ÐñáêôéêÜ 5ïõ ÐáíåëëÞíéïõ Óõìðüóéïõ Ùêåáíïãñáößáò & Áëéåßáò, 1997 209

ËÉÈÏÓÔÑÙÌÁÔÏÃÑÁÖÉÊÏ ÐËÁÉÓÉÏ ÄÕÍÁÌÉÊÇÓ ÉÆÇÌÁÔÏÃÅÍÅÓÇÓ

ÓÔÏ ÍÁ ÁÉÃÁÉÏ
ÊïõìïõôóÜêïõ Ï. êáé ÁíáóôáóÜêçò Ã.
Ôïì. Éóôïñ. Ãåùëïãßáò & Ðáëáéïíôïëïãßáò, Ôì. Ãåùëïãßáò, Ð.Á. Ðáíåðéóôçìéïýðïëç, ÁèÞíá

ABSTRACT
Koumoutsakos O. and Anastasakis G., 1997. Lithostratigraphic framework of dynamic sedimentation in the SE Aegean Sea.

The lithostratigraphic framework of three long cores recovered in the SE Aegean Sea has revealed high sedimentation rates. More
specifically, sediment accumulation rates in the basins of Kamilonisi and Karpathos display discrete differentiation within a short
stratigraphic interval. The sedimentation rates above the sapropel S1 display close similarities. This trend soon ceases and sedimen-
tation rates in the Karpathos basin display a two fold and three fold increase between the sapropel sequences S3-S4 and S4-S5
respectively. This is attributed to an intensive Upper Quaternary tectonic phase of the Karpathos basin.

ÅÉÓÁÃÙÃÇ
Ï êýñéïò óêïðüò ôçò åñãáóßáò áõôÞò åßíáé ç ðåñéãñáöÞ ôïõ ëéèïóôñùìáôïãñáöéêïý ðëáéóßïõ ôùí óçìáíôéêþí
äéáöïñïðïéÞóåùí ôçò éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò ëüãù ôåêôïíéêÞò äñáóôçñéüôçôáò óôéò äýï âáèýôåñåò ëåêÜíåò ôïõ ÍÁ Áéãáßïõ,
ôç ëåêÜíç ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ôç ëåêÜíç ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ.

ÕËÉÊÁ ÊÁÉ ÌÅÈÏÄÏÉ

Ïé ðõñÞíåò ðïõ åîåôÜæïíôáé ðñïÝñ÷ïíôáé áðü ôç ëåêÜíç ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ (LC19) êáé ôç ëåêÜíç ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ
(LC20). Ïé ðõñÞíåò áõôïß åëÞöèçóáí êáôÜ ôïí ðëïõ “Marion Dufresne Cruise 81” óôá ðëáßóéá ôïõ ðñïãñÜììáôïò
MASTII PALAEOFLUX. Ï ðõñÞíáò LC21 åëÞöèåé áðü ôï ýâùìá ðïõ ÷ùñßæåé ôéò äýï ëåêÜíåò (÷Üñôçò. 1).
Ôá ðëáíãêôïíéêÜ ôñçìáôïöüñá ôáîéíïìÞèçêáí ìå âÜóç ôçí êëåßäá (dycothomic key) ãéá ôá ãÝíç ôïõ Ôñéôïãåíïýò
êáé ôïõ Ôåôáñôïãåíïýò. Ôá éæÞìáôá êáé ïé óáðñïðçëïß ÷ñïíïëïãÞèçêáí ìå âÜóç ôá ðëáíãêôïíéêÜ ôñçìáôïöüñá (Cita
et al., 1975 & 1982) åíþ ôá íáííïáðïëéèþìáôá êáôåôÜãçóáí óôç ó÷çìáôéêÞ ðáñÜóôáóç æùíþí ôïõ Martini (1971). Ôá
ðÝíôå åßäç ôïõ Á. Ðëåéóôïêáßíïõ E. huxleyi, G. muellerae, G. aperta, G. caribbeanica êáé P. lacunosa äéáêñßèçêáí
óýìöùíá ìå ôéò ìåèüäïõò ôùí Weaver (1983) êáé Kidd et al. (1983). Ïé êïêêïìåôñéêÝò áíáëýóåéò Ýãéíáí ìå ôï óýóôçìá
Sedigraph 5100v.3.0. Ôá áíèñáêéêÜ ðñïóäéïñßóôçêáí ìå ôç ìÝèïäï ôçò “Büìâáò ôïõ ¢íèñáêá” (Muller & Gastner,
1971) êáé áíüñãáíïò êáé ïñãáíéêüò Üíèñáêáò ìåôñÞèçêáí åðßóçò óå óôïé÷åéáêü áíáëõôÞ EA1108 CHNS-O ôçò Fissons.

