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    Muhammad Khan Rafiq
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    urdu language

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    urdu language

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    461 views22 pages

    Direct and Indirect Narration

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Khan Rafiq
    urdu language

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 22
    Direct and Indirect Narration Cases of Pronoun | Personage ede gh ob of j Pronouns Subjective Case Possessive Case Objective Case First Person | 1 My Me Pronouns | We ‘Our Us Second 1 Person °| You Your You 7 Pronouns | Ch He His Him Ta Neha Her Her Person They Their Them Pronouns tt Its It Direct & Indirect Narration AEE NEL yh AE 1. Direct speech 2. Indirect speech “ELL tw airect speech ecs Ae pblenSHWMLud fo ét indirect speechitzcbi ne GOAL MAE LU Bee iA whl ni L, 2 aul ne ALL eVGA og ~#teLp reporting speech LL Wel < commas wo ~¢- te Gig reported speech 2.8 b.2i commas ii) He said to me, “tam doing. my work” & Lz Ateporting speech} Gz [reported speech) PL LE Abate Cities AkAépipronouns 3 PYcommas 2 Ug Reporting verb _1 esi S change of certain words 5 eubtenses 4 eit eg SoA Feet cases" UWS AAE. Linc rabik a lomacne Poe 3. Changes in the Personal Pronouns (Hee 1) LALG Ly Lbs, me, my, mine, we, our outs, usrze-fUL Grepiwe ys (i) PERE” Istperson changes according to the subject of reporting speech. L She says to me, "Iam a good teacher." (Direct) She tells me that she is a good teacher." (Indirect) 2. He says, "I live in Multan." (Direct) He says that he lives in Multan, (Indirect) 3, She says, “lam learning my lesson." (Direct) She says that she is learning her lesson. (Indirect) 4, They say, "We are going to school." (Direct) ‘They say that they are going to school. (Indirect) PLAIWE SL Fy 2 i You, Your, Yours x 2EVE Shy! Bays (iid 1. She says to him, "You are not a good teacher." (Direct) She tells him that he is not a good teacher. (Indirect) 2. Isay to him, "You are a good student." (Direct) | tell him that he is a good student. (Indirect) 3. They say to us, "We love you al Direct) They tell us that they love us all. (Indirect) 4. tsay to him, "Your father is a poet." (Direct) I tell him that his father is a poet. (Indirect) _ ULL Aba byou, your, yours G*Second person£2e pine re dle Mads . we? Be thlsALeutthird person L first person /2nd person —_(A) 1. He says, “You are doing your home work." (Direct) He says that | am doing my home work. (Indirect) 2, He says, "You are a good boy.” (Direct) He says that | am a good boy. (Indirect) nb ew L LAF us) mee Aleta leMalefirst person tite ele AL (8) 1, He-says,""I am doing my homework." (Direct) He says that he is doing his homework, (Indirect) 2. He Says, "You are good students.” (Direct) He says that We are good students. (Indirect) be AL AGA STi, its, one, one's, they, he, she, them, his, her #z $7p0L&ep»” {ii 1. He'says to me, "She is a good teacher." (Direct) He tells me'that she is a good teacher. (Indirect) 2. He says, "One should do one's duty. “(Direct) He says that one should do one's duty. (Indirect) 3. He says, “It isa very fine day.” (Direct) He says that it is a very fine day. (Indirect) 4. I say to you, "They are reaching soon." (Direct) ‘tell you that they are reaching soon. (Indirect) EOP AbL Subjects PLE SON' Sey} (al Ast person according to the ‘subject. EAL AL Object HOG asl "SON Beene (8) 2nd person according to the object. hate Stiease tubing! 