REPORT

BCP2485: Practice and Business Management (for Chiropractic)

Title: Consumer Guideline for Proper Use of T&CM
Cohort: CH 1/16
Group: A
Author: 1. Syed Khidir Al-Amin Bin Syed Mohammad Redza (21947)
2. Jason Sia Keng Wei (21713)
3. Ng Chee Hoong (22472)
4. Thibanraaj A/L Dora Rajah (11106)
Institute: International Medical University
Filename: Biz CH116 (21947) Syed Khidir Al-Amin Bin Syed Mohammad Redza

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 1 | 15
 REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 EXECUATIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 3

2.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.0 CHECKLIST .............................................................................................................................................. 5-8
3.1.0 CHECKLIST ITEM #6 ........................................................................................................................................ 5
3.1.1 CONSUMER ADVOCATE VIEW ............................................................................................................................ 5
3.1.2 PRACTITIONER CONSULTANT VIEW .................................................................................................................... 5
3.2.0 CHECKLIST ITEM #23 AND 34........................................................................................................................... 6
3.3.0 CHECKLIST ITEM #26 AND 27........................................................................................................................... 7
3.4.0 CHECKLIST ITEM #31 AND 32........................................................................................................................... 8
4.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................. 9
5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 10
SECTION 3.1.0 ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
SECTION 3.2.0 ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
SECTION 3.3.0 ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
SECTION 3.4.0 ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.0 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................... 11-12
7.0 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................... 13-15
7.1 MS WORD & GRAMMARLY (SCREENSHOT) ......................................................................................................... 13
7.2 GRAMMARLY (SCREENSHOT) ............................................................................................................................. 13
7.3 DECLARATION STATEMENT ............................................................................................................................... 14
7.4 RUBRIC ........................................................................................................................................................ 15

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 2 | 15
 REPORT

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report provides as a guide to the “Consumer Guideline for Proper Use of Traditional and
Complementary Medicine Services in Malaysia” in the context of a chiropractic product or services
consumer and a chiropractic product or services provider referencing selected topics.
Chiropractic products or services is generally safe when implemented by competent chiropractors.
Inter-professional patient co-management may be required for proper patient management and
safety. Consumers are required to be given, and providers are required to give proper informed
consent. Failure to provide proper informed consent gives patients the means to take legal action.
Conclusion: Adverse effects of chiropractic products or services can be prevented with competent
patient management and proper inter-professional patient co-management.
Recommendation:

 All chiropractors that are considering providing antepartum and postpartum chiropractic care is
recommended to adhere to evidence-based practice and perform self-directed learning to be up
to date with the latest information.
 The administration of the chiropractic clinic or the chiropractor should prepare a proper detailed
legal inform consent form that will be given during registration and prior to consultation
 A proper explanation should be given by the chiropractor on the procedures, risks, and choices
of interventions available to patients.
 All legal documents are to be understood by both parties, filled up appropriately, and kept
safely.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 3 | 15
 REPORT

2.0 INTRODUCTION

Chiropractic service is one of the services under T&CM services. T&CM service uses the
Consumer Guideline for Proper Use of Traditional & Complementary Medicine Services in Malaysia
(2019) as a guideline between the consumers and T&CM services. The Consumer Guideline for
Proper Use of Traditional & Complementary Medicine Services in Malaysia (2019) was developed by
T&CM Division to increase public awareness and ensure the safety and quality of T&CM services [1].
While the practice of T&CM is designed to prevent, treat or manage any ailment or illness or
preserve the mental and physical well-being of an individual [2], it is also the consumer’s right and
responsibilities to the use of T&CM services [1].
Consumers should know when to consider chiropractic services as it is essential for them.
This essay will explain thoroughly what is used during the service of chiropractic, the consent of the
consumers, and the safety of chiropractic service. It is important to know what the service is
providing to the consumer so that the consumer will be able to understand what are the purpose
and the risk behind the service as well. Without knowing what the products that are used are, the
consumers would not know whether it is safe for them or not. Without using this guideline,
consumers can actually lead to malpractice services which can cause harm to themselves. This does
not only apply to chiropractic services, but it also applies to other T&CM services.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 4 | 15
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3.0 CHECKLIST