ÐÅÑÉÃÑÁÖÇ
Óôïí ðõñÞíá LC19, ôï óáðñïðçëü S1 óõíáíôÜìå óôá 6 ðåñßðïõ ìÝôñá âÜèïò. ÐÜíù áðü ôïí S1 ìåôñÞèçêáí Ýîé
ïñßæïíôåò éæçìÜôùí âáñõôéêÞò ìåôáöïñÜò ðÜ÷ïõò 30-60cm êáé Ýíá ðÜ÷ïõò ðåñßðïõ 90cm. Äýï ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ åðåéóüäéá
ðñïçãÞèçêáí ôïõ óáðñïðçëïý S1. Óôá 9,5ì. ðáñáôçñïýíôáé ëåðôÜ óôñþìáôá ôÝöñáò. ÌÝ÷ñé ôï óáðñïðçëü S3, ï ðçëüò
äéáêüðôåôáé áðü ðïëëÜ ëåðôÜ óôñþìáôá ëåðôÞò Üììïõ êáé áðü Ýíá ôïõñâéäéôéêü óôñþìá óôá 11ì. Ïìïßùò, ìåôáîý ôùí
S4 êáé S5 õðÜñ÷ïõí åíáëëáãÝò áðü ëåðôÜ óôñþìáôá ëåðôüêïêêùí Üììùí - éëýïò. Óå âÜèïò 20-21ì. ðáñáôçñÞèçêå
ôïõñâéäßôçò êáé Ýíá óôñþìá ôÝöñáò. Ïé óáðñïðçëïß êáé ïé ôÝöñåò ôïõ ðõñÞíá LC19 ðáñïõóéÜæïõí éæçìáôïäïìÝò êáé
÷áñáêôçñéóôéêÜ åðáíáúæçìáôïãÝíåóçò.
Ï ðõñÞíáò LC21 èá ìðïñïýóå íá ÷áñáêôçñéóôåß ãåíéêÜ óáí Ýíáò áäéáôÜñáêôïò ðåëáãéêüò ðõñÞíáò. Óôá 1,4-1,8ì
âÜèïò ç ðáíßäá ôùí èåñìþí íåñþí êáé ôá ðïëëÜ èñáýóìáôá ôùí ðôåñïðüäùí ÷áñáêôçñßæïõí ôï óáðñïðçëü S1. Ôá
íáííïáðïëéèþìáôá áíÞêïõí áðïêëåéóôéêÜ óôç æþíç ôçò E. huxleyi. Ï óáðñïðçëüò óôá 6,8-7ì. âÜèïò åßíáé ï S3 (G.
ruber, G. siphonifera, N. acostaensis, G. praecalida, G. elongatus êáé O. universa, G. inflata, G. pyramidalis, G. scitula
êáé G. bulloides). Óôá 8ì. âÜèïò, ç ðáíßäá (G. ruber, G. siphonifera, N. acostaensis, G. praecalida, G. elongatus êáé O.
universa), åíäåéêôéêÞ ôùí èåñìþí íåñþí, åßíáé ç ôõðéêÞ ôïõ óáðñïðçëïý S4. Óôá 9,4-10,9ì. ôïõ ðõñÞíá ðåñéÝ÷ïíôáé
äýï óôñþìáôá ôÝöñáò ìå êüêêïõò êßóóçñçò, ìéêñÝò âåëüíåò óðüããùí êáé ðëáíãêôïíéêÜ ôñçìáôïöüñá èåñìþí íåñþí
