politika da ideologia

socializmi
da misi perspeqtivebi
21-e saukuneSi
`socializmis idea…adamianuri sulis erTi yve-
laze pativmoyvare nayofia... igi imdenad didebu-
N8'06 li da kadnieria, rom samarTlianad iwvevs udi-
des aRtacebas. Cven ara gvaqvs ufleba daudevrad
ugulebelvyoT socializmi, Cven igi unda uarv-
yoT, Tu gvinda rom msoflio barbarosobisagan
vixsnaT~.
ludvig fon mizesi

`Ñâåðõó ìîëîò, ñíèçó ñåðï. Ýòî – íàø Ñîâåòñêèé Ãåðá...~

nawyveti erTi uaRresad pesimisturi
da ucenzuro sabWouri xalxuri leqsidan

fridon sayvareliZe

wina nomrebSi politikuri ide- yvela formis likvidacias.

ologiebi _ liberalizmi da
konservatizmi mimovixileT
(`solidaroba~ ##3,4). soci-
alizmi mesame ZiriTadi poli-
tikuri ideologiaa, romlis
mizani socialuri samarTli-
anobis principebze dafuZnebu-
li sazogadoebis aSenebaa.
socialisturi azrovnebis sxva-
dasxva mimarTulebas aerTi-
anebs umniSvnelovanesi postu-
lati sazogadoebrivi sakuTre-
bis Sesaxeb, romelmac kerZo
sakuTrebis adgili daikava.
socializmi acxadebs adamianis
mier adamianis eqspluataciis
socialisturi sazogadoeba
iseT sazogadoebas gulisx-
mobs, sadac miRweulia xalxis
sruli gamgebloba, socialuri
samarTlianoba, sadac ekonomi-
kuri uTanasworobis narCenebi
ar uSlis xels yoveli pirov-
nebis Tavisufal da harmoniul
ganviTarebas. am humanuri miz-
nebis misaRwevad socialisteb-
ma (bolSevikebma, komunistebma)
gaanadgures religia, gaauqmes
kerZo sakuTreba da memkvidre-
obis ufleba, xolo ideologi-
ur mowinaaRmdegeebs da ubra-
lod sxvagvarad moazrovneebs
sakoncentracio banakebSi uk-
res Tavi, magram es sxva Temaa.

14
 Hewrazibun

zogi ram socializmis
ideebis istoriuli
ganviTarebis Sesaxeb
(utopistebi, marqsizmi, leninizmi, sta-
linizmi, trockizmi da a.S. grZeli siaa...)
socializmis Teoriis pirveli
Canasaxi adreul socialist-
utopistebSi, kerZod tomazo
kampanelasa (1478-1535 ww.) da
Tomas moris (1568-1639 ww.) naS-
romebSi SeiniSneba. kunZul uto-
piaze, romlis Sesaxebac mog-
viTxrobs Tomas mori, ar arse-
bobs kerZo sakuTreba, fulis
mimoqceva, iq sruli Tanaswo-
roba sufevs. sazogadoebis sa-
fuZvels warmoadgens saojaxo
da SromiTi koleqtivi. Sroma
savaldebuloa yvelasaTvis.
imisaTvis, rom xeli ar Seewyos
kerZomesakuTrul instinqtebis
ganviTarebas, ojaxebi regula-
rulad cvlian erTmaneTSi
sacxovrebel saxlebs.
socializmis ideebis ganviTa-
rebaSi didi wvlili Seitana
karl marqsma. is socializms
uwodebda iseT sazogadoebriv
wyobas, romelic kapitalizmi-
dan komunizmze gardamaval sa-
fexurs warmoadgens. anu es jer
kidev ar aris socialuri samar-
Tlianobis sazogadoeba, ara-
med mxolod misken gadadgmuli
mosamzadebeli nabijia.
radganac socialisturi sazo-
gadoeba kapitalisturidan
gamomdinareobs, amitom, marqsis
azriT, is jer kidev inarCunebs
Zveli sazogadoebis Tvisebebs.
socializmis ZiriTadi principi
aseTia _ TiToeulisagan SesaZ-
leblobis mixedviT, TiToeuls
Sromis mixedviT. pirovnebis
sakuTrebaSi ar SeiZleba iyos
raime, garda individualuri
moxmarebis sagnebisa. socialis-
Fluskfhf
tur sazogadoebaSi kapitaliz- Àìãàðäçèíàä
misagan gansxvavebiT kerZo
mewarmeoba akrZalulia da sis-
Solidarity
xlis samarTlis danaSaulad
solidaroba
iTvleba. saxelmwifo warmoad- Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
gens proletariatis diqtatu-
ras. Tumca proletariatis diq-
}'vh'mksr
tatura sul male partiuli
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
nomenklaturis diqtaturiT Solidarität
Seicvala.
Hewrazibun
marqsistuli socializmi efuZ-
neba rwmenas, rom kapitalizmi Fluskfhf
klasobrivi eqspluataciisa da Àìãàðäçèíàä
Cagvris sistemaa da mas gadar-
Cena ar uweria. marqsi winas- Solidarity
warmetyvelebda, rom kapita- solidaroba
lizms yovel mizezs gareSe da- Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
amxobda proletaruli revo-
lucia. es unda yofiliyo so- }'vh'mksr
cialuri revolucia, romelic Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
warmoebis axal wess daadgenda Solidarität
da sruli komunizmis miRweviT
dagvirgvindeboda. aseTi
Hewrazibun

