CONFIDENTIAL, LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE INTEGRATED LANGUAGE SKILLS: LISTENING COURSE CODE ELC120 EXAMINATION MARCH 2015 TIME 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of three (3) parts: PART A (4 Questions) PART B (8 Questions) PART C (1 Question) 2 ‘Answer ALL questions in the Question Paper. 3 Fill in the details below: UITM STUDENT CARD NO. PROGRAMME/CODE PART ENGLISH LANGUAGE GROUP NAME OF LECTURER 4 Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. 5 Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) the Question Paper DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 10 printed pages © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 2 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 PART EADING COMPREHENSION (17 MARKS) Read the passage below and answer all the questions. MN Causes of Tooth Decay Do you know that not brushing your teeth regularly is not the only reason why you have tooth decay? From the time we were young, we have been told not to eat too many sweets because this would lead to dental problems, especially tooth decay. Studies, however show that there are other factors besides consuming too many sweets that cause tooth decay. These factors are explained below. 5 The structure of the tooth, the shape of the jaw, the quality and quantity of saliva are all important factors in determining a good set of teeth. These are some of the reasons why some people are more prone to tooth decay than others. For instance, some teeth may have pits or small cracks that allow bacteria and acids to penetrate more easily. In ‘some cases the structure of the jaw makes it difficult for a person to clean or floss the 10 teeth. Furthermore, the amount of saliva produced and also the quality of the saliva determine the extent to which teeth are exposed to decay. You will find that relatively fewer cavities are found in the lower front part of the mouth where teeth are more in contact with saliva. This is because the saliva helps reduce bacterial activity and the production of acid. 15 Research has revealed that food rich in carbohydrate and starch such as pasta, rice, potato and bread can also lead to tooth decay. This is because starchy food has the potential to produce acid which is the by-product of bacteria in the mouth reacting with the food that is eaten. In addition, studies also show that the acid formation in plaque after eating bread or potato chips is greater. It lasts longer than after eating sweet food. 20 Therefore, you must be aware that each time you nibble food or sip drinks containing carbohydrate, decay causing bacteria present on the teeth start to produce acid and cause the tooth to decay. The physical characteristics of food also influences tooth decay. Food that remains between the teeth increases the risk of tooth decay compared to food that clears from 25 (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 3 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 ‘the mouth quickly. For instance, chips and biscuits stick to the teeth for a longer period of time than food such as creams and jelly. This is because creams and jelly contain soluble sugar that is washed away by the saliva, unlike chips and biscuits which remain in the mouth longer. Consequently, bacteria will create an acidic environment and leach some of the mineral content such as calcium out of the teeth's enamel and 30 leave them exposed to further decay. V_ Apart from food, smoking and certain diseases can also lead to tooth decay. In the case of smokers, tobacco smoke interferes with the production of saliva that keeps the surface of the teeth not only clean but also reduces bacterial attack. People suffering from certain health problems such as diabetes also experience reduction in the 35 production of saliva. As a result, they are more vulnerable to tooth decay and plague build up. VI It is quite obvious that food that is sweet is not the only reason for tooth decay and cavities. Other factors like those mentioned above may have some share in producing cavities in the teeth. Thus, both children and adults must be aware of these factors 40 which can damage the teeth. ‘Adapted from http://www. medicalnewstoday/ QUESTION 1 ‘What do the following words and phrases refer to? a) this (line 3) b) These (line 7) ©) where (line 13) d) which (line 18) e) they (line 36) (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 4 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 QUESTION 2 Write the meaning of each of the following as it is used in the passage. a) allow (line 9) b) produce (line 22) ©) remain (line 28) d) obvious (line 38) (4 marks) QUESTION 3 Write T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false. a) Sweets are the sole cause of tooth decay. b) Acid formation in plaque is lesser when consuming sweet food compared to starchy food. ©) Food that contains soluble sugar is less likely to cause tooth decay. d) The less saliva one has, the less bacteria one produces in the mouth. (4 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 5 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 QUESTION 4 Complete the table with information from the passage. Causes of Tooth Decay Factors J Examples 1.Physical factors, ‘Pits and cracks in the teeth a. b. Quality and quantity of © Shape of the jaw -_ —ceaeteaaiemati — 2.Types of food + Sweets | Carbohydrate and starch © Food that does not contain c. 3. Other factors d. * Serious diseases like diabetes (4 marks) © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 6 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 PART B: READING COMPREHENSION (13 MARKS) Read the passage below and answer all the questions that follow in complete sentences. The Effects of ‘Selfies’ on Youngsters | 'Selfies' have been around for quite a while, but with the presence of social network they have become a rage. The old, the young and celebrities are posting pictures that they take of themselves on popular social networks like Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. With the aid of modem technology, uploading these ‘selfies’ on the social network is done with ease. When ‘selfies’ are posted on the 5 social network, they are there for everyone to see and respond and these responses can affect the young, both positively and negatively. | Most parents believe that ‘seffies’ will do more harm than good to their children. This perception need not be true. A recent study conducted by Common Sense Media has revealed that three out of five teenagers who posted ‘selfies' feel more 10 confident because of the positive responses they get from their friends. Responses like, “you are gorgeous,” and "you look great,” obviously boosted their self-esteem and also their mood. The participants of the study also claimed that they were able to overcome their shyness and feel less introverted when ‘selfies’ were posted on social network sites. 