3.1.0: Checklist Item #6

Is the service safe to be used in your current health condition? If you are pregnant, are a lactating
mother or child – consult your doctor first.
3.1.1: Consumers in making informed choices when considering chiropractic products/services.
Chiropractic services are generally safe for antepartum and postpartum care which helps
with neuromusculoskeletal pain during pregnancy [3-5]. Chiropractic services generally include
manual therapy, multimodal intervention, physical therapy modalities that may be available at
particular chiropractic clinics such as hot or cold therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, electrical
stimulation, and etc; and other specialised interventions which are dependent on the chiropractor’s
training and certification [3-7]. Do consult with your doctor first for contraindications to chiropractic
product or services [3, 6-8].
Chiropractic products have a wide variety of sources and applications dependent on the
products provided at particular clinics such as orthotics, braces, supplements, and etc [3-6]. In
general, the use of physical non-consumable products is safe; however, do consult with your doctor
first before use for safety precautions [3, 7, 8]. For consumables such as additional
supplementations, do consult with your doctor first to rule out any possible adverse effects or
reactions [3, 8].
There are contraindications and absolute contraindications to chiropractic product or
services during and after pregnancy. To provide detailed information about your current condition to
your chiropractor to get the optimal chiropractic product or services.
3.1.2: Practitioners guide in providing proper & safe chiropractic products/services.
Chiropractic products and services for antepartum and postpartum patients require detailed
considerations for optimal patient management [3-8]. It requires co-management with the patient’s
doctor to ensure patient safety [3, 7, 8]. There are contraindications and absolute contraindications
to certain types of chiropractic products or services which are dependent on the patient’s presenting
complaint and pregnancy comorbidities [3, 7, 8]. This requires an adequate and detailed history
taking of the patient’s past medical records, lab test findings, and physical examination to craft a
proper treatment plan for the patient.
Antepartum and postpartum chiropractic care requires special considerations before
providing any interventions such as manual therapy, multimodal intervention, and physical therapy
modalities [3-8]. Diet interventions, exercises, and physical therapy modalities require special
considerations to ensure suitability and patient safety [3, 7, 8]. Any supplementations recommended
requires consultation from the patient’s doctor to rule out any possible adverse effects to the
mother and child [3, 7, 8]. There are special chiropractic equipment and products that are available
for purchase to assist in providing chiropractic care to patients.
It is recommended for all chiropractors that are considering providing antepartum and
postpartum chiropractic care to perform self-learning on related topics and past researches
conducted to have an up-to-date knowledge base to ensure proper patient safety and quality of
care.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 5 | 15
 REPORT

3.2.0: Checklist Item #23 and 34.

Did you give your consent for any service option? It’s also important that any info that consumers
provide to the T&CM practitioner is kept confidential & not disclosed to any party w/out prior
consent. In the event this happens, the consumer may take the appropriate action towards the
T&CM practitioner.
Informed consent can be defined as the action of an autonomous, informed person agreeing
to submit to medical treatment or research. All consumers should have provided informed consent
from the chiropractor before proceeding to such treatment care [9]. Any information that
chiropractor received from the consumers should be always be kept private and confidential unless
it is given consent to share with any other party such as family members. If it is shared without the
consent of the consumer, appropriate action may be taken towards the chiropractor by the
consumer. Informed consent should be given in a written consent form and a verbal explanation
towards the consumer.
The purpose of informed consent is that it is a process where the consumers are competent
to decide, gets an adequate disclosure of information, understands the information, deciding on the
treatment voluntarily and consents to the treatment. The consumers’ competency to decide means
it is the ability for them to render decisions about the medical interventions provided by the
chiropractor. If the individuals are lacking the ability of decision-making, they are considered as
incompetent consumers. Certain consumers those are incompetent such as unconscious patients,
under-aged patients, mentally retarded and mentally ill should turn to family members to make
decisions [10].
Those who are competent should be provided adequate information regarding medical
treatment. Information that is needed including the nature of chiropractic treatment, the possible
risks of chiropractic treatment, and the other forms of treatment. The nature of chiropractic should
be explained thoroughly regarding what chiropractic is and what is included in the chiropractic
treatment. Furthermore, most treatments may have risks as well which is the same as chiropractic
treatment. Possible increased of pain may occur after the chiropractic treatment which should be
explained throughout the process. Lastly, chiropractic treatment is not the only way to treat pain. An
alternative method such as rest, injections, over-the-counter medication or surgery may be the
better way to treat the pain and it is important to share the information in the informed consent
form which will allow the consumer their own decision [11]. In the written consent form, the
consumer should sign at the end of the page to show the consumer understands and agree to
continue with the medical intervention unless the consumer disagrees which the consumer have the
legal and moral right to refuse any or all treatment [12].
If the chiropractor did not obtain the informed consent from the consumer before
proceeding with the treatment, the chiropractor may be liable for medical malpractice. This can lead
to taking legal action by the consumer towards the chiropractor. This does not apply for consumers
that may not refuse the treatment, which is those in emotional stress, intoxicated, or in most
emergencies that may lead to death or permanent disability [12].

