Sound Commitments Avant-garde Muse and the Sites Edited by Robert Adlington XFORD2 “Demolish Serious Culture!” Henry Flynt and Workers World Party Benjamin Piekut ‘sin Cla! ner cunt ct! ba a nto Town ‘allen Wes Bd etn New Yok (ce gre 21) side the hall ‘esa concen sony the We Geman overinetwh ‘ih, and others The perlormesncude Stchswzen mel. pl. ‘it Dav Tudor, and pcos ax Nevhavs "On the sdewa n ary Bp heats Ben Vater Ay.O, an Fao Sao, Pat lrpresao George Maclnax and the olin and Simmaker Tony (Conca. (Ami Bara cbered fom aco the ect) Tey bo Sine eating “Pa Rai Las of st an “Fight the Rid Mars ‘Stab are and, srordngo Di ele made gute asacke by chang ‘Desh vo all st musa ess" The oup' tall aces he ompore at aacey forthe Wen German bres and ated th bie -repened decree about thc lownesr of pbnn mand the at Intent af mon Borpeap muse are an ota event pat of ie tapd i spprection ‘On Sepember 8, the group aged nother demoasuaton ous Judson Hal on West 3 sree a Vater sae te poet nd tet Mare Scheer later known x Aba Seer The ocson teas a perfomance of stechause's Onl wd tester pct SSreced by Alm Kapow: which feared toch avaN andes las lunioates os Alen Gisberg Chala Moorman, Dc igigre 21 Asin As Clipe denen Tow Hal ini ein hen et say sea So ee sec re a ae ioe de ea ee eee eee een Eee ce ade meena hee Sood ein ga meer ere ee a ere eee See a a are Seay a ner oan coe ee Fae a eee rarat he teen hee rete te le es Esmee cee ame te eas Sey wah e et re ee eae oS ce ee en ee soci eS oor emcee wor a aueclseseacr ns se Macona's dei the ote invence who ple hi ote et {hd set ofthe lena as of Pons" ANbough he enjoyed {endship win Macunay sd Ns wings appeared tne Pes {nd pot Tons pubiaon is asscatlon wi usu one ‘conveniene and nce: desperately eckng orm ar sens ‘ym took any publeston opporanies he ens fd Nonetele. ‘Stockhausen bioprper Michel Kur abate he rae poe te Maciomsslone and maker nomenon ol Fy Thea hts ‘Mie Oren at aonahHiggine a rame ese poten wi the oundstes of oni Rory. argulng especively. that Fat and pllcal progam was'a major acor boii the Fluxes ogee, that reece jor ft wh the move "ety demonsraton were about more than mee sus Besameng member othe ttopenn and Bro- Ameren avant sie, ndanp etal account of i work tha canna wien the spe {nau beyond the expertpetal an word moc incorpe inthis nape Rope o correct some ofthese misndesonings nd oineuc ino an acount of it's developing atta ord ‘hava gadeasetofeerences that ey make timtoconseratons sou Amencan experiential ab performance tn te 1960 Th {equa tip utc of the somehat prochaine of expe ‘entiem itor of he Lok the Gv igs movement aed popular must ayes Drawtng on new iterews with wll once prclr on hs express in the sectarian Lat be tween 1962 and 1967 By 1964 Fyne was a commited mere ofthe Mast Lennia Worker Weld Fay (WW). and dst rganition mara major forcleadng hath cupicted poten onedaed thet demonsotion ya's engagement wih cenainendenctn ‘Sel ands imoivementin Worcs Wort wee nterelated moment Inamore general movement sma rom European and Euro-amenicas, ‘igh clr, culm to sabundanaent ofthe dvtown sant {dein avr aa oos mused popula. The year 1964 war ey {Bs wanton, and theallowing acount reas the an SodkhseD lemonstainsarasgninn mometin Fyn sdevlopngieresn Joining Altay Amen popu muse nah Marvels, ‘move that evenly led oh 1964 pola rock recordings. Fy ‘rodued there recording odemontne how commit cla ley ought to sound and lg not regard them as"avan pte Perse onethsesitheortcl tenmen ot Anan Areva vertclat ‘mosc reveal a contuing terest Sich avantgarde pedlecons formal innovation. newnes, engagement whew onc tehnologes tonic complei. Connecting hse quale othe ie iberaon movement and the wider ght spans imperil Fat soup to ferme these ances ofthe avantgarde wii tbe canes ro ‘Sey and cleave suppor sl-ceterminationNo More Art!” ‘Bown in 1940 to mide as perens in Greensboro, Non Crain, ‘pnt majored materi = Harari the ae 1950 He mas abo hosp tened olin and emp whose cove end abd ‘sate fony Coad (aera wel-Eeown vis and