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Documentation For Elecs 2
Documentation For Elecs 2
Naga City
Submitted by:
Geno Dela Torre
BSCOE-4
Mark Allen Alden
BSEE-3
Presented to:
Engr. Edgardo N. Martinez, Jr.
Instructor
March 22,2019
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................1
Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 2
Design..............................................................................................................................................3
Discussion....................................................................................................................................4
Active Filter.............................................................................................................................4
Comparator.............................................................................................................................. 4
Tests conducted........................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References....................................................................................................................................... 6
APPENDIX..................................................................................................................................... 7
Schematic Circuits.......................................................................................................................7
Project Layout..............................................................................................................................7
Bill of Materials...........................................................................................................................7
Datasheets....................................................................................................................................7
1
Introduction
Filters are circuits that are capable of passing signals with certain selected frequencies
while rejecting signals with other frequencies. Active filters require power since operational
amplifiers are involved to provide gain but do not require inductors since they can be large and
lossy, especially for low frequency applications. These filters can be applied in instrumentation
The proponents of this project were given the task to develop a Simple Active filters
The main objective of this design is as follows, to develop a Simple Spectrum Analyzer
that can light up three LEDs separately when provided by three different frequency ranges.
ranges that can be accepted by the circuit and students will also learn different uses of active
The project is limited only to designing and making a Simple Active filter that can power-
up/light-up three separate LEDs with complex frequency ranges. Ranging from 500Hz, 1kHz,
and 5kHz.
2
Design
Discussion
FILTER LED
COMPARATOR
5Hz FILTER
BUFFER COMPARATOR LED
1Khz
5Khz
FILTER
COMPARATOR
LED
Buffer
A voltage buffer amplifier is used to transfer a voltage from a first circuit, having a high
output impedance level, to a second circuit with a low input impedance level.
3
Active Band-pass Filter
An active filter is a type of analog electronic filter that uses active components such as
an amplifier. Amplifiers included in a filter design can be used to improve the performance and
predictability of a filter, while avoiding the need for inductors (which are typically expensive
Comparator
A voltage comparator is an electronic circuit that compares two input voltages and lets
you know which of the two is greater. It's easy to create a voltage comparator from an op amp,
because the polarity of the op-amp's output circuit depends on the polarity of the difference
4
Calculations
fm 500Hz
A m 1
C 220nF
Q 10
Q
R2 28.937k
fm C
R2
R1 14.469k
2 A m
A m R1
R3 72.707
2
2 Q A m
fm 1kHz
A m 1
C 100nF
Q 10
Q
R2 31.831k
fm C
R2
R1 15.915k
2 A m
A m R1
R3 79.977
2
2 Q A m
4
fm 5kHz
A m 1
C 68nF
Q 10
Q
R2 9.362k
fm C
R2
R1 4.681k
2 A m
A m R1
R3 23.523
2
2 Q Am
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) – is a thin plate that holds the electronic components.
Light Emitting Diode (LED) – is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when current
4
Tests conducted
4
Figure 1.4 Bode plot of 500Hz filter
4
Figure 1.7 Bode plot of three frequency response
4
Conclusion
After extensive research and several tests and experiments the proponents are able to
produce an actual Active filter that can power-up/light-up three separate LEDs with varying
frequency ranges. Ranging from 500Hz, 1kHz, and 5kHz, using 15V power supply for each.
5
References
Boylestad, & Nashelsky. (2010). Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory.
6
APPENDIX
Schematic Circuits
Project Layout
Bill of Materials
¼ Watt Resistors 17 1 17
Total 562.00
7
Datasheets
7
7
University of Nueva Caceres
College of Engineering and Architecture
GRADING SHEET
TITLE : Active Filter for 5kHz, 10kHz and 20kHz
SUBJECT: ELECTRONICS 2
I. Documentation (10%)
a. Introduction
b. Design Discussion
c. Test Results
d. Schematics
e. Conclusion
f. Bill of Materials 10%
g. Code
h. PCB Foil Pattern
i. Video
j. Copy of Documentation(CD)
a. Reliability/Accuracy 20%
c. Packaging 10%
TOTA
L 100%
Instructor
Title :
SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT
Section: Active filter
Schematic circuit for the active filter ranging 500Hz,1kHz and
Description:
5kHz
ALDEN,MARK ALLEN
Designed by:
DELA TORRE,GENO R.