(G. tenellus, G. ruber, G. rubescens, G. obliquus obliquus, G. praecalida). Óôïí ßäéï óáðñïðçëü, ôïí S5, ðáñáôçñÞèç-
êáí Üëëá äýï óôñþìáôá ôÝöñáò.
Óôïí ðõñÞíá LC20 ðÜíù áðü ôï óáðñïðçëü S1, Ý÷ïõí åíáðïôåèåß Ýîé ïñßæïíôåò áììùäþí éëýùí ìå ðÜ÷ïò áðü 4
Ýùò 120cm êáé ìå ìÝóåò äéáìÝôñïõò 5,2-29ìm. Ï óáðñïðçëüò S1 ðåñéÝ÷åé èñáýóìáôá ðôåñïðüäùí êáé ôñçìáôïöüñá
210
ôá ïðïßá êáôáãñÜöïíôáé óôï åíäéÜìåóï óôñþìá (ðÜ÷ïõò 20cm) ìå õøçëü ðïóïóôü (40-63%) óå áíèñáêéêÜ (ó÷. 2).
Ôïõ óáðñïðçëïý S1 ðñïçãÞèçêå ìßá åíáëëáãÞ óôñùìÜôùí éëýùí (ìÝóçò äéáìÝôñïõ 1,3 Ýùò 2,2ìm) êáé óôñùìÜôùí
(ðÜ÷ïõò ëßãùí åêáôïóôþí) áììùäþí éëýùí (äéáìÝôñïõ êüêêùí 3,51-63ìm). Óôá 8,8ì. ôïõ ðõñÞíá, Ýíá åðáíåðåîåñ-
ãáóìÝíï óôñþìá áðü ðïëý ÷ïíäñüêïêêç éëý (31ìm) Ýùò ëåðôÞ Üììï (98,2ìm) êáé õøçëü ðåñéå÷üìåíï óå áíèñáêéêÜ
áêïëïõèåßôáé áðü éëõþäç ðçëü ìå ðïëý ëåðôÜ óôñþìáôá Üììùí (ðÜ÷ïõò ÷éëéïóôþí). Ï ãêñßæïò ðçëüò ðïõ áêïëïõèåß,
ìÝ÷ñé ôï óáðñïðçëü S3, äéáêüðôåôáé óõ÷íÜ áðü ëåðôÜ óôñþìáôá ÷ïíäñüêïêêçò éëýïò Ýùò ëåðôüêïêêçò Üììïõ (15-
84,1ìm) ìå ìéêñÝò äïìÝò âéïáíáìü÷ëåõóçò åíþ Ýíá ìéêñü óôñþìá óôá 12,2-12,6ì. ôïõ ðõñÞíá ðáñïõóéÜæåé õøçëÞ
ìáãíçôéêÞ åðéäåêôéêüôçôá êáé ÷áìçëü % ðåñéå÷üìåíï óå áíèñáêéêÜ. Ï óáðñïðçëüò S3 áêïëïõèåßôáé áðü ãêñßæï ðçëü
ìå åíóôñþóåéò ëåðôüêïêêùí-ìåóüêïêêùí Üììùí êáé äýï ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ åðåéóüäéá ðÜ÷ïõò 17 êáé 47cm. Ôá äåßãìáôá
óôá 15ì âÜèïò ôïõ ðõñÞíá ðåñéÝ÷ïõí ðáíßäá åíäåéêôéêÞ øõ÷ñþí õäÜôùí.