socialisturi ideebis Semdegi Fluskfhf

afeTqeba XIX saukunis dasawyis- Àìãàðäçèíàä
Si moxda dasavleT evropaSi. es
dakavSirebulia sen-simonis, fu- Solidarity
riesa da ouenis saxelebTan. solidaroba
unda movixsenioT `xalxosnebis~ Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
tipis rusi socialistebis pro-
eqtebic, romelTac mxars uWer- }'vh'mksr
dnen a. i. gerceni (1812-1870 ww.), Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
b. g. belinski (1811-1848 ww.), n. g. Solidarität
CerniSevski (1828-1889 ww.) da
sxvebi. gercens miaCnda, rom Hewrazibun
glexuri Temi miwis flobis Ta-
visi tradiciuli formebiT so-
Fluskfhf
cialisturi urTierTobis mata-
Àìãàðäçèíàä
rebeli iyo, anu socialisturi
wyobis safuZvlebi ruseTis
Solidarity
soflebSi imTaviTve iyo war- solidaroba
modgenili. gercenis ideebi
Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
revoluciuri demokratizmis
poziciebidan ganavrco belins-
}'vh'mksr
kim, romelic ZiriTad socialur Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
Zalad glexobas miiCnevda da
Solidarität
glexuri revoluciis momxre
iyo. es Teoriebi SemdgomSi bavSvi ekiTxeba marqss: gaqvs qveynierebis Secvlis
viTardeboda jer xalxosnebis, raime sxva idea? Hewrazibun
Semdeg ki eserebis mier. marqsi: komentaris gareSe.

