:i Hkxokuds izdksidk
Hkktucudj og vusd ladVksals xzLr gks x;kA ,dfLefUnols jkKkÌueknk; rLdj%A
r=Sopkxr’pkSjks of.ktkS ;= lafLFkrkSA rrks nwr% lek;krk ;=kLrs lTtuks of.kdA
n`"V~ok u`i/kua r= cn~/ck·uhrkS of.kDlqrkSA g"ksZ.k /kkoekukÜp izkspquZ`ilehir%A ek;;k
lR;nsoL; u Jqra dSLr;ksopZ %A vrLr;ks/kZua jkKk x`ghra pandz rs uq kA ,d le; dqN pksjks
us ogkWdsa s jktegy ls cgqrlk nzO; rFkk eksrh dh ekyk pqjk yhA jktk dks pksjhdh ckr Kkr
gksus ij mlus vius jktiq#"kksa dks cqyokdj cgqr QVdkjk vkSj dgk ;fn rqe yksxksa us pksjksda k
irk yxkdj lkjk /ku ;gkWa nks fnuksea as mifLFkr ugha fd;k rks vlko/kkuhds fy;s rqEgsa e`R;q n.M
fn;k tk;sxkA blij jktiq#"kksa us O;kid Nkuchu dh ijUrq pksjksa dk dgha Hkh irk ugha yxkA
fQj os lHkh ,d= gksdj fopkj djus yxs fd &cMs d"Vdh ckr gS pksj rks feyk ugha] vc
jktk geyksxksa dks ifjokj lfgr ekj MkysxkA ejusij Hkh gesa izrs ;ksfu gksxhA blfy, vc rks
;gh Js;Ldj gS fd geyksx ifo= ueZnkesa Mwcdj ej tkW;a A D;ksfa d ueZnk ds izHkko ls gesa
f'koyksddh izkfIr gksxhA ,slk fu'p;dj lHkh jktiq#"k ueZnkds rVij x;sA ogkWa mUgksua s lkÌq
of.kd ds xys esa eksrh dh ekyk ns[kh] mUgksus lk/kq of.kd dks gh pksj le> fy;k vkSj izlUu
gksdj mu nksuks lk/kq of.kd vkSj mlds tkekrk dks /ku lfgr idMdj jktk ds ikl ys vk;sA
Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k Hkh muds izfrdwy gks x;s] blhfy, jktkus Hkh fcuk fopkj fd;sgh vius
lsodksa dks vkKk nh fd budh lkjh lEifr [ktkus esa tekdj nsk vkSj bUgsa dkjkokl esa Mky
nksA lsodksa us jktKk dk ikyu fd;kA of.kddh ckrksa ij fdlhus Hkh ?;ku ugha fn;kA vius
tkekrk ds lkFk og of.kd vR;Ur nqf[kr gksdj foyki djus yxkA fo/kkrk dh izfrdwyrk rks
ns[kksA ge nq%[k lkxjesa fueXu gks x;sA bl ladVls dkSu gesa ikj djsxk\ eSua s /keZ ,oa Hkxoku
ds fo:) vkpj.k fd;k gSA ;g mUgha deksZ dk izHkko gS bl izdkj foyki djrk gqvk os llqj
vkSj tkekrk nksuks dbZ fnuksa rd tsy esa Hkh"k.k larki dk vuqHko djrs jgsA
lwrthus dgk&Çf"k;ks! vk?;kfRed] vkf/knSfod] rFkk vkf/kHkkSfrd& bu rhuksa rkiksda k gj.k
 53
djus okys Hkxoku fo".kqds eaxye; pfj=dks tks lqurs gS]a os lnk gfjds /kkeesa fuokl djrs
gS]a fdaUrq tks Hkxoku dks vkJ; ugha ysr]s mUgsa os foLe`r dj nsrs gSAa mUgs vusd izdkjds
d"Vksda k lkeukdjuk iMrk gSAA
og of.kd Hkh lR; /keZls P;qr gks x;k Fkk] rks lR;ukjk;.k ds izHkko ls jktkus Hkh mldk
lkjk /ku gj.k dj fn;k] mlds ?kjesa Hkh pksjh gks x;h rFkk mldh iRuh yhykorh viuh iq=q h
dykorhds lkFk oL=k vkHkw"k.k rFkk edku vkfn cspdj thou ;kiu djus yxhA ,dfLefUnols
;krk{kq/kkrkZ f}tefUnje~A xRok·i’;n~ ozra r= lR;ukjk;.kL; pA mifo’; dFkka JqRok
oja izkfFkZroR;fiA izlknHk{k.ka d`Rok ;;kS jk=kS x`ga izfrA ekrk dykorha dU;ka
dFk;kek; izes r%A iqf= jk=kS fLFkrk dq= fda rs eufl orZrAs dykorh izkg ekrja izfr
lRoje~A f}tky;a ozra ekrn`Z"Va okafNr flf)ne~A rPNqRok dU;dkokD;a ozra drqZa
leq|rkA lk eqnk rq of.kXHkk;kZ lR;ukjk;.kL; pA ,d fnu iq=h dykorh Hkw[kls O;kdqy
fdlh czkã.kds ?kj x;h] ogkWa mlus ns[kk czkã.k ifjokj J)kls Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dh iwtk
dj jgs gS]a rks mlus Hkh izkFkZukdh fd gs lR;nso ! ;fn esjs firk vkSj ifr ?kj vk tk;sxa as rks
eSa Hkh vkidh iwtk d:WxhA mldh ckr lqudj czkã.kksa us dgk&,sls k gh gksxkA czkã.kksls
vk'khZokn ikdj og vius ?kj vk x;hA jk=hesa nsjls vkus ij ekrkus MkaVrs gq, iwNkfd csVh
! bruh jkr rd rqe dgkWa jgh \ blij mlus ekrkdks izlkn nsrs gq, Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k ozr
dk lkjk o`rkUr crk;k vkSj dgk ekWa esus lquk gS fd dfy;qx esa Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k izR;{k
Qy nsus okys gSa eka eSa Hkh mudh iwtk djuk pkgrh gWaw vki eq>s vkKk nskA esjs firk vkSj ifr
nksuksa ?kj vk tkW;s ;gh esjh dkeuk gSA jkresa ,slk fu'p;dj izkr% ekrk dh vkKk ikdj
dykorh 'khyiky uked of.kdds ?kj x;h vkSj fuosnu fd;k fd eq>s FkksMklk Ìu nks rkfd
eSa Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dh iwtk dj ldwaW A ;g lqurs gh 'khyikyus mls ikWpa v'kfiQZ;kWa nh
vkSj dgk dykorh esjs is j rqEgkjs firkdk dqN Ç.k 'ks"k Fkk eSa mUgsa gh okfil dj jgk gW]aw bls
nsdj vkt eSa mÇ.k gks x;kA dU;kus bl nzO;ls viuh ds ekWa lkFk Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdk ozr
J)k HkfDrls fof/kiwodZ fd;kA blls lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku lar"q V gks x;sA mÌj ueZnk rVoklh
jktk vius egyes lks jgk Fkk] jk=h ds vfUre izgjesa czkã.kos"kÌkjh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kus
mlds LoIuesa dgk jktu ! n’kZ;kekl LoIua gh pUnzdsrqa u`iksree~A cfUnukS ekspl
izkroZf.ktkS u`ilre~A ns;a /kuap rRloZa x`ghra ;Ro;k·/kqukA uks psRoka uk’kf;";kfeljkT;
/kuiq=de~A rqe 'kh?kz mBdj mu funks"Z k of.kdksa dks cU/kueqDr djks os nksuks vijk/kh ugha gSAa
;fn rqe ,slk ugha djksxs rks rqEgkjk dY;k.k ugha gksxkA bruk dgdj os vUrfgZr gks x;sA jktk
funzk ls lglk mBs vkSj Hkxokudk Lej.k djus yxsA izkr% tc jktk njckj esa vk;s rks ns[ks
gq, LoIuds ckjs esa vius ea=hls dgus yxsA rks egkea=h us Hkh jktkls dgk jktu cMs vk'p;Zdh
ckr gS eq>Hs kh vkt ,slkgh LoIu fn[kk;h fn;kA vr% ml of.kd vkSj mlds tkekrk dks cqykdj
 lR;ukjk;.k&dFkk 54
muls vPNh rjg iwNrkN djuh pkfg,A blij jktkus mu nksuks dks canhx`gls cqyk fy;k vkSj
iwNk& rqe nksuks dkSu gks vkSj dgWka jgrs gskA blij lk/kq of.kdus dgk&jktu ! eSa jRuiqj fuoklh
of.kd gWAaw eSa O;kikjds fufer ;gkWa vk;k Fkk] ij nsokRizkIra egn~n%q [kfenkuha ukfLr oS Hk;e~A
rnk fuxMlaR;kxa {kkSj dekZ|dkj;r dkj;r~A nsoo'k vkids lsodksua s gesa pksj le>dj canh cuk
fn;kA lkFkesa ;g esjk tkekrk gSA fcuk vijk/kds gh geij ef.k ekykdh pksjh yxh gSA jktu!
ge nksuksa pksj ugha gSAa mldh ckrsa lqudj jktkdks cgqr iÜprki gqvkA jktkus mUgsa
cUÌueqDrdj fn;kA vkSj oókyadkjdanRok ikfjrks"; u`iÜp rkSA iqjLd`R; of.kDiq=kS
opekrks"k;n~Hk`’keA vusd izdkjls mUgsa vyadr` dj Hkkstu djk;k vkSj oók vkHkw"k.k vkfn
nsdj mudk lEeku fd;kA of.kdus dgk jktu ! eSus dkjkxkjesa vusd d"V Hkksxs gS]a vc eSa
vius uxj tkuk pkgrk gWaw ] vki eq>s vkKk nsAa blij jktkus dgk iqjkuhra rq;n~nOz ;a
f}xq.khd`R; nroku~A izksokp rkS rrks jktk xPN lk/kks futkJee futkJee~A jktk us vius
dks"kk?;{kds ek?;els lkÌq of.kddh ukSdk jRuksa ls ifjiw.kZ dj nhA fQj lk/kq of.kd vius
tkekrkds lkFk jktk }kjk lEekfur gks f}xqfq .kr /ku ysdj jRuiqjhdh vksj py iMkAA
blijHkh of.kd dks Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dk Lej.k ugha gqvkA Hkxoku lR;nso dfy;qx
esa rRdky Qy nsrs gS]a iqu% riLohdk :i /kkj.kdj muls iwNk&lk/kks ! fdefLr ro ukSfLFkre~A
rqEgkjh bl ukSdkesa D;k gS \ blij lk/kq of.kd cksyk& Hkks nf.Mu~ eqnkz a usraq fdePNflA yrk
i=kfnda pSo orZrs rj.kkS ee~A vkidks nsus ds fy;s esjs ikl bl ukSdk esa /ku ugha gS blesa
rks yrkvksa ds iRrs Hkjs gSAa lk/kq of.kd ds ,slk dgusij riLohus dgk ,slk gh gksxkA vkSj riLoh
unh fdukjs cSB x;sA FkksMhgh nsj esa ukSdk esa /ku dh txg iRrs gh fn[kus yxsA ;g lcns[k lkÌq
of.kd vR;Ur pfdr o fpafrr gks x;k] og foyki djus yxkA og lkspus yxk vc eSa D;k
d:W vkSj dgkS tkmW esjk /ku dgkWa pyk x;k\ tkekrkds le>kus ij riLohdk 'kki le>dj
iqu% riLohdh 'kj.kesa x;kA xys esa diMk yisVdj riLoh dks iz.kkedj cksyk&{keLo {keLo pkijkÌa
es ;nqäa ro lfUu/kksA ,oa iqu% iquuZRok egk’kksdkdqyks·Hkor~A egkHkkx ! vki dkSu gS]a
izHkks eSa vkidh efgekdks ys'kek= Hkh ugha le>rk] vki esjs vijk/kksa dks {kek djsk] vkSj esjh
ukSdkds /kudks iqu% iwooZ r djnksA blij riLoh:i /kkjh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kth us dgk& ek
jksnh% ’k`.kq e}kD;a ee iwtkcfgeq[Z k%A eekK;k p nqc) Zq s yC/ka nq%[ka eqgeq gZq %q A fd rqeus
pUnzpMw jktkds e.Mies larfr izkIr gksuis j lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk dh izfrKk dh FkhA rqEgsa dU;k
izkIr gqb]Z mldh 'kknh Hkh rqeus dh] O;kikj ls /ku Hkh rqeus izkIr fd;k] canhx`g ls rqe eqDr
gks x;s ij rqeus brusij Hkh Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk dHkh ugha dhA blls feF;kHkk"k.k]
izfrKkyksi] o nsorkdh voKk vkfn vusd nks"k gq,A blh dkj.k gs ew<! rqe d"V Hkksx jgs gksA
rqe Hkxoku dks ;kn djsk mudk Lej.k djskA blij lkÌq of.kd dks Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdk
Lej.k gks vk;k vkSj og iÜpkrki djus yxkA ogkWa ns[krs ns[krs riLoh lR;ukjk;.kds :i esa
 55
ifjofrZr gks x;s] vkSj rc og mudh blizdkj Lrqfr djus yxkA lR;Lo:ia] lR;lUÌa
lR;ukjk;.ka gfje~A ;RlR;Rosu txrLra lR;a Roka uekE;ge~AA RoUek;keksfgrkRekuks u
i';UR;kReu% 'kqHke~A nq%[kkEHkks/kS lnk eXuk nq%[ks p lq[kekfuu%AA ew<ks·ga /kuxosZ.k
enkU/khd`rykspu%A u tkus LokReu% {ksea dFka i';kfe ew</kh%A {keLo ee nkSjkRE;a
riksÌkEus gjs ue%A vkKki;kRenkL;a es ;su rs pj.kkS LejsAA blizdkj Lrqfrdj lk/kq
of.kdus ,dyk[k eqnkz ls iqjksfgr}kjk ?kjvkdj lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk djusdh izfrKkdhA Hkxokuus
izlUu gksdj dgk oRl rqEgkjh euksdkeuk iw.kZ gksxhA ;g dgdj Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k vUrfgZr
gks x;sA rFkk lk/kqus viuh ;k=k iqu% vkjEHk dhA lR;nsols jf{kr gks lk/kq of.kd ,d lIrkg
es gh vius uxjds ikl igqpW x;k of.kd us vkxeudk lekpkj nsus ds fy;s nwr dks ?kj HkstkA
nwrus ?kj vkdj lk/kq of.kd dh L=h yhykorhls dgk&fudVs fudVs ujL;So tkek=k lfgrks of.kd~A
vkxrks cU/kqoxsÜZ p forSÜp cgqfHk;qrZ %A oS’; nkeknds lkFk cgqr lk /ku ys laxh lkFkh ds
lkFk uxj ds fudV vk x;s gSAa og lk?oh iq=h ds lkFk Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh iwtk dj jgh
FkhA ifrds vkxeudks lqudj iwtkdk nkf;Ro iq=h dks lkSia dj og 'kh?kzrk ls ukSdkds ikl igqpW hA
b/kj dykorh Hkh viuh lf[k;ksa ds lkFk lR;ukjk;.kdh tSlh rSlh iwtk lekIr dj fcuk izlkn
fy;s gh ifrdks ns[kusds fy, mrkoyh gks ukSdkds ikl pyh x;hA
lR;ukjk;.kds izlkn ds viekuls nkekn lfgr of.kddh ukSdk vn`'; gks x;hA ;g ns[k
lHkh nq%[kesa fueXu gks x;sA ;g ns[k dykorh ewfPNZrgks tehuij fxj iMh] iqu% mBdj gk ukFk!
gk dkUr ! dgdj foyki djus yxh&gs fo/krk ! vkius ifrls foeqDrdj esjh vk'kk rksM nhA
ifrds fcuk óhdk thou v/kwjk o fu"Qy gSA dykorh vkrZLojesa cksyh&gs lR;flaU/kks Hkxou
! eSa ifr ds fo;ksxesa tyesa Mwcdj e:Wxh] vki esjs vijkÌ {kek djsAa ;k esjs ifrdks izdVdj
esjs izk.kksda h j{kk djsAa mlhle; vkdk'kok.kh gqb&Z R;DRok izlkna rs dU;kifra nz"Vqa lekxrkA
vrks·n`"Vks·HkorL;k% dU;dk;k% ifr/kqzZoe~A x`gaxRok izlkna p HkqDRok lk·;fr psRiqu%A
yCÌHk=hZlqrk lk/kks Hkfo";fr u la’k;%A dU;dk rkn`’kaokD;a JqRok xxue.Mykr~A f{kiza
rnk x`ga xRok izlkna p cqHkkst lkA lk iÜpkr iqujkxE; nn’kZa lqtua ifre~A rqeus esjs
izlkndk vieku fd;k gSA ;fn iqu% tkdj J)kiwodZ izlkn xzg.kdjs rks rqEgkjk ifr ukSdk
lfgr ;gkWa vo'; fn[skxkA blij vk'p;Zpfdr gks dykorhus oSls gh fd;k] vkSj mldk ifr
iqu% ukSdk lfgr nh[kus yxkA fQj D;k FkkA lHkh ijLij vkauUnls feys vkSj ?kj vkdj lkÌq
of.kd us ,d yk[k eqnkz vksla s cMs lekjksgiwodZ Hkxoku lR;nsodh iwtkdh vkSj vkuUnls jgus
yxkA bl ozrds izHkkols lHkh Hkksxksda k miHkksxdj vUr esa lHkh LoxZyksd pys x;sA bl dFkkdks
tks Hkh O;fDr HkfDriwodZ lqurk gS og fo".kqdk vR;Ur fiz; gks tkrk gSA vkSj viuh
eu%dkeukdh flf) izkIrdj ysrk gS
lwrth cksy&s Çf"kx.kksa ! eSua s lHkh ozrksa es Js"B bl lR; ukjk;.k&ozrdks dgkA czkã.kds eq[kls
 lR;ukjk;.k dFkk 56
fudyh gqbZ ;g ozrdh dFkk dfydky es vfr'k; iq.;izn gSAA
AA cksyks Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdh t;AA Jheu~ ukjk;.k ukjk;.k0AA
Jh lwrth cksy%s &gs Çf"k;ks vc eSa rqxa ?ot uked jktkdh dFkk lqukrk gWAaw ,dnk l oua
xRok gRok cgqfo/kkUi’kwu~A vkxR; oVewya p n`"V~ok lR;L; iwtue~A xksik% dqoZafr
lar"q Vk Hkfä;qäk% lcka/kok%A jktk n`"Vok rq nis.Z k u xRok u uuke l%A rrks xksix.kk%
losZ izlkna u`ilfUu/kkSA ,dckj la;ksxo'k jktk rqxa ?ot ouesa f'kdkj [ksyus ds fy, x;k vkSj
ogkWa mlus cgqr lkjs i'kqvksa dk f'kdkj fd;k] rFkk ogha ou esa Xoky&ckyksa dsk oV o`{k ds uhps
lR;ukjk;.kdk iwtu gksra s ns[kkA jktk xoZds o'k u rks iwtu LFky ds lehi x;k vkSj ukgh
lR;ukjk;.k dks ueu gh fd;kA fQj Hkh Xokyckys izlkn ysdj jktkds ikl vk;s vkSj izlkn
jktkds lehi j[kdj okfil vius iwtk&LFky dh vksj vk;s vkSj Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.kdk izlkn
xzg.k fd;kA jktkus og izlkn ogha NksM fn;kA izlkn xzg.k u djus ds dkj.k jktkdks vusd
izdkj dk nq%[k mBkuk iMkA rL; iq= ’kra u"Va /ku/kkU;kfnda p ;r~A lR;nsous rRloZa
ukf’kr ee fuf’pre~A mlds iq= /ku&/kkU; lHkh u"V gksus yxsA rc mldks fuf'pr :ils
cksÌ gqvk fd lR;ukjk;.kus gh mldk loZLou"V fd;kA vrLr=So xPNkfe ;= nsoL;
iwtue~A rrks·lkS lR;nsoL; iwtka xksix.kS%lgA HkfDrJ)kfUorks HkwRok pdkjfof/kuk
u`i%A fQj rks jktk mu Xokyckyksa dks <wMaW rk gqvk mlh ouesa x;k vkSj Xokyckyksa dks lkFk ysdj
lR;ukjk;.kdk iwtu djus yxk AA Hkxoku lR;ukjk;.k dh d`ikls mls iqu% /ku&/kkU; iq= lHkh
izkIr gq, A rFkk bl thou esa lq[k Hkksxdj vUresa lR;ukjk;.kds yksd esa x;kA
bl ije nqyHZ k lR;ukjk;.k ozrdks tks /kkj.k djrk gS rFkk bl Qynk;h dFkkdks
HkfDriwodZ lqurk gS lR;ukjk;.k dh d`ikls fu/kZu O;fDr /kuk<; gks tkrk gS] iq=ghu O;fDr
iq=oku gks tkrk gS] jkT;P;qr O;fDr jkT; izkIr dj ysrk gS] n`f"Vghu O;fDr n`f"VlEiUu gks
tkrk gS] cUnh O;fDr cU/kueqDr gks tkrk gS] rFkk Hk;krZZ O;fDr fuHkZ; gks tkrk gSA vf/kd D;k\
O;fDr ftl&ftl oLrqdh bPNk djrk gS mls og lc izkIr gks tkrh gS A gs foizks esua s ;g
lR;ukjk;.k ozrdh dFkk dgh blds dkj.k euq"; lHkh izdkj ds nq%[kksa ls NwV tkrs gSa A gs
eqfux.kks tks bl dFkkdk fuR; ikB djsxa as o lquxs as muds leLr iki u"V gks tk;sxa Aas
AA cksyks lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku dh t;AA Jheu~ ukjk;.k ukjk;.k gjh gjhAA
lwrth cksy%s & gs eqfu'ojks ftUgksus lR;ukjk;.k ozr igys fd;k Fkk muds cknds tUe dh dFkk
lqukrk gWwaA lrkuanks egkizkK% lqnkek czkã.kks áHkwrA rfLeu~ tUefu Jhd`".ka /;kRok
eks{keoki gA dk"BHkkjogks fHkYyksxqgjktks cHkwogA rfLeŒtUefulalsO; jkea eks{ka txke
oSA mYdkeq[kksegkjktks u`in’kjFkks·HkorA JhjaxukFkalaiwT; JhoSdq.Ba rnk·xer~A ÌkfeZd%
lR;lU/kÜp lk/kqeksZj/otks·Hkor~A nsgk/kZa ØdpSf’NRok nRokeks{eokigA rqax/otks egkjkt%
Lok;aHkqjHkofRdyA lokZUa Hkkxorku~ d`Rok Jh oSd.q Ba rnk·xer~A egku cqf)eku 'krkuUn
 57
czkã.k lqnkek gqvk vkSj Jhd`".kdh vkjk/kukdj eks{kdks izkIr gqvkA ydMh cspus okyk
ydMgkjk Hkhy xqgjkt cuk og jkepUnzth dh lsokdj eks{kdk vf/kdkjh cukA jktk mYdkeq[k
egkjktk n'kjFk gq, vkSj JhjaxukFkdh iwtkdj cSd.q Boklh gq, A /kfeZd lk/kq uked oS';
lR;ozr/kkjh eksj?ot uked jktk gqvkA vkSj vkjs ls vk/kk 'kjhj phjdj nkudjus ls eks{kdks
izkIr gqvkA jktk rqxa ?ot Lo;aHkqo euq gq,A ;s lHkh oS".ko iFkij yx Jh oSd.q B yksddks x;sAA
cksyks lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku dh t; AA Jheu ukjk;.k ukjk;.k gjh gjh AA
AA JhlR;ukjk;.kthdh vkjrh AA
¬ t; y{ehje.kk Jh y{ehje.kkA lR;ukjk;.k Lokeh tu&ikrd gj.kkAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
jRutfVr flagklu vn~Hkqr Nfc jktSA ukjn djr fujktu ?kaVk /ofu cktSAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
izdV Hk;sdfydkj.k f}tdks njlfn;ksA cw<s czkã.k cudj dŒpuegy fd;ksAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
nqcyZ Hkhy dBkjks ftuij d`ik djhA pUnzpMw ,djktk ftudh foifr gjhAA ¬ t; y{eh AA
oS'; euksjFk ik;ks J)k rt nhUghA lks Qy HkksX;ks izHkqth fQj vLrqfr dhUghaAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
HkkoHkfDrds dkj.k fNufNu :i /kj~;ksA J)k /kkj.k dhuh frudks dkt lj~;ksAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
Xoky cky lWxa jktk ou esa HkfDr djhA euokafNr Qy nhUgksa nhun;kyq gjhAA ¬ t; y{ehAA
p<r izlkn lok;ks dnyhQy esok A /kwi nhi rqylh ls jkth lR;nsokAA ¬ t; y{eh AA
lR;ukjk;.kthdhvkjfr tksdksbuZ j xkoSA rueu lq[klEifr euokafNr QyikoSAS A ¬ t; y{ehAA
Lrqfr&izkFkZuk%& ¬ 'kkUrkdkja Hkqtx'k;ua iùukHka lqj's ka] fo'ok/kkja xxuln`'ka es?ko.kZa 'kqHkkaxe~A
y{ehdkUra deyu;ua ;ksfxfHk/;kZuxE;aA oUns fo".kqa HkoHk;gja loZyksddS ukFkaA
¬ ueksLs RouUrk; lgòewr;Z s lgò iknkf{k f'kjks# ckgosA lgò ukEus iq#"kk; 'kk'ors lgò
dksfV ;qx /kkfj.ks ue%AA ¬ ueks czã.;nsok; xks czkã.k fgrk; pA txf)rk; d`".kk; xksfoUnk;
ueks ue%A ¬ vkdk'kkRifrra rks;a ;Fkk xPNfr lkxje~A loZnos ueLdkj% ds'koEizfr xPNfrA
ewda djksfr okpkya iaxyq ³~?k;rs fxfje~A ;Rd`ik rega oUns ijekuUnek/koe~AA
ea=&iq"ikatfy%& ¬ ;Ksu ;Ke;tUrnsokLrkfu /kekZf.kizFkekU;klu~ rs g ukda efgeku% lpUr
;= iwoZs lk/;k% lfUr nsok%A ¬ jktkf/kjktk; izlá lkfgus ueks o;a oSJo.kk; dqegZ As l es
dkeku~ dke dkek; eáa dkesÜojks oSJo.kks nnkrqA dqcjs k; oSJo.kk; egkjktk; ue%AA
'ka[k&ty%& 'ka[ke/;fLFkra rks;a Hkzkfera ds'koks ifjA vaxyXua euq";k.kka czãgR;ka O;iksgfrAA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
tUefnu iwtu%& ¬ v|sR;kfn0 ns'kdkykS lašhR;kZ·eqdjkf'keqdxks= ee iq=L;@;tekuL;
tUefnus ok vk;qjkjksX;kfHko`);s o"kZof` )deZ dfj";s] rn›aRosu n/;{kriq×ts"kq dqynsorknhuka
xqokZnhuka ekdZ.Ms;knhuk×p ukeeU=SjkokguiwodZ a i×pksipkjfof/kuk "kksM'kksipkjSokZ iwtuega dfj";sAA
¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ "k"BhnsO;S ue%] "k"Bhnsohekokg;kfe] LFkki;kfe] Hkks "k"Bhnsfo bgkxPN
bgfr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ dqynsork;Sue%] dqynsorkekokg;kfe0] LFkki0] Hkks dqynsors bgkxPN
 tUefnu&iwtu o lUrkuxksiky&ikB 58
bgfr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ tUe u{k=s'kk;ue%] tUe u{k=s'kk; ekok0] LFkki0] Hkks tUe u{k=s'k
bgkxPN bgfr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ izdf` r iq#"kkReda ekrk fir`H;ka ue%] ekrk firjk ekokg;kfe
LFkki0] Hkks izdf` riq#"kkRedkS ekrkfirjkS bgkxPNre] bg fr"Bre~AA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ iztkir;s
ekok0] LFkki0] Hkks iztkir;s bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ Hkkuos ue%] Hkkuqekok0]
LFkki0] Hkks Hkkuks bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ fo?us'kk; ue%] fo?us'kekok0] LFkki0]
Hkks fo?us'k bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ v'oRFkkEus ue%] v'oRFkkekuekok0] LFkki0]
Hkks v'oRFkkeku~ bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ cy;s ue%] cfyekok0] LFkki0] Hkks cy;s
bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ O;klk; ue%] O;klekok0] LFkki0] Hkks O;kl bgkxPN bg
fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ guqers ue%] guqeUrekok0] LFkki0] Hkks guqeu~ bgkxPN bg fr"BAA
¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ jkeHkDrk; foHkh"k.kk; ue%] foHkh"k.kekok0] LFkki0] Hkks foHkh"k.k bgkxPN
bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ d`ikpk;Zk; ue%] d`ikpk;Zekok0] LFkki0] Hkks d`ikpk;Z bgkxPN
bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ Jhij'kqjkek; ue%] Jhij'kqjkeekok0] LFkki0] Hkks ij'kqjke
bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ izgyknk; ue%] izgyknk;ekok0] LFkki0] Hkks izgykn
bgkxPN bg fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ xq:H;ks ue%] xq:ekok0] LFkki0] Hkks xq#o% bgkxPN bg
fr"BAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ nsorkH;ks ue%] nsorkekok0] LFkki0] Hkks nsork% ;w;fegkxPN bg
fr"BrAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ _f"kH;ks ue%] _f"kekok0] LFkki0] Hkks _"k;% ;w;fegkxPN bg
fr"BrAA ¬ HkwHkqo%Z Lo% ¬ fir`H;ks ue%] fir`ekok0] LFkki0] Hkks firj% ;w;fegkxPN bg fr"BrAA
Hkks ekl] i{k] tUefrFks] tUe{kZ] tUejk'ks] f'kos lEHkwr]s Hknz]s bUnz] vXus] o#.k] ok;ks] /kun~]
dkfrZd;s ] tUe nsors] LFkkunsors] izR;{k nsors] okLrq nsors] {ks=iky] uoxzgk% ;w;fegkxPNr iwtkFksZ
;q"ekukokg;kfe LFkki;kfeA losHZ ;ks ikn;ks ik|a gLr;ksj?;Za eq[ks vkpeuh;a tya leiZ0A LFkkuh;a
tya leiZ0A iqupkZeuh;a leiZ0A oL=ksioL=kFksZ oL=a leiZ0A xU/ka leiZ0 v{krkUleiZ0A vohja
xqykya gfjnzkpw.kZ×p leiZ0A lkSHkkX;nzO;kf.k leiZ0A iq"ika p iq"iekyka leiZ0A /kwiek?kzki;kfe]
izR;{knhia n'kZ;kfe] uSo|s a fuosn;kfe] eq[koklukFksZ ,ykyoaxiwxhQya lfgra rkEcwya leiZ0A
lkn~x.q ;kFksZ ;Fkk'kfDrnzO;a nf{k.kka p leiZ0] vkjkfrZde?;Zp leiZ;kfeAA
t; nsfo txUekrtZxnk·uUndkfjf.kA izlhn ee dY;kf.k egk"kf"B ueks·LrqrAs A
:ia nsfg ;'kks nsfg Hkxa nsfg fujUrje~A iq=ku~ nsfg /kua nsfg lokZUdkekW'a p nsfg esAA
AA vFk lUrkuxksiky&eU=tifofÌ AA
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/;ku%& ¬ djkjfoUnsu inkjfoUna] eq[kkjfoUns fofuos'k;Ure~a cVL;i=s iqfVra'k;kua] ckyaedq Uq na
f'kjlk uekfeAA ladYi Yi%& ¬ v|sR;kfn0 &&&&&ee ;tekuL;&&&ldynqfjr{k;iwodZ a fpjthfolRiq=
çkIR;FkZa Jh lUrkuxksikyeU=L; ;Fkkla[;kdatia dfj";sAA fofu;ksx%& ¬ vL; JhlUrkuxksikyeU=L;
Jhukjn_f"k%vuq"VqINUn% Jhckyd`".kksnos rk ee;tekuL; ok lUrkuxksikyçlknfl);FkZta is fofu;ksx%A
_";kfnU;kl%& ¬ ukjn_f"k;sue% 'kjflA ¬ vuq"VqINUnls ue% eq[ksA ¬ Jh ckyd`".knsork;S
 59
ue% ân;sA ¬ fofu;ksxk; ue% lokZ©a As djU;kl%& ¬ nsodhlqr xksfoUn va©"q BkH;ka ue%A ¬
oklqnos txRirs rtZuhH;ka ue%A ¬ nsfg es ru;a d`".k e/;ekH;ka ue%A ¬ Rokega 'kj.ka xr%
vukfedkH;kaue%A ¬ nsodhlqr xksfoUn oklqnos txRirs dfuf"BdkH;kaue%A ¬nsfg es ru;a d`".k
Rokega 'kj.ka xr% djrydji`"BkH;ka ue%A ân;kfnU;kl%& ¬ nsodhlqr ! bfr ân;k;ue%A ¬
xksfoUn ! bfr f'kjls LokgkA ¬ oklqnos ! bfr f'k[kk;S o"kV~A ¬ txRir;s ! bfr dopk; gqeA~
¬ nsfg es ru;a d`".k&bfr us==;k;okS"kV~A ¬ Rokega 'kj.ka xr&bR;L=k;QV~A eU=ks)kj%& ߬
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Dyhe~Þ nsodhlqr! xksfoUn! oklqnos ! txRirs! nsfges ru;a d`".k! Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA ¼y{ktiLrs
iq=izkfIrHkZofr tiL; n'kka'kks gkseLrn~n'kka'ka ektZua ri.kZ×pp½ vusu tik[;su deZ.kk
JhlUrkuxksiky% çh;rke~AA ¼tids ckn Lrks=ikB D;ksfa d fy[kk gS fd tidkys iBsfUuR;e½
Lrks=%& Jh'ka deyi=k{ka nsodhuUnua gfje~A lqrlEçkIr;s d`".ka uekfe eÌqlnw ue~AA1 uekE;ga
oklqnos a lqrlEizkIr;s gfje~A ;'kksnkadxra ckya xksikya uUnuUnue~AA2 vLekda iq=ykHkk; xksfoUna
eqfuofUnre~A uekE;ga oklqnos a nsodhuUnue~ lnkAA3 xksiya fMEHkda oUns deykifreP;qre~A
iq=lEizkIr;s d`".ka uekfe ;nqixaq oue~AA4 iq=dkesf"VQyna d×tk{ka deykifre~A nsodhuUnua oUns
lqrlEizkIr;s eeAA5 in~ekirs in~eus= in~eukHk tuknZuA nsfg es ru;a Jh'k oklqnos txRirsAA6
;'kksnkadxra okya xksfoUna eqfuofUnre~A vLekda iq=ykHkk; uekfe Jh'keP;qre~AA7 Jhd`".ka
'kk'ora fuR;etjkej:fi.ke~A xksfoUn es lqra nsfg uekfe Roka tuknZue~AA8 HkDrdken xksfoUn
HkDra j{k 'kqHkiznA nsfg es ru;a d`".k #fDe.khoYyHk izHkksAA9 #fDe.khukFk los'Z k nsfg es ru;a
lnkA HkDreUnkj in~ek{k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA10 nsodhlqr xksfoUn oklqnos txRirsA nsfg es ru;a
d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA11 oklqnos tx}U| Jhirs iq#"kksÙkeA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka
xr%AA12 d×tk{k deykukFk ija dk#f.kdksfÙkeA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA13
y{ehirs in~eukHk eqdUq n iqfuofUnrA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA14 dk;Zdkj.k:ik;
oklqnos k; rs lnkA uekfe iq=ykHkkFkZa lq[knk; cqÌk; rsAA15 jkthous= Jhjke jko.kkjs gjs dosA
rqH;a uekfe nso's k ru;a nsfg es gjsAA16 vLekda iq=ykHkk; Hktkfe Roka txRirsA nsfg es ru;a
d`".k oklqnos jekirsAA17 JhekfUoekupkjh'k xksihoL=kigkjdA nsfg es ru;a d`".k oklqnos txRirsAA18
vLekda iq=laikz fIra dq#"o ;nquUnuA jekirsoklqnos eqdUq n eqfuofUnrAA19 oklqnos lqra nsfg ru;a
nsfg ek?koa iq=a es nsfg Jhd`".k! oRla nsfg egkizHkksAA20 fMEHkdanfs g Jhd`".k vkReta nsfg jk?koA
HkDreankj es nsfg ru;a uUnuUnuAA21 uUnuanfs g es d`".k oklqnos txRirsA deykukFkxksfoUn
eqdUq neqfuofUnrAA22 vU;Fkk 'kj.ka ukfLr Roeso 'kj.ka eeA lqra nsfg fJ;a nsfg fJ;a iq=a iznfs g
esAA23 ;'kksnkLrU;ikuKa ficUra ;nquUnue~A oUnsga iq=ykHkkFkZa dfiyk{ka gfja lnkAA24 uUnuUnunso's k
uUnua nsf=ges izHkksAa jekirsoklqnos fJ;a iq=ta xRirsAA25 iq=a fJ;a fJ;a iq= iq=a es nsfg ekÌoA
vLekda nhuokD;kfu voÌkj; JhirsAA26 xksikyfMaHk xksfoUn oklqnos jekirsA vLekda fMEHkda
nsfg fJ;a nsfg txRirsAA27 e}kf×NrQya nsfg nsodhuUnukP;qrA ee iq=kfUora ÌU;a dq#"o