maker Suotuced fi cote net masie and Hea of the Europea sod ‘eres avant pete, pau hae of Calon compose ‘Monte Young whe moved o Rew Yor a ate 1960. ter iia fg tom the trey nthe peng 1960, Ft devote se. pate pilovopha and moseal pursuits equeny ving New ‘ont ual be ested tere permanenl In 196. n Feboary 1961, ‘Young had inoue Fy fo the New York avantare t is wel Iinowe coe es ln Yoo Ons lf. Youngs word pees of 1960 opted Pato theore ap aestete practic that cul! de {erate Ie conventions and odnnmens orang high care: ‘moving beyond aw ean thea, an Pyat was age 1 ‘Habe to the pele. A important sep in 2 vegard wa hs “Govy Concept Ane (1961), n whch be woe Concept an st talow eof whic the mat reoncepts a the material fo Earle) muse sound since concep are doy bound uP iSnguege concept at ea Kind of af which the mater san ‘see Coney Ar held he pos fo Fy of being an en evr unprecfened eck tha could wlumatly supersede “ae Tele. Always reacive thinker, Bs ese projects a his tne Umer pee responses wo the conceal Jon Cage ad Young: 3 ele put lc thought] as expaning 0 them what el om Protcsed goals mean That wat my pps" Tat is woos and Hess were met wh ndilerence and (ot mesa ed Fyn 10 ‘Rope that eer experience were atl commited di ‘orving mew ashes pace for which hee wos no mo iso ‘Teonaéenc in the avant-garde Deca more exaggerated i 1762 Ind 190, when he developed an ext ania poston, sounded ‘othin concep Aranding new theory ofaeshetcexpenence tate Ft ealed“agiine cure” then “Vermusement before Analy Sentiogo te term Bren" The new theory csmsed ston eed cites of sus calue(ompetion, uintng tester onthe {pound that they ext ly becuse of socal expecatons nd rete one rend desees spe invar-lveed ose expen “denen aly eset ised by snsoaiviual and prance © bee Benue doe nt ryan someone e's production. Fe lace wae Uy ant theory was a ulowophica anpuet {atttases sate then ned ire ablethan meio cesta ference tomy iate{was seus enough abou his to Dave {Ebeoyed my ent artwork 1962 and herener i ot pote in en 19, Py eat demenseon at the Museu ‘St Mode an. tne Mctropolun Miseum of Ar. and Pikarmoale Hal Lncln Cenc and delivered leurs on the sujet nthe ‘ng and srmer, Photographs kena the me reveal vay of ‘Madtne atop dognae“Dezaih Selous Culture” “Desoy Ar” ‘Mo Mote Ant “Demolish Concent Hale 884 “Demet Uncoln ‘Young wh isd been an scomplshed jaz saxophonis Inthe 19505 wa alsa nausea in ys growing love ol je. A8 Fy Ine eae “Young eisode at jens panst-cmmpose a le {elt but lt yrovided me with» peranent opration = Boh ‘Sed be eco of Job Coase Bt olde Young Fyn ‘ought tigi of mete Coleman fost of Flys aus Detneen pet and 1963 i ac war tempt otal Calera’ se 9 pn, vin and ater instrument), Fyt Wasa lteresed net {Sverocuar muses and bearing county es forthe rt tie had ‘huge impact“ heard that nd't comply trned meal he way ‘sound, Tony Pom that moment on-ve een a cnscous ‘Young recoded # src of improvised duets in January 1940 (ye ‘nik song Due abd soptone: Young om pan) it deed ‘im to der is usual swinging tne subsion to ater dope ubvige churacersic of eaty ook wcll players ke Lite ‘Ricard ris aie sh rom Youngs pediecion oj © -lynesineret inter noe commer eles a ransonin macs ‘ocbulry tat elf symbolized emerging ca ad clr fe ‘hee beeen the wo Young war not popu nd war ot rpm {veworiars entero tke thir ait the cbr Ina eben, ‘oung sated Te reson acontnue oy work nares progres Into more seus compostoe Such a Sarees woul ave been Sotto Fy who ws akeady beng oVew bah jeu ‘emaciar massa being far more “saus tha "seus Compo on Te Weal gulf beeen Young aod Fy wool never Sore, and with tbe exept of ane encounter in 1969 a 1970. he 1Seieemon wouldbe the nal ime heyplaedtoger yt wenton todevelopsporsnal syle onthe ii sod guar combing Youngs Pes pot harmony and sate epeion Cleans ee paying ab (Be'tde snd tks of US. yerocoar mise wadlGent™ Fy fot ‘ecoded example of thie sory se, “Aco Hy Je {ibe tesorer tet noe explora Youngnfisneed ep ‘ine nthe ly sung that woah pas a inet” ncn ts atucon jo anes oar ‘nd