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 6 | 15
 REPORT

3.3.0: Checklist Item #26 and 27.

Are the products used safe for you? What are the ingredients of the medication or herbs provided to
you?
For a chiropractor, his or her treatment plan majorly consists of manual therapy whereby
the practitioner will deliver an adjustment using their hands. However, nowadays chiropractors
globally, have incorporated many other adjuvant therapies and products in their treatment plans.
These adjuvant therapies are mostly evidence-based and safe for patients as much as the traditional
chiropractic adjustment itself. There are a couple of commonly used products and adjunct therapies
that chiropractors use on a regular basis for their patients. Patients being the consumers are urged
to know the safety and adverse effects of these products and therapies. The chiropractor is
responsible for giving the patient the knowledge and educating their patients about these
treatments and get consent from the patients before the products are used on them.
In the list of the most commonly used product for chiropractic patients, the first product
would be the therapeutic ultrasound. Ultrasound-induced heating is the result of the absorption of
ultrasonic energy in biological tissue [13]. The aim is to warm tendons, muscle and other tissue to
improve blood flow and accelerate healing. Ultrasound can be used to treat highly absorbing tissues
such as bone or tendon and can be moderated to produce enhanced healing without injury. The risk
of harm such as burns appears to be low when the modality is properly applied. Overall, ultrasound
for physical therapy has therefore provided a modest level of efficacy and patient benefit, but also a
low level of risk [13].
The next most commonly used product would be the Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve
Stimulation (TENS) which is a therapeutic application of electrical nerve stimulation through the skin
[14]. It is mainly used for pain management in patients with acute and chronic pain conditions. TENS
units usually use adhesive electrodes applied to the skin surface to apply pulsed electrical
stimulation that can be modified in terms of frequency (stimulation rate), intensity and duration
[14]. TENS is safe for most patients and they will not likely experience any adverse effects.
Nonetheless, electrical impulses that a TENS unit produces may cause a buzzing, tingling, or prickling
sensation, which some people may find uncomfortable [15]. A minority of patients might also be
allergic to the adhesive pads. That being said, there are hypoallergenic pads to use instead if any
patients’ experiences skin redness and irritation [15].

Another popular product chiropractor uses to accompany their manual therapy is the
application of Biofreeze. Biofreeze is actually a topical analgesic whereby the active ingredient is
menthol. It comes in mostly aerosol or gel form. Its function is to ease muscle and joint aches and
pain. The risk of side effects in this product is relatively low but if there are any local side effects it
usually would include redness and irritation at the site of application which will usually go away after
a few days [16].

Last but not least, kinesiology tape or also known as KT is a very sought-after product in the
chiropractic field. Theoretically, the application of Kinesio Tex® tape (KT) results, in the improvement
of muscle contractibility by supporting weakened muscles [17]. The elastic, acrylic adhesive tape
differs from regular white athletic tape because of the wave-like grain design on the adhesive
surface of KT [17]. KT is air permeable and water-resistant, allowing it to stay in place for three to
five days secondary to its ability to resist moisture without affecting the adhesive quality of the tape
[17]. However, there is insufficient research evidence that states that Kinesio tape may cause
allergies and/or chafes. Hence, it is a very minimal risk treatment option for patients with
musculoskeletal issues.
By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin
Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 7 | 15
 REPORT

3.4.0: Checklist Item #31 and 32.

