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Systhesis of Potassium
Systhesis of Potassium
Date: 2015/09/27
JIN ZHIXIONG/20150965
TA 김지엽
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1 Introduction
ed d
An
alum
is
a
hydrated
double
sulfate
salt
with
the
general
formula
can
be
written
as
ar stu
M+M’3+(SO4)2∙12H2O
is
Th
or potassium alum, using aluminum foil and potassium hydroxide. When metal aluminum reacts with
potassium hydroxide solution, it produces a potassium aluminate solution and hydrogen gas. When we
use sulfuric acid, the aluminate ion forms a precipitate as aluminum hydroxide but then dissolves again
when it is heated. The steps leading to the synthesis of potassium alum can be written as:
https://www.coursehero.com/file/16876882/Synthesis-of-Potassium-Alum-report/
2𝐾 ' 𝑎𝑞 + 2𝐴𝑙(𝑂𝐻), ' ., '
4 𝑎𝑞 + 2𝐻 𝑎𝑞 + S𝑂4 (𝑎𝑞) → 2𝐴𝑙(𝑂𝐻)8 𝑠 + 2𝐾 𝑎𝑞 +
△
2𝐴𝑙(𝑂𝐻)8 𝑠 + 6𝐻 ' 𝑎𝑞 + 3S𝑂4., 𝑎𝑞 2𝐴𝑙 8' (𝑎𝑞) + 3S𝑂4., (𝑎𝑞) + 6𝐻. 𝑂(𝑙)
Adding all these reaction equations we can obtain the total reaction equation that:
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𝐾 ' 𝑎𝑞 + 𝐴𝑙 8' 𝑎𝑞 + 2S𝑂4., 𝑎𝑞 + 12𝐻. 𝑂(𝑙) → KAl(𝑆𝑂4 ). ∙ 12𝐻. 𝑂
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We will use this equation to calculate the theoretical yield of potassium alum synthesized. We will also
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determine the melting point of the alum.
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2 . Method.
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ar stu
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에 가져간다.
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3. 용액을 Gravity filter에 부어넣는다.왜냐하면 반응에서 진행되지않앗던 고체잡
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다.
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6. 용액이 50ml까지 되였을때 비커를 아이스박스에 넣어 냉각시킨다 시간은 대
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rs e
략15분정도이다.
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Measured masses
sh
Mass
1.0002g
알루미늄질량 g
7.1773g
알루미늄 그릇의 질량 g
https://www.coursehero.com/file/16876882/Synthesis-of-Potassium-Alum-report/
37.5524g
건조전 질량 g
36.8151g
건조후 질량 g
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리미늄의 percentage yield 를 구하면
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n(Al)= 1g/26.9815g/mol=0.0371mol
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이론값m(KAL(SO4)2.12H20)=0.0371𝑚𝑜𝑙 ×474g/mol=17.5854g
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실제값 m=36.8151g-7.1773g=29.6378g
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ar stu
29.6378g/17.5854g ×100%=168.54%
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4 Discussion
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리하였을때 H2SO4을 넣고 히터에 가열하는 과정에서 자극성냄새를 맡았다.그
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실험결과를 rs e 분석해보면 이론값은 17.852g이여야 하는데 실제 값은
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29.6378g으로 측정되였다.원인을 분석하면 다음과 같다.
o
로 실험측정수치가 높게 나오다.
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5.Reference
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Laboratory Manual for Principle of General Chemistry 9th edition p.193-1965 J.A. Beran
6.question
1.a The reaction will be slow. Because the ratio of surface to volume will be small if
we don’t cut it. It will take long time.
B Unaffected. Because we don’t change the amount of the aluminum pieces just
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change the shape .So it just affects the reaction be slow but the percentage yield will not be
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changed.
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3.He can hardly see the crystal because H2SO4 is an oxidizing acid and dehydrator
and H2SO4 is much harder to volatilize than HCL(HCL is easy to volatilize.),so
H2SO4 forms more insoluble salt but the HCL will be hard.
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dissolved again.
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7.Use the decrease mass when we heat the crystal. And it will be the water of
ar stu
hydration. Use this we can calculate the mole mass and can determine the moles of
the waters of hydration in an alum sample.
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