Fluskfhf
15 Àìãàðäçèíàä

Solidarity
solidaroba
 politika da ideologia
revoluciebi, marqsis azriT,
yvelaze ganviTarebul dasav-
leTevropul qveynebSi moxde-
boda _ belgiaSi, germaniaSi,
safrangeTsa da did britaneT-
Si (aq kargad Cans marqsis am da
sxva winaswarmetyvelebebis re-
aluri fasi, radganac soci-
alizmma swored ekonomikurad
yvelaze CamorCenil qveynebSi,
magaliTad, ruseTsa da CineTSi
gaimarjva).
SemdgomSi socializmis ideebi
leninma ganaviTara. maTSi misi
ZiriTadi sazrunavi aisaxa _
xelisuflebaSi mosvla da komu-
N8'06
nisturi wyobis damyareba.
lenins ar swamda saparlamento
politikisa da arCevnebisa. mas
mudmivad sisxli swyuroda _
SeiaraRebuli ajanyebis gziT
Zalauflebis xelSi Cagdeba,
SemdgomSi revoluciis dacva
klasobrivi mtrebisagan anu am
mtris (Tavadaznaurobis, samR-
vdeloebis, intelegenciis) ga-
nadgureba _ ai misi miznebi,
romlebic saTanado meTodebiT
xorcieldeboda. lenini erTi
originaluri ideis avtoric socializmis modelebi
iyo: mas ekuTvnis axali tipis
(demokratiuli socializmi, socialuri
avangarduli politikuri par- sabazro ekonomika, sabazro socializmi,
tiis Seqmnis idea. mxolod ase- sabazro dagegmva, bazris regulireba da
a.S. esec sakmaod grZeli siaa...)
Ti partia Tu SeZlebda `motyu-
ebuli~ muSaTa klasis gadayva-
`yvela Sualedur politikas
nas revoluciur-klasobriv
socializmamde mivyavarT~.
Segnebaze. aqedan gamomdinare
ludvig fon mizesi
aRarc sxva politikuri parti-
ebis arseboba gaxdeboda saWiro.
ZiriTadi gansxvaveba kapita-
lizmsa da socializmis Soris
socialisturi ideologiis gan-
aris, erTi mxriv, sabazro eko-
viTarebaSi stalinis rolic ar
nomika (kapitalizmis pirobeb-
unda daviviwyoT. es roli leni-
Si), da, meore mxriv, centralu-
nis rolze meti Tu ara naklebi
ri dagegmva (socializmis
namdvilad ar aris. yvelaze
dros).
mniSvnelovani ideologiuri
cvlileba is iyo, rom stalinma
sabazro ekonomikisaTvis dama-
internacionalur ideebs `erT
xasiaTebelia: kerZo sakuTreba,
qveyanaSi socializmis ganviTa-
arCevanis Tavisufleba da pasu-
rebis~ idea amjobina (trockisa
xismgebloba arCevanis gamo,
da trockistebisagan gansxva-
konkurencia, maRali motivacia,
vebiT, romlebic mgznebare
resursebis naklebi mocdena,
internacionalistebad darC-
produqciis ukeTesi xarisxi.
nen). Tumca stalini susti
Sedegad vRebulobT adamianis
Teoretikosi iyo. samagierod
sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebas,
socialisturi ideebi man ise
Cvil bavSvTa sikvdilianobis
ganaxorciela praqtikaSi, rom
Semcirebas, sazogadoebis wev-
ager ukve naxevari saukunea
rTa keTildReobis ganuxrel
ver moxerxda maTi amoZirkva.
amaRlebas, adamianis Rirsebis
16