 lUrkuxksiky&ikB 60
;nquUnuAA28 ;kpsga Roka fJ;a iq=a nsfges iq=lEinkeA HkDr fpUrke.ks jke dYio`{kegkizHkksAA29
vkReta uUnua iq=a dqekja fMEHkda lqre~A vHkZda ru;a nsfg lnk es j?kquUnuAA30 oUns lUrku
xksikya ekÌoa HkDrdkene~A vLekda iq=lEizkIR;S lnk xksfoanePpqre~AA31 vksda kj;qDra xksikya
Jh;qDra ;nquUnu~A Dyha;Dq ra nsodh iq=a uekfe ;nquk;de~AA32 oklqnos eqdUq ns'k xksfoUn
ekÌokPpqrA nsfg es ru;a d`".k jekukFk egkizHkksAA33 jkthous= xksfoUn dfiyk{k gfjizHkksA
leLrdkE;ojn~ nsfg es ru;a lnkAA34 vCtin~efuHk% in~eo`Un:i txRirsA nsfg es ojlRiq=a
jekukFk ekÌoAA35 uUniky Ìjkiky xksfoUn ;nquUnuA nsfg es ru;a d`".k#fDe.khoYyHk
izHkksAA36 nkleUnkj xksfoUn eqdUq n ekÌokPpqrA xksiky iq.Mjhdk{k nsfg es ru;a fJ;e~AA37
;nquk;din~e's k uUnxksioÌwlrq A nsfg es ru;a d`".k JhÌj izk.kuk;dAA38 vLekda okf×Nra nsfg
nsfg iq=a jekirsA LrqoUra d`".k los'Z k oklqnos txRirsAA39 jekân;lEHkkj lR;Hkkekeu%fiz;A nsfg
es ru;a d`".k #fDe.khoYyHk izHkksAA40 pUnzl;w kZ{k xksfoUn iq.Mjhdk{k ekÌoA vLekda
HkkX;lRiq=a nsfg nso txRirsAA41 dk#.;:i in~ek{k in~eukHklefpZrA nsfges ru;a d`".k
nsodhuUnuUnuAA42 nsodhlqrJhukFk oklqnos txRirsA leLrdkeQyna nsfg es ru;a lnkAA43
HkDreUnkj xEHkhj 'kajkPpqr ekÌoA nsfg es ru;a xksi ckyoRly JhirsAA44 Jhirs oklqnos 's k
nsodhfiz;uUnuA HkDreUnkj eka nsfg ru;a txrka izHkksAA45 txUukFk jekukFk HkwfeukFk n;kfuÌsA
oklqnos 's klos'Z k nsfges ru;a izHkksAA46 Jhuke in~ei=k{k oklqnos txRirsA nsfg es ru;a d`".k
Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA47 nkleUnkj xksfoUn HkDrfpUrke.ks izHkksA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka
xr%AA48 xksfoUn iq.Mhjhdk{k jekukFk egkizHkksA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA49
JhukFk deyi=k{k xksfoUn eÌqlnw ua er~i=q Qyfl);FkZa Hktkfe Roka tuknZuAA50 LrU;a ficUra
tuuheq[kkEcqta fcyksD; eUnfLereqToykaxe~A Li`'kUreU;Lrueaxyq hfHkoZUns ;'kksnkadxr eqdUq n~eA~ A51
;kpsga iq= lUrkua HkoUra in~eykspuA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA52 vLekdai=q lEirs
fpUr;kfe txRirsA 'kh?kza nsfg nkrO;a Hkork eqfuofUnrAA53 oklqnos txUukFk Jhirs iq#"kksreA
dq# eka iq=nÙkapd`".k nsoUs nzifw trAA54 dq# eka iq=nÙka p ;'kksnkfiz;uUnuA eº;a oS iq=lUrkua
nkrO;a Hkork gjsAA55 oklqnos txUukFk xksfoUnnsodhlqrA nsfg es ru;a jke dkSf'kY;kfiz;uUnuAA56
in~ei=k{kxksfoUn fo".kksokeu ekÌoA nsfges ru;a lhrkizk.kuk;djk?koAA57 nsfg es ru;a jke
n'kjFk fiz; uUnuA lhrkuk;d datk{k eqpdq Uq nojiznAA58 foHkh"k.kL; ;k yadk Hkork nh;rs
iqjkA vLekda rRizdkjs.k ru;a nsfg ekÌoAA59 Hkonh;inkEHkksts fpUr;kfe fujUrje~A nsfg es
ru;a lhrkiz k .kcYyHk jk?koAA60 jkeeRdkE;ojn iq = ks R ifÙkQyiz n a ns f ges ru;a
Jh'kdeykluofUnrAA61 jke jk?ko lhrs'k y{e.kkxzt nsfg esA HkkX;or~i=q lUrkua n'kjFkkRet
JhirsAA62 nsodhxHkZlHa kwr ;'kksnkfiz; uUnuA nsfg es ru;a jke d`".k xksiky ekÌoAA63 d`".k
ekÌo xksfoUn okeukP;qr 'kadjA nsfges ru;a Jh'k xksockyduk;dAA64 xksickyegkÌU;
xksfoUnkP;qr ekÌoA nsfges ru;a d`".koklqnos txRirsAA65 fn'krq fn'krq iq=a nsodh uUnuks;Aa
 61
fn'krq fn'krq 'kh?kza HkkX;or~i=q ykHke~AA66 fn'krq fn'krq Jh'kksjk?koksjkeHknzkAs fn'krq fn'krq
iq=oa 'a kfoLrkjgsrks%AA67 nh;rka oklqnos us ru;a efRiz;a lqre~A dqekja uUnua lhrkuk;dsu lnk
eeAA68 jke jk?ko xksfoUn nsodhlqr ekÌoA nsfg es ru;a Jh'kxksickyduk;dAA69 oa'kfoLrkjdiq=a
nsfges eÌqlnw uA lqra nsfg lqra nsfg Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA70 eekHkh"Vlqra nsfg lalkjs ekÌokP;qrA
lqra nsfg lqra nsfg Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA71 pUnzkdZdYii;ZUr nsfg ekÌo es lqrAa lqra nsfg lqra nsfg
Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA72 fo|koUra cqf)eUr JheUraru;alnka nsfgesru;a d`".knsodhlqrloZnkAA73
uekfe Roka in~eus= lqrykHkk; dkne~A eqdUq na iq.Mjhdk{ka xksfoUna eÌqlnw ue~AA74 Hkxou d`".ka
xksfoUn loZdkeQyiznA nsfg es ru;a LokfeLRokega 'kj.kaxr%AA75 LokfeLRoa Hkxoku~ jke d`".k
ekÌo dkenA nsfg es ru;a fuR;a Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA76 ru;a nsfg xksfoUn d×tk{k deykirsA
lqra nsfg lqra nsfg Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA77 in~ekirs in~eus= in~etud ekÌoA lqra nsfg lqra nsfg
Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA78 'ka[kpØxnk[kM~x'kkjaxik.ks jekirsA nsfg es ru;a d`".kRokega 'kj.kaxr%AA79
ukjk;.kjekukFk jkthoi=ykspuA lqrea ns fs g nso's k in~e in~e in~ekuqofUnrAA80 jke jk?ko xksfoUn
nsodhojuUnuA #fDe.khukFk los'Z k ukjnkfnlqjkfpZrAA81 nsodhlqr xksfoUn oklqnos txRirsA nsfg
es ru;a Jh'k xksickyduk;dAA82 eqfuofUnr xksfoUn #fDe.khcYyHk izHkksA nsfg es ru;a d`".k
Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA83 xksfidkftZriadts edjUnklDrekulA nsfgesru;ad"` .k Rokega'kj.kaxr%AA84
jekân;iadts s yky ekÌo dkena eekHkh"Vlqra nsfg Rokega'kj.kaxr%AA85 oklqnos jekukFk nklkuka
eaxyiznA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA86 dY;k.kizn xksfoUn eqjkjs eqfuofUnrA nsfg
es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA87 iq=izn eqdUq ns'k #fDe.khoYyHkizHkksA nsfges ru;a d`".k Rokega
'kj.kaxr%AA88 iq.Mjhdk{k xksfoUn oklqnos txrirsA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA89
n;kfuÌs oklqnos eqdUq n eqfucfUnrA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.ka xr%AA90 iq=lEir~inz krkja
xksfoUna nsoiwftre~A oUnkegs lnk d`".ka iq=ykHkiznkf;ue~AA91 dk#.;fuÌ;s xksih cYyHkk;
eqjkj;sA ueks·Lrq iq=ykHkkFkZ nsfg es ru;a izHkksAA92 ueLrLeS jes'kk; #fDe.khoYyHkk; rsA nsfg
es ru;a Jh'k xksickyduk;dAA93 ueLrs oklqnos k; fuR;Jhdkeqdk; pA iq=nk;d 'ks"kkad
'kkf;us jax'kkf;usAA94 jaxk'kkf;u~ jekukFk eaxyizn ekÌoA nsfg es ru;a Jh'k xksickyduk;dAA95
nklL;es lq r a ns f g nhueUnkj jk?koA lq r a ns f g lq r a n s f g lq r a n s f g jekirs A A96
;'kksnkru;kHkh"Vi=nkjr%lnkA nsfges ru;a d`".kRokega 'kj.ka xr%AA97 efn"Vnso xksfoUna
oklqnos tuknZuA nsfg es ru;a d`".k Rokega 'kj.kaxr%AA98 uhfreku~ Ìuoku~ iq=h fo|koka'p
iztkirsA HkxoWLa Rd`ik;k'p oklqnos Us nzifw trAA99 ;% iBsr~ iq='krda lksf·ilRiq=oku HkosrA~
Jhoklqnos dfFkra Lrks= jRua iq= lq[kk; pAA100 tidkys iBsfUuR;a iq=ykHka Ìua fJ;e~A ,s'o;Za
jktlEekua l|ks ;kfr us la'k;%AA101 ¼¬lgòkj gqWa QV~ bl egkea=dks Hkksti=ij
fy[kdj ckWa;s cktwesa ;k xysesa ckWaÌs xHkZ lqjf{kr jgsxkA ;k lqn'kZu egkpØlgòkj
ueks·LrqrAs xHkZa j{k #ta nkga loZckÌk fouk'k;A blea=ls 'kq)tydks efU=rdj fnuesa
 JhtZ;rq&ijkiwtk 62
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fo".kksjjkVefl fo".kks%'ui~=ksLFkks fo".kks%L;wjfl fo".kksÌozqZ ks·fl oS".ko efl fo".kos RokAA vfXunsoZ rk
okrksnos rk lw;ksnZ os rk pUnzeknsork oloksnos rk #nzknsork·fnR;k nsork e#rks nsork fo'osnos knsork
o`gLifrj~ nsorsUnzks nsork o#.kks nsos rkAA ¬ |kS% 'kkfUrju~ rfj{k ¤'kkfUr% i`fFkoh 'kkfUrjki%
 63
'kkfUr jks"kÌ;% 'kkfUr%a ouLir;% 'kkfUr foZ'osnos k% 'kkfUrczãZ 'kkfUr% loZ ¤'kkfUr% 'kkfUrjso
'kkfUr% lk ek 'kkfUrjsfÌAA ¬ fo'okfu nso lforj~nfq jrkfu ijklqoA ;n~ Hknza rUu vklqoAA ¬
x.kkuku~ Rok x.kifr¤gokegs fiz;k.kku~ Rok fiz;ifr ¤gokegs fuÌhuku~ Rok fufÌifr ¤gokegs
olks eeA vkge tkfu xHkZÌek Roe tkfl xHkZÌe~AA ueks x.ksH;ks x.kifrH;'poks ueks ueks
ozkrsH;ks ozkrifrH;'poks ueks ueks x`r~ lsH;ks x`rl~ ifrH;'poks ueks ueks fo#isH;ks fo'o:isH;'poks
ueks ue%A ¬ âha b"V nsorkH;ksue%] ¬ âha dqynsorkH;ks ue%] ¬ âha xzkensorkH;ks ue%] ¬ âha
LFkkunsorkH;ks ue%] ¬ âha okLrqnos rkH;ks ue%] ¬ âha ok.khfgj.;xHkkZHa ;kaue%A ¬ âha 'kphiqjUnjkH;ka
ue%A ¬ âha y{ehukjk;.kkH;ka ue%] ¬ âha mekegs'ojkH;ka ue%A ekr`fir`pj.kdeysH;ks ue%A
loSHZ ;ks nsoHs ;ks ue%A loSHZ ;ks czkã.ksH;ks ue%A losHZ ;ks _f"k nsorkH;ksue%A losHZ ;ks fir`nos rkH;ksue%A
losHZ ;ks frfFk nsorkH;ksue%A xq:H;ksue%A ija xq:H;ksue%A ijkR;jesf"Bxq:H;ksue%A âha lfPpnkuUnewr;Z s
ue%A ¬ flf)&cqf) lfgrk; JheUe©y ewr;Z s egkx.kkf/kir;s ue%AA ¬ âha lw;kZ;ue%A ¬ âha
pUnzk;ue%A ¬ âha HkkSek;ue%A ¬ âha cqÌk;ue%A ¬ âha xq:osue%A ¬ âha 'kqØk;ue%A ¬ âha
'kuS'pjk;ue%A ¬ âha jkgosue%A ¬ âha dsrosue%A ¬ âha lw;kZfn ekjH;dsriw ;ZUr uoxzgk
nsorkH;ksue%A ¬ âha vdkj mdkj edkj ×;{knsorkH;ksue%A ¬ âha xkS;kZfn "kksM'kekr`dkH;ksue%A
¬ âha lw;Z e.Myk;ue%A ¬ âha pUnze.Myk;ue%A ¬ âha ofàe.Myk;ue%A ¬ âha xka xha xwaW
x.kir;sue%A ¬ âha oka oha owaW oVqdukFkk;ue%A ¬ âha {kka {kha {kwaW {ks=ikyk; ue%A ¬ âha ;ka ;ha
;Waw prq"kf"B;ksfxfuH;ks ue%A ¬ âha guqer;s ue%A ¬ âha fnxH;ks ue%A losZ lqLokxrk HkoUrq loZs
lqfLFkjk HkoUrks losZ ojnk HkoUrqA losHZ ;ks nsoHs ;ks ue% ikn~;ks ik|a gLrks?;Za eq[ksvkpeuh;a
xaxktyLukua iqu% vkpeuh;a leiZ;kfeA xaUÌa leiZ;kfeA v{krku leiZ;kfeA i=a iq"ia leiZ;kfeA
Ìwi?a kzki;kfeA nhia n'kZ;kfeA uSo|s a fuosn;kfeA nzO;nf{k.kka leiZ;kfeA ueLdkja leiZ;kfeA
;a czãosnkUrfonks onfUr ija izÌkua iq#"ka rFkkU;s]s foÜokn~xrdkj.keh'oja ok rLeS ue%
fo?ufouk'kuk;A xq:czãkZ xq:foZ".kq% xq:nsoZ ks egsÜoj%] xq:%lk{kkr~ ijczãk rLeS Jhxq:os ue%AA
¬ v[k.Me.Mykdkja O;kIra;us pjkpja] rRina nf'kZr;a us rLeS Jhxq#oSue%A ¬ nsorkH;% fir`H;'p
egk;ksfxH; ,o p ueks Logk;S LoÌk;S fuR;eso ueks ue%A ¬ okxFkkZfoolEi`DrkSokxFkZifz rir;S]
txr% firjks oUns ikoZrh ijes'ojksA ekr`fir`pj.k deysH;ks ue%A ¬ /;s;%lnk lfor`e.My
e/;orhZ ukjk;.k%ljfltklu lfUufo"V%A ds;jw okUedjdq.MyokfUdjhVh gkjh fgj.e;oiqÌr` 'kƒpØ%A
izR;{kdeZlkf{k.ks HkkLdjk; ueks ue%A ¬ xtkuua Hkwrx.kkfnlsfora dfiR;tEcwQy pk#Hk{k.ke~]
meklqra 'kksdfouk'kdkjde~ uekfe fo?us'ojikniadte~AA flf) cqf) lfgrk;JheUegkeaxyewr;Z s
egkx.kkf/kir;s ue%A ¬ czãkeqjkfjfL=iqjkUrdkjh Hkkuq% 'k'kh Hkwfelqrks cqÌ'pA xq#'p 'kqØ% 'kfu
jkgqdrs o% losxZ gz k% 'kkfUrdjk HkoUrqA ¬ losHZ ;ks xzgnsorkH;ksue%A ¬ czãk.kh deysUnq lkSE;onuk
ekgs'ojh yhy;k dkSekjh fjiqniZuk'kudjh pØk;q/kk oS".kohA okjkgh ?ku?kksj ?kqj?kqjeq[kh pSUnzh p
otzk;q/kk] pkeq.Mk x.kukFk#nzlfgrk j{kUrq es ekrj%AA âha xkS;kZfn "kksM'kekr`dkH;ks ue%A ¬
 JhtZ;rq&ijkiwtk 64
'kkUrkdkjaHkqtx'k;ua in~eukHkaljq 's ka] fo'ok/kkjaxxuln`'ka es?ko.kZ'a kqHkk©e~A y{ehdkUra deyu;ua
;ksfxfHk/;kZuxE;aA oUnsfo".kqa HkoHk;gjaloZyksddS ukFkaA âhafo".kosue% izHkfo".koSue%A ¬ rh{.knz"Begkdk;
dYikUrnguksie~A HkSjok;ueLrqH;a] euqKa nkrqegZ fl HkSjok; ue%A eukst;a ek#rrqY;osxa ftrsfUnz;a
cqf)erka ofj"Ba] okrkReta ojuj;wFk eq[;a Jhjkenwra 'kj.ka izi|sAA guqer;sue% ?kf.M;kyk; ue%A
¬ rRlr~ue%] ¬ rRlr~ue%] ¬ rRlr~ue%] âha vHkh"Vflf)aes nsfg 'kj.kkxr oRlys] HkDr;kleiZ;s
rqH;fenekoj.kkpZue~AA
ladYi%& ¬ rRlr~ ue%&3 ijekReus iqjk.kiq:"kksrek; Jheöxorks egkiq#"kL; fo".kksjkK;k
izorZekuL;k| Jhczã.kksfg f}rh; izgjk)s Jh'osrokjkg dYis oSoLor eUoUrjs·"Vkfoa'kfrres
dfy;qxs dfy&izFkepj.ks HkwyksdZ ts Ecw}hisHkjr[k.Ms Hkkjro"ksZ vk;kZorkZUrxZr{ks=&s &"kf"VlEoRljk.kka
e/;s fodze'kdsckS)korkjs &&ukelaoRljsA Jhlw;&Zs &eagkek©+Y;iznes klkuka eklksres&&ekls&&i{ks&&frFkkS&&
okljs&&u{k=s&&;ksx&s &dj.ks&&jk'khfLFkrs lw;&sZ &jk'khfLFkrs pUnsz 'ks"ks"kq xzg"s kq ;Fkk ;Fkk LFkkus "kRlq
,oa xzg xq.k fo'ks"k.k fof'k"Bk;ka 'kqHk&iq.; frFkkS xkS=kSRiUu%&&ukejkf'k &&'keks·Z ge Jqfr &Le`fr
iqjk.kksDr QyizkIR;FkZa ldqVEq cL; lifjokjL; ,s'o;kZfHk&c`);FkZa vizkIR; y{eh izkIR;FkZa izkIR;
y{eh fpjdky laj{k.kkFkZa ldy dkeuk fl);FkZa yksds ok lHkk;ka jkt&}kjs loZ= ;'kks&fot;
ykHkkfn izkIR;FkZa bg tUefu tUekUrjs ok ldy nqfjrksi'keukFkZa rFkk lHkk;ZL; liq=L; vf[ky
dqVEq c lfgrL; leLr Hk;O;kf/k tjkihMk e`R;qifjgkj)kjk vk;qjkjkSX; ,s'o;Zoa /` ;FkZa vf[kyifjokjL;
tUejk'ks'S kkUR;FkZa vkfnR;kfnuoxzgkuqdyw rkfl/;FkZa rFkk bUnzkfnn'kfnDiky izlUurkfl);FkZa vkfÌnSfodk
vkfÌHkkSfrdkvk/;kfRed f=fo/k rkikSi'keukFkZa prqfoZÌ iq#"kkFkZ izkIR;FkZe~ p] ’k=q&ijkt; iwodZ
cgqdhR;kZfn vusdkusd vH;qn; Qy izki~R;FkZe~ rFkk /kekFkZ dke gsros ldy dkeuk fl);FkZa
JhtxnEckizhR;FksZ egkdkyhegky{ehegkljLorh iwtua deZ p vga dfj";SA
[kM~xa pØxns"kqpkiifj?kkŒNwya Hkq'kq.Mha f'kj%A 'kƒa lanÌrha djSfóu;uka lokZ©Hkw"kko`rke~AA
uhyk'e|qfrekL;iknn'kdka lsos egkdkfydkaa ;keLrkSRLofirs gjkS deytks gUrqa eÌqa dSVHke~AA
v{kòDij'kqa xns"kqdfq y'ka iùa Ìuq% dqf.MdkaA n.Ma 'kfäefla p peZ tyta ?k.Vka lqjkHkktue~A
'kwya ik'klqn'kZus p nÌrha gLrS% izlUukuukaA lsos lSfjHkefnZuhfeg egky{eha ljkstfLFkrke~AA
?k.Vk'kwygykfu 'kƒeqlys pØa Ìuq% lk;daA gLrkCtSnÌZ rha ?kukUrfoylPNhrka'kqrYq ;izHkke~A
xkSjhnsgleqöoka f=txrkek/kkjHkwrka egkA iwokZe=a ljLorheuqHkts 'kqEHkkfnnSR;kfnZuhe~AA
izFkea 'kSyiq=h p f}rh;a czãpkfj.khA r`rh;a pUnz?k.Vsfr dw"ek.Msfr prqFkZde~A iŒpea LdUn ekrsfr
"k"Ba dkR;k;uhfr pA lIrea dkyjk=hfr egkxkSjhfr pk"Vee~AA uoea flf)nk=h p uonqxkZ%
izdhfrZrk%A ¬ eUnkjekyk dqfyrkfydk;S dikyekykf˚r 'ks[kjk;A fnO;kEcjk;S p fnxEcjk; ue%
f'kok;S p ue% f'kok;%A vkfnR;o.kkZrilkToUrha oSjkspuh deZQys"kq tq"Vka] nsoha dqekjh _f"kfHk'p
iwT;ka Roka nqxeZ krja 'kj.ka izi|sA ¬ fl)<;ka f'koxsfguh djylRik'kkad'q kk HkSjoh] HkDrkHkh"Vojiznka
ldq'kyka lalkjcUÌfPNnke~A ih;w"kkaEcqfÌeUeÌksöojla] lafof}yklka ijka ohjkjkfÌriknqdka lqfot;ka
 65
/;k;sr~ txUeksfguhe~AA dqynsO;Sue% ikn~;ksik|a gLrks?;Za eq[ksvkpeuh;a xaxktyLukua iqu% vkpeuh;a
leiZ;kfeA xaUÌa leiZ;kfeA v{krku leiZ;kfeA i=a iq"ia leiZ;kfeA Ìwi?a kzki;kfeA nhia n'kZ;kfeA
uSo|s a fuosn;kfeA nzO;nf{k.kka leiZ;kfeA ueLdkja leiZ;kfeA ¬ dzha âha Jha nf{k.kdkyhnsoh
riZ;kfe ue% n'kÌkriZ;rs A~ ukfjdsycfyaitw ;kfeA HkkS HkkS nf{k.k dkfynsoh ee dk;Z lkÌ;
lkÌ; ee fo?ua 'ke; 'ke; ee iwtka ikfg ikfg dq#q dq# LokgkA {ks=ikyeklkUucfyaitw ;srA~
HkkS HkkS {ks=ikyk; ee dk;Z lkÌ; lkÌ; ee fo?ua 'ke; 'ke; ee iwtka ikfg ikfg dq# dq#
LokgkA diwjZ kfrZD;a%& pUnzekeulks tkr'p{kks% lw;ksv
Z tk;rA Jks=kn~ok;q'p izk.k'peq[kk nfXujtk;rAA
¬ t; gks fot; gks eka dkfyds rsjh lnk fot; gks] eka pf.Mds] eka vfEcds] rsjh lnk fot;
gks] eka mek] eka jek] eka Hkhek] eka HkSjoh] eka fNUueLrk] eka Ìwekorh] eka eka ekrf©uh] rsjh
lnk fot; gks] t; gks] t; gks eka dkfyds rsjh lnk fot; gksA diwjZ xkSjda #.kkorkja lalkjlkja
HkqtxsUnzgkja] lnkolUra ân;kjfoUns Hkoa Hkokfu lfgra uekfeAA vkjkfrZD;a n'kZ;kfe] vkpeuh;e~
leiZ;kfeAA lsofUrdkodqypEidikVykCtS%] iqukxtkfrdjohjjlkyiq"iS%A fcYoizokyrqylhny
eatjhfHk%] Rokeiwt;kfe txnh'ojh es izlhnAA iq"ikatfylZeiZ;kfeAA xqákfrxqáxksI=h Roa x`gk.kkLeRd`ra
tie~A flf)HkZorq es nsfo RoRizlknkRlqjÜs ofjAA dk;su okpk eulsfUnz;oS kZ cq);kReuk okuqlr` LoHkkokr~A
djksfr ;|r ldya ijLeS ukjk;.kk;sfr leiZ;rs r~AA Ðha vHkh"Vflaf)a nsfg es 'kj.kkxroRlys]
HkDR;k leiZ;rs Hq ;fenekoj.kkpZue~AA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% vusu d`rus deZ.kk Jhijkf'koijkfEcdk
izh;rke~ ueks ue%A vkpkesrA~ ¬ rRlr~ ue%] ¬ rRlr~ ue%] ¬ rRlr~ ue%AA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
AAA y{eh lk/kuk ds flU)kr AA
1-- frfFk%& nksuksuojk=ksea as izfrinkls uoehrd rFkk'kqDyi{kdh 2]3]4]5]6]7]8]9]10]vkSj
13frFkhAA
2-- fnu%& lkseokj] cq)okj] xq:okj o 'kqØokj buesa Hkh 'kqØokj vfr mRre gSA
3- ekl%& oS'kk[k rFkk vkf'ouekl mÙke ysfdu frfFk u{k= fnudhvuqdyw rkij fdlhHkhefgusA
4- u{k=%& gLr iwoZ QkYxquh iquoZlq o iq"; es]a xq:okj ds iq"; u{k= es loksÙZ keA
5- LFkku%& ?kjdk,dkUrifo=LFkku bldsvykok nsoefUnj] lfjrkrV] ou] ioZrxqQk oljksojrVA
6- vklu%& 1-¼;ks -¼;ksxklu½ in~eklu] fl)klu o lq[kklu esa ls dksbZ Hkh vkluA
-¼oLrqxrvklu½ jkseklu vFkkZr Åu dk vklu yky jaxdk dEcy ;k cgqjxa h
2-¼oLrq
dEcy mÙke blds vykok ¼e`xpeZ½ czãp;Z ln~of` r Kku flf) 'kkfUr vkSj lQyrk nsus esa
;g vklu izHkko'kkyh gksrk gSA fo'ks"kdj dkys e`xdk peZA ¼flagpeZ½ 'k=qneu vpy lEifr
Hkksfrd o ikjyksfdd le`f) /ku lEink o eks{k iznk;dA ¼dqlklu½ dq'k uked ?kkl ls fufeZr
bl vklu ds mi;ksx ls lkfRodrk dk mnHko ikrd 'keu izrs ck/kkuk'k rFkk vkSt rst vkRe
fo'okl 'kkfUr ds fy, Hkh ;g izHkko'kkyh gksrk gSA ¼blds vykok dksbZ Hkh vklu 'kqHkdk;Z
 y{ehlk/kukds fl)kUr 66
esa iz;ksx ugha djuk pkfg,½
7-- ekyk%& ewxaW ds hekykmÙke] bldsvykok rqylh:nzk{k ;k ykypUnudh ekykdk Hkh iz;ksxgksldrsgAaS
¼dqN vU; ekykvksa dk o.kZu ;gkWa vU; nsorkvksa dh iwtk ds fy, fy[k jgk gw½aW ¼gkFkh nkWra dh
ekyk½ x.ks'kthdh iwtkesa ¼yky pUnu dh ekyk½ x.ks'k rFkk nqxkZ ds fy,] nqxkZ ds lHkh
vorjksa esa ;g ekyk iz;ksx esa yk ldrs gSAa ¼rqylh dh ekyk½ jke d`".k rFkk fo".kq mikluk
esa ¼dq'kkxzfUFk ekyk½ ikrd fuokj.k vk/;kfRed 'kkfUr rFkk Kku izkfIrds fy, ¼deyxV~Vds h
ekyk½ vfHkpkj lk/kukds fy, ¼iq=thokdh ekyk½ ekyk½lUrku izkfIrds fy, ¼pkWanhdhekyk½
ikSf"VddeksdZa s vUrxZr] jkSxuk'k] 'kkfUr] Hk; fuokj.k] lqj{kk rFkk vkink eqfDr ds fy,
¼LQfVd o 'ka[kdh ekyk½ ;f{k.kh lk/kukds fy,A
8- iq"i%& dey iq"i ¼dey iq"i 5 fnuksa rd oklh ugha ekuk tkrk½ blds u feyus ij rqylh
ekyrh xqyko pEik dsrdh dnEc dusj ihys olUrh Qwy pesyh vylhiq"i rFkk nqokZnyA
¼fo'ks"k iq"i fo'ks"k iwtkesa fuEufyf[kr gS½a ¼f'ko iwtkes½a /krwjds s iq"iaA ¼Jhd`".kdh iwtkes½a
rqylhnyds iq"iA ¼fo".kqdh iwtkes½a oftZr iq"i%& /krwjk ikVy twgh t;k vkd v'kksd uhe
dpukj enkj] bldsvykok vU;lHkh izdkjds iq"iiz;ksxesa yk ldrs gSAa ysfdu%& 1- vfodflr
o v)Zfodflr Qwy dgha ugha pMkus pkfg,A dsoy pEik iq"idh dyh nso izfrek dks vfiZr
dh tkrh gSA 2- iq"iksda k nksuk vkdds irksda k ugha gksuk pkfg,A 3- 'kfDriwtkesa ¼vdZ½ enkjds
iq"ioftZr gSAa 4- lw;nZ os rkdh iwtkesa vkd /krwjk o rxjds iq"ioftZr gSAa 5- Qwyksda ks rksMdj
o mYVh fLFkfr esa ugha pMkuk pkfg,A 6- Hkwfeij iMs gq,] dhMksa ls dqrjs gq,] oklh] v'kq)]
ekWxa s gq,] iq"i lk/kukdks fu"Qy djrs gSAa 7- nksigj i'pkr Qwy ugha rksMus pkfg,A 8- csyi=]
rqylhi= o ikui= VwVs ;k fNUu voLFkkesa Hkh iz;kstuh; gSAa 9- nsohiwtuesa nqokZny fo".kqdks
v{kr, x.ks'kth dks rqylhny rFkk lw;Z Hkxokudks osyi= vfiZr djuk oftZr gSA
9- pUnu%& flQZ yky pUnuA
10- gou%& gou lkexzhesa ?kh o 'kDdj feykdj] ngh vkSj ?khds feJ.k dh vkgqrh rFkk ?k`r
foYoi= o dkys fryds feJ.k dh vkgqrhA
11- fn'kk fopkj%& ¼d½ xU/k iq"i o vyadkj nso izfrekds Bhd lkeus ¼[k½ /kwi vxjcrh
izfrekds Bhd ckW;a s vksj ¼x½ nhi nso izfrekds nkW;a s vksj ¼?k½ uSo|s nf{k.kdh vksj ¼³½ lkÌd
dk eqgaW if'pedh vksj ¼p½ gouds le; lk/kddk eqgaW iwodZ h vksj goudq.M mlds lkeusA
ea= laLdkj%& dksbZ Hkh ea= fufoZ?u :ils lEiw.kZ djus ds fy, ea=ti djus ls ifgys ¼¬ ue%
lokZFkZ lkf/kuh Lokgk½
Lokgk½ls nlekyk tidjuk rFkk ,d ekyk gou djus ls ea= laLdkj gks ta krk
gSA bl laLdkjdjusds ckn ;fndksbZ fo?u ck/kk vkos rks Hkh lk/kukdks funks"Z k gh ekuktkrk gSA
y{ehthdk ea=%& ¬ Jha fJ;S ue%AA
ea= la[;k%& dksbZ Hkh ea= lk/kuk gks ;fn nSfud gks rks 1]2]4]5 ;k bPNkuqlkj gh ekyk dk
 67
ti cgqr gS ysfdu ;fn fdlh fo'ks"k vuq"Bkudh fLFkfresa ;k lk/kukesa la[;k fu/kkZfjr djuh
iMrh gSA og la[;k 51 gtkj 71 gtkj lok yk[k 5yk[k 10 yk[k bR;kfn tks gks buea=ks
dks fuf'pr vofÌ esa 7]15]21]31]41] fnuesa leku :ils foHkDr djds izfrfnu mruh gh
ekyk tiuh pkfg, rkfd Bhdle; esa iwjh la[;kdk tiiwjk gks lds rFkk ea= dh ftruh la[;kdk
ti gks mldk n'kekW'a k Hkkx gou djuk pkfg,A ti gou ds i'pkr lkeF;Zulq kj 5]7]11]21]
czkã.kdqekjksda ks ;k ckfydkvksda ks vFkok nhu nqf[k;ksda ks Hkkstu djkuk pkfg,A
flf) ea=%& ea=laLdkjds ckn ;fn ea= lk/kukds lkFk lkFk fl)Hkh djukgks rks flf)ea= dsoy
izFke fnu laLdkjea=ds ckndjds vHkh"Vea= tiukpkfg,A ¼flf) ea=½ ¬ Jha ikoZrhir;sue%A
ea= lk/kukesa fu;e%& ea= lk/kuk esa lHkh iz;ksT; oLrqvksa dk tSls vklu] ekyk] oL=] iq"i]
goulkexzh rFkk nh{kk LFkku le; o ti la[;k vkfn dk n`MrkiwodZ ikyu djuk pkfg,A fofÌ
iwodZ iwtkls bZ"Vnsorkdhd`ik lqyHkgksrhgS vkSj bZ"Vnsorkdhd`ik izkIrgksrgs h dkeukiwrhZ gks tkrhgSA
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6& ok.khdk laryq u ;FkklEHko ekSuA 7& fujUrj ea= ti vFkok bZ"Vnsork dk Lej.k fpUruA
8& euksfodkjksa ij fu;U=.k Hk;] Hkze] dkz/s k] 'kkSd] bZ";kZ] }s"k] vJ)k] HkkSfrd lq[kksda k fpUru]
lqLoknq Hkkstudh ykylk] flf)ds nq:i;ksxdh dYiuk rFkk Ny ik[k.M tSlh euksof` rdk neuA
fof/k%& lk/kd dks pkfg, fd og fdlh ,dkUr LFkku dks yhi iksrdj ifo= cuk;s ogha nsoh
izfrek LFkkfir dj fuR; iwtu djsA LukuksijkUr if'pedh vksj eq[kdjds oLrqxr vkluij
;Fkk;ksX; ;ksxklu esa cSBs nsoh izfrek Bhd lkeus gksA izfrekdh "kksM'kksipkj iwtkdj] vHkh"V
ea= dk fu;e tks mij fy[kk gS mlds vuqlkj ti djuk pkfg,A nSfud iwtk ds vykok fo'ks"k
iwtk esa iwofZ yf[kr lHkh fu;e ykxw gksus pkfg,A
Jh;a= iwtu fof/k%& 'kqHk eqgrq Z tSls oS'kk[k T;s"B dkfrZd vxgu vkSj ek?kdk efguk blesa
Hkh dkfrZd vkSj ek?kdk efguk loZJ"s B gksrk gSA buesa f}rh;k iapeh lIreh }kn'kh =+ ;ksn'kh
dsoy 'kqDyi{kdh ,oa iwf.kZek buesa ls fdlh ,d frfFkls vkjEHk djuh pkfg,A u{k=ksa es jksfg.kh
iquoZlq iq"; gLr rhuksa mrjk vkSj jsorh Js"B ekus x;s gSAa fnuks esa cq/kokj xq:okj o 'kqØokj
bu rhuks dk lkeaT;L; feykdj lk/kukdh lQyrk vkSj bZ"Vdk vuqdyw lEHko gksrk gSA blds
vykok pS= vksj Dokjds uojk=ksa esa izfrinkls uoehrd rFkk dkfrZdesa /kursjlls ikWpa fnuks rd
dkfrZd 'kqDr f}rh;krddk le; ;a= lkÌukds fy, fufoZokn flf)nk;d gksrk gSA
bl izdkj 'kqHk eqgrq Z esa Lo.kZi= jtri= rkezi= vFkok Hkksti= fdlh ij Hkh ;a= dh
LFkkiuk djsAa rnqijkUr mldh izk.k izfr"Bkdjkdj fof/kor iwtkx`gesa LFkkfir djsAa blds ckn
iwtkesa LoPN 'kq)oL= Ìkj.k djuk pkfg,a oL= yky jaxdk fouk flyk gksuk pkfg,A ;a= ds
lkeus dEcyds vkluij iwodZ h vksj eqgaW dj cSBdj ;a=dks bl ea= ls iz.kke djuk pkfg,A
 fo'ks"k flf)&ea= 68
fnO;ka ijka lq/koy pØ;krka ewykfn foUnq ifjiw.kZ dykRe :ikaA
fLFkR;kfRldka 'kj/kuq l`f.k ik'kgLrka] JhpØrka ifj.krka lrra uekfeAA
fQj bl ea=ls nsoh dk /;ku djuk pkfg,A
okykdZ;rq rtla f=u;uka jDrkEcjhYykfluhA ukukyad`frjkteku oiq"kaokysUnq ;qr 'ks[kje~AA
gLrSfj{k /kuq% l`f.klqj'kja ik'kaeqnkfoHkzrheA JhpØfLFkrlqUnjh f=txrkek/kkjHkwrkaHktsAA
blds i'pkr ;a=dh iwtk 'kq: djsAa iwtk esa iapke`r ;k xaxktyls ;a=dks Lukudjkdj yky iq"i
v{kr /kwi nhi uSo|s vfiZr djuk pkfg,A dy'k ij ?khdk nhid tykdj ea= ti izkjEHk
djukA tids fy, yky eWxaw k yky pUnu ;k :nzk{k dh ekyk Js"B gksrh gSA
ea=%& âha da , y âha g l d y âhaa l d y âha
ti ds le; ea= dk mPpkj.k 'kq)rk ls eUnre Lojesa ;k ekSu Loj esa Hkh dj ldrs
gSA ea= lekfIrij ;a= dks iz.kke djuk pkfg,A
¼bldsvykok y{ehthdh vuqdyw rkikusds fy, JhlwDr] #nz;keyksDrJhlwDrlEiqViqj'pj.k
fofÌ] egky{E;"VdLrks=] _.keqfDrx.ks'kLrks= o _.kekspueaxyLrks= Hkh gSaA½
JhlwDr% ladYi%& ns'kdkykS ladhR;Z ee ldqVqEcL; lifjokjL; fuR;dY;k.kizkIrFkZe
y{ehfouk'kiwodZ euksfHkyf"krfoiqyy{ehizkIrFkZa loZnk ee x`gs y{ehfuoklkFkZa p Jhegky{ehnsO;k%
izhR;FkZa JhlwDrL; ikBega dfj";sAA
¬ fgj.;o.kkZgfj.kha lqo.kZjtròtke~A pUnzkfgj.;e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogAA1
¬ rka e vk og tkrosnks y{eheuixkfeuhe~A ;L;ka fgj.;a foUns;a xke'oa iq#"kkuge~AA2
¬ v'oiwokZa jFke/;ka gfLrukn izeksfnuhe~A fJ;a nsoheqià;s Jheka nsoh tq"krke~AA3
¬ dkalksfLerka fgj.;izkdkjkeknzkaZ ToyUrha r`IrkariZ;Urhe~A iùsfLFkrka iùo.kkZ rkfegksià;s fJ;e~AA4
¬ pUnzkia Hz kklka;'klkToyUrhafJ;ayksdns os tq"Vkeqnkjke~A rkaiùuheha'kj.kaiiz |s·s y{ehesuZ ';rkaRokao.` ksAA5
¬ vkfnR;o.ksrZ ilksfs /ktkrks ouLifrLro o`{kks·s FkfcYo%] rL;Qykfu rilk uqnUrq;k vUrjk;k'p ckávy{eh%A6
¬ miSrq eka nsol[k% dhfrZ'p ef.kuklgA izknqHkwrZ ksfs Le jk"Vsfª Leu~ dhfrZef` )a nnkrq esAA7
¬ {kqfRiiklkeyka T;s"Bkey{eha uk'k;kE;ge~A vHkwfrele`f)ap lokZa fu.kqnZ es x`gkr~AA8
¬ xUÌ }kjka nqjkÌ"kkZa fuR;iq"Vka djhf"k.khe~A bZ'ojha loZHkwrkuka rkfegks ià;s fJ;e~AA9
¬ eul% dkeekdwfra okp% lR;e'khefgA Ik'kwuka :ieUuL; ef; Jh% J;rka ;'k%AA10
¬ dnZeus iztkHkwrk ef; laHko dnZeA fJ;a okl; es dqys ekrja iùekfyuhe~AA11
¬vki% l`tUrq fLuX/kkfu fpDyhr ol es x`gAs fu p nsoha ekrja fJ;a okl; es dqyAs A12
¬ vknzkaZ iq"dfj.kha iqf"Va fiaxyka iùekfyuhe~A pUnzka fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogAA13
¬ vknzkaZ ;% dfj.kha ;f"Va lqo.kkZa gse ekfyuhe~A lw;kZa fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk ogAA14
¬ rka e vk og tkrosnks y{eh euixkfeuhe~A ;L;ka fgj.;a izHkwra xkoks nkL;ks's oku~ foUns;a iq#"kkuge~AA15
¬ ;% 'kqfp% iz;rks HkwRok tqg;q knkT;eUoge~A lwäa içn'kpZa p Jhdke% lrra tisrA~ A16