bs fvoement downtown experimental was Bi rowing ‘ramen other The pst al anu arson Mac Lowcy 1962, and son yt began reclng and eating thelr news fps, Worion Wel" A secretive sng Werarcl organ, the {rt sp tom the Trost Saas Wesker Part (SW™P) sme ‘en aber the Soviet invasion of Hungary in 1986—WWP supported {Evlivason whl be Swe vewed the iden as a0 ursueesul ‘roe ebelion apn Staii cont Tbe WWPS irs ora ‘leon and ieadeahp ye cule be eee Sitter es Tnenclase cena tein an pry memes were expected 10 ‘Racite commie’ declan ithot Soeusn The party voted {Thon owes cial dcoune an theory Having ognized oe of he (iin demons apna the Vitam War, WW? asplayed he End of commitment to an-enperlism aed Thi Wold Mardi thar suai asocaed with he sacond al of he 19608" Workers Word sould not homer, be conadered 2 puto the ew tet ‘movement Though i was constuted only few yeas bere the ‘om Boron Stsemeat (1962) abd the founding of Students fr 8 Derecote Soy WW wet much nce dogratietian he stant unar protester Pree Speech advocates, apd ion il Bhs cvs nse New Le. The pry leadership. pata founders ‘Shin Macy and Vincent Copeland eng tom the nual inbor ‘Racin Bulli New York, even hoops ts membership was nolonget ‘den tom the er oe working as the pags Workers Wer it ed anes abou ankles sarge ina, Soutens Ai South Auer, Ca, and the artbern He ao would have leaeed outa prtelor Maret frerpetton ofthe ci is srgae, In 1926, over the prota ‘lone Contmunst any USA (CPUSA), the Mosowbased Com {ner co Keown abe Tir Imeratina) olay recognized the “ck bee counes isthe Ameian South 3s an oppressed maton, {nd thos ost the cl ge movement ae one of sation Ibe io.” Though the commu ade wre the naion-wits ‘ton these ia 19S, ke rmained 2 cuca pine Tor Back ‘aan uuidetbe CPUSA the 1s whe rece new supp theo freon Mao Toe-ung was aloof cal por ‘Gnc tue mjosy-nitemembertipof Workers Wore Who fe ‘he atl ler arg nts of Impeach ght apa ‘Sas European colonial expansion. Aza 1965 Wore Word ‘tulne devine ln Sena, Brome, aa Vesame The Bey Is the some vw ced oarppor he ght lhe Blak naan to choo wher frm oration othe United Sates wl best vance hcg lor tberaton rm oppression: hat he ph fate, spurte eer, any ther pial pth etoe the ‘login ‘lad Pome emerge in he sure of 1964, scan pours Ike Workers Word Seattemy mppored tam lack rae: Ingen Wop mnths WPhadbeen comeredto the avo) rte tans peat 19th Moe. No ‘ee ttt Sins ted st Siecle a ast se SSTONTSLG Wis wie ers noe jay es Tine eaten eccopcd pe oon tle tos Tas el cay Sm eh Si ben cmt ne mite ea ee sig! ate’ tape acme dances yay apa sc leader wre f 198 our endency tht has tke the sive {Soa evohitenary gupta And wea the Sm tendency tehave ane The Negro mvenent athe South 05 prey the tro wich wl ig hele powser bra the Aces weekng ss In the srng of 196) few month ater the plain of Wi. ames acoblogrptn Nese ah Can (wh it iy read) ym sted he parent In Grenibor, snd ebeowed 9 ight Semonstaton He sen + ltr abow the expen f Woke ‘Wea leer they sabsequeiy pe 93 an cle Witnsing thsevent profoundly alee hi he wrote" was one a he reat pete of my e= The youre coespondct hal wed some Prowenen ther opiion of wiamssadvocrey of e-em he epoced tha bey lt seem we thik twa exer BUA fae yout sad cagly-— Not ye, aay. ‘wat hie commiumen to Worker Word that brought Fiynt 12 ‘Ney Yt permanently i May 1963, when he begs tating pin Sega Stic demons marches and meeting tip fo Wasingon: Dc forte March on Washingt Rog 563. The left forthe Ape 1964 Staaten demonsetion event {hac had oss he lnguae a cons a oinoton Mace ‘sm. (Stockhausen pauonage comes manly fom the goverment fvmed Cologne Rada be we uke a cout sk Stoke's ‘se af ones decoration rte West Geman ose Whe ‘ns theirs earned by the terms of as stupa ‘ikea more pt abo he oda of Sieur ms ‘ewe domination. The ale eis by relent etre ta ‘Stockhausen had pve t Harada 1958 lk tended by Bt ao ‘Conrad Athogh Fit waronybepiahiogtabeinteted joa the time ofthe lecture, by 1968 Ha, repeal, become erage Dy what be remembered as the composers patoniing