pativiscemas, kanonis uzena-
esobas, sazogadoebis mier
kontrolirebad mTavrobas.
centralur dagegmvas axasi-
aTebs: dangreuli faswarmoq-
mna, nulovani motivacia, gayi-
nuli ekonomika, gaflanguli
resursebi, subsidireba, tota-
litaruli kontroli, Rirseba-
ayrili pirovnebebi, siRaribe,
saxelmwifo aparatis Tavgasu-
loba da korufcia.
ratom eSiniaT bazris?
imitom, rom bazarze arsebobs
konkurencia, pasuxismgebloba,
imitom, rom iq kanonis winaSe
realuri Tanasworoba da samar-
Tlianobaa.
ratom moswonT centraluri
dagegmva?
moswonT, radgan es SesaniSnavi
saSualebaa saimisod, rom saku-
Tari sizarmace gaamarTlo,
sxvis xarjze icxovro da pasu-
xismgebloba sxvas daakisro.
zemoT Tqmulis gaanalizeba da
logikuri daskvnebis gamotana
ar unda iyos rTuli saqme. aq
aSkaraa sabazro ekonomikis upi-
ratesoba centralur dagegm-
vasTan SedarebiT. aqedan gamom-
dinare gaCnda socializmis mo-
difikaciis sxvadasxva modeli,
romelic bazris rols aRi-
arebs, magaliTad, sabazro so-
cializmi, romelic miiCnevs,
rom bazari SeiZleba moqmedeb-
des ara marto kerZokapitalis-
turi sakuTrebis arsebobisas,
aramed sakuTrebis sxva forme-
bis (koleqtiur-SromiTi, erT-
pirovnuli) drosac. SvedeTis
social-demokratiulma Sromis
partiam dagegmvaze meoce sa-
ukunis 30-ian wlebSi Tqva uari,
aseve moiqcnen dasavleT ger-
maneli social-demokratebic.
sabazro socializmis negati-
uri mxare isaa, rom mas Tan ax-
lavs kapitalizmis Tanamdevi
`avadmyofobebi~ _ socialuri
uTanasworoba, makroarastabi-
luroba, garemos dazianeba,
Tumca am uaryofiTi movlene-
bis gamosworebas aqtiuri sa-
xelmwifo CareviT da dagegm-
viT cdiloben.
social-demokratiuli parti-
ebi (aq evropul social-demok-
ratias vgulisxmob) am tipis
partiebs Soris yvelaze prog-
resulebi arian. isini cdilo-
ben socialisturi ideebis de-
mokratiasTan Sexamebas. soci-
alizmis ideebis revizia, refor-
mebi, kapitalizmis gahumanure-
ba, SefardebiTi Tanasworoba,
Sereuli ekonomika, ekonomiku-
ri menejmenti, saparlamento
da ara avangarduli partia,
politikuri pluralizmi, li-
beral-demokratiuli saxelm-
wifo _ ai nusxa maTi ideolo-
giuri safuZvlebisa. dameTanx-
mebiT, rom am ideebs cota ram
Tu aqvT saerTo socializmTan.
socialisturi azrovnebis
zogierTi sabWoTa
Taviseburebebis Sesaxeb
sabWoTa socializmis Sesaxeb ar-
sebuli mosazrebebi pirobiTad
sam jgufad SeiZleba daiyos:
pirveli _ sabWoTa socializmi
srulad Seesabameboda dogma-
tebs. magram Tavad sistema cudi
iyo. es imitom, rom marqsizmi
an cudia, an utopiuri. sabWo-
Ta magaliTma dagvanaxa misi
utopiuroba, ramac am sistemis
kanonzomieri kraxi gamoiwvia.
meore _ sabWoTa kavSirSi iyo
socializmi, magram sawyis, ganu-
viTarebel stadiaSi (deformi-
rebuli an, sxvanairad, feoda-
17
Hewrazibun
Fluskfhf
luri socializmi). amave punqts Àìãàðäçèíàä
SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT koncef-
ciebi kapitalizmidan soci-
Solidarity
alizmze gadasvlis etapis
solidaroba
Sesaxeb. Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
mesame _ sabWoTa socializmi
}'vh'mksr
mTlianobaSi kargi iyo, zogi-
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