 69
AA #nz;keyksDrJhlwDrlEiqViqj'pj.kfofÌ%AA
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ fgj.;o.kkZgfj.kha lqo.kZjtròtke~A pUnzkfgj.;e;ha
y{eha tkrosnks e vk og] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA1
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ rka e vk og tkrosnks y{eheuixkfeuhe~A ;L;ka
fgj.;a foUns;a xke'oa iq#"kkuge~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[k Hk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA2
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ v'oiwokZa jFke/;ka gfLrukn izeksfnuhe~A fJ;a
nsoheqià;s Jheka nsoh tq"krke~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA3
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%]
LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ dka lksfLerka fgj.;izkdkjkeknzkaZ ToyUrha r`Irka riZ;Urhe~A iùsfLFkrka
iùo.kkZ rkfegksià;s fJ;e~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA4
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%]
LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ pUnzka izHkklka ;'klkToyUrha fJ;a yksds nso tq"Vkeqnkjke~ rka iùuheha
'kj.ka izi|s·s y{ehesZ u';rka Roka o`.ks] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkj dj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA5
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%]
LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬vkfnR;o.ksZ rilksfs /ktkrks ouLifrLro o`{kks·s FkfcYo%A rL; Qykfu
rilk uqnUrq;k vUrjk;k'p ckák vy{eh%] nkfjnz;~ nq%[k Hk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkj dj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA6
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ miSrq eka nsol[k% dhfrZ'p ef.kuklgA izknqHkwrZ ksfs Le
jk"VsªfLeu~ dhfrZe`f)a nnkrq es] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA7
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ {kqfRiiklkeyka T;s"Bkey{eha uk'k;kE;ge~A
vHkwfrele`f)ap lokZa fu.kqnZ es x`gkr~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA8
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ xUÌ }kjka nqjkÌ"kkZa fuR;iq"Vka djhf"k.khe~A bZ'ojha
loZHkwrkuka rkfegks ià;s fJ;e~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA9
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ eul% dkeekdwfra okp% lR;e'khefgA Ik'kwuka
:ieUuL; ef; Jh% J;rka ;'k%] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA10
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
 u`flag&tkxzrea= o ihBiwtk 70
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ dnZeus iztkHkwrk ef; laHko dnZeA fJ;a okl;
es dqys ekrja iùekfyuhe~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA11
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ vki% l`tUrq fLuX/kkfu fpDyhr ol es x`gAs fu
p nsoha ekrja fJ;a okl; es dqy]s nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA12
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ vknzkaZ iq"dfj.kha iqf"Va fiaxyka iùekfyuhe~A pUnzka
fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk og] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA13
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ vknzkaZ ;% dfj.kha ;f"Va lqo.kkZa gse ekfyuhe~A lw;kZa
fgj.e;ha y{eha tkrosnks e vk og] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA14
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%]
LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ rka e vk og tkrosnksy{eheuixkfeuhe~A ;L;kafgj.;aiHz kwra xkoksnkL;ks's oku~
foUns;a iq#"kkuge~] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA15
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] ¬ ;% 'kqfp% iz;rks HkwRok tqg;q knkT;eUoge~A lwäa
içn'kpZa p Jhdke% lrra tisr]~ nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk; lnk·nzfZ prkA16
¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%] ¬ nqxZs Le`rk gjfl
Hkhfre'ks"ktUrks%] LoLFkS% Le`rk efrerho 'kqHkka nnkfl] nkfjnz;~ nq%[kHk;gkfjf.k dk RonU;k] loksiZ dkjdj.kk;
lnk·nzfZ prkA ¬ Jha âha Jha deys deyky;s izlhn izlhn Jha âha Jha ¬ egky{E;S ue%AA
egky{E;"VdLrks=%& ueLrs·Lrq egkek;s JhihBs lqjiwftrsA 'kƒpØxnkgLrs egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A1
ueLrs x#Mk:<s dksyklqjHk;˚fjA loZikigjs nsfo egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A2
loZKs loZojns loZn"q VHk;˚fjA lozn%q [kgjs nsfo egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A3
flf)cqf)izns nsfo Hkqfä&eqfäiznkf;fuA eU=iwrs lnk nsfo egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A4
vk|Urjfgrs nsfo vk|'kfäegs'ofja ;ksxts ;ksxlEHkwrs egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A5
LFkwylw{eegkjksnsz egk'kfäegksnjsA egkikigjs nsfo egkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A6
iµklufLFkrs nsfo ijczãLo:fif.kA ijesf'k txUekreZgkyf{e ueks·LrqrAs A7
'osrkEcj/kjs nsfo ukuky˚kjHkwf"krsA txfLFkrs txUekreZgkyf{e ueks·rqrAs A8
egky{E;"Vda Lrks=a ;% iBsnH~ kfäekUuj%A loZflf)eokIuksfr jkT;ekIuksfr loZnkAA9
_.keqfDrx.ks'kLrks=% fofu;ksx%& vL; Jh_.kfoekspuegkx.kifrLrks=eU=L; 'kqØkpk;Z _f"k
_.kfoekspuegkx.kifrnsoZ rk vuq"VqiN~ Un% _.kfoekspuegkx.kifrizhR;FksZ tis fofu;ksx%AA
 71
¬ Lejkfe nsonso's ka oØrq.Ma egkcye~A "kM{kja d`ikflUÌqa uekfe _.keqä;sAA1
egkx.kifra oUns egklsraq egkcye~A ,desokf}rh;a rq uekfe _.keeqä;sAA2
,dk{kja RosdnUresda czã lukrue~A egkfo?ugja nsoa uekfe _.keqä;sAA3
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jäkEcja jäo.kZa jäxU/kkuqyis ue~A jäiq"iS% iwT;ekua uekfe _.keqä;sAA5
d`".kkEcja d`".ko.kZa d`".kxU/kkuqyis ue~A d`".k;Kksiohra p uekfe _.keqä;sAA6
ihrkEcja ihro.kZa ihrxU/kkuqyis ue~A ihriq"iS% iwT;ekua uekfe _.keqä;sAA7
lokZReda loZo.kZa loZxU/kkuqyis ue~A loZi"q iS% iwT;ekua uekfe _.keqä;sAA8
_.kekspueaxyLrks=%& e©yks Hkwfeiq=í _.kgrkZ /kuizn%A fLFkjkluks egkdk;% loZdkefojksÌd%AA
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ihfy;kHksnea= rFkk egke`R;q×t;ea= Hkh fl) fd;s tkrs gSaAA½
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;g ea= Hkh dsljls Hkksti=ij fy[kdj fl) djds rkoht cukdj xys ;k gkFk ij ckW/a kukAA
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dkWla k dk crZu ekWa dMqvk rsy Mkyhd 5 nwcdh Mkyh u flj cVhu ¬nSa >.kuA
o'khdj.k ea=%& ¬ ueks #rys Hkhts ujflag dke cSBs diky eksgs js eksgs eksfgY;k ohj eksfgY;kbZ
tksbyk ohj tksbykbZ ¼ftldks o'kesa djuk gks mldk uke½ dh ckW;a k ikYyk o'k djh Y;kbZ uh
Y;kbZ rks ekrk dkfydk dk iki iMh tkbZ] guqeUr ohj dh iMs nqgkbZ] xq: xkSj[kukFkdh iMs nqgkbZ
Qksj ea= bZ'ojksokp%A
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QWdaw ns.kA
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utjls lHkkekWa uk cksyds ksbZ jkT;oS';eq[kh jkT;oS';eq[kh iztkeq[khiztkeq[kh Qksjea= QVLokgkA 21
ckjguqeUrhflUnwjea=hdrsea kFkkijyxsras ;k gkFkijyhtsdrsdhrjQQWdwa ekj.kA ¼twHkhjktf/kdkjhgksy½w
cxykeq[kh%& ¬ Èha cxykeq[khloZn"q "Vkuka okpae[q kaLrEHk; ftàkWda hy; cqf)auk'k; Èha ¬ Lokgk
AA x.Mewy u{k=AA
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vf'ouhdqekjsH;ka ue%AA 5000
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lisHZ ;kSue%AA 10000
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LoÌkue% v{kUukfirjkS·ehenUr firjks·rh r`iUrfirj% firj% 'kqUÌ/oe~A fi=sH;% ue%AA 10000
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uks e?kok ÌkfRoUnz%A 'kqØk;ue%AA 5000
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lUrqeáe~AA ¬ i×pu|% ljLorhefi ;fUr lòksrl%A ljLorh rq i×p/kk lks ns'ksHs koRlfjr~A ¬
o#.kL;ksrEHkuefl o#.kL; LdEHkltZuh LFkks o#.kL; _rlnU;fl o#.kL; _rlnuefl
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n/kkfe c`gLirs"V~ok lkezkT;sukfHkf"k×pkE;lkSA ¬ nsoL;Roklforq% izlosf'ouksckZgHq ;ka iw".kks gLrkH;ke~A
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 73
fHkf"k×pkfe ljLoR;S% HkS"kT;su oh;kZUukn~î;k fHkf"k×pkehUnzL;sfUnz;.s k cyk;f'J;S ;'kls·s fHf"k×pkfeA
¬ fOo'okfu nso lfornqfZ jrkfu ijklqoA ;öanaz rUu·vklqoA ¬ fo".kks jjkVefl fo".kks%'uI=sLRFkks
fo".kks%L;wjfl fo".kksn/~ kzoq ksflA oS".koeflfo".kosRokA ¬ vfXunsoZ rkokrks nsork lw;ksZ nsork pUnzeknsork
oloksnos rk #nzknsork··fnR;k nsork e#rks nsorkA fo'osnos knsork c`gLifrnsoZ rsUnzks nsork o#.ksknsorkAA
¬ ew)kZfljk³~/kzoq ksfl o#.kk/k=;Zfl /kj.khA vk;q"ksÙok OoPpZlÙs ok d`";SÙok {ksek;ÙokAA ¬ |kS%
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i'kqH;%A lq'kkfUrHkZorq A lfjr% lkxjk% 'kSykLrhFkkZfu tynk unk%A ,rs RokefHkf"kŒpUrq loZdkekFkZflð;sA
'kkfUr% iqf"VLrqf"V'pkLrqA ve`rkfHk"ksdks·LrqA ¬ 'kkfUr% ¬ 'kkfUr% ¬ 'kkfUr%A lq'kkfUrHkZorqAA
ve`rlathouh%& ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% rRlforqojZ .s ;a ×;Ecda ;tkeg lqxfU/kEiqf"V oðZue~ HkxksnZ os L;
/khefg mOokZ:dfeo cU/kukfð;ks ;ks u% izpksn;kUe`R;kseZ {Zq kh; eke`rkr AA
egke`R;q×t;%& ¬ gkSa twaW l% ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% ×;Ecda ;tkegs lqxfU/kEiqf"VoðZue~ mOokZ:dfeo
cUÌukUe`R;kseZ {Zq kh; eke`rkr HkwHkqoZ % Lojksa twaW l% gkSa ¬AA
f’ko&iq"ikŒtfy%& vlfrfxfjlea L;kRdTtya flU/kqik=s] lqjr#oj’kk[kk ys[kuhi=ewohZAA
fy[kfr ;fn x`ghRok ’kkjnk loZdkya] rnfi ro xq.kkukeh’k ikja u ;kfrAA
oUns nsoeqekifra lqjxq#a oUns txr~ dkj.ka] oUns iUuxHkw"k.ka e`x/kja oUns i’kwuka ifraAA
oUns lw;Z ’k’kkad ofõu;ua oUns eqdUq nfiz;e] oUns HkätukJ;×p ojna oUns f’koa ’kadjaAA
’kkUra iùkluLFka ’k’k/kjeqdVq a iŒpoD=a f=us=]a ’kwyoa tza p [kMxa ij’kqeHk;na nf{k.kkaxs ogUre~AA
ukxaik’ka p ?k.Vka Me#dlfgra lk˚q’kaokeHkkxs] ukukya˚kj;qDra LQfVdef.kfuHka ikoZrh’ka uekfeAA
’e’kkus"okØhMk Lejgj fi’kkpk% lgpjkfÜprkHkLekysi% òxfi u`djksVhifjdj%AA
ve©Y;a ’khya ro Hkorq ukesoef[kya rFkkfi Ler`.Z kka ojn ijea eaxyeflAA
AA ¬ ueks xq#th dkSa vkns'kAA
u`flag tkxzr ea=%& ¬ ueks xq# th dksaSs vkns'k&izFkes ukjflag nsork ekyk eqf[k vtZ xY;kfj
uhyk dkSya iapfl okfM] ##ukFk] gkM dikfy czãk dks iqr 'kadj dks ukfr ] rc iwtkSa rksbZ ek?k
ekl dh jkfrA dkfy pkSnf'k fo'k xq.k oqR;k Qkxq.k ekl tke.k ykxs pSr ekl Qqyq .k ykxs
oS'kk[k ekl Qy.k ykxs tsB ekl id.k ykxs vk"kk< ekl dfy miftxs nkukSa HkLe dks iqr]
v.kqtk dks tk;ks rc ujflag uke ik;ks lzka tkx&tkx rq ohj u`flag] osn ea= tkx] tksx ta=
tkx] xaxk dk Luku tkx] dsnkj dk mnd tkx] izHkkr dk igjk tkx] /keZ dh osyk tkx] tgka
rksbZ lqfejksa rgka tkxA rksbZ lqfejksa j.ko.k] rksbZ lqfejksa foankz o.k] rksbZ lqfejksa dksV dksBkj] rksbZ
lqfejksa Hkfja;ka HkaMkj] rksbZ lqfejkSa vkSlku dh osyk] rksbZ lqfejkSa ensMq dk nq%[k] rq esjks ekbZ oki
ujflag] rksbZ lqfejkSa rgka tkx] viuk LFky eaMy fd iwtk tkx rq tl ysbZ eSa tl nsbZ Qwj ea=k
 fir`&riZ.k 74
bZ'ojksokpAA ¬ ueks xq#th dks vkns'kAA
u`flag ihB&iwtk%& ¬ iwoZs m|ku ihBk;Sue%] ¬ nf{k.ks dkek{k ihBk;Sue%] ¬ if'petkya/kj
ihBk;S ue%] ¬ mÙkj iw.kZfxfj ihBk;S ue%A ¬ f'kokKk; Jhu`flag HkSjo mxz:ik; rstks e; egk
Tokyu ihBk;S ue%A ¬ gj gj u`flag n'k vorkj mits] ujflag fn'kk pkj] mÙkjs] nf{k.k iwo]Zs
if'pes izFkes pdzFkk fiysA Jf"V fd ekbZ dgkS ujflag dkSu ekbZ u oki ukfp] pdz Q~fVax dk
Nktk rgkWa pfy x;ks ujflag jktk] okts usoj os.k dk oktk] os.k xfM tqt yrk vk;k ujflag
jktk izFke f=dks.kfd iwtk] rqjus jflag ohj vkSj ufga nwtk] 'kfDr pdz ujflag dkSa fnus otz [kEHk
QksfMd izºykn fNusA gj gj ujflag otz dkSa okans nso NksfM nkukSa lknss gj gj ujflag iwoZ fn'kkrs
oSfn cqykmW] nf{k.k tksfxf.k] lT;k ukmW] nf{k.k tksxf.k gadkjkSa okj izFke xkSjk oS|k pkj gfjr
jDr fiaxy lksfgr dkyk ?kV pdzfy oS|k u`flag okyk pys p.kZ rks usoj ckts "k"V dks.k HkSjo
e.My xktS] otz dksBk [kksykSa rkyk ogka FkkikSa HkSjkS dkyk yqyks ujflag pys Hkzoq ks HkSjo pysA
vkjrh%& ¬ bn¤gfo% iztuua es vLrq n'kohj¤loZx.k¤LoLr;sA vkRelfu iztklfu
Ik'kqlfu yksdlU; Hk;lfuA vfXu% iztka cgqyka es djksRoUua i;kss jsrks vLeklq /kuA
loZeU=kdhyuLrks=eU=%& ¼¬ mxza ohja egkfo".kqa ToyUra loZrkse[q ke~A u`flaga Hkh"k.ka Hknza
e`R;q&e`R;qa uekE;ge~AA bl ea= dks i<dj dq'kk }kjk ty fNMdus ls izrs ck/k 'kkUr gksrh gSAA½
Hkwr&izrs ck/kvksda ks >kMus dk eU=%& ¬ ,sa Jha Ðka âha LQzas [Qzas g~lkSas g~L[Qzas g~lkSa ¬ ueks guqers
egkcyijkdze ee ijL; p Hkwr&izrs fi'kkp&'kkfduh&Mkfduh&;f{k.kh iwruk&ekjh&egkekjh&d`R;k
;{k jk{kl HkSjo osrky xzg czãxzg czã jk{klkfndtkr dwjz ck/kku~ {k.ksu gu gu t`EHk; t`EHk;
fujkl; fujkl; okj; okj; cUÌ; cUÌ; uqn uqn lwn lwn Ìquq Ìquq eksp; eksp; ekesua p j{k
j{k egkekgsÜoj #nzkorkj gkgkgk gwga gaw aw gqga gqa qa ?ks?ks?ks gwa QV~ LokgkAA ¼Jh guqeku~ th dk ekufld
?;kudj Hkwr &izrs vkfn ck/kkxzLr jksxh ij mi;qDZ r eU= dks i<rk gqvk ljlksa dk nkuk Qsda us
ls Hkwr&izrs fi'kkpkfn ls mRiUu lHkh ck/kk,sa 'kh?kz u"V gks tkrh gS½a AA
lHkh jksxa kas dks >kMus dk eU=%& ¬ ,sa Jha Ðka Ðha LQzas [Qzas g~lkSas g~L[Qzas g~lkSa ¬ ueks guqers
egkcyijkdze ee ijL; p {k; dq"B x.Mekyk& LQksVda {krTojeSdkfgda };fgda =+;kfgda
pkrqfFkZda lUrrToja lkfUuikfrdToja HkwrToja eU=Toja 'kwy&HkxUnj ew=kd`PNª diky'kwy
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¼'kfuokj ,oa eaxyokj ds fnu guqeku th dk ekufld ?;ku vkSj iz.kke dj dq'kk vFkok pkdw
ls bl eU=k dks i<rs gq, jksxh dks >kMus ls lHkh jksx lewy u"V gks tkrs gS½a AA
dSnls NqMkusds fy,%& d`".k d`".k egk;ksfxaLRoek|% iq#"k% ij%A O;äkO;äfena foÜoa :ia rs
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iziUukaókrqegZFk%AA 10&19&9
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d`".k d`".k egkHkkx RoUukFka xksdyq a izHkksA =krqegZfl nsokUu% dqfirkn~ HkäoRlyAA 10&25&13
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10&27&19
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10&70&25¼Jheökxorls½
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rq"Vkr~] Rorks u`.kka fdeq liRu t;kfnjk'kh%AA 8&17&10
jksx eqfDrds fy, fy,%& ¬ ueks Hkxors ujflagk; ueLrstLrstls vkfojkfoHkZo otzu[k otzn"a V~
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5&18&8 Jheökxorls
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lgls vkstls cyk; dkUrk; dkek; ueLrs mHk;= Hkw;krAA 5&18&18 Jheökxorls
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¬nsO;Lr`I;rkeA ¬ vIljlLr`I;rkeA ¬ nsokuqxkLr`I;rkeA ¬ ukxkLr`I;rkeA ¬ lkxjkLr`I;rkeA
¬ ioZrkLr`I;rkeA ¬ lfjrLr`I;rkeA ¬ euq";kLr`I;rkeA ¬;{kkLr`I;rkeA ¬j{kkaflLr`I;rkeA
¬fi'kkpkLr`I;rkeA ¬lqi.kkZLr`I;rkeA ¬Hkwrkfu r`I;rkeA ¬ i'koLr`I;rkeA ¬ ouLir;Lr`I;rkeA
¬ vks"kÌ;Lr`I;rkeA ¬ Hkwrxzke'prqfoZ/kLr`I;rkeA
¼fnO; euq";ksadks mrj fn'kkdh vksj eqWagdj tusÅdks d.Bhdh rjgdj xeNsdks Hkh
daBhdh rjgdj lhÌk cSBdj nks&nks vatfy iztkiR; rhFkZls riZ.kdjsAa ½ vkokgue~%& ¬
HkwHkqoZ % Lo% ludkn;% lIreuq";k bgkxNUrq bgkfr"BUrq x`ºoURosrkŒtykŒtyhuAA ¬ ludLr`I;rkeA
¬ luUnuLr`I;rkeA ¬ lukruLr`I;rkeA ¬ dfiyLr`I;rkeA ¬ vklqfjLr`I;rkeA ¬ oks<Lq r`I;rkeA
¬ iŒpf'k[kLr`I;rkeAA ¼iqu% iwokZfHkeq[ksu ;otysu nsorhFksuZ lH;sudS dS eŒtfya ejhpkfnH;ks
n|kr½vkokgue~%& ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% ejhP;kn;ksn'k _"k; bgkxNUrq bgkfr"BUrq x`ºoURosrkŒtykŒtyhuAA
¬ejhfpLr`I;rkeA ¬ vf=Lr`I;rkeA ¬ vafxjkLr`I;rkeA ¬ iqyLR;Lr`I;rkeA ¬ iqygLr`I;rkeA
¬ ØrqLr`I;rkeA ¬ ofl"BLr`I;rkeA ¬ izprs kLr`I;rkeA ¬ Hk`xLq r`I;rkeA ¬ ukjnLr`I;rkeA
fi=ksadks nf{k.k fn'kkdh vksj eqWagdj tusÅdks vilO;dj xeNsdks Hkh nkfgus daÌsij
j[kdj rFkk ckWa;k ?kqVuk tehuij yxkdj rhu&rhu vatfy fir`&rhFkZls riZ.kdjsA
 77
vkokgue~%& ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% dO;okMukn;ks fnO; firj% bgkxNUrq bgk fr"BUrq x`ºoURosrkŒtykŒtyhuA
¬ dO;okMuyLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS Lo/kkA
¬ lkseLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ ;eLr`I;rke~
bna lfrya tya xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ v;Zek r`I;rke~ bna lfrya
tya xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ vfXu"okrk% firjLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya
tya xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ lkseik% firjLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya
xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ gfo"eUr% firjLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya
xaxktya ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ m"eik% firjLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya xaxktya
ok rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkA ¬ cfgZ"kn% firjLr`I;rke~ bna lfrya tya xaxktya ok
rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¼rrks vilO;suos LoÌk oT;Z prqn'Z k ;eka LriZ;rs ½
vkokgue~%&&¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% prqn'Z k ;eksn;ks ;ek bgkxNUrq bgk fr"BUrq x`ºoURosrkŒtykŒtyhuAA
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ue%A ¬ loZHkwr{k;k;ue%A ¬ vkSnEq cjk;ue%A ¬ n/uk;ue%A ¬ uhyk;ue%A ¬ ijesf"Busue%A
¬ o`dksnjk;ue%A ¬ fp=k;ue%A ¬ fp=xqIrk;ue%AA prqn'Z k;ek% LofLra dqoUZ rqels nkA
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fir`
enUrksfÌ czoq Urq rsoURoLeku~AA vkxNUrq es firjkS x`ºoURosrkŒtykŒtyhuAA ¼iqu% nf{k.kkfHkeq[kks
HkwRok fir`rhFksuZ rqylhny'osrpUnukfnda fir`rhFksuZ f=dq'k;k fir`LriZ;rs ½ ¬ mnhjrkeou
mRijkl mUe/;ek% firj% lksE;kl%A vlqa ; bZ;jq o`d _rKkLrs uksoUrq firjks gos"kqAA ¬ v|keqd
xks=kS #nzLo:iks veqd ukEus firkLr`I;rkfena lfrya xaxksnda rLeS LoÌkA ¬ vafxjlks u% firjks
uoXok vFkokZ.kks Hk`xo% lksE;kl%A rs"kka op¤ lqerkS ;fK;kukefi Hknzs lkSeuls L;keAA ¬
v|keqdxks=kS #nzLo:iks veqd ukEus firkLr`I;rkfenalfryaxxa ksnda rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¬
vk;Urqu% firj% lksE;klksfXu"okrk% ifFkfHknsoZ ;kuS%A vfLeu~;Ks Lo/k;k enUrksfÌ cqoz Urq rsoURoLeku~AA
¬ v|keqdxks=kS #nzLo:iks veqd ukEus firkLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk
rLeS LoÌkAA r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~AA ¬ ÅtZa ogUrhj e`ra ?k`ra i;% dhykya ifjòqre~A
LoÌk LFk riZ;r es fir`uA~ A ¬ v|keqd xks=kS olq Lo:iks veqd ukEus firkegLr`I;rkfena
lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS LoÌkAA ¬ fir`H;% Lo/kkf;H;% LoÌkue%A firkegsH;% LoÌkf;H;% LoÌkue%A
izfirkegsH;% Lo/kkf;H;% LoÌkue%A v{kfUirjksehenUrfirjksrh r`iUr firj% firj% 'kqUÌoe~AA ¬
v|keqdxks=kS olq Lo:iks veqd ukEus firkegLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS Lo/kk rLeS LoÌkAA
¬ ;s psg firjks ;s p usg ;kW'a p fon~e ;kWa m p u izfon~eA Roa osRFk ;fr rs tkrosn% LoÌkfHk;ZK
¤lqdr` a tq"kLoAA ¬ v|keqdxks=kS olq Lo:iks veqd ukEus firkegLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda
rLeS LoÌk rLeS Lo/kk rLeS Lo/kkAA r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~AA ¬ e/kqokrk _rk;rs eÌq
{kjfUrflU/ko%A ek/ohuZ%lURoks"k/kh%AA ¬ v|keqd xks=kS vkfnR; Lo:iks veqdukEus izfirkegLr`I;rkfena
 78
lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS Lo/kkA ¬ e/kq uDreqrks"klks e/kqeRikfFkZo¤ jt%A e/kq |kSjLrq u% firkAA ¬
v|keqdxks=kS vkfnR; Lo:iks veqdukEus izfirkegLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS Lo/kk rLeS
LoÌkAA ¬ e/kqekUuks ouLifreZÌeq kWa vLrq lw;%Z A ek/ohxkZoks HkoUrq u%AA ¬ v|keqdxks=kS vkfnR;
Lo:iks veqd ukEus izfirkegLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS Lo/kk rLeS Lo/kk rLeS Lo/kkAA
r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~A r`Io/oe~A ¬ ueks o% firjks jlk; ueks o% firj% 'kks"kk; ueks o% firjks
thok; ueks o% firj% Lo/kk;S ueks o% firjks ?kksjk; ueks o% firjks eU;os ueks o% firj% firjks
ueks oks x`gkUu% firjks nr lrks o% firjks ns"eSr}% firjks okl vkÌrAA ¬ e/kqA e/kqA e/kqA
r`I;/oe~A r`I;/oe~A r`I;/oe~A
¬ v|keqdxks=k xk;=h Lo:ik veqdh nsoh r`I;rkfena lfrya xaxksnda rLeS Lo/kk rLeS LoÌk rLeS
LoÌkAA ¬ v|keqdxks=k lkfo=h Lo:iks veqdh nsoh firkegh r`I;rkfena lfrya xaxksnda rLeS
Lo/kk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¬ v|keqdxks=k ljLorh Lo:ik veqdh nsoh izfirkegh
r`I;rkfena lfrya xaxksnda rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¼'osriq"i pUnu rqylhny dq'k
;o fry v{kr ls fuEu ea=ks ds lkFk riZ.k djrs jgs½a
¬ mnhjrkeou mRijkl mUe/;ek% firj% lksE;kl%A vlqa ; bZ;jq o`d _rKkLrs uksoUrq firjks
gos"kqAA ¬ vafxjlks u% firjks uoXok vFkokZ.kks Hk`xo% lksE;kl%A rs"kka op¤ lqerkS ;fK;kukefi
Hknzs lkSeuls L;keAA ¬ vk;Urq u% firj% lksE;klksfXu"okrk% ifFkfHknsoZ ;kuS%A vfLeu~ ;Ks LoÌ;k
enUrksf/k cqoz Urq rsoURoLeku~AA ¬ ÅtZa ogUrhje`ra ?k`ra i;% dhykya ifjòqre~A Lo/kk LFk riZ;r
es fir`uA~ A ¬ fir`H;% LoÌkf;H;% Lo/kk ue%A firkegsH;% LoÌkf;H;% Lo/kk ue%A izfirkegsH;%
LoÌkf;H;% LoÌk ue%A v{kfUirjksehenUr firjksrh r`iUr firj% firj% 'kqUÌ/oe~AA
¬ ;spgs firjks ;spusg ;kW'a p fon~e;kWa m p u izfon~eA Roa osRFk;frrstkrosn% LoÌkfHk;ZK¤ lqdr` a
tq"kLoAA ¬ eÌqokrk_rk;rs eÌq{kjfUrflUÌo%A ek/ohuZ%lURoks"kÌh%AA eÌq u Dreq r ks " klks eÌq
eRikfFkZo¤jt%A eÌq|kSjLrq u% firkAA ¬ eÌqekUuksouLifreZÌeq kWv a Lrql;w %Z A ek/ohxkZoksHkoUrqu%AA
¬ v|keqdxks=kS #nz Lo:iks veqdukEus ekrkeg% liRuhdLr`I;rkfena lfrya xaxksnda rLeS
LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¬ v|keqdxks=kS olq Lo:iks veqdukEus izekrkeg% liRuhd
Lr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA ¬ v|keqdxks=kS vkfnR; Lo:iks
veqdukEus o`)izekrkegh liRuhdLr`I;rkfena lfryaxxa ksnda rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌk rLeS LoÌkAA
¬ T;s"Bk Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ dfu"Bk Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ vkpk;kZ Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ xq#o% Lr`I;Urke~A
¬ f'k";kLr`I;Urke~A ¬ Kkr;Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ vkReckUÌok Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ fir` ckUÌok Lr`I;Urke~A
¬ ekr` ckUÌok Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ Hkw nsok Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ Hkw euq";k Lr`I;Urke~A ¬ nsoklqjk LrFkk
ukxk ;{kk xUÌoZ fdUujk%A fi'kkpk xqºq ;dk% fl)k% dw"ek.Mk Lrjo% [kxk%AA1 tyspjk Hkwfepjk
ok¸ok Ìkjk'p tUro%A r`fIreSrs iz;kURok'kq eíÙk ukEcqukf[kykAA2 ujds"kq leLrs"kq ;krkuklq p
;s fLFkrkA rs"kkaekI;uk;S ríh;Ùks lfyya e;kAA3 vkczãLrEc i;ZUra nsof"kZ fir` ekuok%A r`I;Urq
 79
firj% loZs ekr` ekrkegkn;%AA vrhr dqy dksfVuk lIr}hi fuokfluke~A vkczã HkqoukWYa yksdkfnneLrq
fryksndaAA1 ;s ckUÌokckUÌok'p ;sU; tUefu ckUÌokA rs losZ r`fIrek;kUrq eírsu frykEcqukAA2
ekr`o'a ks e`rk ;s p fir`o'a ks e`rk'p ;sA xq: 'olqj cUÌwuka ;s pkU;s ckUÌok Le`rk%AA3 ujds"kq
leLrs"kq ;kruklq p ;s fLFkrkA rs losZ r`fIrek;kUrq ennrs ukEcqukf[kyk%AA ;s ds pkLeRdqys tkrk
viq=k xksf=.kks e`rk%A rs x`g.kUrq e;k nra cL=fu"ihMuksnde~A ¼rr miohrLukuoL=a
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tysukŒtkfy =; n|knilO;suAA ¼lO;a HkwRok =gLrks iknkS iz{kkY;kpE;] riZ.k ty
e/;s 'ka [ k pØ fofy[;] xU/kk{kr iq " ia r= cz ã kfn ns o s H ;ks ? ;Z |kr½ ¬
czã;KkuEizFkeEiqjLrkn~f}lher% lq#pksOosu·vko%A lccq/U;k·miek vL; fOo"Bk% lr'Üp
;ksfuelr'Üp fOoo%A1 ¬ czã.ksue%A ¬ bna fo"..kq£opDØes =s/kk fun/ks ine~A lew<eL; ik¤
lqjLs okgkA2 ¬ fo".kosue%A ¬ ueLrs #nzeU;omrksr b"kosue%A ckgqH;keqr rsue%A3 ¬
#nzk;ue%A ¬ vkd`".ksu jtlkorZekuks fuos'k;Uu e`rEeR;ZŒpA fgj.;;sulfork jFksuknsoks
;kfrHkqoukfuIk';u~A4 ¬ lkfo=sue%A ¬ =krkjfeUnzeforkj feUn¤ gos gos lqgo¤ 'kwjfeUnzeA~
ºo;kfe 'kDdzEiq#gwrfeUn¤ LofLr uks e?kok ÌkfRoUnz%A5 ¬ bUnzk;ue%A ¬ beEes Oo#.k'Jq
Ìhgoe|k p e`M; ÙokeoL;qjkpdsA6 ¬ o#.kk;ue%A
lw;kZ?;Z%& ¬ ,sfg lw;Z lgòk'kks rstksjk'sk txRirsA vuqdEi; eka HkDR;k x`gk.kk·?;Za ueks·LrqrAs A
¬ fpUnsokukeqnxknuh dŒp{kqfEeZ=L; Oo#.kL;kXus%A vkIizk|koki`fFkoh·vUrfj{k¤ lw¸;ZvkRek
txrLrLRFkq"k'pAA fn{kq nsorkuka ueLdkjk%%& ¬ izkP;S bUnzk;ue%A ¬ vkXus;S vXu;sue%A ¬
