1.

Model 1
a. # of hares (in thousands)
b. # of lynx (in thousands)
c. 103 , which is 1000
2. 160 (x1000) = 160,000
3. 4-5 (x1000) = 4-5,000
4. In 1885, horseshoe hare population was about 135,000 (way above average) the lynx population
was 6,000 (also way above average). This trend continues for all years sampled. The trend being
that when the hare population is high so is the lynx.
5. In 1990, hare population was only 10,000 (way below average). The lynx population in 1900 was
2,000 (also way below average). The same trend follows suit. As hare population declines so
does the lynx population.
6. An obvious relationship is that lynx eat hares. As the population of hares increase, the available
food supply for lynx increases making it easier for the lynx population to support young. This
causes the lynx population to increase with the hare population. But when lynx populations get
too big they overeat. This causes the hare population to dwindle.
7. The information tells us:
a. Prey population size causes the predator population to rise.
b. The predator population causes the hare population to shrink.
8. There is an increase in competition over available food, shelter, and mates (among others like
disease spreading, etc.).
9. Model 2
a. Fleas benefit, dogs don’t
b. Dogs are harmed
c. Tapeworm and humans
10. Model 2
a. Both organisms benefit
b. No
c. Termite and bacteria
11. Model 2
a. Benefit goes to the remora
b. No
c. Cattle and the egret
12. .

Parasitism

Mutualism

Mutualism

Commensalism

Commensalism

Parasitism

13. Your justification will be unique but you should provide an explanation based upon the
definitions of the symbiosis and the information in the chart. Mutualism means both parties
benefit, commensalism means one benefits and the other is not harmed not benefits, and
parasitism means one benefits and the other suffers.
14. P. Aurelia and P. caudatum
15. Graph B
16. Graph A (& C, technically)
17. In Graph A they are grown separately, in Graph B they are grown together.
18. P. Aurelia
19. Is 20% significant? Technically, yes. But for our purposes, not really.
20. Model 3. Graphs A & B
a. P. caudatum
b. P. Aurelia is more successful than P. caudatum when they are placed in a competitive
environment because… (your answers will vary).
21. Interspecific competition is competition between 2 different organisms.
22. Model 3. Graph C
 a. A species of frog.
b. Most likely, food since size is the dependent variable
23. Just below 0.8 grams (g)
24. 2 ½ weeks
25. 6 ½ weeks
26. Over 8 weeks
27. Most likely, the tadpoles do not get enough nutrients to obtain the minimum body mass
necessary for metamorphosis when there is too much competition.
28. Graph B is the competition between two species. One will win and one will lose. In Graph C,
there is only one species competing. The more of that organism causes a more dramatic effect
on competition.
29. B. rigidus is more successful when planted “head-to-head” with B. madritensis. However, when
madritensis is allowed to establish itself (allowed to develop for 30 days) it has consumed
enough area, enough resources, or otherwise is strong enough to outcompete rigidus. This
accounts for why rigidus dominates when planted at the same time but is completely dominated
when planted after 30 days of madritensis growth.

Planted at the
same time,
rigidus
dominates.

Planted 30
days later,
rigidus can’t
compete with
madritensis.