erTi gamonaklisis garda Solidarität
(vTqvaT, dausabuTebeli rep-
resiebi). is mTlianad Tanxvde- Hewrazibun
boda marqsizm-leninizmis kla-
sikur swavlebas, pasuxobda Fluskfhf
eris da saxelmwifos saWirbo- Àìãàðäçèíàä
roto problemebs, amasTan inar-
Cunebda da aviTarebda rusul Solidarity
istoriul tradiciebs. sabWo- solidaroba
uri socializmi saSualebas Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
aZlevda xalxs ecxovra norma-
lurad da hqonoda Zlieri }'vh'mksr
saxelmwifo. Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
Solidarität
sabWoTa socializmis ideolo-
giuri safuZvlebi metad eSma-
Hewrazibun
kurad da veragulad iyo gaaz-
rebuli da dagegmili.
Fluskfhf
socialistebis buneba egali- Àìãàðäçèíàä
taristulia. isini ver itanen
gansakuTrebulobas, talants, Solidarity
sxvis upiratesobas; gverds solidaroba
uvlian gamorCeul pirovnebas, Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
cdiloben ar SeamCnion igi,
mudam mzad arian eWvi Seitanon }'vh'mksr
mis SesaZleblobebSi, dasci- Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
non, ukana planze gadaisrolon Solidarität
intrigiTa da ciliswamebiT.
maT avanscenaze uniWo, uzneo, Hewrazibun
magram morCili da erTguli
adamianebi gamohyavT, romle- Fluskfhf
bic, rogorc wesi, maTive wri- Àìãàðäçèíàä
dan arian; maTi meSveobiT cdi-
loben niWierTa da gamorCeul- Solidarity
Ta gadafarvas. isini sicocxles solidaroba
uwamlaven nebismier talants Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
da Tuki mizans amgvarad ver
aRweven, mzad arian `moulod- }'vh'mksr
neli~ sikvdilis SemTxvevaSi Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
mduRare cremliT daitiron is Solidarität
da Zeglic daudgan. socialis-
tebi eswrafian adamianebi tra-
Hewrazibun
faretulad daamsgavsnon erT-
maneTs (sabWouri `óðàâíèëîâ-
Fluskfhf
Àìãàðäçèíàä
Solidarity
solidaroba
 politika da ideologia
êà~) da klaven yovelgvar
individualizms.
sabWoTa ideologia upasuxis-
mgeblo, SuriT (`Suri ars mwu-
xarebai sxvisa keTilsa zeda~ _
saba) da SurisZiebiT aRsavse ma-
terialisturi da revoluciuri
msoflmxedveloba iyo. is arad
dagidevdaT, rom Cven yvelani
erTmaneTisgan ganvsxvavdebiT,
rom arasdros, mTeli istoriis
manZilze, aravis hqonia da arc
eqneba zustad iseTive azrebi,
miswrafebebi, ocnebebi, ro-
goric Cven gvaqvs, magram swo-
red amitom varT Tanasworni
N8'06
da amitom uyvars RmerTs Ti-
Toeuli Cvengani.
sabWoTa socializmi Tavisuf-
lebis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli
ideologiaa. Tavisufleba da
socializmi SeuTavsebelia,
radgan SeuZlebelia Tavisuf-
leba kerZo sakuTrebis gareSe.
amasTan erTad, socializmis
ideuri manqana daundoblad
ibrZoda imisaTvis, rom Tavi-
suflebis survilic ki aravis
gasCenoda. aq imas ki ar vgulis-
xmob, rom azris Tavisuflad
gamoxatvas represiebi, sakon-
centracio banakebi da fsiqi-
atriuli savadmyofoebi mos-
devda. es sayovelTaod cnobi-
lia. aq yuradRebas mivapyrob
im meTodebs, romliTac komu-
nistebi cdilobdnen ar daeS-
vaT Tavisuflebaze fiqric ki.
mxolod ramdenime, erTi Sexed-
viT, martiv magaliTs movitan.