nf{k.kk;S ;ek;ue%A ¬ uS_R;s us_r;sue%A ¬ if'pek;S o#.kk;ue%A ¬ okO;;S ok;osue%A
¬ mnhP;S dqcjs k;ue%A ¬ bZ'kkU;S bZ'kkuk;ue%A ¬ Å/okZ;S czã.ksue%A ¬ vokP;S vuUrk;ue%AA
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rkfu uk'k; nso's k izfn{k.ka ins insAA lqfef=;k u vki vks"kÌ;% lUUrq ¼riZ.k tya f'kjfl
mRizk{s ;½ nqfef=;kLrL;S lUrq ;ks·Leku~ }sf"V ;a p o;a f}"e%A ¼tya f'kjfl HkzkfeRok HkwekS
rkM;sr½ leiZ.k%k%& vusu ;Fkk'kfDrd`rus nso£"keuq";fir`riZ.kk[;su deZ.kk Hkxoku fir`Lo:ih
tuknZuoklqnos % izh;rka u eeA ¬ rRln~ czãkiZ.keLrqAA izeknkr dqorZ ka deZ izP;osrk/ojs"kq ;r~A
Lej.kknso rn~fo".kks% lEiw.kZa L;kfnfr Jqfr%AA ;L; Le`R;k p ukeksDR;k riks;KfØ;kfn"kqA
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 80
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 9
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 11
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u';fUr O;kÌ;% losZ ywrkfoLQksVdkn;%A LFkkoja taxea pSo d`f=ea pkfi ;f}"ke~A 48
vfHkpkjkf.k lokZf.k eU=;U=kf.k HkwrysA Hkwpjk% [kspjkÜpSo tytkÜpksinsf'kdk%A 49
lgtk dqytk ekyk Mkfduh 'kkfduh rFkkA vUrfj{kpjk ?kksjk MkfdU;Üp egkcyk%AA egkcyk%AA50
 17
xzgHkwr fi'kkpkÜp ;{kxUÌoZjk{klk%A czãjk{klosrkyk% dw"ek.Mk HkSjokn;%AA 51
u';fUr n'kZukÙkL; dops âfn lafLFkrsA ekukséfrHkZosn~ jkKLrstks o`f)dja ije~AA 52
;'klk oÌZrs lks·fi dhfrZef.MrHkwrysA tisRlIr'krha p.Mha d`Rok rq dopa iqjkA 53
;kon~Hkwe.Mya ÌÙksl'kSy oudkuue~A rkofÙk"Bfr esfnU;ka larfr% iq=ikSf=dhA 54
nsgkUrs ijea LFkkua ;RlqjjS fi nqyHZ ke~A izkIuksfr iq#"kks fuR;a egkek;kizlknr%AA 55
yHkrsijea :ia f'kosu lg eksnrsAA 56
AA vFkxZykLrks=e~ AA
¬ vL; Jh vxZyk Lrks= eU=L; fo".kq_f"k% vuq"VqINUn% Jh egky{eh nsork Jh txnEck izhr;s
lIr'krh ikBkaxa Rosu tis fofu;ksx%AA
¬ ueÜpf.Mdk;SAA ekdZ.Ms; mokp AA
¬ t;Urh ee©ykdkyh ykdkyh HknzdkyhdikfyuhA nqxkZ {kek f'kokÌk=h Lokgk LoÌk ueks·LrqrAs AA1
t; Roa nsfo pkeq.Ms t; HkwrkfrZgkfjf.kA t; loZxrs nsfo dkyjkf= ueks·LrqrAs A 2
eÌqdVS HkfonzkfofoÌkr`ojns ue%A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 3
efg"kklqjfu.kkZf'k Hkäkuka lq[kns ue%A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 4
jächt oÌs nsfo p.Meq.Mfoukf'kfuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 5
'kqEHkL;So fu'kqEHkL; Ìwekz {kL; p efnZfuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 6
ofUnrkf³~?kz;qxs nsfo loZlkSHkkX;nkf;fuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnsfg f}"kks tfgAA 7
vfpUR;:ipfjr loZ'k=qfoukf'kfuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 8
ursH;% loZnk HkDR;k pf.Mds nqfjrkigsA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 9
Lrqon~H;ksHkfäiwoaZ Roka pf.MdsO;kfÌukf'kfuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA
tfgAA10
pf.Mds lrra ;s RokepZ;Urhg Hkfär%A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 11
nsfg lkSHkkX;ekjksX;a nsfg es ijea lq[ke~A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 12
foÌsfg f}"krka uk'ka foÌsfg cyeqPpdS%A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 13
foÌsfg nsfo dY;k.ka foÌsfg ijeka fJ;e~A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 14
lqjklqjf'kjksjRufu?k`"Vpj.ks·fEcdsA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 15
fo|koUra ;'kLoUra y{ehoUra tua dq#A :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 16
izp.MnSR;niZ?us pf.Mds iz.krk; esA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 17
prqHkqtZ s prqoDZ =laLrqrs ijesÜofjA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 18
d`".ksu laLrqrs nsfo 'kÜoöDR;k lnkfEcdsA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 19
fgekpylqrkukFklaLrqrs ijeÜofjA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 20
bUnzk.khifrlökoiwftrs ijesÜofjA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 21
nsfo izp.Mnksn.Z MnSR;niZfoukf'kfuA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 22
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nsfo HkätuksíkenrkuUnksn;s·fEcdsA :ia nsfg t;a nsfg ;'kksnfs g f}"kks tfgAA 23
iRuha euksjeka nsfg eukso`rkuqlkfj.khe~A rkfj.kha nqxlZ la kjlkxjL; dqyksöoke~AA 24
bnaóks=a ifBRok rq egkLrks=a iBsUuj%A l rq lIr'krhla[;kojekIrksfr lEinke~AA 25
AA vFk dhyde~ AA
¬ vL; Jh dhyd eU=L; f'ko _f"k% vuq"VqINUn% Jh egkljLorh nsork Jh txnEck izhR;FkZa
lIr'krh ikBkaxRosu tis fofu;ksx%AA
¬ ueÜpf.Mdk;SAA ekdZ.Ms; mokp AA
¬ fo'kq)Kku nsgk; f=osnhfnO;p{kq"ksA Js;% izkfIrfuferk; ue% lksekÌZÌkfj.ksAA 1
loZers f}tkuh;kUeU=k.kkefHkdhyde~A lks·fi {kseeokIuksfr lrra tkI;rRij%AA 2
fl);UR;qPpkVuknhfu oLrwfu ldykU;fi ,rsu Lrqorka nsoh Lrks=ek=s.k fl);frAA 3
u eU=ks ukS"kÌa r= u fdfŒpnfi fo|rsA fouk tkI;su fl);sr loZePq pkVukfnde~AA 4
lexzk.;fi fl);fUr yksd'kaškfeeka gj%A d`Rok fueU=;kekl loZeos fena 'kqHke~AA 5
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lks·fi {kseeokIuksfr loZeos a u la'k;%A d`".kk;ka ok prqn'Z ;ke"VE;ka ok lekfgr%AA 7
nnkfr izfrx`g.~ kkfr ukU;FkS"kk izlhnfrA bRFka:is.k dhysu egknsous dhfyre~AA 8
;ksfu"dhyka foÌk;Suka fuR;atifrlaLQqVe~A l fl)% l x.k%lks·fi xUÌoksZtk;rs uj%AA uj%AA9
u pSokI;VrLrL; Hk;a Dokihg tk;rsA ukie`R;qo'ka ;kfr e`rks eks{keokiz;q kr~AA 10
KkRok izkjH; dqohZr u dqokZ.ks fou';frA rrks KkRoSo lEiUufena izkjH;rs cqÌ%S AA 11
lkSHkkX;kfn p ;fRdfŒpn~ n``';rs yyuktusA rRloZa rRizlknsu rsu tkI;fena 'kqHke~AA 12
'kuSLrq tI;ekus·fLeu~ Lrks=s lEifr#PpdS%A HkoR;so lexzkfi rr% izkjH;eso rr~AAA13
,s'Üo;Za ;Rizlknsu lkSHkkX;kjksX;lEin%A 'k=qgkfu% ijks eks{k% Lrw;rs lk u fda tuS%S AA¬
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AAA vFk osnksäa jkf=lwäe~ AA
¬ jk=hR;k|"VpZL; lwäL; dqf'kd% lkSHkjks jkf=okZ Hkkj}ktks _f"k jkf=Znos rk xk;=hNUn% nsoh
ekgkRE; ikBs fofu;ksx%A
¬ jk=hO;[;nk;rh iq#=k nsO;{kfHk%A foÜok vfÌfJ;ks·fÌrAA1 vkoZikz veR;kZ fuorks nsO;q}r%A
T;sfr"kk ckÌrsre%AA2 fu# Lolkj eLd`rks"kla nsO;k;rhA visnq gklrsre%AA3 lk uks v| ;L;k
o;a fu rs ;keUu fo{efgA o`{ksu olfrao;%AA4 fuxzkeklks vfo{kr fui}Urks fuif{k.k%A fu';suk
lfÜpnfFkZu%AA5 ;ko;k o`D;a o`da ;o;Lrsu ewE;sAZ vFkk u% lqrjkHkoAA6 miek isfi'kre% d`".ka
O;äefLFkrA m"k _.kso ;kr;AA7 mi rs xk bokdja o`.kh"o nqfgr fnZo%A jkf= Lrksea u ftX;q"ksA8
AA vFk rU=ksäa jkf=lwäe~ AA
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czãksokp&Ùoa f=Ìkek=kfRedkfLFkrkA2
 19
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fol`"VkS l`f"V:ik Ùoa fLFkfr:ik p ikyusA rFkk laâfr:ikUrs txrks·L; txUe;sAA 5
egkfo|k egkek;k egkesÌk egkLe`fr%A egkeksgk p Hkorh egknsoh egklqjhAA 6
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ÙoaJhLÙoehÜojhÙoaÐhLÙoacqf)cksZÌy{.kkA yTtkiqf"VLrFkkÙkqf"VLÙoa'kkfUr%{kkfUrjsopAA 8
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lkSE;k lkSE;rjk'ks"klkSE;sH;LÙofrlqUnjhA ijkijk.kka ijek Ùoeso ijesÜojhAA 10
pPpfdfŒpr~Dofp}Lrq lnl}kf[kykfRedsA ÙkL;loZL; ;k 'kfä% lk Ùoa fda Lrw;lsrnkA nkA11
;;k Ro;k txÙò"Vk txÙikÙ;fr ;ks txr~A lks·fi funzko'ka uhr% dLÙokaLrksrfq egsÜoj%AA oj%AA12
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AA JhnsO;FkoZ'kh"kZe~ AA
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iq#"kkÙeda txr~A 'kwU;a pk'kwU;a pAA2 vgekuUnkukuUnkSA vga foKkukfoKkusA vga czãkczã.kh
osfnrO;sA vga iŒpHwkrkU; iŒpHkwrkfuA vgef[kya txr~AA3 osnks·ge osnks·ge~A fo|kgefo|kge~A
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vga fe=k o#.kkoqHkkS foHkfeZ vgfeUnzkXuh vgfÜoukoqHkkSAA5 vga lksea Ùo"Vkja iw"k.ka Hkxa nÌkfeA
vga fo".kqe#q Øea czãk.keqr iztkifra nÌkfeAA6 vga nÌkfe nzfo.ka gfo"ers lqikz O;s ;tekuk;
lqUorsA vga jk"V~hl©euh olwuka fpfdrq"kh izFkek ;fK;keku~A vga lqos firjeL; ewÌUZ ee ;ksfu
jILoUr% leqnAsz ; ,oa osnA l nSoha lEinekIuksfrAA7 rs nsok vczoq u~& ueks nsO;SS egknsO;S f'kok;S
lrra ue%A ue% izdR` ;S Hknzk;S fu;rk% iz.krk% Lerke~AA8 rkefXuo.kkZa rilk ToyUrha oSjkspuha
deZQys"kq tq"Vke~A nqxkZ nsoha 'kj.ka izi|kegs·lqjkUuk'kf;×;S rS ue%AA9 nsoha okpetu;Ur nsokLrka
foÜo:ik% i'koks onfUrA lk uks eUnz"s kewtaZ nqgkuk Ìsuoq kZxLekuqi lq"VqrrS Aq A10 dkyjk=ha czãLrqrka
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lS"kk ;krqÌkuk vlqjk j{kkafl fi'kkpk ;{kk% fl)k%A lS"kk lRojtLrekaflA lS"kk czãfo".kq#nz:fi.khA
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lS"kk iztkirhUnz euo%A lS"kk xzgu{k= T;ksrhaf"kA dykdk"Bkfn dky:fi.khA rkega iz.kkSfe fuR;e~A
ikikigkfj.kha nsoha Hkqfä eqfä iznkf;uhe~A vuUrka fot;ka 'kq)ka 'kj.;ka f'konka f'kokeAA17
fo;nhdkjla;ä q a ohfrgks=lefUore~A vÌsUZ nqyflra nsO;k chta lokZFkZlkÌde~AA18 ,oesdk{kja czã
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lefUore~A lw;ks·Z oke Jks=foUnq la;ä q "Vkr`rh;d%A ukjk;.ksu lfEeJks ok;qÜpkÌj;qd~ rr%A foPps
uok.kZdks·.kZ% L;kUegnkuUn nk;d%AA20 âRiq.Mjhd e/;LFkka izkr% lw;lZ eizHkke~A ik'kk˚q'kÌjkalkSE;ka
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egknqxiZ 'z keuha egkdk#.;:fi.khe~AA22 ;L;k% Lo:ia czãn;ks u tkufUr rLeknqP;rs vKs;kA
;L;k vUrks u yH;rs rLeknqP;;rs vuUrkA ;L;k y{;a uksiy{;rs rLeknqP;rs vy{;kA ;L;k
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nqP;rsudS kA vr ,oksP;rs vKs;kuUrky{;ktSdk uSdfs rAA23 eU=k.kka ekr`dknsoh 'kCnkuka Kku:fi.khA
Kkukuka fpUe;krhrk 'kwU;kuka 'kwU;lkf{k.khA ;L;k% ijrja ukfLr lS"kk nqxkZ izdhfrZrkAA24 rka nqxkZa
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u foUnfrA 'kre"Vksrja pkL; iqjÜp;kZfofÌ% Le`r%A n'kokja iBsn~ ;Lrq l|% ikiS% izePq ;rsA egk
nqxkZf.k rjfr egknsO;k% izlknr%AA26 lk;eÌh;kuks fnold`ra ikiauk'k;frA izkrjÌh;kuks jkf=d`ra
ikia uk'k;frA lk;a izkr% iz;Œq tkuks vikiks HkofrA fu'khFks rqjh;la/;k;ka tIRok okd~flf)HkZofrA
uwruk;ka izfrek;ka tIRok nsorklkafu/;a HkofrA izk.kizfr"Bk;ka tIRok izk.kkuka izfr"Bk HkofrA
HkkSekfÜoU;ka egknsohlafuÌkS tIRok egke`R;qa rjfrA l egke`R;qa rjfr ; ,oa osnA bR;qifu"kr~AA
AA vFk uok.kZfofÌ% AA
Jh x.kifr tZ;frA ¬ vL; Jh uok.kZ eU=L; czã fo".kq #nz _"k;% xk;×;qf".k xuq"VqHk'NUnkafl
Jh egkdkyh egky{eh egkljLoR;ks nsork ,sa chte Ðha 'kfä% Dyha dhyde~ Jh egkdkyh
egky{eh egkljLorh izhR;FksZ tis fofu;ksx%A
_";kfnU;kl%& czãfo".kq#nz_f"kH;ksue% f'kjflA xk;×;qf".kxuq"VqiN~ UnksH;ksue% eq[ksA egkdkyh
egky{eh egkljLorhH;ks ue% âfnA ,sa chtk; ue% xqáAs Ðha 'kä;s ue% ikn;ks%A Dyha dhydk;
ue% ukHkkSA ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;SfoPpSA djU;kl%& ¬ ,sa v©q"BkH;kaue%A ¬ Ðha rtZuhH;kaue%A
¬ Dyha e/;ekH;kaue%A ¬ pkeq.Mk;S vukfedkH;kaue%A ¬ foPps dfu"BdkH;kaue%A ¬ ,sa Ðha
Dyha pkeq.Mk;SfoPps djrydji`"BkH;kaue%A ân;kfnU;kl%& ¬ ,sa ân;k;ue%A ¬ Ðha f'kjlsLokgkA
¬ Dyha f'k[kk;So"kV~A ¬ pkeq.Mk;Sdopk;gqeA~ ¬ foPps us==;k;okS"kV~A ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;S
foPps vók;QV~A v{kjU;kl%& ¬ ,sa ue%f'k[kk;ke~A ¬ Ðha ue%nf{k.kus=As ¬ Dyha ue%okeus=As
¬ pka ue%nf{k.kd.ksAZ ¬ eqa ue%oked.ksAZ ¬ Mka ue%nf{k.kuklkiqVAs ¬ ;Sa ue%okeuklkiqVAs ¬
foa ue%eq[ksA ¬ Pps ue%xqáAs fn³~U;kl%& ¬ ,sa izkPpSue%A ¬ ,sa vkXus¸;Sue%A ¬ Ðha
 21
nf{k.kk;Sue%A ¬ Ðha uS_RZ ;Sue%A ¬ Dyha izrhP;Sue% ¬ Dyha ok;O;Sue%A ¬ pkeq.Mk;S
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pkeq.Mk;S foPps HkwE;Sue%AA
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izlhn ee fl);sAA ¬ v{kekykfÌir;s lqflf)anfs g nsfg loZeU=kFkZlkfÌfu lkÌ; lkÌ;
loZflf)a ifjdYi; ifjdYi; es LokgkA
ti%& ¼108ckj½ ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;S foPpsAA
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na"V~kdjkyonus f'kjksekykfoHkw"k.ksa pkeq.Ms eq.MeFkus ukjk;f.k ueks·Lrq rsAA 21
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dkesÜofj txUekr% lfPpnkuUnfoxzgAs x`gk.kkpkZfeeka izhR;k izlhn ijesÜofjAA 7
xqákfrxqáxksI=h Roa x`gk.kkLeRd`ra tie~A flf)HkZorq es nsfo RoRizlknkRlqjÜs ofjAA 8
AA vFk nqxkZ}kf=a'kUukeekyk AA
nqxkZ nqxkZfrZ'keuh nqxkZif}fuokfj.khA nqxZePNsfnuh nqxZlkfÌuh nqxZukf'kuhAA
nqxZrks)kfj.kh nqxZfugU=h nqxZekigkA nqxZeKkunk nqxZnSR;yksdokuykAA
nqxZek nqxZekyksdk nqxZekReLo:fi.khA nqxZekxZiznk nqxZefo|k nqxZekfJrkAA
nqxZeKkulaLFkkuk nqxZe/;kuHkkfluhA nqxZeksgk nqxZexk nqxZek;qÌÌkfj.khAA
nqxZek³~xh nqxZerk nqxZH;k nqxZesÜojhAA nqxZHkhek nqxZHkkek nqxZHkk nqxZnkfj.khA
ukekofyfeeka ;Lrq nqxkZ;k ee ekuo%AA iBsr~ loZHk;kUeqäks Hkfo";fr u la'k;%AA
AA vFk nsO;ijkÌ{kekiuLrks=e~ AA
u eU=a uks ;U=a rnfi p u tkus Lrqfregks] u pkàua /;kua rnfi p u tkus LrqfrdFkk%A
u tkus eqnkz Lrs rnfi p u tkus foyiua] ija tkus ekrLRonuqlj.ka Dys'kgj.ke~AAA1
foÌsjKkusu nzfo.kfojgs.kkylr;k] foÌs;k'kD;Rokro pj.k;ks;kZ P;qfrjHkwr~A
rnsrr~{kUrO;a tufu ldyks)kfjf.k f'kos] dqiq=ks tk;sr Dofpnfi dqekrk u HkofrAA HkofrAA2
i`fFkO;ka iq=kLrs tufu cgo% lfUr ljyk%] ija rs"kka e/;s fojyrjyks·ga ro lqr%A
enh;ks·;a R;kx% leqfprfena uks ro f'kos] dqi=q ks tk;sr Dofpnfidqekrk u HkofrAA HkofrAA3
txUekrekZrLro pj.klsok u jfprk] u ok nra nsfo nzfo.kefi Hkw;Lro e;kA
rFkkfi Roa Lusga ef; fu#iea ;Rizd#q "ks] dqi=q ks tk;sr Dofpnfi dqekrk u HkofrAA 4
ifjR;äk nsok fofoÌfoÌlsokdqyr;k] e;k iŒpk'khrsjfÌdeiuhrs rq o;flA
bnkuha psUekrLro ;fn d`ik ukfi Hkfork] fujkyEcks yEcksnjtufu da ;kfe 'kj.ke~AAA5
Üoikdks tYikdks Hkofr eÌqikdksiefxjk] fujkr³~dks j³~dks fogjfr fpja dksfVdudS%A
roki.ksZ d.ksZ fo'kfr euqo.ksZ Qyfena] tu% dks tkuhrs tufu tiuh;a tifoÌkSAA 6
fprkHkLekysiks xjye'kua fnDiVÌjks] tVkÌkjh d.Bs Hkqtxifrgkjh i'kqifr%A
dikyh Hkwr's kks Hktfr txnh'kSdinoha] Hkokfu RoRikf.kxzg.kifjikVhQyfene~AA 7
 fl)dqfŒtdkLrks=e 52
u eks{kL;kdk³~{kkHkofoHkookŒNkfipues] u foKkukis{kk'kf'keqf[klq[ksPNkfi u iqu%A
vrLRokal;a kps tufu tuua ;krq ee oS] e`Mkuh #nzk.kh f'ko f'ko Hkokuhfr tir%AA tir%AA8
ukjkfÌrkfl fofÌuk fofoÌksipkjS%] fda #{kfpUruijSuZ d`ra opksfHk%A
';kes Roeso ;fn fdŒpu e¸;ukFks] ÌRls d`ikeqfpreEc ija roSoAA 9
vkiRlq eXu% Lej.ka Ronh;a] djksfe nqxsZ d#.kk.kZosf'kA
uSrPNBRoa ee Hko;sFkk%] {kqÌkr`"kkrkZ tuuha LejfUrAA 10
txnEc fofp=e= fda] ifjiw.kkZ d#.kkfLr psUef;A
vijkÌijEijkija] u fg ekrk leqi{s krs lqre~AA 11
eRle% ikrdh ukfLr iki?uh RoRlek u fgA ,oa KkRok egknsfo ;Fkk;ksX;a rFkk dq#AA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
AA fl)dqfŒtdkLrks=e~ AA
'k`.kq nsfo izo{;kfe dqfŒtdkLrks=eqree~A ;su eU=izHkkos.k p.Mhtki% 'kqHkks HkosrA~ A 1
udopa ukxZykLrks=da hyda u jgL;de~A ulwäua kfi /;kua p u U;klks u p okpZue~AAA2
dqfŒtdkikBek=s.k nqxkZikBQya yHksrA~ vfr xqárja nsfo nsokukefi nqyHZ ke~AA 3
xksiuh;a iz;Rusu Lo;ksfufjo ikoZfrA ekj.ka eksgua o';a LrEHkuksPpkVrkfnde~A
ikBek=s.k lafl)~;rs ~ dqfŒtdkLrks=eqree~AA 4
vFk eU=%AA ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;S foPpsAA ¬ XykSa gqa Dyha twa l% Toky; Toky;
Toy Toy izToy izToy ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;S foPps Toy ga la ya {ka QV~ LokgkAA
ueLrs #nz:fi.;S ueLrs eÌqefnZfuA ue% dSVHkgkfj.;S ueLrs efg"kkfnZfuAA
ueLrs 'kqEHkgU×;S p fu'kqEHkklqj?kkfrfuAA tkxzra fg egknsfo tia fl)a dq#"o esA
,sadkjh l`f"V:ik;S Ðhadkjh izfrikfydkAA Dyhadkjhdke:fi.;S cht:is ueks·Lrq rsA
pkeq.Mk p.M?kkrh p ;Sdkjh ojnkf;uhAA foPps pkHk;nk fuR;a ueLrs eU=:fif.kAA
Ìka Ìha Ìwa ÌwtVZ %s iRuh oka oha owa okxÌhÜojhA Øka Øha Øwa dkfydknsfo 'kka 'kha 'kwa es 'kqHkad#q
gqa gqa gqda kj :fi.;S ta ta ta tEHkukfnuhA Hkzka Hkzha Hkzaw HkSjoh Hknzs HkokU;S rs ueks ue%AA
va da pa Va ra ia ;a 'ka oha nqa ,sa oha ga {ka fÌtkxzfa Ìtkxza =ksV;=ksV; nhIra dq#dq# LokgkAA
ika iha iwa ikoZrhiw.kkZ [kka [kha [kwa [kspjhrFkkAA lka lha lwa lIr'krhnsO;keU=flf)a dq#"oesA
bna rq dqfŒtdkLrks=a eU=tkxfrZgsrosA vHkäs uSo nkrO;a xksfira j{k ikoZfrAA
;Lrq dqfŒtd;k nsfo ghuka lIr'krha iBsrA~ u rL; tk;rs flf)jj.;s jksnua ;FkkAA
Jh#nz;keys xkSjhrU=s f'koikoZrhlaokns dqfŒtdkLrks=a lEiw.kZeA~ ¬AA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
 53
AA Jh egkfo|k ikB AA
Jhx.ks'kk; ue%A JhounqxkZ;uS e%A Jhnf{k.kkewr;Z s ue%A
¬ vL; Jhegkfo|keU=L; fdjkr:iÌj bZ'oj_f"k% vuq"VqINUn% vUr;kZehukjk;.k
fdjkr:iÌjbZ'ojksegkfo|k xk;=hnsork nqcaW hta Lokgk'kfä% Dyhadhyda eeloZdkeukfl)¸FkslZ okZfj"V
'kkUr;sikBs fofu;ksx%AA U;kl%& ga fluh ÐWka vax"q BkH;kaue%A 'kaf[kuh Ðha rtZuhH;kaLokgkA pfØ.kh
ÐWaw e/;ekH;kao"kV~A xfnuh ÐWaw vukfedkH;ka ÐWAaw 'kfj.kh ÐkSa dfuf"BdkH;ka okS"kV~A f='kwyÌkfj.kh Ð%
djrydji`"BkH;kaQV~A gafluh ÐkWa ân;k;ue%A 'kaf[kuh Ðha f'kjlsLokgkA pfØ.kh ÐWwa f'k[kk;S o"kV~A
xfnuh ÐSa dopk; ÐwAaW 'kfj.kh ÐkSa us==;k;okS"kV~A f='kwyÌkfj.kh Ð% vók;QV~A ¬ HkwHkZoq % Lojksa
bfrfnXcUÌ%AA /;ku%& vfj'ka[kpØd`ik.k[ksVck.kku~] lÌuq%'kwydÙkZjhn/kkuke~AA Hktrkaefg"kksÙkekax
laLFkke~] uonwxkZla n`'khafJ;s·Lrqnq xq kZeA~ A gseiz[;kfeUnq[k.Mka'kqekSfya] 'ka[kkfj"VkaHkhfrgLrkaf=us=ke~]
gsekCtLFkkaihro.kkZia lz Uuka] nsohanxq kZfa nO;:ikauekfeA ¬ lg ukoorq lg ukS Hkquäq lg oh;Z
djokogSA rstfLoukoÌhreLrq ek fof}"kkogSA ¬ 'kkfUr%A 'kkfUr%A 'kkfUr%A ¬ gfj%A ¬ gfj%A
i×pksipkj iwtk%& ¬ ya i`fFkO;kReda xU/ka leiZ;kfeA bR;xq"Bdfuf"BdkH;ka Li'kZ%A ¬ gWa
vkdk'kkReda iq"ia leiZ;kfeA bR;xq"Bdfuf"BdkH;ka Li'kZ%A ¬ ;Wa ok¸okReda Ìwia leiZ;kfeA
bR;xq"BrtZuhH;ka Li'kZ%A ¬ jWa vXU;kReda nhia leiZ;kfeA e/;ekxq"B rtZuhH;ka Li'kZ%A ¬ oWaW
ve`rkReda ve`ruSo|s a leiZ;kfeA vukfedkxq"BkH;ka Li'kZ%A ¬ lWa lokZReda rkEcwya leiZ;kfeA
bfr lokZxyq hH;% Li'kZ%A loZ czã czãfs rAA
eU=%& ¬,sa Ðha Jha nqaW mfr"Biq#f"kfdaLofif"k Hk;aels eqifLFkra ;fn'kD;e'kD;a ok rUesHkxofr'ke;LokgkAA
¬ ueÜpf.Mdk;SA gsrdq ia ow iZ hBs rq vkXus¸;kaf=iqjkUrde~A nf{k.kspkfKosrkya uS_RZ ;ka;eftàde~A
dkyk[;a ok#.ksihBs ok;O;ka p djkfyue~A mÙkjs,dikna rq bZ'kkU;kaHkhe:fi.ke~AA vkdk'ks rq
fujkyEcaikrkys oMokuye~A ;Fkk xzkes rFkk·j.;s j{k eka oVqdLrFkkAA ¬ Jha Ðha Dyha {;zaWw oWa
oVqdk; vkinq)kj.kk; dq: dq: LokgkA loZexa yekaxY;S f'kos lokZFkZlkf/kdsA 'kj.;s =;fEcds
xkSfj ukjk;f.k ueks·Lrq rsAA ¬ Ðha Jha nqaW nqxkZ;S ue%AA
iz;ksxfo"k;s%& czãk.;Sue%A ok#f.k[kfYo ekgsÜo¸;SuZ e%A dqyokflU;Sue%A t;Urhiqjykfgokjkfg.;Sue%A
v"Vegkdkfy ekgsÜo¸;SuZ e%A fp=dwVbUnzk.;Sue%A f=iqjczãpkfj.;Sue%A ,do`{k'kqfHk.;S egky{E;Sue%A
f=iqjgj czãk.M~ukf;D;Sue%A ,rkfu {kWa {kWa =SyksD;o'kadjkf.k chtk{kjkf.k ¬ Ðha dq# dq# gwaW QV~
LokgkA ¬ ,sa Ðha Jha ldyujeq[kHkzejhaA ¬ Dyha Ðha ldyjkteq[kHkzejhaA ¬ ØkSa lkSa ldynsork
eq[kHkzejhaA ¬ Dyha Dyha ldydkfeuheq[kHkzejhaA ¬ bZa lkSa ldyns'keq[kHkzejhaA gLQzas gL=kSa gLQz2as
=SyksD;fprHkzejhaA ¬ {kWa {kkWa f{ka {khWa {kWqa {kwaW {ksa {kSa {kksa {kkSa {kaW {k%A mxzHkSjokfn&Hkwr&izrs &fi'kkpfprHkzejhaA
¬ gqaW {kqaW gqaW Dyha jkteU=;U=rU=HkzejhaA ¬ gqaW {kqaW gqaW Dyha fl)eU=;U=rU=HkzejhaA ¬ gqaW {kqaW gqaW Dyha
lk/;eU=;U=rU=HkzejhaA ¬ gqaW {kqaW gqaW Dyha ldylqjklqjloZeU=;U=rU=HkzejhaA loZ{kksfHk.khloZ
Dysfnuh ldyeuksUekndjhA ¬ vkWa âha Øha ijedY;kf.k egk;ksfxuhA ¬ egkfo|ka izo{;kfe
 egkfo|k ikB 54
egknsous fufeZrke~A fpfUrrka fdjkr:is.k ekRk`.kka âfn ufUnuhe~A mÙkek loZfo|kuka loZHkwro'kadjhA
loZiki{k;adkjh loZ'k=qfuokfj.khA ¬ dqydjh xks=djh /kudjh /kkU;djh cydjh ;'kLdjh
fo|kdjh mRlkgcycf)Zuh Hkwrkuka fot`fEHk.kh LrfEHkuheksfguh fonzkfo.kh loZeU=izHkf×tuh loZfo|k
izHksfnuh loZTojksRlkndjh ,dkfgda }kfgda =;kfgdapkrqfFkZda v)Zekfldaekflda f}ekflda f=ekflda
"kk.ekflda lakoRlfjda okfrda iSfÙkda Üysf"eda lfUuikfrda lrrToja 'khrToja m".kToja fo"keToja
rkiToja p x.Mekyk ywrkrkyqo.kkZuka =kfluh lokZu~ =kfluh f'kj%'kwy&vf{k'kwy& d.kZ'kwy&nUr'kwy&
ckgq'kwy&ân;'kwy&dqf{k'kwy&o{k'kwy&xqn'kwy&xqYe'kwy&fyax'kwy&;ksfu'kwy&ikn'kwy&lokZxa 'kwy foLQksVd
izHksfnuh vkRej{kk ijj{kk izR;{kj{kk vfXuj{kkv?kksjj{kk ok;qj{kkmndj{kk egkU/kdkjksYdk fo|qnfuy
pkSj 'kL=sH;ks eka j{k j{k gwaW QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors dkrZoh;kZtuZq k; egkHkqt ifjokjk; lIr
}hikLEkf}yqEidku~ pkSjku~ n'kfn{kq cU/k cU/k pkSjku~ Ìfj=ha /kfj=ha BWa BaaW BaaW ¬ QzkaS pha Dyha HkzaWw vkWa
Ðha ØkSa Jha gWawW QV~ LokgkA egknsoL; rstlk Hka;djkfj"Vnsorka cUÌ;kfe LokgkA iUFkkuqxrpkSjknz{k
rs"kka ckÌdL; djokya cUÌ;kfeA egknsoL; iŒp 'kh"ks.Z k ikf.kuk egknsoL; rstlk loZ'kwyku~
dygfiaxysu d.Vde;wj#nzkxa hA ¬ vWa vWka ekraxhA bWa bWa ekraxhA mWa ÅWa ekraxhA _Wa _Wa ekraxha ÈWa
ÈWa ekraxhA ,Wa ,sa ekraxhA vksa vkSa ekraxhA va v% ekraxhA Loj Loj czãn.Ma foLoj foLoj #nzn.Ma
izToy izToy ok;qn.Ma izgj izgj bUnzn.Ma Hk{k Hk{k fu_Zfrn.Ma fgfy fgfy ;en.Ma fuR;ksiokfnfu
gaflfu 'kaf[kfu pfØf.k xfnfu 'kwfyfu f='kwy Ìkfjf.k gWwa QV~ LokgkA ¬ Øha Øha Øha gwaW gWaw Ðha Ðha
nf{k.k dkfyds Øha Øha Øha gwaW gWaw Ðha Ðha LokgkA vk;qfoZ|ka p lkSHkkX;a /kkU;a p /kueso pA lnk
f'koa iq=o`f)a nsfg es pf.Mds 'kqHksAA vFkkrks eU=inkfu HkofUrAA ¬ Nk;k;SLokgkA prqjk;S LokgkA
gyh LokgkA gfy gfy LokgkA fgyh LokgkA fgyhafgyh LokgkA fiyh LokgkA fiyhfiyh LokgkA
gja LokgkA gjagja LokgkA xUÌokZ; LokgkA xUÌokZfÌir;s LokgkA ;{kk;LokgkA ;{kkfÌir;s LokgkA
j{kls LokgkA j{kkfÌir;s LokgkA ¬ Hkw% LokgkA ¬ Hkqo% LokgkA ¬ Lo% LokgkA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % LokgkA
mYdkeq[kh LokgkA Hknze[q kh LokgkA #nze[q kh LokgkA #nztVh LokgkA czãfo".kq#nzrts ls LokgkA ;k
bek Hkwr&izrs &fi'kkp&jk{kl& czãjk{kl&uoxzg&Hkwr&osrky 'kkfduh&MkfdU;% dw"ek.M okloÜpRokjks
jktiq=jktiq#"k&dkyiq#"kks ok rs"kka fn'ka cUÌ;kfeA nqf}Z"kks cUÌ;kfeA gLrkS cUÌ;kfeA p{kq"kh
cUÌ;kfeA Jks=s cUÌ;kfeA ftàka cUÌ;kfeA ?kzk.ka cUÌ;kfeA eq[ka cUÌ;kfeA cqf)a cUÌ;kfeA xfra
cUÌ;kfeA efra cUÌ;kfeA vUrfj{ka cUÌ;kfeA vkdk'ka cUÌ;kfeA ikrkya cUÌ;kfeA
¬ âha cxykeqf[k loZn"q Vkuka okpa eq[ka ina LrEH; ftàka dhy; cqf)a fouk'k; âha LokgkAA
¬ Ðha rstks#nzks vXukS ;ks vIlq ; vks"kÌh"kq ;ks #nzk foÜokHkqouk foos'k rLeS ueks #nzk; ueks vLrq
LokgkA ;eeq[ksu iŒp;kstu&foLrh.kZ#nzks c/ukrq #nz&e.Mya #nz% lgifjokjksnos rkizR;fÌnsorklfgra
#nze.MyaiRz ;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekdzE;kdzE; egkotz
dopk;kók; jkt pkSj&liZflagO;k?kzkfXu eeloksiZ nzouk'k;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CywaW QzkaWs Qzha vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA =;Ecda ;tkegs lqxfUÌa iqf"Vo)Zue~A mokZ#dfeo cUÌuku~ e`R;kse{Zq kh;
 55
eke`rkr~A o"kZUrq rs foHkkofj fnoks vHkzL; fo|qr%jksgUrq loZchtkU;oczãf}"kks tfg vo czãf}"kks
tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;AA
izkP;kafnf'k bUnzkns os rk ,sjkorks:<ks gseo.kksoZ tzgLrks bUnzkcs UÌukrq bUnze.MyabUnz% lgifjokjksnos rkizR;fÌ
nsorklfgra bUnze.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekØE;kØE;
egkotz dopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXuloksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA bUnz oks foÜorLifj gokegs tusH;%A vLekdeLrq dsoy%A o"kZUrq rs foHkkofj
fnoks vHkzL; fo|qr%A jksgUrq loZchtkU;oczãf}"kks tfg voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A
¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A vkXus¸;kafnf'kvfXunsoZ rkes"kk:<ks jäo.kksZ TokykgLrks·fXucZUÌukrq vfXu%
lgifjokjksnos rk izR;fÌnsork lfgra vfXue.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokj dL; loZrks
eka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;kØE; egkotzdopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXuloksiZ nzouk'kuk;A
¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ vfXunwra o`.khegs gksrkja foÜoosnl%A
vL; ;KL; lqØre~AA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors
#nzk;A ;kE;ka fnf'k ;eks nsork efg"kk:<ksuhyo.kksZ n.MgLrks ;eks cUÌukrq ;ee.Mya ;e% lg
ifjokjksnos rkizR;fÌ nsorklfgra ;ee.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k
vpyepyekØE;kØE;egkotz dopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa
Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~AA ;ek;lksela uq rq ;ek;tqgrq k gfo%A le ¤;Kks
xPNR;kfXuavyadr` %A o"kZUrqr0s A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A
