Success Finding ajob Vocabulary development 1 > cB / Collocations: adjectives + nouns 1 Complete each sentence with an adjective from A and a noun from B. A high impressive long main strong wide 8 CV hours _preerehce _priorty rie 1 ly have a(n jor duate 5 Preferably, this would be d work very er, first order to get an Collocations: verbs + nouns 2 Choose the correct answers, Ever since I (1) pu / set my heart on becoming an architect at the age of six, I have (2) taken / done it very seriously and (3) made / put a lot of effort into following my dreams. I have had to (4) overcome / win a lot of setbacks along the way in order to (8) take / gain expertise in my field. If I’m going to (6) reach / achieve ‘my aims, I will have to (7) seize / catch every ‘opportunity that comes up and (8) make / do as many useful contacts as I possibly can, Phrasal verbs and expressions with take 3 Word formation: 4 Complete each sentence with a word from A and a preposition from B. The prepositions may be used more than once. adjectives and nouns Complete the sentences with words for.. 2d from the words in brackets. 1A (ou apply) will 2 Good (quali ‘ot enough; there ust be som: (evident) that you are genuinely interest) in the job. 3 To avoid disappoint), you neeUse of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 2 EXPERT STRATEGY 1 HELP. > Q4 EXPERT LANGUAGE } Module 1 Finding a job Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning, Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap, Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or ) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Work placements Work placements give dge of the articular industry, placements 2 an oppé vo) with mat (2) and being part ofa tea (On some UK degree courses, year-long work placements are a compulsory course (3) The fren (4) to as ‘sandwich placements’ because they take place between the second and final years of study. On other courses, students can opt to do ight module if they wish, Even where tudents often arrange placements fo themselves in the summer holidays for a work placement can be as competitive as apply nt job and many UK companies now hold formal interviews, o) paid employment, however, work placements arent covered by employment legislation, so students should always ensure that the (8) — and conditions are agreed in writing beforehand, 0 Agair Bearr Diorm 1 Amake B get Dhave 2 Areaching ——_B succeed Carving D meeting 3 Altem B matter Celement issue 4 Arefered Cregarded mentioned 5 instead C rather D substitute 6 Atruth Ciact D case 7 A Opposite C Unlike D Contrary 8 Arles Claws D codes Mixed verb forms 3 Complete the text verbs in brackets be possible, n the correct forn =a Perfect and simple forms 1 Choose the correct answers. Two young people talk about doing work placements Stella a 4 : @) 5 (3) (4) . ©) Perfect, simple and continuous forms (6) 2 Complete the ¥ ) the verbs in the box. Us ~ ) pair of sentences (9) (10) b Luke 2 ) b (12) . (13) b ° (14) (15) . (16) ° 17) (18) cS) (20)Finding a job (Paper 1 Part 2) 1 Read dl whole text quickly to get the general meaning 2 Read the text in carefully and think about the type of 3. Do the task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it mak complete sense For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) My dream career (0) a) @ (3) (4) (9) © (7) ® pipe Arson ry(Paper 3 Part 1) 1 Read the\nstructions and the context sentences in the task and answer the question 1 2 ad xt sentence and questions for Extract One, How do you find out about the topic and the speaker 3 Do the You will hear three differen s. For g (A,B or C) which fits best according tions for each extrac Extract One You hear two law graduates talking about their education and choi 1 Extrac hear part of an inter recent gradual 4 Extract You hear pi ission programme about career chLearning experiences Vocabulary development 2 > cB Feelings 1a Replace the words in bold with a word from the box. Add a preposition if necessary, daunted distracted frustrated motivated overwhelmed tense apprehensive intimidated 1 I was a bit nervous and unable to relax when | was learning to ride. | felt worried and not confident because of the instructor and in the end, | dropped out of the class 2 He was a responsible, hard-working and enthusiastic student but he would sometimes ~e unable to concentrate during the lessons. He ‘ound it hard to take in all the new information first. 3 She was a bit worried that she wouldn't do well nhnen she ftst joined the class because she'd never done anything like it before. She refused to be discouraged, though, and against the managed to keep up with the rest ofthe students 4 My first week doing computer studies made me feel upset because I didn't do well and totally unable to cope with the amount of new information. It put ompletely Find phrasal verbs in Exercise 1a that match these ‘meanings. 1 stay at the same level 2 understand and rememt le me not want to ped going, Teaching and learning 2 Complete the definitions with words from the box. coaches instructors lecturers professors teachers tyainers tutors 1 are teachers of the highest rank ina British university 2 give lessons to just one student ar to small group 3 ____help people learn a sport or a practical skill 4 usually work in a schoo! 5. teach in a British university help a person or team to improve in teach people the skills they need for Collocations 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 was hopeless in /at everything | did to begin with and continually on / by edge 2 I tied to learn vocabulary at / by heart but | was incapable of for remembering anything the'next da 3 | used to get impatient to / with myself. I different from / by anything else fd done. 4 Because it wasrit at al similar to /as the way | learnt asa child, fet on / under pressure 5 Atfirst| felt depressed for /by my la in { on the subject. 6 | was a bit half-hearted about / of going not at all nspired with / by the teacher f progress Complete the text with words from the box. clear top investment value key outcomes pay status What makes a good school? ‘A recent report on the best global education systems ‘concluded that in (1) -ranking countries such as Finland and South Korea, there is no (2) correlation between good (3) for teachers and better educational performance. However, it was noted that in these countries, teachers tend to have a high (4)__ in society. In addition, the most successful countries educationally fund each community equally, whether they are poor or affluent. There is also heavy (8)___ in teacher education and a high © is placed on learning by both society and parents. The aim of the study was to help policy makers ‘and school leaders identify the (7)___ issues, leading to successful educational (8) — rewebsite itself doesn’t comment on the pattern, and its he AP subject choice influences students ubject. Some of those opting for AP poetry, in other may still become engineers. Indeed, it would be nice ‘dream — that some far-minded teenagers are deliberately using the AP exam to enhance their communication civic knowledge of the American constitution before they become scientists n truth, though, | suspect c he rat most Does the USA need more computer students ae picking English and history because it seems an scientists and engineers? Or does it 8y thing to do, given the slant of ther prior education (or the actually require people who understand education of the parents who are helping them study). | would political history and prose? also bet that very few humanities students are being steered owa ulus and physics just for fun’ in high sc western society more broadly, science as 3 an aura of exclusivity rly age A Each summer, thousands of fra in the USA endure But frankly, that is @ tragedy high school exam season. For the toughest allenge revolves around the so-called Advanced Placement, or o AP tests. In theory, these are voluntary, supplementary exams, Speaking for myself, I've spent my life embe which were devised six decades ago to let talented teenagers humanities: after doing English, French, maths and art at perience introductory college wark. In practice, however, the school, | did degrees in social anthropology before be fight to get into American colleges is now so competitive tha journalis af that background — or rather, becau more and more kids are being pushed into taking these exams, In of it—'m keenly aware of the value af STEM subjects. indeed, 2012, more than two million students took 3.7 million AP tests, wish | hadn't dropped science at such a young age. That doesn’ more th number a decade earlier, and five times n. let me stress, that literature and history aren't ext the number two decades before. Unsurprisingly, this explosion valuable subj ey are. After al, studying thes tics professor in high school has helped to foster @ common civie identity in and inaccessibility; mental barriers are er 1 families y teen om double subjec has stived up heat and Boston high s ate, John Tierney, a p hol teacher, deeried the exams as a ca, particularly given its immigrant roots. Indeed, many of valuable teaching resources, something which the AP organisers those arsving inthe countsy did't initially come from E don't accept speaking cultures, which is one explanation for these subjects veing taught so heavily. Buta seven-to-one ratio between pros B ‘and physics seems a strange one for modern America ~ most of hat is most interesting of all about these exams is the question all ata time of economic challenge and technological change, of what those kids are choosing to study. f you look at the US high school m overalls admirably broad in scope, Indeed, the AP is one ofthe few places where spec rules’ teenagers typically choose to sit exams in just one or 0 subjects from 39 different courses. Now, you might think at in this era of economic flux, technological innovation anc Globalisation, students and schools would opt for subjects tha ip into this reality Policy makers today are trumpeting so-called STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and maths) and Parents know that these subjects ten jobs. But the AP ording to ong margin, (000 kids sat those sts, threefold increase on the decade. In second place American history, which attract 100 students, twice the number of a de fore. In third place, with 380,000 students, Was one STEM subject: calculus. After tha governme exams dnt mitrar that at all. In he AP website, the most popular exam to take, by was English literature and composition ‘that, while chemistry and computing the list. And physics was so unpopular tha tthe English exams than physics a times mareLearning experience The passive: tenses ect form 0 be possible y Q) re ates.) iment (4) us 9) (6) of f Modal passives Passive -ing forms and infinitives 4 Finda’ mistakes in the s 4 mpersonal pa: ructure: 5 F the ninModule 1 Learning experiences Use of English (Paper 1 Part 4) Key word transformations 1 HELP, >Q > EXPERT STRATEGY } Read the instructions for the task and look at the example. Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the meaning hasn't changed. Do the task. For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar ‘meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) 0 Brad would only play football if he could be the goalkeeper. ON Brad 0 the goalkeeper when he played football 1. Jason was very surprised to be offered the first job he had applied for. CAME i applied for, jason when he was offered the first job he had «2. Delia found DIFFICULTY Delia filing in the application form the application form very hard to fill in 3. Brian was just about to accept a job in a local bank when he wa: invited to an interview in the USA, POINT Brian ____ajob interview in the USA. a local bank when he was invited 4. Even if she works really hard, Yana won't get promotion in that company. HOW No. Yana won't get promotion in that company 5. Fiona’s parents did not approve of her choice of career MEET Fiona’s choice of career approval 6 Jamal was disappointed with his performance in the maths test SOURCE Jamas performance in the maths test ____ him, | 7. Students are strictly forbidden to use the staff car park NO Under use the staf car park 8. The course on tatistics was even better than Gina had expected uveD The course on statistics more than expectations 9. Simon was really very serious about his studies, TOOK Simon indeed. 10. The most important thing for many graduates is repaying their student loans. PRIORITY For many graduates, the main ____of their student loans. 18“7 1g (Paper 2 Part 2: Letter/Email) Analysing the task 1 Read the writ 1 ‘ask and answer the questions. You have received a letter from your 21-year-old cousin who is about to leave university. Write your letter in reply, offering advice, in 220-260 words. Developing ideas 2 Think about the pr for cons of the ideas mentioned in the task and make notes under these headings 3 Read the notes opposite. Which ideas from the task do they refer to? Are they the ideas? M than one an: 6 Using appropriate language 4° Underline the expressions of adv out t inking phra 3 in each group that is 10 formal for this co! 4 b Join the pairs of contrast es in Exercise 3 using linking phrases fro Opening and closing an informal letter 6 Tick the sentences that are appropriate for opening and closing an informal letter Opening Closing 4 5 Writing task 7 Now do the task in ExercMaking a difference Vocabulary development 1 > cB Compound adjectives: describing characteristics 1 Match the words to make compound adjectives. Which compound adjectives are hyphenated? Which are written as one word? 1 aid a forward 2 level b wittec 3 straight © spirited 4 out d contained 5 absent @ back 6 high f minded 7 self g spoken 8 quick h headed 2 Replace the words in bold with a compound adjective from Exercise 1. Make any changes necessary. MY FAMILY My older sister Emma is always (1) very relaxed She is also (2) sensible and has a tendency to (3) keep herself to herself. Jan, my younger sister, (4) always thinks of clever or funny things to say without thinking for a long time, She’s also extremely 6) lively and good fun but can rub people up the wrong way because she’s so (6) blunt, As for my parents, my mum is lovely and (7) honest and open, and my dad is kind but very (8) forgetful at times. Using affixes to form opposites 3. Replace the words in bold with their opposites. Form them using the affixes in the box. dis. im- ine less un- 1 Alice is tactful and sensitive. 2 Jessie's incredibly sociable and very considerate towards other people. very organised 3 Tom is practical an 4 ate is very patient and loyal ss selfish but sincere Phrasal verbs 4 eo “ena Spite fam, ewhatwced = pubmed. kan Such wit a Choose the correct answers. 1 | felt that the school had let me down / off when it expelled me 2 Avfirst, the teachers looked down /: students who they thought were lazy fer on the 3 | hope that issues in technology sort themselves ip / out very soon, 4 Ietook me ages to cotton up / on to what is happening, 5 I'l be fine once the shock has worn out 6 Itnever occurred to me to turn down proposal 7 Everyone says | take over / after my father in personality 8 Technology has a way of taking on / over your life if you allow it to Word formation: attitudes 5 Complete the forum posts with words formed from the words in brackets. Colum: When | decided to change my course, my tutor was incredibly (1) _ (support) even though he didn’t want me to change. He's really (2) (passion) about his subject. ‘Molly: My best friend Sophia has always been there ‘through quite an (3) (aggression) phase ee ea Helen: I've always been really (5) (ambition) and you would expect that there would be a fair amount of (6) ___ (hostile) from my brothers, but they've been great, Expressions with change 6 Complete each sentence with one word. 1 Well that makes change 2 Have you got £5 change? 3 Give me five minutes to _ __ changed 4 Can | change these dollars peso: 5 | think | might change the furniture this summer 6 Why dor't you wash up a change? 17Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) choice cloze 1 Read the title of the text. Who might have a secret menu? 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 3 Do the task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) bes fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The secret menu © a EXPERT STRATE I @ " @) 4) 9) © ” ® OA B ¢ D A 8 c ° 2A 8 ¢ D 3A B Cc o A 8 c D A 8 ‘ D 6A 8 c D 8 ¢ D BA 8 c D 18Module 2 Making a difference 3. Tick (V) the correct sentences. Correct the mistakes in the wrong ones. Language development 1 Review of relative clauses 2 in ai 1 p Qe 1 Complete the text with relative pronouns. Add Aiiser leat eee ee ‘commas where necessary. niin 7 Ata : have often be inspiration to us 5 ing the imon Revell (1) ___ has just re an award creativity by the Heart Foundation isa heart atack himself After suffering a major cardiac arrest two years ago, he was rushed to hospital (2) saving treatment. Sadly cone side, Says Sim survivor he received life P f is left him paralysed down 8 he things (3)_____I valued fe, playing the guitar and painting, seemed to atan end (4) was terrifying imon needed an outlet for his creativity. The ans came when he was given a laptop. Using his he began to write stories and so remarkable recovery and the ch elling the sto lenges (5) he's had to overcome. Simon (6) stories have been turned into a book gives a powerful insight into what life is like people (7) — are ahe attack 2 Join the sentences using relative clauses. the sentence in brackets in the relative clause Add commas where necessary and leave out the relative pronouns if possible Relative pronouns with prepositions 4 Choose the correct answers, 1 Saturday is the 2 re 6 Itwas after midnight (1 got to be 4 e fl 7 We went to a restaurant. (Fd never beer efor 5 The jot k aE ar gto be 6 fking a difference Use of English (Paper 1 Part 2) cl 1 Read the title of the text. What do you think the text will be about? 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. 3 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. 4 Dotheta 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think ofthe word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Facebook friends: the art of deletion © a) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 20Module 2 Making a difference Multiple'matching 1 Read the instructions for the tasks. How many extracts are you going to hear? Listening (Paper 3 Part 4) 2a Look at Task One. What are you listening for? Mark the key words in the options. b_ Now look at Task Two. What are you listening for? Mark the key words in the options. 3} Do the tasks. Remember that you must choose one option from each task for each speaker. You will hear five short extracts in which university students are talking about someone they regard as a role model. TASK ONE TASK TWO For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-H) what For questions 6-10, choose from the list (A-H) how first impressed each speaker about their role model. each speaker feels about their role model now. While you listen you must complete both tasks. A his modesty A surprised by his level of B his generosity cones © fisattertion to deta spooler EE] 8 concemedtortiswetre Speaker 1 {TB D hisdetermination Zz CC proud of his achievements Speaker 2[_ [7 E ence with others eaker 3) [3 D forgiving of his weakne Speaker 3[_ [8] F hiswilingness toa = E excited by his latest p Speaker 4[_ [9 mistakes speaker ; F amused byhis reputation Speaker 5[_[10. G his loyalty to friends G understanding of H his professional integrity lieth H_ admiring of his courage HELP >Q EXPERT STRATEGY EXPERT LANGUAGE ) EXPERT WORD CHECK ) 21Ed eee... Vocabulary development 2 Words often confused 1 Choose the correct answers. 7c Word formation: nouns 2 Complete the text with nouns formed from the verbs in brackets Failure breeds success! 3) 24 Phrasal verbs with the correct form 3° Replace the words in bol of the phrasal verbs in the box. necessary 1 al confessed what he had done. 2 allowed punishment to escape t punished 4 recovered from escaped from made say somethil which proved he'd been lying Law and crime 4 Complete the text with the correct form of the words in the box. Famous ex-criminals who made it goot + TV star Martha Stewart was once (1) with conspiracy and making false statements and found guilty. She was (2) to a few months in prison but after her (3) she launched her comeback on TV. * After actor Christian Slater was (4) for assault, he attended a rehabilitation facility betore (5) aterm in jail, He then managed to turn his life around. * Actor Danny Trejo has been the ‘tough guy’ in over 200 films but earlier in his life he was often in (6) with the law and spent some time behind (7) for robbery. When a Hollywood director asked if he would be able to play someone who'd (8) a robbery, he replied, ‘'ve done a few of those!’s J Bg Language development 2 > CBp EG Use of articles 1 Complete the text with a, the or @ (no article). There have aways been (1)___disagreements ‘over how to treat our prisoners. Should they be given (2)__same juxuries that we take for granted or lettin 8) cold cell 24/77 Should (4) __ punishment be (6) goal? Or ‘should (6) ____ rehabilitation into (7) society be our main aim? Although (8) UK spends a higher amount of money on (8) —_ public order than (10) US or any EU country, our jails are highiy ineffective and extremely overcrowded. If lowering (11)___ number of criminals is (12)_____ motivation for (18) _ imprisonment, we are failing; most under-18s are reconvicted within (14)___year of their release. So it would appear that (15) __justice systems are not only expensive but fail to rehabilitate (r improve behaviour. This is clearly (16) very important issue which needs to be discussed further, Singular/Plural nouns and verb agreement 2 Complete the sentences with the present or present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. 1 I dont think the news (be} particu interesting 2 The poli (try) to come down really hard on drink-driving at the moment. 3 Everyone I talk to _ (seem) to be i a of appointing a new director. 4 My family {have) a tough time so far this year. 5 | agree that £20 3) too much money to give a five-year-old 6 The majority of people Ive spoken to (not like) the idea of a change in the law. 7 Statistics how) that far fewer people smoke these days. 8 Anumber of people sill _ ant) to leave the unior Module 2 A second chance Determiners and pronouns 3 Find and correct the mistakes in some of the sentences. Tick (/) the correct sentences, 1 Ive already read the two books you lent me and all f them were fantastic. 2 Unfortunately, we haven't got neither o 1 stock at the moment. 