cnobilia sabWoTa kavSiris
warmatebebi kosmosis aTvise-
bis, gnebavT SeiaraRebis darg-
Si. am dros ki qveyanaSi iyo
xelovnurad Seqmnili deficiti
aucilebeli moxmarebis iseT
sagnebze, rogoricaa macivari,
televizori Tu sarecxi man-
qana. TiToeuli am sagnis Sovna
da SeZena didi drois da ener-
giis xarjvasTan iyo dakavSire-
buli. erTi sagnis SeZenis Sem-
deg saWiro xdeboda zrunva
meore sagnis SeZenaze da ase
dausrulebriv. am dros Tavi-
sufali azrovnebisTvis Znelad
Tu moiclidi.
saSinlad muSaobda telefone-
bi. esec Segnebulad keTdebo-
da. rTuli iyo abonentTan da-
kavSireba da, Tu amas moaxer-
xebdi, problema iyo Tanamosa-
ubris sityvebis garCeva, xanac
sxva abonentebi erTvebodnen
saubarSi. am dros Znelia gem-
rielad mokalaTde savarZelSi
da maRal idealebze saubris
survili gagiCndes.
axla sabWoTa restornebi gavix-
senoT. magaliTad, restorani
`aragvi~ warmovidginoT, gne-
bavT, TbilisSi da, gnebavT,
moskovSi _ sinaTliT gaCaxCa-
xebuli uzarmazari darbazi,
braziani oficiantebi da mu-
sikis da xalxis erTmaneTSi
areuli saSineli xmauri. aq ver
ganmartovdebi da amitom arc
`cudi~ azrebi mogiva TavSi.
amitomac versad SexvdebodiT
momcro, oTx-xuT magidian
patara restornebs.
imisaTvis, rom mavne azrebi ar
gagCenoda, saWiro iyo gqonoda
mudmivi danaSaulis grZnoba
sabWoTa xelisuflebis winaSe.
magaliTad, quCaze gadasasvle-
lebi maincdamainc iq keTdebo-
da, sadac amisaTvis yvelaze
mouxerxebeli adgili iyo. TiT-
qos logikuria, rom gadasasv-
leli iq gakeTebuliyo, sadac
xalxs ufro xSirad sWirdebo-
da quCis meore mxares gadasv-
la (vTqvaT, sasursaTo maRazi-
aSi). ara, gadasasvlels, sama-
siode metris mocilebiT ake-
Tebdnen. xalxi mainc gadadi-
oda akrZalul adgilas, magram
gadadioda imis SegnebiT, rom
18
is danaSauls sCadis sabWoTa
xelisuflebis winaSe.
Cveneburi saxinkleebis Sesasv-
lelSive sakmaod mkacri war-
wera gvamcnobda, saxinkleSi
alkoholuri sasmelebis Setana
akrZaluliao. arada, kargadaa
cnobili, rom es ori kompo-
nenti (arayi da xinkali) kargad
erwymis erTmaneTs. amitom
alkoholuri sasmelebi mainc
SehqondaT. ar maxsovs vinme
daesajoT amisTvis. samagierod,
Cven, sabWoTa saqarTvelos
rigiT moqalaqeebs, xinklis
Wamis drosac ar gvtovebda
danaSaulis SegrZneba sabWoTa
xelisuflebis winaSe.
socializmis gadarCenis
Sansebis Sesaxeb
neoliberalizmis erT-erTi
TvalsaCino warmomadgenlis
ludvig fon mizesis naSromi _
`socializmi~ _ socializmis
ideis kritikis klasikuri ni-
muSia. masSi avtori pirvelad
Seecada daemtkicebina soci-
alizmis SeuZlebloba, kerZod,
koreqtuli ekonomikuri
daTvlis SeuZleblobis gamo.
`socializmi~ 1922 wels gamo-
ica da Zlieri STabeWdileba
moaxdina. am wignma TandaTan
Secvala im mravali axalgaz-
rda idealistis Sexeduleba,
romlebic pirveli msoflio
omis Semdeg daubrundnen uni-
versitetebs. me vici es, radgan
erT-erTi maTgani viyavi. Cven
vgrZnobdiT, rom civilizacia,
romelSic gavizardeT _ daem-
xo. Cven gvsurda ukeTesi msof-
lios aSeneba. swored sazoga-
doebis gardaqmnis am survilma
gvaiZula ekonomikuri Teoriis
Seswavla. socializmi sasur-
vels gvpirdeboda _ ufro ra-
cionalur, ufro samarTlian