remarks on Ju"Siausen contemptuous aed rasan -ba hie. tea and few gle chords and in elect sad i was ‘hege ia Ryn yee Stcasen id nt eve onde 2‘emus o atest mas o any signin, Through secures tnd {he furan argued, Soca arcu Won of ett onl ince own aloe wth hat oe van de Buropean composer, The muse ofthe es of he wold despot ‘fen euro in th wordeo Rae conbutar Wolter Von vin, "an be summed up by dag a quesioosmark afer "mune" y ening tenon othe gps and ences in Soka’ ‘moe! darn pat as atempng fo ener sate mea {odo ino the dzcusion and hus place Stockhausen ond bis “leagues ite cote fob ery ocular. ‘Ths motvalon became more pronounced inthe extaoriary sepember 14 lest, “Pct Stackasen Concen—one of the how auascour dacument on pois ad he avant 0 came Gut ef the [9e0s Hee the empha s on pena, and spe lly the wy the ot ue ae sported Suopean cis 1 ba Spremcy by "developing te most ebrate body of Laws of Music ver knowns Comon Pate Harouy, 12-Tone. and al the es, motto mension Concenetqute” Fy pits talked lnc steer o at (te mos sbomunile resso") ss fone example of a power apart that eoduces te grounds ‘pon wth usta value ieee. Stcthaasen i Sige ut Py unger of ya's aque beer, lke his few "ach US. ‘Seine Leonard Beran and Benny Goodman,” the Geen co fe b's foutsnead far tose pte deine of wie Flusrat Ew dots sgromay, emanated Ins thereat ‘ign The Sr De ie and ewbere” In 1962 or 1969, Fynk mmght hove ached sh mose because made fave caine trgiay or becase i was petentios Now. however Ne viewed {he socal premio of hgh cures puny 2 ruil TO In ‘Buopean gs! domination “Ta Bt to sections ofthe document bundle coer Fyn’ cxperioesine svant pares herd eft wh is pasion ‘2Psct popular mune wid he obviously In mind. Ft teres “Thee af ther ite who ae resess with the do TRuton of ite nutouate European Are Maybe they bappen 1 ke Bo Diy ot the Every Bethe. At any ae they ate reset ti he Ait lined bythe ngeslst governments” Even {hse ilecuna he coc ae Belén bondage by he ah ‘tony mt supporting he supremacy of European a, “srouned ‘ythe satin colt senty of the socal-clmoing 00s" ints decons on how to break thee bends of snob cure Tnake des felerence fo his antrartcrrader of the previous Year Or wo! Se fst cultural task of rl elects epecally this, ody, Ie-ot to prodece ore AR here 0 much Ueatp® ia naming bi enemy along the imerecton ofa. ‘btn and at that wat common i hetero ofthe WWE, Be arti Pees lant moe ti cs Te aa tS tc an oye mane meee coum tans wheiieettrat er’ oes Riles Tir cy warns alee Rio Resadatte 2icuvtn cect Sista atheros ‘Soave fan canta os Saorietrereeaae ts oar Siete ey eee se nt es SoS as Seis Senne Pevond a teegatens Stet Mearns ipa sel el la cet SoSSyasea Smee tcc Seen Sasson Sette Smita ers sors Spo leita Sigs ssa ins Trig heres wera SOE Satin ess Sinters Cacecsevent tonearm Sore ceiy daiennaonneene Epcomntecemas create Soe Se ee SE gle tae sete Rigs, art Sieeinedlece ace irl Tabse em ecg a bs mani ea ge lee ph You ha ‘rd cige movement eas ‘Seamed yencltcon 9 ch many ese Gen ncepenence neha hi wa eae ie Inde nthe same nner ht WWP wa making ltl ons sn in a sn s.r od ane $Esomy whe Same Fy ws combing nigh ad Sonos frmeach of hese eats dou, an rc Conc rd there ds analyte igo the van gee los 3 oki wo be hed nthe Jas amin te 964 en ore woe esi thre ak vera ste agra sce eas ‘hit Toward thecal Bucetaom oecommunists Must Give Revolutionary ‘Leadership in Cultare” ‘yn spent the next ew yeast a8 pay worker—sending meetings {ud dceonstations and eesionally peaking for them novus © the rce apd colonial qucison. He to wrote foe Wares Wor am {het p 1966 and even edited the newspaper for 3 few wees In 168" a namero ares rte unde the pcan Heo ‘Swe al nt tee general cuegores reporng om il ahs de ‘orstions aed ees thoughowt te Ones State: rete - ‘unt ef declonsaon end aonsinsten ia Alten (naar the ‘Congo, outer Ales) and lnge badground pieces on imperial ‘Suresion in Laos eta, and indonesia in July 1966 e ne ‘Sed thucebinc cb ghtseaders (vane Donalson, Sm Haugh Tonrand Mae Mallory) onthe