15 Il ‘Selfies’ can also act as a window to understanding adolescent issues. Present day psychiatrists and psychologists are using ‘selfies’ in their therapy sessions, as they provide useful information into understanding the problems youngsters face and ways to address them. In cases where the youngsters find it difficult to speak about certain issues, ‘selfies' posted on the social media help the therapists to 20 identify their problems, which may otherwise go unnoticed. In addition, it also enables the therapists to get acquainted with the youngsters easily. IV Anything that is done moderately, sensibly and rationally will usually not go wrong, This applies to ‘selfies’ too. However, youngsters who overindulge in posting ‘selfies' end up with problems that they cannot handle and manage. According to 25 (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 7 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 Dr. Jessamy Hibberd, youngsters are always seeking approval and attention from their peers. However the “seffie’ trend leaves them vulnerable to abuse because the feedbacks and responses that they get are not always encouraging. Many of them are left shaken by the negative comments that they receive from their peers. Furthermore, these comments undermine their confidence and leave them feeling rejected. Sometimes when the abuse is taken to the extreme, the youngsters encounter cyber bullying, which may result in the development of psychological problems. V___ Apart from overindulging in ‘seffies’, some youngsters post them on social media to market themselves. These ‘selfies’ are usually edited and carry sexual connotations in order to gain attention and recognition. According to psychologist, Lucie Hemmen, people of this nature are not confident and they are insecure. Moreover, they do not know what they really want in life and they also have problems building real relationships. Consequently, they fall into the traps of people who have bad intentions and may end up being hurt both physically and emotionally. VI Posting “selfies’ on the social media need not always be regarded negatively. It can be fun and can give young people satisfaction and confidence. For this to happen, youngsters must be aware of their shortcomings and stop posting 'selfies’ for the wrong reasons. Adapted from http:/ww.nytimes.com/2013 QUESTION 1 How has modern technology made ‘selfies’ popular on social network sites? (1 mark) 30 35 40 45 (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 8 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 QUESTION 2 List two (2) positive effects of ‘selfies’ on youngsters as cited by Common Sense Media (1 mark) QUESTION 3 Provide two (2) reasons why psychiatrists and psychologists use ‘selfies' to treat youngsters. (1 mark) QUESTION 4 The discourse marker ‘However in line 24 connects two ideas. What are these ideas? (2 marks) QUESTION 5 According to the article, negative feedbacks and responses of ‘selfies’ have an impact on youngsters. What are the impacts? (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 9 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 QUESTION 6 In your own words, explain the meaning of the expression, “Consequently, they fall into the traps of people who have bad intentions...” (lines 39-40). (2 marks) QUESTION 7 What is the main idea of paragraph V? (2 marks) QUESTION 8 Posting ‘selfies’ on the social media “can give young people satisfaction and confidence" if done correctly (line 43). Based on the article, how can satisfaction and confidence be achieved? (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 10 LGIMAR 2015/ELC120 PART C: GRAMMAR (10 MARKS) QUESTION 1 Fill each blank with ONE suitable word. What is environmental science and who are environmental scientists? Environmental science 0. is. the study of our environment, our relationship and interaction with other living and non-living things. 1 also studies the impact of human activities on the environment, changes in the environment and the delicate balance of the ecosystems in our environment. Meanwhile, environmental scientists 2. experts who study the environment. They study the environment to see changes and differences that could help make people become aware of what is happening around the world. They have contributed 3 in helping us to understand the negative effects of our activities and technologies on the environment. They have provided us 4 about global warming 5. greenhouse effects. Environmental scientists have also alerted us of the 6. types of pollution namely land, air, water and noise. The role they play in our society has become more 7. since they are making efforts to solve environmental problems via green technology. Many of these scientists are trying endlessly to educate us 8 the advantages and disadvantages of green technology. In the future, they will 9. investors and builders to evaluate the key areas that require this green technology as a way to prevent and rectify damage and pollution. Their expertise will also be needed in policymaking, administration of governments and education around 10. world. ‘Adapted from ‘Environmental Science’, New Straits Times, March 03, 2014. END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,