ludvig fon mizesi (1881-1973)
sabWoTa mkiTxvelisaTvis
msoflios am udidesi
ekonomistis araTu wignebi,
saxelic ki ucnobi iyo.
msoflios. Semdeg ki gamoCnda
es wigni, romelmac Tavgza
agvibnia. am wignma gagvagebina,
rom ukeTes momavals iq ar ve-
ZebdiT, sadac saWiro iyo~. es
sityvebi nobelis premiis la-
ureats fridrih haieks ekuTv-
nis. haieki mizesis ideebis gam-
grZelebeli gaxda da mkacrad
akritikebda socializmis ideas,
raSic is ZiriTadad gulisx-
mobda ekonomikis dagegmvas
Tavisufali bazris sanacvlod,
aseve sazogadoebis primats
individTan SedarebiT. misi naS-
romis _ `gza monobisaken~ lait-
motivi gaxda mtkicebuleba,
rom dagegmva uSualod iwvevs
individis monur damorCilebas
saxelmwifo manqanisadmi. soci-
alizmis kritika masTan arse-
biTad saxelmwifo dagegmvis
kritikaze daiyvaneba.
kritikis obieqtia agreTve so-
cializmisTvis damaxasiaTebe-
li Semdegi naklovanebebi:
Hewrazibun
Fluskfhf
pirovnebis Tavisuflebis daT- damTavrda, belgieli neomar- Àìãàðäçèíàä
rgunva, garkveuli saxis saqmi- qsistis ralf milibendis az-
anobis iZuleba, dagegmvis mo- riT, warmodgena, rom kapita-
Solidarity
uqneloba, araefeqturoba, Sez- lizmi `saukeTesoa im sazoga-
solidaroba
Ruduli resursebis efeqturi doebriv-ekonomikur wyobaTa Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
ganawilebis SeuZlebloba, Soris, romelTa miRwevis ime-
sazogadoebis moTxovnilebebis dic kacobriobas SeiZleba hqon-
}'vh'mksr
dakmayofilebis SeuZlebloba, des, adamianTa modgmis saSine-
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
konformizmi, romelic inici- li Seuracxyofaa~. metic, Solidarität
ativis CaxSobam Sva, diskrimi- globalizaciam SeiZleba Sansi
nacia (saxelmwifo wyvets, ro- misces socializms da is kvlav Hewrazibun
gor gaanawilos resursebi da daibados antiglobalizmisa da
damoukideblad ayalibebs samar- antikapitalizmis saxiT. Fluskfhf
Tlianobis kriteriumebs), rac Àìãàðäçèíàä
privilegiebis sistemis gaCenas gadarCeba ki socializmi? Zne-
iwvevs. li saTqmelia. is ki siamovne- Solidarity
biT unda aRvniSno, rom mar- solidaroba
Tavis mxriv mizesisa da haiekis qsizm-leninizmi namdvilad Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
ideebs socialistebis mxridan mokvda da mis mosagonars ve-
bevri kritikosi hyavs, magram niCka erofeevis ganTqmuli }'vh'mksr
mTavari es ar aris. kokteili _ `Ñëåçà êîìñîìîëêè~ Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
Tu mouxdeba. Solidarität
aqvs ki azri 21 saukuneSi soci-
alizmze msjelobas, romelic,
Hewrazibun
rogorc sazogadoebrivi sis-
tema, jer kidev me-20 saukuneSi
`gavida gaRma~ (`Cabarda pat- Fluskfhf
rons~)? 1989-91 wlebis revo- Àìãàðäçèíàä
luciebma aRmosavleT evropaSi
faqtobrivad arsebuli soci- Solidarity
alizmis ukanaskneli nakvale- solidaroba
vic ki waSala. dRevandeli Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
msoflios saparlamento soci-
alisturi partiebi xels iRe- }'vh'mksr
ben tradiciul socialistur Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
principebze da bazarze orien- Solidarität
tirebul ekonomikas uWeren
mxars. dRes diskusiis sagani Hewrazibun
mxolod is SeiZleba iyos, Tu
ram gamoiwvia socializmis aR- Fluskfhf
sasruli. erTni amboben, rom Àìãàðäçèíàä
amis mizezi liberaluri kapi-
talizmis aSkara upiratesobaa Solidarity
(fukuiama), sxvani amtkiceben, solidaroba
rom muSaTa klasis rigebi SeT- Ñîëiäàðíiñòü
xelda, Tanac muSaTa klasi
depolitizebulic gaxda. asea }'vh'mksr
Tu ise, msoflio mniSvnelov- Ñîëèäàðíîñòü
nad Seicvala da sworedac rom Solidarität
memarjvene mimarTulebiT.
Hewrazibun
Tavad socialistebs ar sje-
raT, rom maTTvis yvelaferi
Fluskfhf
19 Àìãàðäçèíàä
Solidarity
solidaroba