subj of ack Power and wbatimeant {other none fetes fo the ape reviewed a bene (Sncert forthe Stoden Nonvsent Coordinating Commie atthe ‘Sige ate, where Sokly Carmichael shred he ape mi goups Ted by Maria Brown Jaci Metens and Archie Shep. "he uae poston of Camicucls ph plies! awareness wih sore ofthe EXE Community isigane wars log imely. hd releshing (evelopment he wrotes' The review ses the BO me Museo hyo areas menoned in Wart Wel Fhe oppo at Worker Word gave tothe il ghis movement and vo ad ada nner hold be understcod inthe conte ‘tenn ste tren tan Ameen en Stags. The atnahipbenwen the to as lea ese ay the {Doberman ch eae were deel supioas hating ther cue roped and speeded bythe npetaives of white Mass, Halt ‘Ce for exarpequeined te clborston between the TOY Iss ad the cite movement When e wrote, “This ‘lance i ‘ean tbl the Mand poy, ma he Negro movement node to ‘eeue the Mart rs her om cis.” Willams ws so outp- em on thie stjec. ing wih is Taaly tm Cubs afer feng = trungeup Snapping charge in 1961 be eventually oversinyeé it Ilene by repented citing the Communist Pay of Cuba ors Ipc deen of ada herachy on nize most white Yale ho endeavored to eet Ain Amer teed Supe or {ler Hated to vind ihe movement by uneking 3 poston ‘Sgoe of his own mediate cede, the composer and ars ofthe hice vanegie, Ashe wrote in be Sepeber leat, “Whatever ‘rth development te non-European, non-white eopes choose fot Tre estore we wll pt to Break out ofthe sting bonage of tite pltowate European Art's dominaan” He was more pectic IS Toet vege Voce ietervion expatnng tat he hoe ack ee ‘musians and writes should beencoursged to go thelr own way. ‘le their white eounterpens “should devote thesis lly 13 the propegnon of Ao-Amein art forms ta wie tela ‘Srace™ TE was becoming apparent however. that a's enemy was no ‘only Etropesn ero tur bu ss te ctrl urocntom te Seen Wr clturl mater i ot an oy forthe pay, ‘dence the complete lack a coverage Wares Wore mie the ‘tcl organ of Soviet common in the U.S. Sv fe only ree ned on feito hero alka and he ocasonal pena {great Ras spiny ya ised that the eso of Woosse ‘Giese fk msc ha to be ought pt ate: ‘Yun found sy cig ete Woe Wal bad deel techni ith Need Irorrenedin hr ed Suter by hse people hey wer aoe [Suomen ten a ha jt apne ethene ent wr bce ‘unc errarTeste caret eon “ONE 1 ac, lowing the 1964 demonstrations the hea of Waker Wold ‘vse iy that he shoal introduce ne heey thro te flimsy medium oft. ls project ced poi darity. an The ‘waned oma a complex thecal utente woul fave odo {oa longer document, Tis cued i Fiat's poopie Gm ‘at Gi Recline Lene in Cane. Toe pubeaton es de Stoned by Macuaus aed mates snkiog impreon: te bold xt treatment sprawl aut verve wie eaimns a body copy, and he thle hing nas fated our mes and banded oa one int bik ab ‘Layo icogedoiumrte Macha rambo. es for at ‘duced hourng, twas published by World View, the nent ot ‘Workers Wo, wae iat had persuaded olen hi got he Proj: but terse, Workers Worl oleed no spp y's est developed statement on clare andpobic durin the 1960s, Commas Ba Ge Retina Leasey i Cte ns ‘rience of his wholesale exrngement om he Lf on the cla ‘ueston even whe is sugerion fr cura plc were seeped ‘ooumuni hear andthe Seat cl of eseney Explaining is ‘motvaton, the suthor writes, For dat. somewhere someting he bet ‘ei near fo the present pid as tobe defined Ep [rovider three conion tht most be met bya prpety eeluntry tre: isk must inctese he producto aba second st romote the equalty ofall workers apd reduce the statfcaton of hor by navonaty or ohereatepoes of fae earsounes and ‘hid it bing workers to gripe wih ea. and most “be doneheaps in caure* Fyne eniae tbes tre condions Tiron of curl paces the “spp srs” idl desig ‘ue tepther wih Gancng and poy) ln, these, wal as, The setan on mi byt the longest inthe pamphlet presents ‘ynt calor the ad atte popula mus. Although he ss files fom Jamal Aes, Bl Ina and Cubs, hi fee 08 ‘Nisan Amatican poplar mas whieh he ees nthe gage the times "eet epost” ym does ot concve