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    26 views1 page

    Transmission Lines Are A 2 Way Street PDF

    Uploaded by

    Blagoja Gjakovski

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 1
    SIGNAL INTEGRITY Zee BY HOWARD JOHNSON, PhD Two-way street ‘uppose thac I gave you a highway-ttaffic monitor that re- ports total traffic density on a section of roadway but does not provide separate figures for eastbound and westbound traffic. Obviously, this sensor reveals only part of the total traffic picture. Transmission lines, like streets, sup- port traffic in two dire to a transmission line acts much like a trafic-density sensor. Ie shows an aggregare-voltage waveform but doesn't say which way che waveform is roving. For example, Figure 1 shows the ‘composite voltage (pink) at eapact- tor C, (Reference 1). The waveform shows a 200-psce step followed by @ negative bump at B. To decipher the «aise of chat bump, include i your schematic a virtual (nonphysical) 20 resistor RSet al she paraitics asso- ciated with that component to thelr ‘minim ales, 200 mviDW 200 pSECIOW HYPERLYN v7.7 4880 ve ao ns. A voltage probe connected Transmission lines, like streets, support traffic in two directions. Export from your simulator both the valeage, ty at Ry and the cur rent, fy flowing through R,. Then, suse the equations in Figure 1 to com pure both forward and reverse-mov- ing waveforms, u, and vy, respectively ~—— COMPOSITE VOLTAGE AT ©, ~ ential) a veo Zoid) Figae 1 Volage weetorme v, ant, propagate in appacte dieetions 26 EDN | JANUARY 4, 2007 “The composite waveform at C, isthe urn of these two waveforms. The for ward waveform fbive) appears ideal. ‘The negative bump appears only in the reverse waveform (purple) “Therefore, the borap must be areflec- tion coming from something o the right of C, "Next, consider the shape and tim- ing of the reflected bump. The bump duration is comparable with the sig: nal ise time, so you may conjecture tha i comes from one localized sp. The center of the bump occurs 400 psec after the midpoint ofthe initial rising edge. Thar 400-psec number is 2 rouncl-trip flection delay, so the int perfection you seek rust be 200 psec downstream from R,, The only signif ‘cant imperfection neat that location tsthe receiverload capacitance, Cy If you remove C, from the circuit, the bump disappears, confirming C, as the source of the bump. A thorough examination of t, reveals a second negative burp, smaller than the first, coineidene with che main signal edge ‘That reflection comes from the C, If is technique seems new oF une usual ro you, think back to when you were a lia kid. Didn't your mother tell you to ook both waysteon REFERENCE FL Johisson, Howard, PRO, “Eye of ths probe! EDN, Das 1, 2608, pg 3, wory-edn.corfaticls/CABSS De £41.60 to www.s.com/o70104h) and tik on Fee@ouck Loop to posta | comment on hs colin | Howard Johnson, PRD, of Signal Con- sulking, frequently conducts. technical ‘workshops for digital engineers at Oxford Universigy and orher sites worlduide Visit his Web site at www. sigeon.com or

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