Nervus kranial

Saraf-saraf kranial dalam bahasa latin adalah Nervi Craniales yang berarti kedua belas pasangan
saraf yang berhubungan dengan otak.

13 nervus kranialis

Sensorik:

1,2,7

Motoric:

3,4,11,12

Juga mengandung serabut saraf propioreseptif dari otot otot yang dipersarafinya

Campuran:

5,7,10

Juga mengandung beberapa serabut saraf dari cabang parasimpatis system saraf otonom
Origin nervus kranialis : brain stem

Figure 4.2 is a schematic dorsal view of the brainstem, in which the motor and parasympathetic
cranial nerve nuclei are shown on the right and the somato sensory and special sensory nuclei are
shown on the left. Lateral views showing the anatomical relations of the motor and parasympathetic
nuclei, and of the somatosensory and special sensory nuclei,are foundin Figures 4.3 and 4.4,
respectively. The origin, components, and function of the individual cranial nerves are listedin Table
4.1. Figure 4.5 provides a synoptic view of the sites of emergence of all 12 cranial nerves from the
brainstem, their functional components, and their peripheral sites of origin and
termination.All12cranial nerves are seen in the figure,from (olfactorynerve) to
XII(hypoglossalnerve);it should be borne in mind,however,that the second cranial“nerve”—the optic
nerve—is actually not a peripheral nerve at all, but rather a tract of the central nervous system.
Recall that spinal nerve fibers can be classified as somatic afferent, somatic efferent, vegetative
afferent, and vegetative efferent. The classification of cranial nerve fibers is a little more
complicated, for two reasons. Some of the cranial nerve fibers are special sensory fibers arising from
the sense organs of the head (vision, hearing, taste, smell). Furthermore, some of the efferent
cranial nerve fibers arise in nuclear areas that are embryologically derived from the branchial arches;
these fibers innervate muscles of branchial origin