3 Each person has to register before being allowed 4 We spent whole day shoppin 5 None wants to come with me, 6 | remember hardly any maths | studied 7 Agreat deal ¢ on to reoffend 8 | have very little uch a ridiculous argument. Choose the correct answers. their sentence away (0) A/ The recent YouTube clip which has attracted much attention shows hundreds of prisoners from Cebu Rehabilitation Centre in (2) Philippines the Philippines dancing to Michael Jackson's song Thriller. Since it was posted, (3) a / the clip of the prisoners in their orange uniforms has been watched more than 1.3 million times and a new world record has been set for the greatest (4) amount / number of inmates dancing simultaneously in the same place. Byron Gareia, security consultant for the Cebu provincial government, says the dance routine has helped to dramatically improve the behaviour of the (8) majority / whole of the inmates. Those serving sentences or awaiting trial have got (6) the whole / all of day to practise their routines. It takes their mind off revenge or planning an escape. (7) A few / Plenty former inmates have even become dancers. Participation is voluntary but (8) few / several of them choose to do it. (9) Everyone / All seems totally absorbed in the performance. Mr Garcia has been taken aback by (10) how many / ‘how much people have seen the video, which he originally posted in order to share his work with other members of the penal community. The viewings have become a source of great pride to the inmates. 25Module 2 Asecond chance Use of English Word formation HELP 1 (Paper 1 Part 3) Read the title of the text. Why do you think the bakery has this name Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning Read the text again carefully and think about the form of the word needed to fit in each gap. Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it mak complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) Bad Boys’ Bakery in (0) he UK g t RESPOND CATER INCREASE GROW DRAW PREDICT SHORT INTERRUPT OFFEND 26m4 Copel, 294 Bid go 8 gm Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Report) > cB Ew EXPERT STRATEGY ) Analysing the task 1 Read the task and answer the questions. 1 Who are iting the ? 2 What style of language 3 What three things do you have to include? port for You are a stu he nt representative on your s ouncil has been asked to g -ouncil of ather students at the school on xxclusion from school for students who of perma Write your report in 220-260 words. Developing ideas 2 Look at some students’ comments on exclusion and decide whether they are in favour of (/) or against (X) exclusion. 1 Why should another schoo! have to deal w the problem? 2. Excluding students makes things wi 3 It gives other students the opportunity to hout being dist 4: less stressful us on discipline 5 It means the school has given up on these st 6 There y good reasons for misbeha if they dont have to that bad beha 7 Itsho jour won't be tolerat Organising your report 3° What order (1-6) will these points bein in your report? More than one answer may be possible. b summary of feedba € (Peponing views d how you gat the info € the aims of the repor F (reporting views or 4 Module 2 A second chance ep \ Choose one of these paragraph plans and plan your report. Decide on the headings and whether/ where you will include bullet points or numbers. A 1. introduction (aims of the report) 2. how you got the information 3. reporting views on exclusion (for and against) 4 summary of feedback 5. recommendations 8 1. introduction (aims of the report, how you got the information 2. reporting views in favour of exclusion 3. reporting views against exclusion 4. conclusion (summary and recommendations) Using appropriate language 5a Match these groups of sentence openings with the headings in Exercise 3. One of the groups goes with two headings. 1 i We think that or ii Taking everything iid IFyou want my 0} balance, its probably best to sum up, ii OK 4 i. The arguments in favour of excluding troublesome students we iT ns, including il inion that iv According to most students, vit by the majarity of those we spoke to vi The main things that cropped up of those interviewed expressed outlines b_ Which of the sentence openings in Exercise 5a are too informal for a report? Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1 a7ReIU gout aalcs The creative instinct Vocabulary development 1 > cB Word formation 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words in brackets, How to be creative: tips from a young writer @ Learn to work wherever and whenever and be (1)_____ {adapt}. Inow come up with more ideas when Im surrounded by noise. © Dont be too hard on yourself. The need for (2)___ (perfect) can block you. And even if you get stuck, youll break through sooner or later ‘© When I'm setting up a plot, its very time- consuming, Creativity develops over a period of ime and you need to be (3) — (persist) ‘© Experiment! And dont be too (4) — (fuss) about the first draft just get something down on paper and move on, You can always come back to it later Phrasal verbs 2 Find phrasal verbs in Exercise 1 that mean: ng; puting into place omething new or different ssfully Verbs to describe movement 3a_Put the verbs in the box under one of the headings. dle dof. nip “saunter shoot crawl creep dash plod plunge sidle sneak soar te 1 move fast 2 go somewhere quickly for a short time 3 move siowly/aimlessly 4 move quietly in order not to be noticed 28 b Match the sentence halves, 1 She popped 2 Flora shot 3 He spent a year drifting 4 The dog sidled 5 He plunged 6 Tom plodded a along, head down, trying to ignore the bb around Europe, staying a few days he € past me, obviously late, hardly pausing tc say hello, d past, hoping | wouldn't notice what was in his moutr ein for a quick coffee on the way back from the dentist f into the pool with a shout of delight. 4 Complete the sentences with the past form of verbs from Exercise 3a, used in a metaphorical sense. 1 My spirits __as | realised Id won the race the book, not enjoying it at al way at 10 mph along the mot ig talk that my mind ncentrate, off while he was watching TV Film 5 Complete the text with the words in the box. debut motion realise released idtrack ‘Aardman ‘Aardmanisacompar undedby avid Sproxton in 1972 as away of tying t their ambition to produce an innovative (2) - film, The project had a very tight (3) and was their fist attempt to (4) an animated fl for adults using real-life conversations as the (5) - for the film. Lord and Sproxton became successful enough to hire mote animators three of whom were about to make their (6) as directors. One of these was Nick Park who later developed the clay models that featured the adventures of Wallace and Gromit. Two of these fms, A and Day Out and The Wrong Trousers, went on to win Acaderny Awards ‘Aardman later worked with Dreamworks to make Chicken Run, which was (7) in 2000, to great success They signed a (8) __ nake four more films but Tater decided to terminate the agreement.Module 3 The creative instinct Multiple-choice cloze 1 _ Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning, Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3° Do the task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? HEL? er For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There san example at the beginning (0) . One brick at atime . e (0) EXPERT STRATEGY I (3) (4) a (5) ft z (6) b (7) q t has also bi vvily (8) ; 2 0 Adat B c Deon 1A 8B c D 2 Asui Be c D 3A B c D othe 4 Ainward Bir c D 5 Ali B shows c o 6 Ajoine Bdivid c D 7 Aak 8 y c D BA 8 c D 29Module 3 The creative instinct Language development 1 > cB G 2 Review of future forms 1 Choose the correct answer (A, B or C) 1 Nes th 3 6 oe> 4 Ae> 30 Expressions with future meaning Choose the correct expression in brackets and u it to rewrite the underlined parts of the sentence 1 ain will arriv Future in the past Complete the email extract with the correct form of the phrases in the box. know I said last year that I (1) a drama group in the new year but life has just got n the way, as usual! I had assumed that the work I'd been given (2) too much time but it turned o e quite tough and I had to work eally hard to get it done. 1 (3) ne work two weeks ago but that didn’t happen, so I missed the deadline, But I've just fi thank goodness Then, just as I (4) for the new play which takes place in April, I realised that there (5) any good parts left in the prod that time and they (6) me king part. So anyway, I've now decided that I'm going to take up ballroom ancing instead. Choose the correct answers. 1 2 3 4The creative instinct Use (Paper 1 Part 3) se . 1 Read the title of the text. What is a trophy generally used for? 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning Read the text again carefully and think about the form of the word jeeded to fit in each gap, 4 Dothe 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) . A fitting trophy ars 0) 4IGH a) STAND 2 PRESTIGE 3 win (4) INFLUENC INTEGRATE (6) SUCCESS (7) VITAL (8) AUTHENTIC :32 Listenin, (Paper 3 Part 2) 1 Read the instructions for the task. Wh will that person be speaking about? is going to be speaking? What 2 Read the sentences in the task. How much do you find out about the topic? 3. Try to predict the type of information t n each gap 4 Do the task You will hear a student called Aaron Cole giving a presentation about how leisure activities can influence a person's job prospects. For questions 1-8, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. How leisure interests can influence job prospects a) (8)Stars in their eyes Vocabulary development 2 Phrasal verbs 3 Complete the phrasal verbs in the sentences with the particles in the box. Entertainment 1 Choose the correct answers. A 2 A n 3 a) 4 8: 2) @) 8: a) 6 A irst (5) 7 (6) B A k ” ai Useful language: exchanging ideas 8 6) 4 Match the sentence halves A (10) 1 8 ) 2 c 3 A (12) 4 8: (13) 5 6 K (14) a 8 (15) b (16) ¢ A: Appare (17) d 8: ie (18) f Near synonyms 2 Replace the words in bold with words and phrases from Exercise 1 1 : rn remake cpu . ow ° 2 transmitted iv ray persuasive Le cpane va ter chika tae 47 enthusiastic reception sii took place 6 becoming famous 7 The story line 8 He invested a lot in the34 ER (Paper 1 Part 7) 3a Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do yor think the text will be about? Read the main text quickly and answer the questions. 1 What doe Btn 3 h 4 What Read the task and the paragraph before gap 1. What type of photography is it talking about? Which of the options is about this type of photography? Now read the paragraph after gap 1. What do you think here in line 8 refers to? Which option introduces this idea? Do the rest of the task. You are gong to read a magazine article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. STRATEG 1 At 1, he is the fir G we fe oom stacked with boxes anFrom I meet the British photographer on a mission to revise the history of photography. or Paris in his early 60s and, alongside his reputation a photographer, his most enduring legacy is likely tobe the 12,000 photography books he has collected over the past 35 years; What began as a hobby has developed into a mission to change the way the history f photography is defined and understood. As a collector, hehas discovered, documented and promoted previously Unknown areas of photographic bookmaking, patti quick to acknowledge their contribution but once * discovered what was there, it was his own enthusiasm that brought those books to the fore, The main thing ‘eleamt’ he says, “is how lazy and narrow-minded Gu histories of photography have been and hovs, with me investment and Some application, there is so much discover’ When I ask if he has estimated the value of collection, he says, ‘I haven't. But I know it would be tantial Kudes = oeyace to photographic prt 4 tie pene fY Stars in their eyes 4 His critics are quick to point out, however, that in being one of its generators, he has also been one of the chief beneficiaries of the growing interest in photography books and the steep rise in prices. Isn’t he now competing in a bull market he has helped to create? 5 In 2004, Parr published the first volume of The Photobook: A History, an edited selection of his collection, illustrated with layouts from each volume, written by his friend and collaborator, the photo-historian Gerry Badger. Initially pored over solely by photography fans, dealers’ and collectors, the work quickly became indispensable for auction houses, which often had little else to quote by way of provenance for a photographer's work. al So what would he like to see happen to this valuable collection? ‘Eventually, I want it to go into a public collection, to be looked after and be used as a research tool,’ he replies. ‘That's the whole point, really. There is no particularly good photographie book collection in the public domain in the UK. The Tate Museum in London is my preferred venue. I'm in discussion with them but nothing has been determined.Language development 2 Modals and semi-modals (Part 1) Obligation and necessity 1 Choose the correct answers 1 Advice, recommendation, criticism, permission 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of Ability 3 Tick (7) the correct sentences. Correct the mistakes, in the wrong ones, Possibility/Probability, deduction 4 Cross out the one incorrect answer in each senter B Y Mixed modals 5 Choose the correct modal verb. T hen complete form of the verb in brackets.Module 3 Stars in their eyes Use of English (Paper 1 Part 4) ce Key word transformations HELP >Ql 2 g EXPERT STRATEGY ) Lit EXPERT LANGUAGE } as x 1 Read the instructions for the task and look at the example, Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the ‘meaning hasn't changed Do the task. For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar ‘meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) She didn't call me, even though she said she would. SUPPOSED She was supeosed te cal me but she didh 1 When he was a student, Dan went running every day. USED Dan daily basis as a student 2. Everyone expects that Ronan WIDELY il win the award. win the award, snt seen her brother for over a year. saw her brother 4 We were late arriving at the canferen opening ceremony. and so we missed the By The opening ceremony we arrived at the conference. 5. People think thatthe ring may be more than 1,000 years old ‘OVER The ring __ 1,000 years old 6 im sure Maurice broke the vase because he looked so guilty HAVE Maurice e looked so guilty 7 You have to press the button first, then you can insert coins in the slot BEFORE The button — _ can be inserted in the slot 8 tsa long time since anyone came to service the photocopier NoT The photocopier _ ages. 9. Diana was completely taken aback to see her daughter on television CAME see her daughter on television ‘ornmittee will reach its decision after considering all the facts. TAKEN All the facts __ the committee reaches its decision 37(Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) Analysing the task 1 Read the task and tick (¥) the correct information. Your class has attended a talk on how the government could encourage creativity at school. You have made the notes bel Methods by hich the government could school Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of t methods in the notes. You should explain which ‘method you think is more important for governments to consider and provide reasons in support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. Write your essay in 220-260 words Structuring your essay 2a Put the paragraphs of a student's essay in a order: introduction, main body and conclusi b Answer the question 1 D Using appropriate language: introduction a conclusion 3 Which of these phi introduction b) the c would Writing task 4 Now do the task in Exercise 1. Remember to mi your main points and supporting evidence cleat each of the notes you choose.The global village ~ Asmall world? Vocabulary development 1 edhe ude fs through » in em Puc > cB Collocations with sleep aoe ) back behind in out over through 1 Complete each sentence with the correct form of a verb from box A and a preposition from box B. 1 Although the contract was ready for signi A deal wasn't completed for reasons we , 2 Ievaned so har thatthe shed 0 collapsed get lose put rough send sleep (x3) get_lose igh send sleep ( 3 Laura has stopped making progress with her work 5 4 Her two boys are so near in age they quarrel a lot 5 Having lost so much money during the recession, in_on_over (42) through 10 (3) Tim had to rely om his savings to lve on , : 6 She tripped and went down on the ground. i VI was __ sleep that sue, so fm . — taoms: word pare 4 badeox = 2 Ourc ery old and frail. In the end, the vet wh Mie advised us to have her sleep. 4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 3 We shouldn't underestimate how rany homeless miss parcel thin when -ople are sleeping the streets a jozed a lot but didnt sleep until a 1 I go shopping as and I can ~ Im so busy 3am 2 My best friend and | have been through thick and 5 The film was so tedious that it 1s both together ep. 3 Injury is part and of a dar 's life 61 most of the play | was relly tired and acy eee 1 olay wasnt very gripping at a 5 itsabithitand as to whether they wil / 7 1 didnt set the alarm, wich meant that | nate aesienion | ag and a a : 6 I'm not sure if Il pass my driving test. It’s touch and mila ata friend's house tong oe ath hiked His ote ta and es kee sons wi bind Sle ho | Cultural experiences and larg Expressions with fall. agii'e. parcel = fevabue mssanre undone ae f 5 om tert with he rd the bom 2° Match the sentence halves. Lut and miss «: nd i afienea loka lone xtensively invaluable on onset 2 The toy fe fou aud? put ea Thejple Gj = marl Jacqui has been living abroad off and (1) - for many years, usually disappearing at the @ of every winter People initially tried ce | 10) __ her off the idea of going by herself 4 fceply and we decided not ove because they said it might be dangerous. However she D fat and nobody laughed. fas found itn) (@) cpercoce boeuce eee ae ae es oe she’s leamt so much about different cultures and their asleep as soon as my head touched the pillow ae scrunch te € to pieces as soon as we ted 19 use it f onthe second sylabe, ay og HL ol ee pes dal = orm ns ee, 2 “ae an “Sem © Sort ao o tne $ a une eudomart a oa fam we cond brunt ee Spying 2 0 Phrasal verbs with fall yrs 3 Use the correct form of fal and the particles in the box to make phrasal verbs to replace the phrases, little resemblance to her own country’s traditions, She hs travelled (7) for many years now and it hha really (8) _ ithome to her how much of the world there is sill 0 see 4p Harp ime Q og om ora absom to elaap ovey = © dormModule 4 small world? Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will ftin each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3 Do the task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? EXPERT STRATEGY ]rorquestons 1-8, ead the txt below and decide which ansver (A,B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). not The dangers of miscommunication As the world becc HELP global it is easy to prey >Ql the illusion that yo communicate easly acro mos simply by using the English e ° language. In (1) on munications abound, ° = ~ specially n a bu onte C) (2) I EXPERT LANGUAGE } ntermations Adea. tend to persist / fe fal Poy ae Serica mye nese finish a meeting by (4) - soften end (5) In some cultures, managers giving negative feedback to staff wil straight to the (6) but ng la may be impolite t a direc he best way to av @) ui 0 A‘al Bget Come 1 Ahonesty B realty Cactuali 2 AGne C Take 3 Aregard Cirrespect 4 finalising Dsumming 5 Croughh D sharply 6 C point Diruth 7 C delves Denact 8 Brecaling Creminding reviewing 40Language development 1 > ce Word families: verb, noun and adjective suffixes 1a Complete the table. Verb Noun Adjective hesitate Me - happiness @ 6) peasant persist @_ @_ defence (i) ry specify (2) (14)_ critic appear (16) (ig) (19) (20) danger enjoy (22)__ 1b Look at the words in Exercise 1a and write the suffixes in the correct group, 1 Noun sulfixes: 2 Adjective su 3 Verb suffixes: 2a Complete the text with nouns or adjectives formed from the words in brackets, 2 Look at your answers to Exercise 2a and add the suffixes from Exercise 1b to your list. CULTURE shock The idea oflving in anew culture for any length oftime is oten regarded as ery (2) (romance) but tis not without le peeblems tis one thing tobe a 2) (ave!) moving on (decide) to live there fora your oreo pethaps for tasy or work Although living abroad provides a unique opportunity to get to know another society and (4) (broad) your horizons, it also requires people to adapt their (8) _ (behave) to the customs of the new culture. Itis vital to become aware of the 6) __(similar) and (7) ___— Gitfer) and to learn rather than judge. Ifyou are (8) __ (patience), this can be the most ()_____ Geward) experience of Culture shock occurs when the (10) (excite) of adapting to the new environment wears off and there is an (11) _ (aware) that the pP Module 4 A small world? 3a__Replace the phrases in bold by adding the correct prefixes from the box to the adjectives or verbs. ‘Make any changes necessary. Word families: prefixes to change meaning diss en in mis- over pre-e 1 She isn't very patient with her brother. 2 Marc is abit too emotional 3 She isn’t willing to help us 4 How can | make this picture larger? 5 | think she has every reason not to trust hin - 6 | always pronounce that word wrongly. 7 Do we need to book tickets in advance? 8 The work is not yet complete. 9 | was charged too little 10 You can use that plastic throw it away again - dont 3b _ Use prefixes from the box in Exercise 3a to change these words. More than one answer may be possible, 1 decorate prevailing (12) rid apart from one’s of feeling (13) _ ture) attitudes are a wa. People go through a stag (confuse) and need time to adjust to their new (14) (surround), Some tips There are (18)_(vary) things you can do to prepare yourself before setting off. + Iris (16)_ (use) to read up as much jas you can about the culture before your an (depart). Take an interest in local issues and be open to the new culture. * Break out of your (18)__ (comfort) cocoon. when you get there and play an (19) __ (ach role. + Be (20) _ _ (tolerate) and (21) _ (Aexibility). Remember: it all takes time, and culture shock is all part and parcel of living abroad! a1Mi A small world? Use of English (Paper 1 Part 3) aatic 1 For the Read the title of the text. What type of research do you think tists might do on this subject? Read the whole text quickly to get the Read the text again carefully and thinl that will fit in each gap. about how to change the w« Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it m: complete sense? questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at tend of some of the lines to form a word that fit in the gap in the sam line. There is an example at the beginning (0) Surrey Sleep Research Centre (0) PREVAIL @) AVAILABILITY 4) ABL (5) EXPOSE TREAT 0) SUFFICErd ake commences bs Module 4 Assmall world? Read the instructions for the tasks. Will there be a separate listening for each task or do you need to complete them both at the same time? Listening (Paper 3 Part 4) Multiple matching 1 2a Look at Task One. What are you listening for? Mark the key words in the options. b Now look at Task Two. What are you listening for? Mark the key words in the options. 