of 8 5 @ uvow cago, however fori “inddes every auhene opt Tse athe woud tocy. except the European or Angio-Amecah. {ihc ply washed Up port for etwas tht sms ‘ul not be eect wats European Boargens tn a apart Seti singe sie ener rare me ‘Toray cr hrs Ner mac a lear” Bec te pit pment of ok ar war that it wer someting aque. humble lin pied, Pot wr modated to argue tht the musi of Badly ‘Gy Bo idly, ohn suderaie and de Tesmen ws ety ‘Soe hese ngs ad thar not ok” Cac o Fy seuent {on te meet aback poplar mus waste enol ass {or is many innovadons No only does the muse se “advanced {tsrumens ke the many typeof eco uta and elec, Barta engages mith such uting-eae elec eon eh tess erecta snd over bing and ele on aco tons or ‘Stiboton, For yo all of these tecnologia! Invests pos tlned“aathepo mate” te vagus of asia eto. ‘ts sdvocny for are egro mus” was asc nt only 00 siete sn tecnologia! pounds ba aso om is subvrson ofthe cn hicmrchy that Buropeas musie—bot ete and. poplar Sapprtd Beononc wesc had acre te paal workforce, Fyntcplaine ade whte labor arstoacy was ow stoned a he {opel re world proeniat”Tie ope loyer ofthe pear "seeks to congolgt it privges, and ues methods poner by thea tosuces of eet enainculog te use ofa to leet an ‘Souls the upper cay. Fr tis reason. European popula mic tow performed resconary rae in that ft was undesoad fo be phe ad pre shan ow, sac “set Negro msi” In ones ‘hnte te stainton of bor and rest the formation of bor ‘storey (hs atond condhon fora revolutionary ele), yet Emonded hata -olkmoae’ andi alle be replaced by “et Negiomosie’ Because they were understood by Fyao be pecs of Jepizaon and pric, these ak genes bea Js as ch {SSeence to the tytn of snob ete” as do fos ke oper, Western at use te egiimate Teste bourgeos modem att sd cer and hus ae egal reponse for he perstence of whe remy Fyn then tums his tention ode tera mamic of om ri cururl policy, “Now ee no nonsense above banging tS (muse-dancng tothe mace beeause they cael I." he write. "Ie almost ievperae pce sto rings Negro mus he Communists" The yrblen e main, tht Communi 8 ‘Sguiteant sympa for European cour osc. To sdces iu ‘epablesurton, Myo ollered seve soppesions- Canis ‘ould bein ening oR 9B snd sock Wa rato progrms hey ‘ould replace thelr Casal ecord colons hey shoud ony ay "arcee Mego msc at pars hich sel woul tae the orm of ances Only ther the Communists ave iegated “treet Hepo ‘ONC ito tei nes wl be te to ares tbe euent com ‘nn eh the mus deaden and manutd by the Boog Fr pariclse the Redisn of mast ofthe ong texts In these genes ‘would Rave tbe comesed “Somebody wil have fo encouate = {en cl to reetion nthe yes” “hat somebody” tte out, would He Fyn insell. By ate 196s he war not ony theoring aod wring aout he eltnsp teoncen Mand a iperion snd nck popula muse he Was $e beginning co put hi ea nto pratce Aler leaning the ri {eens of pla plying fom Lou Reed yet began veg exply Dltcal rock "roll ong, cabling together phtup abd he [Erurecions which conse of sclpor Wate De Maca an dams ‘AC My (ho wool ter apear on Seve Re’ dase Four ‘rsane album) on keyboard, an Jor best Pal Bes. at Dyed par and tngPhe band recoded about ton songs hee fEefont rng te Set bal of 1946, a calcio atta hat at oped would thow Werke World exacly how the movements ‘use shuld sound. For Fy the secs i renwenon ‘Gamcan oni neetal—thet ea neecual who rg ‘ate spoon in he scl rae. an es el ome ‘ier gu reoluonary ctnecovenest. tn hit 1980 exay “The ‘Meaning of My Avant-garde HUI and Bes Muse (eed In 2002, wees Ferme inmotion es ot natin compose nd cee Sei er ces hoe rp ne ‘Sere an auamnng pore hse Bo ie Tike douttal pep mane pete Ao means Noting tat these reperoites ae the foe athe unstated au ‘ennai Koen ne iis ‘US, poplr music. Hs avant panes to popes persed however abd Fyn ame to extend thee Waions, 3b manana Cavane od extended the language fez." cose the masa! langage lhe autchthonoo communes need toberecewed—to sot new techni nit repondo changing Soca ‘Ghutlons and wey asa need be reacted trovph an onocte ‘Sisbiny, a eanoblng tae in is owen mane Fyn “new teenigueincaded the opening up ofbler and courier extended ‘Medic imtovastion, tie elmination of chor proreions the ‘Cxpraon of entrenegasando and omsmientin sndthe comps, ‘ging eat characte of Aan Ameen sei ef mic ake he msi mor comple than “sous compostion he song ere tera rao fen: Pat was n0 Chuck ery. Neowin the combination of its potered puta se fod be Mares voicsng apyoath fo the bet eesed an usin ‘Sands pepe sore at home in sore of gaage pak oF trove ttn in sd lc ues The ine of Young an be (ced inthe extended state hamontes of many of the aes an Fim’ or mae up in arty wha they lke in pow. In “Uae Simone gs body talk pac ike Unle Sa do Nobody ak eee ke Une Sado Uncle Sam alk pece 2nd drop napa on you Naty ate Ati ike Unc Sam do Nobody hate Altea ike Une Sam 30 Nesendd Ato make uh ight oop. ‘Unde Sam soe is 3-Bomb in your ow ‘Unde Sum stress H-bomb in your tows ‘Mebane to goo oul never be found Set fire under Uncle Sam's eet Seth fe under Uncle Sam's eet ‘Burm baby bar il heel uh et. tn other song yt celts the sts in Wats asthe dat ‘ard arcing ofthe poor. and Tatas about the captre and ‘coking of European menary in ane war il ped byt Sera amen iy wh anes ‘He spngo 1968 nd contained elit relrences othe counter ‘hia and plc rvelane but ts ys were cbs much ‘oe erp ad othe pin. ay was mat entre ane i lng for R&B ad other Mack ep ses tobe uted In spending revlatooar messages othe ‘roe buna one had olered such a veloped justin Roland Shins (ater Mobamsned A Toure) wrote i October 1965 of ‘Rhythm blues a 8 Weapon but his lmpessontt celebration of ‘emu poclfore presented hing ete octal gor ‘dhlynsorulaion Akhoogh twas ommon frst scans ‘eae 196051 pay benef donate fc gs rants, ot ‘pesto forthe nue strana Wad oe atin the a ot {fe eary and mise 40s here ase more han “ypu ed chron" with the movement. Ami Baraka Oberved that och ‘es trom the fat bao the desde as "Keep on Pus” ad ‘Song ithe Stet” “povided core lepine scl feeling ‘hough maialy metaphor and allegorical for Back people" hs Ward condudes in is mapiterl std) of rice ctcousaes fe ‘soe poplar musi “r]ne cme that Rhythm and ves provided ‘ome sort of explcy running ommenar onthe Movement Wh the men and womer af soul emerging a poaBle parent ves less, wcucans and poser af the Mack srg Mave Gaiy (epended more on person ascron than had eigen (Ihe Sole nouble exception & Nine Simone, who wrote the seting ‘alsisit Golan” In 1963 Her refined share se howeve tro far ey trom the elec sound tha haw epvated yo) Idee tappess hat Fy satempedintegrtin of eaeal sages ‘ea he ates popular ses had no pecedent lsough Fiat snr, econnideres 9 el pat” of 96s back popula si Dor ‘oman abu ofthe Inurecons mates mas leased etl Joo and Hynes anise uakelyobave been cjoyedby mos Re 8 ‘odences the tie) wasn for lack af Uyieg “he sen Sem Fecordngs of his ducts wit Young o Alani in 1862 and pice thetasuectons mater wo Folkways and SP-Die in (966 In1967, Faull Worker Wore bad grown dated wh the anys unwavedng Suppor lr the Sot Union, ani rend Be Fav, leader ofthe tre group Black es, iflaneed im to {ueston the egaiaton's pd berry andtesiflng open debt 1s ngvings were enforced by aleture he heat Herder Marae {iver in 190 n wich the Pant hol pilonopherodeed an tnmanent que of ove pote. nthe end Fyn lng wanted to ber footsldet n such party, nd gradually sted rel rom ‘hero. Yetthe elo Workers Word ad deny been ipevta lutte development othisant-attiqueingenerl endothe atacon Slocasen in parca. Ra's involvement ant-impenalit {civsn encouraged him amy fom the abstcton ofthe downto ‘vant ged efor ol versclar spe: he thought of his 196 ck ‘eeordng as an eaey ew poe None. the Isurectans "tera sows the conning noece of Young’ ped-pit hm. fy aod Cokman'sadventutous aproad o improv. an Ube Inuences wold reatn active in Fy mas lr yeast come T1960 yt wee “he utopia ta human reasons which ny esp sdreweds unstable eerste ure. Actes Fe worth, tbe, whos cotbuaon ito Seep te dre ove: To ‘anate te cat me of