Let the practitioner know if there are any problems, discomfort, adverse reactions (minor) or
no/slow improvement in the condition for which you were provided with a service/treated. For any
after-effects that you feel is critical, please go immediately to the nearest hospital for emergency
services.
Chiropractor is a health care provider that treats complications of the musculoskeletal system
and the nervous system, and the effects of these disorders on general health [18]. One of the most
commonly used methods by chiropractors to treat neuromusculoskeletal conditions is spinal
manipulation. Spinal manipulation is utilized to improve joints mobility which is restricted by tissue
injury caused by a traumatic event such as falling or repetitive stress. As a chiropractic practitioner,
he/she is required by law to inform the patient about the possible side effects of the particular
treatment he/she is going to administer. These negative reactions to spinal manipulations are very
common and vary greatly from person to person. They tend to commonly arise and disappear in a
brief period immediately after treatment.
The most common side effect of spinal manipulation is aching or soreness in the spinal joints
or muscles. It is completely normal to feel achy or sore after spinal manipulation. This is due to
inflammation naturally caused by the spinal manipulation as the effected joints are adjusting to new
movement patterns and positions. By simply applying an ice pack on the affected area will help to
reduce inflammation by slowly the blood circulation around the sore area [19, 20]. Besides that,
another side effect of spinal manipulation is fatigue. This is due to the body adjusting to the new
way of the nervous system which is reacting to the chiropractic manipulation. When chiropractic
manipulation is delivered, the nervous system which is restricted by subluxations is being fixed.
Thus, enabling the nerves to function at the optimal level, which can be exceptionally tiring to the
body which has been deprived of full functionality over a period [19, 20].
In addition, it is not uncommon to have dizziness following chiropractic manipulation.
According to a study in the journal Manual Therapy, 19.8% of patients experienced dizziness after
chiropractic manipulation. Dizziness occurs following a chiropractic manipulation is due to the body
requires a certain period of time to reorient itself to the spine’s new and correct position [20].
However, if the pain or symptoms continue, changes, or intensifies past one to three days, the
patient should contact the chiropractor. The patient should speak with the chiropractic practitioner
to ensure that everything is functioning and to see if further examination or care is needed.
On the other hand, neurological complications and vascular accidents which can cause serious,
permanent or even lethal consequences may arise following chiropractic manipulation. However,
the rate of serious complications after chiropractic manipulation performed by chiropractors has
been reported as relatively low. A study conducted indicates that the incidence of stroke is one per 2
million treatments of the neck [21], whereas another study arrived at an estimate of one irreversible
cerebrovascular accident per 1.3 million treatments of the neck [22]. Therefore, for any after-effects
that you feel is critical, it is recommended to immediately proceed to the nearest hospital for
emergency services.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 8 | 15
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4.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, incidents and accidents that result from manipulative therapy can be
prevented by a careful appraisal of the patient’s history and examination findings. The
information must be sought about coexisting diseases and the use of medication, including
long‐term steroid use and anticoagulant therapy. A detailed and meticulous examination
must be carried out. The use of appropriate techniques is essential, and the chiropractor
must avoid techniques known to be potentially hazardous. Besides that, obtaining the
consent form is important before proceeding to any treatment towards the consumer. It is
not only an ethical obligation, but it is also a legal obligation.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 9 | 15
 REPORT