3) ® Do the tasks. Remember that you must choose one option from each task for each speaker. You will hear five short extracts in which university students are talking about campaign groups they have joined. TASK ONE TASK TWO For questions 1-5, choose from the list (AH) each speaker's main reason for joining the group. For questions 6-10, choose from thelist (A-H) what each speaker has gained most from being part of the group. While you listen you must complete both tasks. A awish to keep up family radio A greter se krowed Ba need gain det ' B improved communication sk © aends requ Speaker i] ct peak D aspea Speaker 22-2] iD acea k ; ser3{_[s ‘ cater [Ta] f ‘ ; FE acha : “ BY awd ; - G fe Bae 4 4 mn wep _ ———— EXPERT WORD CHECK > aid — EXPERT STRATEG —_ EXPERT LANGUAGE 43What are the pros and cons when a charity fundraising initiative goes viral? |inally succumbed to social pressure and invited some ‘colleagues to film me having a bucket of iced water tipped cover my head. This isthe ice bucket challenge. The deal is ‘hat people film themselves being drenched, donate money to their local Motor Neurone Disease charity, and then nominate three further people for the same treatment. tis fundraising ‘genius and it went viral at some point. Lady Gaga did it Matk Zuckerberg did it. By the time you read this, imagine every celebrity on the planet wil have done it. Social pressure 'sa ponerful thing and its refreshing to see it being used tospread smiles and encourage a generous spit. This isnt new, of course. Charities have long sought celebrity endorsements and getting famous people to make fools of themselves is part of that venerable tradition, Peer pressure can also produce reluctant givers. Adriaan Soetevent, an economist at the University of Groningen, Studied charitable collections in an open basket versus @ closed collection bag, The open basket elicited larger donations. And in ancther clever field experiment run by ‘tree economists, Stetano DellaVvigna, John List and Ulrike Malmendier, tundraisers went door-to-door raising money. Some households, chosen randomly, had received a flyer Warning them exactly when the fundraisers would be around this warning dramatically increased the chance that the door Wouldn't be opened. Not al of us welcome the opportunity to ive money to randomly selected charities, it seems. inthis case, however, the social element seemed to be a Source of joy, and surely, the ice bucket challenge w. {004 thing, raising money for a worthy cause while giving 48 a good chuckle into the bargain. But any good economist has to ask - and | do apologise about this: a good thing Compared to what? Some critics of the challenge suggested that it might represent a ‘zero-sum game’ — in other words, Making a difference that more money for Motar Neurone Disease meant less for other charities. The evidence for that proposition is thin, as it happens, but even if the many tens of millions raised by the ice bucket challenge were brand-new charitable giving, \we could still ask where that money would best be spent ‘The strength of a viral giving campaign, however. is also its, weakness: people join in for @ laugh because thet friends have put them up to it rather than because of a logical analysis of the most worthy cause. Motor Neurone Disease is a tly dreadful condition but so is cancer, ebola or simple starvation. In a world of imited generosity and finite resources, who is to say which cause should be al the head Of the queue? The fact that ice bucketeers were donating to a Motor Neurone Disease charity feels entirely arbitrary If another charity had happened to be the beneficiary instead, very litle else about the viral campaign would have changed. Would that have been a better situation? GiveWellis an organisation which seems well placed to answer such questions: i sets out to give donors the information they need to make the most effective donations, sounds ike an impossible job. GiveWells approach is to find cost-effective, evidence-based approaches such as distributing antimalarial becnets and then search for transparent, efficient charities pursuing that approach, One of their top recommendations, for example, is the Schistosomiasis Control initiative - incidentally, a charity that would benefit fram a catchier name. It organises treatment for parasitic worms, a very unappealing cause But the worms can do a lot of harm and are inexpensive to treat, hence the finding that the SCI offers value for your donated money. in the end, | sent a few pounds of my ice bucket d to the Motor Neurone Disease Association, It would have fett wrong, somehow, to do otherwise. | sent amore substanti donation to SCI, surely tone of the least media the planet. ll lives are equally valuable but some ives may be saved far more cheaply than others It seems strange otto respond to a philanthropic bargain No doubt, some wil fing this line of reasoning colder than a bucket full of iced water. But the tuth is that whenever we give money to ‘one cause rather than another, we're making a decision about how deserving that cause is. When a social media campaign gathers momentum, its human nature to make that decision spontaneously and without a moment’ reflection. It feels good. But feeling good and doing good arent ssame thing,Ei Making a difference Ve > 1 Issues and opinions: idioms : an idiom from the form and make any other changes necessary. refusing to give in give up trying to have the same opinion 3 agree to some of the things they wanted 4 She won't commit herself either way on what she thinks 5 alking about the same thing without making any progress 6 because I can't prove accept what you say Issues and opinions: verb + noun collocations 2 Complete the sentences wit form of 4 8 3 Complete the verbs from the box Ly make 0 ratond Ao faite decward & a tua porte pat = Issues and protests 4 Complete the minut s of an informal neighbourho: meeting with words from the box. Atthe the issue of potential traffic lights at the junction ting of local residents on 4th June of the two main roads was (1) There was (2) agreement th: plans should not have been put into place bel proper (3) with people living in the At the meeting, feelings ran very (4) Several people (5) forward the poin that the traffic lights would indeed make it safer fo children who have to cross the busy roads, and the vast majority of those present (6) with that view, Howeve a to the plan, on the (8) that the build-up of traffic at the lights would ‘most people were still The rest of the discussion focused on trying to nd a(n) (9) round the problem and attempting to (10) a compromise It was finally agreed that more pressure should be put on the council to justify their plans. Local people are to be encouraged to sign the ay and we agreed to try to generate more (12) on the issue through the media rrund s Tt Rud o wy a alu ve Arubyod Language develbpjnent 2 > CBp O6.EG that clauses 1 Rewrite the sentences using hat clauses. 1 There is no evidence of her involvement in the There 2 He is very lik There 3 Pandas may become extinct, which is very It 4 During my research, a high number of people were found to be face-blind My research 5 The teacher explained the wide variety of different learning options available to students. The teacher explained 6 Alot of young people have joine this year, which is very encouraging, te iy 10 ask us to work late, i Clauses beginning with a question word 2 Complete the sentences with question words from the box. how what (x2) who (42) why (x2) 1 tim not sure yet to.call my story 2 you choose to invite is up to you. 3 ive noidea at al goto 4 ‘just don't understand | could have 5 Shall we decide to go out? Is Monday good for you? 6 Icouldn't work out__ you were talking to. 7. she really wants for her birthday is a ew laptop. 8 Iwas talking to him about __ V'd decided to become a nur 9 Ihave no idea, grand piano! 10” she always goes to t mystery to I'm going to put the ame Module 4 Making a difference -ing and to-infinitive clauses Complete the text with the infinitive or -ing form of the verbs in brackets, A community cinema ‘The decision (1) (set up) a community cinema on the premises of the local high school meant that it was only possible (2) (use) itat the weekends and during the holidays. The initial challenge was obviously for residents (3) __ (raise) enough money to fund the project. In addition, the only way of (4) (siafi) the cinema was (8)_____( rely on) volunteers. Despi fficulties, there was a general feeling that ___(provide) an independent community cinema was essential (7) __ (improve) the quality of life in the town, Despite a rather slow start, the cinema is now very popular and residents are delighted (8)___(be) offered free parking and refreshments, as well as cheap tickets for a wide range of films. There are now 15 part-time paid workers, as well as more than 100 volunteers (9)__ (work) there. However, itis still difficult (10) (persuade) young people to go to films at what they regard as school. ‘Complete the sentences with words from the box. Put the verbs in the correct form. have it overstate share that (x2) volunteer what who 1 in the community is not something just for retired people. 2 Its impossible the benefits that it can provide at all ages, 3 For example, its impo ple get experien young king world as early 4 Paid work often depends on you know rather than ‘you know ~ skills and qualifications are often less important than your contac 5 is also crucial that retired people have the opportunity their skills and expertise with people less experienced than them, 6 They frequi d that their main worry is 100 much time on their hands 7 Some kind of structure in their lives helps enormously and evidence suggests working with a new set of people can help to prolong people's liv a7Issues and protests 4 Complete th meeting wi inutes of an informal neighbourho words from the box Issues and opinions: idioms box. Put the verbs in the correct form and make any other changes necessary. n idiom from the 1 refusing to give in give up trying to have the same opinion 3 agree to some of the things they 4 She won't commit herself either way on what she thinks 5 talking about the same thing without making any p ept what y iat you're wi At the meeting of local residents on 4th June ee aco the issue of potential traffic lights at the junction of the two main roads was (1) yet Issues and opinions: verb + noun collocations in, There was (2) ‘agreement that 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of plans should not have been put into place before h proper (3) with people living in the At the meeting, feelings ran very (4) 2 Several people (5) forward the point that the traffic lights would indeed make it safer for 3 children who have to cross the busy roads, and the vast majority of those present (6) along with that view. However, most people were still 5 a) to the plan, on the (8) that the build-up of traffic at the lights would The rest of the discussion focused on trying to find a(n) (9) round the problem 8 attempting to (10) a compromise Tt was finally agreed that more pressure should 3 Complete the phrases with verbs from the box be put on the council to justify their plans Local people are to be encouraged t0 ay and we agreed to try to more (12) on the issue throu 2 the media, Ts Rucl o way ae f dian phe to make a ctond 2 a pe 6 «(40 pote Aacward & parvat = a aun & Urukod ate » Nafue te 2 to commit one alt ether 9 10 Arashi be opis Module 4 Making a difference Jw ue te CUS? tauses a h the infinitive or -ing form of “ tuping te howe Jame wptaion 2 Btls agra Oe 8 to ho % A \ re wife pre to pmme tings = meet hattway bo Stow He TU Lan vane 4o te he Aurre ‘al ye am yralr oa " fois ~ 4 = OME Aww ase ~ wet tk A pen of oF SF “¢ he to become a nurse, Thave no idea grand piano! mystery to me. rat tim going to put the . rather than alifications ai (set up) a community anises of the local high school meant ossible @)___(use) it at | during the holidays. The intial viously for residents (3) ney to fund the project. In addition, 4) (taf) the cinema was ‘ely on) volunteers. ulties, there was a general feeling that rovide) an independent community tial (1) (improve) the he town, Despite a rather slow start, / very popular and residents are “ (be) offered free parking and {{lestetias cheap tickets fora wide ) part-time paid workers, as well Sf 86 volunteers (9) (work) tis still difficult (10) people to go to films at what they sentences with words from the box. in the correct form, tate share that (x volunteer » the community is ople 2_____the benefits t it important young «perience of the working world not something just itcan arly 1 work often depends an you know __ you know = skills and often less important than your contacts. tothe same place is a 5 the 6 They ____is also crucial that retired people have ‘opportunity their skills and expertise h people less experienced than them, frequently find that their main worry is :00 much time on their hands. 7 Some kind of structure in their lives help enor working with a n prol mausly and evidence sugge w set of people can help to long people's lives. 47Module 4 Making a difference Use of English (Paper 1 Part 4) Key word transformations 1 Read the instructions for the task and look at the example. Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the | meaning hasn't changed, 2 Do the task EXPERT STRATEGY }Forquestions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) 0 Mark doesnt like it when people tell him what to do. we RESENTS >Q Mark se50 what to do, > Q3 1. Debbie is very likely to win the charity run fun. LIKELIHOOD > Q4 In win the charity fun run. 2 Julian couldn't wait to begin his volu a | FORWARD. EXPERT LANGUAGE julian nis voluntary ¥ 3. Rachel was particularly concemed about the issue of noise pollution oF The issue of noise pollution to Rachel 4) Because of the heavy traffic, we didn't arrive in time for the meeting. PREVENTED. The heavy at 1e meeting 5. You have to be vei CALLS his kind of char 6 Delia has alway LENT dhe Delahasahays 10 do this kind of charity work d f commitmen x4 bo gard hi 7 Young people id benefit greatly from he project Cw to Yn HIGHLY { The project 10 young people Inthe community certain what effect the new proposals will have. 8 isu - Aw ; REMAINS » what effect the new proposals will have. 9 Inthe end, only avery small number of protestors signed the petition HARDLY In the end, signed the petition 10. The loss of funding was the end of Jane's plan to go to India PAID. The loss funding, Jat plan to go to India 48Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Proposal) > cB ew EXPERT STRATEGY } Analysing the task 1 Read the task and answer the questions. 11 What is the purpose of the proposal? 2 Who are you writing it for? 3 What style of language will you use? You see this notice on the students’ noticeboard at the Intemational language college where you are studying. A recent survey by the council has revealed that local residents have a number of concerns regarding the college, particularly the noise level late at night and the amount of discarded litter. We are looking f suger f how to improve community relations To this end, the college is prepared to fund some kind of social activity, You are invited to submit a proposal to the principal, outlining ideas for ths, after which a decision will be made, Write your proposal in 220-260 words. Developing ideas 2a Read these suggestions for the proposal, Tick the ones you like and add any further ideas. ld offer a variety of conversation classes in rent languages for a term, ld organise a food festival 3 We could send the residents a letter of ap 4 We could give talks about different cultures Read a student's proposal. Which suggestions from Exercise 2a are put forward? Ignore the words in italics at this stage. Using appropriate language 3° Read the proposal again and replace the words and phrases in italics with these more formal alternatives. Make any other changes necessary a in the event of h proximity to b resolved i reflect well on © distributed jis kept to.a minimum d implemented k in view of © at present 1 concerns raised f course of action 8 the principal objective of Module 4 Making a difference Which of the following are typical of a proposal? Find examples in the proposal in Exercise 2b 1 passive forms/an impersonal style 2 phrasal verbs 3 formal vocabulary 4 contracted forms Writing task Now do the task in Exercise 1 Proposal to improve (cosrstanirertgwsccl claret Introduction (1) What | want to do in this proposal is to suggest ways in which good relations with our neighbours. can be reestablished (2) given the (8) problems which came up in the recent survey. Its obviously extremely important that a good relationship be ‘maintained with the local community and (4) just ‘now, this is clearty not happening. @ Current situation Since the college is located (6) very near residential ‘amily homes, itis clearly vital that (6) we keep the ‘noise down after a certain hour, It is understood that there has been a tendency for students to shout and laugh very loudly when walking back from town late at night, which disturbs young children sleeping. It has also been noted that the following mornings takeaway wrappers and empty soft drink cans are often found litering the street, which does not (7) make our town look good. ™ Recommendations | would suggest the following (8) plan: * aletter of apology to be written by a ‘task group’ and (8) given out to local residents. * contact with our neighbours to be initiated, .g, hesting an ‘international evening’ on which we serve typical snacks and drinks from our countries. * a system to be put in place whereby residents can liaise directly with the students (10) f there are any further problems. ® Conclusion Were the short-term recommendation ~ the letter = to be (11) put into action relatively soon and followed by a social event within the month, | feel confident that any present tension could quickly be (12) sorted out. 49Ls) Controversy Global issues Vocabulary development 1 > cB 5 Word formation 1 Complete the text with words formed from the ‘words in brackets. Are pets good for us? Ina recent book on (1) ___(sustain) living, the authors recommended that pet (2) _ (own) should restrict the number of pets they have and ‘avoid feeding them top-quality food. The authors argue that itis hard to (3) _ (justice) giving this kind of food to animals when global resources are becoming scarcer. Feeding more basic food would be (4)_____ (ecology) more friendly and would (5) (less) the negative impact of pets on the environment. However, the argument in (6)______ (defend) of having pets states that the food currently fed to pets is surplus to human @)____ (require) and would otherwise end up in landfil (8) _____ (dispose) sites. In addition, pets, are known to (9)______ (rich) our lives and be (10) ___ (benefit) to our health. Compound nouns with verbs and prepositions 2 Use the words in the box and the prepositions in brackets to form compound nouns and complete the sentences. break build set 1 During afi (down), people tend to have fewer p 2 The (ow) for vironment gets ever more depressing, 3 One day there may be a (th we may find a solution to world poverty 4 The programme gave a fascinating into the causes of global warming 5 Itwas a huge (back) when the striker got in 6 The to the event seemed to go on all day. 50 Collocations Complete each sentence with a word from A and a word from B. renewable limited energy fumes footprint 1 The search for more sour wind farms is continuing. 2 If fewer velled by car, there fewer phere everyone should re 1 their extinction. smaller ‘The environment 4 Choose the answers, ECOTOURISM Ecotourism is the fastest growing area in the holiday business, aiming to preserve and sustain the (1) diversity difference of the world’s natural and cultural resources. Iris intended as a (2) low-effect | low-impact alternative {to mass conventional tourism. Envitonmentalists hope it offers tourists an invaluable (3) understanding | insight int the impact of humans on the environment. ‘The purpose may be to educate the traveller and provide funds for the (4) conservation / keeping of vital resources such as energy and water. It is also of huge (profitable | economic benefit forthe local community Since preserving resources isa high priority on these holidays, travellers are urged to (6) recyele reclaim wherever possible and take away non-biodegradable (7) mess / litter such as tins, plastic bags and empty bottles, cut noise (8) pollution / impurity and generally make a positive impression on society. the environment and economy. However, as many of the destinations require people to travel by air, the lack of ecologically-friendly transport is a critical issue as it contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and therefore to (9) world / global warming and (10) weather / climate change.—* Module 5 Global issues Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice 1 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning, 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3. Do the task 4 Read through the text aga complete sense? , with your answers in place. Does it make XPERT LANGUAGE 1] rorquestions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Man's best friend Th ariou ores to (0) HELP vee EXPERT LANGUAGE (a) itf 2) ently, the pre hi (3) i le real yte (4) (5) these instinctive ski ie capture ever, Su ay have t dogs which made the fst ) at aman set ne c ie avenge amongst the : e.L Horr (8) sins in their at ig nydral i 4 ich digesti hanges facilitated the p omestication, 0 Aaccou Berg C descr D justly 1 Bsetat Cpu Dm 2 Aclose Brcla Cap tely Dresp 3 Bapartf Cin DAccording 4 Bhai habit D px 5 Rox Ber advan D profi 6 8 c D 7 8 c Daccu 8 Bai Cater Dont 51Module 5 he Global issues Language development 1 > CBp 17.EG Gradable and ungradable adjectives 1a Match the gradable adjectives (1-8) with the ungradable adjectives (a-h). 1 pleased a unforgetta 2 annoyed b disastrous 3 interesting € spotless 4 bad d stunning 5 attractive furious 6 memorable f terified 7 apprehensi g fascinatin 8 clean hh thrilled b Which of the adjectives in the box are ungradable? different efficient expensive impossible informative outstanding perfect polluted remarkable spectacular welcoming Modifying adverbs 2a Which of the adverbs in the box make adjectives stronger? Which make them weaker? Write them in the correct column, One adverb can go in both columns. a bivftle itely completely extremely fairly incredibly pretty quite really seriously slightly somewhat utterly very Stronger Weaker b_ Tick the adverbs in Exercise 2a which can be used only with ungradable adjectives. 3 Choose the correct answers, 1 Unless we tackle the pro shortage. it will be very / completely disastrous forthe planet. 