uS_RZ ;kfnf'kfu_ZfrnsoZ rk ujk:<ks uhyo.kksZ [kM~xgLrks fu_ZfrcZU/kukrq fu_Zfre.Mya fu_Zfrlgifjokjks
nsorkizR;fÌnsorklfgra fu_Zfre.Mya izR;{kacUÌcUÌ eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{kj{k
vpyepyekØE;kØE;egkotz dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha
ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA eks"kq.k% ijkijk fu_ZfrnqgZ .kkoÌhr~ ;nh"Vr`".k;k lgA
o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ok#.;ka fnf'k
o#.kksnos rk edjk:<%Üosro.kZ% ik'kgLrkso#.kksc/ukrq o#.ke.Mya o#.kalgifjokjksnos rk izR;fÌ
nsorklfgra o#.ke.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ eelgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy
ekØE;kØE; egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSj liZflagO;k?kzkfXuloksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha
CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA gfj% ¬ bea es Oo#.k Jq/kh goe|k p e`M;A RokeoL;qjkpdsAA
rRok;kfe czã.kk OoUnekuLrnk 'kkLrs ;tekuks gfofCHkZ%A vgsMekuks Oo#.ksg cks/;q#'kr ¤leku·vk;q%
izeks"kh%A o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors#nzk;A ok;O;kafnf'k
ok;qnoZs rk e`xk:<ks Ìweoz .kks/Z otgLrks ok;qcUZ Ìukrq ok;qe.Mya ok;q% lgifjokjksnos rk izR;fÌnsork
lfgraok;qe.Mya izR;{kacUÌcUÌ eelgifjokjdL; loZrkseka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;kØE;
egkotzdopk;kók; jktpkSj liZflagO;k?kzkfXu loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA ro ok;qcg` Lirs Ro"VqtkZekrjn~Hkqr vkokÜoko`.khegsA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA
 egkfo|k ikB 56
¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ dkSc¸s ;kZfa nf'k dqcjs ks nsork vÜok:<% ihro.kksZ xnk
dq'kgLrks dqcjs ks c/ukrq dqcjs e.Mya dqcjs % lgifjokjksnos rk izR;fÌnsork lfgradcq js e.Mya izR;{kacUÌcUÌ
eelgifjokjdL;loZrksekaj{kj{k vpyepyekØE;kØE; egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSj liZflagO;k?kzkfXu
loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ lkseks Ìsuq ¤lkseks
voZUrq ek'kqa lkseks ohja deZ.;a nnkrqA lknU;a fonr¤lHks;a fir`Jo.ka nnk'knLeSA o"kZUrq rs0
voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ,s'kkU;ka fnf'k bZ'kkuks nsork
o`"kk:<% LQfVdo.kZfó'kwy gLr bZ'kkuks c/ukrq bZ'kkue.Mye~ bZ'kku%lgifjokjks nsorkizR;fÌnsork
lfgra bZ'kkue.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekØE;kØE;
egkotzdopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflag O;k?kzkfXuloksiZ nzo uk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ reh'kkua txrLrLFkq"kLifra fÌ;a ftUoeols gwegs Oo;eA iw"kk uks ;FkkOosn
lkeln~oÌ` s jf{krk ik;qjnCÌ% LoLr;sA o"kZUrq rs0 voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬
ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ Å/okZ;ka fnf'k czã nsork galk:<ks jäo.kZ% de.MyqgLrks czãk cUÌukrq
czãe.Mya czãk lgifjokjks nsorkizR;fÌ nsorklfgra czãe.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL;
loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekØE;kØE; egkotzdopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu loksiZ nzo
uk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ czãk nsokuka inoh dohuk
e`f"kfoZikz .kka efg"kks e`xk.kka ';suks x`n?~ kzk.kka LofÌfroZukuk ¤lkse% ifo=eR;sfr jseu~A o"kZUrq rs0A
voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ vÌLrk fnf'k oklqdhnsork
dwekZ:<ks uhyo.kksZ iùgLrks oklqdh c/ukrq oklqdhe.Mya oklqdh lgifjokjks nsorkizR;fÌnsorklfgra
oklqdh e.Mya izR;{ka cUÌ cUÌ ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekØE;kØE;egkotz
dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa
gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks·Lrq lisHZ ;ks ;s ds p i`fFkoheuqA ;s·vUrfj{ks ;s fnfo rsH;% lIisCZ H;ks ue%A
o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ vokUrjL;ka
fnf'k fo".kqnoZs rk x#Mk:<% ';keo.kZ% pØgLrks fo".kqcUZ Ìukrq fo".kqe.Mya fo".kq% lgifjokjks
nsorkizR;fÌnsorklfgra fo".kqe.MyaiRz ;{ka cUÌ cUÌ eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy
ekØE;kØE;egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSj liZflagO;k?kzkfXuloksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha
CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA ¬ bnafo".kqfoZpØes=Ìs k funÌsine~A lew<eL;ik¤lqjLs okgkA
o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;AA
¬ izkP;ka fnf'k bUnzks lgifjokjksnos rk&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kqf='kwydks uke jk{klLrL; v"Vkn'k
dksfV&Hkwr&izrs & fi'kkp&czãjk{kl&'kkfduh&dkfduh&gkfduh&jkfduh&;kfduh& ykfduh&cSrky&dkfeuh&
xzgku~cUÌ;kfe ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE; egkotzdopk;kL=k;
jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzo uk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~
LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ vkXus¸;ka
 57
fnf'k vfXu lgifjokjks nsork&izR;fÌ nsorkLrfn{kq ekjhpdks uke jk{klLrL; v"Vkn'kdksfV&
&&&&& xzgku~ cUÌ;kfe ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepyekØE;;kØE; egkotz
dopk;kók; jktpkSjliZflag O;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;AA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkAA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors #nzk;A
¬ ;kE;ka fnf'k ;elgifjokjks nsork&izR;fÌ nsorkLrfn{kq ,d fiaxydksukejk{klLrL;
v"Vkn'kdksfV&&&&&& xzgku~ cUÌ;kfe eelgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{kj{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE;
egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;AA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas
vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A
¬ uS_RZ ;ka fnf'k fu_Zfr% lgifjokjks nsork&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kq lR;dks uke jk{klLrL; v"Vkn'k
dksfV&&&&&&&&& xzgku~ cUÌ;kfe ee lg ifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE;
egkotz dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXueeloksiZ nzo uk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas
vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors #nzk;A ueksHkxors#nzk;A
¬ ok#.;kafnf'k o#.k% lgifjokjksnos rk&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kq ;'koydks uke jk{klLrL; v"Vkn'k
dksfV&&&&& xzgku~cUÌ;kfe eelgifjokjdL;loZrkseka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE; egkotz
dopk;kók;jktpkSj liZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkAA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors
#nzk;A ¬ ok;O;ka fnf'k ok;q% lg ifjokjks nsork&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kq izyEcdks uke jk{klLrL;
v"Vkn'kdksfV&&&&&& xzgku~cUÌ;kfe eelgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{kj{k vpy epy ekØE;;kØE;
egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas
vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A
¬ dkScs¸;kZ fnf'k dqcsj% lgifjokjksnsork&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kqvizÜokydksuke jk{klLrL;
v"Vkn'kdksfV&&&&&&&&&& cUÌ;kfe ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE;
egkotz dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflag O;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw
Qzkas vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors
#nzk;A ¬ ,s'kkU;ka fnf'k bZ'kku% lgifjokjksnos rk&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kqmUerdks uke jk{klLrL;
v"Vkn'kdksfV&&&&&&& xzgku~cU/k;kfe ee lgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE;
egkotzdopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu eeloksiZ nzouk'kuk;AA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas
vkWa Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors#nzk;A
¬ Å/okZ;ka fnf'k czãklgifjokjksnos rk izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kqvkdk'koklhukejk{klLrL; v"Vkn'k
dksfV&&&& xzgku~cUÌ;kfe ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{kj{k vpyepyekØE;;kØE; egkotz
dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzo uk'kuk;AA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬
 egkfo|k ikB 58
vÌLrkfnf'koklqdh lgifjokjks nsork&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kq ikrkyokfluhuke jk{klLrL;v"Vkn'kdksfV&&
&&&& xzgku~ cUÌ;kfe ee lg ifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{kj{k vpyepy ekØE;;kØE; egkotz
dopk;kók; jktpkSjliZ flagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzouk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬
vokUrjL;kafnf'k fo".kq% lgifjokjksnos rk&izR;fÌnsorkLrfn{kq egkHkhedks uke jk{klLrL; v"Vkn'k
dksfV&&&&& xzgku~cUÌ;kfe eelgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{kj{k vpyepyekØE;;kØE; egkotz
dopk;kók;jktpkSjliZflagO;k?kzkfXu ee loksiZ nzo uk'kuk;A ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa Ðha
ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;AA
¬ izkP;ka fnf'k ueks Hkxofr bUnzkf.k otzgLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa
QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ vkXus¸;kafnf'kueks
Hkxofr vfXuTokys 'kfägLrkH;ka ee lg ifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k {k gWwa QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq
rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ;kE;kafnf'k ueks Hkxofr
;fedkyn.M gLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA
¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ uS_RZ ;kafnf'kueks Hkxofr fu_Zfr [kM~xdadky
gLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬
ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ok#.;kafnf'kueksHkxofr ok#f.k ik'kgLrkH;ka
eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A
¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ok;O;ka fnf'k ¬ ueksHkxofr /otgLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka
j{k j{k gWwa QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0AA voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A
¬ dkSc¸s ;kZfnf'kueks HkxofrdkScfs j xnk[kM~xgLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa
QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ,s'kkU;ka
fnf'k ueks Hkxofr bZ'kkfu f='kwygLrkH;ka eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~LokgkA o"kZUrq
rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;AA ¬ Å/okZ;kafnf'kueksHkxofr
czãkf.kòqdòqode.Myq v{klw=ka dq'kgLrSZ eelgifjokjdL;loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~LokgkA
o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueks Hkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ vokUrjL;fnf'kueksHkxofr
Jhegky{ehiùk:<kiùgLrkH;ka ee lgifjokjdL; loZrks eka j{k j{k gWwa QV~LokgkAo"kZUrq rs0A
voczãf}"kkstfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;AA
f'kjks j{krq czãk.kh eq[ka ekgsÜojh rFkkA d.Bs j{krq okjkgh ,sUnzh ee Hkqt};e~AA
pkeq.Mk ân;a j{ksr~ dqf{ka j{ksPp ok#.khA oS".koh iknekfJR; i`"Bns'ks ÌuqÌjZ hAA
;Fkk·xzes s rFkk·j.;s j{kLo eka ins insAA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwWa Jha ÐWa óha LQqj LQqj l% óha Ðha oV oV
ldy Ðha izpj izpj ÐWwa Ðha dg dg Jha Jha ØkSa ÐWwa vo vo óha ÐWaw ee fjiwu~ ?kkr; ?kkr; Øha
Jha ÐwaW QV~ óha l% l g {k e y o j ;Waw j{kkSa Ðha {k e y o j ;Waw lg LQsza óha l% gWa gWa l%
 59
lks·ga gWaw QV~ LokgkA lokZxa s Üosrrkjk p ikrq uhyljLorhA ikrq es loZnk fuR;a loZeU=izcksfÌuhAA
HkSjoh lqUnjh dkyh ekraxh fNUuefLrdkAA ¬ dkyh egkdkyh galdkyh iqyfdrHknzdkfydk
Hkokuh f=iqj:ik jktkdf"kZ.kh eeo'kadjhLokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxofr bUnzkf.k otzgLrsuloZrks eka j{k
j{k gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha Jha dkUgsÜojh loZtuloZe[q k LrfEHkuh loZjktlHkko'kadjh
loZnq"Vfonyuh loZóhiq#"kkdf"kZ.kh oUnh Ük`a[kyk =ksV; =ksV; loZ'k=wu~ HkŒt; HkŒt;
}sf"k.kkeqPpkV;ksPpkV; loZo'ka dq# dq# LokgkA nsfg nsfg dkyjkf= dkfeU;S x.ksÜo;SZ ue%A
loZexa y ekaxY;S f'kos lokZFkZlkf/kdsA 'kj.;s =;Ecds xkSfj ukjk;f.k ueks·Lrq rsAA ¬ czkfã
ekgs'ojh dkSekfj oS".koh okjkfg bUnzkf.k pkeq.Ms fl)pkeq.MsÜofj x.ks'ofj {ks=ikyfd ukjflafg
egkyf{e loZrks nqxZs gqaW QV~ LokgkA ¬ ,sa Ðha Dyha pkeq.Mk;S foPps LokgkA ¬ ,sa Ðha Jha nqaW gqaW
QV~ dudotzonS ;w &Z eqäkyadr` e`"k.ks ,fg ,fg vkxPN vkxPN ee d.ksZ izfo'; Hkwr&Hkfo";&orZeku
dkyKku&nwjn`f"V&nwjJo.ka czfw g czfw g vfXuLrEHkua 'k=qe[q kLrEHkua 'k=qxfrLREHkua 'k=qefrLrEHkua
ijs"kka xfra efra p loZ'k=w.kka ckxt`EHk.ka LrEHkua dq# dq# 'k=qdk;Zgkfudjh ee dk;Zflf)djh
'k=w.kkeq|ksxfo/oaldjh ohj pkeqf.Muh gkVdÌkfj.kh uxjh&iqjh iê.k&vLFkku&vkfLFkr&lEeksfguh
vlk/;lkfÌuhA ¬ âha Jha nsfo gu gWaw QV~LokgkA ¬ âha lkSa ,sa Dyha gWaw lkSa âha Jha ØkSa ,fg ,fg
Hkzejka okfg ldytxUeksguk;S eksguk; ldy&v.Mt&fi.Mtku~ Hkzke; jktkiztko'kadjh lEeksg;
lEeksg; egkek;s v"Vkn'kihB:fi.kh vey oj ;waW LQqj LQqj izLQqj izLQqj dksfVlw;iZ Hz kk Hkklqjh
pUnztVh eka j{k j{k ee 'k=wu~ HkLeh dq# dq# foÜoeksfgfu gqaW Dyha gqaW gqaW QV~ LokgkA ¬
ueksHkxorsdkensok; nzka nzka nzka nzko.kck.kk; nzha nzha lanhiuck.kk; Dyha Dyha lEeksguok.kk; CywaW CyWwa
lUrkiuck.kk; l% l% o'khdj.kck.kk; Ðha Ðha enukos'kck.kk; ldytufpfUrra nzko; nzko;
dfEire~ dfEire~ gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ Dyha ueks Hkxors dkensok; Jha loZtufiz;k; Dyha loZ
tulEeksguk; Toy Toy izToy izToy gu gu on on ri ri lEeksg; lEeksg; loZtua es
o'ka dq# dq# LokgkA ¬ Ðha Jha {ezha {E;Sza gókSa lgòkjk; gWaw QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks fo".kosA ¬
ueks ukjk;.kk;A ¬ t; t; xksihtu oYyHkk; LokgkA ¬ lgòkjTokykoReZ {ezha gu gu gqaW QV~
LokgkA ¬ rRlforqojZ .s ;a HkxksZ nsoL; Ìhefg fÌ;ks ;ks u% izpksn;kr~A Jhukjk;.kpj.kkS 'kj.kega
izi|s JhersA ukjk;.kk; ue%A mxza ohja egkfo".kqa ToyUra loZrks eq[ke~A u`flaga Hkh"k.ka Hknza e`R;qeR` ;qa
uekE;ge~AA Hkxou~ loZfot; lgòkjk;jkftr~A 'kj.kaRoka iziUuks·fLe Jhdja Jh lqn'kZue~AA
vk#.kh ok#.kh pSo loZxgz fuokfj.khA loZdeZdjh nsoh nqxZs nsfo ueks·Lrq rsAA ¬ Hkw% LokgkA ¬
Hkqo% LokgkA ¬ Lo% LokgkA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% LokgkA v"VkS czkã.kku~ lE;d~ xzkgf;Rok rrks egkfo|k
fl)îfr A vf'kf{krauksi;q×thrA vga u tkus u p ikoZrh'k%A dqcjs a rs eq[ka jkSnaz ufUnekufUnekogA
Toje`R;qHk;a ?kksja fo"ka uk'k; es TojAA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; ve`rkfHko"kkZ; ee Tojjksxa 'kkfUra
dq# dq# LokgkAA ¬ dkydky egkdky dkyn.M ueks·Lrq rsA dkyn.Mfuikrsu HkwE;keUrfgZra
Toje~A ¬ leqnLz ;ksÙkjs rhjs f}fonks uke okuj%A pkrqfFkZda Toja gfUr fyf[kRok ;Lrq i';frAA
 egkfo|k ikB 60
¬ leqnLz ;ksÙkjs rhjs dqenq ks uke okuj%A rL; Lej.kek=s.k Toja ;kfr jlkrye~ AA
¬ leqnLz ;ksÙkjs rhjs ekjhpks uke jk{kl%A rL; ew=iqjh"kkH;ka gqrk'kua 'ke; 'ke; LokgkAA
¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; iwoZs dfieq[ksu ldy'k=qlga kj.kk;LokgkA ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk; {kkSa nf{k.k
eq[ksuohju`flagk; ldy'k=qlga kj.kk;LokgkaA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk; {kha ifÜpeeq[ksuohjx#Mk; ldyfo"k
gj.kk;LokgkA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk; XykSma Ùkjeq[ksu okjkgk; ldylaiRdjk;LokgkA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;
XykSa Å/oZe[q ksu g;xzhok; ldytuo'khdj.kk;LokgkA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk; vkŒtus;k; egkizcyk;LokgkA
¬ ok;qlrq k; foùgs vkŒtus;k; /khefgA rUuksguqer~ipz ksn;kr~A ¬ fgeoR;qrjs ikÜosZ piykuke;f{k.khA
rL;k% uwijq 'kCnsu fo'kY;kHkoxfHkZ.khA ¬ tkrosnlsluq ;kelkseejkrh;rksfungkfrosn%A lu%i"kZnfr
nqxkZf.kfoÜokukosoflU/kqa nqfjrkR;fXu%A ¬ HkkLdjk; foùgs egk|qfrdjk;ÌhefgA rUu%lw;%Z izpksn;kr~AA1
¬ rRlforqojZ .s ;a HkxksZ nsoL; ÌhefgA fÌ;ks ;ks u% izpksn;kr~AA2 izfrdwydkfj.khu';srA~ vuqdyw
dkfj.khvLrqA ¬ egknsoh p foùgs fo".kqiRuh p ÌhefgA rUuksy{eh%izpksn;kr~AA3 iŒpE;ka p
uoE;ka p n'kE;ka p fo'ks"kr%A ifBRok rq egkfc|ka Jh dke% loZnkiBsrA~ A ¬ xUÌ)kjka nqjkÌ"kkZa
fuR;iq"Vka djhf"k.khe~A bZ'ojha loZHkwrkuka rkfegksià;s fJ;e~AA JhesHZ ktrqA vy{ehesZ u';rqAA4
;nfUrds ;Pp nwjds Hk;a foUnfUr ekfegA ikoeku forTtfg ;nqfRFkra nq%[ka Hkxofr rr~ loZ 'ke;
'ke; LokgkA5 ¬ xk;×;S LokgkA6 ¬ lkfo×;SLokgkA7 ¬ ljLoR;SLokgkA8 ¬ rRiq#"kk;foùgs
lgòk{kk; Ìhefg rUuks bUnz% izpksn;kr~LokgkA9 ¬ rRiq#"kk; foùgs oØrq.Mk; Ìhefg rUuksnfUr%
izpksn;~ kr~LokgkA10 ¬ rRiq#"kk; foùgs egklsuk; Ìhefg rUuks "k.eq[k% izpksn;kr~LokgkA11 ¬
rRiq#"kk; foùgs lqo.kZi{kk; Ìhefg rUuksx#M%izpksn;kr~LokgkA12 ¬ osnkRek;foùgs fgj.;xHkkZ;Ìhefg
rUukscãz k izpksn;kr~LokgkA13 ¬ukjk;.kk; foùgs oklqnos k; Ìhefg rUuksfo".kq izpksn;kr~LokgkA14
¬ eUeFks'kk;foùgs dkensok;Ìhefg rUuksuxa izpksn;kr~LokgkA15 ¬ cztu[kk;foùgs rh{.kna"Vªk;Ìhefg
rUuksukjflagizpksn;kr~LokgkA16 ¬ HkkLdjk;foùgs nhfIrdjk;Ìhefg rUuksvkfnR;izpksn;kr~LokgkAA17
¬ oS'okujk;foùgs Tokykyhyk;Ìhefg rUuksfXu%izpksn;kr~LokgkA18 ¬ ØkSa egkdkyk;foùgs
egk#nzk;Ìhefg rUuksegkdky%izpksn;kr~LokgkA19 ¬ nf{k.k dkfydk;Sfoùgs âha 'e'kkuokflU;SÌhefg
rUuks?kkSjkizpksn;kr~LokgkA20 ¬ dkR;kf;U;Sfoùgs dU;kdqekjhÌhefg rUuksnxq kZipz ksn;kr~LokgkA21
¬ vkuUns'ojk;foùgs lq/kknSO;S p Ìhefg rUuksÌukjhizpksn;kr~LokgkA22 ¬ galks galk;foùgs
lkSga galk;SÌhefg rUuksgla izpksn;kr~LokgkA23 ¬ ,sa Ðha Jha flagokfguh p foùgs iŒpoD=k;SÌhefg
rUuksegkfo|kizpksn;kr~LokgkAA24
¬ lgòijek nsoh 'krewyk 'krkadjq kA loZ gjrq es ikia nwokZ nq%LoIuukf'kuhAA ¬ dk.MkRdk.Mkr~
izjksgUrh i#"k% i#"kLifjA ,okuks nwoZs izruq lgòs.k 'krsu pAA ;k 'krsu izruksf"k lgòs.k
fojksnflA rL;kLrs nsoh"Vds foÌse gfo"kk o;e~AA vÜoØkUrs jFkØkUrs fo".kqØkUrs olqUÌjsA f'kjlk
Ìkjf;";kfe j{kLo eka ins insAA
vf=.kk RokØes gfUe d.osu tenfXuukA foÜokolskczãZ .kk gr% Øes.k jktk vI;s"kk ¤LFkifrokZgrA
 61
vFkksekrk vFkksfirk vÌksLFkwyk vÌks{kqnkz vÌksd"` .kk vÌksÜosrk vÌksv'kkfUrdk grkÜosrkfHk% lg
loSZ gr%A vgjko|Lrq rL; gfo"kks ;Fkk rr~ lR;a ;nqea ;eL; t`EHksHk;ks% vknÌkfe rFkk fg rr~
[kWa [kWa _f"k czã.kk Rok'k;kfeA czã.kLRoka 'kiFksu 'k;kfe ?kksj.s k Roka Hkz.w kk p{kq"kk iz{s ks jkSn.sz k Roka
f'kjlk eulk /;k;kfe v| 'kRokÌkn;k fo|;kfe v|jkHkqr~ i|LokrklkS mrqnfLe tkojh rYists
rYi mrqnfxjh% j.kqioz 's kk;k ejhfp :ia la uqn;kofnr% iqjLrkr~ mn;kfr lw;%Z rkofnrks·eqa uk'k;
;ks·Leku }sf"V ;a p o;a f}"e% QV~ QV~ tfg fNfUÌ fHkfUÌ gfUÌ dVq bfr okp% Øwjkf.ka
ifjokfg.kh ueLrs vLrq ekek fg ¤lh% f}"kUra es·fHkuk'k;r e`R;ks e`R;osu es b"Va j{k vfj"Va
HkŒt HkŒt LokgkA ¬ Øha d`".kkoklls ukjflagonus egkHkSjfo Toy Toy fo|qToy Tokykftàs
djkyonus izR;afxjs {ehaz {ezkaS gwaW QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks ukjk;.kk; ?k`f.k% lw;kZfnR;k; lgòk{kk; gWaw
QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0AA voczãf}"kkstfgAA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A liksyZ dw &dkd
dad&diksrkfn&o`f'pdkxzns "Z V~kz djkxzfo"kku~ es egkHkwr& izrs &fi'kkp&czãjk{kl ldyfdyfo"kkn
egkjksxfo"kku~ uhjksxfo"ka dq# dq# LokgkAA
vf{kLina p nq%LoIua HkqtLiUna p nqxfZ re~A nqf'pra nqxfZ ra jksxa Hk;a uk'k; 'kkadjhAA
egkfo|ka d`rorks ;ks·Leku~ }sf"V ;ks·fj"Va LejfrA ;konsdfoa'kfra d`Rok rkonfÌda uk'k;AA
czãfo|kfeeka nsfo fuR;a lsors q ;% lqÌh%A ,sfgdk·eqf"eda lkS[;a fl);UR;so u la'k;%AA vxzr%
i`"Vr% ikÜokZn/` oZrks j{k es lnkA pUnz?k.Vk fo:ikf{k Roka Hkts txnhÜofjAA ,oa fo|ka egkfo|ka
f=% LrkSfr p ;ks uj%A n`"Vok nq"Vtuk% loSZ rL; eksgo'ka xrk%AA rkefXuo.kkZ rilk ToyUrha
oSjkspuh deZQys"kq tq"VkeA nqxkZ nsoh 'kj.kega izi|s lqrjfl rjls ue%AA ekresZ
eÌqdVS Hkksxez fg"kizk.kkigkjks·| esA gsykfufeZr&Ìweyz kspuoÌs gs p.Meq.MkfnZfuAA fu%'ks"khd`r&jächtruqts
fuR;s fu'kqEHkkigsA 'kEHkq/oaflfu jkf'k loZnfq jrs nqxZs ueLrs·fEcdsAA
dkyn.Mdjkyonuka jäykspu;qxyHkh"k.kke~A dkyn.Mija e`R;qa fot;ka cUÌ;kE;ge~AA
iŒp;kstufoLrh.kZ e`R;ksÜp eq[ke.Mye~A rLeknz{k egkfo|s Hknzdkfy ueks·Lrq rsA o"kZUrq rs0A
voczãf}"kks tfgAA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;AA okfjtykspu lgk;s okj;qxfra
okj;k'kq djfudjS% iwfjr& es?kxxuknf;rk xksidU;ds lgksnjs·orqA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA
¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A ¬ ueks Hkxors #nzk;A Jha Ðha Dyha fl)y{eh LokgkA Dyha Ðha JhaAA
vkogfUr forUokuk dqokZ.kk fpjekReu%A oklkafl ee xko'p vUuikus p loZnkAA rrks
es fJ;ekog ykse'kka i'kqfHk% lg LokgkA fJ;s ;kr fJ;a vfufj;k;a fJ;a ;kst;jr`H;ks nÌkfr
fJ;a olkuka ve`rRoek;ku~ HkofUr lR;k les;k ferFknzkAS A fJ;;souS a rfPN~;keknÌkfr la rr~
Le`Rok o"kV~ djksfr la rL;S lqÌh;rs izt;ke'kqfHk;Z ,oa osnA ¬ ÐkWa Ðha ÐwaW Jha Dyha CyWaw Qzkas vkWa
Ðha ØkSa gWaw QV~ LokgkA o"kZUrq rs0A voczãf}"kks tfgA ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;A ¬ ueksHkxors#nzk;AA
¬ lgukoorq lg ukS HkquDrq lg oh;Z djokogSA rstfLoukoÌhreLrq ek fof}"kkogSAA
¬ 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr% 'kkfUr% A gfj% ¬A¬ A¬ A Jhnf{k.kkewÙkZ;s ue% AA
 fookg if)fr 62
AA fookg if)fr AA ¼LrEHkiwtu½
lWdYi%& v|sR;kfn0 veqd'kekZ·ga eekL;k% dU;k;k% chtxHkZleqnH~ koSuksfuogZ.kiwodZ nkEiR;S'o¸;kZfHko`);s
dfj";ek.k fookglaLdkjdeZf.k "kksM'ko#.kiwtuiwodZ a lLFkw.kk'kfDrukxekr`dczãkfn "kksM'k dnyhe;
LrEHk iwtuŒp dfj";sAA iwoaZ o#.kalEiwT;%& ¬ czã;Kkufefr&xksre_f"kfó"VqINUnks czãknsork
czãkokgus fofu;ksx%AA eU=%& ¬ czã;Kkue~ izFkea iqjLrkf}lher% lw#pks osu vko%A lcq/U;k
miek vL; fo'Bk% lr'"p;ksfuel r'"p foo%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% czãnSor ikn;ks% ik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A
¬ lkfo×;Sue%] ¬ czkãîSue%] ¬ xaxk;Sue%AA {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~
dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=
j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsA1 vkXus;&dks.ks%& ¬ bna fo".kqfjfr es/kkfrfFk_Zf"kxkZ;=h NUnksfo".kqnoZs rk
fo".ok&okgusfofu;ksxA eU=%& ¬ bna fo".kq foZpØes =s/kkfun/ks ine~A lew<eL; ik ¤lqjs
LokgkAA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% fo".kks%ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ y{E;Sue%A ¬ uUnk;Sue%A ¬ oS".kO;Sue%A
{kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkH;ks ·Hk;Uu% i'kqH;%AA
ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA2 uS_RZ ;S%& ¬
ueLrs&bfr ijes"Bh_Zf"kxkZ;=hNUnks #nzks nsork #nzkokgus fofu;ksx%AA eU=%& ¬ ueLrs #nzeU;o
mrks r b"kosue%A ckgqH;keqr rs ue%AA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% #nzk; ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&&A ¬ ekgs'o;S%Z
ue%A ¬ xkS;%ZS ue%A ¬ 'kksHkuk;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A
'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks ·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%A ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa
;koRdk;Za lekI;rsA3 ok;O;s%& ¬ =krkjfefr xxZ_f"kfó"VqINUn% bUnzks nsorsUnzk·okgus fofu;ksx%AA
eU=%
eU=%& ¬ =krkjfeUnzeforkjfeUnz ¤gos gos lqgo ¤'kwjfeUnzeA~ ºo;kfe 'kDdzEiq#gwrfeUnz
¤LofLr uks e?kok /kkfRoUnz%AA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% bUnzs ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ bUnzk.;S ue%A ¬
vkuUnk;S ue%A ¬ vfoHkwR;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A
'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%A ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa
;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA4 bZ'kku%& ¬ fp=fefrdqRl_f"kfoZjkV~NUn% lw¸;ksnZ os rk lw;kZokgus fofu;ksx%AA
eU=%& ¬ fp=Unsokukeqnxknuh d×p{kqfEeZR=L; o#.kL;kXus% vkIizk|kok i`fFkoh·vUrfj{k ¤
lw¸;Z·vkRek tx rLrLRFkq"k'PpAA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% lw;Zs ikn;skik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ lkfo×;S ue%A ¬