×Üñôçò 1. Ãåíéêüò ÷Üñôçò ôçò âõèïìåôñßáò êáé ôùí èÝóåùí ðõñçíïëçøßáò óôï ÍÁ Áéãáßï. Ôá üñéá ôùí ëåêáíþí ôïõ
Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ êáèïñßæïíôáé áðü ôçí éóïâáèÞ ôùí 2000ì.

Ç áðüèåóç ôïõ óáðñïðçëïý S4 äéåêüðçêå áðü ìéêñÜ ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ åðåéóüäéá êáé áêïëïýèçóå áðüèåóç ìéêñïý
óôñþìáôïò ôÝöñáò (2cm). ÐïëëÜ óôñþìáôá ôÝöñáò ðáñáôçñïýíôáé óôá 18-20,6ì âÜèïò ôïõ ðõñÞíá ìå åíáëëáãÝò
óôñùìÜôùí ëåðôüêïêêçò Üììïõ (62,3-92,6ìm) êáé ìéêñïý ðÜ÷ïõò ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ óôñþìáôá ìå ìåôáâáôéêÝò Þ áðüôïìåò
åðáöÝò êáé äéáâáèìéóìÝíåò óôñþóåéò êáíïíéêÝò Þ áíÜóôñïöåò.
Ï S5, âñÝèçêå óå âÜèïò 20,6ì., Ý÷åé ðÜ÷ïò 80cm ðåñßðïõ êáé äéáêüðôåôáé áðü ëåðôÜ (ðÜ÷ïõò ëßãùí ÷éëéïóôþí)
óôñþìáôá ëåðôüêïêêùí Üììùí (87ìm) Þ ôñçìáôïöüñùí. ÊÜôù áðü ôïí S5 áêïëïõèåß ìßá áëëçëïõ÷ßá ãêñßæùí ðçëþí
êáé äéáâáèìéóìÝíùí óôñùìÜôùí ôÝöñáò.
ÌÝ÷ñé ôá 7ì. âÜèïò ðõñÞíá èåùñåßôáé ôï äéÜóôçìá 1 ôùí êïêêïëßèùí, åíþ ôá äýï ôåëåõôáßá äåßãìáôá áðü ôá 21ì.
âÜèïò ôïõ ðõñÞíá êáé êÜôù äåß÷íïõí ôï íåüôåñï ôìÞìá ôïõ óôáäßïõ 3 ôùí êïêêïëßèùí.

ÓÕÆÇÔÇÓÇ
Ç ëéèïóôñùìáôïãñáößá ôïõ Ôåôáñôïãåíïýò ôçò ÁíáôïëéêÞò Ìåóïãåßïõ áðïôåëåß ðáãêüóìéï ðñüôõðï áêñßâåéáò
êáé óõó÷Ýôéóçò. Ðñüóöáôåò áíáêáëýøåéò (ð.÷. Thomson et al, 1995) åíáðïèÝôïõí ôï óôñùìáôïãñáöéêü ðÝñáò áêüìá
êáé ôïõ ðåñéóóüôåñï ãíùóôïý óáðñïðçëïý, ôïõ S1 (Anastasakis & Stanley, 1986), óôá 5,2-5,414Cky. Ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü ïé
ñõèìïß éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò óôçí åñãáóßá áõôÞ áíáöÝñïíôáé óå óôñùìáôïãñáöéêü åðßðåäï óáðñïðçëþí êáé ü÷é óå áðüëõôá
÷ñïíïóôñùìáôïãñáöéêÜ üñéá êáèþò áõôÜ óõíå÷þò ìåôáâÜëëïíôáé.
ÐÜíù áðü ôï óáðñïðçëü S1 óôïõò ðõñÞíåò LC21, LC19 êáé LC20 Ý÷ïõí åíáðïôåèåß 140, 570 êáé 260cm éæÞìáôïò
áíôßóôïé÷á. Ç õøçëüôåñç éæçìáôïãÝíåóç óôïí ðõñÞíá LC19 ïöåßëåôáé êýñéá óå äýï, ìåãÜëïõ ðÜ÷ïõò, óôñþìáôá âáñýôçôáò
(Ta-Te ôçò óåéñÜò Bouma-Piper). Áîéïóçìåßùôï åßíáé ôï ãåãïíüò üôé êáé ïé äýï ðõñÞíåò LC21 êáé LC20 ðïõ ðñïÝñ÷ïíôáé
áðü ôéò ëåêÜíåò Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ÊáñðÜèïõ áíôßóôïé÷á åìöáíßæïõí ðÜíù áðü ôï óáðñïðçëü S1 Ýîé ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ
óôñþìáôá. Ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí S1 êáé S3 Ý÷ïõí åíáðïôåèåß 48, 94 êáé 101cm éæÞìáôïò óôïõò ðõñÞíåò LC21, LC19
êáé LC20 áíôßóôïé÷á. ÐáñÜ ôï üôé ïé ðõñÞíåò LC19 êáé LC20 äßíïõí ðáñüìïéïõò ñõèìïýò éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò óôï äéÜóôçìá
áõôü, ïé ðõñÞíåò áõôïß äéáöïñïðïéïýíôáé óçìáíôéêÜ óôïí áñéèìü ôùí ôïõñâéäéôéêþí óôñùìÜôùí ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷ïõí. Ï ðõñÞíáò
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LC19 ðåñéÝ÷åé 16 óôñþìáôá, åíþ ï ðõñÞíáò LC20 ðåñéëáìâÜíåé 75 ìéêñïóôñþìáôá âáñýôçôáò. Ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí
S3 êáé S4 Ý÷ïõí åíáðïôåèåß 62, 111 êáé 224cm óôïõò ðõñÞíåò LC21, LC19 êáé LC20 áíôßóôïé÷á.
Ïé ðõñÞíåò LC19 êáé LC20 ðáñïõóéÜæïõí ìåãÜëç äéáöïñïðïßçóç óôï ñõèìü êáé óôïõò ìç÷áíéóìïýò éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò.
Ìüíï óôïí ðõñÞíá LC20 áíáãíùñßóôçêáí 17 ôïõñâéäéêÜ óôñþìáôá. Ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí S4 êáé S5 Ý÷ïõí
åíáðïèåôåß 60, 85 êáé 249cm óôïõò ðõñÞíåò LC21, LC19 êáé LC20 áíôßóôïé÷á. Óôï ÷ñïíïóôñùìáôïãñáöéêü áõôü äéÜ-
óôçìá áíáãíùñßóôçêáí 5 êáé 10 ôïõñâéäéôéêÜ óôñþìáôá óôïõò ðõñÞíåò LC19 êáé LC20 áíôßóôïé÷á.

ÓÕÌÐÅÑÁÓÌÁÔÁ
Ïé ñõèìïß éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò óôéò ëåêÜíåò ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ÊáñðÜèïõ ðáñïõóéÜæïõí óçìáíôéêÞ äéáöïñïðïßçóç
êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôïõ ¢íù Ôåôáñôïãåíïýò. Ïé ëåêÜíåò áõôÝò Ý÷ïõí äéáöïñåôéêÝò ðåñéï÷Ýò ôñïöïäïóßáò éæÞìáôïò ðïõ
äéáöïñïðïéÞèçêáí óçìáíôéêÜ êáôÜ ôï äéÜóôçìá ôïõ ¢íù Ôåôáñôïãåíïýò ðïõ êáëýðôïõí ïé ðõñÞíåò.
1) ÐáñÜ ôç óçìáíôéêÞ äéáöïñïðïßçóç ôùí ñõèìþí éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò ðÜíù áðü ôï óáðñïðçëü S1, ç
ëéèïóôñùìáôïãñáöéêÞ êïëþíá óôéò ëåêÜíåò Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ÊáñðÜèïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ôïí ßäéï áñéèìü óôñùìÜôùí
âáñýôçôáò. Áõôü áðïôåëåß óçìáíôéêÞ Ýíäåéîç üôé ôï ãåùôåêôïíéêü êáèåóôþò ôçò åõñýôåñçò ðåñéâÜëëïõóáò
ðåñéï÷Þò ôùí äýï ëåêáíþí Þôáí ðáñüìïéï.
2) ÊáôÜ ôï äéÜóôçìá ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí S1 êáé S3 ðáñÜ ôï üôé óôéò ëåêÜíåò ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ êáé ôçò
ÊáñðÜèïõ ðáñáôçñïýíôáé ðáñüìïéïé ñõèìïß éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò, ï áñéèìüò ôùí óôñùìÜôùí âáñýôçôáò óôç ëåêÜíç
ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ åßíáé ðåñßðïõ ðåíôáðëÜóéïò. Áõôü áðïôåëåß Ýíäåéîç üôé ç ãýñù ðåñéï÷Þ ôçò ëåêÜíçò ôçò
ÊáñðÜèïõ åéóÞëèå óå ìßá öÜóç Ýíôïíïõ ôåêôïíéóìïý.