2 Agriculture uses an extremely / absolutely amount of water 3 | was a bit / totally fascinated by the k 4 | was slightly / utterly surprised by her reaction 5 She found the waterfalls realy / fairy stunning, / absolutely likely that we will run out of cl 7 The fridge was extremely / vitually empty 8 inwas abs extremely impossible to work with all that 52 Collocations: adverbs + adjectives 4 Cross out the one incorrect option in each. sentence, 1 1am____ opposed to the fur trade Abitterly Bperfectly —C totally 2K different from what | expecte Abighly Bsomewhat — C compl 3 The situation is__ disastrous. Aabsolutely —B utterly C painfully 4 The area is __ dependent on Abitterly Bheavily Co 5 The proposal is controver A deeply B highly C completely 6 Tome, itis_ needs to be done. obvius that something, Aincredibly — Bquite C painfully 7 The amount oflitteris__unacceptable. Atotally B pretty C completely B itis __ unlikely that the government will back down on this issue. A deeply Bextremely — C highly 5 Read the reviews and look at the modifying adverbs in italics, Tick (V) the correct ones and give alternatives for the ones that are used incorrectly. More than one answer may be possible. ‘The trip was (1) very outstanding, The guides were (2) really charming and the beaches were (3) a bit deserted. | was (4) rather disappointed by the size (of my room, but 'd go back again tomorrow! Seeing the wildlife was (5) fotally magical and all the people we met were (6) absolutely welcoming, twas (7) completely expensive and the journey there was (8) a bit stressful, but that wasn't the company's fault. ‘The location was (9) deeply spectacular. All the people at the hotel were (10) very nice and | thought it was (14) quite good value for money. It was (12) bitterty different from anywhere else Id been.Global issues Ey (Paper 1 Part 2) Read t itle of the text and think about what you are going to re Read the wh fext quickly to get the general Read the text again carefully and think about will fit in each gap. of word that Do the task. Read rough the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make lete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Shark fin soup (0) a) (2) (@) (4) (5) (8) 53ening (Paper 3 Part 3) 1 Read the instructions for the task and answer the questic 2 Look at the questions and mark the key words in the stems and 3 How much do you find out about the story from the questic 4 Do the task You will hear an interview with a wildlife biologist called Adam Warwick, who once rescued a bear from drowning. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best accor at you hear.An open society? Vocabulary development 2 > cB Security: collocations 1 Complete each sentence with a word from A and a word from B, A Giometric code phone security spy swipe B card checks guards umber satellites tapping 1 Many ai of identity 2 In some big schools there are now employed to stand at the doors 3 People working in offices often have to key in a ___before they can enter the building, 4 To unlock an electronic door, you sometimes 1s are now using as proof eed to run a_ through the slot of a special reader. 5 The press are often criticised for using _ to find out information are sometimes used in military operations, Prepositional phrases 2 The text below is based on the listening text on age 80 of the Coursebook. Complete it with prepositions from the box. The prepositions may bbe used more than once. at for in of on to > Ina radio interview, a journalist talked about her experiences with a person who hacked into her emails The person had emailed her contacts to say that she had been held up (1) ‘gunpoint (2) an attempt to get money from them, 6). the journalist's amazement, the hacker replied when she wrote him an email demanding her contacts back. What worries the journalist tha it’s ‘ot just hardened criminals who do it; kids obsessed with technology are also hacking (4) secret from their bedrooms, pethaps just (3) fun, She points out that hacking puts all our lives (6) risk and there should be better procedures (7) place to prevent it consultant (8)__the field of information technology was also interviewed (9) the subject (10)___ online crime. He agreed that People should be (11) their guard at all | times, but pointed out that itis important to keep the | danger (12)_____ perspective Acamg ~ clover diahirot way to sonal ‘ Phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions 3a Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. catch come fall freak get hush take 1 Exper Up with new protection systems to stop people hold of information. 2 There are often attempts to up what hackers are doing 3 People often for the scams used by hackers 4 What realy the journalist out was feeling that her identity had ben taken hostage 5 There are more and mare clever ways to ____ people unawares. 6 The computer expert agreed to an intervie part in Now look at your answers and the words in bold in Exercise 3a, Match the completed expressions with their meanings. a manage to find something to use b make someone very upset and anxious _ € prevent people from knowing about something d do something when someone is not expecting it — participate f think of a new idea g be tricked into something oe Verbs and adverbs for opinions: intensifying expressions 4 Choose the correct answers. 1 A: | firmly / absolutely believe the government should cut the number of CCTV cameras. Were becoming a surveillance society. B: Mm, | must say | completely / bitterly resent being spied on all the time unless its really necessary. 2 A I think good security software is totaly / vitally important. B: I quite / really agree 3 ‘A; am highly / seriously concerned about how newspapers obtain their stories. B: Yes, | strongly / distinctly object to them hacking, nto celebrities’ phones just to get gossip. A: I wish we didn't have so much airport security. It makes me entirely / deeply frustrated B: An, | vividly / strongly remember how quick and easy check-in used to be in the old days. 55Modute 5 Es ‘An open society? Reading (Paper 1 Part 8) Multipie matching 1 5 HELP Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do you think the members of the team will look like? Read the task and mark the key words in each question, Read the text quickly to get an idea of how itis structured and what issues are discussed in each section. What is the main focus of each section? Look at question 1 and find the sections of the text that talk about the ‘hiring’ of the team members. Look for words and expressions that describe energetic movements, Write the question number next to these sections so you can find them again quickly. Then read these sections carefully and decide which section matches the exact wording of question 1 Repeat the procedure for the other questions. You are going to read an anticle about a team of computer experts who fight cyber crime. For questions 1-10, choose from the sections (A~D). The sections may be chosen more than once. In which section does the writer mention: not confirmed by the appearan ea fl 8 3] ——-—~ _ fof] RT WORD CHECK } Vocabulary 6 Look at these compound words from the text, Decide which should 56 be written as one word and which should be written as two words. ‘Then look back at the text and check your answers. ead quartets (Section A) e breed ( tiust worthy (Sectio ly farm (Section E ware (Section EA team of elite young experts are on the trail of the cyber criminalsModule 5 ‘An open society? Language development 2 > CB) 27 ES Review of conditionals 1 Complete the sentences about home and work security with the pairs of verbs from the box in the correct conditional form. More than one answer may be possible. be /invest feel /carry get /live install /know need /ask not leave / not be able to use / be swant /recommend 1 Ifyou your home to be secure, the police that you install new window and door locks 2 Personally. | adogif! inthe riddle of the country ike you. 3 IF business good next year, | in some CCTV cameras 4 iFyou smoke alarms, you about the fre much earlier than you did 5 Ifyou to be away for a few weeks, Mark to put some lights on a timer switch for you, if you like, 6 irl the ladder in the garden that day, the burglar toclimb into the top window which was open 7 When you___a swipe card, the rsk of rnon-authorised people entering the premises __ reduced. 8 Iknow youll ignore me, but | much happier if you _a personal alarm when you're on your way home late at night. Alternatives to if 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 ts illegal to tap someone else's phone calls providing / unless itis done for reasons of national security 2 Smoke alarms are great inventions but for / a long as you don't burn a lot of toast! 3 Calls to businesses may be monitored suppose / provided that you are informed, 4-1 am going to installa spam filter on the computer If whether you want me to or not! 5 Should / Were we have a break-in, Id get CCTV cameras putin. 6 I would have lost all my data were it/ whether or not for Dave's help. 7 I don't open messages from unknown senders otherwise / supposing | might have got a virus. 8 Id feel happier about leaving the house empty had / suppose | remembered to ask a neighbour to pop in from time to time. 58 Find and correct the mistakes in some of the sentences. Tick (/) the ones that are correct. 1 Til help you providing that | have time, 2 ifitwere up to me, | had a smaller car. 3 Should you deciding to came, we'd be happy to put you up. 4 Weld be sitting on the beach by now if you were better at reading maps! 5 Ill go instead unless you don't want to. 6 Ifyou can't understand it, sure | won't be able to. 7 can come as long that you can drive me back before noon, 8 Should you need anything, please don't hesitate to contact me, Mixed conditionals Rewrite the sentences using mixed conditionals. Begin with If 1 Sam doesn't know how to encrypt the data, so our bbusiness information was hacked. 2 Teanit get on with my work because I eft my laptop oon the train 3 Because people are generally very honest, phone was returned. 4 ve lost my credit shopping with you. 5 There are CCTV cameras outside the st saw the man that stole my bike 6 She got away with it because she knows infl people. to sort out the problem, | 8 He isn't aware of how thorough aitport security is, so he didnt allow enough time to catch the fightAn open society? Use of English (Paper 1 Part 3) Wo 7 1 ad the title of the text. What is internet fraud? What type of advice wu expect to read? 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 3 Read the text again carefully and think about the form of the word h gap. 4 5 Read through the text again, with your answers i complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). How to avoid internet fraud (2) 6) 2 ACTION IMPRESS REAL 59Module 5 ‘An open society? \| Writing (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) > ew ne | EXPERT STRATEGY Analysing the task 1. Read the task and mark the main points. Then read the opinions, which may give you ideas for what you might write in your essay. Your class has attended a lecture on how schools could be more eco-friendly. You have made the notes below. Making schools eco-friendly hoo! transport + energy + recycling Some opinions expressed in the discussion: id walk oF cy a iny food or drink ifthe packaging can't be used again. Classrooms are usually the wir overheated Write an essay for your head teacher discussing two of the suggestions in the notes. You should explain which suggestion is better and give reasons in support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make use ofthe Dpinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use ‘your own words as far as possible. ‘Write your essay in 220-260 words. Writing an introduction Read two opening paragraphs for the essay. Which | 2 ‘one is more appropriate? Think about which one: By ehink that helping to save the environment is one OF {pe mose imporeant ings we can do. We should all te doing everyching we can because if we don’, there it be no planet left For our Children in the Future. {90 lees 1ook at some OF the things we Can do. Structuring paragraphs Read the main body of a student's essay and answer the questions. 1 Which two pout’ 2 Whatis aint made about e undemable ‘ould be tuned off whilst people are e had Using appropriate language 4. Find examples of the following in the essay. 1 complex vocabulary \\2 3 linking word 4 comple nal sty ‘and phrase Writing a conclusion 5 Read two conclusions for the essay. Which one is ‘more appropriate? Why? A $0, a8 \ said before, it's obvious, reallly, that v fo ban cars and make fo school $0 that we dov dents walk | destroy the would argue that pressure needs to be put and parents to get te and from school in ible way. Cutting down on lution makes this change the sum op, on students 4 more ecologically responsi fossil Fuels as well as ai poll mest immediately important. Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1Communication Getting your message across | Vocabulary development 1 > Communicating: phrasal verbs 1 Replace the words in bold with the word(s) in brackets and the correct form of a verb from the box. Make any other changes necessary. (3) bring 9 alk (&2) 1 | persuaded Andy not to lend Lucy his, r. (out of) 2 The boss did a good job communicating the importance of the changes to the staff. (over 3 I'm not brilliant at French but | can manage in most situations. (by) 4 Let's discuss it this evening before making a final decision. (over) 5 When I go to Poland, | enjoy having a go at using he phrases Ive learnt. (out) 6 | tied to explain to her how serious the situation but didn't seem to be able to make her understand. (through) 7 At the meeting, | mentioned the subject of the pay 8 I couldn't hear a word at the back, so | asked Andrea to raise her voice. (up Expressions with speak, talk and say 2 Choose the correct answers. | 1 really disike standing around making small speak / talk to people at partes. 2 It goes without saying anything | can to help 3 Everybody talks, 4 iz speaking that | will speaks very highly of that new teache n usually be reli ‘on to say / speak her mind 5 | stil havent finished decorating, needless to say/ talk 6 Ihaven't a clue what she's speaking / talking about Have you? 7 She didi talk / say a word about what had happened 8 Could you phone Miranda? We'te not really on talking / speaking terms at the moment. Informal expressions: speaking and understanding 3. Match the sentence halves. ' 1 can't make head 2 Ican never get a word 3 | think Becky got the wror 4 You took the words right 5 6 My brother and sister are always having a go I think you've missed a at each other about money, of the stick about the arrangements because she's not arrived yet or tal of these instructions. Can you? d the point of why we're go @ out of my mouth ~ that's what | was fin edgeways when Mandy around, about to su ggest Ber Communication | 4 Complete the text with words from the box. | UTTER ECR ea Instrumental motivation Learning a foreign language is often a (1) end. People often study a language in order to (2) anather goa, such as getting ino college or geting beter job. ‘They may enjoy the learning process or eventually become (3) ____inhe target culture, but their main motivation is insrumentat a language can help them ofl a college language requirement or (4) ‘out ina tough jb market. Integrative motivation For some learners, the main motivation for studying a language isthe desite to understand a culture and society better and toan (5) themselves in the target language. For them, the Fanguage is @ tool for (6) relationships and communicating (7) ___, for example witha tiend or family member who speaks the language Studies have shown that integratively motivated learners are ten more successtul and that lack of interest inthe target culture may make the learning process more dificult. lis thought that a desire to become (B) with the culture and society in which a language is used makes learning itmuch easier. 61Module 6 Getting your message across Use of English Multiple-choice cloze EXPERT LANGUAGE 62 1 (Paper 1 Part 1) Look at the title of the text. What sort of benefits do you expect to read about? Read the text quickly to see if you were correct Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will it in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? Do the task. ead through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, €or ) bes fits each gap. There isan example atthe beginning (0) The benefits of bilingualism © , q) @) 8) : (a) : 6) : hk © ell tobe ”) f e (8) oA 8 c D 1A 8 c D 2A 8 c D 3A 8 c D an 8 c Dimak SA 8 c Die 6 Aref B c D 7A 8 c D BA 8 c DModule 6 ’ Getting your message across Words that ly confused | Language development 1 a %3 Choose the correct answers. > cB 1 I'm positive that my team won't lose / loose a Spelling rules this week 1} Complete the sentences with the correct form of 1ews effect our chance | the words in brackets, ha pt the decision | 1 Jess is quit other is ev et better at just take abi 2 There have been quite a fe ash) on ensure that the delivery will arr 3 Have yo the table for dinner yet dist 4 She noticed there were a lot of ssh mosquit ou want cerful) when he sa Hyphens - ish) from all 4 Add hyphens where necessary. Tick (v) the correct oes sentences. Words that are difficult to spell feces other day 2 Find and correct 12 spelling mistakes in the email 31 5 brown eyed an 1 extracts 4 Thats my ex gfriend over the 5 He's out of work at 6 ge worker | Compose Check All «= Reply © Forward a . nA z in languag a ve finally made the desicion to join the liesure centre and enrol for the gym because I am worried about my lack of fitness. Of course, there is. no garantee I'll get healthier but at my age it's, neccesary to do something because I love deserts land want to carry on eating them without feeling too guilty! So I went to return those jeans I bought last week. Unfortunatly, I didn't have the reciept so I had to take a credit note rather than get my money back Thad a long arguement with the manager ~ and lost. I definately won't be shopping there again! ©n approximmately six or seven separate ocassions ve had my phone taken off me at schoo! for texting during lessons. It’s embarassing but I couldn't care less, really, because the teacher just | 1 returns it at the end of the lesson, anyway. 1 63Ey Getting your message across (Paper 1 Part 2) 1 Read th itle of the text and think about what you are g 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 3 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. 4 Dothe 5 Read through the text omplete s in, with your answers in place. Does it make For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) The first emailer (5) (7) (8) (0) a) (2) @) (4)Listening (Paper 3 Part 1) Multiple choice 1 EXPERT STRATEGY } HELP. EXPERT LANGUAGE ] EXPERT WORD CHECK } Module 6 Getting your message across Read the instructions and the context sentences in the task and answer the questions. Now read the context sentence and questions for Extract One. How much do you find out about the topic and the speakers? @} © Do the task You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A,B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear two language teachers talking about language learning, 1 What does the man appreciate most about his current job? A He gets the chance to use his full range of languages. B the way that languages are taug! He finds the approach to language learning matches his owr 2 What does the woman out her experience of learning English’ ‘A Itmade her doub! fone particular method B_ Itmade her de mea linguist Citmac more independent perso Extract Two You hear two academics discussing the issue of university courses in other European countries being taught in English. 3. The woman feels that the demand for co wught in English A isattificially created by the universities B reflects the ambitions of the staff who teach on th 7m a need to attract students fror 4 How has the man’s faculty sought to help international students’ A byallowing them to make recordings of the teachers B by providing © by making lectures availa ort during tutorials Baract Three You hear part ofa discussion programme about technology in the workplace. 5 a rethink in attitudes ions are be usiness are ni 67 hers agi ing faced by workers leading softwar ‘ore integrated operating systems. mpanies. 65Eee Asixth sense Reading (Paper 1 Part 6) read the ttle of the text, which is a film tite, Have you seen the film? hat was it about? s being referred to i 2 Read the task and mark which blogger question. Then mark the key words in each question. .o understand what the bloggers are Read all the reviews quickly saying about the film 4 Dothe task s by bloggers of a film called The Sixth You are going to read four reviews from the bloggers A-D. The bloggers may Sense. For questions 1-4, choose be chosen more than once. Which blogger | Vocabulary | Sa Match 1-6 with (a-f to make common expressions. Then find she expressions in the text. 1 a 2 b 4 4 é f bb Match the expressions in Exercise 6a with their meanings:ae @ On ist soving The Sixth Sense years ago, it exceeded ‘my expectations in alm respect. l believe that e viewer perceive life 32 is one of thos nary movies which ticks that box for me. The ending came as such a batt out ofthe blue viewing that | felt compelled to r through once more, in a seenit tot my en on that frst nd and watch it all effort to work out why | hadn't coming, During that second ‘a completely diferent perspective and yet oyment was hardly diminished at all, Like many viewers, coming back to it years later, I've tried to detect shortcomings in the plot but failed to pinpoint any at al What makes ths fim so wonder isn't simply the acting, or the terror it insti, ar even the plot itself i's the way in which the director carefully crafts a tale that completely absorbs the viewer came imagna don’t consider it heavily Dhilosoprical or particulary thought-provoking. I's one that ve gone back to repeated, though, andi repays ‘spotted before. It is a briliant film, plain Itis unique in that it reies on imagination an ogy to scare you, The director did a fabulous ing the imagery ofthe fim and | genuinely dnt suspect the final plot twist until it The Sith Sense goes in my book as t Psychological horror film I've ever seen, It stands up 3t possible scrutiny, You won't find ar nsistencies in the way the story unfolds, no matt how many times you watch it. 3S revealed, single greatest Module 6 A sixth sense ¢ | —_ a = te @ This is an incredibly powertul fim, awa bbut never stooping to sentimental sh with emotion It really gets under and makes you reconsider your own existenck you'd never expect. This is the story of one that you'll never forget. All your worst childhood nightmar and then some. Stil, 0 tafway through, than me but that oi to say that figured out the this to say: you may ‘tmake this a b most of us the twist in the tale is jus lu The force of the denouement ‘ond viewing, 0 but its ing trying to spot any clues planted along the way. Even ifthe idea of that doesn't enthral you, I'd say don't miss the to see this movie again, 1s® its an almost perfect example of its genre. simply b ® There can be no denying that the unfolding ofthe plot in The Sixth Sense is particularly clever but to my mind, | the hype about the surprise ending actualy people's attention from the fim finer qualities. | have ‘some sympathy when people say that a plot twist doesn't make a fim but surely, they are missing the point about this one. The director's skill here is the way he both keeps you giued to your seat and makes you reflact on some eternal questions, Maybe | read too much into this very wonderful film but few touch on these subjects so oignantly and so well. Coming back to ths fim after so many years, | can see that it has been widely imitated and that impact. For that reason alone, you might prefer to resist the temptation to sit through it agair 67Module 6 Asixth sense | | Vocabulary development 2 \| > cB Emotional reactions: idiomatic expressions 1 Complete the sentences with prepositions from the box, down ina) off_on out _over 1 When | heard about my son’s new job, | was __ cloud nine 2 Wewere ____two minds ab do next 3 Itwas a beautiful day and we were _ high spints. 