eaxyk;S ue%A ¬ HkwR;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq#
iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za
lekI;rsAA5 bZ'kkuiwo;Z kse/Z ;s%& ¬ x.kkukURosfr iztkifr_Zf"k;Zt'q NUnks x.kifrnsoZ rk x.kiR;k·okgus
fofu;ksx%AA eU=%
eU=%& ¬ x.kkuka Rok x.kifr ¤ gokegs fiz;k.kka Rok fiz;ifr ¤gokegs fu/khuka
Rok fuf/kifr ¤gokegs olks eeA vkgetkfu xHkZÌek Roetkfl xHkZ/ke~AA ¬ HkwHkqoZ %Lo% x.kir;s
ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ fo?ugkfj.;Sue%A ¬ t;k;Sue%A ¬ ljLoR;Sue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks
;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifr leqnH~ kwrks
 63
fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA 6 iwokZXus;;kse/Z ;s%& ¬ ;ek;
Rosfrn/;axkFkoZ.k_f"k;Zt'q NUn% ;eks nsork ;ek·okgus fofu;ksx%AA eU=%& ¬ ;ek; Rok e[kk; Rok
lw;LZ ; Rok rilsA nsoLRok lfork e/ok uDrq i`fFkO;k% l ¤Li`'kL;kfgA vfPZpjfl 'kksfpjfl
riksflAA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% ;e ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ vkŒtU;S ue%A ¬ iwo&Z lU/;k;S ue%A ¬
dzjw k;Sue%A ¬ fu;U=;S ue%AA {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu%
dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%A ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa
;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA 7 ckás&vkXus;s%& ¬ ueks·fLrofr eU=L; nsoJok _f"kfó"VqINUnks
ukxjktks nsork ukxjktk·okgus fofu;ksx%A eU=% eU=%& ¬ ueks·Lrq lisHZ ;ks ;s ds p i`fFkoh euqA
;s·vUrfj{ks ;s fnforsH;% lisHZ ;ksue%AA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% ukxjktk; ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a A ¬ e/;e
lU/;k;S ue%A ¬ iùk;S ue%A ¬ egk iùk;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks
uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA
fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA 8 vfXu&nf{k.k;kseZ/;s%& ¬ ;nØUn&bfr
HkkxZ o _f"kfó"Vq I NUn% LdUnks & ns o rk LdUnk·okgus ofu;ks x AA eU=%& eU=%&¬ ;nDdz U n%
izFkeŒtk;eku·m|URleqnn~ kz nqr ok iqjh"kkr~A ';suL; i{kk gfj.kL; ckgw·miLrqR;Eefg tkrUrs·vOoZuA~
¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% LdUn% ikn;ks ik|a gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ if'pe&lU/;k;S ue%A ¬ t;k;S ue%A ¬
fot;k;S ue%AA {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu%
i'kqCH;%A ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA 9
nf{k.kuS_RZ ;e/;s%& ¬ ok;qfjfr ofl"B_f"kfó"VqINUnks ok;qnoZs rk ok¸okokgus fofu;ksxAA eU=%&
¬ ok;qjxzxs k ;Kizh% lkdaxUeulk ;Ke~A f'koks fu;qnf~ Hk% f'kokfHk%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% ok;sk ikn;ksik|a
gLrks?;Z&a &A ¬ rhozk;S ue%A ¬ xk;+×;S ue%A ¬ ok;O;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls
rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks ·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks
fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa ;koRdk;Za lekI;rsAA 10 uS_RZ ;s%& ¬ lksefefrcU/kq_fZ "kxkZ;=hNUn%
lkseks nsork lksekokgus fofu;ksx%A eU= %& ¬ lkse ¤jktkueols·fXueUokjHkegsA vkfnR;ku~
fo".kq ¤lw;aZ czãk.kŒp c`gLifr ¤LokgkAA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% lske% ikn;ks ik|a gLrks?;Z&a A ¬ lkfo×;S
ue%A ¬ ve`rdyk;S ue%A ¬ fot;k;S ue%AA {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks
uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA
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_f"kc`gZ rhNUnks o#.kks nsork o#.kk·okgus fofu;ksx%A eU=%& ¬ beEes o#.k Jq/kh goe|k p
e`M;A RokeoL;qjkpdsA ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% o#.kk; ikn;ksik|a gLrks?;Z&a &&A ¬ ok#.;S ue%A ¬
ckgZLiR;S ue%A ¬ ik'kÌkfj.;S ue%A {kekiue~%& ¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A
'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu% i'kqCH;%AA ouLifrleqnH~ kwrks fufeZrks fo'odeZ.kkA fLFkjks Hkok·=j{kkFkZa
;koRdk;Za lekI;rsA 12 if'peok;O;e/;s%& ¬ lqxko bfr ofl"B _f"kxkZ;=h&NUnks olqnoZs rk
 fookg if)fr 64
oLokokgus&fofu;ksxA eU=%& ¬ lqxkoks nsok% lnrk vdEeZ; vktXesn ¤louŒtq"kk.kk%A
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yf?kek;S ue%AA {kekiue~%&&¬ ;rks ;r% lehgls rrks uks·vHk;³~ dq#A 'kUu% dq# iztkCH;ks·Hk;Uu%
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v?kks·Z ?kks·Z ?kZ% bR;U;suksDusA v?kZ% izfrx`árkfefrA izfrx`g.kkfeAA ¼ojdks vkpeu djk;s½a ¬
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¬ nsoL; Rok lforq% izlos·vf'ouksckZgCq H;kEiw"..kks gLrkCH;ka izfrx`º.kkfeAA ¼oj eeÌqiq dZ xzg.k
djs vkSj ckW;a s gkFkes j[ksa rFkk nkfgus gkFkdh vax"q B vkSj vukfedkls eeÌqiq dZdk feJ.k
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¤:ieUuk|a rsukga eÌquks eÌO;su ijes.k :is.kkUuk|su ijeks eÌO;ks·Uuknks·lkfuAA
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 fookg if)fr 66
dk LiZ'k½ ¬ ckºokseZs cyeLrqA ¬ ÅokseZ Zs vkstks·LrqA ¬ vfj"Vkfu es·xakfu ruwLrUok es lg
lUrqA bfr lokZxa kfu lekyH;AA
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nkEiR;S'o;Z Qyk·fHk o`);s dfj";ek.k fookg laLdkjdeZf.k ,fHk% Lo.kkZxa yq h;oklsk fHkjfXuc`gLifr
nSorSj·eqd xkS= izoj 'kkf[ku eeqd osnk/;kf;u fo".kq:fi.ka oja dU;knkuizfrxzkgdRosu Roka o`.ksAA
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okl%A ¬ ifj/kkL;S bR;kFkoZ.k_f"k% iafDr'NUnks oklks nsork·/;lsokl% ifj/kkus fofu;ksx%A ¬
ifj/kkL;S ;'kks/kkL;S nh?kkZ;Rq ok; tjnf"VjfLeA 'krŒp thokfe 'kjn% iq:ph jk;Liks"kefHklaO;f;";sA
¬ ;'klkfeR;kFkoZ.k _f"k% iafDr'NUnks oklks nsork dŒpqdkfn ifj/kkus fofu;ksx%A ¬ ;'klkek|kok
i`fFkoh ;'klsUnzk c`gLirhA ;'kksHkx'p ek foUn| 'kksek izfri|rke~A ¼blds ckn oj dU;k ls
x.kiR;kfn iŒpkax iwtu djkds 'kk[kksPpkj½
¬ czãk osnifr% f'ko% i'kqifr% lw;ksZ xzgk.kka ifr%] 'kdzks nsoifrgZfogqrZ ifr% LdUn'p lsukifr%A
fo".kq;KZ ifr;Ze% fir`ifrT;ksfZ rLifr'pUnzek%] losZ rs ir;% lqe#s lfgrk% dqoUZ rq oks eaxye~AA
¼oj i{k ls iz’u½ fda xkS=L;k fda izojL;k fda ’kkf[kuh fda osnk/;kf;uh fda uke ’keZ.k% izikS=%
ikS=% iq=% iz;r ikf.k% ’kj.ka izi|s LofLr lEokns"kwHk;ksof` )%A
eRL;% dwerZ uqojZ kgu`gjh Jhokeuks HkkxZo%] n}ík'k jfFk'p ;kno ifrcq) Z ks·Fk dfYdLrFkk%A
vU;s pk·fi luRdqekjdfiyizk.kk% dyka'kk% gjs%] losZ rs dfydYe"kki gj.kk% dqoUZ rq rs eaxye~AA
¼oj i{k dk mÙkj½ veqdxks=L;k veqdizojL;k ek/;fUnuh 'kkf[kuks ’kqDy;tqonZs k/;kf;uks ·eqd
uke 'kEeZ.k% izikS=% ikS=% iq=% iz;rikf.k% 'kj.ka izi|s LofLr lEokns"kwHk;ksofZ` )%AA
vkfnR;ks·fXu;qr% 'k'khlo#.kks HkkSe% dqojs kfUor% lkSE;ks fo'o;qrks xq#%le?kok nsO;k;qrksHkkxZo%A
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izikS=h% ikS=h% iq=h% iz;r ikf.k% ’kj.ka izi|s LofLr lEokns"kwHk;ksof` )%AA
xaxk flUU/kq ljLorh p ;equk xksnkojh ueZnk] dkcsjh lj;w egsUnzru;k peZ.orh osfndkA
f{kizk os=orh egklqjunh [;krk p ;k x.Mdh] iw.kkZ% iq.;tyS% leqnlz fgrk% dqoUZ rq rs eaxye~A
¼dU;k i{k dk mÙkj½ veqdxks=L;k veqdizojL;k ek/;fUnuh 'kkf[kuks ’kqDy;tqonsZ k/;kf;uks
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vk;q% nzk.s klqrs fJ;ks n'kjFks 'k=q{k;ks jk?kos] ,s'o;Za ugq"ks xfr'pious eku'p nq;ks/Z kusA
 67
'kkS;aZ 'kkUruos cya gy/kjs lR;Œp dqUrhlqr]s foKkua fonqjs HkoUrq Hkor% dhfrZ'p ukjk;.ksAA
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vkfn ysdj egkladYi djs½a v| rRln~cãz AAvFkk·uUroh¸;ZL; JheUukjk;.kL;k·fpUR;k·ifjferk
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 fookg if)fr 68
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'kqHkiq.;frFkkS·eqdxks=s ksRiUu voRlkj% izojL; ·eqdjkf'k ·eqd 'kekZ·ga liRuhdks·ge~·eqdxks=L;
veqdizojL;k ek/;fUnuh 'kkf[kuks ’kqDy;tqonsZ k/;kf;uks ·eqd'keZ.k% izikS=k; ikS=k; iq=k; vk;q"ers
fo".kqLo:fi.ks dU;kfFkZu·s eqd'keZ.ks ·eqdxks=L; veqdizojL;k ek/;fUnuh 'kkf[kuks ’kqDy;tqonsZ kè;kf;uks
·eqd'keZ.k% izikS=ha ikS=ha iq=h vk;q"erha Jh:fi.kha ojkfFkZuheeqdukEuh dU;ka ;Fkk'kDR;yadr` ka ee
leLr fir`.kka fujfr'k;kuUn czãyksdkokIR;kfn QykokfIriwoZda Jhy{ehukjk;.kizhr;s p
nsokfXuxq#czkã.k lfUu/kk okXU;kfn lkf{kdr;k lg /kEekZpj.kk; iRuhRosu czkãfookgfof/kuk
rqH;ega lEiznnsAA izfrx`º.kkrq HkokuAA
AANksfydknkueAA
¼lkSHkkX;orh óh ds gkFk ls½ ¬ ;k% Qfyuh;kZ vQyk viq"ik ;k'p iqf"i.kh% c`gLifrizlrw kLrk
uks eqŒpURo ¤gl%AA ¬ Hknzda .ksfZ Hk% J`.kq;ke nsok Hknza Ik';sek{kfHk¸;Zt=k%A fLFkjSjxa L+S rq"Vqok
¤lLruw fHkO;Z'ksefg nso fgra ;nk;q%AA1 vUuirs·UuL;uks nsáuehoL; 'kqf"e.k%A iznkrkjUrkfj"k
·ÅtZUuks /ksfg f}ins prq"insAA2 ¬ fgj.;xCHkZ% leoÙkZrkxzs HkwrL;tkr% ifrjsd·vklhr~A l
nkÌkj i`fFkoha |keqres ka dLeS nsok; gfo"kk fo/kseA3 ¬ ;n'ok; okl·miLr`.kUR; /khokla ;k
fgj.;kU;LEeSA lUnkueoZUra "kM~oh'ka fiz;k nso"s ok;ke ;fUrA4 ¬ Lo.kZ /keZ% LokgkA ¬ Lo.kkZd%Z
LokgkA ¬ Lo.kZ'kqØ% LokgkA ¬ Lo.kZT;ksfr% LokgkA ¬ Lo.kZl;w %Z LokgkAA5
¼blds ckn osnh esa oj dU;k cSBdj oj czãk rFkk vkpk;Z dk oj.k djs½a
czãk dk oj.k%&¼oj }kjk ladYi½ ¬ czkã.kk; ue%A ¬ v|sR;kfn veqd xks=ks voRlkj%izojkfUor%
'kqDy ;tqonZs kUrxZr ek/;fUnuh; 'kk[kk·/;k;h veqduke 'kekZ ojks·ga eekL;k o/ok% dfj";ek.k
fookgkaxhHkwr deZf.k d`rk·d`rkos{k.k:i czãdeZdrZq esrus oj.knzO;s.kk·eqdxks= 'kqDy;tqonZs kUrxZr
ek/;iznuh;'kk[kk·/;kf;u eeqd'keZ.ka czkã.ka czãRosu Rokegao.` ksAA ¼bldslkFk czkã.kdks dykok
cka/ksa ½½¬ ozrus nh{kkekIuksfr nh{k;kIuksfr nf{k.kke~A nf{k.kk J)kekIuksfr J);k lR;ekI;rsA
¼czkã.k dgs½a ¬ o`rks·fLeAA ¼oj iqu% dgs½ ;Fkk prqe[Zq kks czãk osn'kkófo'kkjn%A rFkk Roa ee
;Ks·fLeu~ Hko czãk fo}tksÙkeAA ;koRdeZ lekI;sr rkoRoa czãk HkoAA ¬ HkokehfrAA vkpk;Z
dk oj.k%& ¬ ozrus nh{kkekIuksfr nh{k;kIuksfr nf{k.kke~A nf{k.kk J)kekIuksfr J);k lR;ekI;rsA
 69
vkpk;Zdks fryddjsa ¬ xU/k}kjka nqjk/k"kkZa fuR;iq"Vka djhf"k.khe~ A bZ'ojha loZHkwrkuka rkfegksià;s
fJ;e~A ¼vkpk;Z dgsa o`rks·Lehfr½ ¼fQj vfXu psru djs½a
¬ izktkiR;kfn prq.kkZa eU=k.kka iztkifr _Zf"k fó"VqINUnks eaU=ksDrk nsork vkT;gkses fofu;ksx%AA
¬ iztkir;s LokgkAA bna iztkir;s u eeAA1 ¬ bUnzk; LokgkA bnfeUnzk; u ee AA2 ¬ vXu;s
LokgkA bneXu;s u eeAA3 ¬ lksek; LokgkA bna lksek; u eeAA4
f¬ O;kâfr=;L; fo'okfe= tenfXuHkkxZo% _"k;ks xk;×;qf".kxuq"VqINUnkfla vfXuok;ql¸w ;kZnos rk
O;kâfrgkses fofu;ksx%AA
¬ Hkw% Lokgk] bneXu;s u eeA5 ¬ Hkqo% Lokgk] bna ok;os u eeA6 ¬ Lo% Lokgk] bna lw;kZ;
u eeA7 ¬ eU=};L; okenso _f"kfL="VqINUnks·fXuo#.kkS nsork izk;f'pr&vkT;gkses fofu;ksxAA
¬ RoUuksv s XXus o#.kL; fo}kUnsoL;·gsMks vo;kfllh"Bk%A ;ft"Bks ofÐre% 'kks"kqpkuks fo'okn~}"s kk
¤fl izeXq ÌLeRLokgkA bneXuho#.kkH;ka u eeA1 ¬ lRoUuks·vXus oeks Hkoksrhusfn"Bks·vL;k
m"klks O;q"VkSA vo;{ouks o#.k ¤jjk.kks ohfg e`Mhd ¤lqgkooks u·,f/k&LokgkA bneXuho#.kkH;ka
u eeAA2 ¬ v;k'pkXu bfr iztkifr_Zf"kfoZjkV~NUnks·fXunsoZ rk izk;f'prgkses fofu;ksxAA ¬
v;k'pkXusLa ; ufHk'kfLrik'p lRofeRoe;k vflA v;kuks ;Ka ogkL;;kuks /ksfg Hks"kt ¤ LokgkA
bneXu;s v;ls u eeAA3 ¬ ;s rs 'kra o#.k ;s lgòa ;fK;k% ik'kk forrk egkUr%A rsfHkuksZ
v| lforksrfo".kqfoZ'os eqŒpUrq e#r% LodkZ% Lokgk bnao#.kk; lfo=s fo".kos fo'osH;ksnos Hs ;ks
e#n~H;% LodsHZ ;'p u eeAA4 ¬ mnqrea o#.kik'keLenokÌea foe);e ¤ JFkk;A
vFkko;ekfnR;ozrs rokuk xlks·vfnr;s L;ke&LokgkA bna o#.kk;k·fnR;kfnr;s p u eeAA5
¬ _rk"kkfMfreU=k.kka iztkifr_f"k;Zt'q NUnks eU=fyaxksDrk nsork vkT;gkses fofu;ksxAA
¬ _rk"kkM~_f"k ÌkekfXuxZU/koZ% lu·bnEczã {k=Eikrq rLeS Lokgk okVA bne`rklkgs _rkÌkEusvXu;s
xU/kokZ; u eeA1 ¬ _rk"kkM_f"k rÌkekfXuxZU/koZLrL;kS"kÌ;ks·Iljlksenq ksuke rkH;% LokgkA
bneks"kfÌH;ks·IljksH;ksenq H~ ;% u eeA2 ¬ l ¤fgrks fo'olkek lw¸;ksxZ U/koZ% lu·bnEczã
{k=Eikrq rLeS Lokgk okV~A bna l ¤fgrks fo'olkEu lw;kZ; xU/kokZ; u eeA3 ¬ l ¤fgrks
fo'olkek lw¸;ksZ xU/k oZLrL; ejhp;ks ·Iljl vk;qoks uke rkH;% LokgkAA bna ejhfpH;ksIljksH;
vL;qoksH;% u eeAA4 ¬ lq"kqD.k% lw;jZ f'e'pUnzek xU/koZ%A l u bna czã{k=a ikrq rLeS Lokgk
okV~AA bna lq"kqE.kk; lw;jZ 'e;s pUnzels xU/kokZ; u eeAA5 lq"kqE.k% lw;jZ f'e'pUnzekxU/koZLrL;
u{k=k.;Iljlks Hksdjq ;ks uke rkH;% LokgkAA bna u{k=sH;ks·IljksH;ks Hksdfq jH;% u eeAA6 ¬
bf"kjksfo'o;pk okrks xU/koZ% l u·bne~ czã {k=Eikrq rLeS Lokgk okV~AA bnfef"kjk;fo'o;pls
okrk; u eeAA7 ¬ bf"kjks fo'o;pkokrksxU/koZLrL;k iks·Iljl ÅTtksuZ ke rkH;%LokgkAA
bnen~H;ks·IljksH; ÅH;Z% u eeAA8 ¬ HkqT;q% lqi.kksZ ;Kks xU/kOoZ% lu bnEczã {k=Eikrq rLeS
Lokgk okV~AA bna HkqT;os lqi.kkZ; ;Kk; xU/kokZ; u eeAA9 ¬ HkqT;q% lqi.kksZ ;Kks xU/koZLr;L;
nf{k.kk vIljlLrokuke rkH;% LokgkAA bna nf{k.kkH;ks·IljksH;LrkokH;k% u eeAA10 ¬
 fookg if)fr 70
iztkifrfoZ'odekZ euks xU/kOoZ% lu bna czã{k=a ikrq rLeS Lokgk okV~AA bna iztkir;s fo'odeZ.ks
euls xU/kokZ; u eeA11 ¬ iztkifrfoZ'odEekZ euksxU/koZLrL;·_d~lkekU;Iljl·,"k;ks uke
rkH;% LokgkAA bna _DlkeH;ks·IljksH;% ,f"kH;% u eeAA12
¬ fpÙkŒpsR;knhuka }kn'keU=k.kka ijes"Bh&_f"k;ZtfaWw "k fpÙkkn;ks eU=kEukrk nsork% fot;kFksZ
izfreU=gkses fofu;ksxAA
¬ fpÙkŒp Lokgk bna fpÙkk; u eeA1 ¬ fpfÙk'p Lokgk bna fpR;S u eeA2 ¬ vkdwra p
Lokgk bnekdwrk; u eeA3 ¬ vkdwfr'p Lokgk bnekdwR;S u eeAA4 ¬ foKkra p Lokgk bna
foKkrk; u eeAA5 ¬ foKkfr'p Lokgk bna foKkR;S u eeAA6 ¬ eu'p Lokgk bnaeuls u
eeAA7 ¬ 'ko;Z'p Lokgk bna 'kojhH;% u eeAA8 ¬ n'kZ'p Lokgk bna n'kkZ; u eeAA9 ¬
ikS.kZeklŒp Lokgk bna ikS.kZeklk; u eeAA10 ¬ c`gPp Lokgk bna c`grs u eeAA11 ¬ jFkarja
p Lokgk bna jFkUrjk;AA12 ¬ iztkifrtZ;k fuUnzk;o`".k% izk;PNnqx%z i`rukt;s"kqA rLeS foZ'k%
leuar lokZ% l mxz% lbgO;ks cHkwo LokgkAA bna iztkir;sAA13
¬ vfXuHkwrZ kukef/kifr fjr;knhuka firj% firkegk&bR;Urkuke"Vkn'keU=k.kka iztkifr_Zf"kiZfDra'NUnks
eU=kEukrk vXU;kfnnsork% izfreU=gkse&s fofu;ksx%AA
¬ vfXuHkwrZ kukekf/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~ {k=sL;kekf'k";L;kaA iqjks/kk;k efLeUdeZ.;L;ka
nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA bneXu;s Hkwrkukef/k ir;s u eeAA1 ¬ bUnzks T;s"Bkukef/kifr% leko RofLeu~
czã.;fLeu~ {k=s ·L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeu~ deZ.;L;kanos gwR;k ¤LokgkA bnfeUnzk;T;s"BkukefÌir;s
u eeAA2 ¬ ;e% i`fFkO;k vf/kifr% leko RofLeu~cãz .;fLeu~ {k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjkÌk;kefLeu~
deZ.;L;kanos gwR;k ¤LokgkA bna ;ek; i`fFO;k vf/kir;s u eeAA3 ¬ ok;qjUrfj{kL;kf/kifr%
lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~ {k=s·L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA ok;os·Ur
fj{kL;kf/kir;s u eeAA4 lw;ksfZ nok vf/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~ {k=aL;kekf'k";L;ka
iqjksÌk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA bna lw¸;kZ; fnokvf/kir;s u eeAA5 ¬ pUnzek
u{k=k.kkefÌifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kek f'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k
¤LokgkAA bna pUnzels u{k=k.kkefÌir;s u eeAA6 ¬ c`gLifrczãZ .kks·f/kifr% lekoRofLeu~
czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤Lokgk A bna c`gLir;s czã.kks·fÌir;s
u eeAA7 ¬ fe=% lR;kukef/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kek f'k";L;ka iqjksÌk;k
efLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA bne~ fe=k; lR;kuk ef/kir;s u eeAA8 ¬ o#.kks·ikefÌifr%
lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkAA bna
o#.kk; vikef/kir;s u eeAA9 ¬ leqn%z L=ksR;k ukf/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kek
f'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA bna leqnkz ; óhR;kukef/kir;s u eeAA10
¬ vUu ¤lkezkT;k ukekf/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.; fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka
nsogwR;k ¤LokgkA bneUuk; lkezkT;kukef/kir;s u eeAA11 ¬ lkse vkS"k/khukef/kifr%
 71
lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~ {k=s·L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k LokgkAA bna
lksek; vkS"k/khukef/kir;s u eeAA12 ¬ lfork izlokukef/kifr% lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~
{k=s·L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k ¤LokgkAA bna lfo=s izlokukef/kir;s u
eeAA13 ¬ #nz% i'kwukef/kifr% leko RofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk ;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka
nsogwR;k ¤LokgkAA bna #nzk; i'kwukef/kir;s u eeAA14 ¼iz.khrk tydks gkFkyxkos½ ¬
Ro"Vk :ik.kk ef/kifr% lekoRofLeUczã.;fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k
¤LokgkA bna Ro"Vªs :ik.kkef/kir;s u eeAA15 ¬ fo".kq%ioZrkukefÌifr%lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s
L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;k efLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k¤LokgkA bnafo".kos ioZrkukefÌir;s u eeAA16
¬ e#rks x.kkukef/kir;s lekoRofLeu~ czã.;fLeu~ {k=s·L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;k efLeUdeZ.;L;ka
nsogwR;k ¤LokgkAA bna e#n~H;ks x.kkukef/kifrH;% u eeAA17 ¬ firj% firkegk% ijs ojs
rrkLrrk egkbgeko RofLeu~ czã.;fLeU{k=s L;kekf'k";L;ka iqjks/kk;kefLeUdeZ.;L;ka nsogwR;k
¤LokgkAA bna fir`H;% firkegsH;% ijsH;ks ojsH;LrrsH;Lrrkegh;% u eeAA 18 ¼fQj iz.khrk
ds ty dks Li`'k djsa½
¬ vfXujSfRoR;knhuka prq.kkZea U=k.kka iztkifr_Zf"kfó"VqINUnks fyaxksDrk nsork vkT;gkses fofu;ksx%
¬ vfXujSrq izFkeks nsorkuk ¤lks·L;S iztkaeŒq prq eqR;qik'kkr~A rn; ¤tko#.kks uqeU;rka
;Fks;¤L=hikS=e?kUu jksnkRl LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA1 ¬ bekefXuók;rka xkgZiR;% iztkeL;S
u;rq nh?kZek;q%A v'kwU;ksiLFkk thorkekLrq ekrk ikS=ekuUnefHk focq/;rkfe; ¤LokgkAA bneXu;s
u eeAA2 ¬ LofLr uks·Xusfnok i`fFkO;k fo'okfu /ksá·;Fkk;t=kA ;nL;k efg fnfo tkra iz'kLra
rnLeklq nzfo.ka /ksfgfp= ¤LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeA3 ¬ lqxUuq iaFkk izfn'kUu ,fg T;ksfr"e)s
átjUu vk;q%A viSrq e`R;q je`ra u vkxk}SoLorks uks·Hk;a d`.kksrq LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA4
¬ ija e`r;ks·uqijsfg iaFkka ;Lrs·U; nrjks nso;kukr~A p{kq"ers Ük`.ors rs czohfe eek u% iztk
¤jhfj"kks eksr ohjku LokgkAA bna oSoLork; u eeAA5 ¼yMdh vxkMh oj ihNs iwoZ dks
eqgW dj yMdh dk HkkbZ yktk oj dU;k ds gkFk es ns fQj vkgqrh ns½
¬ v;Ze.ka nsoa dU;k vfXue;{krA l uks v;Zek nso% izrs ks eqŒprq ek irs% LokgkA bne;Ze.ks u
eeAA ifgyh vkgqrhA ¬ b;a uk¸;qiZ cwrz s yktkukoiafrdkA vk;q"ekuLrq es ifrjs/kUrka Kkr;ks ee
LokgkA bneXu;s u eeA nwljh vkgqrhA ¬ bekaYyktkukoikE;XukS le`f)dj.ka roA ee
rqH;Œp laouua rnfXuj uqeU; rkfe; ¤LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA rhljh vkgqrh½
¬ x`H.kkfe rs lkSHkxRok; gLra e;kiR;k tjnf"V;ZFkkl%A Hkxks·;Zek lfork iqjf/keZº;a RoknqxkZgiZ R;k;
nsok%AA1 ¬ veksgefLe lk Roa lkRoeL;eks·ge~A lkekgefLe _dRoa |kSjga i`fFkohRoe~AA2 ¬
rkoso foogkogS lgjsrks n/kkogS iztka iztu;kogS iq=ku~ foUnkogS cgwuA~ A3 ¬ rs lurq tjn"V;%
lafiz;kS jksfp".kw lqeulL;ekukSi';se 'kjn% 'krfefrAA4 ¼vkgqfr;ksa ds ckn mrj es j[ks
ik"kk.k ij dU;k nkfgus iSj dk vWxBw k iwoeZ [q k gksdj yxkos rFkk oj nk;sa gkFk ls dU;k
 fookg if)fr 72
dk ik"kk.k es yxk gqvk vWxBq k Nw, rFkk ck;s gkFk ls dU;k dk ckW;ka dU/kk Nq,½ ¬
vkjksges e'eso Roa fLFkjk HkoA vfHkfr"B i`rU;rks·ook/kLo i`ruk;r%AA rqH;eXus i¸;Zogu~ lw;kZa
ogrq uk lgA iqu% ifrH;ks tk;kankXus izt;k lgsfrAA ¼ifgyk Qsjk iwjk gqvk½
¬ v;Ze.ka noa dU;k vfXue;{krA l uks v;Zek nso% izrs ks eq×prq ek irs% LokgkA bne;Ze.ks u
eeAA ¼ifgyh vkgqrh½ ¬ b;a uk¸;qiZ cwrz s yktkukoiafrdkA vk;q"ekuLrq es ifrjs/kUrka Kkr;ks
ee LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA ¼nwljh vkgqrh½ ¬ bekaYyktkukoikE;XukS le`f)dj.ka roA
ee rqH;Œp laouua rnfXujuqeU;rkfe;¤LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA ¼rhljh vkgqrh½
¬ x`H.kkfe rs lkSHkxRok; gLra e;kiR;k tjnf"V;ZFkkl%A Hkxks·;Zek lfork iqjf/keZº;a RoknqxkZgiZ R;k;
nsok%AA 1 ¬ veksgefLe lk Roa lkRoeL;eks·ge~A lkekgefLe _dRoa |kSjga i`fFkohRoe~AA 2 ¬
rkoso foogkogS lgjsrks n/kkogS iztka iztu;kogS iq=ku~ foUnkogS cgwuA~ A 3 rs lurq tjn"V;%
lafiz;kS jksfp".kw lqeulL;ekukSi';se 'kjn% 'krfefrAA 4 ¼vkgqfr;ksda s ckn fQj ifgys Qsjds h
rjg gh djs½a ¬ vkjksges e'eso Roa fLFkjk HkoA vfHkfr"B i`rU;rks·ook/kLo i`ruk;r%A rqH;eXus
i¸;Zogu~ lw;kZa ogrq uk lgA iqu% ifrH;ks tk;kankXus izt;k lgsfrAA ¼nwljk Qsjk iwjk gqvk½
¬ v;Ze.ka nsoa dU;k vfXue;{krA l uks v;Zek nso% izrs ks eqŒprq ek irs% LokgkA bne;Ze.ks u
eeAA ¼ifgyh vkgqrh½ ¬ b;a uk¸;qiZ cwrz s yktkukoiafrdkA vk;q"ekuLrq es ifrjs/kUrka Kkr;ks ee
LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA ¼nwljh vkgqrh½ ¬ bekaYyktkukoikE;XukS le`f)dj.ka roA ee
rqH;Œp laouua rnfXujuqeU;rkfe; ¤LokgkAA bneXu;s u eeAA ¼rhljh vkgqrh½ ¬ x`H.kkfe
rs lkSHkxRok; gLra e;kiR;k tjnf"V;ZFkkl%A Hkxks·;Zek lfork iqjf/keZº;a RoknqxkZgiZ R;k; nsok%AA1
¬ veksgefLe lk Roa lkRoeL;eks·ge~A lkekgefLe _dRoa |kSjga i`fFkohRoe~AA2 ¬ rkoso
foogkogS lgjsrks n/kkogS iztka iztu;kogS iq=ku~ foUnkogS cgwuA~ A3 ¬ rs lurq tjn"V;% lafiz;kS
jksfp".kw lqeulL;ekukSi';se 'kjn% 'krfefrAA4 ¼vkgqfr;ksda s ckn fQj ifgys Qsjds h rjg
gh½ ¬ vkjksges e'eso Roa fLFkjk HkoA vfHkfr"B i`rU;rks·ook/kLo i`ruk;r%AA rqH;eXus
i¸;Zogu~l;w kZa ogrq uk lgA iqu% ifrH;ks tk;kankXus izt;k lgsfrAA ¼rhljk Qsjk iwjk gqvk½
¼'ks"k yktkdks vfXues vkgqfrns rFkk pkSFks ls lkrokW Qsjk oj vkxs dU;k ihNs gksdj
iwjkdj cSB tk;s½a
¼iqu% ns'kkpkjkuqlkj dgha&dgha lkrokW Qsjs esa ¼lIrinh½dU;k vkxs gksdj fly ij j[kh gqbZ lkr
cfr;kas esa ls N% dks cq>kosa AA rFkk dgha ij lkr txg pkoy j[kusdk fo/kku gSA rFkkmrjkfHkeq[k
gksdj oj&dU;k viuk lhÌk ikWo vkxs /kjsa vkSj lkr dne c<rs tkW;A½
izFke&lIrinh%& ¼dU;k i{k ls½1%& ;fn ;Ka dq;kZÙkfLeUufi ee lEefra x`º.kh;kr~AA ¼tks ;K
djs mles esjh lEefr ysAa ½ 2%& ;fn nkua dq;kZÙkfLeUufi ee lEefra x`º.kh;kr~AA ¼tks nku djsa
mlesa Hkh esjh lEefr ysAa ½ 3%& voLFkk=;s ee ikyua dq;kZrA~ A ¼tks rhu voLFkk;sa gS]a cky ;qok
cq<kik muesa Hkh esjh ikyuk djsAa ½ 4%& /kukfnxksius ee lEefra x`º.kh;kr~AA ¼tks nzO; vkfn dgha
 73
/kjs rks Hkh esjh lEefr ysAa ½ 5%& xokfni'kwØ;foØ;s ee lEefra x`º.kh;kr~AA ¼tks Hkh Ø;&foØ;
djsa mles Hkh esjh lEefrysAa ½ 6%& olUrkfn "kV~_r"kq ee ikyua dq;kZrA~ A ¼olUrkfn tks N% _rq;as
gSa mlesa esjh ikyuk djsAa ½ 7%& l[kh"kq ee gkL;a u dq;kZr~ rFkk p dVqokD;a uonsrA~ rnkga Hkorka
okekaxvs kxPNkfeAA ¼lgsfy;ksea as esjhgalh udjsa rFkk cqjk opu u dgsAa rc eSa rqEgkjs ok;sva xa vkaÅA½
f}rh;&lIrinh%&
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lq[kdjh vkKk uqxkofrZuhA 'kkókuUno`)'kkluijk /kekZuxq k lknje~A ,rs lkSE;xq.kk olfUr lrra
okesfg lk Roa HkoAA 1& izFke rks gekjs dqydk tks /keZ gS lks rw /kkj.k djsrks ck;sa vaxvkA
2& gekjktks dqVEq c gS mldks lq[kns rks ck;sa vaxvkAA 3& /kekZudq yw o`)tuksda s mins'kdks lknj
Lohdkj djs rks ck;sa vaxvkAA 4& ;'k vkSj lq[kns rks ck;sa vaxvkAA 5& esjh vkKkdk ikyu
djs rks ck;sa vaxvkAA 6& esjs tks ekrk&firk gSa mudh Vgydjs rks ck;sa vaxvkAA 7& esjh tks
cgusa gSa muls Øks/k u djs rks ck;sa vaxvkAA ;s xq.k rsjs vUnj gksa rks ck;sa vaxvkAA½
¼oj&dU;k ij ikuh ds NhaVs yxkuk½ ¬ vkiks fg"Bk e;ksHkqoLrku ·mTtsZ n/kkru egsj.kk;
p{kls ;ks o% f'koreks] jlLrL; Hkkt;rsg u% m"krh fjo ekrj% rLLek·vjaxeke oks ;L;
{k;k;ftUUoFk vkikstu ;Fkk p u%A lqfef=;k u· vki vks"k/k;% lUUrq nqfef=;kLrL;S lUrq
;ks·Leku~ }sf"V ;a p o;a f}"e% AA ¼fnu dh 'kknh esa lw;Z n'kZu bl eU= ls½
¬ rPp{kqfjfr n/;axkFkoZ.k_f"kczkãZ hf=f"VqINUn% lw¸;ksZ nsork lw;ksnZ h{k.ks fofu;ksx%AA
¬ rPp{kqnoZs fgrEiqjLrkPNqdØ~ eqPpjr~A i';se 'kjn% 'krŒthose 'kjn% 'kr ¤J`.kq;ke 'kjn%
'krEizcoz ke 'kjn% 'krenhuk% L;ke 'kjn% 'krEHkw;'Pp 'kjn% 'krkr~ A ¼;fnjkres 'kknhgks rks½
¬ Ìzoq elhfr&iztkifr_Zf"k% iafDr% NUn% Ìzoq ks nsork Ìzoq n'kZus fofu;ksx%AA
¬ Ìzoq efl Ìzoq a Roki';kfe Ìzoq fS Ìiks";ksef;A eº;aRok·nkn~ c`gLifreZ;k iR;kiztkorh latho'kjn%'kre~A
lqexa yh%&
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¬ lqexa yhfj;a o/kwfjek ¤lesr i';rA lkSHkkX;eL;S nRok ;kFkkLra foijsruAA