non pveged utoctonous comm ‘ya wayofemnbing the conamty isc Ryn savane ast‘consisted of embracing th ound lnguage of hs home community ‘har sot apse ofthe rural Souty-and then ecendiag hough {echneogal innovation and compostins invention, TS» ater ‘Geren ew of he ais arp tan ule dot tend 0 thine capo Socusensinked teens foc ‘iy yt locked wack perarmes such 5 o Dey, Jae Wan, {nd Mampi lm fr nspraton, modeling hs own exiensons of US. ‘enaclr musi on tee eras woo surly pasted hele {auton wih ne sounds new enol nde nds sy {is epa Fpm war more oie i tees of ie Blade Ans Moveron thane nsw hae oe white experience For ‘hapl arla’s important say “The Changing Se RB and New ‘Sick usc atemponteocha 4 musbe Alen Aes sence as ICapeaedin both im bbs and avant garde. The pa wat ‘otludoate the ol ts eee payedin te Black Heaton Sue, {hal deeb to connect ns svat de form nts mote popula! fn. frhape “popu genes Like aria and ter Blak ARS ‘rs Fy wet cncered wth eposoning he ea ef inovan, ‘rence tnd echnia roe int te cmteatt open. ‘As one of he very Tew 1960s experimental cle quesions ot ‘See ops, tolcwe srg. sd thereof expres care {a thee cisions Fors campagn wo demolish srw clue wes ‘ewldesng o many Oerver: ering the ae hoop wih ‘ts mpage oly dps hs teeerment bt also pushes Toons aout expense ino profurive ceculton wih ‘her endein 196 cre. 1, seemaymond Bon. ‘shorae Ole Masa Germany The Mow Yorkie A 968 2 2 ene My love wt he uta New Yo Gy, Des 2006 S.A By “Soar Go fame Zeagenoane ence ask “teary rn "ee nc Deca of ew Yor: Aon ‘git Cul ingension 969) pao ons Bunh I eee go ta =e a ee sets ee Sr ot wcaltagerte ae tse ieee. aac aeromenene “mm no 8 Coe eS aerate Ser gers eh emcreeeae sees Sirens ieknetrecies Sie aire Ses USES hry ik Ri Me se itn ey ete Tae acute spt reams game renee eae a a crete ‘enry Myo “batons ofthe Vaguard re-Fanan, Dutiog Fumat Late Serna te arena ene eae ee oe eee tee ce Sener rere arg ae sceareneet ee Se me et ere eae ey eerie, eset Serene ee eee ce Seeterate iat Fale isore hep oe arene eens eee ee ne nasa Sagi e te rar ns tne Sgn © No (Winter 2002): 50-53. a8 2 eye anaes dag gi ltg eater ete ea et Ate ie ecient eh oe nae eo Rake aE fr iors snd i tf ed ee he oa ie ameter Sepa Sew penon eet rae Feige ine mera ts Sains” Send onminen ee manne a 2 elena eh rea en ve Se hae Deeley. el, whites a Bes Pl By hapa bheenersatna RSS re hate elt sao apt aes A Ct pe mt a en espe como, “A Bt Ren lt dogo Wer Ya ey wpneomeae wleng mr 53On wll se Rober Filan, Ne wih en 192; Del veces ha ea ‘ena Pe De Rabe im th Rf Bc oe Chae irakeioleae meson vero SRS Sr on toe wig ae aaa te spice eh nace norton ‘Sepa ney ea tan ne Hea 1-19 3 5 cities Shes ha ererine wn wae snow ctl it Seber C4 =e SR Senate 2 at ete Prcentatotfae Fea arteries a ce ‘Shatner oma iene wana penta cad e964 meen wi Suan Godman, Rye eine “emi uae = sce yplnning denensnon hard ad hi eh Sch ‘cyto pen Ss Coden ha ‘eica rit on Sinn’ “heer sts copy the eet Raber Wane Cabs Se ny “eer es ody Woh Mie la 3S (TT Mose eg “ee 180 The alana R10 0.2 whe 5) 98. "yet tog othe ang” 19 ‘ey yr by enc Ch, WIG, Et Orage, 56. Rte Spr bc Leader Ma owe Wik ihc aa a HCE Mn ied eon SE setlach ca. Maris db Ne rar ay 1649 ee so Wo, “b pc on Nowa bear dan 93}. 3. Cote Tanan ce ron ote” 3 flay my uma a in Lc a ee Yok Won We) mye el ake o ean Gy ee ion entero aoe pare meson tonaned soda Seip nh fs presto ey ceed mane ‘Shmuel tan ou oh expen anew ‘Sane Henan iy nr ie an nano Po of ‘ena Bercy an st Age Urey aoa Pes 205 ‘Syn tccay tev eng or inay "EBeve Reh we ans Pa Fs (hana S893 510, 5p. ear pm. “Te ening My Aen pe ly sd Rus ue (90 revel 20n mp. hapltmorm bea oes ns ch Byes ay was owed on Bs noes copostons ttn le 190" troup te ea 18a et he ren os ‘ng ns tego they wore ety ang one op ‘Sena forse pte deacon “nad Sctag ry a ay © Beh # WON” ihe Cging Same (28 ad New Bc Mase ata New Yr Mao 1967, 208 grein Wa Sat odor gee Uefa re 198) 208, {Ry rien wih the ah, New Yok ay, Ap 1, 20 ‘até Stan serie wih te Ne ey De 5 308. “te ym The Meng ot Avene ya es Me”