4 Youseem a little you OK? 5 He hardly spoke all evening - he was _ such a rage. hat 10 _very of sorts today - are 6 My father went ___the deep end when told him about the accident 7 He's always a bit _ nthe dumps on Mondays 8 1 was ___ the moon about the news. Emotional reactions: collocations and everyday expressions 2 Choose the correct answer (A, B or C). 1 OK, | musty 10 _ my temper and be polite Bmaintain Chold __ himself together and stay Atake B pull C throw 3 Im alraid situations lke me mad. Adve Bush cu 4 When the restaurant got the bill wrong, my mother scene, as usual. Adis Bhad Cmade 5 My patience is thin with my children at the moment. Hl Awearing ——Bieeling Ceoing 6 Until my dog eventualy turned up. was myself with Aover Bup Cheside 7 \ felt so emotional that imo I Aburst Biel C spilled 8 | was thriled to with the neve Ascra Bbits Cstice 9 |______ into a rage with the managet Aran Bleapt C flew 10 It really gets on my when trains are cancelled for no Anerves B mind C brains arent reason. ‘Match the expressions in italics in Exercise 2 with their meanings. Write the infinitive of the expressions. 1 cause a fuss _ 2 make someone very, Ver 3 be unable to control you you are very angry, worried, 4 manage to control your angé 5 be very, very excited 6 suddenly become very angry 7 start crying a 8 stop being emotional — 9 run out — 40 annoy someone a Choose the correct answers. 1 Ifyou are seething. you are angry / disappointed. 2 ifsomething winds you up, ita 3 If you are scared stif, you are livid / terfied | 4 Ifyou couldn't care less about something, you are distracted / indifferent 5 If you well up, its because you find something ‘moving / annoying 6 Ifyou are sick and tires ill/ bored. | 7 If you are on edge, you are angry 8 Fyou snap at someone, you say / do something angrily ays / worries YOU. vous. | Complete the conversations with words or phrases from Exercise 4 | | {A: You look rather angry | B: im absolutely (1) with rage. 2 | AK: What’ (2) you up so muc! | B: Oh, Im just (@)___ of my ba | A Of deat! Ive never seen you so agitated | B: Itstrue. | even (4) atone of my | colleagues earlier | A: That's unlike you | 2 | A Whats up? | 8; Imabiton(S) | {have to do. | | ‘A: Really? You said earlier that you couldn't © less about it B; | think Iwas trying to convince myself A: Look, youre (7) up just talk You poor thing s, Im actually (8) aboutit stiff about it 8Language developme Verb + -ing or infinitive with to? 1 Complete the text with the correct fo verbs in brackets, Are you a super-taster? qa) (2) (3) (4) ered (5) (7) (8) (9) (10) Verb + object + infinitive/-ing (6) 2 Complete the sentences using the words in brackets. Add pronouns where necessary Asixth sense EJ Verb + -ing form/infinitive with a change of meaning Choose the correct answers, Tick (¥) the correct sentences, C mistakes in the wrong ones, 1 ‘orrect the 3 69A sixth sense (Paper 1 Part 3) 1 Read the title of the text. What is the sixth believe 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning t again carefully and think about the form 4 Dothe task 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below, Use the word given in capitals at the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) Do you have a sixth sense? (0) IMAGINE a) SENSE (2) (3) (4) COMFORT (5) AWARENESS. (6) REPEAT (7) SCEPTIC (8) NUMBERWriting > cB EW EXPERT STRATEGY } (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) Analysing the task 1 Read the task and mark the following: 1 who you are writing for 2 what you need to include. Your class has attended a discussion on the impact of mobile phones on modern society. You have made the notes below. The impact of mobile phones on modern society + communication + health and safety + language skills ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion | think they're responsible for why people don't talk to each other as much as they did on: Ws m fe a huge di now get nce to many people’ lives, nelp when they need it People don't bother to spell properly any more: Module 6 Asixth sense Ey Match the sentences in Exercise 2a with the opinions in the task. Does each sentence agree or disagree with the opinion? Match the supporting points and examples (a-g) with the topic sentences (1-3) in Exercise 2a, Keeping in contact is so much more convenient than it once was. b This is certainly rue for the very young or old _ © Many accidents are caused by people using their mobiles when they are driving. d It could be argued that this is quite a creative use of language. _ e tis invaluable for parents checking up on their young people Some linguists think it has helped young xpress themselves bet g People who are shy find this form of contact much easier. Use these linking expressions to connect the topic sentences in Exercise 2a with the supporting points in Exercise 2c, More than one answer may be possible. + Strangely enough / Surprisingly + The reason for this is that / Thi ticularly in the case of 's probably because + In fact / After al + For example, + On the other hand / However / Despite this, Using appropriate language 4 Look at some ideas for each paragraph and choose ‘Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the the most appropriate phrase (A or B) from each pair. Points in the notes. You should explain which point eee you think is more important, giving reasons in A Itis often claimed that mobile phones have had a support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make effect on Use ofthe opinions expressed in the discussion, but you B Lots of people reckon that mobiles should use your own words as far as possible thing for Write your essay in 220-260 words - Para 2 Structuring paragraphs 3 Geof obec thee srebleness 2a Read some topic sentences a student wrote for the Para3 ‘main body of their essay. Which of the three notes A On the positive side, they are perceived as being in the task is each sentence about? B What people say they like about that theyre 1 There has been a lot of publicity about how Para 4: conclusion speaking on mobile phones for too long can be A If pushed to make a choice, Id come down on the bad for you. For me, this argument 1s outweighed by the huge benefits that the elderly m particular ages of us gained from using them 2 Its true that people use special text language. se but it's not because they can't wnte wel, ene se 3 | think that people actually get in touch with 5 each other more than they used to, even if they might not actually speak. Now do the task in Exercise 1 nmHome matters Vocabulary development 1 > cB Word formation 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words in brackets. Some (1) _____ (psychology) believe that people's (2) (behave) often changes when they return home to visit their patents. They might, for example, have a strong (3)__(reaet) to something that their parents say to them, however innocently the comment was intended. As a result, their attitude may be quite (4) __(defend) or even come across as open (5) __ (defy). This ‘can seem a rather (6) ___ (character) way for the person to behave and friends and relatives may be ‘very surprised by the strength of their response. It often happens without any conscious (7) _(aware) ‘on the person's part and in most cases the feelings they have are totally (8) _(relevance) to the present time, However, since the feelings probably link back to childhood (9) _ (occur), knowing, what triggers them may be able to free people from the (10) (limit) imposed by the past. Home and family: expressions and idioms 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrases in the box. arhome (x2) come home (x2) hit home hhome from home home in out of house and home -omment abe 1. When my friend made th really __ because | knew it was true 2. As soon as 1d unpacked all my belongings, | immediately felt _ he 3 The interviewer on the fact that I'd left my previous job after only a few months 4 | goon about switching lights off until the co but nobody takes any notice whatsoever 5 [love having visitors but | spend my life refiling the ridge; they're eating m 6 They lost, although they wer 7 When ist going to relationship is ov 8 The hotel was areal felt more comfortable an e couldn't have 2 Words that are easily confused 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 There are only a restricted / limited amount of tickets available for sale on the day. 2 Alter months of nse fighting, the two sides agreed to have talks. 3 Our opinions differ / differentiate in so many ways. 4 Im amused by her Sh enthusiasm. fent on the 5 There was a very strange a. coad on the way here. 6 The information is offered / provided in the br 7 Lagree with the principal / principle of wearing a uniform while on duty. B I think 'm going to lay / lie down before we go out chure. Living at home 4 Complete the text with the correct form of the ‘words and phrases in the box. hing downside likelihood throw deposit do your o | outbursts pointless regard spark off take for granted | | The new family Official figures show that the number of young adults | living with their parents has risen by 25 percent in the ast 20 years, mainly because of growing unemployment and rising house prices. ‘So what are the pros and const § ‘Tom, 22, q “did rent a flat for a bit, but you soon miss all the things you (1) © such as finding milk in the fridge | and hot water for the showers. On the (2) ___ though, it’s quite hard to just (3) __as you can) when you're independent. My parents get ratty when |) eave lights on and so on - that usually (4) _ arow! ‘Tom's mother “In many ways, it's lovely having him back. And it bit 6) __ him paying a lot of money to ren a flat when we live only a (6) _ __ away, and he could be saving up for a (7)__ ona flat buy. However, Ido admit to having (8) _ from time to time with him, mainly about things like using all the hot water or not keeping the house tidy. | thik) he (9) ‘the place as his student house rathes | than our home. Although in all (10) he'll be here for some time unless the economy picks up-"Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze Module 7 Home matters Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. Read the text in each gap. C ain carefully and think about the type of word that will fit you predict the answer without looking at the options? Do the task. Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Should we stay at home? suing t (0) a) (2) @) (4) ie ; ; taking every (5) (6) y world le ) mt , @) : OA B c Diace | 1A 8 c D 2A B c 3A 8 c 4A 8 c 5A 3 Copponinty D 6A 8 c D | 7A 8 Cath D BA 8 c D 73Module 7 Home matters Language development 1 > CBp 109.66 Cleft sentences: emphasis with what, the thing, the reason, the place, all ... 1 Complete the sentences with words and phrases from the box. GI thejob the month the one thing the person the place sason what 1 that used to drive me mad was his Joud music. 2 ™ that we ask our son to pay us rent is Decause it teaches him to be responsible 3 well have to talk to about itis your uncle 4 I get most fed up with is shopping for food and ironing, 5 ______ we usually go off to when the kids are faving friends round isthe cinema 6 ask in life is for my family to be happy and healthy 7 held ove to apply for would involve moving to Australia B theyre expecting to move out is March 2. Rewrite the sentences. 1 I phoned Joe and then drove round to see hi What did - 2. The car in front of me stopped suddenly and | went into it What happened ——_—__— 3 I'd realy love to visit Venice one day. The place 4 We asked th to0 much wor The reason __ 5 Youll find the mo: you is at York ‘The place __— 6 {1d really love to go hang-elic What ___ 7. She wishes shed found a job nearer home What she wishes she __ 8 My ambition has always been 10 wor endangered species A (9 leave in was ble university course for ‘once in my life 4 Emphasis with it + be 3 Complete the responses using itand the words in brackets, Ak; | heard youd moved to the States, B. No, (I) {ony brother / move / there) A: Didnt you use to play tennis B: No, (2) (squash / play / with her ‘A: And you must have left the company when | di in 2005? B: No, (3)___ (not until 2009 /Teave) ‘A: I hear you and your wife met in New York B: No, (4) = a (Philadelphia / meet) A: So, are you going to move back to Manchester? B: No, (5) _ {imy parents / want / move back here) And will they move here straightaway? No. (6) - - {only by sling their other house /be able to / afford / move) ee 4. Rewrite the sentences so that the emphasis is on the information in italics. 1 We only realised when we were nearly home. Twas _ 2. A friend of mine suggested ¥ twas ___ 3 The council won't do anything about the roads unt the end of the year. twont be 4 ove lots of things about thi ove most is the weather. ye wasnt with u ‘alled the police country but the thing Ws 5 | was finally able to hand in the work on Wednesday Itwasn't a 6 Until saw her. | didrit realise how bad she was. itwasUse of E 1 Read the title of the text and think about what you are going to read (Paper 1 Part 2) 2 Read the whole text kly to get the general meaning, 3 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. 4 Do the task. 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). No place like home (0) ” (2) @) (4) (5) | 6) ” (8)Module 7 Home matters Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) Sentence completion 1 Read the instructions for the task. Who is going {0 be speaking? ee __ What will that person be speaking about? EXPERT STRATEGY D2. Read the sentences in the task. How much do you find out about the topic? 3 Tryto predict the type of information that you need to listen for im each gap. 4G) Do the task me You will hear a radio presenter called Ruby Eversden talking about an y jntemational hospitality network known as couchsurfing, For questions 1-8, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. Couchsurfing EXPERT LANGUAGE ) ——_—— EXPERT WORD CHECK Rut (3) (5) (7) re (8) in 6Seeing the world Vocabulary development 2 Travel 1 Complete the text with wor from the box When I left university, 1 went backpacking around South America for a year. My family and friends thought I was mad because I wanted to do it on my own and they said it would be fraught with wo But I wanted to be able to get right away from everything I knew for a while I found myself in many (2) situations. For example, once when I was on the road in Brazil, a long-distance bus I was on broke down in the middle of @ and we were completely (4) until it got fixed. We did all sleep (5) that night, but it was fine ~ we rose to the (6) and survived to tell the tale! The trip taught me many things. I became much more (7) and better at doing things on the 6) of the moment, And I made lots of friends along the way Travel: collocations and phrasal verbs plete the sentences with the correct form of 2 Con the verbs in the box Look at your answers to Exercise 2 and match the phrasal verbs and collocations (1-8) with their ;nings (ah). . Travel and transport: idioms 4 Choose ti correct answer (A, B or C) A 8 c 2 A B c A B c 6 A 8 c A B c A 8 c 7Seeing the world Reading (Paper 1 Part 7) xt 1 Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do you think the text will be about? 2 Read the main text quickly and answer the questions. 4 f i 3a Read the task and the paragraph before gap 1. What do you think the Writer is waiting for? What do you think the red dot is? b Now read the paragraph after gap 1, What do you think my taxi refers to? Read the whole paragraph to be sure. Read the options and decide which fits in this gap. What tells you that each of the other options doesn’t fit in this gap? 4 Dothe rest of the task XPERT S v PYou are going to read a newspaper atl. Sx paragraphs have been removed from the article Choos from the paragraphs A-G the one which its each ‘gap (1-6). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need t0 use. A - 1 GW 78mae aoa a ‘. mY In the wilds of America’s largest national park, the best way to get around is by plane. My reni 2vous with the wilderness is set for 6 p.m., on the edge of a remote Alaskan village with a population of just 150. “Park alongside the log cabin and wait, but stay away from the stretch of ground beside the ca park, hours from Anchorage to get to the village of Chitina re the instructions in the email. lve driven four and stand staring at the cloudy sky: In the distance, a red dot appears, My taxi has arrived, with Paul Claus at the wheel aviator, adventurer and owner of Ultima Thule, a lodge 100 miles from the nearest road, where | am to stay for the next three days. We board the plane and leave Civilisation far behind. Paul’s father, John, was a teacher in Anchorage, eager to climb in the Alaskan mountains but frustrated by how hard it was to access them. Rt John staked a claim to a patch of land beside the Chitina Eleanor set about building a modest wooden cabin and landing strip. Decades later, when the Wrangell-St Elias National Park was established, the Claus family were allowed to keep their land, one of only a handiul of Private properties within a park the size of Switzerland. Seeing the world BI ] ‘When the lodge runs out of supplies, one of the family hops into a plane and flies out to get them, ‘Lots of celebrities like coming because they can be absolutely sure that no paparazzi can get up here,’ says Paul, as the Otter passes miles of mountainous nowhere. He tells me about the time he took the actor Jim Carrey, a regular guest, on an emergency flight to carry diesel to some stranded trekkers, ‘Il never forget their faces, a “How do you fancy a hike up the mountain behind the lodge tomorrow, weather permitting?’ asks Paul over dinner on the first night. I look up at the peak apprehensively 5 Flying in the Supers tobe as we do this time, turns out an experience in itself, It has no electric motor, so the propeller has to be manually spun to start it Once airborne, the featherweight plane skims low across the river and then soars upwards, as nimble as a buzzing bee While he flies off to fetch the stand waiting beside my guide, enjoying the silence. Around us there is nothing but wild Alaskan nature; snowy peaks and slaciers disappear into the far distance. We walk for several hours over mossy ground, with no trees, occasionally snow, a few wild sheep and, according to the guide, a brown bear in the distance.Seeing the world Oth s Language development 2 eae a 3. Complete the sentences withthe correct form of Past tenses for hypothetical meanings: wish/if only 1 Choose the correct answers, 1 2 3 4 4 5 4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets 2 Write sent using [wish or Ifonly. More that More than one answer may be possible one answer may be possible 8 80Key word transformations 1 Read the instructions for the task and look at the example. Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the ‘meaning hasn't changed. Use of English (Paper 1 Part 4) 2 Do the task. HELP >a . For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar > Oz : ‘meaning to the frst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word rary given. Here is an example (0). 0 Drewis not happy with my decision, APPROVE EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Drew 2 my decision, 1. Jonas regrets his decision to live in a student residence. ‘WISHES Jonas to lve in a student residence. 2 Allocal company cuts the grass while the family are away on holiday. GETS The family ___alocal company when they are away on holiday 3. Frances had absolutely no idea that her brother had decided 10 leave hame ‘ABACK Frances was___her brother's decision to leave home 4. Only students with a valid ID card are allowed to use the library AS Students may use the library possession of a valid ID card. 5. Ifthe weather doesn’t improve, the building is unlikely to be completed on time, UTTLE Unless chance of the building being completed on time. 6 Ifany delegates require parking, they should contact the conference organiser TOUCH Any delegates ___with the conference organiser. 7 If could choose, Id much rather travel by train than by air FAR Giver travel by train than by air. 8 ing her first term at university Itlooks _ her first term at university 9. Glen thought that it would be better if Clare knew as litle as possible, Less Glen thought that __. the better 10_ In the end, Graeme spent a lat of money on taxi fares up Graeme _ deal of money on taxi fares | =Module 7 Seeing the world Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Letter) > cB ew came tid EXPERT STRATEGY Analysing the task 1 Read the task and answer the questions, 1 Who are you 2 What style of writing to inguage will you us You work for an overseas voluntary organisation and have been asked to writ to the prinicipals of secondary schools and universities to inform them about your programme and encourage young pec Your letter should: + summarise the type of work available * say what, if any, experience is needed to do the work * outline the benefits for participants Write your letter in 220-260 words Choosing what to include 2. Lookat the notes and decide which of the information is not relevant to the task. Topic sentences 3 Read a student's answer and complete it with these topic sentences. Ignore the words in italics at this stage, a For some placements - for exameple, in the fi kil b Voluntee 82 file Edit View Insert Format Table Help Dear Sir/Madam, | am writing to Jet you know about our organisation, which | am sure students at your school or college vill find interesting as many of them may well be keen to do voluntary work overseas after completing their studies. Every year, volunteers are sent on more than 100 projects across 18 different countries. Our placements are ideal for gap yeas, short breaks and short work holidays. a A typical day’s work could involve helping local people to build a well ora school caring for disadvantaged children or collecting data from the rainforest. 2) For others you just need to be really enthusiastic and you also need to show you can put in a lot of effort. @) to rechan In addition, it can be an invaluable time = batteries, build confidence, confront new challenges and make new friends who will last a fifetime ‘nd of course, what will never be forgotten is the experi pethaps learning a new language atthe same time you need further information, feel free 10 vin touch via our website. Yours faithfully. | | cin Using appropriate language 4 Replace the phrases in italics in the letter with these more formal ones. 6 should 7 assisting 8 make 10 Features of good writing 5 Find an example of the following structures in the letter. 1 impersonal/pass 2 empha th 3 relative cau 4 formal linkin jor Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1 © of spending a longer time in a new cultureA rich life Mixing business and pleasure | Vocabulary development 1 >cB | Business: phrasal verbs 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of a verb from A and a preposition from B. A 8 lay start take (x2) down off (e2) out | turn wind over _up 1 As soon as Marco left school, he his own stationery business 2 Unfortunately, although he struggled for several years, the business never really 3 Eventual, he had to some of 4 However, he then met someone who want his own business so that he could retire 5 He asked Marco if he would like to it as a going concern. 