¼?kh dh vkgqfr czkã.k ns½a ¬ iztkir;s LokgkA bna iztkir;s AA ¬ vXu;s fLo"Vd`rs LokgkA
bneXu;s fLo"Vd`rs u eeAA ¼czãk oj dh xzfUFk [kksyAs fQj ty dk fNaVk oj&dU;k ij Mkys½a
¬ lqfef=;k u·vki vks"k/k;% lUUrqAA
¼iz.khrkik=dks bZ'kku fn'kkesa mYVkdjj[ksAa ½ nqfef=;kLrL;S lUrq ;ks·Leku~ }sf"V ;a p o;a f}"e%AA
¼dU;k ?khdh /kkj NksM½s ¬ olsk% ifo=efl 'kr/kkja olks% ifo=efllgò/kkje~A nsoLRok lfork
iqukrq olks% ifo=s.k 'kr/kkjs.k lqIok dke/kq{k%LokgkAA ¼czkã.k oj&dU;kdks fryddjs½a ¬
vk;q"dkeks ;'kLdke% iq=dkeLrFkSopA vkjksX;a Ìudke'p losZ dkek HkoUrq rsAA
¼czkã.k gkFk es Qwy&pkoy ysdj oj&dU;k dks vk'khokZn ns½a Jhd`".k% dq'kya djksrq Hkorka
/kkrk iztkuka lq[ke~A fufoZ?ua x.kuk;d% izfrfnua Hkkuq% izrkiksn;e~AA 'kEHkqLrs /ku/kkU; dhfrZerqyka
nqxkZ·fjuk'ka lnkA xxka rs [kyq ikigk fuf'kfnua y{ehLlnk fr"BrqAA fQj vfXu foltZu djnsAa A
 vkfnR;ân;Lrks= 74
AA vkfnR;ân;Lrks=AA
¬vL; vkfnR;ân;Lrks=L;kxLR;_f"kjuq"Vqi~ NUn%] vkfnR;ân;Hkwrks Hkxoku~ czãk nsork
fujLrk'ks"kfo?ur;k czãfo|kfl)kS loZ= t;fl)kS p fofu;ksx%A _";kfnU;kl%& ¬ vxLR;_"k;s
ue% f'kjfla vuq"Vqi N~ Unls ue% eq[ksA vkfnR;ân;Hkwr&czãnsork;S ue% âfna ¬ chtk; ue% xqáAs
jf'eers 'kä;s ue% ikn;ks%A ¬ rRlforqfjR;kfnxk;=hdhydk; ue% ukHkkSA djU;kl%& ¬
jf'eers v³~x"q BkH;ka ue%A ¬ leq|rs rtZuhH;ka ue%A ¬nsoklqjueLd`rk; e/;ekH;ka ue%A
¬fooLors vukfedkH;ka ue%A ¬ HkkLdjk; dfuf"BdkH;ka ue%A ¬ HkqousÜojk; djrydji`"BkH;ka
ue%A ân;kU;kl%& ¬ jf'eers ân;k; ue%A ¬ leq|rs f'kjls LokgkA ¬ nsoklqjueLd`rk;
f'k[kk;S o"kV~A ¬ fooLors dopk; gqeA~ ¬ HkkLdjk; us==;k; okS"kV~A ¬ HkqousÜojk; vók;
QV~A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % Lo% rRlforqojZ .s ;a HkxksZ nsoL; Ìhefg fÌ;ks ;ks u% izpksn;kr~AA Lrks=%& %&rrks ;q)
ifjJkUra lejs fpUr;k fLFkre~A jko.ka pkxzrks n`"V~ok ;q)k; leqifLFkre~AA nSorSÜp lekxE; nz"Vq
eH;kxrks j.ke~A mixE;kczohn~ jkeexLR;ks HkxokaLrnkAA jke jke egkckgks Ük`.kq xqáa lukrue~A
;su lokZujhu~ oRl lejs fotf;";lsAA vkfnR;aân;a iq.;a loZ'k=qfouk'kue~A t;koga tia
fuR;e{k;a ijea f'koe~AA loZe³~xyek³~xY;a loZikiiz.kk'kue~A fpUrk'kksdiz'keuek;qoÌZ uZ eqree~AA
jf'eeUra leq|Ura nsoklqueLd`re~A iw;Lo fooLoUra HkkLdja HkqousÜoje~AA loZnos kRedks ás"k
rstLoh jf'eHkkou%A ,"k nsoklqjx.kkWYa yksdku~ ikfr xHkfLrfHk%AA ,"kczãk p fo".kqÜp f'ko% LdUn%
iztkifr%A egsUnzks Ìun% dkyks ;e% lkseks áika ifr%AA firjks olo% lk/;k vfÜoukS e#rks euq%A
ok;qofZ õ% iztk% izk.k _rqdrkZ izHkkdj%AA vkfnR;% lfork lw;%Z [kx% iw"kk xHkfLreku~A lqo.kZln`'kks
HkkuqfgZj.;jsrk fnokdj%AA gfjnÜo% lgòkfpZ% lIrlfIreZjhfpeku~A frfejksUeFku% 'kEHkqLRo"Vk
ekrZ.Mdks·'kqHkku~AA fgj.;xHkZ% f'kf'kjLriuks·gLdjks jfo%A vfXuxHkks·Z fnrs% iq=% 'k³~[k% f'kf'kj
uk'ku%AA O;kseukFkLreksHksnh _X;tq%lkeikjx%A ?kuo`f"Vjika fe=ks foU/; ohFkhIyoaxe%AA vkrih
e.Myh e`R;q% fi³~xy% loZrkiu%A dfofoZÜoks egkrstk jä% loZHkoksnH~ ko%AA u{k=xzgrkjk.kkefÌiks
foÜoHkkou%A rstlkefi rstLoh }kn'kkReu~ ueks·LrqrAs A ue% iwokZ; fxj;s ifÜpek;knz;s ue%A
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vkfnR;k; ueks ue%AA ue mxzk; ohjk; lkj³~xk; ueks ue%A ue% in~eizcksÌk; izp.Mk; ueks·Lrq
rsAA czã's kkukP;qr's kk; lwjk;kfnR;opZlAs HkkLors loZHk{kk; jkSnkz ; oiq"ks ue%AA reks?uk; fge?uk;
'k=q?uk;kferkReusA d`r?u?uk; nsok; T;ksfr"kka ir;s ue%AA rIrpkehdjkHkk; gj;s foÜodeZ.ksa
ueLreks·fHkfu?uk; #p;s yksdlkf{k.ksAA uk'k;R;s"k oS Hkwra res"k l`tfr izHkq%A ik;R;s"k riR;s"k
o"kZR;s"k xHkfLrfHk%AA ,"k lqIrs"kq tkxfrZ Hkwr"s kq ifjfuf"Br%A ,"k pSokfXugks=a p Qya pSokfXugksf=.kke~AA
nsokÜp ØroÜpSo Ørwuka Qyeso pA ;kfu d`R;kfu yksd"s kq los"Z kq ijeizHkq%AA ,uekiRlq d`PN~"s kq
dkUrkjs"kq Hk;s"kq pA dhrZ;u~ iq#"k% dkfÜpékolhnfr jk?koAA ewt;LoSuesdkxzkz s nsonsoa txRifre~A
,rfR=xqf.kra tIRok ;q)"s kq fotf;";frAA vfLeu~ {k.ks egkckgks jko.ka Roa tfg";flA ,oeqDRok
 75
rrks·xLR;ks txke l ;Fkkxre~AA ,rPNqRok egkrstk u"V'kksdks·Hkor~ rnkA Ìkj;kekl lqihz rks
jk?ko% iz;rkReoku~AA vakfnR;a iz{s ; tIRosna ija g"kZeokIroku~A f=jkpE; 'kqfpHkwRZ ok Ìuqjknk;
oh;Zoku~AA jko.kai{sz ; â"VkRek t;kFkZla eqikxer~A loZ;Rusu egrko`rLrL; oÌ·Hkor~AA vFk jfoj
onféjh{; jkea eqfnreuk% ijea izâ";ek.k%A fuf'kpjifrla{k;a fofnRok lqjx.ke/; xrks opLRojsfrAA
AA nrk=s; dop AA
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Dyha Dywa DySa DykSa Dy%A Jh nÙkk=s;izlknfl)îFkZs tis fofu;ksx%AA djU;kl%&
djU;kl%&¬ nzka vax"q BkH;ka
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ue%A ¬ nz% djrydji`"BkH;ka ue%A ¬ HkwHkqoZ % LojkseA~ A
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fo'kkyihuo{kk'p rkezikf.knZyksnj%A i`FkqyJksf.kyfyrks fo'kkyt?kuLFky%A jEHkkLrEHkksi ekuks:tkZuiq ow dZS
ta?kd%A xw<xqYQ% dweiZ "` Bks ylRiknks ifjLFky%AA jDrkjfoUnln`'kje.kh; ink/kj%A pekZEcj/kjks
;ksxh LerZ̀xkeh {k.ks {k.ksAA Kkuksins'kfujrks foi)j.knhf{kr%A fl)kluleklhu _tqdk;ks
glUeq[k%AA okegLrsu ojnks nf{k.ksukHk;adj%A ckyksUeÙk fi'kkphfHk% Dofp|qDr% ijhf{kr%AA R;kxh
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egkikrduk'ku%A HkqfDriznks eqfDrnkrk thoUeqDrks u la'k;%AA ,oa /kRok ·uU;fpÙkks e}tzdopa
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ikrq jlkRed%A ftàka osnkRed% ikrq nUrks"BkS ikrq /kfeZd%A diksykof=Hkw% ikrq ikRo'ks"ka eekRefor~A
LojkRek "kksM'kk jkCtfLFkr% LokRek·orkn~xye~AA LdU/kkS pUnzkuqt% ikrq HkqtkS ikrq d`rkfnzjz Hkw%A
t=q.kh 'k=qftr~ ikrq ikrq o{k%LFkya gfj%AA dkfnBkUr}kn'kkjin~exks e#nkRed%A ;ksxh'ojs'oj%
ikrq ân;a ân;fLFkr%AA ik'osZ gfj% ik'oZorhZ ikrq ik'oZfLFkr% Le`r%A gB;ksxkfn;ksxK% dq{kh ikrq
d`ikfuf?k%AA MdkjkfnQdkjkUrn'kkjljlh#gsA ukfHkLFkys orZekuks ukfHka oà~;kRedks·orqAA ofàrÙoe;ks
;ksxh j{krkUef.kiwjde~A dfVa dfVLFkczãk.M oklqnos kRedks·orqA cdkjkfnydkjkUr"kV~i=kEcqt
 dop 76
cksÌd%A tyrÙoe;ks ;ksxh Lokf/k"Bkua eekorqAA fl)klu leklhu Å: fl)s'ojks·orqA
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ckj tidj â;kfnU;kl djuk½
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mokp%& dopa pf.MdknsO;k Jksrfq ePNkfe rs f'koA ;fn rs·fLr d`ikukFk ! dFk;Lo txr~ izHkksAA
Jhf'ko mokp%& Ük`.kq oRl! Ikzo{;kfe pf.Mdkdopa 'kqHke~A eqfä&Hkqfäiznkrkjek;q";a loZdkene~AA
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lnk ik;kr~ flf)fo|k n'kk{kjhA bR;srr~ dopa nsO;k pf.Mdk;k% 'kqHkkoge~A xksiuh;a iz;Rusu
dopa loZflf)ne~A loZj{kkdja /kkU;a u ns;a ;L; dL;fpr~A vKkRok dopa nsO;k ;% iBsr~
LroeqÙkee~A u rL; tk;rs flf)cZg/q kk iBusu pA ?k`RoSrr~ dopa nsO;k fnO;nsg/kjks HkosrA~
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dhyde~ Jha Ðha Dyha chte~ lnkf'koizhR;FksZ f'kodopLrks=tis fofu;ksx%AA
_";kfnU;kl%& ¬ czã_"k;s ue% f'kjflA vuq"Vqi NUnls ue% eq[ksA Jhlnkf'ko#nznos rk;S
 77
ue% âfnA âha 'kä;s ue% ikn;ks%A oa dhydk; ue% ukHkkSA Jha âha Dyhafefr chtk; ue% xqáAs
fofu;ksxk; ue% lokZxa As A
djU;kl%& ¬ueks Hkxors ToyTTokykekfyus âha jka loZ 'kfä/kkEus bZ'kkukReus vax"q BkH;ka ue%A
¬ ueks Hkxors ToyTTokyk ekfyus ua jha fuR;r`fIr/kkEus rRiq#"kkReus rtZuhH;ka LokgkA ¬ ueks
Hkxors ToyTTokykekfyus ea :a vukfn'kfä/kkEus v?kksjkReus e/;ekH;ka o"kV~A ¬ ueks Hkxors
ToyTTokykekfyus f'ka jSa LorU=k'kfä/kkEus oke nsokReus vukfedkH;ka gqeA~ ¬ ueks Hkxors Toy
TTokykekfyus oka jkSa vyqIr'kfä/kkEus l|kstkrkReus dfuf"B dkH;ka okS"kV~A ¬ ueks Hkxors
ToyTTokykekfyus ;a j% vukfn'kfä/kkEus lokZReus djrydji`"BkH;ka QV~AA
ân;kU;kl%& ¬ueks Hkxors ToyTTokykekfyus âha jka loZ 'kfä/kkEus bZ'kkukReus ân;k; ue%A
¬ ueks Hkxors ToyTTokyk ekfyus ua jha fuR;r`fIr/kkEus rRiq#"kkReus f'kjls LokgkA ¬ ueks
Hkxors ToyTTokykekfyus ea :a vukfn'kfä/kkEus v?kksjkReus f'k[kk;S o"kV~A ¬ ueks Hkxors
ToyTTokykekfyus f'ka jSa LorU=k'kfä/kkEus okensokReus dopk; gqeA~ ¬ ueks Hkxors ToyTTokyk
ekfyus oka jkSa vyqIr'kfä/kkEus l|kstkrkReus us=k=;k; okS"kV~A ¬ ueks Hkxors ToyTTokykekfyus
;a j% vukfn'kfä/kkEus lokZReus vókk; QV~AA
è;ku%& otzn"Vªf=u;ua dkyd.Befjanee~A lgòdjeI;qxaz oUns 'kEHkqeeq kifre~ A A
_"kHk mokp %& vFkkija loZijq k.kxqáA fu%'ks"kikikS?kgja ifo=ke~AA t;izna loZfoif}ekspuaA
o{;kfe 'kSoa dopa fgrk; rsAA ueLd`R; egknsoa foÜoO;kfiuehÜoje~A o{;s f'koe;a oeZ
loZj{kkdja u`.kke~AA 'kqpkS ns'ks leklhuks ;FkkoRdfYirklu%A ftrsfUnz;ks ftrizk.kfÜpUr;sfPNoeO;;e~AA
âRiq.MjhdkUrjlafufo"Vaa ] Lorstlk O;kIruHkks·odk'ke~A vrhfUnz;a lw{eeuUrek|a] è;k;sr~ ijkuUne;a
egs'ke~AA è;kuko/kwrkf[ky deZcU/k] fÜpja fpnkuUnfueXupsrk%A "kM{kjU;kllekfgrkRek] 'kSous
dq;kZr~ dopsu j{kke~A eka ikrq nsoks·f[kynsorkRek] lalkjdwis ifrra xHkhjsA réke fnO;a
ojeU=ewy]a /kquksrq es loZe?ka âfnLFke~AA loZ= eka j{krq foÜoewfrZ] T;ksfZ reZ;kUun?kufÜpnkRekA
v.kksj.kh;kuq#'kfäjsd%] l bZÜoj% ikrq Hk;kn'ks"kkr~AA ;ks HkwLo:is.k fcHkfrZ foÜoa] ik;kr~ l
Hkwefs xZfj'kks·"VewfrZ%A ;ks·ika Lo:is.k u`.kka djksfr] lathoua lsk·orq eka tysH;%AA dYikolkus
Hkqoukfu nXèok] lokZf.k ;ks u`R;fr HkwfjyhyA l dky#nzk·s orq eka nokXus] okZR;kfnHkhrsjf[kykPp
rkikr~AA iznhIrfo|qrdudkoHkklks] fo|kojkHkhfrdqBkjikf.k%A prqe[Zq kLrRiq#"k fóus=%] izkP;ka
fLFkra j{krq eketlzeA~ A dqBkjosnkad'q kik'k'kwy] diky<Ddk{kxq.kku~ n/kku%A prqe[Zq kks uhy#fp
fóus=%] ik;kn?kksjks fnf'knf{k.kL;ke~AA dqUnsUnq'ka[kLQfVdkoHkklks] osnk{kekykojnkHk;kad%a A ×;{kÜprq%oZD=
m#izHkko%] l|ks·f/k tkrks·orq eka izrhP;ke~AA ojk{kekykHk;VadgLr%]ljkstfdŒtYdlekuo.kZ% A
f=ykspuÜpk#prqe[Zq kks eka] ik;knqnhP;ka fnf'k okenso%AA osnkHk;s"Vk³~d'q kik'kVad] diky<Ddk{kd'kwy
ikf.k%A flr|qfr% iŒpeq[kks·orkUek] eh'kku mèoaaZ ijeizdk'k%AA ew)kZueO;kUee pUnzekSfy] HkkZya
eek O;knFk Hkkyus=%A us=s eekO;kn~ Hkxus=gkjh] uklka lnk j{krq foÜoukFk%AA ik;kPNqrh es
 veks?k f'kodop 78
Jqfrxhr dhfrZ%] diksy eO;kr~ lrra dikyhA oD=a lnk j{krq iŒpoD=ks] ftàka lnk j{krq
osnftà%AA d.Ba fxjh'kks·orq uhyd.B%] ikf.k};a ikrq fiukdikf.k%A nkseyZw eO;kUee /keZckgq]
oZ{k%LFkya n{ke[kkUrdks·O;krA eeksnja ikrq fxjhUnz/kUok] eè;a eekO;kUenukUrdkjhA gsjEcrkrks
ee ikrq ukfHka] ik;kr~ dVh /kwtfZ VjhÜojks esAA Å:};a ikrqq dqcjs fe=ks] tkuq};a es txnhÜojks·O;kr~A
ta?kk;qxa iqxa odsrjq O;kr~] iknkS eekO;kr~ lqjoU|ikn%AA egsÜoj% ikrq fnukfn;kes] eka eè;;kes·orq
okenso%A ×;Ecd% ikrq r`rh;;kes] o`"kèot% ikrq fnukUR; ;kesA ik;kfé'kknkS 'kf'k'ks[kjks eka]
xaxkÌjks j{krq eka fu'khFksA xkSjhifr% ikrq fu'kkolkus] e`R;qŒt;ks j{krq loZdkye~AA vUr%fLFkra
j{krq 'kdajks eka] LFkk.kq% lnk ikrq cfg%fLFkra eke~A rnUrjs ikrq ifr% i'kwuka ] lnkf'koks j{krq eka
leUrkr~AA fr"BUreO;kn~HkqouSdukFk%] ik;kn~ oztUra izeFkkf/kukFk%A osnkUros|ks·orq eka fu"k..ka]
ekeO;;% ikrq f'ko% 'k;kue~AA ekxs"Z kq eka j{krq uhyd.B%] 'kSykfnnqx"Zs kq iqj×;kfj%A vj.;oklkfnegkizokls]
ik;kUe` x O;k/k mnkj'kfä%AA dYikUrdkVks i iVq i z d ks i % ]LQq V kêgklks P pfyrk.Mdks ' k%A
?kksjkfjlsuk.kZonqfuZokj] egkHk;kn~ j{krq ohjHknz%AA iÙ;Üoekrax?kVko:Fk] lgòy{kk;qr dksfVHkh"k.ke~A
v{kkSfg.khuka 'krekrrkf;uka] fNU|kUe`Mks ?kksjdqBkj/kkj;kAA fugUrq nL;wu~ izy;kuykfpZ] ToZyr~
f='kw y a f=iq j kUrdL;A 'kknw Z y fla g {kZ o ` d kfnfga ò ku~ ] la = kl;Roh'k/kuq % fiukde~ A A
nq%LoIunq'kdqunqxfZ rnkSeuZ L;] nqfHkZ{knqO;Zlu nqLlgnq;'Z kkaflA mRikrrkifo"kHkhfreln~xgz kfrZ] O;kÌhaÜp
uk'k;rq es txrkeÌh'k%A ueks Hkxors lnkf'kok; ldyrÙokRedk; ldyrÙofogkjk; ldyyksddS d=sZ
ldy yksddS Hk=sZ ldyyksddS g=sZ ldyyksddS xqjos ldyyksddS lkf{k.ksls dy fuxexqák;
ldyojiznk; ldy nqfjrkfÙkZHkŒtuk; ldytxnHk;adjk; ldy yksddS 'kadjk; 'k'kkad'ks[kjk;
'kkÜorfutkHkklk; fuxq.Z kk; fu#iek; uh:ik; fujkHkklk; fujke;k; fu"iziŒpk; fu"dyadk;
fu}ZU}k; fuLla?kk; fueZyk; fuxZek; fuR;:i foHkok; fu#iefoHkok; fujk/kkjk; fuR;
'kq)cq)ifjiw.kZlfPpnkuUnk};k; ije'kkUr izdk'krstks: s ik; t; t; egk#nz egkjkSnz Hknzkorkj
nq%[knkonkj.k egkHkSjo dkyHkSjo dYikUrHkSjo diky ekykÌkj [kV~okax [kMxpeZik'kkad'q kMe#
'kwy pkick.kxnk'kfäfHkfUniky rksejeqly eqnx~ jifê'k ij'kqifj?kHkq'kq.Mh 'kr?uhpØk|k;qÌ
Hkh"k.kdj lgòeq[k na"Vªkdjky fodVkêgklfoLQkfjrczãk.Me.My ukxsUn dq.My ukxsUnzgkj
ukxsUnzoy; ukxsUnzpeZÌj e`R;qŒt; ×;Ecd f=iqjkUrd fo:ik{k foÜosÜoj foÜo:i o`"kHkokgu
fo"kHkw"k.k foÜorks eq[k loZrks j{k j{k eka Toy Toy egke`R;qHk;eie`R;qHk;a uk'k; uk'k;
jksxHk;eqRlkn;ksRlkn; fo"kliZHk;a 'ke; 'ke; pksjHk;a ekj; ekj; ee 'k=wuPq pkV;ksPpkV; 'kwyus
fonkj; fonkj; dqBkjs.k fHkfU/k fHkfU/k [kM~xus fNfU/k fNfU/k [kV~okaxus foiksFk; foiksFk; eqlysu
fu"is"k; fu"is"k; ck.kS% larkM; larkM; j{kkafl Hkh"k;Hkh"k; Hkwrkfu fonzko;fonzko;
dw"ek.Mosrkyekjhx.kczãjk{klku la=kl; la=kl; eekHk;a dq# dq# fo=Lra ekekÜokl;kÜokl;
ujdHk;kUekeq)kj;ks)kj; latho; latho; {kqÙk`MH~ ;ka ekekI;k;;kI;k;; nq%[kkrqja ekekuUn;kuUn;
f'kodopsu ekekPNkn;kPNkn; ×;Ecda lnkf'ko ueLrs ueLrs ueLrsAA
 79
_"kHk mokp %& bR;srRdopa 'kSoa ojna O;kâra e;kA loZck/kkiz'keua jgL;a loZnfs guke~A ;% lnk
/kkj;sUeR;Z% 'kSoa dopeqÙkee~A u rL; tk;rs Dokfi Hk;a 'kEHkksjuqxgz kr~A {kh.kk;qeRZ` ;qekiéks
egkjksxgrks·fi okA l|% lq[keokIuksfr nh?kZek;qÜp foUnfrA loZnkfjnz;~ 'keua lkSexa Y;foo/kZue~A
;ks /kÙks dopa 'kSoa l nsojS fi iwt;rsA egkikrdla?kkrSePZq ;rs pksiikrdS%A nsgkUrs f'koekIuksfr
f'kooekZuq Hkkor%A Roefi J);koRl 'kSoa dopeqÙkee~A /kj;Lo e;k nÙka l|% Js;ks áokIL;flAA
AA u`flag dop AA
¬ ueksuf` lagk; loZn"q V fouk'kuk; loZtu eksguk; loZjkT;o';a dq# dq# LokgkA ¬
ueks u`flagk; u`flagk; u`flagjktk; ujds'kk; ueks ueLrsA ¬ ue% dkyk; dky nz"Vªk;
djkyonkuk; pA ¬ mxzk; mxz ohjk; mxz fodVk; mxz otzk; otznfs gus #nzk; #nz?kksjk; Hknzk;
Hknzdkfj.ksA ¬ tzha âha u`flagk; ue% LokgkA ¬ ueks u`flagk; dfiyk; dfiytVk; veks?kokpk;
lR;a lR;a ozra egksxz izp.M :ik;A ¬ Ðka Ðha ÐkSa ¬ Ðqa Ðqa Ðqa ¬ {kzka {kzha {kzkaS QV~ LokgkA ¬ ueks
u`flagk; dfiy tVk; ue% loZjksxku~ cU/k] cU/k loZ xzgku~ cU/k] cU/k loZnks"kknhuka cU/kcU/k]
loZ o`f'pdknhuka fo"ka cU/k] cU/k loZHkwr&izrs fi'kkp] Mkfduh &'kkfduh ;a= ea=knhu~ cU/k cUÌ]
dhy; dhy;] pw.kZ; pw.kZ;] enZ; enZ;] ,as ,sa ,fg ,fg ee ;s;s fojksf/kuLrku~ lokZu~ loZrks
gu gu] ng ng] eFk eFk] ip ip] pØs.k] xnk ctz.s k] Hk"eh dq# dq# LokgkA ¬ Dyha Jha
Ðha Ðha {kzkaS {kzkaS {kzkaS u`flagk; ue% LokgkA ¬ vka Ðha {kzkaS ØkSa gqa QV~ ¬ ueks Hkxors lqn'kZu ujflagk;
ee fot;:is dk;sZ Toy Toy izToy izToy vlk/;esudk; 'kh?kza lk/k; lkÌ; ,ua loZifz rcUÌdsH;%
loZrks j{k j{k gqa QV~ LokgkAA ¬ {kzkaS ¬ ueks Hkxors ujflagk; ,rn~nks"ka izp.M pØs.k tfg
tfg LokgkAA ¬ueks Hkxors egku`flagk; djkyonu na"Vªk; ee fo?uku~ ip ip LokgkA ¬ ueks
ujflagk; fgj.; d';i o{kLFky fonkj.kk; f=Hkqou O;kidk; Hkwrizrs fi'kkp Mkfduh&'kkfduh
dkyuksUewyuk; ee 'kjhja LFkEHkksnH~ ko leLr nks"kku~ gu gu] 'kj 'kj] py py] dEi; dEi;]
eFk eFk] gqa QV~ B% B%A ¬ ueks Hkxors Hkks Hkks lqn'kZu ukjflag] ¬ vka Ðha ØkSa {kzkaS gqa QV~ ¬
lgòkj eekax orZeku eeqd jksxa nkj; nkj; nqfjra gu gu ikia eFk eFk vkjksX;a dq# dq# Ðka
Ðha Ðqa ÐSa ÐkSa gqa gqa QV~ ee 'k=qa gu gu f}"k f}"k rnip;a dq# dq# ee lokZFkZ lkÌ; lkÌ;A
¬ ueks Hkxors ukjflagk; ¬ {kzkaS ØkSa vka Ðha Dyha Jha jka LQzaS Cyqa ;a ja ya oa "ka òka gqa QV~ LokgkAA
¬ ue% Hkxors u`flagk; ueLrstLrstlsA vfojkfHkHkZo otzu[k otzn"a Vª dekZ'k;ku~A ja/k; ja/k;
reks xzl xzl ¬ LokgkA vHk;eHk;kRefu Hkwf;"Bk% ¬ {kzkeaS A~ A ¬ ueks Hkxors rqH; iq#"kk;
egkReus gfja·n~Hkqr flagk; czãk.ka ijekReusA ¬ mxza mxza egkfo".kqa ldyk/kkja loZrkse[q ke~A u`flag
Hkh"k.ka Hknza e`R;q e`RR;qa uekE;ge~AA
AAvFk Jhukjk;.kdopAA ¼fo?uksdk uk'k fot;] vkjksX; o ,s'o;Z izkfIrds fy,½
jktksokp%& ;;k xqIr% lgòk{k% lokgku~ fjiqlfS udku~A ØhMféo fofuftZR; f=yksD;k cqHkqts fJ;e~
HkxoaLrUeek[;kfg oeZ ukjk;.kkRede~A ;Fkk·rrkf;u% 'k=wu~ ;su xqIrks·t;Ue`/ks AA
 ukjk;.k dop 80
Jh'kqd mokp%& o`r% iqjksfgrLRok"Vªks egsUnzk;kuqiP` NrsA ukjk;.kk[;a oekZga rfngSdeuk% 'k`.kqAA
foÜo:Ik mokp%& ?kSkrk³~f?kzikf.kjkpE; lifo= mnaxeq[k%A d`rLokaxdjU;klks eU=kH;ka okX;r%
'kqfp%AA ukjk;.ke;a oeZ lauásn~ Hk; vkxrsA ikn;kstkZuquks:oksZ#njs âFkksjflAA eq[ks
f'kjL;kuqiOw ;kZnksda kjknhfu foU;lsrA~ ¬ueks ukjk;.kk;sfr foi;Z;eFkkfi okAA djU;kla rr% dq;kZn~
}kn'kk{kjfo|;kA iz.kokfn;dkjkUr eaxYq ;ax"q BioZlAq A U;lsn/~ k`n; vksda kja fodkjeuq ew/kZfuA "kdkja
rq Hkqoz kse/Z ;s .kdkja f'k[k;k fn'ksrA~ A Oksdkja us=;ks;ŒZq T;kaudkja loZlfa /k"kqA edkjeóeqfí'; eU=ewfrZHkZons ~
cq/k%AA lfolxZa QMUra rr~ loZfn{kq fofufnZ'ksrA~ ¬ fo".kos ue% bfrAA vkRekua ijea /;k;sn~
/;s;a "kV~'kfäfHk;qrZ e~A fo|k rstLriksefw rZfeea eU=eqnkgjsrA~ A gfjfoZn /;kUee loZj{kka] U;Lrka³f?kzine%
irxsUnzi"` BsA njkfjpekZflxns"kq pki] ik'kku~ n/kkuks·"Vxq.kks·"Vckgq% AA tys"kq eka j{krq eRL;ewfrZ;kZnksx.Z ksH;ks
o#.kL; ik'kkr~A LFkys"kq ek;koVqokeuks·O;kr~ f=foØe% [ks·orq foÜo:i%A nqx"Zs oVO;kfteq[kkfn"kq
izHkq% ik;ké`flagks·lqj;wFkikfj%A foeqŒprks ;L; egkêgkla fn'kks fousnUq ;Z iraÜp xHkkZ%AA j{kRolkS
ek/ofu ;KdYi%] Lona"Vª;kséhr/kjks ojkg%A jkeks·fnzdwVs"oFk foizokls] ly{e.kks· O;kn~
Hkjrkxztks·Leku~A ekeqx/z kekZnf[kykr~ izeknk] ékjk;.k% ikrq ujÜp gklkr~A nÙkLRo;ksxknFk ;ksxukFk%]ik;kn~
xq.ks'k%dfiy% deZ cU/kkr~AA luRdqekjks·orq dkensok] ); 'kh"kkZ eka ifFk nsogsyukr~A nsof"kZo;Z%
iq#"kkpZukUrjkr~] dweksZ gfjekZa fuj;kn'ks"kkr~AA /kUoUrfj HkZxoku~ ikRoiF;kn~ }U}kn~ Hk;kn`"kHkks
fuftZrkRekA ;KÜp yksdknorkTtukUrkn~ cyks x.kkr~ Øks/ko'kknghUnz%AA }Sik;uks Hkxokuizcks/kkn~
cq)Lrq ik[k.Mx.kkr~ izeknkr~A dfYd% dys% dkyeykr~ izikrq /kekZouk;ks#d`rk orkj%A eka ds'koks
xn;k izkrjO;kn~ xksfoUnvklax oekÙkos.kq%A ukjk;.k% izkà mnkÙk'kfäeZ/;afnus fo".kqjjhUnzikf.k%AA
nsoks·ijkàs e/kq gksx/z kUok lk;a f=/kkekorq ek/koks eke~A nks"ks âf"kds'k mrk/kZjk=s fu'khFk ,dks·orq
iùukHk%AA JhoRl/kkekijjk= bZ'k%] izR;w"k bZ'kks·fl/kjks tuknZu%A nkeksnjks·O;knuql/a ;a izHkkrs]
foÜosÜojks Hkxoku~ dkyewfrZ%AA pØa ;qxkUrkuy frXeusfe] Hkzer~ leUrkn~ HkxoRiz;ä q e~A nanfX/k
nanX/; fjlSU;ek'kq] d{ka ;Fkk okrl[kks gqrk'k%A xns·'kfu Li'kZufoLQqfyaxs] fuf"if.<
fuf"i.<îftrfiz;kfl]A dw"ek.MoSuk;d;{kj{kks] HkwrxzgkaÜpw.kZ; pw.kZ;kjhu~AA Roa ;krq/kkuizeFk
izrs ekr` fi'kkpfoizxgz ?kksjn`"Vhu~A njsUs nz fonzko; d`".kiwfjrks HkheLouks·jsânZ ;kfu dEi;u~AA Roa
frXe/kkjkflojkfjlSU;eh'kiz;ä q ks ee fNfUN fNfUNA p{kwfa "k peZ×NrpUnz Nkn; f}"kke?kksuka gj
ikip{kq"kke~AA ;éks Hk;a xzgHs ;ks·Hkwr~ dsrHq ;ks u`H; ,o pA ljhl`iHs ;ks naf"VªH;ks HkwrHs ;ks·gksH; ,o
okAA lokZ.;srkfu Hkxoéke :ikódhrZukr~A iz;kUrq la{k;a l|ks ;s u% Js;% izrhidk%A x#Mks
Hkxoku~ Lrks=LrksHk'NUnkse;% izHkq%A j{kRo'ks"kd`PNsªH;ks fo"oDlsu% LoukefHk%AA lokZin~H;ks
gjsukZe:Ik;kuk;q/kkfu u%A cq)hfUnz;eu% izk.kku~ ikUrq ik"kZnHkw"k.kk%AA ;Fkk fg Hkxokuso oLrqr%
lnlPp ;r~A lR;sukusu u% losZ ;kUrq uk'keqinzok%AA ;FkSdkRE;kuqHkkokuka fodYijfgr% Lo;e~A
Hkw"k.kk;q/kfyaxk[;k /kÙks 'käh% Loek;;kAA rsuoS lR;ekusu loZKks Hkxoku~ gfj%A ikrq loS%Z
Lo:iSu%Z lnk loZ= loZx%AA fofn{kq fn{kw/oZe/k% leUrknUrcZfgHkZxoku~ ukjflag%A izgki;WYa yksdHk;a
 81
Lousu Lorstlk xzLrleLrrstk%AA e?kofének[;kra oeZ ukjk;.kkRede~A fots";L;Œtlk ;su
naf'krks·lqj;wFkiku~AA ,rn~ /kkj;ek.kLrq ;a ;a i';fr p{kq"kkA ink ok laLi`'ksr~ l|% lk/olkr~
l foeqP;rsA u dqrfÜpn~ Hk;a RL; fo|ka /kkj;rks HkosrA~ jktnL;qxgz knh;ks O;k?kzkfnH;Üp
dfgZfpr~AA beak fo|ka iqjk dfÜpr~ dkSf'kdks /kkj;u~ f}t%A ;ksxÌkj.k;k Lokaxa tgkS l e#ÌUofuA
rL;ksifj foekusu xU/koZifrjsdnkA ;;kS fp=jFk% óhfHkZor` ks ;= f}t{k;%AA xxukUU;irr~ l|%
lfoekuks áokd~f'kjk%A l okyf[kY;opuknLFkhU;knk; fofLer%A izkL; izkphljLoR;ka LukRokÌke
LoeUoxkr~AA Jh'kqd mokp%&mokp%&; bna 'k`.kq;kr~ dkys ;ks /kkj;fr pkn`r%A ra ueL;fUr Hkwrkfu
eqP;rs loZrks Hk;kr~AA ,rka fo|kef/kxrks foÜo:ikPNrØrq%A =SyksD;y{eha cqHkqts fofuftZR;
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ukjk;.kijk osnk nsok ukjk;.kkaxtk%A ukjk;.kijk yksdk ukjk;.kijk e[kk%A ukjk;.kijks ;ksxks
ukjk;.kija ri%A ukjk;.kija Kkua ukjk;.kijk xfr% AA
AA xtsUnz eks{kAA ¼_.k o 'k=qls NqVdkjk o nqHkkZX; uk'kds fy,½
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;fLefUuna ;r'psna ;usna ; bna Lo;e~A ;ks·Lekr~ ijLekPp ijLra izi|s Lo;EHkqoe~AA ;%
LokReuhna futek;;kfiZr]a ôfPn~ foHkkra ô p rr~ frjksfgre~A vfo)n`d~ lk{;qHk;a rnh{krs] l
vkReewyks·orq eka ijkRij%AA dkysu iŒpRofers"kq d`RLu'kks] yksd"s kq ikys"kq p loZgrs "q kqA reLrnk·lhn~
xgua xHkhja] ;LrL; ikjs·fHkfojktrs foHkq%AA u ;L; nsok _"k;% ina fonq] tZUrq% iqu% dks·gZfr
xUrqehfjrqeA~ ;Fkk uVL;kd`frfHkfoZp"s Vrks] nqjR;;kuqØe.k% l ekorqAA fnn`{k+ oks ;L; ina lqe³~xye~]
foeqäl³~xk equ;% lqlkÌo%A pjUR;yksdozreoz.ka ous] HkwrkReHkwrk% lqân% l es xfr%AA u fo|rs
;L; p tUe deZok] u uke:is xq.knks"k ,o okA rFkkfi yksI;;laHkok; ;%] Loek;;k
rkU;uqdksyd`PNfrAA rLeS ue% ijs'kk; czã.ks·uUr'kä;sA v:ik;ks#:ik; ue vkÜp;ZdeZ.ksAA
ue vkReiznhik; lkf{k.ks ijekReusA ueks fxjka fonwjk; eul'psrlkefiAA lRosu izfryEck;
uS"dE;s.Z k foifÜprkA ue% dSoY;ukFkk; fuokZ.klq[klafonsAA ue% 'kkUrk; ?kksjk; ew<k; xq.kÌfeZ.ksA
fufoZ'ks"kk; lkE;k; ueks Kku?kuk; pAA {ks=Kk; ueLrqH;a lokZ/;{kk; lkf{k.ksA iq#"kk;kReewyk;
ewyizdr` ;s ue%AA losfZ Unz;xqn"z Vs~ loZiRz ;;gsrosA vlrkPNk;;ksäk; lnkHkklk; rs ue%AA ueks
ueLrs f[kydkj.kk;] fu"dkj.kk;köqrdkj.kk;A lokZ xekEuk;egk.kZok;] ueksioxkZ; ijk;.kk;AA
xq.kkjf.kPNUufpnw"eik;] rR{kksHkfoLQwftZrekulk;A uS"dE;ZHkkosu fooftZrkxe] Lo;aid z k'kk;
ueLdjksfeAA ekn`DiziUui'kqik'kfoeks{k.kk;] eqäk; Hkwfjd#.kk; ueksy;k;A Loka'ksu loZruqHk`Ueufl
izrhr] izR;Xn`'ks Hkxors c`grs ueLrsAA vkRekRetkIrx`gfoÙktus"kq läS] nq"Z izki.kk; xq.kl³~xfooftZrk;A
eqäkRefHk% Loân;s ifjHkkork;] KkukReus Hkxors ue bZÜojk;AA ;a ÌeZdkekFkZfoeqfädkek]
 i;ksorz 82
HktUr b"Vka xfrekIuqofUrA fda Rokf'k"kks jkR;fi nsgeO;;a] djksrq es·nHkzn;ks foeks{k.ke~AA
,dkfUruks ;L; u dŒpukFkZ]a okŒNfUr ;s oS HkxoRiziUuk%A vR;öqra rPpfjra lqe³~xya] xk;Ur
vkuUnleqnez Xuk%AA re{kja czã ija ijs'k] eO;äek/;kfRed;ksxxE;e~A vrhfUnz;a lw{efeokfrnwj]
euUrek|a ifjiw.kZehMsAA ;L; czãkn;ks nsok osnk yksdk'pjkpjk%A uke:ifoHksnus QYXO;k p
dy;k d`rk%AA ;FkkfpZ"kks·Xus% lforqxHZ kLr;ks] fu;kZfUr la;kUR;ld`r~ Lojksfp"k%A rFkk ;rks·;a
xq.klaioz kgks] cqf)eZu% Lokfu 'kjhjlxkZ%AA l oS u nsoklqjeR;Zfr;Z³]~ u óh u "k.<ks u iqeku~ u
tUrq%A uk;a xq.k% deZ u lUu pklu~] fu"ksÌ'ks"kks t;rkn'ks"k%AA ftthfo"ks ukgfegkeq;k fd]
eUrcZfgÜpko`r;sHk;ksU;kA bPNkfe dkysu u ;L; foIyo] LrL;kReyksdkoj.kL; eks{ke~AA lks·ga
foÜol`ta foÜoefo'oa foÜoosnle~A foÜokRekueta czã iz.krks·fLe ija ine~AA ;ksxjfUÌrdekZ.kks
âfn ;ksxfoHkkforsA ;ksfxuks ;a izi';fUr ;ksx's ka ra urks·LE;ge~AA ueks ueLrqH;eláosxs ]
'kfä=;k;kf[kyÌhxq.kk;A iziUuikyk; nqjRr'kä;s] dfnfUnz;k.kk euokI;oReZuAs A uk;aons LoekRekua
;PNä;kgafÌ;k gre~A ra nqjR;;ekgkRE;a HkxoUrferks·LE;ge~AA Jh'kqd mokp& ,oa
xtsUnzeqiof.kZrfufoZ'ks"ka] czãkn;ks fofoÌfy³~xfHknkfHkekuk%A uSrs;nksill`iqfuZf[kykRedRokr~]
r=kf[kykeje;ks gfjjkfojklhr~AA ra r}nkrZeiq yE; txfUuokl%] Lrks=a fu'kE;fnfotS% lglaLrqofö%A
NUnkse;sux#Msu leqáeku] ÜpØk;qÌks·E;xenk'kq ;rks xtsUnz%AA
AA i;ksozrAA ¼euksokfŒNr larku izkfIr ds fy,½
vfnfr#okp& dsukga fofÌuk czãUuqiLFkkL;s txRifre~a ;Fkk es lR;ladYiks fon/;kr~ l
euksjFke~AA vkfn'k Roa f}tJs"B fofÌa rnqiÌkoue~A vk'kq rq";fr es nso% lhnUR;k% lg iq=dS%AA
d';i mokp& ,rUes HkxokUi`"V% iztkdkeL; iùt%A ;nkg rs izo{;kfe ozra ds'korks"k.ke~AA
QkYxquL;keys i{ks }kn'kkga i;ksorz %A vpZ;ns jfoUnk{ka HkDR;k ije;kfUor%AA fluhokY;ka e`nk·fyI;
Luk;kr~ ØksMfonh.kZ;kA ;fn yE;sr oS óksrL;sra eU=eqnhj;srA~ A Roa nsO;kfnojkgs.k jlk;k%
LFkkufePNrkA mn~Ìr` kfl ueLrqH;a ikIekua es iz.kk'k;AA fuoZfrZrkRefu;eks nsoepsrZ ~ lekfgr%A
vpkZ;ka LFkf.Mrs lw;Zs tys oõkS xqjkofiAA ueLrqH;a Hkxors iq#"kk; egh;lsA loZHkrfuoklk;
oklqnos k; lkf{k.ksAA ueks·O;äk; lw{ek; izÌkuiq#"kk; pa prqfoZ'kn~x.q kKk; xq.kla[;kugsrosAA
ueks f}'kh".ksZ f=ins prq%Ük`³x~ k; rUrosA lIrgLrk; ;Kk; =;hfo|kReus ue%AA ue% f'kok; #nzk;
