Question 3 (2014 Kedah)

Form 5 Chapter 5: Chemicals for Consumers

Soap is not effective in hard water.
Detergent is effective in hard water.
Sabun tidak berkesan dalam air liat.
Detergen berkesan dalam air liat.
Plan a laboratory experiment to prove the above statement of effectiveness of soap and detergent
in the cleansing action.
Rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk membuktikan perntayaan di atas tentang keberkesanan
sabun dan detergen dalam tindakan pencucian.
Your planning should include the following aspects:
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek yang berikut :
(a) Problem statement (Pernyataan masalah)
(b) All the variables (Semua pemboleh ubah)
(c) Hypothesis (Hipotesis)
(d) Lists of materials and apparatus (Senarai bahan dan radas)
(e) Procedure (Prosedur)
7 SPMSureSkor.com
(f) Tabulation of data (Penjadualan data)
[17 marks]
Suggested Answer:
(a) Is soap more effective than detergent for cleansing action in hard water?
(b) Manipulated variable: Detergent, soap
Responding variable: Effectiveness of cleansing action
Controlled variable: Hard water // mass / volume of detergent and soap // volume of water
(c) Detergent is more effective than soap in hard water.
(d) Materials:
1. Dirty cloth / socks
2. Soap and detergent
3. Spoon and spatula
Apparatus:
1. Beaker / basin
2. Measuring cylinder
3. Spoon / spatula
(e) 1. Pour 100-200 ml of hard water into a beaker.
2. Add/put 1-2 spoon of detergent into the beaker.
3. Soak/dip a dirty cloth in the beaker.
4. Leave for 30 minutes.
5. Record the observation.
6. Repeat steps 1-5 using soap.
(f)
Type of Cleaning Agent Observation/Effectiveness
Detergent
Soap