6 The gamble very well and he's no sucet | businessman, Verb + noun collocations 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. iake (2) do give play run take (x2) 1 After being made redundant, Anna decided to a gamble and set up on her own, ie had never dreamed of __ 25 a company before. 3 However, she decidedto__itatry 4 At first, the company didn't any profi 5 However, she preferred to it safe rather than any risks, 6 Its now very well indeed, and alot of money. Business: prepositions 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 Te always wanted to go in / into business with Ben, 2 We've just embarked in / on a new project together 3 Tony has gone away an / in business, ’m afraid, 4 Thats none of / on your business 5 That firm has gone out / down of business. 6 Were working very hard to stay wth / in business ‘Compounds 4 Choose the correct answer (A, B or C). 1 The of the big retail frm caused shockwaves Atake-up Brakeover takeout 2The___ from my customers was very positive Acomeback —Bialkback_—_C feedback 3 My____last year was more than Vd hoped for turnover Bturn-out_ ——Cturnround 4 We were obviously affected by the in the economy. Adownfall — Bdownturn C downgrade 5 ve got a really heavy _ at the moment Aworkload —Bjobload CC taskload 6 Its really important for a business to have a of contacts Agroupwork —B team C network Business 5 Complete the text with words from the box. disaster disillusioned running sailing ser balance lucrative entrepreneurs let ‘2 stumbled Prema ery oie ie etd Every year in the UK, more than half a million people star up a business. Some are clearly natural (1) who have come up with or (2) ‘across a fantastic idea they turn into a successful new product or a(n) (3) they can sell. Some are looking for greater flexibility ora better work-life (4) itcanend up being (5)___ if you are fortunate, but there are no guarantees and it rarely turns out to be plain (6) Some ideas are a recipe for (7) — and never really get up and (8) Some businesspeople go from strength to strength: far more will eventually get (9) and have to (10)___their dream goModule 8 Mixing business and pleasure Use of English Multiple-choice cloze HELP EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 84 1 2 3 4 (Paper 1 Part 1) Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will ft in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? Do the task Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example atthe beginning (0). The demise of the bookstore ' i O} o ; q @ @ ena(4) 6) © ” ® oA 8 c D A 8 c D 2A 8 c D 3A 8 c D aA 8 c D 5A 8 c D 6 AV 8 c D TA 8 c D BA c DLanguage development 1 > CBp 125 66 Emphasis using negative introductory expressions 1 Tick (V) the correct sentences. Correct the mistakes in the wrong ones. 1 Under any circumstances could | ever run a company, 2 Rarely has a business of this kind taken off so quickly 3 After only borrowing from my family was | able to achieve my dreams 4 Under no circumstances | ever want to work that hard again! 5 Not since was | a child had | been so afraid of something, 6 Never will | see such a fantastic place again. 7 Hardly had he taken his coat off when the phone went 8 Atno time you must never touch that switch 2 Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 1 in a non- emphatic way. 3 Rewrite the sentences beginning with the words in brackets. 1 You must never try to launch a business without doing market research. (Under no circumstances) 2 Iwould never have given up my day jab before being sure that the business would make money. (Never) 3 investors wont be interested in putting money into the business until they've seen a detailed business plan, (Not until) 4 You shouldnit assume that you willbe given a loan from the bank, (At no time) 5 My website was only just up and running when enquiries came flooding in. (Barely) 6 Ihave hardly ever felt more relieved than when | began to make some money, (Rarely) Module 8 Mixing business and pleasure Rewrite the sentences beginning with a word or phrase from the box litle no sooner not only on no account only after only mow rarely under no circumstances 1 You should never have signed that contract. 2 Ididr't realise how difficult the process would be. 3 I will have to write a business plan and talk to the bank as well. 4 Hed already set off for the airport when he remembered he'd left his passport behind, 5 Id only just arrived at the park with the dog when it started to rain. 6 We hardly ever eat out in places lke this, 7 You mustn't open the door while we're out, whatever happens. 8 We are only just ready to leave. Emphasis through fronting parts of the sentence 5 Rewrite the sentences beginning with the words in bold. 1 The film has been so popular that were going to have a repeat showing, 2 The scenery is even more impressive than the wildlife 3 The sun came out, just in time for the picnic. 4 Ttmay be lovely, but ts abo very expensive 5 jarves rove up ust as we were about leave 6 He was annoyed but he 7 ier confidence in he ability was foeh that we were allarazed 8 An old man in a dark coat was outside the hotel.Module 8 wy Mixing business and pleasure Use of English (Paper 1 Part 3) Word formation 1 — Read the title of the text and think about what you are going to read, 2. Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning, 3. Read the text again carefully and think about how to change the word that wil fit in each gap. 4 Do the task. 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) The origin of plastic payment cards (0) fc th ar il op : FINANCE a manding immediate pay suPPLY ed (2) x UKE () ‘ ations: the ENDURE hose day’ mer (4) TRANSACT th handwritten cheques. Although chai cards wer iyin (5) nese were EXIST pape 50 (6) tom or defas EASY At the Bu 2s mak t APPLY smbOss a P n ith the a ld name ani letals, a technological (8) BREAK 86nd pleasure Mixing busines ng (Paper 3 Part 4) 1 Read the instr to hear? Vi the tasks. How many extrac ers going to talk about? What are you listeni Look at Task Mark the key words in ne options and think about them in relation to the task b Now words in the optio ok at Task Two, What are you li s and Mark the ke Nn to the task 3 L > the tasks. Remembs ker. task for eact You will hear five short extracts in which businesspeople are talking about running a retail shop. TASK ONE TASK TWO For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-H) each For questions 6-10, choose from the list (A-H) how speakers main reason for starting a business. each speaker feels about the business now. While you listen, you must complete both tasks. 8 8 7 c i . Ei 3] Bl 4 9 G 5 ‘ [roy——— A means to an end? Reading (Paper 1 Part 5) Multiple choice EXPERT STRATEGY 1 HELP EXPERT WORD CHECK 1 88 Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do you think the text will be about? Can you predict the writer's attitude to the topic? Read the text quickly to see if you were right. Read question 1 and mark the key words, Then read the text carefully to find the section which contains the answer. Choose the option that best answers the question according to the text. Repeat the procedure for the other questions. You are going to read an article about the relationship between material possessions and happiness. Fr questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or ) which you think fits best according to the text. 11 In the first paragraph, the writer is ‘A. giving reasons why an accepted truth isso widely believed B exposing the weaknesses in a commonly held assumption. providing examples in support of her personal viewpoint D. questioning the logic of a popularly accepted theory. 2 The writer gives the example of hers A how difficult it would be to live w B how superficial is our feeling of atta iphone to illustrate ut certain key possessions, cchment to pieces of technology © how quickly we become accustomed to the advantages of Dhow thet ds affects ou! lasting value f consumer view of their fear of losing certain 3. Inthe third paragraph, the writer material goods A at ie Bic a reflection of the cost of having to replace them. c 1m of placing too much importance on them | . response fo our emo ment to them. | 4) The word it in line 47 refers to Aan important change. B aneve C _aserious mistake. D_ astrong feeling 5 inthe fourth paragraph, the w' order to A pK B show how mi dem he ideas of Plat laken her uncle's w folk theot ft misguided. 6 Inthe final paragraph, the writer ‘A. guard against complacency in c B be prepared for both go% strive be Dace, attitudes to life j times and hardships in ose of others. ods to our ives. mpr hour own lives and th ve contribution of consbetter off rl aha bette r ing pain pain, we will e¢ normality: One pop ften dignified by refere that happines that if something mi oe neither happine t neces misery in th listinction that functional an than action with life. T‘Vocabulary development 2 > cB Phrasal verbs: money 1 Match the sentence halves, 1 At the moment m scraping 2 | got totaly ripped 3 Ive just taken’ 4 Most of my money is tied 5 Ive put some money 6 | managed to beat 7 if came 8 I would help you {2 out a subscription to that new nature magazine b into a fortune, I'd start a business, ¢ by on very little money as its the end of term. out financially f| could, but !m broke again @ him down in the end but | had to haggle for ages. f off at that new restaurant | went to last week g up in investments h by for an emergency. 2 Match the phrasal verbs in bold in Exercise 1 with their meanings. 1 be unavailable for anything else 2 save money to use later 3 have only just enough money to live on 4 persuade someone to reduce their price 5 be charged too much money 6 inherit 7 make a financial arrangement 8 give assistance Prepositions 3 Complete the sentences with prepositions from the box. beyond by for in into of on (2) 1 Was there a discount or did you have to pay full? 2 Most students at this college are grant. 3 Are you allowed to pay restaurant? Ive just paid my salary 5 Sarah is always short of the month. 6 Unfortunately, this car is only mine's being repaired. 7 My friend is often hard-up because she tends to live ______ her means 8 (think that trip is excellent value __ money. card at that __ my account money at this time __loan while Collocations 4 Complete the sentences with words from the box. bargain cause costs deal earth even regular savings 1 He doesn't ear a fortune but he has a(n) ___income. 2 We usually have to be careful what we spend at the end of the month but we usually manage to break 3 That handbag she bought cost the though it was in the sae. 4 In order to cut - our power supplier even we're going to change 5 Tony got a good _at the currency exchange. 6 love spotiinga__and saving myself money 7 1am happy to donate a monthly sum to a worthy 8 Shell never be well-off because she can't resist dipping into her 5 Choose the correct answers. Rede a eu Sam: If we're staying in, we sometimes get an Indian takeaway or something to (1) share / divide. If we go out for a drink, we usually just (2) split/ cut the bill between us. Emily: When you go out to a restaurant or a club, you sometimes get special (3) charges / rates if you're a student, so look out for them. When | go out with a friend, | prefer to pay my own (4) way / part. ‘Vanessa: When you rent a student fat, be careful there are no hidden (5) additions /extras. And it's generally better to pay (6) upright /up front than on credit, as long as you get a receipt Jesse: | am much better at (7) dealing / handling ‘money than | was at the beginning of term. My tip, {sto (8) withdraw / extract only a certain amount ‘every week from the bank ~ then you know where you are.Language development 2 Modifying comparisons Complete each gap with one word or phrase from A and one from B. Is it cheaper to be a woman than a man? You would expect that clothes for both sexes would _ if they're identical but although this is true in some shops, others charge men + which may seem unfair, given that rial. Only a tiny bit, their clothes often use more mé true, but it’s the principle that counts. However, women over the year do spend (3) nearly twice the amount, in fact, And predictably, men spend (4) as their wives or girlfriends do — again, around half the It scems that hairdressers charge (5) women’s haircuts than men's almost double, unless they know someone who will ‘cut it at home. And of course, the cost of make-up ‘means that women are (6) regards spending on appearance, However, women do for the same brands of moisturiser Ve now started wearing. Women are paying which many men to compare prices and wait before making a purchase, whereas men tend just to Women, who are very generous. Men and women ‘on entertainment, There is very Module 8 Ameans to an end? Other ways of making comparisons 2 Tick (¥) the correct sentences. Correct the ji | mistakes in the wrong ones. 1 too hot for g on the be 2 I'm getting more and more worried, ‘| 4 Sf y that it expanded all 5 I'd prefer giving up the business than risk losing all 6 The lit Dw, the bet 7 Held soone yed than work with that a1 uick enoug the 3 Choose the correct answers, Ways to make money from home Rather than do extra hours at workin these difcul times, it makes (1) a great deal / far more sense to F example, you could nd if you act (3) as / like a the airpor id ot rent outa spare ful just for a room. you'd prefer © an overseas student, you can improve (our linguistic skills at the same time ~ many peopl nd it (6) such a /s0 good experience and make so many new friends that they say they would do it witho f your house isn't big enough (7) to accommodate ls you wear them so clear some 918B Rau Ameans to an end? Use of English (Paper 1 Part 4) Key word transformations 1 HELP Caen eANGUAGE 1 92 Read the instructions for the task and look at the example, Think about how the two sentences are different and notice how the ‘meaning hasn't changed. Do the task. For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) 0 Do you think you could help me lift the HAND. Would y 1 My brother managed to get a place at a prestigious business college SUCCEEDED My brother at a prestigious business college 2. Despite the poor economic climate, the company increased s sales, MANAGED he company spite of the poor economic ¢ 3. Dan didn't realise hed forgotten his passport until he arrived al DID 4. Very few busines MAKE 5 Ken’ family persuaded him to ask for a salary in TALKED, 6 The end of the film, unpredictable couLo 7 Very few club Meet EFFORT Hard over 9 Many fewer shoppers have been visiting the mall lately SHARP There has bee number ¢ JO. Students may not use the staff entrance under any circumstances.9 The world of sci Bite: Personal challenges Vocabulary development 1 > Word formation: science 1 Complete the sentences with words formed from the words in brackets. 1 Myson is hoping to study —_ (chemist) at university 2 The __ {invent ofthe internet is stil relatively recent one, 3 Ive always been interested in the idea of _____ {astronomy} research 4 Theyve set off on an___(explore) trip into space. 5 To be a scientist, you need quite an_ (analyse) brain 6 I believe that__ (engineer) isa very popular subject these days. 7 They have said that _ (atmosphere) pressure is very high today 8 Before our child was born, we went to speak toa netics) Expressions connected to space 2 Choose the correct answers, 1 Idon't know why you're having so many problems those instructions. Putting a blender together is tly space / racket science! 2 My daughter sometimes looks at me as though Im from another planet / star 3 We only go to expensive restaurants once ina blue sky / moon 4 Unless we baok the flights soon, prices are going to rocket / fly 5 | did study some physics once but that’s many suns / moons ago 6 ‘havent slept well for a couple of days, so fm eeling a bit spaced / shuttled out 94 Ways of seeing 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. glance glimpse peer sight view 1 We should get a great ___ of the moon. 2 I know Liz by _ — but lve never met her. 3 She only got a quick of the singer as he ‘was rushed into the car 4 Astonished, Tom just sat and into space, 5 I could see her___at the menu, obviously unable to see it very well without her glasses 6! ‘at her quickly but she didn't meet my eyes. Idioms with like 4 Match the sentence halves 1 Its hard to tell her daughters apart. Theyre _ 2 Dont talk to Deb about her ex-husband. It's 3 | had nothing in common with anyone at the conference. | felt 4 The teacher stressed to him how important the homework was but it was 5 He never looks where he's going. He's 6 Jo is determined to get what he wants. He a like a bull in a china shop. b like a dog with a bone. ¢ like a fish out of water d like a red rag to a bul ¢ like two peas in a pod. f like water off a duck’ back Prepositional phrases 5 Choose the correct answers. 1 Asmall bright time to time 2 Fora small handful of people, that dot on /at the horizon isa place called hom 3 The spacecraft flies at / in 17,500 mph. 44 Ifyou are there for a week oF two, you are on / at high the whole time. 5 On//In time, people can perfect the skil of fying around the spacecraft 6 The faces from /on the other side of the hatch are always pleased to see you 7 In/ Atorbit, things are weightless 8 By /On the downside, many astronauts lose theit sense of smell and taste appears low in the sky at fromModule 9 Personal challenges Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 2 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that wil fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3° Do the task. 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place, Does it make | complete sense? HELP > 0: For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The search for extra-terrestrial intelligence > Q4 EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 2(0) 4 ara | signals from any alien civil s planetary system | On th ion, Drake (1) ' Rn hought couldn't have come from a natural source. As it (2) @) his disappointment, Drake went on to develop a wi w area of research called astrobiology, (4) ask expanded he story (5) € of radio silence punctuat (6) alarms, Ye p ofr books this (7) Of research has never been mi Bvidence is (8) that many stars in our galaxy han on which life might have originated, and advances in techr it easier to detect al it does exist So it couk at t ing is discove 0 Apointed Bs C posed Ds 1 Aspotted caught c Dbrougt 2 Ashow Brurne Cworke De 3 AWhilst BA CAlthoug DD. 4 Adevote 8 Cpe D 5 Apessist Boor C remain: D kee 6A B wrong C mist Di 7 Azone B provin C scope Diieid i 8 Aenlarging —_B growing C swell Dexpai 953. Tick (¥) the c mistakes in the wro rrect sentences. Correct the Review of reported speech 3 1 Report the direct speech. : Impersonal report structures 4 5 tructure. Begin with the words in brackets. ort the statements using an impersonal Patterns after reporting verbs 2 Report the statements using the reporting verbs in 8Module 9 Personal challenges Use of English (Paper 1 Part 3) Word formation 1 Read the title of text and think about what you are going to read, 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. 3 Read the text again carefully and think about how to change the word that will fit in each gap. 4 Do the task 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? HELP >Q For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same Nr line. There is an example at the beginning (0). The colour of gold f (0) APPEAR a TRADITION. N (2) RESEARCH (3) ALTER (4) DousT (5) DISTINCT (6) DESIRE (7) JEWEL (8) SIGNIFY 97Module 9 Personal challenges Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) type of text are yo letion 1 Read the instructions for the task. to hear? What will it be about? EXPERT STRATEGY T 2 eau the sentences in the task. How much do you find out about the topic? Sentence com} 3. Try to predict the type of information that you need to listen for in each gap. 4 GP® Dothe task HELP >a You will hear a radio report about the Knee Defender, a controversial gadget used by some airline passengers. For questions 1-8, complete the > Sentences with a word or short phrase. The Knee Defender a) Q) (3) | (4) | ' (6) 7) t 2 (8)Brain power Vocabulary development 2 > cB Expressions with mind 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box take 1 I should have phoned you. !m so sorry ~ it nev my mind that you'd be worrying, 2 I'm going to go out - itll 3 That woman appears to be able to her ind to almost anythin 4 Jessica always her mind at staf meetings. She's not afraid to say exactly what she thinks about the situation. 5 | wish youd up you hoose one and let's go! 6 My mind was concentrate 7 You must it out of your mind - i's no se worrying about something that might not should pen mind abou ructuring Match the expressions in Exercise 1 (1-8) with their meanings (ah), a say what you think stop thinking about it ¢ distract me d wait until you know the facts before making a decision e occur to F apply yourself & not pay attention h decide Match the sentence halves 1 Iwas out of my mind with worry 2 Iwas @ huge weight off my mind ried on going out but at the nd right mind 5 My mind tends to go blank 6 Myc mind ofits owr a would do something so stupid b when | was told I'd been epted. € itsometimes refuses to start for no re en there was an earthquake in my daughters town © whenever | am asked a question FI knew I should be doing more studying, Remembering and forgetting 4a Complete the sentences with recall, remind or memorise. Tam trying to these French verbs for imy test 2 Can you me which episode we st time? 3 Do you here she lives? b Complete the sentences with reminder, mind or ‘memory. 1 Did the reconstruction jog your atall? 2 What st saying has completely slipped my for next time, oF when you 3 Til keep that idea in 4 That note will serve as a need to take your pills say an elephant has a really long like you! 6 That day is etched in my for ever Words connected to the mind or brain 5 Complete the text with words from the box. Some of my old classmates were unforgettable. For example, I remember someone in my class called Fred He was extremely quick-(1) and made Us all laugh a lot. He may not have been the most (2)__ student but because he could think on his (3)__and was never at a (4) for words, he would always do well. He was very popular Then there was Charlie. He was not always very quick on the (5)_with academie subjects and ‘one or two unkind people called him (6) However, he was ineredibly (7) _ at sports and we all admired him. Elena must have been a bit (8) because she was much younger than the rest of us and yet very oO about all sorts of things. Some people said she was too clever by (10) but | liked her. 99Module 9 Brain power Reading (Paper 1 Part 6) 100 ple matching 1 Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence, What are you going to read? 2 Read the task and mark the key words in each question, 3. Read all the sections quickly to get an idea of what the reviewers are saying about the book. 4 Dothe task. You are going to read four reviews of a book about how people organise their lives and possessions. For questions 1-4, choose from the reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. Which reviewer: Vocabulary 5a Choose the correct answers. Then find the verbs in the text and check. NGUAC ' 1 : 2 3 4 5 6 WORD CHEC Yb Match the verbs in Exercise Sa (1-6) with their meanings (2-4) a b c ite f ¢ Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in Exercise 5a.