ue% 'kfäÌjk; pA loZfo|kfÌir;s Hkwrkuka ir;s ue%A ueks fgj.;xHkkZ; izk.kk; txnkReusA
;ksxÜS o;Z'kjhjk; ueLrs ;ksxgsrosAA ueLr vkfnnsok; lkf{kHkwrk; rs ue%A ukjk;.kk; _"k;s ujk;
gj;s ue%AA ueks ejdr';keoiq"ks·fÌxrfJ;sA ds'kok; ueLrqH;a ueLrs ihrokllsAA Roa loZojn%
iqla ka ojs.;aojn"kZHkA vrLrs Js;ls Ìhjk% iknjs.kqeiq klrsAA vUoorZUr ;a nsok% JhÜp rRikniù;ks%A
Li`g;Ur bokeksna HkxokUes izlhnrke~AA ,rSeUZ =Sâ"Z khds'kekokguiqjLd`re~A vpZ;Ps N~);k ;qä%
ik|ksiLi'kZukfnfHk%AA vfpZRok xUÌekY;k|S% i;lk Lui;sn~ foHkqeA~ oóksiohrkHkj.kik|ksiLi'kZuLS rr%A
xUÌÌwikfnfHkÜpkpsnZ ~ }kn'kk{kjfo|;kAA Ük`ra i;fl uSo|s a 'kkY;Uua foHkos lfrA llfiZ% lxqMa nRok
 83
tqg;q kUewyf|;kAA fuosfnra rn~ Hkäk; n|kn~ HkqŒthrok Lo;e~A nRok·peuefpZRok rkEcwya p
fuosn;srA~ A tisn"VksÙkj'kra Lrqrhr LrqfrfHk% izHkqeA~ d`Rok iznf{k.ka HkwekS iz.kesn~ n.MoUeqnkAA d`Rok
f'kjfl rPNs"kka nsoeq}kl;sr~ rr%A }îojkUHkkst;sn~ foizkUik;lsu ;Fkksfpre~AA HkqŒthr rSjuqKkr%
'ks"ka ls"V% lHkkftrS%A czãpk;ZFk rnzk×;ka 'oksHkwrs izFkes·gfuAA Lukr% 'kqfp;ZFkksäus fofÌuk
lqlekfgr%A i;lk Lukif;RokpsnZ ~ ;kon~orz lekiue~AA i;ksHk{kks ozrfena pjsn~ fo".opZukn`r%A
iwooZ Ttqg;q knfXua czkã.kkaÜpkfi Hkkst;srA~ A ,oa Rogjg% dq;kZn~ }kn'kkga i;ksorz %A gjsjkjkÌua
gkseegZ.ka f}triZ.ke~AA izfrifíuekjH; ;koPNqDy=;ksn'khA czãp;ZeÌ%LoIua Lukua f=io.ka
pjsrA~ A otZ;ns lnkykia HkksxkuqPpkopkaLrFkkA vfgaò% loZHkwrkuka oklqnos ijk;.k%AA =;ksn';keFkks
fo".kks% Luiua iŒpdSfoZHkks%A dkj;sPNkón`"Vsu fofÌuk fofÌdksfonS%AA iwtka p egrha dq;kZn~
foÙk'kkBîfooftZr%A p#a fu:I; i;fl f'kfifo"Vk; fo".kosAA Ük`rus rsu iq#"ka ;tsr lqlekfgr%A
uSo|s a pkfrxq.kon~ n|kRiq#"krqf"Vne~AA vkpk;Za KkulEiUua oókHkj.kÌsufq Hk%A rksi;snf` RotÜpSo
rf}n~/;kjkÌua gjs%AA Hkkst;sr~ rku~ xq.kork lnUusu 'kqfpfLersA vU;kaÜp czkã.kkŒNr;k ;s p r=
lekxrk%AA nf{k.kka xqjos n|kn`fRoXE;Üp ;FkkgZr%A vUuk|suk'oikdkaÜp izh.k;sRleqikxrku~A
HkqäoRlq p los"Z kq nhukUÌd`i.ks"kq pAA fo".kksLrRizh.kua fo}kUHkqŒthr lg cUÌqfHk%AA u`R;okfn=xhrSÜp
LrqfrfHk% LofLrokpdS%A dkj;srRdFkkfHkÜp iwtka Hkxorks·Uoge~ AA ,rRi;ksorz a uke iq#"kkjkÌua
ije~A firkegsukfHkfgra e;k rs leqnkâre~AA
AA xksihxhrAA
t;frrs·f/kdatUeukozt%] J;rbfUnjk'Üon=fgA nf;rn`';rkafn{kqrkodk] LRof;/k`rkloLRokafofpUorsA
'kjnqnk'k;slk/kqtkrlr~ ljfltksnjJheq"kkn`'kkA lqjrukFkrs'kqYdnkfldk] ojnfu?urks usg fda o?k%AA
fo"ktyI;;kn~O;kyjk{klkn~] o"kZek#rkn~o|S rq kuykr~A o`"ke;kRetkn~foÜorksHk;k] n`"kHkrso;ajf{krkeqg%q AA
u[kyqxksfidkuUnuksHkok] uf[kynsfgukeUrkjkRen`dA fo[kulkfFkZrksfoÜoxqIr;s] l[kmnsf;oku~lkRorkadyq As
fojfprkHk;aof` ".kÌq;rZ ]s pj.keh;q"kkalla r` Hs kZ;kr~A djljks#ga dkUr dkena] f'kjfl /ksfg u% Jhdjxzge~AA
ozttukfrZguohj;ksf"krka] futtuLe;/oalufLerA Hktl[ksHkofRd³~djh%Leuks] ty#gkuuapk#n'kZ;AA
iz.krnsfgukaikid'kZu]a r`.kpjkuqxJ a hfudsrueA Qf.kQ.kkfiZrra is nkEcqt]a d`.kqdpq "s kq u% d`fUÌâPN;e~AA
e/kqj;kfxjkoYxqokD;;k] cqÌeuksK;kiq"djs{k.kA fof/kdjhfjekohjeqáfr] j/kjlh/kqukI;k;;Lo u%AA
rodFkke`rra Irthoua] dfofHkjhfMradYe"kkigeA Jo.keaxyaJhenkrra] Hkqfox`.kfUr rs Hkwfjnktuk%AA
izgflrafiz;izes oh{k.ka] fogj.kaprs/;kueaxyeA jgfllafonks;kâfnLi`'k%] dqgdukseu%{kksHk;fUr fgAA
pyfl;noztkPpkj;ui'kwu] ufyulqUnjaukFkrsineA f'kyr`.kakdqj%S lhnrhfru%]dfyyrkaeu%dkUr xPNfrA
fnuifj{k;suhydqUryS] oZu#gkuuafcHkznko`reA ?kujtLoya n'kZ;u eqg]q eZufl u% Leja ohj ;PNflAA
iz.krdkena in~etkfpZr]a /kjf.ke.Mua /;s;ekifnA pj.kiadta 'kUrea p rs] je.k u% Lrus"oiZ;kfÌgu~AA
lqjroÌZua 'kksduk'kua] Lofjos.kquk lq"Bq pqfEcre~A brjjkxfoLekj.ka u`.kk] forj ohj uLrs·Ìjke`re~AA
vVfr;nHkokufUgdkuua] =qfV;Zxq k;rsRokei';rkeA dqfVydqUryaJheq[kaprs] tMmnh{krkai{ed`nn`'kke~A
 xksihxhr o vkjrh 84
ifrlqrkUo;Hkzkr`ckU/kok]ufrfoya?k;rsUR;P;qrkxrk%A xfrfonLroksnxhreksfgrk%]fdro;ksf"kr% dLR;tsfUuf'k
jgfllafonaâPN;ksn;a] izgflrkuua izes oh{k.kaA c`gnqj% fJ;ks oh{e /kke rs] eqgjq frLi`gk eqárs eu%aAa A
oztoukSdlkaO;fäjaxrs] o`ftugU×;yafoÜoeaxye~A R;teukdpuLRoRLi`gkReuka] Lotuânztq ka ;fUu"kwnue~AA
;rsltq krpj.kkEcq#gaLrus"kq] Hkhrk%'kuS%fiz;nÌhefgddZ'ks"kqA
rsukVoheVflrn~O;FkrsufdafLor~] dwikZfnfHkHkZez frÌhHkonk;q"kka u%AA
AA vkjrh Jhx.ks'kthdhAA
t; x.ks'k t; x.ks'k t; x.ks'k nsokA ekrk tkdh ikoZrh firk egknsokAA
,d nar n;koar pkj Hkqtk /kkjhA eLrd ij flUnwj lksgs ewls dh lokjhAA t; x.ks'k0
va/ku dks vka[k nsr dksf<u dks dk;kA cka>u dks iq= nsr fu/kZu dks ek;kAA t; x.ks'k0
gkj p<s Qwy p<s vkSj p<s esokA yM~Mv q u dk Hkksx yxs lar djs lsokAA t; x.ks'k0
t; x.ks'k t; x.ks'k t; x.ks'knsokA ekrk tkdh ikjorh firk egknsokAA
xtkuua Hkwrx.kkfnlsfora dfiRFktEcw Qy pk# Hk{k.ke~A
meklqra 'kksdfouk'kdkjda uekfe fo?us'oj ikniadte~AA
o.kkZukeFkZl?a kkuke~ jlkuke~ NUnlkefiA eaxykuke~ p drkZjkS oUns ok.khfouk;dkSAA
AA vkjrh Hkxoku txnh'ojdhAA
vks3e~ t; txnh'k gjs] Lokeh t; txnh'k gjsA HkDr tuksa ds ladV] fNu esa nwj djs AA
tks /;kos Qy ikos nq[k fouls eudkA lq[k&lEifr ?kj vkos] d"VfeVs rudkAA ¬t;0
ekr&firk rqe esj]s 'kj.k iMWaw esa fdldhA rqe fcu vksj u nwtk] vkl d:W eas ftldhAA ¬t;
rqe iwju ijekRek] rqe vUr;kZehA ikjczã ijes'oj] rqe lcds LokehAA ¬t;0
rqe d#.kk ds lkxj] rqe ikyu drkZA eSa ewj[k [ky dkeh] d`ik djks HkrkZAA ¬t;0
rqe gks ,d vxkspj] lcds izk.kifrA fdl fof/k feyWaw n;ke;] rqedks eSa dqefrAA ¬t;0
nhucU/kq nq[k grkZ] rqe Bkdqj esjAs vius gkFk mBkvks] }kj iMk eSa rsjs AA ¬t;0
fo"k; fodkj feVkvks] iki gjks nsokA Jðk HkfDr cMkvks] lUru dh lsokAA ¬t;0
ru eu /ku lc dqN gs rsjk A rsjk rq>q dks viZ.k D;k ykxs esjkAA ¬t;0
vks3e~ t; txnh'k gjs] Lokeh t; txnh'k gjsA HkDr tuksds ladV {k.kesa nwj djsAa A ¬t;0
AA vkjrh Jh czãk] fo".kq] egs'kAA
¬t;f'ko vksda kjk Hkksygs jf'kovksda kjk czãkfo".kqlnkf'ko Hkksyus kFklnkf'ko vðkZxh/kkjkA ¬gj
,dkuu prqjkuu iapkuu jktsA galklu x:Mklu o`"kokgu lkts AA ¬gj gj
nks Hkwt pkj prqHkqtZ n'k Hkqt vfr lksgAs rhuksa :i fuj[krs f=Hkqou tu eksgAs A ¬gj gj
v{kekyk ouekyk :.Mekyk /kkjha f=iqjkjh dalkjh djekyk /kkjhAA ¬gj gj
'osrkEcj ihrkEcj ck?kkEcj vaxAs ludfnd x:Mkfnd Hkwrkfnd laxAs A ¬gj gj
dje/;s lqde.Myq pØ f='kwy /kkjhA lq[kdkjh nq[kgkjh tx ikyu dkjhAA ¬gj gj
 85
czãk fo".kq lnkf'ko tkur vfoosdkA iz.kok{kj esa 'kksfHkr ;s rhuksa ,dkAA ¬gj gj
dk'khes fo'oukFkfojkts uUnkscãz pkjhA furmBHkksxyxkosa izfrfnun'kZuikosa efgekvfrHkkjhAA¬gj
f=xq.k Lokehdh vkjrhtks dksbZ ujxkosA dgr f'kokuUnLokeh euokafNr Qy ikosAa A ¬gj gj
vks3e t;f'kovksda kjk] Hkksys gjf’kovksda kjk] gksf'koikoZrhdkI;kjk] gksf'kovks<re`xNkyk] gks
f'koihrsHkaxI;kyk gksf'koxyliksdaZ hekykA tVkesxa xa fojkts] eLrdispUnzfojkts] Åijty/kkjkA¬gj
AAA vkjrh guqekuth dhAA
vkjrh dhtS guqeku yyk dhA nq"Vnyu j?kqukFk dykdhAA tkds cyls fxfjoj dkWia As jksx nks"k
tkds fudV u >kWda As A vatfu iq= egk cynkbZ A lUru ds izHkq lnk lgkbZAA ns chjk j?kqukFk
iBk;SA yadk tkfj lh; lqf/k yk;SAA vkjrhAA yadk lks dksfV leqnz lh [kkbZA tkr iou lqr
ckj u ykbZAA yadk tkfj vlqj lagkjsA lh;kjke ds dkt lWoa kjsAs A vkjrhAA y{e.k ewfNZr iMs
ldkjsA vkfu lWta hou izk.k mckjsAA iSfB irky rkSfj te&dkjsA vfgjkou dh Hkqtk m[kkjsAA
vkjrhAA ck;sa Hkqtk vlqj ny ekjsA nfgus Hkqtk lartu rkjsAA lqj uj eqfu vkjrh mrkjsAa t;
t; t; guqeku mpkjsAa A vkjrhAA d×pu Fkkj diwj ykS NkbZA vkjrh djr vatuk ekbZAA tks
guqeku dh vkjrh xkoSA cfl cSd.q B ije in ikoSAAvkjrhAA
AA vkjrh Jh jkepUnzth dhAA
JhjkepUnzdi` kyq Hktqeu gj.kHkoHk;nk#.ke~A uo dat ykspu dat eq[k dj dat in datk#.ke~AA
daniZvxf.kr vferNfo uouhyuhjnlqUnje~A iVihrekugq rfMr#fp lqfp ukSeh tud lqrkoje~AA
Hktq nhucU/kq fnus'k nkuo nSR;oa'k fudanue~A j?kquna vkuandan dkS'kypUnz n'kjFk uUnue~AA
fljeqdVq dqMa yfrydpk#mnkjvax foHkw"k.ke~A vktkuqHkqt 'kj pki /kj laxkz e ftr [kj nw"k.ke~AA
bfronfrrqylhnkl'kadj'ks"keqfutujatue~A ee ân; dat fuokl dq# dkekfn [ky ny xatue~AA
AA vkjrh nqxkZth dhAA
vEcsrgw tS xnEcsdkyh] t;nqx[Zs kIijokyh] rsjgs hxq.kxkosHa kkjrh] vkse;S kgelcmrkjsra js hvkjrhA eS;k0
rsjs HkDr tuksa ij ekrk Hkhj iMh gS HkkjhA nkuo ny ij VwV iMks ekWa djds flag lokjhAA
lkS lkS flgksa ls cy'kkyh] gS v"V Hkqtkvksa okyh] nq"Vksa dks rw gh yydkjrhA vks eS;k0
ekWa csVs dk gS bl tx esa cMk gh fueZy ukrkA iwr diwr lqus gSa ij uk ekrk lquh dqekrkAA
lcis d:.kk n'kkZus okyh] ve`r cjlkus okyh] nqf[k;ksa ds nq[kMs fuokjrhAA vks eS;k ge lc0
ugha ekaxW w ekWa /ku vksj nkSyr] u pkWnh u lksukA ge rks ekWxa s rsjs pj.kks esa ,d NksVk lk dksukAA
lcdh fcxMh cukus okyh] ykt cpkus okyh] lfr;ksa ds lr dks laokjrhAA vks eS;k ge lc0
pj.k'kj.k esa [kMs rqEgkjh] ys iwtk dh FkkyhA ojn gLr lj ij j[k nks ekWa ladV gjus okyhAA
ekWa Hkjnks HkfDr jlI;kyh] v"VHkqtkvksa okyh] HkDrksda s dkjt rw gh lkjrhAA vks eS;k 0
AA vkjrh laUrks"kh ekrk dhAA
t; lark"kh ekrk eS;k t; lUrks"kh ekrkA vius lsod tu dh lq[k lEifr nkrkAA vks3e t;0
 nqxkZ vkjk/kuk 86
lqUnj phj lqugjh ekWa /kkj.k dhUgkWAa ghjk iUuk neds ru J`xkaj yhUgkWAa A vks3e t;
xs: yky NVk Nfo cnu dey lksgAs eUn glr d:.kke;h f=Hkqou eu eksgAs Avsk3e t;0
Lo.kZ flagklu cSBh paoj <qjas I;kjsA /kwi nhi e/kqeos k Hkksx /kjs U;kjsAA vks3e t;0
xqMv: puk ije fiz; rkesa lUrks"k fd;ksA lUrks"kh dgykbZ HkDru foHko fn;ksAA vks3e t;0
'kqØokj fiz; ekur vkt fnol lksghA HkDr e.Myh NkbZ dFkk lqur eksghA vks3e t;0
efUnj txex T;ksfr eaxy /ofu NkbZA fou; djsa ge ckyd pjuu flj ukbZAA vks3e t;0
HkfDr Hkkoe; iwtk vaxhd`r dhtS tks eu clS gekjs bPNk Qy nhtSAA vks3e t;0
nq[kh nfjnzh jksxh ladV eqDr fd;sA cgq /ku /kkU; Hkjs ?kj lq[k lkSHkkX; fn;sAA vks3e t;0
/;ku/kj~;ks ftltu us euokWfNrQy ik;ksA iwtkdFkk Jo.kdj ?kjvkuUn vk;ksAA vks3e t;0
'kj.k xgs dh yTtk jf[k;ks txnEcsA ladV rw gh fuokjs n;ke;h vEcsAA vks3e t;0
lUrks"khekWda h vkjrh tks dksbZ uj xkosA _fð&flfð lq[k lEifr th Hkj ds ikosAA vks3e t;0
AA JhnqxkZ&vkjk/kukAA
nqxkZ&nqxoZs jnsgedks fnujkrjVWeaw ulsreq dksA fnujkrjgWuaw ;ukseas rsjs gjoDrjgsrc/;kursjksAA
rcvkWf[kjgseu/;kujgs flagkluesHa kfyewfrZjgsA gjoDr?kMhjgs/;kursjk izfrlkald:Wx.q kxku rsjkAA
euesua /kjksvijk/kesjk n;kewfrZjgstxukersjkA rqEgkjsHkjkslis jftUnxhgS rqEgkjspj.kksia jcUnxh gSAA
dqNea=ughadNq ra=ugh dqNikBughadNq tkiughaA fxjtkeuefUnjesNa ydks fctyhleefUnjesna edksAA
brukHkjkslkclgSgedks dHkh;knjgsgekjhrqedksA dHkhiwtuesua ghaiesz fd;k nqxkZreq dksughai"q ifn;kAA
ruesea ues/a kuesra eq gks ?kjesoa uesla cghrqegksA tcukefy;krHkhikjfd;k eudsn%q [kdkslcnwjfd;kAA
lcvk;qx;hfd;sikicgw rqens[khjghNqidsD;kjgWAaw /kuiq=lHkhtxdsghHkys ughavkRedsdksblZ kFkpysAA
lcthoudhrqethÅuhgks tMpsrudhrqevkRegksA lcds?kjesra eq eksfguhgks lcdkeudhrqeys[kuhgksAA
tVesfa 'kodhsreq tkuohgks tuuhgfjdhrqensos dhgksA lcnsortsfy;s'kj.krsjh pj.kksea fas y;slcyktesjhAA
f'koczãgfjjgs/;kursjs frgksya ksdclsu;ukseeas js As Hkolkxjlsdjikjf'kok lcyksxtikstiukef'kokAA
nqxkZreq gheelk;dgks tuuhrqegheeikydgks A f'kodhfiz;gksjekgksgfjdh rqejks'kuhgksHkoesla cdhAA
nqxkZnxq oZs jnsgedks fnujkrjVWeaw ulsreq dksA fnujkrjgWuaw ;uksea ras js s gjoDrjgsrc/;kursjksAA
}kn'kljLorhukekoyh%& izFkeaHkkjrhukef}rh;a p ljLorhA r`rh;a 'kkjnk nsoh prqFkZa galokfguhAA
iape txrh [;krk "k"Ba okxh'ojh rFkkA lIre dqenq h izkä s k v"Vea czãpkfj.khAA
uoe cqðekrk p n'kea ojnkf;uhA ,dkn'ka pUnzdkfUr% }kn'ka Hkqous'ojhAA
}kn'kSrkfu ukekfu f=laU/;a ;% iBsUuj%A ftg~okxzs olrs fuR;a czã:ik ljLorhAA
ljLorh egkHkkxs fo|s dey ykspusA fo'o:i fo'kkykf{k fo|ka nsfg ueks·LrqrAs A
}kn'kvkfnR;%& vkfnR;% izFkeauke f}rh;Urq fnokdj%A r`rh;a HkkLdja izkDs ra prqFkZa p izHkkdj%AA
i×pea p lgóka'kq "k"Ba pSo f=ykspu%A lIrea gfjn'o'p v"Vea p foHkkolq%AA
uoea fnud`RizkDs ra n'kea }kn'kkRed%A ,dkn'ka =;ks ewfrZ}knZ'ka lw;Z ,o pAA
 87
}kn'kSrkfu ukekfu izkr% dkys iBsUuj%A nq%LoIuuk'kua l|% loZ flfð% iztk;rsAA
}kn'kT;ksfrfyZ³x~ %& lkSjk"Vªs lkseukFk×p Jh'kSys efYydktquZ e~A mTtf;U;kegkdkyeksa dkjeeys'oje~AA
dsnkj fgeoRi`"Bs MkfdU;ka Hkhe'kadje~A okjk.kL;ka p fo'os'ka ×;Ecde~ xkSreh rVsAA
oS|ukFka fprkHkweksS ukxs'ka nk#dk ousA lsrq cU/ks p jkes'ka ?kq'es'ka p f'koky;sAA
}kn'kSrkfu ukekfu izkr#RFkk; ;% iBsrA~ loZiki fofueqDZ r% loZflfða Qya yHksrAA
fs o".kqLrqfr%& 'kkUrkdkja Hkqtq x'k;ua iùukHka lqj's kaA foÜok/kkja xxuln`'ka es?ko.kZa 'kqHkk³~xe~A
y{ehdkara deyu;ua ;ksfxfHk?;kZuxE;aA oUns fo".kqa HkoHk;gja loZyksddS ukFke~AA
vknkS jkeriksoukfnxeua gRok e`xa dk×pue~A oSngs hgj.ka tVk;qej.ka lqxhz olEHkk"k.ke~A
ckyhfuxzg.ka leqnrz j.ka yadkiqjhnkgue~A iÜpknzko.kdqEHkd.kZguua pSrf) jkek;.ke~AA
vknkS nsofdnsoxHkZtuua xksihx`gs o)Zue~A ek;kiwruthforkigj.ka xkso)Zuks)kj.ke~A
dalPNsnudkSjokfnguua dqUrhlqrkikyue~A ,rn~Hkkxora iqjk.kdfFkra Jhd`".kyhyke`re~AA
dLrwjhfryda yykViVys o{k%LFkys dkSLrqHke~A uklkxzs ojekSfDrda djrys os.kqa djs dad.ke~A
lokZ³x~ s gfjpUnua lqyfyra d.Bs p eqDrkoyh A xksiL=hifjosf"Vrks fot;rs xksikypwMkef.k%AA
d`".kk rhjs dksfdyk dsfy dhjs] xqta k iqta s nso iq"ikfn dqta As
dEcw xzhoks f{kIr ckgq pyUrks] jk/kk d`".kks eaxye es Hkosrke~AA
AA vP;qrk"Vde~AA
vP;qra ds'koa jkeukjk;.ka] d`".knkeksnja oklqnos a gfje~A
JhÌja ekÌoa xksfidkoYyHka] tkudh uk;da jkepUnza HktsAA 1
vP;qra ds'koa lR;HkkekÌoa] ekÌoa JhÌja jkfÌdkjkfÌraA
bfUnjkefUnja psrlklqUnja] nsodhuUnua uUnta lUnÌsAA 2
fo".kos ft".kos 'kaf[kus pfdz.ks] #fDe.khjkfx.ks tkudhtku;sA
oYyohoYyHkk;kfpZrk;kReus] dalfo/oaflus oaf'kus rs ue%AA 3
d`".k xksfoUn gs jke ukjk;.k] Jhirs oklqnos kftrs JhfuÌsA
vP;qrkuUr gs ekÌokÌks{kt] }kjdkuk;d nzkiS nhj{kdAA 4
jk{kl{kksfHkr% lhr;k 'kksfHkrks] n.Mdkj.;Hkwi.q ;rkdkj.k%A
y{e.ksukfUorks okujS% lsforks] xLR;lEiwftrks jk?ko% ikrqeke~AA 5
Ìsudq kfj"Vdkfu"Vd`n}sf"kgk] dsf'kgk dalân}af'kdkoknd%A
iwrukdksid% lwjtk[ksyuks] ckyxksikyd% ikrq eka loZnkAA 6
fo|qn|q ksroRizLQqj}klla] izko`MEHkksnoRizkYs ylf}xzge~A
oU;;k eky;k 'kksfHkrksj%LFkya] yksfgrk³~f?kz};a okfjtk{ka HktsAA 7
dqfŒprS% dqUrySHkzktZ ekukuua] jRuekSfya ylRdq.Mya x.M;ks%A
gkjds;jw da d³~d.kizkTs Toya] fd³~fd.kheŒtqya ';keya raHktsAA 8
 f'kojkek"VdLrks=e~ 88
vP;qrL;k"Vda ;% iBsfn"Vna] izes r% izR;ga iw#"k% lLi`ge~A
o`Ùkr% lqUnja dr`fZ oÜoEHkj] LrL; o';ks gfjtkZ;rs lRoje~AA 9
AAf'koukekyY;"VdAA
gs pUnzpMw enukard 'kwyik.ks] LFkk.kksfa xfj'k fxfjts'k egs'k 'kEHkksA
Hkwr's k HkhfrHk; lwnu ekeukFka lalkjnq%[k xgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
gs ikoZrh ân;oYyHk pUnzHkkSys Hkwrkf/ki izeFkukFk fxfj'ktkiA
gs okenso Hko#nz fiukdik.ks lalkj nq%[kxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
gs uhyd.Bo`"kHk/ot iapoD= yksd's k'ks"koy; izes FkSd'kOoZA
gs /kwtVZ s i'kqirs fxfjtkirs eke~ lalkj nq%[k xgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
gs fo'oukFk f'ko'kadjnsonso xaxk/kj izeFkuk;d uafnds'kA
ok.ks'ojka/kdfjiks gjyksdukFk lalkjxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
okjk.klh iqjirs ef.kdf.kZd's k ohjs'kn{k e[ked foHkksx.ks'kA
loZK loZ ân;Sd fuoklukFk lalkj nq%[kxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
gs eUegs'oj d`ike; gs n;kyks gs O;kseds'k f'kfrd.B x.kkf/kukFkA
HkLekaxjkx u`diky dykieky lalkj nq%[kxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
dSyk'k'kSy fofuokl o`"kk disgs e`R;a×q t; f=u;u f=txfUuoklA
ukjk;.k fiz; enke 'kfDrukFk lalkj nq%[kxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
fo'os'k fo'oHkoukf'kr fo'o:i fo'okRed f=HkqouSd xq.kkfHkos'kA
gs fo'ocU/kq d:.kke; nhucU/kks lalkj nq%[kxgukTtxnh'k j{kAA
AA Jh f'kojkek"VdLrks=e~AA
f'kogjs f'kojke l[ks izHkks f=fo/krkifuokj.k gs foHkksA
vt tusÜoj ;kno ikfg eka f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
deyykspu jke n;kfu/ks gj xqjks xtj{kd xksirsA
f'koruks Hko 'kadj ikfg eka f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
l`tu j´tu ea³x~ y efUnja Hktfr rs iq:"k% ijea ine~A
Hkofr rL; lq[ka ijen~Hkqra f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
t; ;qf/kf"Vj cYyHk Hkwirs t; t;kftZr iq.; i;ksfu/ksA
t; d`ike; d`".k ueks·Lrq rs f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
Hko foekspu ek/ko ekirs lqd foekulgal f'kokjrsA
tud tkjr jk?ko j{k eka f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
vofue.Myea³x~ y ekirs tyn lqUnj jke jekirsA
fuxedhfrZx.q kk.kZo xksirs f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
 89
ifrrikou ukee;h yrk ro ;'kks foeya ifjxh;rsA
rnfi ek/ko eka fdeqi{s kls f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
vejrkij nso jekirs fot;rLro uke /kuksiekA
ef;dFka d#.kk.kZo tk;rs f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
guqer% fiz; pkidj izHkks lqjlfjn~/k`r'ks[kj gs xqjksA
ee foHkks fdeq foLej.ka d`ra f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
vgjgtZuj×tulqUnja iBfr ;% f'kojke d`rLa roe~A
fo'kfr jkejekpj.kkEcqts f'ko gjs fot;a dq# es oje~AA
izkr#RFkk; ;ks HkDR;k iBsnds kxzekul%A fot;ks tk;rs rL; fo".kqekjk/;ekIuq;kr~AA
fcYok"Vde~%& f=nya f=xq.kkdkja f=us=a p f=/kk;qre~A f=tUeikilagkjesdfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
f='kk[kSfcZYoi=SÜp vfPNnz%S dkSeySLrFkkA f'koiwtka dfj";kfe ,dfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
v[k.MfcYoi=s.k iwftra ufUnds'oje~A 'kq/;rs loZikisH; ,dfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
'kkfyxzkef'kykesdka foizk.kka tkrq viZ;rs A~ lkse;KegknkuesdfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
nfUrdksfVlgókf.k v'oes/k'krkfu pA dksfVdU;kegknkuesdfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
y{E;kÜp Lru mRiUUak egknso lnkfiz;e~A fcYoo`{ka iz;PNkfe ,dfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
n'kZua fcYoo`{kL; Li'kZua ikiuk'kue~A v?kksjikilagkjesdfcYoa f'kokiZ.ke~AA
foYok"Vdfena iq.;a ;% iBsfPNolfUu/kkSA loZikifofueZä q % f'koyksdeokIuq;krAA
f'koekul iwtk%& jRuS%dfYirekluafgetyS%LukuapfnO;kEcjaA ukukjRufoHkwf"kraex` enkeksnkafdrapUnue~AA
tkrhpEidfcYoi=jfpra iq"ia p /kwia rFkkA nhia nso n;kfu/ks i'kqirs âRdfYira x`árke~ AA
lkSo.ksZ uojRu[k.Mjfprs ik=s ?k`ra ik;laA Hk{;a i×pfo/ka i;ksnf/k;qra jEHkkQya ikude~AA
'kkdkuke;qra tya #fpdja diwjZ [k.MksTToyaA rkEcwya eulk e;k fojfpra HkDR;k izHkks Lohdq#AA
N=a pkej;ks;xZq a O;tuda pkn'kZda fueZyAa oh.kkHksfje`n³~x dkgydyk xhra p u`R;a rFkkAA
lk"Vk³~xa iz.kfr% LrqfrcZgfq o/k ásrRleLraa e;kA ladYisu lefiZra ro foHkks iwtka x`gk.k izHkksAA
vkRek Roa fxfjtk efr% lgpjk% izk.kk% 'kjhja x`gAa iwtk rs fo"k;ksiHkksxjpuk funzk lekf/kfLFkfr%A
laŒpkj% in;ks% iznf{k.kfof/k% LRkks=kkf.k lokZ fxjksA ;|RdeZ djksfe rÙknf[kya 'kEHkks rokjk/kue~AA
djpj.kd`ra okdk;ta deZta okA Jo.ku;uta ok ekula okijk/ke~A
fofgrefofgra ok loZers R{keLoA t; t; d#.kkC/ks Jhegknso 'kEHkksAA
i×pk{kjea=%& ukxsUnzgkjk; f=ykspuk; HkLek³~xjkxk; egs'ojk;A
fuR;k; 'kqðk; fnxEcjk; rLeS udkjk; ue% f'kok;A
eUnkfduhlfyypUnupfpZrk;uUnh'oj izeFkukFk egs'ojk;A
eUnkjiq"icgqi"q ilqifw trk; rLeSedkjk;ue%f'kok;AA
f'kok; xkSjhoUnukCto`Unlw;kZ; n{kk/ojuk'kdk;A
 f'ko Lrqfr 90
Jh uhyd.Bk; o`"k/otk; rLeS f'kdkjk; ue% f'kok;AA
ofl"BdqEHkksnH~ koxkSrek;Z equhUnznos kfpZr 'ks[kjk;A
pUnzkdZo'S okujykspuk; rLeSodkjk; ue% f'kok;AA
;{k Lo:ik; tVk/kjk; fiukdgLrk; lukruk;A
fnO;k; nsok; fnxEcjk; rLeS ;dkjk; ue% f'kok;AA
iapk{kjfena iq.;a p%iBsfPNolfUu/kkSA f'koyksd eokIuksfr f'kosu lg eksnrsAA
f'ko Lrqfr%& uekfe'keh'kku fuokZ.k :ia foHkqa O;kida czãosnLo:iaA
futa fuxq.Z ka fufoZdYia fujhga fpnkdk'kekdk'kokla HktsgAa A
fujkdkjeksda kjewya rqjh;a fxjkKkuxksrhreh'ka fxjh'kaA
djkya egkdky dkya d`ikya xq.kkxkj lalkj ikja urks·gaAA
rq"kkjkfnzlda k'kxkSjxa EHkhja euksHkwr dksfVizHkkJh'kjhjaA
LQqjUekSfy dYyksfyuhpk#xaxk yln~HkkyHkkysUnq d.BsHkqtxa kAA
pyRdq.Mya Hkwlz uq =s a fo'kkya izlékuua uhyd.Ba n;kyaAa
e`xk/kh'kpekZEcja eq.Mekya fiz;a 'kadja loZukFka HktkfeAA
izp.Ma izd"` Va izxYHkaijs'ka v[k.Mavta HkkuqdksfVizdk'ke~A
=;%'kwy fuewyZ ue~ 'kwyikf.k Hktsga Hkokuhifra HkkoxE;e~AA
dykrhr dY;k.k dYikardkjh lnklfPpnkuUnnkrk iqjkjhA
fpnkuUnlanksg eksgkigkjh izlhn izlhn izHkks eUeFkkjhA
u ;konqekukFk iknkjfona Hktarhg yksds ijs ok ujk.kkaA
u rkor~l[q ka 'kkfUrlUriuk'ka izlhn izHkks loZHkwrkf/koklaAA
utkukfe ;ksxta ia uSo iwtka urks·ga lnkloZnk'kEHkq rqH;e~A
tjktUenq%[kkS?k rkrI;ekue~ izHkksikfg vkiéekeh'k'kEHkksA
AA osnlkjf'koLo%AA
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tVktwVe/;s LQqjåk³~xokfj egknsoesda Lejkfe Lejkfje~AA
egs'ka lqj's ka lqjkjkfrZuk'ka foHkqfa oÜoukFka foHkwR;³~xHkw"ke~A
fo:ik{kfeU}dZofg~uf=us=a lnkuUnehMs izHkqa i×poD=e~AA
fxfj'ka x.ks'ka xys uhyo.kZa xosUnzkf/k:<a x.kkrhr:ie~A
HkoaHkkLojaHkLeuk Hkwf"krk³~xa Hkokuhdy=a Hkts i×poD=e~AA
f'kokdkUr 'kEHkks 'k'kkadk/kZekSys egs'kku'kwfyu~ tVktwV/kkfjuA
Roesdks tx};kidksfoÜo:i izlhn izlhnizHkks iw.kZ:iA
ijkRekuesda tx}htek>a fujhga fujkdkjeksda kjos|e~A
 91
;rkstk;rs ikY;rs ;sufo'oa reh'ka Hkts yh;rs ;= foÜoe~AA
uHkwfeuZpkiks uofõuZ ok;qupZ kdk'kekLrs urUnzk ufuUnzkA
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vta 'kkÜora dkj.ka dkj.kkuka f'koa dsoya Hkklda Hkkldkuke~A
rqjh;a re%ikjek|Urghua izi|s ija ikoua }Srghue~A
ueLrs ueLrs foHkks foÜoewrZs ueLrs ueLrs fpnkuUnewrAZs
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izHkks 'kwyik.ksfoHkks foÜoukFk egknso'kEHkks egs'kf=us=A
f'kokdkUr 'kkUrLejkjs iqjkjs RonU;ksojs.;ks uekU;ksux.;%AA
'kEHkks egs'k d#.kke; 'kwyik.ks xkSjhirs i'kqirs i'kqik'kukf'kuAA
dk'khirs d#.k;k txnsdnsd LRoa gafl ikfl fon/kkfl egsÜojks·flAA
Rorks txn~Hkofr nso Hko Lejkjs Ro¸;so fr"Bfr txUe`M foÜoukFkAA
Ro¸;so xPNfr y;a txnsrnh'k fy³~xkReda gj pjkpjfoÜo:fiu~AA
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MeM~MeM~MeM~MeféuknoM~MeoZ;Aa pdkj p.Mrk.Moa ruksrq u% f'ko% f'koe~AA
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/kxðxðxTToyYyykV iê ikodsA fo'kksj pUnz 'ks[kjs jfr% izfr{k.ka ee~AA
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 nsoh iq"ik×tyh 92
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 93
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 vUuiw.kkZLrks=e 94
n`';kn`';foHkwfrokgudjh czãk.MHkk.MksnjhA yhykukVdlw=usnudjh foKkunhik³~djhAA
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¬ liRU;k nqxgZz k% ikik] nq"VlRok|qinzok%A rekyi=ekyksD;] lnk lkSE;k HkoUrq rsAA
vk;qjkjksX;eS'o;Z]a ;'kLrstksTToykefr%A czãiq= HkoLrstfLrydsu d`rus rs AA
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 95
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gfj czãk ls Hkh vfr vf/kd tks iwftr gq,] lnk losZ nsok fuf’k fnu ftUgsa lsou djsAa A
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tkos ;gh lkFk lnk rqEgkjsA xkSfoUn nkeksnj ek/kosfrAA gs d`".k gs ;kno gs l[ksfrAA
ukjh /kjk/kke lqi=q I;kjsA dy= ln~okU/ko fe= lkjsAA
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 uf̀lga &iwtk 96
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rksbZ lqfejksa rgka tkxA rksbZ lqfejksa j.ko.k] rksbZ lqfejksa foankz o.k] rksbZ lqfejksa dksV dksBkj] rksbZ
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pdzFkk fiysA Jf"V fd ekbZ dgkS ujflag dkSu ekbZ u oki ukfp] pdz Q~fVax dk Nktk rgkWa pfy
x;ks ujflag jktk] okts usoj os.k dk oktk] os.k xfM tqt yrk vk;k ujflag jktk izFke
f=dks.kfd iwtk] rqjs ujflag ohj vkSj ufga nwtk] 'kfDr pdz ujflag dkSa fnus otz [kEHk QksfMd
izºykn fNusA gj gj ujflag otz dkSa okans nso NksfM nkukSa lknss gj gj ujflag iwoZ fn'kkrs oSfn
cqykmW] nf{k.k tksfxf.k] lT;k ukmW] nf{k.k tksxf.k gadkjkSa okj izFke xkSjk oS|k pkj gfjr jDr
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 97
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rq"Vkr~] Rorks u`.kka fdeq liRu t;kfnjk'kh%AA 8&17&10
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lgls vkstls cyk; dkUrk; dkek; ueLrs mHk;= Hkw;krAA 5&18&18JheökxorlsAA bfrAA