5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1.0: Is the service safe to be used in your current health condition? If you are pregnant, are a
lactating mother or child – consult your doctor first.
It is recommended for all chiropractors that are considering providing antepartum and postpartum
chiropractic care to perform self-directed learning on related topics such as” efficacy of chiropractic
manipulation on pregnant women” and familiarize with evidence-based researches conducted on
women’s health and chiropractic during pregnancy. These measures are taken to equip the
chiropractor with sufficient up-to-date knowledge and information, to ensure the best and optimum
state of patient safety and quality of care.
3.2.0: Did you give your consent for any service option? It’s also important that any info that
consumers provide to the T&CM practitioner is kept confidential & not disclosed to any party w/out
prior consent. In the event this happens, the consumer may take the appropriate action towards the
T&CM practitioner.
The administration of the chiropractic clinic or the chiropractor should prepare a legal informed
consent paper that will be given during registration and prior to the consultation. Additionally, the
chiropractor who is going to treat and consult the patient must explain the possible risk and
verbalize implied and informed consent before history taking and treatment. This acts as a safety
measure not just for the patient but also for the chiropractor and his or her team.
3.3.0: Are the products used safe for you? What are the ingredients of the medication or herbs
provided to you?
The chiropractor is responsible for giving the patient the knowledge and educating their patients
about adjunct therapy and products such as the adverse effect and possible risk that could arise
during and after treatment. This is to ensure patients understand the benefits and the side effect or
risk before deciding about their treatment options. Then the chiropractor should also get the
patients informed consent before the products are used on them.
3.4.0: Let the practitioner know if there are any problems, discomfort, adverse reactions (minor) or
no/slow improvement in the condition for which you were provided with a service/treated. For any
after-effects that you feel is critical, please go immediately to the nearest hospital for emergency
services.
To avoid patients complain of adverse reactions, problem, discomfort, no / slow improvement in
their condition for which they are being treated, the chiropractor should provide informed consent
on paper that lists down the possible risk of chiropractic manipulations and adjunctive therapy that
will have to be signed by the patients prior to the treatment. Besides that, the chiropractor should
give patient advice during the report of findings and post-treatment, on what are the precautionary
measures to take to avoid any possible side effects after chiropractic care. For example, the most
common side effect would be post-treatment soreness and advise to ice the region should be given
by the chiropractor to the patient.

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 10 | 15
 REPORT

6.0 REFERENCES

1. Z Official Portal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine – Consumer Guidelines [Internet].

[cited 2019Nov4]. Available from: http://tcm.moh.gov.my/en/index.php/consumerguideline
2. Official Portal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine – T&CM Blueprint[Internet]. [cited
2019Nov4]. Available from: http://tcm.moh.gov.my/upload/Blueprint.pdf
3. Chiropractor While Pregnant: Benefits [Internet]. Healthline. 2019 [cited 3 November 2019].
Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/chiropractor-while-
pregnant#How-can-chiropractic-care-help-during-pregnancy?
4. Hall H, Cramer H, Sundberg T, Ward L, Adams J, Moore C, et al. The effectiveness of
complementary manual therapies for pregnancy-related back and pelvic pain A systematic
review with meta-analysis. Medicine (United States). 2016.
5. George JW, Skaggs CD, Thompson PA, Nelson DM, Gavard JA, Gross GA. A randomized controlled
trial comparing a multimodal intervention and standard obstetrics care for low back and pelvic
pain in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;
6. 9 Types of Physical Therapy Modalities Explained [Internet]. Dynatronics.com. 2019 [cited 3
November 2019]. Available from: https://www.dynatronics.com/blog/physical-therapy-
modalities-explained
7. Safe Exercise During Pregnancy: What Physical Therapists Need to Know [Internet].
CovalentCareers. 2019 [cited 3 November 2019]. Available from:
https://covalentcareers.com/resources/exercise-during-pregnancy-physical-therapists/
8. Auger N, Le T, Park A, Luo Z. Association between maternal comorbidity and preterm birth by
severity and clinical subtype: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.
2011;11(1).
9. Francis CM. Autonomy and Informed Consent, Medical Ethics. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee
Brothers; 2004. pp. 54–65
10. Munetz MR, Lidz CW, Meisel A. Informed consent and incompetent medical patients. The
Journal of family practice. 1985 Mar;20(3):273-9.
11. Protecting Your Practice: Record Keeping & Informed Consent [Internet]. OCA. [cited 2019Nov3].
Available from: https://www.chiropractic.on.ca/protecting-practice-record-keeping-informed-
consent/
12. Wagner RA. What is Informed Consent in Healthcare? Definition, Important & Laws [Internet].
eMedicineHealth. eMedicineHealth; 2018 [cited 2019Nov3]. Available from:
https://www.emedicinehealth.com/informed_consent/article_em.htm
13. Miller D, Smith N, Bailey M, Czarnota G, Hynynen K, Makin I. Overview of Therapeutic
Ultrasound Applications and Safety Considerations. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.
2012;31(4):623-634.
14. Catley M, Gibson W, Wand B, Meads C, O'Connell N. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
(TENS) for chronic pain - an overview of Cochrane reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic
Reviews. 2015.
15. TENS unit: Benefits, side effects, and research [Internet]. Medical News Today. 2019 [cited 3
November 2019]. Available from:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323632.php#takeaway
16. Biofreeze (Menthol Aerosol) Information - Drugs.com [Internet]. Drugs.com. 2019 [cited 3
November 2019]. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/cdi/biofreeze-menthol-aerosol.html

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 11 | 15
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17. Wilson, V., Douris, P., Fukuroku, T., Kuzniewski, M., Dias, J., & Figueiredo, P. (2016). The
Immediate and Long-term Effects of Kinesiotape® on Balance and Functional Performance.
International journal of sports physical therapy, 11(2), 247–253.
18. Chiropractic? W, Chiropractic? W. American Chiropractic Association > Patients > Why Choose
Chiropractic? > What is Chiropractic? [Internet]. Acatoday.org. 2019 [cited 3 Nov 2019].
Available from: https://www.acatoday.org/Patients/Why-Choose-Chiropractic/What-is-
Chiropractic
19. Senstad O, Leboeuf-Yde C, Borchgrevink C. Side-effects of chiropractic spinal manipulation:
Types frequency, discomfort and course. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care.
1996;14(1):50-53.
20. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. Journal of Manipulative and
Physiological Therapeutics. 2001;24(5):6A.
21. Klougart N, Leboeuf-Yde C. Rasmussen LR. Safety in chiropractic practice. Part I: The occurrence
of cerebrovascular accidents after manipulation to the neck in Denmark from 1978-1988. J
Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996; 19:371-7.
22. Dabbs V, Lauretti WJ. A risk assessment of cervical manipulation vs. NSAIDs for the treatment of
neck pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1995; 18:530-6.
23. Crafting a Powerful Executive Summary [Internet]. HBS Working Knowledge. 2019 [cited 4
November 2019]. Available from: https://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/crafting-a-powerful-executive-
summary
24. Good and poor examples of executive summaries [Internet]. Unilearning.uow.edu.au. 2019
[cited 4 November 2019]. Available from: https://unilearning.uow.edu.au/report/4bi1.html

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 12 | 15
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7.0 APPENDIX

7.1 MS Word & Grammarly (screenshot)

7.2 Grammarly (screenshot)

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 13 | 15
 REPORT

7.3 Declaration Statement

We declare that, except where specifically indicated, all the work presented in this report is our own
& we’re the only authors

Name: Syed Khidir Al-Amin Bin Syed Mohammad Redza Signature:

Date: 2019-11-04

Name: Jason Sia Keng Wei Signature:

Date: 2019-11-04

Name: Ng Chee Hoong Signature:

Date: 2019-11-04

Name: Thibanraaj A/L Dora Rajah Signature:

Date: 2019-11-04

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 14 | 15
 REPORT

7.4 Rubric
RUBRIC
Checklist (√) Mark Element
Formal report format
Contents
The report is written accurately, comprehensively, concisely, logically,
professionally, & with quality
Reference (Vancouver Style)
Appendix:
Print Screen (PrtSc) 1 – Grammarly: No issues found message, &
MS Word: Spelling & grammar check is complete, or
MS Word: Readability Statistics message
Print Screen (PrtSc) 2 – Grammarly: Correctness (Looking good)
Declaration of Real Original Work & without Plagiarism (see Student Hdbk)
This Rubric page as the last page
TOTAL

By, Syed Khidir Al-Amin

Jason Sia
Ng Chee Hoong
Thibanraaj Dora Rajah Submission Date: 2019-11-04 P a g e 15 | 15