@ Innis book The Organize Uunfocussed discussion aspires to provide a comprehensive of the way we think about o erything that we regard 8 possessions, but | kept losing the thread of the argument ters plenty of psychological detal to make us rtlect in new and challenging ways about our mental categories, yet requertly ables in dispensing practical tips that couldnt be described as either new or challenging, Whilst agreeing with the maxim that everything should have a éxpands on that, seeming to approve of devising overly complex Organisational systems for a complex world, even describing one in in triplicate to allow filing chronologically, according to topic and by correspondent. would suggest we can 0 without most of our pa e lelers become a drag ilyou hoard every single one © ariel Levitin ganized Mind has both its strengths and weaknesses. There ae tens of thousands of words on topics that are perfectly interesting in isolation, and yet they do not seem left together and you keep wondering where its al leading. Levitin is Nc we do what we do. Organising my study is a ctferent problem to organising a "ary and Levitin forced me to engage wih that truth, Where the book als down, however, i ays ‘organising things to ts ea ch to computers lustates thi, He makes the familar argument that mulitasking is & distracting problem, but he goes fora novel solution. He sugges buying several computers, each with a single purpose: one is fo Att one for domestic tasks, ane for socal networking tc. Whilst *e8 apologetic about te cost, one wonders it many Cut this simple tix lace and be put back in that place, Levitin Module 9 Brain power @ Danie! Leviin’s book The Organized Minds great on fact but keeps returning to universal themes and ideas so that the reader begins to build up a clear picture of the issues. Along the way, we lean a great deal about diferent ways of organising things, and some handy techniques are described in enough etal for you to adopt them i you wish. The book isa bit light On insight, however, and seems to miss the valid paint that too much organisation is also a trap. Instead of geting rid of things we dont need, we buy more stuff in order to organise the stuf we already have, Most ofthe complex filing solutions which Levitin advocates arent worth the hassle, They are a poor fit forthe rich mess that is reality © The challenge of ‘getting organised’ is both commonplace and oddly particular. How we go about organising aur possessions Can be practical tothe point of banality, but it can also be Dhilosophically deep, something Levitin keeps reminding us of inhis thought-provoking book The Organized Mind. Having said thal itis his desire to be comprehensive that weighs onthe book. {tis long and, while it does include a great deal to intrigue and entertain, the rather random parade of disparate topics makes it Tess than the sum ofits parts. Levitin oes sensible practical ‘eas, but these tend to be rather well-worn, such as: ‘Why not Cary @ notebook to jot down ideas so that you don't forget them?” And when he admiringly a customised drawer for escribes the way that Jani Mitchel ch Tape, anather for masking tape, ise how woefully inadequate ouModule 9 Brain power 2 Choose the correct answers. Verbs + prepositions h nin 1 Complete the text wit prepositions from the box ae ea za at 0) ma) of ons) 4 wuldn't prevent that I go / me g Men and women's brains: mm entering , petit Adjectives + prepositions enue Ucn f ) 3. Replace the words in bold with a preposition and an -ing form. Make any changes necessary 1 Clare was really upset not to get an invita jorry he had taken 3 She had started to feel afraid to go out al 4+ . that he's won 5 tr fl that she came Vd make end to agree (1) 7 ingry that she had > the biological differe Fr 8 hankful that Id found There i each side of the brain Nouns + prepositions ays agree (3) 4. Choose the correct answers. is the extent ight explain the differer 1 The pros Fil haviour and skils which are often seen in men with great enthusiast men, Men often blame wornen (4) 2 The de i «lack awareness and wor ‘ (5) t remembering fa 3 , paying attention to detail. Perhaps we (@)_____theway 0 4 r y ome scientists, however, are k sinking that biology is the stk object (8)____the emphasis ¥ put an connections in the brain, believing that 6 I think a ; any differe ich result (9) this are _ please tiny, For these scientists, behavioural differen 7 ; the differ Jevastat 8 i falls to gits, for example, as they may feel they have 10 keep (13) taking up jobs in the caring professions, w ead Bf going for careers in areas more traditionally aimed a4) has engineering or physi 102Use of English HELP EXPERT LANGUAGE Open cloze OO 1 Module 9 Brain power Read the ttle ofthe text and think about what you're going to read. (Paper 1 Part 2) Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning. Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. Do the ta Read through the text again, with your answers in place. Does it make complete sense? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Clean jeans that wash away pollution (0) hi ind fashion experts hat in(@)__-__ to ring the idea toa mass marke 6) sundry adtve to add the tt (6) a lity. Clot 4 only 2e washed once with the laundry product because the unobtrusiv i eri abric fibres (7) affecting the 10k oF feel of th 2 (8) best suited to denim and sther cottons, they also work with other materials. 103 | | |Module 9 Brain power | Writing (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) > ew EXPERT STRATEGY } Structuring paragraphs 1a Read the task and three paragraphs from students’ essays. Match each paragraph with ‘one of the reasons for studying science given in the task. Ignore the words in italics in the paragraphs at this stage. Your class has attended a discussion on the reasons for studying science at university. You have made the notes below. Reasons for studying science at university + interesting and relevant + career prospects + importance to society ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion nese days scientists have a particularly vital role to play in society. ‘Science graduates find it easier to get high-paying jobs’ tis mare fun to study subjects such as languages or the humanities | Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the reasons in your notes. You should explain which reason you think is more important, giving reasons in support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. Write your essay in 220-260 words A (1) Whilst / Because science subjects have a reputation forbeing dry and specialised, this isnt necessarily the case (2) Nevertheless /In ft, the knowledge and skis acquired, (3) such as / ust ke problem solving are fascinating and applicable to any profession, (8) for example / not only science relate jobs. 108 2 Underline the topic sentence in each paragraph. 8 It beyond doubt that which need scientitic mput these days if our planet 1, (5) due to/ because the ever increasing demands we make on the worlds resources, Future scientsts wil face huge © lopng new communcations systems (7) and Jor contributing towards making the world a were are many issu whether [ft 18 des c (@) nadaliticn b Now match each paragraph with one of the opinions inthe task. Does each student agree or disagree with | each opinion? Have they used the same wording/ expressions as in the task? 3. Choose the correct linking words or phrases in the paragraphs in Exercise 1 Introduction 4. Inthe introduction, the language is usually impersonal Rewrite these sentences to make them less personal. 1 People generally agree that science is a good subject 1 study at university Science __ — a 2 People used to feel that careers in science and rmaths would be more suitable for boys, itused 3 Many schools have claimed that science is where the future is. It _ 4 Students offen assume that scien is too difficult ience —= Conclusion 5 Complete these concluding phrases with words from the box. a on (2) overall up _ 1 Tosum 4 balance, | feel 2 conclusion, 5 things considered 3 the whole 6_ | believe that Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1“gy Taw eXsi18)/.-10\0] a (efe) dias Teamwork Vocabulary development 1 >cB Word formation: fitness 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words in brackets. A day in the life of a footballer After getting up at about six, | do a bit of yoga, which is essential to (1) _ __ (sure) my body is warm and flexible, My breakfast is usually the same: 2) (vary) have porridge with fruit. Then | drive to work, drinking the first of my five daily bottles cof water on the way - its eally important to avoid (3)______ (hydrate), On the way to the football ground, | just switch off and listen to music. My (4)__"___(it) programme begins as soon as | get io the ground. This will involve exercises to build up core (5) _ (strong), as well as 2 lot of (6) _ (resist) work in the gym: which focuses (7) _ (specify) on different ‘groups of muscles at a time. We then move on to football training. All of this work (8) _ (able) Us to have the stamina to go on and play matches without getting injured or exhausted. It's a huge (9) __ (commit) but | love every minute At lunchtime | will eat protein such as chicken, lots of vegetables and some carbs - bread and potatoes ~ and will then have a rest, Sleep is very important with all the training we do. In fact. itis fairly (10) exception) if | go to bed later than 9.30. Not very slamorous, but it keeps me fit and w Verb + noun collocations 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. catch come hold make 1 Although sportspeople alot they still have to watch their diet 2 Being an athlete involves, allfelong, commitment. 3 Itmust be hard to_to terms with injury when it means giving up your career. 4 Jessica Ennis y attention at the 20: Olympics. | hadn't heard of her before. 5 Usain Bolt currently __ the record for the 100-metre sprint. Prepositional phrases 3 Choose the correct ans 1M ers. sports probably feel in under pressure much of the time, 2 We have varied and interesting lives, but it at / in the expense of our personal relationships. 3 In order to be every day. 4 We have a fitness coa programmes, 5 On/Toanc 6 It's important to kee while performing 7 On / In terms of nutrition, the important thing is @ healthy diet / by top form, we ha o's in / at charge of our based on his Putation emotions at / in check 8 It's important to be with /in good hands, so choose the best coach you can find Sport metaphors 4 Match the sentence halves. rite sp in ed. Adam sailed 5 When he speaks to me, he tends to skate 6 You took the wind out of his - 7 He made the decision on the spur of 8 all had to rein in a the goalpost behind with my work b the moment, taking us all by surprise igh the rugby tr hout informing me, uur i d the ball, so I let her deal with all the complaints at work @ our spending h f sails by accusing him outright lke that. g the running for h around tk rother award this yea pics that he doesn't want 105Module 10 Teamwork Use of English (Paper 1 Part 1) Multiple-choice cloze 1 _ Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 2. Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that wv fit in each gap. Can you predict the answer without looking at the options? 3 Do the task 4 Read through the text again, with your answers in place, Does it make complete sense? . For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A. B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Formula One development driver EXPERT LANGUAGE } ti (5) i (6) e (7) | (8) OA 8 c D 1A 8 c D A B c D A B Cconne o A 8B c D Aa B c Das well A B c D . A 8 c D A B c D 106Language development 1 > Bp 157 £6 Participle clauses 1 Choose the correct answers. Sometimes both options are possible. 1 As soon as / When she walked into the room, she saw what had happened 2 Because / If she had trained really hard, she was disappointed not to be chosen for the team 3 People who / when arrive early are more likely to get a place, 4 Since / As we left the theatre later than we expected, we missed the last train 5 I knew it was going to be really icy on the roads, 50 / because | refused to let my daughter drive 6 if When itis eaten hot, it tastes even more delicious 2 Match the sentences in Exercise 1 (1-6) with the functions (a-e). You need to use some of the functions more than once. a reason b time € relative clause d condition e result 3. Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 1 using participle clauses. 4 Complete the sentences with the present or past participle form of the verbs in the box. convince want invite learn wear 1 ‘my boss for a barbecue, I then remembered that | was supposed to be going to a concert the same evening, 2___that | would be really tired, Mark had booked us a table at a lovely restaurant. 3 The family ___from the rainforest last night spoke of their ordeal to BBC News 4___that fd failed, | didn't even bother to look at the results 5 ____with boots and a jacket, those jeans can look quite elegant. —__t0 see more of the country, Andy ‘extended his visa 7___ French at school, ive Spanish a go next. _ 10 swim, Alex stayed by the shore and watched us surfing. not be able realise rescue decided I'd like to Module 10 Teamwork 5 Join the sentences using participle clauses. Make any changes necessary. 1 im a member of the club. That's why | get priority booking for home matches, 2 She needs to be given a lot of support. this | happens, she could be a really good player. 3 Tran out of the office. [then hailed a taxi and jumped in 4 Ima bit lazy. Because of that, Id never make a world-class tennis player. 5 | quickly realised my team werent going to win. | decided to leave. 6 1 knew he wanted to see the game. | bought tickets for both of us to-infinitive clauses 6 Join the sentences using to-infinitive clauses to replace the words in bold. Make any changes necessary. 1 My personal trainer phoned me. He wanted to arrange a session 2 | finally otto the football ground Then I discovered that my son hadnt been chosen for the team. 3 You should see him play. if you did, you'd think he was a professional 4 | set off to meet Richard at the cinema Only then did I realise I got the wrong date 5 travel alot. I know that delays are inevitable 6 | spent ages writing a proposal Thad to present it at the meetingModule 10 Teamwork Use of English (Paper 1 Part 2) Read the ttle ofthe text and think about what you are going tO read. Open cloze 1 2 Read the whole text quickly to get the general meaning 3 Read the text again carefully and think about the type of word that will fit in each gap. 4 Dothe task. 5 Read through the text again, with your answers in place Does it make complete sense? t below and think of the word which best HELP . For questions 1-8, read the tex Sr fits each gap. Use only one word in each space, There isan ‘example at the beginning (0). emrwone XPERT LANGUAGE 108Listening (Paper 3 Part 3) Multiple choice 1 HELP EXPERT LANGUAGE } EXPERT WORD CHECK } Module 10 Teamwork Read the instructions for the task and answer the questions, 1 How many sf a Look at the questions and mark the key words in the stems and options. Do the task. You will hear an interview with a skydiver called Jennie Parks, who recently took part in a record-breaking formation jump, and Paul Grimes, a skydiving instructor. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 1 Ww le to tak scord-break one> one> 109EE Feeling good Reading (Paper 1 Part 8) 1 Read the title of the text and the introductory sentence. What do you know about orienteering? 2 Read the task and mark the key words in each question. 3. Read the text quickly to get an idea of how itis structured and what issues are discussed in each section. What is the main focus of each section? 4 Look at question 1 and find the sections of the text that talk about the skills needed for the sport. Look for sentences about people doing the sport for the first time. Write the question number next to these sections so you can find them again quickly. Then read these sections carefully and decide which section matches the exact wording of question 1 5 Repeat the procedure for the other questions, You are going to read an article about the sport of orienteering. For questions 1-10, choose from the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once. In which section does the writer mention at 110 Vocabulary 6 Match the sentence halves to form sentences with collocations from the text. 1 In the forest, it's ea! IF you get lost, ry to retrace ew anange h dTThe ART of Outoalcroutite eu sc aire eae eat DenaModule 10 Feeling good 3. Match the phrasal verbs in Exercise 2 (1-8) Vocabulary development 2 with their meanings (2h). > a use up - b stan doing again escape from d start being involved ‘Word formation: leisure acti 1 Complete the text with words formed from the words e spread in brackets, F recover from a g find the time My mother has always wanted to do amateur h avoid 7 (1) (drama), After going for an audition with - focal group, she was given her first part, much to her Reading (2) (amaze), She finds it very @)__ 4 Complete the text with words fr (reward) and at least it's better than spending the whole complete the text with words TS time (4) (garden), whch is what she used to do bookworm browse caught fiction go paperback ranging Myself, do very little in my free time ~ I'm somewhat fa couch potato —although I've done a course in jalue widely work trashy 6) (create) writing, It was very interesting and I made a whole new (6) __ (friend) group ‘ but I also found it (7)_____ (incredible) time- tim always reading and read gute ) a 8. aoT pve pin theca {often get through a couple of books a week, ) ), so I ge ip Qu from fairly (3)____ novels to ‘What I quite fancy doing next is some furniture more serious (4)___——_of iterature. | usually (9) (restore), although Fam not get totally (5) up in books; ithelps me (10) (optimism) that I will be very good at it. 106) off. would feel very (11) _____ (anxiety) if the furniture was (12) (value). [think it may be safer to stick {like novels best and | find psychological thrillers ct yt quite (7)___. So much so that | often to playing computer games and watching TV slay up til all hours reading them. But | also (@)______into biographies and other non: (9). though | may not read them from. Phrasal verbs with get Cover to cover just (10)__. really, and read up on things | feel | should know. 2 Complete the conversation with prepositions from . aa normally wait until the (11) she box versions of books come out because they" i aroun thro Cheaper and also get quite alot from the —iprary and local charity shop, which is really A: [haven't seen you for ages. What have you been good (12). My friends and also upto? (13)______ books a lot. Il give anything B: Well, actualy, Ive really been getting (1) a(t4)_____ —! suppose lam a bit of a j cycling recently (15) Jk: thought you hadnt been feeling too good. Liz told me B: Oh, lve got (2)___that.Itwas o is A It saps your energy, though. B: | know. | got (3) __ loads of vt supplement A: | sed to cycle once but never get (4) toit any more B: | know, it’ tricky ~ you have to make the time, r A: Icarit usually get 6) 6.30 and then it takes m i Br | goin really early i ‘A: What happens if you hav B: | try and get (6)__ A: | hear you've also taken t B: Wow, news certainly g¢ ‘A: Anyway, youve inspired me.I get (8) — ‘as soon as the weather is bette B: Good luck i 112Language development 2 > CBD 162 &G 4 Modals and semi-modals (Part 2): certainty, willingness and characteristic behaviour 1 Replace the words in bold with a word from the box. Make any changes necessary. More than one answer may be possible, shall_will_ wont would 1 My friend and | used to clean people's cars to ear money when we were kids. 2 The dishwasher isn’t working. | don't know why. 3 | think that this new information is sure to change your mind. 4 Is it possible for you to shut the door. please? Its cold 5 Let me help you 6 Can you possibly move your car, please? 7 My brother never takes the dog for a walk - | always have to doit 8 Ws typical of her to be late just when we are in such a hurry Modal revision 2 Choose the correct answers, 1 Ewish you'd phoned. | could / should have come round your house. 2 1am a member, so| didn't have to pay / needn't have paid fo the tickets. | just showed them my card 3 IM wait for you here, will / shall 12 4 That was a bit scary. We could / would have been stopped by the police. 5 |am really pleased that | can / could see you in Paris next week 6 Ittook a while but finally | could / was able to get the car started, and we set off 7 The audience got fed up because they weren't able to / can't hear very wel 8 Thats really kind, but you really shouldn't / mustnt have spent all that money! 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box and the modals in brackets. be do have leave make remove talk tell “ — 5 V ies not important. |__ — (not have to) it straightaway 2 You___(should) me you were coming. | would have picked you up. 3 lim not sure where she is. | suppose she (might) to Stella downstairs, 4 Its realy late and fm a bit worried, He__ ‘ould) an accident. 5 As long as you sign this document, there _ (should) a problem 6 You __(need) a meal for me yesterday. | told you | would be going out | 7 They_____(can) already, surely. ts only five o'clock Jp 8 Books (must) from the library under any circumstances. Alternatives to modals Module 10 Feeling good Cross out the one incorrect option for each sentence, TI think __ phone, A you are obliged B you'd better ___ switch off your € you should 2 Clients _ sign out before leaving the premises, ‘ Aare required to B areto C must to 3 You_ to buy anything. A are under no obligation B needn't C shouldn't feel under pressure 4itis______lock your car if you leave ithere A advisable to B suggested to € recommended that you 5 Visitor ___ to feed the animals, A are prohibited B are forbidden C aren't allowed 6 All books are _ to school before the e A suppost B meant C advised 7 The school doesnt ‘wear uniform on trips, to be retuned id of term, students A make B insist C force 8 it___for all passengers to clear security check Ais required B is compulsory Cis necessary Write sentences using the incorrect options in Exercise 4, |Feeling good f English (Paper 1 Part 4) K rmat 1 Read the instructions forthe task and look atthe example. Think how th meaning hasn't changed. ntences are different and notice how the he task For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it his & tot lar meaning to the fist sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, iding the word given. Here is an example (0). 