2a) LAWN AL "SON YF oO “No change” eI Helin We Stee Gi 1. Isay, "Ali, you are a cheat." (Direct) | say to Ali that heis a cheat. (Indirect) 2. He says, "Abid, | am going." (Direct) He says to Abid that he is going, (Indirect) Youle weit Aob Lbs dic Stoute Boat incanh 1 Srolodet inl Pui No binSe 2 1. | You will write aletier, ~eedifvou| 2. | I shall help you. eed F¥ou | EXERCISE NO. 1 He says to me, "I have locked your gate," You say to him, "You have solved my problem", They say to us, "We are reading your books.” She says to-him, "You are my brother,” | say, “Ali, you have done well.” They say to their leader, "You are abusing us.” She says to you, "She is quarrelling with my brother." You say to me, "You did not take tea.” We say to him, "You are misusing your father's money" 10. We say to them, "You are our teacher." 11. Ali says, "One should respect one's elders." 12. He says,."It is raining heavily." 13. Ali says, "Tahir, Lam going." PON OMe wN ee KEEP VISITING TOPSTU DYWORLD FOR4 REASONS «app, 0 Notes KIPS AND OTHER NOTES FOR 9TH, 10TH, 11TH AND 12TH CLASS GREAT MARKS TIPS eo GETTING 94 MARKS IN URDU, AND PAPER ATTEMPTING, ENTRY TEST, FSC EXAMS TIPS Y => BOARD NEWS AND POLICY an BOARD UPDATES, PAPER IMPROVEMENT, CANCELLATION || POLICIES ETC IN EASY WORDS ERE FREE SUPPORT Q ARE YOU BROKEN? ARE YOU FINDING THE SOLUTION TO YOUR PROBLEM? DO YOU WANT TO KNOW ANYTHING RELATED TO STUDY? WE WILL BE HAPPY TO HELP YOU! YOU ARE GOOD TO GO! Stay safe WEBSITE: WWW.TOPSTUDYWORLD.COM FREE SUPPORT: FB.COM/TOPSTUDYWORLD & CEO@TOPSTUDYWORLD.COM A They say to us, "We are your neighbours.” 1S say, "He has done his duty." 4. Change In Tenses (475213) (Ue Future indefinite G8UP*1 Present indefinite Sete le ASE A ade! Kefinshded th ehittense L(G Pe Le Pd Af bel La eel ete AL vat He says, "I go to school." (Direct) He says that he goes to school.” (Indirect) He will say, "I went to school." (Direct) He will say that he went to school. (Indirect) EL pr LAM vba perry Pb M Gp 2e pram LOU LL 0 eh 2A le Be bebtithat/t, Commas 3b ion tit. 1. Hé said "Honesty is the best policy.” (Direct) He said that honesty is the best policy. (Indirect) 2. Isaid, "The earth is round" (Direct) [said that the earth is round. (Indirect) Past Indefinite Pur/( ook verb)(Past indefinite) MAL Se wie ok ace ee Lenin Sverb) 43 1. Hesaid, "| write a letter." (Direct) He said that he wrote a letter. (Indirect) Past Perfect HstM(-ig-auSverb) (Past Indefinite) MAL Le inh oug/ aA lei Pre th ruthaddte (oat -duverb) 1. He said, “iwrote letter.” (Direct) He said that he had written a letter. (Indirect) SPELL RLE Lhe BLL Siig piSverb trun Pin tS Sy ony Bae tlhe loud Change in Tenses From To 1. [1s,am, are Was, were 2, | Was, Were Had been | 3. | will, shall Would | 4 [can Could } 5. | May ht 6._[ Has, Have Had 7. | Do, Does, Did 8. | Did Had + past participle (3° verb) 9._ | Root form of Verb (1* verb} Participle (2 verb) | 10. | Participle (2 verb) Had + past participle (3° verb) ‘Change in certain Words From To 1. [This That | 2. | Now Then 3. | Here There 4. | Thus So 5. | Today That day uf 6. | Tomorrow ‘The next day 7._| Yesterday The day before / The previous day 8._| Last Night The night before / Previous night 9._| Ago Before 10. | Tonight That night ~etkb/ Ph dsallright, hello, well, yes,no 1 £U said »!-

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