Ó÷. 1. Ëéèïóôñùìáôïãñáöéêüò óõó÷åôéóìüò ôùí ôñéþí ðõñÞíùí ôïõ ÍÁ Áéãáßïõ. 1. Ðåëáãéêüò ðçëüò, 2. Ðçëüò, 3.
¢ììïò, 4. Óáðñïðçëüò, 5. ÔÝöñá, 6. Êåíü, 7. Ëåðôü óôñþìá Üììïõ.

3) ÊáôÜ ôï äéÜóôçìá ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí S3 êáé S4 ç ðñïçãïýìåíç ôåêôïíéêÞ öÜóç ãßíåôáé ðéü Ýíôïíç óôç
ëåêÜíç ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ. Óáí áðïôÝëåóìá Þôáí, ïé ñõèìïß éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò íá äéðëáóéáóôïýí óõãêñéôéêÜ ìå ôïõò
ñõèìïýò éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò ôçò ëåêÜíçò ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ.
4) Ôï ãåùôåêôïíéêü êáèåóôþò áõôü óõíå÷ßóôçêå êáé Ýãéíå åíôïíüôåñï ìåôáîý ôùí óáðñïðçëþí S4 êáé S5.
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Ó÷Þìá 2. ÌåôáâïëÝò ôçò ìÝóçò äéáìÝôñïõ, ôïõ % ðïóïóôïý ôùí áíèñáêéêþí êáé ôçò ìáãíçôéêÞò
åðéäåêôéêüôçôáò êáôÜ ìÞêïò ôïõ ðõñÞíá LC20.
ÁðïôÝëåóìáÞôáí ïé ñõèìïß éæçìáôïãÝíåóçò óôç ëåêÜíç ôçò ÊáñðÜèïõ íá åßíáé ôñéðëÜóéïé áðü ü,ôé óôç ëåêÜíç
ôïõ Êáìçëïíçóßïõ.

ÅÕ×ÁÑÉÓÔÉÅÓ
Ôï ðñüãñáììá áõôü Ýãéíå óôá ðëáßóéá ôïõ ðñïãñÜììáôïò MAST2-CT-005/12 êáé ÷ñçìáôïäïôÞèçêå áðü ôçí Å.Å.
ôçí ïðïßá åõ÷áñéóôïýìå èåñìÜ. Åðßóçò, èåñìÜ åõ÷áñéóôïýìå ôéò G. Kahler êáé M. Dossi áðü ôï Inst. of Oceanogr. Sciences
ôçò Ì. Âñåôáíßáò êáé ôï ÐáíåðéóôÞìéï ôïõ ÌéëÜíïõ áíôßóôïé÷á ãéá ôéò ìéêñïðáëáéïíôïëïãéêÝò áíáëýóåéò.

ÂÉÂËÉÏÃÑÁÖÉÁ
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