0 TIME UNDER OUGHT BJECTION UNLIKELY HARDLYWriting (Paper 2 Part 2: Proposal) >ce ew EXPERT STRATEGY 1 Planning content 1 Which of these conventions is not important in proposals? ] 1 aformavimpersonal style 2 a persuasive apinion/recommendation 3 headings 4 descriptive language 5 being concise and direct 2 Read the task and then look at the points below. Which ones should you nor include in your proposal? You work in the student services office at an _intemational language college. Ina client satisfaction survey, several students have suggested running fitness classes during the lunch breaks. You have decided to send a proposal tothe principal ofthe college, asking for permission to do this and for practical assistance. Your proposal should include the lowing information: + why you think such classes would be beneficial + what kind of activities could be held * what kind of help you would need from the college. rite your proposal in 220-260 words. 1 suggestions for other research you could do 2 possible reasons as to why students need fitnes Classes at lunchtime (e.g. gym too far todo} 3 other alternatives to fitness activities thing 4 alist of possible fitness clases (eg Pilates, yoga, running club) 5 permission to hold fitness classes somewhere in the college § a suggestion for how much students should pay 7 Ideas for activities which are run by other colleges 8 how to publicise the classes 9 suggestions for healthy lunches after the 10 a request fo teachers classes bsidy from college to pay fitness Organisation 3 Decide how many paragraphs you will have and Module 10 Feeling good ‘what the headings will be. Use the task input to help you organise this and remember to include all the information required, Using appropriate language da Which of these sentence ‘openings are too informal for an introduction? 1m writing this proposal bec 2 The purpose of this proposal 3 The aims ofthis proposal are 4 The point of writing this propasal is 5 Why I decided to write this pro, 6 In this proposal, | wil/intend to raised in address issues b_ Which of these sentence openings for recommendations are too informal for a conclusion? 1 I would suggest’ recommend that 2 J think it would great if, 7 Itis doubtful whether 3 Why dont we? 8 I strongly urge 4 How about .? Being persuasive 5 Which of these final Paragraphs is the most effective? Why? A My recommendations would be a follows: * to employ a teacher to come in three times a week to teach a class im yogs, Plates and jazz dance introduce a small fee (£5) for each class, with the college maiang up the rest of the fee * classes to take place in the hall * tice a week, one of the teams to lead a rnnng group | am conf we would have a happer and healthier lent that if these ideas were to be mplemented, group of students, t. Let's ase them and the Writing task 6 Now do the task in Exercise 1 115Reading and Use of English Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, C or D) best fits each gap. ‘There is an example at the beginning (0). Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet Example: 0 A carried B filled C taken D brought Working from home According to a su was (0) __ out recently, hi most attractive type of flexible working that could be 8 offered to employees - with the main reason bein 2,000 parents that that most home neworking was the with only seven pe plied by their employers. (4) of homeworkers have to (5) orkers use their own equipment cent having use of smariphones the majority out any technical that allowed parents to take their children to school problems themselves, with onl 36 percent being in the morning and (1) them up at the end able to call on technical support from their employers of the day. This rated (2) as an incentive than if they get into trouble - something very much ther factors, such as saving time and money on taken for (6) in an office environment. Many commuting employees stil confidence in remote Cleatly, however, there are certain (3) to communications too's ses aS homeworking. The survey showed, for example, 1 Alift B fetc C pick 2 Agreater B hig € laiger 3 A outcomes B downfalls € upshots 4 A What's more B Instead € Onthe contrary 5 Adeal B sort C cope 6 Agiven B read € normal 7 Awhole B entire C utter 8 A despite B nonetheless Calth 116 mm home. D better D drawbacks D Otherwise D work D granted D complete D howeverPart 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each word in each gap. There is an example at t the beginning (0) Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet example [3] [ l ITTTT) Tree-hugging koalas Australian researchers have discovered (0) hug trees, Thermal imaging shows th: and eucalyptus species are as (9) itis that koalas the trunks of some acacia S five degrees cooler than their surroundings in hot weather. The research team (10) use of a thermal camera and a portable weather station in (11) to assess the conditions available to the koalas in different places within the woodlands they (12)_ the team discovered was tha animals were more likely to hu han in cooler weather, (13) nhabit s, the trunks and lower branches Jjuring heatv cacias, the species ermal stress and (15) to 2 uarter of some populations have died in heatwa more, the findings (16) a wider range of tree-dwell vhat's significant to hange brings well turn out to b ng animals, as climat more extreme Practice exam gap. Use only one 117j Practice exam | i Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. carole [0] ED TE REEEE LTT im Aboard the flight simulator Flight simulator machines are (0) used in the training of arl EXTEND Members of the public can now sample the experience, (17) COMPANY working pilot in the role of instructor. Although you never leave the ground sitting in the simulator cockpit, the combination of sound, movement and computer-generated images makes for an uncannily (18) ____ REALISM experience. Your logical mind keeps telling you its not for real, but something deep in your subconscious mind responds to the (19) {AUTHENTIC the sensory environment and you feel a real sense of (20) for your RESPONSIBLE ising the skies, learning buttons and dials, DETER actions. This is fine at first, when you're simply c! how to steer the plane, (21) by the thousands line's next FANTASY you may even start to (22) about your chances in the a | (23) the plane into land, (24)___., people have been known to getsoterrified APPEAR ign. The moment of truth, however, comes as you take RECRUIT that they burst into tears at this point ~ so real does the experience feel. i 118Part 4 For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar me using the word given. Do not change the word given. including the word given, Here is an example (0) Example: 0 I don't think many local people will support the campaign UNLIKELY The gap can be filled by the v ords ‘the campaign is unlikely to’, so you write Example: 0 Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet 25 INITIAL 6 LACK a BEING TALKEDPractice exam Part 5 ‘You are going to read the 120 The mummy juggle ‘Should more women be going after top corporate jobs? sheryl Sandberg became the first female board member at Facebook, having previously worked for both Google and the US Treasury Department. | remember speaking to her on Skype one Wednesday ffternoon as she sat in her glass office, wearing & pink and black sports jacket, She'd had a busy day At work and in a few minutes, she explained with 4 broad grin sheld be leaving for a baseball match ‘with her son. Ive got cupcakes and pizza ~ hell ove it’ she said, looking every inch the baseball-mum swith tousled hair, make-up free face and sporty top. How does she do it? | wondered momentarily, with a sense of awed envy, and then mentally scolded myself in shame. As someone doing the ‘mummy juggle’ myself, | hate being asked that question indeed, when I'd first met Sheryl two years earlier at a media dinner | was hosting, weld laughed about this. Everyone knows that being a working mum is challenging; the reason we were chatting on Skype. rot meeting up, was because our schedules were so packed. But milions of other women ~ and men fre juggling today, except the men are rarely grilled ‘on how they combine the joys of parenthood with ambition or handle the inevitable flashes of guilt or inadequacy. In any case, it seemed rather redundant to ask Sandberg how she ‘does it. The previous mont she'd published her first book, Lean In, which describes in breathless detail how she made farnily and career work - and appeals for more mums to do the same. Although western women have entered the workforce and education in record numbers in recent decades, this achievement hasn't filtered through to the top corporate jobs, of which only 14 percent are held by women in the USA Depressingly, that low statistic has remained Rat for a decade, And at six percent, the figure is lower stil in the UK What's more, if there is stagnation, it seems few people are talking about it.Some women see it as 2 an article about women in top management positions. For questions 31-36, choose ‘answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. result of male prejudice or institutional impediments But Sandberg thinks that women's minds are at fault. Most notably, she believes they sabotage themselves by leaning back in their careers, both prior to having children and on their return to work after maternity feave. By this she means failing to make their voices heard and refusing to make men take on an equal share of domestic tasks, So she wants more women to ‘ean in’ at work, pushing for success, even as they attend baseball matches with their children. ‘This message infuriated some people who point out that Sandberg is wealthy enough to afford domestic staff and powerful enough in her office to set the fules, For other women, the battle looks tougher. Indeed, Anne-Marie Slaughter, the professor at Princeton who chose to leave a job at the state department in 2011 when she found the juggle’ too tough, hascritcised Sandberg for not paying enough tention to institutional problems, Sandberg herself is at pains to play down any slanging match. Lean in topped the bestseller lst and she's committed to promoting her message not just to women but tO fren as well, including those who sit in the (largely female-free) senior corporate echelons. And in response to anyone who thinks there's @ danger of US corporations simply jumping aboaré the latest public relations trend ~ after all, almost every corporate leader today claims to like equality = Sandberg insists there are bigger reasons why CEOS are open to her message. Companies shouldnt be changing as a favour to women, but rather Decaust getting more women engaged makes sense Decaus® its good for a company’s compettiveness. There & She feels, a second, less obvious, factor, too. Thee ate a lot of senior men out there with daughters. particular, high-fiying fathers are now realising tat they want their own daughters to fly, its not enoug? simply to put them into a good college or entry joo ‘Women are outstripping men in education. “J isnt reflected at the top. It's time it was.Practice exam 31 During their Skype conversation, the A em arrassed because she said something inappropriate to Sandbo org B annoyed with her own reaction to what Sandt € resentful of how well-org. ised Sandberg appeared to t to have had Sandberg’s full att 32 In the first paragraph, the writer ys that men are less likely than women to combine chil fe with a ca B to feel torn between the demands of work and fam ly life, / how they balance work and family commitments ! concemed if their work means that they see lite of their children ut Sandberg's book in the second paragraph? A Itcontains rather predicts B itencour ges other wamen to mulate her Itwas written in a rel vely short space of time D It seeks to explain why there are so few women 34 For Sandberg, women who ter B K’ in their careers 'o blame for their own lack are unfor entrenched male attitudes 1 top posit ving children, A 8 c D Uuld negotiate better mater e condition 35 In the fourth paragraph, we sandberp’s ide have come in for crit A her privileged position is arded as untypical B she has made quite a lot of money writing about ther c i fortunate to work for a partic larly enlightened employer D itis felt that she doesn't put them into practice with her own staff 36 In the final Paragraph, the writer agrees with Sandbere’s A there are now ional opportunities available to wor 8 women from certain families stand more chanc © public opinion is leading nge of attitud mongst corporate bosses D there are s¢ omic argumer lore women in top positions. — 121Practice exam Part 6 You are going to read four reviews of an exhibition on the subje# of bridges. For questions 37-40, choose from the reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen mi 122 jore than once. ‘The role of bridges in the city landscape: an exhibition of drawings, paintings and photos A Anita Mckay This exhibition is much more than a collection of images of bridges: it asks enduring and relevant questions about th jose of these structures dnd highlights their central role in defining the cities which they grace. As you make your way through the gallery, youre confronted with unexpected ‘and surprising juxtapositions, Atmospheric photos appear next t0 precise scale drawings of the same bridge. What's more, youre not just Challenged but also forced to consider familiar Structures in anew light as you undertake this fascinating journey. For me, the absence of any gical or geographical progression «liberating, Instead of being le: to see similarities between bridges or trace lines of pment in bridge design, youre encouraged ersity and individuality. In depicted, the exhibitio lection that makes F regions. I sense of chronolo} in the exhibits terms ofthe range of brid is an unapologetically eclec no attempt at coverage of the better for it all 8 Brian Makepeace This exhibition is devoted to bridges of diferent types and deftly illustrates the significance of these struct to the image of acity brilliantly capturing the v the river as an urban artery. The inclusion ofa mixture of both familiar and less familiar bridges helps to hold your interest as you make your way round. Butanyone hoping to come away with a potted history of the bridge from anarchitectural orengineering perspecth willbe disappointed. The ancient and modern pop uP next to each other in a seemingly rar fas do structures from the four corners of the st Bur ths i a strength rather than a weakness because to its great credit. this exhibition makes you look at bridges from an aesthetic viewpoint. Tiss utimately the technical or the much more engag historical perspec laboured here. C Chloe Forbes For centuries, bridges have been a marker for urban ambition, Cities around the world commissioned Srchitects to create distinctive bridges to act as icons, This delightful exhibition showcases som these structures, though, sadly, some of the most iconic have been overlooked in favour of somewhat tundistinguished alternatives. There is litle here, however, to make you ponder the deeper social significance of bridges. nor are we shown Now central the bridges are to their respective citys image of itself. Instead, we're veated to 2 feast of stunning visual images that excites the senses in all Sorts of unexpected ways. Fortunately, the exhibits aren't arranged in date order, nor do we have rooms devoted to specific locations oF cultures, so we're spared any discussion of the technical background. S an exhibition that appeals to the eyes rather than the intellect D David Braintree functional a bridge means to an end, Becau in have an aura of pow majesty. and people ‘arvel at the technical achievement. Despite being eather random collection of visual images, this snibition captures that aura surprisingly well and makes you reflect on how well functionality and beauty can be combined. Having said that, | didnt ‘ome away with any new insights into either bridge building oF indeed what bridges do for cities, which ipposedly the focus of moved from one eta t0 ano another without any sense my attention wandering for want of a cohere’t thread to latch on to. WI me of the ‘world’s most interesting examples of urban bridge design didn't get a 100k in, which was a shar i i progression, | found nic structures entre staWhich reviewer has a different view to McKay concerning how tion shows the importance of urban bridges? shares Makepeace's opinion of how well the of bridges which apy has a different opinion to the others about how thought-pravoking t tive the order and positioning of the exhibits is Practice exam 123Practice exam Part 7 You are going to read a newspaper article about a tiger resoh India, Six paragraphs have been removed from the article, Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one ‘which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet Hidden tigers 44| a | 42 | _ 46 | [43|Practice exam A’ But visitors lke us are not universally given such a warm welcome in the National Park. Some people view tourists as harmful, claiming that they annoy the tigers and contaminate the reserve with discarded plastic and so on. What's more, at the moment these voices seem to be winning the debate, B ‘Creating such a safe habitat means fending off poachers and displacing villagers; says o be heard against the wind as we rattle off into the park ne even well-run parks find it hard to increase numbers much uide, shouting to morning, But tigers also require space, meaning Even so, we begin to feel a touch sorry for him, especially when he tells us of the pressures that come with | his occupation: 95 percent of guests are just all about tigers, tigers, tigers!" he says smile. ‘If | tell them something | know about a tree, they arent really that interested. one point, with a rueful D. Little has changed much since then, at least judging by the approach to the moder for tiger tours, tiger hotels and tiger restaurants; the effect leaves little doubt wh -day park. We pass signs visitors have in mind E The thick forest around us is silent. Our hearts racing, we listen out for‘alarm calls from other nearby animals, alerting each other to the tiger’ presence. Using binoculars, | peer hopefully through the dense vegetation and find myself almost willingly hallucinating tigers in the distance. Far-off logs take on feline form, while tree stumps seem suddenly to exhibit distinctive, symmetrical orange and black stripes. F Such gloomy thoughts are banished a few minutes later, however, as fresh pa spotted on the road ahead. Suddenly elated, we speed up and follow the first sighting is imminent. prints ( down t led ‘pug marks) are fe road, convinced a 6 To improve our own chances, as part of a short stay at a luxurious safari lodge we've booked four drives int the park led by Kassim, a local naturalist. In Kipling’s day, estimates put India’s tiger population at 40,000 | Today it is roughly 1,700, according to official figures, a decimation wrought by a combination of habitat destruction and hunting. 125Practice exam \ Part 8 You are going to read an article about attitudes towards wearing clothing made out of animal fur. For questions 47-56, choose from the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once, Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet In which section does the writer mention an example of inconsistent attitudes to related issues? continuing to feel slightly uncomfortable with a decision? an image that made a lasting impression on her generation? jul protest movement? an unintended side-effect of a succ fe that was once heavily criticised? a way of justifying a pr 6th an acknowledgement o} ical value of an item of cl Jevelopment that has allowed a softening attitudes being influenced pt to change pt a particularly effective atte particularly \guishable from those designed to imitate it? ‘one particular garment is indi iddressed some of the cancers of campaigners? examples of production met 126Practice exam The fur debate goes full circleWriting | Part 1 ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1 Your class has watched an online panel discussion about the effect of globalisation on life in the 21st century. You have made the notes below: The effect of globalisat travel living standards + culture Some opinions expressed in the online discussion: ecome much more accessible Th We are losing our national identity There is much more choice of products to buy as a rest isc uk sssing two of t of your answer Write an essay for your tutor d been greater, giving reasons in sup You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions own words as far as possible. 128 ik. pressed in the online discussion, but you st explain which effect has ould use your ere |Practice exam, Part 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2~4 in this part. Wi rite your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style 2 u fe re ie ie Por BY re 7 : email, 4 5 The end of TV? | |Coo — Listening Part 1 G» You will hear three different extracts: For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear ‘There are two questions for each extract. Extract One fl A fru ‘een € B e : c t 2 re A Se Extract Two 3 4 A B c 130Extract Three ST Nn suge first title A may not elec Br Cw necome popula 6 i iistatniet Practice exam 131 iPractice exam Part 2 stand-up paddleboarding, For sport of Jed Matt Selby talking about thi You will hear a man call .s with a word or short phrase. plete the sentences questions 7-14, com Stand-up paddleboarding (7) (8) (9) (10) qa) (12) (3) (a) 132Practice exam Part 3 © You will hear an interview in which two British novelists called Julian Mearsby and Lois Ridge are {alking about the role of fiction in the modern world. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A,B,C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 Lois feels that recent research into children’s reading habits ‘A supports a view that she has long held herself. een largely misinterpreted by mmentators. € reveals how misguided parents’ attitudes to reading can be. D shows how cou @ itis to force children to read. search lends view that ight to his, A stories are an intrinsic p f general education B everybody needs the escapism that stories provide. € notall stories are equally worthy of our admiration, 2 people who don't read stories often lack key language skills | 17 What does Julian think about reading on screen? A Readers are more likely to get dist B Readers fin ed. it less enjoyable than a physical book C its by Nn shown ta disc D It's useful developing the ability to read and write 18 Lois regards difference: between boys’ and girls’ reading habits as A a result of their biological make-up B surprisingly uniform across cultures © a product of their social environment. D exaggerated by recent research findings 19 Lois feels th at t le public's view of authors A has been affected by undue criticism in the media B ‘reflects the status of storytelling in society in general | individuals, C is disproportionately influenced by a few suc comparison with other er tive people in society 9 Julian and Lois both eel that it's unfortunate that many writers A don't share their own astute business skills 8 are unwilling to fight for better financial rewards, © fail to appreciate the complexity of the publishing industry, D seem unaware that their falling incomes are part of a wider trend. 133 ~Practice exam Part 4 } © You will hear five short extracts in which university students are talking about doing voluntary «con wildlife projects. While you listen, you must complete both tasks. Task One or questions 21-25, AH . i k A B c D tohelp a char ganisatic E F G H Task Two 26-30, AH k [ Taal ramrmonoe> 1 i 134Answer two questions from the following Now answer two more questions from the following: